Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| rabies vaccine prepared from the virus grown in japanese quail embryo cell cultures. | fixed rabies virus strain mniivp-74 was grown in japanese quail embryo cell cultures, concentrated by ultrafiltration and inactivated with beta-propiolactone. the resulting vaccine was markedly antigenic and immunogenic for laboratory animals. human volunteers injected with 2.0 ml vaccine on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90 exhibited more intensive and longer antibody production than those injected daily for 14 days. | 1983 | 6133431 |
| stability of human diploid cell rabies vaccines. | 1983 | 6134059 | |
| structural proteins of fixed rabies virus in the suckling mouse brain. | structural proteins of fixed rabies virus grown in the suckling mouse brain were analysed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). the relative content of g protein to l, n and m1 proteins of brain-grown virus was much lower when compared with that of the virus grown in chick embryo fibroblasts. the results indicate that nucleocapsid complexes, consisting of l, n and m1 proteins were the predominant antigens accumulating in the brain. | 1983 | 6135337 |
| an economical regimen of human diploid cell strain anti-rabies vaccine for post-exposure prophylaxis. | vaccine regimens using 0.1 ml human diploid cell strain vaccine (hdcsv) given intradermally (id) in single and multiple sites, or with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant given subcutaneously (sc), were compared with the regimens of hdcsv and semple vaccine currently suggested by who. some groups were also given human rabies-immune globulin (hrig). neutralising antibody titres were monitored for 3 months. antibody was detected earliest in subjects given 0.1 ml hdcsv id at each of eight sites. the highes ... | 1983 | 6135830 |
| rabies induced in a cat by high-egg-passage flury strain vaccine. | an adult male domestic short-hair cat developed posterior paralysis 22 days after being vaccinated for rabies with a high-egg-passage flury strain vaccine currently approved for use in cats. a diagnosis of rabies was confirmed by mouse inoculations, and viral typing using a panel of monoclonal antibodies demonstrated that it was vaccine induced. | 1983 | 12002593 |
| clinical trials in healthy volunteers with the new purified chick embryo cell rabies vaccine for man. | behringwerke has developed the new, safe and economical purified chick embryo cell (pcec) rabies vaccine. due to the purification by zonal centrifugation the compatibility of this vaccine is excellent. among 933 vaccinations in 219 healthy volunteers the only side-effect was mild pain at the injection-site in 17 vaccinations (1.7 per cent). the sero-conversion of pcec rabies vaccine was 100 per cent in the tested healthy volunteers. the kinetics of antibody induction after pcec rabies vaccine is ... | 1984 | 12055789 |
| rabies antibody titres in vaccinated dogs. | in a field study, rabies virus neutralizing antibody titres were determined by the microtest modification of the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test before and after primary vaccination in 30 puppies, and before and after booster vaccination in 59 previously vaccinated dogs. a commercial modified live virus vaccine was used. three weeks after primary vaccination the mean antibody titre was 102 +/- 90, but only 24 dogs presented for booster vaccination had detectable antibody levels (mean tit ... | 1984 | 17422460 |
| inhibition of opiate receptor-mediated signal transmission by rabies virus in persistently infected ng-108-15 mouse neuroblastoma-rat glioma hybrid cells. | acute and persistent rabies virus infection of mouse neuroblastoma-rat glioma hybrid cells (ng-108-15) results in a loss of the normal inhibiting function of opiates via the opiate receptor on hormone-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. previous studies of these persistently infected cells have shown a decrease in the affinity of the opiate receptors for agonists without any change in the number of these receptors. we now demonstrate that persistently infected cells are unable to couple the o ... | 1984 | 6142455 |
| a new, highly immunogenic duck embryo rabies vaccine. | 1984 | 6143152 | |
| failure to achieve predicted antibody responses with intradermal and intramuscular human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | in a study to compare the immunogenicity of human diploid cell rabies vaccine (hdcv) given by intramuscular or automatic intradermal jet injection, neither method of administration resulted in antibody levels predicted by previous studies. 49 days after starting a series of three 0.1 ml doses of hdcv given intradermally, 85 volunteers had a geometric mean titre (gmt) of neutralising antibody to rabies of 1:170. 9 concurrent control subjects who received 1.0 ml doses of vaccine intramuscularly ha ... | 1984 | 6144829 |
| chloroquine prophylaxis associated with a poor antibody response to human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | 1984 | 6145850 | |
| post-exposure rabies treatment with fetal bovine kidney cell vaccine in people bitten by animals with confirmed rabies. | 1984 | 6145906 | |
| use of post-exposure intradermal rabies vaccination in a rural mission hospital. | the efficacy of single site, intradermal human diploid cell rabies vaccine (hdcv) was assessed in patients exposed to rabies, who were treated at a rural mission hospital in central thailand. intradermal hdcv, 0.1 ml on days 0, 3, 7 and 14, resulted in protective antibody levels by day 14, with measurable titres present at one year. 98% of 219 patients completed primary vaccination and 84% returned for a one-year booster. no case of rabies has been seen in those vaccinated. intradermal hdcv in s ... | 1984 | 6146863 |
