Publications

expression, purification, and structural prediction of the ets transcription factor erm.	the pea3 group within the ets family comprises pea3, er81, and erm, three transcription factors of about 500 residues. these factors are highly conserved in their ets dna-binding domain and in their two transcriptional activation domains. they are involved in many developmental processes and regulate cancer development via metastasis, as in the case of some breast tumors. here, we describe the oversynthesis of human erm from a baculovirus expression vector in spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells, a ...	2006	16730909
isolation, identification, synthesis, and field evaluation of the sex pheromone of the brazilian population of spodoptera frugiperda.	several studies have shown intraspecific geographical variation in the composition of sex pheromones. pheromone lures from north america and europe were not effective against the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (smith, 1797) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in brazil, so we examined the composition of the sex pheromone produced by females from brazilian populations. virgin female gland extracts contained (z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (z7-12:ac), (e)-7-dodecenyl acetate (e7-12:ac), dodecyl acetate, (z)-9-d ...	2006	16739025
the 5' non-translated region of varroa destructor virus 1 (genus iflavirus): structure prediction and ires activity in lymantria dispar cells.	structure prediction of the 5' non-translated region (ntr) of four iflavirus rnas revealed two types of potential internal ribosome entry site (ires), which are discriminated by size and level of complexity, in this group of viruses. in contrast to the intergenic ires of dicistroviruses, the potential 5' ires structures of iflaviruses do not have pseudoknots. to test the activity of one of these, a bicistronic construct was made in which the 5' ntr of varroa destructor virus 1 (vdv-1) containing ...	2006	17030876
functional response of the tiger beetle megacephala carolina carolina (coleoptera: carabidae) on twolined spittlebug (hemiptera: cercopidae) and fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae).	the functional response of the tiger beetle megacephala carolina carolina l. (coleoptera: carabidae) was determined on adult twolined spittlebug, prosapia bicincta (say) (hemiptera: cercopidae), and fourth instars of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), in single-prey and two-prey systems. in the laboratory, m. carolina carolina demonstrated a type ii functional response for p. bicincta and s. frugiperda in both single- and two-prey systems. search efficien ...	2006	17066786
purification, characterization, and cloning of a spodoptera frugiperda sf9 beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase that hydrolyzes terminal n-acetylglucosamine on the n-glycan core.	paucimannosidic glycans are often predominant in n-glycans produced by insect cells. however, a beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase responsible for the generation of paucimannosidic glycans in lepidopteran insect cells has not been identified. we report the purification of a beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase from the culture medium of spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cells (sfhex). the purified sfhex protein showed 10 times higher activity for a terminal n-acetylglucosamine on the n-glycan core compared with tri-n-a ...	2006	16684772
mode of action of etoxazole.	the mode of action of the 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazoline acaricide/insecticide etoxazole has been argued to be moulting inhibition, but experimental results supporting this hypothesis are lacking. this study investigated the effect of etoxazole on chitin biosynthesis in the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). etoxazole induced moulting defects in fall armyworm larvae similar, if not identical, to those caused by benzoylphenylureas, a well-known class of insecticida ...	2006	16555232
penifulvin a: a sesquiterpenoid-derived metabolite containing a novel dioxa[5,5,5,6]fenestrane ring system from a fungicolous isolate of penicillium griseofulvum.	[structure: see text] penifulvin a (1), a new fungal metabolite with a previously undescribed ring system, has been isolated from cultures of an isolate of penicillium griseofulvum (nrrl 35584) obtained from a white mycelial growth on a dead hardwood branch collected in a hawaiian forest. the structure was assigned by analysis of nmr data and confirmed by single-crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. penifulvin a (1) shows significant activity in dietary assays against the fall armyworm spodoptera ...	2006	16524309
absorption of toxic beta-glucosides produced by plants and their effect on tissue trehalases from insects.	trehalases present in body wall, malpighian tubules, fat body, midgut and haemolymph from tenebrio molitor (coleoptera), musca domestica (diptera), spodoptera frugiperda and diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera) were assayed in the presence and absence of toxic beta-glucosides produced by plants or their aglycones. the glucosides used were phlorizin, amygdalin, prunasin and the aglycone mandelonitrile. in addition, t. molitor and s. frugiperda trehalases were assayed with and without esculin. more ...	2006	16458033
expression of bioactive recombinant bovine interferon-gamma using baculovirus.	the precise role of bovine interferon-gamma (boifn-gamma) in disease and therapy is still poorly defined. clearly it is involved in defence against parasites, bacteria, viruses and possibly tumor cells. this paper reports the expression of boifn-gamma in a baculovirus system to generate a fully functional recombinant protein. bovine interferon-gamma cdna was cloned from mitogen stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) rna utilizing the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ( ...	2006	16608121
visualization of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor by atomic force microscopy.	inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ip(3)) receptor (ip(3)r) acts as a ligand-gated channel that mediates neuronal signals by releasing ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum. the three-dimensional (3d) structure of tetrameric ip(3)r has been demonstrated by using electron microscopy (em) with static specimens; however, the dynamic aspects of the ip(3)r structure have never been visualized in a native environment. here we attempt to measure the surface topography of ip(3)r in solution using atomic forc ...	2006	16198054
effects of conditioned medium factors and passage number on sf9 cell physiology and productivity.	the effects of conditioned medium (cm) and passage number on spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cell physiology and productivity have been studied. low passage (lp) cells at passages 20-45 were compared to high passage (hp) cells at passages >100. addition of 20% cm or 10 kda filtrated cm to lp cells promoted growth. lp cells passed a switch in growth kinetics, characterized by a shorter lag phase and a higher growth rate, after 30-40 passages. after this point, cm lost its stimulating effect on prolifer ...	2006	16599552
dynamics of deletion genotypes in an experimental insect virus population.	defective viruses, that are deficient in certain essential genes, are maintained in the population by trans-complementation, exploiting the gene products of complete genotypes in co-infected cells. this process becomes prevalent only when cells are frequently infected by several virus particles, and only then will the fitness of defective viruses be subjected to frequency-dependent selection. deletion variants that are not infectious per os are present in a multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (sfmn ...	2006	16618670
