Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| infection of neonates and infants with the hepatitis b virus. | 1975 | 1197763 | |
| detection of antibody to hepatitis bs-antigen in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis as measured by a modified procedure of the radioimmunoassay ausria i 125. | a simple modification of the radioimmunoassay ausria i 125 was employed for detecting anti-hbs using the inhibition of a constant amount of hbs ag. anti-hbs was demonstrated in up to 82% of follow-up patients recovering from viral hepatitis b and in 79% of hemophilia patients. the antibody was found in 3.4% of healthy blood donors and in 10% of family contacts of patients with acute hbs ag-positive viral hepatitis. the frequency of anti-hbs in 44 patients with hbs ag-negative chronic aggressive ... | 1975 | 1199021 |
| epidemic hepatitis b: a sustained outbreak in a large military population. | a sustained outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred at an army base in texas between january 1971 and june 1973. seven hundred ninety-two admissions but no deaths were recorded in a military population of 35,000. cases were sporadic, with highest attack rates in low-ranking soldiers with disciplinary problems. twenty-nine per cent of patients had histories of intravenous drug use within six months prior to hospitalization; most of the rest had close personal contact with jaundiced persons. of 505 ... | 1975 | 1202956 |
| hepatitis b core antigen and antibody. | two distinct antigen-antibody systems are associated with the hepatitis b virus: the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag, australia antigen) and antibody (anti-hbs) and the recently characterized hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag) and antibody (anti-hbc, anti-core). hbsag is found in the serum of patients acutely or chronically infected with the hepatitis b virus (hbv) and is represented on electron microscopy of such serum as 20 nm spherical and tubular structures and as the surface component of t ... | 1975 | 1204955 |
| purification and characterization of the 'core' particles and their potential diagnostic use. | the basis of the postulated correlation between 'core' particles and 'dane' particles, of their different localization in the hepatocyte and of the different relationships is the mechanism of replication of the infecting material, interesting diagnostic possibilities appear evident in the hepatitis b field. anti-core antibodies would be alone present in the serum of the hepatitic patient, in the acute or convalescent stage, whilst in the serum of the polytransfused patient they would appear in a ... | 1975 | 1204956 |
| core antibodies and other parameters of hepatitis b virus infection in a tropical population. | hbsag (80% of ay subtype) was detected with radioimmunoassay in 10% of a sample of the healthy population in mopti, mali, and in 6% with counterelectrophoresis. anti-hbs was detected in approximately 57% of adults, and anti-hbc in 50%. anti-hbs was not always detectable in anti-hbc positive sera with the methods used, and vice versa. this accounted for up to 85% of an adult group showing anti-hbs, anti-hbc, or both. while anti-hbc percentages climbed more gradually with age, and 'adult' percenta ... | 1975 | 1204958 |
| [culture of hepatitis virus b]. | for the last 25 years, numerous attempts have been made to isolate the hbv agent responsible for hepatitis b by means of cultures 'in vitro'. we have undertaken longterm cultures of children's hepatic tissue (c.h.), conjunctive tissue (human adult h.a.f. and human embryonic fibroblasts h.e.f.) and kb cells; these were put in the presence of 7 sera hb + rich in dane particles. these cells were trypsinized twice a week for almost 3 months and did not present any cytopathogenic effects. electromicr ... | 1975 | 1204959 |
| dna and dna polymerase of a virus-like particle in hepatitis b. | one of the particulate forms bearing hepatitis b antigen in human blood, the 42 nm dane particle, has been shown to contain a small circular-stranded dna with a molecular weight round 1.6 x 10(6) daltons and a dna polymerase. the circular dna functions as a primer-template for the dna polymerase. the circular dna, the dna polymerase and the dna product of the enzyme reaction appear to be internal components of the 28 nm core of the dane particle. dane particle cores labeled with h3 in a dna poly ... | 1975 | 1204960 |
| immunogenetic factors in thalassemia and hepatitis b infection. a multicentre study. | geographical variations in the prevalence of hepatitis b infection were found in association with an increased opportunity of exposure to this virus in patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia in cyprus, greece, sardinia and the united kingdom. no association was found between the gm phenotype of the individuals investigated and susceptibility to hepatitis b virus using hbsag as a marker, or the ability to make antibody to it. variation in the distribution of gm haplotypes does not appear to be ... | 1975 | 1204962 |
| epidemiological distribution and significance of anti-hbs. | hbsag and anti-hbs neutralizing antibodies were quantitatively detected and typed by solid-phase ria procedures in various random populations and in commercial lots of standard immunoglobulins. the prevalence of anti-hbs was considerably higher than prevalence of hbsag, and the specificities of hbsag and anti-hbs overlapped within the single groups of population. the results obtained provided evidence that hepatitis b virus infections are wide-spread, particularly in communities, and that the di ... | 1975 | 1204968 |