| ammonium chloride and chloroquine inhibit rabies virus infection in neuroblastoma cells. brief report. | two lysosomotropic agents, ammonium chloride and chloroquine inhibit the infection of murine neuroblastoma cells by rabies virus. the experiments indicate that rabies virus infects the neuronal cells through an endosome ph dependent entry pathway. | 1984 | 6148053 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of rabies antibodies in human sera. | a double antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was elaborated for detection of rabies antibodies in human sera. the procedure consisted of coating polyvinylchloride plates with rabbit antirabies serum followed by attachment of partially purified fixed virus and human rabies antibodies. the rabies-specific antibodies in human antisera were quantified by means of antihuman peroxidase conjugate. titration of antisera from human volunteers immunized with the "fermi" vaccine revealed exc ... | 1984 | 6151357 |
| a new inactivated tissue culture rabies vaccine for use in man. evaluation of pcec-vaccine by laboratory tests. | a new inactivated rabies vaccine (purified chick embryo cell vaccine) has been developed using the flury lep-c 25 strain of rabies virus propagated in primary chick embryo cell cultures. the antigen was purified and concentrated by continuous density gradient centrifugation and inactivated by betapropiolactone. this vaccine was tested for innocuity, tolerability and protective capacity in a series of laboratory tests and compared with human diploid cell strain (hdc)-vaccines of similar antigenic ... | 1984 | 6199357 |
| distribution of rabies virus, interferon and interferon-mediated enzymes in the brains of virus-infected rats. | the distribution of rabies virus, interferon and interferon-mediated enzymes, pppa(2'p5'a)n synthetase (2-5a synthetase) and poly(ri) . poly(rc)-sepharose-bound protein kinase, was studied in different regions of the brains of rabies virus-infected rats. a broad range of virus infectivity was found in the brain stem, cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus and striatum. similarly, the levels of interferon were variable (2500 to 60 000 units/mg protein in tissue extracts) in the different brain regions s ... | 1984 | 6202834 |
| [effect of the interferon inducer double-stranded rna on the development of vaccinal antirabies immunity]. | experimental mice treated with an interferon inducer (double-stranded rna) and vaccine, vaccine alone, and gamma-globulin plus vaccine were used to study the time course of development of immunity to rabies by intramuscular and intracerebral challenge with street rabies virus. combined use of the interferon inducer and specific vaccine was shown to produce an earlier and more intensive immunity than vaccine alone or gamma-globulin and vaccine, and also a more marked humoral immune response. it i ... | 1984 | 6203231 |
| monoclonal antibodies as a tool for rabies epidemiological studies. | hybridoma-produced monoclonal antibodies specific of antigenic determinants of the nucleocapsid and the glycoprotein of rabies virus showed differences between fixed and street strains of rabies virus. standard panels of monoclonal antibodies allowed us to determine the geographic origin of imported cases of rabies in animals and humans. | 1984 | 6084611 |
| investigation of the antigenic structure of rabies virus glycoprotein by monoclonal antibodies. | comparative antigenic analysis of glycoprotein variants of era and cvs-11 strains of rabies virus by monoclonal antibodies has permitted the delineation of three antigenic sites on the glycoprotein common to both strains. two additional antigenic sites have been delineated on the era strain virus glycoprotein. the topologic relationship of these antigenic sites has been investigated. | 1984 | 6084612 |
| characterization of rabies virus strains used for vaccine production by means of monoclonal antibodies. | a group of who consultants who met in geneva 16-18 september 1982, recommended, among other items, that "monoclonal antibody reactivity pattern of all viruses used for (rabies) vaccine production should be established" (who/rab.res./82.15) (1). such a study has been undertaken in our who collaborative centre for rabies in close collaboration with the who collaborative centre for rabies of the wistar institute, and with monoclonal antibodies kindly supplied by t.j. wiktor (2). | 1984 | 6084613 |
| [antigenic characteristics of strains of rabies isolated in madagascar]. | 1984 | 6085460 | |
| [rabies in humans--confirmation of the existence of fast intra-axonal circulation in peripheral nerves]. | 1984 | 6085743 | |
| role of phospholipids in rhabdovirus attachment to cer cells. brief report. | the effect of phospholipases on rhabdovirus attachment to cer cells and the competitive binding of phospholipids and viruses to cells were studied. results obtained indicate that, although to a different extent, some phospholipids represent a binding site for both vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and rabies virus. | 1984 | 6089706 |
| frequency analysis of cytolytic t lymphocyte precursors (ctl-p) generated in vivo during lethal rabies infection of mice. ii. rabies virus genus specificity of ctl-p. | cytolytic t lymphocyte precursors (ctl-p) were sensitized in vivo by intraplantar infection of c57bl/6 mice with a lethal dose of rabies virus, strain era (era). as a result of sensitization ctl-p matured to interleukin-receptive ctl-p (il-ctl-p) that could be expanded in vitro to thy-1+, lyt-2+ ctl clones in the presence of il without subjection to antigen-driven selection. after infection with era, il-ctl-p-derived ctl lysed fibroblasts infected with rabies virus but not those infected with an ... | 1984 | 6094202 |
| protection from rabies by a vaccinia virus recombinant containing the rabies virus glycoprotein gene. | inoculation of rabbits and mice with a vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant (v-rg) virus resulted in rapid induction of high concentrations of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies and protection from severe intracerebral challenge with several strains of rabies virus. protection from virus challenge also was achieved against the rabies-related duvenhage virus but not against the mokola virus. effective immunization by v-rg depended on the expression of a rabies glycoprotein that registered p ... | 1984 | 6095272 |