degradation of the s. frugiperda peritrophic matrix by an inducible maize cysteine protease.	a unique 33-kda cysteine protease (mir1-cp) rapidly accumulates at the feeding site in the whorls of maize (zea mays l.) lines that are resistant to herbivory by spodoptera frugiperda and other lepidopteran species. when larvae were reared on resistant plants, larval growth was reduced due to impaired nutrient utilization. scanning electron microscopy (sem) indicated that the peritrophic matrix (pm) was damaged when larvae fed on resistant plants or transgenic maize callus expressing mir1-cp. to ...	2006	16243350
molecular variability of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations associated to maize and cotton crops in brazil.	the molecular variability among 10 populations of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), collected from maize, zea mays l., or cotton gossypium hirsutum l. crops located at distinctive geographical regions in brazil, was assessed through random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd)-polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in total, 208 rapd markers were evaluated, and 98% of them were polymorphic. the mean genetic similarity was 0.6621 and 0.2499 by the simple matching and jaccard matrices, respectively. ...	2006	16686155
lepidopteran ortholog of drosophila breathless is a receptor for the baculovirus fibroblast growth factor.	the bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (bmnpv) encodes a gene homologous to the mammalian fibroblast growth factor (fgf) family. we report the cloning of b. mori and spodoptera frugiperda orthologous genes (bmbtl and sfbtl, respectively) of drosophila melanogaster breathless (btl) encoding a receptor for branchless/fgf and show that these genes encode the receptor for a baculovirus-encoded fgf (vfgf). sequence analysis showed that bmbtl is composed of 856 amino acid residues, which potentially enc ...	2006	16699027
a homologue of cathepsin l identified in conditioned medium from sf9 insect cells.	gelatin zymography revealed the presence of proteolytic activity in conditioned medium (cm) from a serum-free, non-infected spodoptera frugiperda, sf9 insect cell culture. two peptidase bands at about 49 and 39 kda were detected and found to be proform and active form of the same enzyme. the 49-kda form was visible on zymogram gels in samples of cm taken on days 4 and 5 of an sf9 culture, while the 39-kda form was seen on days 6 and 7. on basis of the inhibitor profile and substrate range, the e ...	2006	16283300
fragments of atp synthase mediate plant perception of insect attack.	plants can perceive a wide range of biotic attackers and respond with targeted induced defenses. specificity in plant non-self-recognition occurs either directly by perception of pest-derived elicitors or indirectly through resistance protein recognition of host targets that are inappropriately proteolyzed. indirect plant perception can occur during interactions with pathogens, yet evidence for analogous events mediating the detection of insect herbivores remains elusive. here we report indirect ...	2006	16720701
the isolation and purification of biologically active recombinant and native autoantigens for the study of autoimmune disease.	the expression of recombinant, biologically active mouse myeloperoxidase (mpd) and the recombinant non-collagenous (nc1) domain of mouse collagen alpha 3 type iv was achieved for the first time in sf21 cells (spodoptera frugiperda ovarian insect cells) using a baculovirus expression system. following purification, the proteins were identified by reducing and non-reducing sds-page electrophoresis. recombinant mouse mpo has a molecular weight of approximately 90 kda and mouse alpha3(iv)nc1 approxi ...	2006	16388818
functional analysis of the allatostatin-a type gene in the cricket gryllus bimaculatus and the armyworm spodoptera frugiperda.	double-stranded rna (dsrna) gene interference is an efficient method to silence gene expression in a sequence specific manner. here we show, that dsrna targeting the allatostatin (as)-a type (fgl/i/v-amide) gene of gryllus bimaculatus (ensifera, gryllidae) and spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera, noctuidae) injected into freshly moulted larvae or adult crickets and moths produced a rapid and long-lasting reduction in the mrna levels in various tissues. the effect lasted up to 7 days. following ds ...	2006	16731345
characterization of an indonesian isolate of paecilomyces reniformis.	an entomopathogenic fungus (indgh 96), identified as paecilomyces reniformis, was isolated from long-horned grasshoppers (orthoptera: tettigoniidae) in sulawesi, indonesia. the phenotypic and molecular data identified the indgh 96 as a p. reniformis. we present the first comprehensive characterization of this species using morphological features, sequencing of the its1-5.8s-its2 region, d1/d2 region of 28s of rdna, and a portion of the tubulin gene, and laboratory bioassays. distinguishing featu ...	2006	16463094
dual mutations in the autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus fp-25 and p35 genes result in plasma-membrane blebbing in trichoplusia ni cells.	spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) lacking a functional anti-apoptotic p35 protein undergo apoptosis. however, such mutants replicate normally in trichoplusia ni (tn-368) cells. an acmnpv plaque isolate (acdefrt) was identified during propagation of a virus deficient in p35 in tn-368 cells. this virus exhibited enhanced budded-particle formation in tn-368 cells, but was partially defective for polyhedra production in the same cells. vir ...	2006	16476974
members of the hyposoter didymator ichnovirus repeat element gene family are differentially expressed in spodoptera frugiperda.	the abundance and the conservation of the repeated element (rep) genes in ichnoviruses genomes suggest that this gene family plays an important role in viral cycles. in the ichnovirus associated with the wasp hyposoter didymator, named hdiv, 10 rep genes were identified to date. in this work, we report a relative quantitative transcription study of these hdiv rep genes in several tissues of the lepidopteran host spodoptera frugiperda as well as in the h. didymator wasps.	2006	16784535
ethylene signaling mediates a maize defense response to insect herbivory.	the signaling pathways that enable plants to mount defenses against insect herbivores are known to be complex. it was previously demonstrated that the insect-resistant maize (zea mays l.) genotype mp708 accumulates a unique defense cysteine proteinase, mirl-cp, in response to caterpillar feeding. in this study, the role of ethylene in insect defense in mp708 and an insect-susceptible line tx601 was explored. ethylene synthesis was blocked with either cobalt chloride or aminoethoxyvinylglycine. a ...	2006	16529381
activation pathways and signal-mediated upregulation of the insect spodoptera frugiperda caspase-1.	sf-caspase-1 is the most studied effector caspase of lepidoptera. its activation is believed to follow a two-step mechanism: the first step requires cleavage by an initiator caspase at d195 (between the large and small subunits) releasing the c-terminal small subunit. this is blocked by the baculovirus caspase inhibitor p49. the second step removes the n-terminal prodomain by cleavage at d28 to generate the large subunit that is blocked by the baculovirus caspase inhibitor p35. in this study, we ...	2006	16532278
efficient incorporation of a nonnatural amino acid into a protein in an insect cell-free translation system.	recently, we have succeeded in incorporating various nonnatural amino acids into proteins by using four-base codon-anticodon pairs in spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cell-free protein synthesizing system. here, the reaction was conducted under various conditions in order to optimize the incorporation efficiency. the optimal concentration of aminoacyl-trna, reaction temperature, and reaction time were 2 nm, 25 degrees c, and 1.5 hr, respectively.	2006	17150925
