Publications

[in vitro activity of the combination of mercurobutal and sodium lauryl sulfate on trichomonas].		1986	3489971
[transmission of trichomonas vaginalis in swimming pools?].	trichomonas vaginalis could not be isolated from the water of a highly frequented swimming pool of the city of zurich. the protozoon t. vaginalis may show a slight degree of motility; even after 20 minutes exposure to the chlorinated water of a swimming pool; but it looses its infectivity within seconds after exposure to water of the swimming pool. it is not yet known how trichomonads are able to survive in the secretions of the vagina and on contaminated objects (fomites) in dressing rooms.	1986	3490073
[observation on the effect of mandelic amide on trichomonas vaginalis by transmission electron microscopy].		1986	3490327
antiprotozoal effects of some hydrazones.	antiprotozoal effects of hydrazones derived from compounds with 1 to 4 carbon atoms were studied on the model organism trichomonas vaginalis isolated from a female patient with acute urogenital trichomoniasis.	1986	3490421
rapid assay for immunological detection of trichomonas vaginalis.	trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted disease with an estimated incidence of 4 million to 8 million cases a year in the united states. the most commonly used method of diagnosis is a direct microscopic observation (wet mount) of vaginal secretions and, although both rapid and inexpensive, the sensitivity of this technique is generally 50 to 70%. we developed an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis which is both rapid and sensitiv ...	1986	3490489
immunoglobulin isotypes of anti-trichomonas vaginalis antibodies in patients with vaginal trichomoniasis.	studies of anti-trichomonas vaginalis antibodies in patients with vaginal trichomoniasis were undertaken in attempts to identify the predominant antibody isotype produced and to delineate clinically significant antigens. the total antibody content of serum samples from 23 patients was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) that employed anti-human immunoglobulin and isotype-specific antisera. the immunochemical reactivity of these antibodies was examined by western blot analy ...	1986	3490492
prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis in some filipino women.	vaginal specimens obtained from 1,284 hospitality girls and 87 expectant mothers were examined for trichomonas vaginalis by first examining material collected from vaginal swabs and after incubation in feinberg and whittington culture medium. twenty-four percent of the specimens examined, shortly after the cotton-tip swab was placed into 1 ml culture medium, were positive by direct microscopic examination and 37% positive following 3 to 5 days incubation at 37 degrees c. only 3 of the specimens ...	1986	3491430
experimental transmission of trichomonas vaginalis in laboratory animals and the chemistry of vaginal exudates.	experimental transmission of trichomonas vaginalis into laboratory was carried out. the protein and glucose levels of infected vaginal exudates were also investigated. subcutaneous lesions were produced in the mice with influx of neutrophils and macrophages and sloughing of epidermal parts. rats, seem to be refractory to this infection. compared with normal persons, the protein and glucose levels were higher and richer in exudates of patients with t. vaginalis infection.	1986	3493997
inhibition of hydrogen production in drug-resistant and susceptible trichomonas vaginalis strains by a range of nitroimidazole derivatives.		1986	3000386
epidemiological data, cytology and colposcopy in iud (intrauterine device), e-p (estro-progestogens) and diaphragm users. study of cytological changes of endometrium iud related.	the author compares the epidemiological, cytological and colposcopical data found in iud users, with a control population of estro-progestogens and condom users. the age, parity and clinical symptomatology, mainly leukorrhea, was higher in iud users. at the colposcopic examination a normal pattern was found in condom users more frequently, but the suspect colposcopic signs were frequently associated with the use of the iud. the oncologic evaluation of smears showed a slight dysplasia in 17.65% a ...	1986	3708832
a review of papanicolaou smears in a black hospital.	results of 3,009 papanicolaou smears from black women are reviewed. the modus operandi and cost for the outpatient component are presented. abnormal results were reported in 11.6 percent of the combined outpatients and inpatients. the major portion of the changes in this subset were due to atypia present in a substantial number of women with trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis. programs of this nature with a specific objective may be easily merged into the basic medical services provided by an outpa ...	1986	3712481
[mixed infections of the urogenital tract with trichomonas vaginalis and yeast-like fungi in humans with reference to treatment].	comparative studies on the incidence of mixed infections with t. vaginalis and yeast-like fungi in man carried out within the years 1969-1980 and 1981-1984 showed a progressive increase of this kind of disease. clinical treatment with clotrimazole was performed in 35 patients. local therapy with clotrimazole was effective, if 3-5 days later the patients receive tinidazole at one dosage. in some patients, the therapy has to be continued with metronidazole.	1986	3754079
incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in rape victims during 1984.	during 1984, 46 women attended the sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic at st mary's hospital alleging that they had been raped. at presentation, 31 (67%) were asymptomatic. evidence of std was found in 14 (30%) women, mixed infections occurring in four. chlamydia trachomatis and trichomonas vaginalis were each detected in six (13%) patients and neisseria gonorrhoeae in three (6%). the source of the infection could not confidently be traced to the alleged rapist. two patients were found to ...	1986	3755418