| specific immunotherapy proposed for hepatitis b virus infection. | immune response to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), coinciding with removal of hbsag from the circulation, has been shown to be a cell-mediated response assessed by leukocyte migration inhibition assay. immune response to hbsag is a t-cell dependent phenomenon in the nude mouse model. immunological tolerance in man appears to stem from the absence of cellular and humoral immune response to hbsag, causing a chronic carrier state which serves as an epidemiological reservior for the transmissio ... | 1975 | 1204970 |
| viral hepatitis type b: propects for active immunization. | studies conducted in 1970 and 1971 with heat-inactivated ms-2 serum revealed that this active immunizing procedure was associated with a protective effect, a more attenuated hepatitis b infection and a decreased hepatitis b carrier rate. more recent studies have revealed striking differences in the response of unimmunized and immunized persons following a parenteral exposure to the ms-2 strain of hepatitis b virus. serial tests for the detection of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), dna polyme ... | 1975 | 1204971 |
| some considerations regarding active immunization with hbsag. | krugman has demonstrated that injection of heated serum containing hbsag conferred some protection against subsequent challenge with live hepatitis b virus (hbv). it is likely that improved protection will result from injections for larger quantities of hbsag. this can be readily done with purified antigen. we have carried out preliminary studies in mice to investigate the inactivation kinetics of hbsag antigenicity and immunogenicity. rates of inactivation of the two parameters by heat have bee ... | 1975 | 1204972 |
| proceedings: transient lymphocyte-mediated hepatotoxicity in acute viral hepatitis. | 1975 | 1205312 | |
| proceedings: hepatitis b and the new "e" antigen. | 1975 | 1206694 | |
| [intranuclear particles in a patient with chronic aggressive hepatitis treated by immunosuppression]. | after an acute hbsag-positive transfusion hepatitis the patient--a 40 years old women--remained seropositive. later a chronic aggressive hepatitis have developed, which could be evidenced by histological findings. on the electron microphage in the nucleus of liver cells ring-shaped particules 20--25 nm in diameter were revealed. they consisted of granula 2--3 nm in diameter. these particules are considered to represent so called virus-nuclei (core of the virus b of hepatitis) and to play a patho ... | 1975 | 1207692 |
| [non-parenteral infection with hepatitis b virus in families of patients with chronic asymptomatic hb antigenemia. epidemiological and clinical aspects]. | 1975 | 1208213 | |
| [distribution of hepatitis b antigen in cordoba, argentina]. | this article presents the results obtained in the search for the hepatitis b antigen by the counter-immunoelectrophoresis technique in sera of more than 50.000 persons from córdoba, argentina. groups of voluntary blood donors, general population, 20 years old army recruits, patients, with acute hepatitis and patients admitted to a hospital due to other diseases were included in this study. in the apparenly healthy population the positivity of the test ranged between 0.33 to 0.53 percent; the hig ... | 1975 | 1208895 |
| biochemical characterization of australia antigen. evidence for defective particles of hepatitis b virus. | australia antigen exists in the sera of chronic carriers in several particulate forms, one of which may represent the virion of hepatitis b. this report describes the existence of subpopulations of these 43-nm particles, the dane particles, on the basis of the staining properties of their internal cores and banding characteristics in cesium chloride (cscl) density gradients. these data suggested that only a minor proportion of dane particles contained an intact viral genome and represent the sta ... | 1975 | 1211425 |
| [detection of components of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) in hepatocytes]. | in fifty cases of hepatic processes, concominant with serological positivity to the so-called "australian antigen", positivity was demonstrated, by biopsy in 53 per cent of cases and by necropsy in 44 per cent of cases, by way of orceine dyeing according to shikata, and the results were better when due to formaldehyde rather than glutaraldehyde fixation. an electronoptical correlate of hbsag formed microtubular and filamentous structures only partly connected with the smooth endoplasmatic reticu ... | 1975 | 1212707 |
| sources of hepatitis b virus infection in hospital environment. | investigations on the incidence of hepatitis b antigen (hb ag)-carriers among 1466 patients of 11 various hospitals and departments showed that sources of hepatitis infection were more numerous in hospitals for children than in those for adults. the high-risk departments were those of dialysis (5 out of 12 patients), clinical medicine (6.6%), and obstetrics and gynecology, for adults, and those of neuropsychiatry (17.9%) and clinical medicine (11.2%)for children . the highest incidence of hb ag- ... | 1975 | 1216691 |
| [isolation of australia antigen in patients with leprosy]. | 1975 | 1217160 | |
| [frequency of antigen associated to hepatitis due to virus b (hbag) and of antibody (hbac) in healthy subjects and during of course of acute and chronic hepatitis. radioimmunologic study]. | among the several methods employed for the detection of hepatitis b antigen (hbag) and hepatitis b antibody (hbab), radioimmunoassay is considered to be the most sensitive and specific. this paper describes a radioimmunoprecipitation test (rip) for hbag and hbab standardized in our laboratory; it consists of a double-antibody precipitation test in a micro-titer system employing 125i-labeled hbag. the test is compared with double immunodiffusion (id) and with counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cep) in ... | 1975 | 1223946 |