toxicity and synergism in the feeding deterrence of some coumarins on spodoptera frugiperda smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae).	the phagodepression activity of five coumarins (= 2h-1-benzopyran-2-ones), 6-hydroxy-7-isoprenyloxycoumarin (1), 6-methoxy-7-isoprenyloxycoumarin (2), 6,7-methylenedioxycoumarin (3), 5-methoxy-6,7-methylenedioxycoumarin (4), and 6-methoxy-7-(2-hydroxyethoxy)coumarin (5), from the argentine native herb pterocaulon polystachyum, was tested against spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae. two analogs, scopoletin (6) and 2-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-3h-chromen-5-one (7), sy ...	2006	17193211
spodobase: an est database for the lepidopteran crop pest spodoptera.	the lepidoptera spodoptera frugiperda is a pest which causes widespread economic damage on a variety of crop plants. it is also well known through its famous sf9 cell line which is used for numerous heterologous protein productions. species of the spodoptera genus are used as model for pesticide resistance and to study virus host interactions. a genomic approach is now a critical step for further new developments in biology and pathology of these insects, and the results of ests sequencing effor ...	2006	16796757
gene expression profiling of spodoptera frugiperda hemocytes and fat body using cdna microarray reveals polydnavirus-associated variations in lepidopteran host genes transcript levels.	genomic approaches provide unique opportunities to study interactions of insects with their pathogens. we developed a cdna microarray to analyze the gene transcription profile of the lepidopteran pest spodoptera frugiperda in response to injection of the polydnavirus hdiv associated with the ichneumonid wasp hyposoter didymator. polydnaviruses are associated with parasitic ichneumonoid wasps and are required for their development within the lepidopteran host, in which they act as potent immunosu ...	2006	16790040
design of carrier trnas and selection of four-base codons for efficient incorporation of various nonnatural amino acids into proteins in spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cell-free translation system.	spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cell-free protein synthesizing system was expanded to include nonnatural amino acids. orthogonal trnas that work as carriers of nonnatural amino acids in the insect system were explored. four-base codons for assigning the positions of nonnatural amino acids were also selected. mutated streptavidin mrnas that contained different four-base codons were prepared and added to the insect cell-free system in the presence of various trnas possessing the correspondi ...	2006	17270715
influence of parasitism by chelonus insularis cresson (hymenoptera: braconidae) on the susceptibility of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to insecticides.	the egg-larval parasitoid chelonus insularis cresson is a key parasitoid of the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) during the second field generation in the upper magdalena river basin, colombia. in spite of selection pressure, the higher susceptibility of the second generation fall armyworm larvae to insecticides, compared with that of the first generation, suggests that the parasitism may be responsible for the apparent difference in susceptibility. parasitized and non-parasitiz ...	2006	17273714
new restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the cytochrome oxidase i gene facilitate host strain identification of fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations in the southeastern united states.	several restriction sites in the cytochrome oxidase i gene of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), were identified by sequence analysis as potentially being specific to one of the two host strains. strain specificity was demonstrated for populations in florida, texas, mississippi, georgia, and north carolina, with an acii and saci site specific to the rice (oryjza spp.)-strain and a bsmi and hinfi site joining an already characterized mspi site as diagnostic of the corn (zea mays l ...	2006	16813297
improved native uv laser induced fluorescence detection for single cell analysis in poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices.	single cell analytics is a key method in the framework of proteom research allowing analyses, which are not subjected to ensemble-averaging, cell-cycle or heterogeneous cell-population effects. our previous studies on single cell analysis in poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices with native label-free laser induced fluorescence detection [w. hellmich, c. pelargus, k. leffhalm, a. ros, d. anselmetti, electrophoresis 26 (2005) 3689] were extended in order to improve separation efficiency and ...	2006	16814305
development and cardiac contractility: cardiac troponin t isoforms and cytosolic calcium in rabbit.	cardiac contractility depends on calcium sensitivity of the myofilaments and cytosolic free calcium concentration ([ca(2+)](i)) during activation. during development, the cardiac troponin t isoform ctnt(1) is replaced by shorter ctnt isoforms, including ctnt(4), and changes occur in other myofibrillar proteins and in calcium regulation. we expressed rabbit recombinant (r)ctnt(1) and rctnt(4) in spodoptera frugiperda cells and determined their effect on calcium binding to tnc in solution and on t ...	2006	16857772
identification of transmembrane domain of a membrane associated protein ns5 of dendrolimus punctatus cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus.	we examined the intracellular localization of ns5 protein of dendrolimus punctatus cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (dpcpv) by expressing ns5-gfp fusion protein and proteins from deletion mutants of ns5 in baculovirus recombinant infected insect spodoptera frugiperda (sf-9) cells. it was found that the ns5 protein was present at the plasma membrane of the cells, and that the n-terminal portion of the protein played a key role in the localization. a transmembrane region was identified to be present ...	2006	16889685
autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus nucleocapsid assembly is interrupted upon deletion of the 38k gene.	38k (ac98) of autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) is a highly conserved baculovirus gene whose function is unknown. to determine the role of 38k in the baculovirus life cycle, a 38k knockout bacmid containing the acmnpv genome was generated through homologous recombination in escherichia coli. furthermore, a 38k repair bacmid was constructed by transposing the 38k open reading frame with its native promoter region into the polyhedrin locus of the 38k knockout bacmid. af ...	2006	16987976
cloning of heat shock protein genes (hsp90 and hsc70) and their expression during larval diapause and cold tolerance acquisition in the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker.	the complete cdna sequences of heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) and of heat shock cognate protein 70 (hsc70) were cloned by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker. they potentially encode a 717-amino-acids (hsp90) and a 652-amino-acids (hsc70) protein, with calculated molecular weight of 82.5 and 71.3 kda, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequence of hsp90 showed the highest homology of 97.2% to spodoptera frugiperda hsp90. the closes ...	2006	16921518
importance of host plant species, neotyphodium endophyte isolate, and alkaloids on feeding by spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae.	three grass host species--tall fescue, festuca arundinacea schreber; meadow fescue, festuca pratensis hudson; and perennial ryegrass, lolium perenne l.--each infected with a number of different neotyphodium endophyte isolates, were investigated for their effects on fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith). alkaloid profiles varied among associations. choice and no-choice tests comparing feeding and early development of s. frugiperda larvae on endophyte-infected and endophyte-free leaf b ...	2006	16937705