| rabies prophylaxis. | 1984 | 6702550 | |
| human rabies in the united states, 1960 to 1979: epidemiology, diagnosis, and prevention. | thirty-eight cases of human rabies occurred in the united states and its territories from 1960 to 1979. the major source of exposure to rabies has changed from indigenous dogs and cats in the 1940s and 1950s to wild carnivores and bats (11 of the 27 cases with known exposures); unusual exposures (3 cases) and exposures in a foreign country (7 cases) have also become more important. no exposure could be identified for 6 of the 38 cases. two patients received optimal prophylaxis, 14 suboptimal, an ... | 1984 | 6712036 |
| antibody-mediated enhancement of rabies virus infection in a mouse macrophage cell line (p388d1). | the suggestion that antibodies might enhance rabies virus infection of macrophages through opsonization of immune complexes was tested in vitro by adaptation of the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition technique for the examination of a macrophage cell line (p388d1). some enhancement of rabies virus infection was shown. the relationship between such enhancement with the 'early death' phenomenon and its occurrence in vivo is discussed. | 1984 | 6726187 |
| characterization of saturable binding sites for rabies virus. | a specific, saturable receptor for rabies virus was analyzed on cultured cells of neural or non-neural origin. viral attachment kinetics were enhanced by deae-dextran, an effect which in turn enhanced the apparent infectivity of the virus inoculum. under optimized conditions, the attachment of metabolically labeled era strain rabies virus obeyed the laws of mass action, whereby the amount of virus bound to cells varied proportionally with the concentration of cells or virus. attachment was sensi ... | 1984 | 6726888 |
| post-exposure intradermal antirabies vaccine: a cheaper alternative for developing countries. | intradermal (i.d.) human diploid-cell vaccine (hdcv) has been routinely used for post-exposure treatment of rabies at a rural mission hospital in central thailand since 1979. four 0.1 ml doses have been given over a fortnight, reconstituted vaccine being regularly stored for repeated use. no significant side effects have been encountered. consistent antibody formation has been shown. in patients followed up for one year no case of rabies has been observed. post-exposure intradermal hdcv is safer ... | 1984 | 6729974 |
| [morphology of the arctic rabies virus]. | 1984 | 6730443 | |
| peripheral distribution of virus in dogs inoculated with two strains of rabies virus. | forty-seven beagles were inoculated im with an ethiopian strain or a mexican strain of rabies virus to study the pathogenesis of street rabies virus in dogs. thirty-nine dogs died of rabies, with incubation periods lasting 9 to 69 days. of the dogs that died, 82% had shown typical signs of rabies, but 18% died without any noticeable signs of illness. eight dogs that remained healthy during an observation period lasting more than 2 years did not produce detectable amounts of rabies virus-neutrali ... | 1984 | 6731986 |
| post-exposure rabies prophylaxis. | 1984 | 6739341 | |
| [immunogenicity of a new, highly purified, highly concentrated duck-embryo rabies vaccine]. | the protective value and safety of human diploid cell strain rabies vaccine (hdcv) are well established [6, 8, 11]. at present, however, the high cost and small yields of hdcv has restricted its use, particularly in developing countries where rabies vaccine is needed in large amounts. the inexpensive duck embryo rabies vaccine (dev), also prepared with the pitman -moore strain, is potent and generally safe despite occasional allergic complications [9, 13]. the vaccine has been used with success ... | 1984 | 6740281 |
| leads from the mmwr. recommendations of the immunization practices advisory committee (acip). rabies prevention--united states, 1984. | 1984 | 6748184 | |
| rabies prevention--united states, 1984. | 1984 | 6429509 | |
| a collaborative study on the use of single radial immunodiffusion for the assay of rabies virus glycoprotein. | the single radial immunodiffusion (srd) technique has been applied to the assay of the glycoprotein content of rabies vaccines produced in cell cultures. fourteen laboratories in seven countries participated in a collaborative study to evaluate the reproducibility of the srd technique; some laboratories also examined vaccines in the mouse protection (nih) test and by enzyme immunoassay. good agreement was found between potency estimates using the srd technique: the geometric coefficients of vari ... | 1984 | 6434544 |
| [rabies in the common hamster (cricetus cricetus) in slovakia]. | the trials were conducted within the full-scale research on the ecology of lyssa virus. in a period of the mass outbreak of common hamster population in the east slovakian region, 283 hamsters were examined for rabies. using the direct immunofluorescence method (difm), the rabies antigen was detected in the brain of five hamsters. three virus strains (denoted as 3 o, 7 e, 9 e) were isolated by means of the inoculation test on sucking mice. on the basis of the detection of the nucleo-protein anti ... | 1984 | 6441329 |
| [excretion of the rabies virus in foxes after experimental infection]. | fourteen foxes (vulpes vulpes crucigera) were experimentally infected with rabies. the excretion of the virus in saliva was subjected to qualitative study. three different street strains isolated in the territory of the czech socialist republic were used for the intramuscular infection at the doses of 50 or 5000 micld50. the presence of the virus in saliva was demonstrated in 12 animals (86%). post-mortal examination revealed the virus in the salivary gland of 13 animals (93%). the virus started ... | 1984 | 6441330 |