| [radioimmunoquantization of the hbag in clinical liver diseases]. | the two-step direct radioimmune test ria used to detect hepatitis b virus associated antigen (hbsag) appeared to be more sensitive than other immunologic assays. ria demonstrated as hbsag positive 90% of 20 patients with posttransfusion hepatitis; 88% of 50 patients with acute viral hepatitis; 100% of 13 patients with chronic active hepatitis and 35% of 20 patients with cirrhosis; on the other hand with positivity for hbsag in the same patients appeared to be lower by agd, ciep and cf. the quant ... | 1975 | 1223948 |
| [new pathogenetic aspects of hepatitis b in relation to finding hbag inhibitor in the intestinal mucosa and human feces]. | hepatitis b antigen (hbag) positive sera became negative after in vitro incubation with homogenates of human faeces or intestinal mucosa. this was found to occur in all sera tested by various methods. these findings suggest the existence in the human intestine of a substance able to inactivate the hbag and that it is not an antibody or of the nature of interferon. the presence of an inhibitor could explain why b-type hepatitis is seldom if ever faecally transmitted and also the low oral infectio ... | 1975 | 1223951 |
| [geographical differences in the incidence of australia antigen in chronic liver diseases]. | in order to evaluate the role of the australia antigen and of the many other factors commonly invoked in the etiology of chronic liver diseases a series of study have been performed by radioimmunoassay on: a group of blood donors who showed persistent antigenemia and two groups of patients with chronic hepatitis who were studied respectively at brescia general hospital and at the departement of internal medicine of the university of naples. the results were as it follows: 1) liver damage, from m ... | 1975 | 1223953 |
| [qualitative and quantitative radioimmunologic determination of antibodies against hepatitis b surface antigen in hospital personnel]. | 1975 | 1226961 | |
| [hbsag and anti-hbs in chronic, inflammatory liver diseases]. | 1975 | 1226967 | |
| [prevention of serum hepatitis in children]. | 1975 | 1228683 | |
| [application of a reversed passive hemagglutination test to the detection of hbs antigen]. | in this report we present an evaluation of the sensitivity, specificity and ability to detect hbs ag carriers of a new reversed passive hemagglutination test, using immunochemically purified chimpanzee anti hbs bound to stabilized human erythrocytes. the method was shown to have a sensitivity equal (within one two fold dilution) to that of the ausria i 125 ratio immuno assay, and in a double blind comparison detected essentially the same number of hbs ag containing specimens among volunteer bloo ... | 1975 | 1228847 |
| [certain problems of prevention of viral serum hepatitis]. | 1975 | 1230566 | |
| [study on the hepatitis-b virus surface anti-antigen antibody using a radioimmunologic method in solid phase and using passive hemagglutination]. | 1975 | 1231840 | |
| hbc and hbs antigen in hepatocytes. | the relationship between the electron microscopical structures and the immunofluorescent appearance of hb antigen found in the hepatocytes of patients with hb antigenemia was carefully studied, with the purpose to clarify the nature of those structures. the nuclei of hepatocytes, containing numerous virus-like particles, showed positive immunoflourescence by antiserum against the core of dane particles. the areas in which filamentous structures were observed in the cisternae of endoplasmic retic ... | 1975 | 1234097 |
| hbs-ag, hbc-ag and virus-like particles in liver tissue. | hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs-ag) and hepatitis b core antigen (hbc-ag) in hepatic tissue of 3 cases with various liver diseases were investigated by immunofluorescent method. virus-like particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy in the nuclei of these 3 cases. the localization of hbs-ag was restricted in cytoplasma or on the surface of hepatocyte, while hbc-ag was almost in the hepatocytic nuclei. however, there was unexplainable discrepancy between the distribution of hbs-ag and tha ... | 1975 | 1234098 |
| immunologic mechanisms in hepatitis b assayed by antigen-binding lymphocytes. | immune mechanisms in hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection were investigated in 16 persons with and without hepatitis using tests for hbs ag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc and 125i-labeled hbs ag binding lymphocytes (abl) in peripheral blood. anti-hbc, which is an evidence of a recent or current hbv infection, was detected in all hbs ag positive sera. high counts of abl correlated with the presence of anti-hbs in serum but not with anti-hbc or with hbs ag. in patients with chronic hepatitis, and in asymptomati ... | 1975 | 1235466 |
| vertical transmission of the hepatitis b surface antigen. | vertical transmission implies transmission of the hepatitis b virus from mother to infant. this occurs with great frequency (70 to 100 per cent) when the mother has acute hepatitis b near delivery. studies indicate that transmission may occur transplacentally or during the birth process, once infected, the infants apparently remain hepatitis b surface antigen carriers with persistent hepatitis indefinitely; the rate of transmission of the hepatitis b surface antigen from asymptomatic carrier mot ... | 1975 | 1235469 |