directional and direct cloning strategy for high-throughput generation of recombinant baculoviruses.	the baculovirus expression vector system (bevs) has become one of the most widely used systems for routine protein expression. we have developed an improved strategy to clone foreign genes directionally and directly into the baculovirus genome vector via a one-step procedure to generate recombinant viruses in a week. in this work, we constructed a host strain escherichia coli dh10bachb1.1, which contains the modified baculovirus shuttle genome vector phbmbacmid1.1 for the cloning vector. the tre ...	2006	17068961
sequential sampling protocols for spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae), on zea mays fields: influence of sampling unit size.	spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) is a major pest in maize fields in argentina. however, a sampling method that accounts for spatial pattern and allows reliable pest density estimations is still lacking. this paper addresses the issue of how sampling unit size can influence the characterization of s. frugiperda spatial pattern and the performance of sampling plans. an intensive sampling programme for s. frugiperda larvae was carried out in maize fields from october until march in four growing s ...	2006	17092358
micropatterning of cell-repellent polymer on a glass substrate for the highly resolved virus microarray.	the development of a simple and easily accessible method to control cellular behavior under a spatially controlled surface is critical for fundamental studies in biotechnology. we fabricated a microarray of spodoptera frugiperda 9 (sf9) cells on a glass surface by microcontact printing cell-repellent polymeric molecules of poly(ethylene glycol)-branched-poly(methyl methacrylate) as a template for cell micropatterning. the polymer micropatterns enabled the stable confinement of sf9 cells on the s ...	2006	17154558
oil-soluble dyes for marking spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae).	although various biological aspects of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) have been examined, adult movement and dispersal of this insect pest is not well understood. release-recapture techniques by using marked insects is a useful approach for dispersal studies; however, the marking technique should not significantly affect insect biology or behavior. therefore, the effect of different concentrations of oil-soluble dyes (solvent blue 35 [c.i. 61554], sudan red 7b [c.i. ...	2006	17195680
[spatial distribution of plants infested with spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on corn crop].	the importance of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), is not only due to the damage it can cause, but also to its difficult control. it is essential to know the pest population parameters, such as its standard scattering in the crop, because depending on the space arrangement of the insects in the area, different sampling methods are required. for the present work, three experimental fields were installed in different areas: the first one had 66 plots with seven plants each; t ...	2006	17144143
cell-free protein synthesis system prepared from insect cells by freeze-thawing.	we established a novel cell-free protein synthesis system derived from trichoplusia ni (highfive) insect cells by a simple extraction method. luciferase and beta-galactosidase were synthesized in this system with active forms. we analyzed and optimized (1) the preparation method of the insect cell extract, (2) the concentration of the reaction components, and (3) the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr) of mrna. the extract was prepared by freeze-thawing insect cells suspended in the extraction buffe ...	2006	17137303
atp-binding and -hydrolysis activities of aldp (abcd1) and aldrp (abcd2), human peroxisomal abc proteins, overexpressed in sf21 cells.	the peroxisomal atp-binding cassette (abc) proteins, adrenoleukodystrophy protein (aldp, abcd1) and ald-related protein (aldrp, abcd2), were expressed in spodoptera frugiperda 21 (sf21) insect cells using a baculovirus-mediated expression system. immunoelectron microscopy and subcellular fractionation revealed that the overexpressed aldp was distributed in various subcellular organelles including mitochondria, nucleus and peroxisomes. the aldp was not extractable with na(2)co(3) treatment, sugge ...	2006	16946495
impact of spray application methodology on the development of resistance to cypermethrin and spinosad by fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (je smith).	the development of resistance to an insecticide under various types of application method has yet to be reported in the literature. five fall armyworm spodoptera armigera (je smith) colonies were reared in a chamber for ten generations before starting topical application bioassays. from each colony, 200-500 third-fourth-instar larvae were fed for 72 h on corn plants sprayed with cypermethrin or spinosad at minimum application rate (20 g ha(-1)) using a small droplet size nozzle xr8001vs (volume ...	2006	16953490
high yield of biologically active recombinant human amelogenin using the baculovirus expression system.	the amelogenins are secreted by the ameloblast cells of developing teeth; they constitute about 90% of the enamel matrix proteins and play an important role in enamel biomineralization. recent evidence suggests that amelogenin may also be involved in the regeneration of the periodontal tissues and that different isoforms may have cell-signalling effects. during enamel development and mineralization, the amelogenins are lost from the tissue due to sequential degradation by specific proteases, mak ...	2006	16055347
construction of hybrib autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis bacmid by modification of p143 helicase.	we developed a new hybrid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv) bacmid capable of infecting spodoptera frugiperda, tricoplusia ni, and bombyx mori, and b. mori cell lines for producing hybrid recombinant baculovirus that can carry a gene of interest and express it in a broad range of hosts. a gfp(uv)-beta1,3-n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 fusion gene was expressed successfully in silkworm larvae using this hybrid bacmid. the hybrid npv bacmid provides an altogether simple and realistically feasibl ...	2006	16478634
the g12 family of g proteins as a reporter of thromboxane a2 receptor activity.	despite advances in the understanding of pathways regulated by the g12 family of heterotrimeric g proteins, much regarding the engagement of this family by receptors remains unclear. we explore here, using the thromboxane a2 receptor tpalpha, the ability of g12 and g13 to report differences in the potency and efficacy of receptor ligands. we were interested especially in the potential of the isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin f (8-iso-pgf2alpha), among other ligands examined, to activate g12 and g1 ...	2006	16418336
a bacillus thuringiensis s-layer protein involved in toxicity against epilachna varivestis (coleoptera: coccinellidae).	the use of bacillus thuringiensis as a biopesticide is a viable alternative for insect control since the insecticidal cry proteins produced by these bacteria are highly specific; harmless to humans, vertebrates, and plants; and completely biodegradable. in addition to cry proteins, b. thuringiensis produces a number of extracellular compounds, including s-layer proteins (slp), that contribute to virulence. the s layer is an ordered structure representing a proteinaceous paracrystalline array whi ...	2006	16391064
production of human papillomavirus type 16 l1 virus-like particles by recombinant lactobacillus casei cells.	infections with human papillomavirus type 16 (hpv-16) are closely associated with the development of human cervical carcinoma, which is one of the most common causes of cancer death in women worldwide. at present, the most promising vaccine against hpv-16 infection is based on the l1 major capsid protein, which self-assembles in virus-like particles (vlps). in this work, we used a lactose-inducible system based on the lactobacillus casei lactose operon promoter (plac) for expression of the hpv-1 ...	2006	16391114