| rabies: spongiform lesions in the brain. | striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) experimentally infected with street rabies virus developed spongiform lesions that light- and electron-microscopically were indistinguishable from those found in the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies of man and animals. these previously unreported lesions were also detected in naturally occurring cases of rabies. the spongiform lesions consisted of round or oval vacuoles in the neuropil, rarely in neuronal perikarya. the most severely affected areas wer ... | 1984 | 6464676 |
| a plaque-purified rabies virus (strains v-319) derived from a vampire bat (desmodus rotundus) in mexico: vaccine potential. | a plaque-purified experimental rabies vaccine was developed from an isolate (strain v-319) made from a naturally infected vampire bat (desmodus rotundus). two different vaccines were prepared; one was live virus and the second was an inactivated rabies virus preparation. the live virus vaccine, as well as a betapropiolactone-inactivated vaccine, gave complete protection to challenge inoculation after 1 year. in contrast, greater than 80% of the non-vaccinated experimental control cattle died of ... | 1984 | 6467947 |
| broad-spectrum antiviral activity of adenosine analogues. | in recent years certain aliphatic and carbocyclic adenosine analogues have been developed which are of potential clinical importance as antiviral agents. this includes (s)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine [(s)-dhpa] and carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine (c-c3ado). (s)-dhpa and c-c3ado are remarkably similar in their antiviral spectrum in that they are particularly active against (-) rna viruses such as measles, para-influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and (+ ... | 1984 | 6476818 |
| rabies virus in the salivary glands and nasal mucosa of naturally infected skunks. | several salivary glands and the nasal mucosa of rabid skunks (mephitis mephitis) contained rabies virus. generally titers were high in the submandibular, moderate in the parotid and low to moderate in the zygomatic, molar and sublingual salivary glands. the nasal mucosa (glands and epithelium) contained virus at low to moderate titers that occasionally were equal to titers in brain. | 1984 | 6478304 |
| rapidity of booster response to rabies vaccine produced in cell culture. | 1984 | 6491383 | |
| presence of neutralizing antibodies to rabies virus in striped skunks from areas free of skunk rabies in alberta. | nine percent of 198 serum samples from striped skunks, mephitis mephitis (schreber) from five areas of alberta were positive for rabies neutralizing antibody. positive samples were minimal (2%) from specimens sampled in an area enzootic for rabies and occurred at greater rates in areas negative for skunk rabies. transmission of rabies virus to skunks may have been from a source other than skunks in those areas, most probably from bats. | 1984 | 6492318 |
| amino acid sequence similarity between rabies virus glycoprotein and snake venom curaremimetic neurotoxins. | evidence was presented earlier that a host-cell receptor for the highly neurotropic rabies virus might be the acetylcholine receptor. the amino acid sequence of the glycoprotein of rabies virus was compared by computer analysis with that of snake venom curaremimetic neurotoxins, potent ligands of the acetylcholine receptor. a statistically significant sequence relation was found between a segment of the rabies glycoprotein and the entire sequence of long neurotoxins. the greatest identity occurs ... | 1984 | 6494916 |
| [results of human immunization with a new rabies vaccine containing no neuroallergenic brain tissue factor]. | immunization with a vaccine prepared from sheep-brain-grown fixed rabies virus inactivated with beta-propiolactone was given to 146 subjects. the vaccine was by 80-90% purified from waste brain tissue substances (protein content less than 2 mg/ml) and showed no neuroallergenicity in guinea pig tests. simultaneously 86 subjects were vaccinated with commercial fermi vaccine. immunization was performed according to the schedules accepted in the ussr. the new vaccine produced much fewer local reacti ... | 1984 | 6495706 |
| [rabies virus in the saliva of infected animals before the outbreak of clinical symptoms]. | 1984 | 6499675 | |
| [intradermal administration of hdc vaccine in the immunization of people against rabies]. | 1984 | 6503605 | |
| [experimental bovine rabies: susceptibility, symptoms, humoral immunologic reactions, lesions and virus excretion]. | in france, rabies in cattle is transmitted by a bite of a rabid fox. this disease represents a threat for public health. few written observations concerning bovine rabies have been made. this report describes a model of experimental bovine rabies, necessary for further studies. consequently, sixteen cattle were inoculated with a street rabies virus suspension into each masseter muscle: ten were challenged with 5 x 10(5) micld50, three with 5 x 10(4) micld50 and three with 5 x 10(3) micld50. the ... | 1984 | 6517475 |
| [biological and immunological behavior of an attenuated strain of rabies virus propagated in a primary culture of fetal bovine kidney]. | 1984 | 6522875 | |
| purified chick embryo cell (pcec) rabies vaccine for human use. laboratory data. | a new inactivated rabies vaccine (purified chick embryo cell vaccine) for use in humans has been developed. the flury-lep c25 strain of rabies virus was adapted to propagate in primary chick embryo cell cultures. the antigen was purified and concentrated by continuous density gradient centrifugation and inactivated by betapropiolactone. the pcec-rabies vaccine was tested for innocuity, tolerability and protective capacity in a series of laboratory tests and compared with human diploid cell strai ... | 1984 | 6525146 |