| natural history of viral hepatitis in greenland. | epidemiological data indicate that endemic hepatitis in greenland is immunologically different from hepatitis type a occurring in large epidemics. the endemic type is characterized by sporadicity, a high incidence in urban areas, and predominance of adult cases indicative of a hepatitis b virus (hbv) etiology. the distribution of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in the healthy population suggests the existence of a hyperendemicity of hbv in some rural areas showing few overt hepatitis cases b ... | 1975 | 1235471 |
| hbc ag, anti-hbc, and dna polymerase activity in transfused recipients followed prospectively. | hepatitis b core antigen, antibody to core antigen, and dna polymerase activity were measured in sera from a select group of post-transfusion hepatitis b patients who had been followed prospectively following blood transfusion. preliminary results of this study have revealed (1) that ria testing of blood would not eliminate but would reduce post-transfusion hepatitis b infections by about 50 per cent; (2) that infection with hb virus is modified or aborted in the presence of pre-existing antibod ... | 1975 | 1235476 |
| viral hepatitis type b: prospects for active immunization. | studies with heat-activated serum containing hepatitis b virus (ms2 strain) revealed 1) it was not infectious, 2) it was antigenic and 3) it was protectie. acitve immunization with this preparation was associated with the detection of antibody to the hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) and no detectable core antibody (anti-hbc). in addition, various investigators have prepared a synthetic hepatitis b peptide vaccine, these findings indicate that it should be feasible to develop an inactivated ... | 1975 | 1235480 |
| [studies on the infection of hbv between mothers and children (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1237651 | |
| the epidemiology of hepatitis b antigen and antibody among panamanian cuna indians. | previous studies of hepatitis b antigen (hbsag) and antibody to it (anti-hbs) showed widely differing exposures between panamanian indian tribes. cuna indians living on islands appeared infrequently exposed to hbsag; we found no one antigenemic and low age specific anti-hbs rates. in contrast, mainland dwelling guaymi and chocó indians had a high prevalence of anti-hbs. we have now measured hbsag by counterelectrophoresis and anti-hbs by radioimmunoassay in two cuna indian groups who live in the ... | 1975 | 1238027 |
| [mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis b virus. report of a case and review of the literature (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1241657 | |
| immunofluorescent localization of hepatitis b antigens in chimpanzee tissues. | three chimpanzee chronic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) were examined by immunofluorescent techniques to determine the localization of hbs ag and hepatitis b core antigen (hbc ag) in their tissues. all specimens were quick-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70degrees until sectioned. frozen sections were prepared and stained for examination by fluorescent microscopy. for staining, anti-hbs and anti-hbc labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate were used. hbs ag was found in ... | 1975 | 791892 |
| experimental studies on environmental contamination with infected blood during haemodialysis. | to assess the relative importance of different postulated modes of spread of hepatitis b in dialysis units, blood charged with various tracer organisms was used in simulated haemodialysis runs in four laboratories, and the resulting contamination of equipment and environment was measured semi-quantitatively. some airborne spread of the tracer organism occurred when tubing containing contaminated blood was needled as the "patient" went on and came off the dialyser. virtually no small airborne par ... | 1975 | 1054057 |
| type b hepatitis bad news for the dentist. | 1975 | 1055119 | |
| genome of hepatitis b virus: restriction enzyme cleavage and structure of dna extracted from dane particles. | dna extracted from dane particles has been characterized by gel electrophoresis and restriction enzyme cleavage with endonuclease r-haeiii (from hemophilus aegyptius). dane particle dna is proposed to be a double-stranded circular dna approximately 3600 nucleotides in length containing a single-stranded gap of 600-2100 nucleotides. the endogenous dna polymerase (dna nucleotidyl-transferase; deoxynucleosidetriphosphate:dna deoxynucleotidyltransferase; ec 2.7.7.7) reaction appears to repair this s ... | 1975 | 1060140 |
| cell-mediated immune reactivity to hepatitis b surface antigen in liver diseases. | the cellular immune reactivity to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was studied in patients with liver diseases using a purified preparation of hbsag and the leukocyte-migration agarose test. inhibition of leukocyte migration by hbsag was found in all 9 patients in the acute phase of viral hepatitis but not during convalescence. hbsag inhibited migration of leukocytes in only 1 of 15 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, in none of 16 with chronic periportal hepatitis, and in 2 of 21 wit ... | 1975 | 1080122 |
| cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis b surface antigen in blood donors with persistent antigenaemia. | cellular immunity to the hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and a liver-specific lipoprotein was studied, using the leucocyte migration test, in 38 asymptomatic blood donors found to have hbsag in the serum. sensitization to hbsag was found in 26% and was related to the presence of liver damage, being detected in 47% of those with elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase but in only 13% with normal enzyme levels. the frequency of sensitization to this antigen in those with chronic persistent o ... | 1975 | 1080125 |