expression and characterization of human vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf165) in insect cells.	vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) is the best characterized multifunctional protein which plays a key role in normal and pathologic angiogenesis. the gene encoding the human vegf165 was cloned from the ovarian carcinoma cell line (ovcar3) and expressed in insect cells using the baculovirus expression vector system. the recombinant human vegf165 (rhvegf165) protein produced by sf21 (spodoptera frugiperda) cells underwent a similar processing compared with mammalian cells, including effici ...	2006	16289914
the use of a recombinant baculovirus expressing a chitinase from the hard tick haemaphysalis longicornis and its potential application as a bioacaricide for tick control.	baculoviruses are specific insect pathogens used as selective biological insecticides on lepidopteran insects. we have tested a recombinant baculovirus expressing a chitinase gene for its efficacy as a tick bioacaricide. the recombinant autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus expressing a chitinase enzyme (acmnpv-cht1) from the hard tick, haemaphysalis longicornis, was constructed and found to have a novel bioacaricidal effect against ticks. the recombinant baculovirus was use ...	2006	16292677
expression and purification of sea raven type ii antifreeze protein from drosophila melanogaster s2 cells.	we present a system for the expression and purification of recombinant sea raven type ii antifreeze protein, a cysteine-rich, c-type lectin-like globular protein that has proved to be a difficult target for recombinant expression and purification. the cdnas encoding the pro- and mature forms of the sea raven protein were cloned into a modified pmt drosophila expression vector. these constructs produced n-terminally his(6)-tagged pro- and mature forms of the type ii antifreeze protein under the c ...	2006	16330225
expression of recombinant flavin-containing monooxygenases in a baculovirus/insect cell system.	the baculovirus/insect cell heterologous expression system provides an important tool for investigating the catalytic activity of individual drug-metabolizing enzymes toward a particular substrate. in this chapter we describe a baculovirus/insect cell system that we have used for the expression of human and mouse flavin-containing monooxygenases. methods are described for the generation of recombinant baculoviral dnas, via both site-specific transposition in escherichia coli and site-specific re ...	2006	27699678
the adipokinetic hormones in the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda: cdna cloning, quantitative real time rt-pcr analysis, and gene specific localization.	small neuropeptides of the adipokinetic/red pigment-concentrating hormone (akh/rpch) family regulate energy metabolism in insects. within lepidopterans, the nonapeptide manduca sexta akh (manse-akh) represents a widely occurring akh, whereas the decapeptide helze-hrth (at first isolated from helicoverpa zea) seems to be restricted to moths. here we report the identification of the manse-akh-like spofr-akh 1 and the helze-hrth-like spofr-akh 2 prohormone precursors from the fall armyworm, spodopt ...	2007	17785188
production of selenomethionyl-derivatized proteins in baculovirus-infected insect cells.	a protocol is described for the production of both intracellularly expressed and secreted selenomethionyl-derivatized recombinant proteins in baculovirus-infected insect cells. the method results in the production of recombinant soluble proteins with an semet occupancy of approximately 75% and with a recovery of approximately 20% that of native protein expression. the method is independent of the percentage methionine content of the protein and is reliable and consistent. similar results are obt ...	2007	17660253
isolation and functional characterization of a new shrimp ovarian peritrophin with antimicrobial activity from fenneropenaeus merguiensis.	shrimp ovarian peritrophin (sop), a major protein in jelly layer (jl) and cortical rods (crs), is proposed to play a role in the protection of spawned eggs. the full sequence of sop cdna from fenneropenaeus merguiensis (fm-sop) shares approximately 50% identity with other sop sequences and contains several putative chitin-binding or peritrophin-a domains. interestingly, fm-sop contains a putative 61-amino acid propeptide located at the n-terminal end, downstream of a 19-amino acid signal peptide ...	2007	17641929
identification of midgut microvillar proteins from tenebrio molitor and spodoptera frugiperda by cdna library screenings with antibodies.	the objective of this study was to identify midgut microvillar proteins in insects appearing earlier (coleoptera) and later (lepidoptera) in evolution. for this, cytoskeleton-free midgut microvillar membrane from spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera) and tenebrio molitor (coleoptera) were used to raise antibodies. these were used for screening midgut cdna expression libraries. positive clones were sequenced, assembled and searched for similarities with gene/protein databases. the predicted midgut ...	2007	17644107
development of serum-free media for lepidopteran insect cell lines.	lepidopteran insect cell culture technology has progressed to the point of becoming an essential part of one of the most successful eukaryotic expression systems and is increasingly used industrially on a large scale. therefore, there is a constant need for convenient and low-cost culture media capable of supporting good insect cell growth and ensuring high yield of baculovirus as well as the strong expression of recombinant proteins. vertebrate sera or invertebrate hemolymph were essential supp ...	2007	17951770
metaflumizone is a novel sodium channel blocker insecticide.	metaflumizone is a novel semicarbazone insecticide, derived chemically from the pyrazoline sodium channel blocker insecticides (scbis) discovered at philips-duphar in the early 1970s, but with greatly improved mammalian safety. this paper describes studies confirming that the insecticidal action of metaflumizone is due to the state-dependent blockage of sodium channels. larvae of the moth spodoptera eridania injected with metaflumizone became paralyzed, concomitant with blockage of all nerve act ...	2007	17959312
general up regulation of spodoptera frugiperda trypsins and chymotrypsins allows its adaptation to soybean proteinase inhibitor.	the existence of a diverse serine proteinase gene family in lepidopteran insects suggests they play a significant role in the insect adaptation to plant proteinase inhibitors. these proteinases have been shown to be involved in the process of proteolytic digestion in insect larvae. we carried out a selective transcriptome study of midguts from spodoptera frugiperda larvae fed on a diet supplemented with soybean proteinase inhibitor (spi). using subtracted cdna libraries made of gut-expressed tra ...	2007	17967347
production of sumoylated proteins using a baculovirus expression system.	spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cells were found to possess an active endogenous sumoylation system. however, the endogenous sumoylation machinery did not efficiently modify exogenous proteins expressed by infection with recombinant baculoviruses. to overcome this limitation, mammalian sumoylation components were introduced by co-infection with recombinant baculoviruses expressing individual protein components of the sumoylation pathway. expression of mammalian ubc9 plus sumo (either sumo1 or sumo3) w ...	2007	17208312