| antigenic analysis of rabies and mokola virus from zimbabwe using monoclonal antibodies. | eighteen strains of virus were recovered by tissue culture techniques from 20 samples of mouse brain received from harare, zimbabwe, and typed with monoclonal antibodies at the wistar institute. on the basis of reactivity with these monoclonal antibodies specific for rabies and rabies-related viruses, seven strains were identified as mokola viruses, and the remaining 11, as rabies viruses. seventeen of 36 monoclonal antibodies against the nucleocapsid antigen reacted with the mokola strains, but ... | 1984 | 6526138 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies against the pasteur (p.v.) strain of rabies virus: problems and results. | assuming the fact that the highest specific secreting hybrids number has been recorded with iq secreting spleen cells, we did some immunizing protocols to maximize the elisa reacting antibodies: for this balb/c mice were primed intra-peritoneally with vaccine containing inactivated rabies (p.v. strain). half of them were boosted intravenously with the same concentrated purified and live virus. we performed a series of hybridizations, at different times (i.e. 10, 15, 20, 75 days), between the rab ... | 1984 | 6526139 |
| [the vaccination of cattle against rabies. antibody kinetics, resistance to challenge three years after vaccination]. | the kinetics and the titre of the serum neutralising antibodies have been studied for 55 months, in eight cows already vaccinated against rabies with a commercial vaccine. the titres remained stable during this period and increased after the booster injection 16 months after the primary immunization. the protection obtained with this vaccine was tested. these cattle and five controls were inoculated in each masseter muscle in the 55th month with a street rabies virus suspension (5 x 10(5) micld5 ... | 1984 | 6529124 |
| pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis: efficacy of a new packaging and delivery system for intradermal administration of human diploid cell vaccine. | the efficacy of a newly designed syringe prepacked with human diploid cell vaccine in a sufficient quantity to deliver individual 0.1 ml doses intradermally was tested by injecting 40 veterinary students with a single dose on each of days 0, 7 and 28. a second group of 20 students received the ordinary series of three 1.0 ml intramuscular vaccine doses by needle and syringe. all participants in both groups developed neutralizing antibodies to rabies above the suggested minimum of 0.5 internation ... | 1984 | 6531959 |
| [sylvatic rabies: a pediatric problem?]. | rabies epizooty has been recently reported from several italian provinces: bolzano, udine, belluno, brescia, sondrio, varese, como and bergamo. the rate of spread of the infection through wild animals has been estimated in 50 km/year. we have reviewed the fundamental characters or rabies virus, the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of disease. furthermore the fundamental guidelines of passive and active immunization will be stressed with spread emphasis to the pre-exposition active immuni ... | 1984 | 6533586 |
| antigenic characteristics of isolates associated with a new epizootic of raccoon rabies in the united states. | a panel of 23 monoclonal antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of rabies virus was used to study the antigenic character of isolates of rabies virus from raccoons in the mid-atlantic region of the united states. comparison of the reaction pattern of these isolates with that of isolates of rabies virus collected from areas of major rabies outbreaks (skunk rabies in the midwestern united states, fox rabies in the northeastern united states, and raccoon rabies in the southeastern united states) su ... | 1984 | 6539356 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies to confirm vaccine-induced rabies in ten dogs, two cats, and one fox. | a panel of 8 monoclonal antibodies to rabies glycoprotein antigen was used to characterize the modified-live virus vaccines marketed in the united states during the last 10 years. thirteen of 14 rabies virus isolates from 11 dogs, 2 cats, and 1 fox suspected of developing vaccine-induced rabies were shown to have reactivity patterns that were identical to the vaccine administered. reactivity patterns for 20 rabies isolates from human beings, wild animals, or domestic animals with no history of r ... | 1984 | 6540768 |
| expression of rabies virus glycoprotein from a recombinant vaccinia virus. | rabies is one of the oldest diseases know to man, but its successful control has remained elusive. although effective vaccines of tissue culture origin against rabies do exist, such preparations are expensive. live vaccinia virus (vv) recombinants expressing influenza or hepatitis b antigens have recently been used to immunize against these diseases. we have now used this approach to produce a novel rabies vaccine. we first altered the rabies glycoprotein cdna by site-directed mutagenesis and re ... | 1984 | 6548799 |
| enzyme immunoassay for rabies antibody in hybridoma culture fluids and its application to differentiation of street and laboratory strains of rabies virus. | a rapid and sensitive enzyme immunoassay is described for detecting rabies antibody in hybridoma culture fluids. glass fiber filter disks were used to immobilize gamma-irradiated mouse neuroblastoma cells infected with street or laboratory strains of rabies virus. bound rabies-specific antibody was detected by reaction with horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin g. the assay was performed in a 96-well filtration device developed by cleveland et al. (j. clin. microbiol. 15: ... | 1984 | 6365963 |
| basis of neurotropism of rabies virus: a new hypothesis. | there is evidence that rabies viruses travel along the peripheral nerves, in the axoplasm to reach the central nervous system (cns). it is hypothesised that rabies viruses are attracted electrically or magnetically by the nerve impulses to the cns. this explains why rabies viruses show specific affinity towards nerve tissue. the present hypothesis offers a new approach to the study of pathogenesis of the various neurotropic viruses. | 1984 | 6206381 |