| editorial: after type b hepatitis. | 1975 | 1081418 | |
| immunopathology of hepatitis b antigen positive and negative active chronic hepatitis. | evidence is presented to suggest that an auto-immune response to a liver-specific lipoprotein antigen on the surface of hepatocytes is responsible for the progressive liver damage in active chronic hepatitis, and that in many cases infection with the hepatitis b virus is important in the initiation of the disease process. b cells appear to play a major role in the auto-immune response and may be activated by t cells reacting with viral antigens on the surface of infected hepatocytes. a postulate ... | 1975 | 1081961 |
| autoimmune factors in african cirrhosis. correlation with hepatitis b surface antigen and antibody. | sera were tested for autoantibodies in 98 patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis in uganda and results correlated with serological tests for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) and antibody to hbs ag (hbs ab). smooth muscle antibodies (sma) were detected in 23 (24%) of the patients but there was no difference in the incidence of sma between hbs ag-positive and negative cases. antinuclear antibodies (ana) were detected in five cases; mitochondrial, gastric and thyroid antibodies were not found in a ... | 1975 | 1083141 |
| immunological aspects of hepatitis b virus infection. | infection of man and chimpanzees with the hepatitis b virus (hbv) is associated with diffuse hepatocellular infection and variable manifestations of disease which may not only reflect the character of the host immune response, but also depend upon differences in the cellular biology of this minimally cytopathic or noncytopathic agent. the presence of hepatocellular injury and the course of disease do not appear to be related to the presence of viral antigens in hepatocytes or to the specific pat ... | 1975 | 799469 |
| [presence of antigen associated with hepatitis b in saliva of patients with acute viral hepatitis, in "healthy carriers" and in mentally retarded children. part 2]. | 1976 | 801434 | |
| mechanisms responsible for defective human t-lymphocyte sheep erythrocyte rosette function associated with hepatitis b virus infections. | the expression of selected lymphocyte surface-membrane markers was evaluated in 37 patients with acute viral hepatitis b, 10 of whom were studied serially through the resolving and convalescent phases of disease. bone marrow-derived (b) lymphocytes were identified by reference to surface immunoglobulin, whereas normal thymus-derived (t) lymphocytes were assayed by their capacity to form spontaneous nonimmune rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (e rosettes, er). during the acute and resolving phases ... | 1976 | 1083396 |
| t-lymphocyte number and function and the course of hepatitis b in hemodialysis patients. | to study the relation between general cellular immunity and the course of hepatitis b within a group of chronic hemodialysis patients, t-lymphocyte number and function were investigated in 13 persistently hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)-positive patients, in 32 hbsag-negative patients, and in 11 patients who had recovered from hepatitis b and compared with that of 21 age-matched controls. phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte stimulation in vitro and the number of circulating t-cells in the ... | 1976 | 1086288 |
| type b and non-b viral hepatitis in jerusalem. | in a two-year survey of adult patients hospitalized with acute viral hepatitis in jerusalem, 27% were reactive for the hepatitis b surface antigen (hb(s)ag) by radioimmunoassay and therefore diagnosed as having hepatitis b. the majority of patients (73%) were non-reactive for hb(s)ag and their diagnosis was non-b hepatitis ("type unspecifiable"). thirty-one per cent of patients with hepatitis b and only 5% of patients with non-b hepatitis had histories consistent with parenteral transmission of ... | 1976 | 1088102 |
| [immunology of viral hepatitis and its complications]. | 1976 | 1088493 | |
| study design for a hepatitis b vaccine trial. | a short-time trial of small sample size for an evaluation of the hepatitis b vaccine is proposed and designed. the vaccine is based on the premise that antibody to the surface antigen of the hepatitis b virus is protective against viral infection. this premise is verified by using the presence of the surface antigen as the marker of infection and comparing infection rates in renal dialysis patients who had naturally acquired antibody to patients without antibody. patients with antibody have an e ... | 1976 | 1062809 |
| hepatitis b in australian aborigines and torres strait islanders: georgraphical, age and familial distribution of antigen subtypes and antibody. | hepatitis b antigen of subtype ay is prevalent in australian aboriginal populations, but only subtype ad was found in torres strait islanders. both subtypes were found in caucasion hepatitis patients and blood donors from brisbane. antigenaemia in aborigines was more prevalent in northern territory than in queensland, and in males in all areas, but different age distributions were found in queensland (maximal over 30 years) and northern territory (maximal under 30 years). family clustering was s ... | 1976 | 1067808 |