metabolic engineering of the baculovirus-expression system via inverse "shotgun" genomic analysis and rna interference (dsrna) increases product yield and cell longevity.	rna interference (rnai) is as powerful tool for characterizing gene function in eukaryotic organisms and cultured cell lines. its use in metabolic engineering has been limited and few reports have targeted protein expression systems to increase yield. in this work, we examine the use of in vitro synthesized double stranded rna (dsrna) in the baculovirus expression vector system (bevs), using commercially relevant cultured cells (spodoptera frugiperda, sf-9) and larvae (trichoplusia ni) as hosts. ...	2007	17274062
flavonoids of zoysiagrass (zoysia spp.) cultivars varying in fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) resistance.	flavonoid profiles of 12 zoysiagrass (zoysia spp.) cultivars sampled six times in 1998 were correlated to fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda j. e. smith) larval weights and survival on replicated field-grown plant material and analyzed to determine genetic and seasonal variations of flavonoids among zoysiagrass cultivars. from multiple regression analyses and correlations, flavonoid peak 10 (luteolin-glucoside) had the greatest positive association with average fall armyworm weight; however, r ...	2007	17288435
cowpea chloroplastic atp synthase is the source of multiple plant defense elicitors during insect herbivory.	in cowpea (vigna unguiculata), fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) herbivory and oral secretions (os) elicit phytohormone production and volatile emission due to inceptin [vu-in; (+)icdingvcvda(-)], a peptide derived from chloroplastic atp synthase gamma-subunit (catpc) proteins. elicitor-induced plant volatiles can function as attractants for natural enemies of insect herbivores. we hypothesized that inceptins are gut proteolysis products and that larval os should contain a mixture of related ...	2007	17369425
effects of bacillus thuringiensis transgenic corn on corn earworm and fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) densities.	we examined 17 pairs of near-isogenic hybrids of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) (176, mon810, and bt11) and non-bt corn, zea mays l., to examine the effects of bt on larval densities of helicoverpa zea (boddie) and spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) during 2 yr. during ear formation, instar densities of h. zea and s. frugiperda were recorded for each hybrid. we found that h. zea first, second, and fifth instar densities were each affected by mon810 and bt11 bt corn but not ...	2007	17461054
sf-caspase-1-repressed stable cells: resistance to apoptosis and augmentation of recombinant protein production.	sf-caspase-1 [spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) caspase-1] is the most studied effector caspase of lepidoptera and its activation may lead cells to apoptosis (programmed cell death) when under uv irradiation or baculovirus infection. in the present study, we repressed the expression of sf-caspase-1 in sf9 (s. frugiperda 9) cells using constitutive rna interference, and evaluated the effects of stress responses and the production of proteins in recombinant baculovirus-infected cells. the sf-c ...	2007	17472583
propagation of bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus in nonpermissive insect cell lines.	this study addresses the susceptibility of spodoptera frugiperda (sf9 and sf21), trichoplusia ni (hi5), and s. exigua (se301) cells to the bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (bmnpv). although these cells have classically been considered nonpermissive to bmnpv, the cytopathic effect, an increase in viral yield, and viral dna synthesis by bmnpv were observed in sf9, sf21, and hi5 cells, but not in se301 cells. very late gene expression by bmnpv in these cell lines was also detected via beta-galactos ...	2007	17483798
a novel thrombopoietin-stem-cell factor fusion protein possesses enhanced potential in stimulating megakaryocyte proliferation and differentiation.	tpo (thrombopoietin) and scf (stem-cell factor) are functionally related cytokines with overlapping but distinct haematopoietic effects. in the present study, a novel tpo-scf fusion protein that combined the complementary biological effects of tpo and scf into a single molecule was expressed in, and purified from, sf9 [spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm)] insect cells. the specific activity of rhtpo (recombinant human tpo)-scf in megakaryoblastic mo7e cell proliferation assays was 2.90+/-0.35 ...	2007	17516919
genetic basis of resistance to fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and southwestern corn borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) leaf-feeding damage in maize.	leaf-feeding damage by first generation larvae of fall armyworm, spodopter frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), and southwestern corn borer, diatraea grandiosella dyar (lepidoptera: crambidae), cause major economic losses each year in maize, zea mays l. a previous study identified quantitative trait loci (qtl) contributing to reduced leaf-feeding damage by these insects in the maize line mp704. this study was initiated to identify qtl and their interactions associated with first ge ...	2007	17849904
early sorting of inner nuclear membrane proteins is conserved.	spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) importin-alpha-16 is a translocon-associated protein that participates in the early sorting pathway of baculovirus integral membrane proteins destined for the inner nuclear membrane (inm). to discern whether sorting intermediate protein complexes like those observed in insect cells are also formed with mammalian inm proteins, cross-linked complexes of importin-alpha-16 with human lamin b receptor (lbr) and nurim were examined. both lbr and nurim cross-link with sf9 im ...	2007	17517639
[trichogramma species (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae) parasitoids of lepidopteran eggs in lara state, venezuela].	this work was conducted to determine the occurrence of trichogramma wasp species in lara state, venezuela. lepidopteran egg samples collected from various crop leaves were observed daily under laboratory conditions for emergence of trichogramma species adult wasps. trichogramma were also obtained from traps containing eggs from the hosts sitotroga cerealella (olivier) (lepidoptera: gelechiidae) and spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). in the laboratory, specimens of tric ...	2007	17934619
genetic structure and molecular variability of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) collected in maize and cotton fields in brazil.	the purpose of this research was to evaluate the genetic similarity and structure of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), populations associated with maize and cotton crops in brazil using amplified fragment length polymorphisms. mean genetic similarity among populations was 0.45. the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean analysis dendrograms did not separate populations of s. frugiperda into clusters related to the host plant in which the insects were collected. no ...	2007	17524154
abcg2 (breast cancer resistance protein/mitoxantrone resistance-associated protein) atpase assay: a useful tool to detect drug-transporter interactions.	the atpase assay using membrane preparations from recombinant baculovirus-infected spodoptera frugiperda ovarian (sf9) cells is widely used to detect the interaction of compounds with different atp-binding cassette transporters. however, sf9 membrane preparations containing the wild-type abcg2 transporter show an elevated baseline vanadate-sensitive atpase activity, which cannot be further stimulated by substrates of abcg2. therefore, this assay system cannot be used for the detection of abcg2 s ...	2007	17537873