| comparative studies of rabies and sindbis virus replication in human neuroblastoma (sym-i) cells that can produce interferon. | k-104 cells, a cloned cell line derived from a human neuroblastoma (sym-i), were induced by rabies hep-flury virus to release large amounts of interferon, and the resulting antiviral activity significantly suppressed the rabies virus replication. the role of endogenous interferon was confirmed by treatment with anti-interferon antibody which increased the yield of progeny virus. the virus yield in the second undiluted passage through k-104 cells was much less than that in the first passage, beca ... | 1984 | 6208314 |
| [monitoring antibody activity in personnel in infectious disease departments in the north bohemian region using the enc-hem sevac kit]. | 1984 | 6209016 | |
| [evaluation of the effectiveness of an antirabies serum purified and concentrated by the prosdis-4 method]. | the data on the use of rabies antitoxin obtained by the method ensuring the isolation of active immunoglobulin fractions are presented. the trial was carried out in the kazakh ssr and the uzbek ssr. the preparation was injected to subjects bitten by animals, in doses of 5 to 40 ml, depending on the localization of bites, the character of lesions and the age of victims. antitoxin " prosdis -4" was found to possess low reactogenicaty . during the term of observation (1 year) no cases of rabies wer ... | 1984 | 6234726 |
| nucleotide sequence and host la protein interactions of rabies virus leader rna. | rabies virus leader rna was detected in infected bhk-21 cell extracts by hybridization to end-labeled genomic rna. similar to the leader rna of vesicular stomatitis virus, the leader rna of rabies virus was also found to be associated with the la protein by specific immunoprecipitation with antisera from lupus patients. the 3' end of the genomic rna of rabies virus was sequenced, and the size and termination site of leader rna were determined. in addition, extension of the sequence into the nucl ... | 1984 | 6328006 |
| m13 bacteriophage vectors for the expression of foreign proteins in escherichia coli: the rabies glycoprotein. | the expression of a protein-coding dna fragment in a microorganism such as escherichia coli requires that the exogenous dna segment be inserted precisely in phase with bacterial translation initiation signals. we report the construction of derivatives of the m13 vectors m13mp7 and m13mp701 in which a hindiii site has been inserted, within the n-terminal section of the beta-galactosidase gene, in all three phases of translation. these vectors may thus be used for the expression, under the control ... | 1984 | 6330261 |
| serologic survey for selected viruses in a population of raccoons, procyon lotor (l.), in the great smoky mountains. | 1984 | 6330384 | |
| t cell responses to cleaved rabies virus glycoprotein and to synthetic peptides. | the antigenic structure of the rabies virus glycoprotein has been studied. a limited number of fragments were obtained by cyanogen bromide (cnbr) cleavage of viral glycoprotein, and eight large peptides were isolated by using sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. these were tested for their capacity to stimulate the proliferation of nylon wool-purified t cells obtained from spleens of rabies-immune a/j mice. three peptides (cr1, cr2 plus cr2a, and cr3) stimulated antig ... | 1984 | 6332859 |
| methods of increasing the sensitivity of the haemagglutination inhibition test for rabies virus antibody. | a new method for the removal of non-specific inhibitors of rabies virus haemagglutinin has been developed. treatment with colloidal silicic acid (aerosil) or with acetone plus aerosil reduced the non-specific inhibitors in human, mouse, and dog sera to a level that was undetectable at the 1:4 starting dilution in the haemagglutination inhibition test.bromelain-treated goose erythrocytes were much more susceptible to haemagglutination by rabies virus than were untreated erythrocytes, and the sens ... | 1984 | 6335846 |
| experimental rabies in skunks: effects of immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide. | striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) were inoculated with street rabies virus and immunosuppressed with several doses of cyclophosphamide. control skunks were inoculated with street virus only. the skunks were killed in terminal stages of the disease and several tissues were collected for examination by immunofluorescence, light microscopy and viral titration. sera collected at euthanasia from most of the principals did not contain detectable rabies neutralizing antibodies, whereas high titers occ ... | 1984 | 6370390 |
| evaluation of immunofluorescence staining of skin for the diagnosis of rabies. | 1984 | 6372335 | |
| rapid diagnosis of viral infections in the central nervous system. | rapid diagnosis of viral infections in the central nervous system has become increasingly important. antiviral treatment, prevention of spread of disease and differentiation from infections caused by agents sensitive to antibiotics may be the important consequences of a virus specific diagnosis gained early in the disease. the diagnosis can be obtained by detection of virus or viral antigen in the human specimen: herpes simplex virus by electron microscopy, immunofluorescence or immunosorbent as ... | 1984 | 6320356 |
| [use of the radial hemolysis reaction for titrating antirabies sera]. | 1984 | 6380112 | |
| [specificity of monoclonal antibodies obtained with the paster pv rabies virus strain]. | 1984 | 6400350 | |
| mechanism of rabies virus entry into cer cells. | the early steps of rabies virus (cvs) infection in vitro were studied in chicken embryo-related (cer) cells. the infection was monitored by looking for specific intracytoplasmic viral inclusions using anti-rabies fluorescein isothiocyanate at 24 h after the addition of virus. the attachment of rabies virus to cer cells was shown to be inhibited by pretreatment of the cells with neuraminidase. these cells recovered their susceptibility to rabies virus infection 6 h after removal of the enzyme. tr ... | 1984 | 6423770 |