| [hepatitis-b-surface-antibodies (detection, incidence, clinical importance)]. | the ausria 2 test has been modified for hbs antibody detection. this technique is about 7 to 8 dilution steps more sensitive for antibody detection than the ipe. using this modified radioimmunological technique investigations have been carried out on blood donors, patients with acute and chronic liver disease and on haemophiliacs. an hbs antibody incidence of 11% was found among voluntary blood donors. intensive clinical investigation of blood donors positive for hbs antibodies by ipe demonstrat ... | 1976 | 1069404 |
| [classification and infectiousness of chronic hepatitis b, defined by the dane particle in the blood and virus components in the liver]. | 55 hbag seropositive patients with chronic hepatitis b selected from a total of 217 liver biopsies were studied for the presence of hbcag and hbsag in the liver tissue and of dane particles in blood by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. among 27 patients with non-aggressive chronic inflammation the following constellations were found: a) 19 patients (13 with nonspecific reactive hepatitis, 6 with chronic persistent hepatitis) had isolated hbsag expression in the tissue (hbs type) and of ... | 1976 | 792997 |
| hepatitis b infections in renal transplantied patients. | multiple serum samples collected from ten renal transplanted patients were examined by means of radioimmunoassay procedures in order to check and quantitate both hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs ag) and antibody to it (anti-hbs). the anticomplementary activity of serum, levels of serum immunoglobulins and other laboratory parameters were also tested and related to the clinical followup of patients in the pre- and post-operative period, during which they underwent immunosuppressive treatment with ... | 1976 | 798598 |
| the clinical problem of hepatitis transmission;. | although blood banks in this country have been testing every unit of blood for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) by one of the highly sensitive "third generation" methods (radioimmunoassay or reversed passive hemagglutination) since september, 1975, post-transfusion hepatitis (pth) still remains the major hazard to patients who require transfusion with blood and blood products. since there may be an interval of many months between transfusion and onset of pth and many cases are subclinical, th ... | 1976 | 799307 |
| letter: virus-like particles in hbsag-positive-chronic aggressive hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. | 1976 | 1245280 | |
| [autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis and chronic glomerulonephritis in children infected with hepatitis b virus]. | 1976 | 1246473 | |
| [the recently detected systems of antigens and antibodies associated with hepatitis (author's transl)]. | 1976 | 1253218 | |
| [detection of hbsag in cerebrospinal fluid by means of a radioimmunoassay technique (author's transl)]. | hbsag was demonstrated radioimmunologically in cerebrospinal fluid in 7 out of 11 seropositive children with acute viral hepatitis b (1/2), fulminant viral hepatitis (0/1), chronic active hepatitis (2/4), chronic persistent hepatitis (1/1), cirrhosis (1/1), and asymptomatic carrier status (2/2). counterelectrophoresis and complement fixation test lacked the necessary sensitivity to detect the antigen even in patients with high serum concentrations. the pass over of the cerebrospinal barrier appe ... | 1976 | 1254317 |
| hepatitis b virus infection in the wiskott-aldrich syndrome. | testing of paired serum samples of 12 children with the wiskott-aldrich syndrome for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) antibody to hb, ag, and antibody to the hepatitis b core antigen revealed evidence of hepatitis b virus infection in three. none of the three, however, developed overt clinical hepatitis or the chronic hbsag carrier state. these data suggest that the immunologic defects seen in the wiskott-aldrich syndrome permit adequate immune responses to the hepatitis b vir ... | 1976 | 1255311 |
| [prevention of hepatitis b]. | 1976 | 1256162 | |
| hepatitis b virus and hepatitis b surface antigen in human albumin products. | a collection of 1,985 lots of normal serum albumin (nsa) and 1,361 lots of plasma protein fraction (ppf) prepared between 1958 and 1974 were tested for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). twenty-one percent of nsa lots and 71 per cent of ppf lots were hbsag-positive by radioimmunoassay. there was considerable variation in frequency of hbsag-positive lots among the 17 different manufacturers of nsa and the six manufacturers of ppf. in general, those lots prepared from volunteer ... | 1976 | 1258115 |
| an outbreak of type b hepatitis associated with transfusion of plasma protein fraction. | an outbreak of type b hepatitis followed transfusion with a single lot of plasma protein fraction (ppf) at a 1200-bed hospital in june and july 1973. of 51 recipients of the product, 31 were available as a study population and 19 (61%) had an illness compatible with hepatitis. epidemiologic and serologic investigations provided firm evidence that this material was the vehicle for transmission of disease to its recipients. recipients of four other ppf lots from the same manufacturer were studied. ... | 1976 | 1258864 |
| [prevention of hbs antigen-positive serum hepatitis with hyperimmune-globulin anti-hbs]. | selection of donors to prevent hbs-antigen positive serum hepatitis has been only partially successful. for this reason the attempt was made to prevent the disease by passive immunisation with anti-hbs antibodies. a prerequisite for the systematic use of such immunisation is the determination of antibody threshold which would still provide protection. plasma elimination of transmitted. hbs antibodies was serially measured in five children with terminal renal failure and ten normal subjects after ... | 1976 | 1261399 |