photosynthetic responses of wheat, triticum aestivum l., to defoliation patterns on individual leaves.	the impact of defoliation by fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), on the photosynthetic rates of injured, individual wheat, triticum aestivum l., leaves and the impact of different spatial patterns of artificial insect defoliation on photosynthesis of remaining leaf tissue of injured, individual wheat leaves were evaluated in this study. photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and chlorophyll a fluorescence were recorded in the flag-leaves of wheat plants 1 and 24 h a ...	2007	17540071
specificity of induction responses in sinapis alba l. and their effects on a specialist herbivore.	the glucosinolate-myrosinase system of brassicaceae is known to hold a defensive function in both a constitutive and an inducible fashion. glucosinolates are sulfur- and nitrogen-containing metabolites that are hydrolyzed upon tissue disruption by myrosinase enzymes. the resulting products are toxic for most herbivores. nevertheless, some insects evolved detoxification mechanisms that enable them to feed exclusively on brassicaceae. induction of plant chemical defenses that deter or poison gener ...	2007	17587140
molecular cloning and expression of two novel beta-n-acetylglucosaminidases from silkworm bombyx mori.	beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase is a major glycosidase involved in several physiological processes, such as fertilization, metamorphosis, glycoconjugate degradation, and glycoprotein biosynthesis in insects. a search using the bombyx mori cdna database revealed the existence of two putative beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase genes. their full-length cdnas were cloned by rapid amplification of cdna ends and polymerase chain reaction using specific primers, and named bmglcnacase1 and bmglcnacase2. a blast ...	2007	17617724
characterization of immunophilins in the silkmoth bombyx mori.	the fk506-binding proteins (fkbps) perform an extensive variety of functions in numerous organisms from archaea to humans. the fkbps are distinguished by their peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (ppiase) activity and ability to bind the immunosuppressive drugs fk506 and rapamycin. here, we report the isolation and characterization of fkbp45, a novel member of the fkbp family obtained from u1 small nuclear rna (snrna) binding assays using bombyx mori nuclear extracts. the protein, an apparent or ...	2007	17630656
comparison of haplotype frequencies differentiate fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) corn-strain populations from florida and brazil.	fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is a major economic pest throughout the western hemisphere. populations can be subdivided into two morphologically identical but genetically distinct strains (corn-strain and rice-strain) that differ in their host plant preferences. these strains can be distinguished by using polymorphisms in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 gene. additional sequence analysis of this locus identified two sites that were highly poly ...	2007	17598561
plant resistance and its effect on the peritrophic membrane of southwestern corn borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) larvae.	the southwestern corn borer, diatraea grandiosella dyar (lepidoptera: crambidae), is a serious pest of corn, zea mays l., in the southern united states. corn germplasm lines with conventional genetic leaf-feeding resistance to this pest, the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), and other lepidopterans have been released to the public by usda-ars scientists located in mississippi. recent studies suggest the insect resistant lines disrupt the integrity of the peritrophic membrane of ...	2007	17598564
[artificial diet for rearing doru luteipes (scudder) (dermaptera: forficulidae), a predator of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae)].	a new technique involving an artificial diet and an artificial substrate for oviposition for the rearing of the predator doru luteipes (scudder) is suggested. both adults and nymphs were maintained in petri dishes containing a transparent piece of soda straw filled with moistened cotton and the corresponding food for the biossays. the following treatments were tested: eggs of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith), diatraea saccharalis fabricius (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and anagasta kuehniella zelle ...	2007	17607467
insecticidal activity of vitex mollis.	organic extracts from the leaves of vitex mollis were assessed for their toxic effect on fall armyworm neonate larvae (spodoptera frugiperda), an important insect pest of corn. the extracts showed insecticidal and insect growth regulatory activity, being chcl(3)-meoh (1:1) extract the most active, also found to be toxic in the artemia salina test.	2007	17126497
production and purification of functional truncated soluble forms of human recombinant l1 cell adhesion glycoprotein from spodoptera frugiperda sf9 cells.	l1 is a human cell adhesion glycoprotein involved in the development of the central nervous system that comprises six immunoglobulin-like domains (ig1-ig6), five fibronectin-type iii (fn1-fn5) domains, a single transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic domain. it contains 20 potential n-glycosylation sites and is heavily glycosylated in a variety of cell types. in this work, seven truncated soluble forms including l1 ectodomain (l1/ecd) and ig domains 5-6 (l1/ig5-6) have been constructed by pcr and ...	2007	17157530
lack of cross-resistance to indoxacarb in insecticide-resistant spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae).	two field strains of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (je smith), collected from corn in north florida showed high resistance to carbaryl (626- and 1159-fold) and moderate resistance to parathion-methyl (30- and 39-fold) as compared with a laboratory susceptible strain. a field strain of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) collected from cabbage in north florida and selected for 20 generations with permethrin showed high resistance to permethrin (987-fold) as compared with a s ...	2007	17089332
expression, generation, and purification of unphosphorylated and phospho-ser-380/thr-382/thr-383 form of recombinant pten phosphatase.	the dual specificity phosphatase pten exerts its tumour suppressor and cell-migration regulatory functions by dephosphorylating the phospholipid substrate, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (pi(3,4,5)p(3)), and phosphotyrosine protein substrates. pten functions are regulated by phospholipid binding, interactions with other cellular proteins and phosphorylation at multiple sites. precisely, how the phosphorylation and binding events modulate pten activity and structure remains mostly uncle ...	2007	17562371
juvenile hormonal activity of mono- and polyenehomobenzenes in drosophila virilis, spodoptera frugiperda and araschnia levana.	a series of mono- and polyenehomobenzenes was synthesised by a highly regioselective palladium-catalysed allylic alkylation of substituted and unsubstituted benzylic grignard reagents employing catalytic amounts of catalyst and tested for juvenile hormone activity on the fruit fly drosophila virilis sturtevant (diptera: drosophilidae), on an important agricultural pest species, the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda je smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae), and on the map butterfly araschnia levana l. ...	2007	17573681
expression and purification of recombinant nattokinase in spodoptera frugiperda cells.	a recombinant baculovirus, rv-egfp-nk, containing a reporter gene encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp), was used to express nattokinase (nk), a fibrinolytic enzyme, in spodoptera frugiperda (sf-9) cells. the recombinant protein also included a histidine tag for purification using ni(2+) resins. the recombinant nk, approximately 30 kda, retained fibrinolytic activity (60 u/ml). the integration of the egfp expression cassette in the bac-to-bac system is thus an effective method f ...	2007	17581705