| murine resistance to street rabies virus: genetic analysis by testing second-backcross progeny and verification of allelic resistance genes in sjl/j and cba/j mice. | intraperitoneal challenge with street rabies virus of second-backcross offspring produced from susceptible females mated with either randomly selected or rabies-resistant first-backcross males indicated that murine resistance is under the influence of the concurrent presence of each of two segregating genes. furthermore, the greater than or equal to 96% resistance of offspring produced from (sjl x cba)f1 and (cba x sjl)f1 hybrids crossed to susceptible a.sw or a/wysn mice demonstrated that resis ... | 1984 | 6423836 |
| [cultivation of the rabies virus in the continuous kidney cell line 4647 from the green marmoset]. | continuous cells of green monkey kidney 4647 were found to be highly sensitive to three variants of the vnukovo-32 vaccine strain of rabies virus preliminarily adapted to the primary line of syrian hamster kidney cells. the virus litre increased with passages in the 4647 cell culture. the resulting virus variants had sufficient immunogenic potency. the time course of virus replication at a temperature of 32 degrees c was studied. the heteroploid cell line 4647 was found to be promising for manuf ... | 1985 | 2408382 |
| [effect of immunostimulants on the intensity of vaccinal antirabies immunity]. | experiments in balb/c and cba mice demonstrated that among 5 immunopotentiators (rff2, a complex of polyguacylic and polycytidylic acids (gc), glucosomuramyldipeptide, levamisole, and dsrna) a significant immunostimulating effect on the intensity of rabies immunity to intracerebral challenge with street rabies virus was exerted by rff2 interferon inductor or by a combination of inosiplex + + gc + vaccine. a correlation between the immunostimulating and protective (therapeutic) activity of the dr ... | 1985 | 2408383 |
| cross protection of mice against different rabies virus isolates. | in an attempt to identify "atypical" strains which could account for vaccination failures, 10 street, one intermediate (dr19) and 4 fixed rabies virus isolates from men, cattle, dogs, cats, mongoose and vampire bats in five countries (argentina, brazil, chile, cuba, and france) were studied by cross-protection tests in mice. for the purpose of this study, any virus that killed more than 20% of the vaccinated mice challenged with that virus was considered "atypical". when the suckling mouse brain ... | 1985 | 2409716 |
| antigenic sites on the era rabies virus nucleoprotein and non-structural protein. | thirty-one monoclonal antibodies, specific for either the nucleoprotein (n) or the non-structural protein (ns; nucleocapsid-associated protein) of the nucleocapsid of the era strain of rabies virus, were used to investigate the topography of antigenic sites on the nucleocapsid complex. based on the results of a competitive enzyme immunoabsorbent assay using these antibodies, five spatially distinct antigenic sites were defined: three on the n protein (groups n i, n ii and n iii) and two on the n ... | 1985 | 2413164 |
| lack of interferon induction in man by two rabies tissue culture vaccines. | both neutralising antibody and interferon play a part in protection of animals against death from rabies virus infection. interferon induction was therefore sought in 53 volunteers within 24 hours of receiving human diploid cell strain vaccine or fetal bovine kidney cell vaccine given either intramuscularly or intradermally. repeat observations were made in 18 subjects following a second dose of vaccine seven days later. no interferon was detected in any sample tested although no subject had any ... | 1985 | 2424101 |
| immunoperoxidase reaction in diagnosis of rabies. | the results obtained by staining impression smears prepared from rabies positive brains revealed that with seller's stain, negribodies were detected in 76.28% specimens, whereas direct fluorescent antibody technique (fat) and direct immunoperoxidase (ip) technique detected rabies antigen in 92.50% and 91.36% of brains respectively. this indicates that for giving rapid diagnosis seller's stain may be of value but negative result does not rule out positive result. direct fat and direct ip were fou ... | 1985 | 2424857 |
| [human exposure to animal rabies in puerto rico, 1980-1983]. | 1985 | 3864449 | |
| in vivo interference between pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses. | the interference among viruses is a well-documented biological phenomenon, both in animals and tissue culture systems. in two of our previous in vivo experiments and in four independent animal experiments, which are described in this presentation, interferences were successfully used to influence the outcomes of viral diseases by using non-pathogenic viruses. in this study, four pathogenic viruses were studied in their natural hosts, and against these viruses, in different combinations, 15 non-p ... | 1985 | 3868686 |
| amplification of rabies virus-induced stimulation of human t-cell lines and clones by antigen-specific antibodies. | the effect of antigen-specific antibodies on the response of human t-cell lines and clones to rabies virus was studied. plasmas from rabies-immune vaccine recipients, but not those from nonimmune individuals, enhanced the proliferative response of rabies-reactive t cells to whole inactivated virus or to the purified glycoprotein and nucleocapsid from the rabies virion. rabies-immune plasma also increased the antigen-induced production of gamma interferon by the rabies-specific t-cell lines. expe ... | 1985 | 3877176 |
| biochemical analysis of rabies virus proteins in three persistently infected bhk-21 cell lines. | three bhk-21 cell lines persistently infected with the cvs strain of rabies virus were passaged for 2.5 years at 37 degrees c. these cells contained relatively stable amounts of n, m1 and l proteins. comparison of tryptic peptide maps of proteins from persistently infected (pi) cells and from purified virions did not reveal any changes in the n protein, whereas m1 had undergone several modifications. phosphorylation of m1 seemed to be greater in pi cells than in acutely infected cells, whereas p ... | 1985 | 3881557 |