| cellular immunity in type b viral hepatitis. | 1976 | 1263582 | |
| lack of an autosomal recessive genetic influence in vertical transmission of hepatitis b antigen. | 1976 | 1264244 | |
| [proceedings: hb-ag inviral hepatitis patients]. | 1976 | 1266176 | |
| adsorption of hepatitis b surface antigen to matrix-boudn long chain hydrocarbon structures. | the binding of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) to various matrix bound long-chain hydrocarbon structures has been studied. it was found that hbsag was strongly bound to straight hydrocarbon chains with more than seven carbon atoms. the adsorbents can probably be used for removal and/or detection of hepatitis b infectious material. | 1976 | 1269645 |
| hepatitis b antigen (hbsag) and/or antibodies (anti-hbs and anti-hbc) in fulminant hepatitis: pathogenic and prognostic significance. | hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and antibodies to both the surface and core antigens of the hepatitis b virus (anti-hbs and anti-hbc) have been studied in 64 consecutive cases of fulminant hepatitis. hbsag was detected by counterelectrophoresis in 23 (35-9%) but by radioimmunoassay in 38 (59-3%). anti-hbs was detected by passive haemagglutination in 26 (40-6%), coexisting hbsag and anti-hbs were found in 16 cases (25%). using an indirect immunofluorescence technique, anti-hbc was found in al ... | 1976 | 1269974 |
| editorial: hepatitis b. | 1976 | 1272221 | |
| genetic mimicry by hepatitis b virus. | 1976 | 1272404 | |
| hepatitis b in retreat from dialysis units in united kingdom in 1973. public health laboratory service survey. | a prospective study of hepatitis in over two-thirds of the dialysis units in the united kingdom has continued since 1968. after the introduction of a control and preventive programme in 1970 there was a sustained decline in the incidence of hepatitis b to the low level of 0-3% among patients and 0-1% among staff in 1973--a greater than tenfold decrease in four years. comparisons with data from other countries suggest that the almost complete elimination of hepatitis b from dialysis units in the ... | 1976 | 1276774 |
| [attempts to culture hepatitis b virus on human fetal hepatocytes: preliminary results]. | foetal human hepatocytes have been maintained in prolonged culture and inoculated with two pools of hbs ag positive sera. these two pools differed from each other by the presence or the absence of dane particles. the cultures were examined during 8 weeks. hbs ag did not appear in the culture medium. however, it may be revealed inconstantly and fugaciously by ultasonic lysis of cells infected by sera containing dane particles. in the cell debris, 27 nm nucleocapsides of hbc specificity are observ ... | 1976 | 816528 |
| development and chimpanzee testing of a vaccine against human hepatitis b. | highly purified hepatitis b virus surface antigen (australia antigen) purified by physical and chemical procedures from infected human plasma was used to prepare hepatitis b vaccine. the purified antigen was treated with formalin and the vaccine was tested exhaustively for safety by ordinary procedures and additionally in marmosets (for live hepatitis b virus). the vaccine was highly potent, inducing antibody in guinea pigs, grivet monkeys, and chimpanzees given three doses of vaccine containing ... | 1976 | 817293 |
| association of dane particles with e antigen in the serum of asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen. | asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) were surveyed for serum e antigen (e ag) and antibody to e (anti-e) by immunodiffusion. seventeen serum samples containing e ag and 17 containing anti-e, but with similar hbsag titers, were tested for the presence of hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag) by means of immune adherence hemagglutination method. hbcag activity was detected in all of the samples containing e ag, and the titer of hbcag paralleled that of hbsag in each serum. in re ... | 1976 | 819577 |
| vaccine against human hepatitis b. | a highly purified and inactivated vaccine was made of hepatitis b virus surface antigen. the vaccine was tested exhaustively for safety by ordinary procedures and additionally in chimpanzees and marmosets. it was highly potent and induced antibody in guinea pigs, grivet monkeys, and chimpanzees after three doses of vaccine were given subcutaneously. chimpanzees given three doses of vaccine were protected against challenge with 1,000 chimpanzee-infectious doses of live human hepatitis b virus giv ... | 1976 | 819667 |
| viral hepatitis, type b. | 1976 | 822594 | |
| [familial transmission of hepatitis b virus]. | 1976 | 824389 | |
| the liver and the antigens of hepatitis b. | a decade ago an antigen was identified by immunodiffusion and subsequently proved to be closely associated with hepatitis b virus. further studies showed that hepatitis b virus circulates as a large particle containing a protein coat and a dna core, and that excess coat particles are produced and circulate freely. immunization with surface protein produced protective antibodies, and this led to the development of a prototype vaccine. patients with hepatitis may develop a variety of extrahepatic ... | 1976 | 788584 |
| 1976 nobel prize winner in physiology or medicine: discoveries of new factors for etiology and distribution of infectious diseases]. | 1976 | 790054 | |
| the virus of hepatitis, type b. (second of two parts). | 1976 | 790185 | |