purification and membrane reconstitution of catalytically active menkes copper-transporting p-type atpase (mnk; atp7a).	the mnk (menkes disease protein; atp7a) is a major copper- transporting p-type atpase involved in the delivery of copper to cuproenzymes in the secretory pathway and the efflux of excess copper from extrahepatic tissues. mutations in the mnk (atp7a) gene result in menkes disease, a fatal neurodegenerative copper deficiency disorder. currently, detailed biochemical and biophysical analyses of mnk to better understand its mechanisms of copper transport are not possible due to the lack of purified ...	2007	17009961
a caspase-like gene from heliothis virescens ascovirus (hvav-3e) is not involved in apoptosis but is essential for virus replication.	ascoviruses (avs) are double-stranded dna viruses causing a fatal disease in lepidopteran host larvae. a unique feature of av infection is cleavage of host cells into membrane bound vesicles containing the virions. a recent study showed that a caspase from spodoptera frugiperda av (sfav) is directly involved in initiation of apoptosis and eventually cell cleavage. results shown here indicate that heliothis virescens av does not induce apoptosis in host cells. hvav codes for a caspase-like protei ...	2007	17521762
the effect of low ph on breast cancer resistance protein (abcg2)-mediated transport of methotrexate, 7-hydroxymethotrexate, methotrexate diglutamate, folic acid, mitoxantrone, topotecan, and resveratrol in in vitro drug transport models.	some cellular uptake systems for (anti)folates function optimally at acidic ph. we have tested whether this also applies to efflux from cells by breast cancer resistance protein (bcrp; abcg2), which has been reported to transport folic acid, methotrexate, and methotrexate di- and triglutamate at physiological ph. using spodoptera frugiperda-bcrp membrane vesicles, we showed that the atp-dependent vesicular transport of 1 mum methotrexate by bcrp is 5-fold higher at ph 5.5 than at physiological p ...	2007	17032904
sequence and organization of the heliothis virescens ascovirus genome.	the nucleotide sequence of the heliothis virescens ascovirus (hvav-3e) dna genome was determined and characterized in this study. the circular genome consists of 186,262 bp, has a g+c content of 45.8 mol% and encodes 180 potential open reading frames (orfs). five unique homologous regions (hrs), 23 'baculovirus repeat orfs' (bro) and genes encoding a caspase homologue and several enzymes involved in nucleotide replication and metabolism were found in the genome. several ascovirus (av)-, iridovir ...	2007	17374755
oral toxicity of beta-n-acetyl hexosaminidase to insects.	insect chitin is a potential target for resistance plant proteins, but plant-derived chitin-degrading enzymes active against insects are virtually unknown. commercial beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase (naha), a chitin-degrading enzyme from jack bean canavalia ensiformis, caused significant mortality of fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda larvae at 75 microg/gm, but no significant mortality was noted with aspergillus niger naha. maize zea mays callus transformed to express an arabidopsis thaliana clone ...	2007	17417870
the autographa californica m nucleopolyhedrovirus fibroblast growth factor accelerates host mortality.	the fibroblast growth factor (vfgf) gene encoded by autographa californica m nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) has been shown to share functional properties with cellular fgfs; it is a secreted protein, binds heparin, and stimulates motility of insect cells. we previously reported that viruses containing or lacking vfgf produced similar yields of budded virus and had similar kinetics of viral dna and protein syntheses in cultured cells. in this study, we characterized these viruses in two permissive ...	2007	17459443
modeling rotavirus-like particles production in a baculovirus expression vector system: infection kinetics, baculovirus dna replication, mrna synthesis and protein production.	rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhoea in children worldwide, responsible for more than half a million deaths in children per year. rotavirus-like particles (rota vlps) are excellent vaccine candidates against rotavirus infection, since they are non-infectious, highly immunogenic, amenable to large-scale production and safer to produce than those based on attenuated viruses. this work focuses on the analysis and modeling of the major events taking place inside spodoptera frugiper ...	2007	17289202
development of recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors carrying small interfering rna (shhec1)-mediated depletion of kinetochore hec1 protein in tumor cells.	transcript depletion using small interfering rna (sirna) technology represents a potentially valuable technique for the treatment of cancer. however, delivering therapeutic quantities of sirna into solid tumors by chemical transfection is not feasible, whereas viral vectors efficiently transduce many human tumor cell lines. yet producing sufficient quantities of viral vectors that elicit acute and selective cytotoxicity remains a major obstacle for preclinical and clinical trials. using the inve ...	2007	17330085
influenza virus-like particles elicit broader immune responses than whole virion inactivated influenza virus or recombinant hemagglutinin.	influenza virus is a highly infectious respiratory pathogen that results in severe morbidity and mortality. the current licensed trivalent vaccine formulations in the u.s. are made from virus grown in allantoic fluid from infected hen eggs that is then chemically inactivated and split into subunit components. these vaccines elicit antibodies, primarily to the viral hemagglutinin (ha), which are efficacious in healthy adults, but are limited in protecting high risk individuals, such as the elderl ...	2007	17337102
bioactive constituents from rollinia emarginata (annonaceae).	from an argentine collection of the tropical tree rollinia emarginata (annonaceae), vomifoliol, dehydrovomifoliol, blumenol c, loliolide, 7-epiloliolide, vanillin, dihydroactinolide, as well as other common plant constituents were obtained, and identified by their nmr and ms features compared with authentic samples. antifeedant and toxic actions were exerted to the polyphagous moth spodoptera frugiperda by the ethanol extract of the plant, at 250 ppm in the larval diet. additionally, in greenhou ...	2007	17365716
diversity of colombian strains of bacillus thuringiensis with insecticidal activity against dipteran and lepidopteran insects.	to evaluate the genetic and molecular diversity and insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis isolates from all the natural regions of colombia.	2007	17184322
interaction of rice dwarf virus outer capsid p8 protein with rice glycolate oxidase mediates relocalization of p8.	yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation assays indicated that p8, an outer capsid protein of rice dwarf phytoreovirus (rdv), interacts with rice glycolate oxidase (gox), a typical enzyme of peroxisomes. confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that p8 was colocalized with gox in peroxisomes. time course analysis demonstrated that the localization of p8 in spodoptera frugiperda cells changed from diffuse to discrete, punctuate inclusions during expression from 24 to 48 h post inoculatio ...	2007	17174956
scopolamine in brugmansia suaveolens (solanaceae): defense, allocation, costs, and induced response.	brugmansia suaveolens (solanaceae) contains tropane alkaloids (tas), which can act as chemical defenses. selective pressures might modulate the allocation of alkaloids within the plant, as postulated by optimal-defense theory. by tracing scopolamine, the most abundant ta in this species, we found that scopolamine in an artificial diet, in concentrations similar to those in leaves of b. suaveolens, increased mortality and prolonged developmental time of the larvae of the generalist noctuid moth s ...	2007	17195118