| demonstration of rabies viral antigen in paraffin tissue sections: comparison of the immunofluorescence technique with the unlabeled antibody enzyme method. | the immunofluorescence technique and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method were used to demonstrate rabies antigen in a retrospective study on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissues from 34 naturally infected wild and domestic animals. rabies was confirmed with immunofluorescent staining on fresh brain tissue at the time of necropsy of the animals. there was a perfect correlation (serial sections from a given brain area were always positive by both methods), but the peroxidase-antiperoxi ... | 1985 | 3882030 |
| on the replication and spread of rabies virus in the human central nervous system. | ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies on the brains of two autopsy cases of human rabies revealed: by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, viral antigens were present in all eosinophilic inclusions detected in formalin fixed paraffin sections. numerous antigenic masses, which apparently corresponded to the matrices and cylindrical particles in neurites revealed by electron microscopy, were present in the neuropil remote from neuronal perikarya. there were virions in the intercellular ... | 1985 | 3882892 |
| [results of using the elisa method in studying tick-borne encephalitis and rabies]. | the results of using the indirect variant of elisa for the study of serum samples from humans and white mice for the presence of antibodies to tick-borne encephalitis virus and rabies virus are presented. the high sensitivity and specificity of this method have been confirmed. | 1985 | 3885648 |
| the mouse neutralization test in comparison with the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test: differences in the results in rabies antibody determinations. | sixteen lots of rabies immune globulin (rig) and six lots of rabies immune horse serum (ris) from different producers were examined for rabies antibody by the standard mouse neutralization test (mnt) and the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (rffit). an equine rabies standard serum was assayed in parallel. in comparisons of ris with this standard the mnt and rffit gave comparable results. in comparisons of rig the antibody values in the mnt was two to ten times higher than that in the rffi ... | 1985 | 3889002 |
| [laboratory diagnosis in rabies]. | 1985 | 3890112 | |
| rabies virus binding at neuromuscular junctions. | morphological, immunocytochemical, biochemical, and immunological techniques have been used to describe rabies virus binding to a sub-cellular unit and molecular complex at the neuromuscular junction (nmj). early after infection in vivo, virus antigen and virus particles were found by immunofluorescence, electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy in regions of high density acetylcholine receptors (achr) at nmjs. one monoclonal antibody (alpha-mab) to the alpha subunit of the achr blocked ... | 1985 | 3890406 |
| pathways of the early propagation of virulent and avirulent rabies strains from the eye to the brain. | penetration of the central nervous system of the adult rat by the cvs strain of rabies virus and its two avirulent derivatives av01 and av02 has been studied by inoculation of the virus into the anterior chamber of the eye. the primary sites of penetration of cvs were (i) the intraocular parasympathetic oculomotor fibers, (ii) the retinopetal fibers of pretectal origin, and (iii) the intraocular fibers of the ophthalmic nerve. the mutant strains, however, lost the capacity to invade the two form ... | 1985 | 3892043 |
| immunoperoxidase cell surface localization of rabies virus antigen in tissue cultures at a low viral multiplicity. | 1985 | 3893349 | |
| antigenic variants of rabies virus in isolates from eastern, central and northern canada. | street rabies virus isolated from 51 specimens from ontario, quebec, manitoba and the northwest territories have been typed by a panel of 36 antinucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies. three main groups were found. the first group comprised those terrestrial mammals originating in ontario, quebec and the northwest territories. the second group was found in terrestrial mammals from manitoba. the third heterogenous group was made up of bats from ontario. | 1985 | 3893660 |
| a rapid quantitative microtest for live, attenuated rabies vaccine. | a rapid fluorescent antigen test (rfat) was developed in microplates to evaluate quantitatively attenuated, live rabies vaccine, era strain, at different stages of vaccine manufacture. this technique is based on the principle of the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (rffit). several samples of bulk rabies vaccine (era strain) were tested in parallel using the rfat and the mouse lethal dose 50 (m-ld50) test, the method currently used to evaluate vaccine potency. although the two tests were ... | 1985 | 3897234 |
| differences in cell-to-cell spread of pathogenic and apathogenic rabies virus in vivo and in vitro. | pathogenic parental rabies virus and apathogenic variant virus were shown to differ in their ability to infect neurons in vivo and neuroblastoma cells in vitro. after intracerebral inoculation, the distribution of infected neurons in the brain was similar for both viruses, but the rate of spread throughout the brain, the number of infected neurons, and the degree of cellular necrosis were much lower in the case of apathogenic virus. after adsorption to mouse neuroblastoma cells, apathogenic viru ... | 1985 | 3897571 |
| production of rabies vaccine by an industrial scale bhk 21 suspension cell culture process. | a process for the production of an inactivated rabies vaccine for animal use is described, whereby the lep flury strain of rabies virus is grown in 1 000 l cultures of bhk 21 suspension-adapted cells. the virus is inactivated with aziridine and, after concentration and purification by hollow fibre ultrafiltration, is adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide gel. the bhk 21 suspension-adapted master cell seed used has satisfied all the requirements of the us code of federal regulations, title 9, (1977) f ... | 1985 | 3899780 |