| hepatitis b surface antigen in saliva, impetiginous lesions, and the environment in two remote alaskan villages. | a study was conducted in an area of hepatitis b hyperendemicity to determin whether contact with infective bodily secretions or contaminated environmental surfaces could be involved in the transmission of the hepatitis b virus. hepatitis b surface antigen was detected in gingival swab, saliva, and impetiginous lesion exudate samples from children. hepatitis b surface antigen also was found in swab samples of surfaces frequently touched or placed in the mouth. in the absence of classical exposure ... | 1976 | 791124 |
| transmission of hepatitis type b from healthy hbsag-positive mothers. | seventeen mothers, all apparently healthy carriers of hepatitis-b surface antigen (hbsag) during pregnancy, and their children were studied for four to five years to determine the transmission rate of hepatitis-b virus infection. all the mothers had antibody against hepatitis-b core antigen in addition to hbsag. one of them, a renal transplant recipient, was persistently positive for hepatitis-b-associated e antigen (hbeag), while the remaining 16, who were detected during screening of healthy p ... | 1976 | 764911 |
| evidence for the multiplication of hepatitis b virus in "oval cell" culture originated from human embryonic liver. | growth conditions fof human oval cells (immature hepatocytes),evidence of hepatitis b (hb) antigen synthesis in oval cells as revealed by immunofluorescent staining and successful passage of such an agent in the culture fluid up to the 4th passage are described. the results have been proved to be readily reproducible with different inocula. the oval cells used in these experiments were defined as small round cells, with scant cytoplasm, vesicular nuclei and small nucleoli, vitally stained with i ... | 1976 | 773401 |
| hepatitis b: nature of the virus and prospects for vaccine development. | 1976 | 775545 | |
| comparison of prothrombin complex concentrate and vitamin k1 in oral anticoagulant reversal. | a randomised clinical trial was undertaken to compare the value of a factor ii, ix, and x concentrate (prothromplex) with intravenous vitamin k1 (2-5 mg) in reversing an overdose of oral anticoagulants. rapid partial correction of the prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and the clotting factor assays were observed with the concentrate, but these changes were not always sustained. in contrast vitamin k1 did not show any great effect at two hours but at 24 hours there was always over-co ... | 1976 | 776348 |
| precursor lesions for liver cancer in humans. | our knowledge of the cellular changes that lead to liver cell carcinoma in humans is limited by proper and necessary ethical restriction on clinical research. we know rather more about risk factors, the most important of which is cirrhosis, it seems that both the causative agent and the time of duration of the cirrhotic process are relevent to the magnitude of this risk. according to present knowledge, alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, alcoholism, naturally occurring carcinogens, drugs, and the hep ... | 1976 | 776394 |
| sanded nuclei in hepatitis b: eosinophilic inclusions in liver cell nuclei due to excess in hepatitis b core antigen formation. | in confirmation of earlier descriptions by huang et al. (huang s-n, millman i, o'connell a, aronoff a, gault h, blumberg bs: am j pathol 67: 453, 1972) nuclear eosinophilic inclusions due to excess hbcag particles have been identified in cases of chronic hepatitis b virus infection. as the euchromatin space of affected nuclei is "sanded" by numerous core particles with concomitant dissolution of the chromatin network, spiky, finely granular, and eosinophilic inclusions without a limiting membran ... | 1976 | 781402 |
| viral type a and type b hepatitis: morphology, biology, immunology and epidemiology--a review. | viral hepatitis is one of the most serious infectious diseases in the united states and is of great concern to the public health agencies, hospitals and research laboratories. progress in our knowledge of this disease has been based on cooperation between specialists in many diverse scientific disciplines employing sophisticated scientific instruments and technics. close cooperation between clinical pathologists and clinicians is of great importance in diagnosis. biologic, immunologic, epidemiol ... | 1976 | 218439 |
| [the relation of infection with the hepatitis b-agent to primary hepatic carcinoma (author's transl)]. | in asia, africa and other tropical areas primary hepatic carcinoma (phc) is associated with liver cirrhosis of the post-necrotic (macronodular) type. chronic viral hepatitis is likely to be the cause of this cirrhosis in many patients from regions where chronic infection with the hepatitis b virus (hbv) is common. more than 95% of patients with hepatoma (in mali and senegal) have evidence of infection with hbv, a much higher frequency than in controls. thirty-nine of 62 phc patients had hepatiti ... | 1976 | 190499 |
| a prospective study of acute viral hepatitis with particular reference to hepatitis a. | in order to investigate the relationship of hepatitis a antigen to viral hepatitis, a prospective study was carried out on 97 patients admitted to fairfield hospital, melbourne, with suspected viral hepatitis, and 3 of their family contacts. evidence of infection with hepatitis a virus was obtained by detecting hepatitis a antigen in stools, and/or antibody to it in sera, by immune electron microscopy. infection with hepatitis b virus was determined by testing for hepatitis b surface antigen and ... | 1976 | 191207 |
| infectious particles in hepatitis. | 1976 | 180873 |