a retrospective study of doxycycline in the treatment of genitourinary infections.	a retrospective study was conducted to assess the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma ureolyticum, and mycoplasma sp in patients with suspected genital infection, and to assess the efficacy of doxycycline and other current antibiotic therapies. over a three-year period, 1,048 records of patients (64% female; 36% male) were reviewed. c trachomatis, u ureolyticum, or mycoplasma hominis was found in 39% of the men and 49% of the women. other pathogens included gardnerella vaginalis (in ...	1986	3829089
immunogenic proteins of trichomonas vaginalis as demonstrated by the immunoblot technique.	fifteen clinical isolates of trichomonas vaginalis were evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with transfer to nitrocellulose and by immunoblots probed with human sera. all t. vaginalis isolates showed similar banding patterns by coomassie brilliant blue and silver staining of the electrophoresis gels and by amido black staining of the nitrocellulose. however, by the immunoblot technique, differences in banding patterns were noted, particularly in the high-molecu ...	1986	3510170
monoclonal antibodies against trichomonas vaginalis.	spleen lymphocytes obtained from mice immunized with trichomonas vaginalis atcc 30001 were fused with p3-x63-ag8-653 mouse myeloma in order to produce hybridoma-secreting antibodies against t. vaginalis associated antigens. six hybridoma cloned cell lines were established; three produced igg1, two produced igg2a, and one produced igm monoclonal antibody. these six monoclonal antibodies showed binding to seven isolated strains of t. vaginalis but did not bind to giardia lamblia. three of those mo ...	1986	3514432
monoclonal antibody to a major surface glycoprotein immunogen differentiates isolates and subpopulations of trichomonas vaginalis.	to produce monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to highly immunogenic membrane proteins of trichomonas vaginalis nyh286, the sera of subcutaneously infected balb/c mice were first monitored for antibody to trichomonad surface proteins. the sera possessed antibody to one major surface protein by 7 days and antibody to numerous other trichomonad membrane proteins by 4 weeks postinfection. a hybridoma was then generated that synthesized an mab, designated c20a3, which reacted to a parasite-derived glycopro ...	1986	3514466
an immunofluorescent study of the microtubule organization in trichomonas vaginalis using antitubulin antibodies.	the flagellated protozoon trichomonas vaginalis, parasite of the human urogenital tract, possesses a well developed microtubule system organized in highly differentiated structures. we have shown by immunoblotting that monospecific anti-sheep brain tubulin antibodies are able to react with the microtubular tubulin of t. vaginalis. these antibodies were used to study the microtubular system of t. vaginalis both in interphase and mitosis by indirect immunofluorescence. the interphase microtubular ...	1986	3514904
evaluation of fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibody test to detect chlamydia trachomatis endocervical infections in adolescent girls.	we evaluated the fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibody (fa) test for screening for chlamydia trachomatis endocervical infection in a general adolescent clinic. three hundred sixty-three consecutive adolescent girls, ages 13 to 20 years (mean 17.3 years) were examined. forty-five (12%) fa smears had insufficient cells. reason for visit included non-lower genital tract-related disorders in 241 (76%) girls, and lower genital tract-related disorders in 77 (24%). c. trachomatis was isolated by t ...	1986	3517270
immunotherapeutic effect of the lactobacillus vaccine, solco trichovac, in trichomoniasis is not mediated by antibodies cross reacting with trichomonas vaginalis.	according to the producers of the lactobacillus vaccine, solco trichovac, its therapeutic effect in trichomoniasis is achieved by antibodies that are induced by the vaccination and cross react with trichomonas vaginalis. common antigens of lactobacillus acidophilus from solco trichovac vaccine and t vaginalis were therefore sought by three different seroreactions. immune serum against lacidophilus obtained by vaccinating two healthy human volunteers and two rabbits with the original solco tricho ...	1986	3522408
adherence of trichomonas vaginalis to cell culture monolayers.	the in vitro adherence to wish cells of a pathogenic trichomonas vaginalis strain was studied with a method utilizing thymidine-labeled protozoa. a marked dose-related adherence was observed. glutaraldehyde fixed trichomonads were not adherent. the presence of fetal calf serum during the assay did not influence attachment. concanavalin a inhibited adherence of protozoa. complete or partial inhibition of adherence was achieved by preincubating wish cells with lactobacillus fermentum or streptococ ...	1986	3527701
vulvar disorders in the prepubertal female.	inspection of the vulva should be a routine part of well child care. detection of poor perineal hygiene permits the establishment of good hygiene practices, which may prevent development of vulvovaginitis. condylomata acuminata, molluscum contagiosum, herpetic vulvitis, and vulvovaginitis secondary to neisseria gonorrhoeae, gardnerella vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, and trichomonas vaginalis arouse suspicion of child sexual abuse, which must be addressed. atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, lichen ...	1986	3529014
aetiology of urinary symptoms in sexually active women.	two hundred and fifty six unselected women, 50 of whom had urinary symptoms (frequency of urination or dysuria, or both), and who were attending a department of genitourinary medicine, were investigated. the urinary symptoms were associated both with pyuria and the isolation of undoubted pathogens from midstream urine (msu) specimens. no associations were found between urinary symptoms and the isolation of neisseria gonorrhoeae or chlamydia trachomatis from the urethra or cervix; the recovery of ...	1986	3533756
[treatment with ofloxacin (ru 43280) of uncomplicated bacterial urethritis in males].	ofloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone with in vitro activity against the three main urethritis-causing pathogens: i.e. neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis and ureaplasma urealyticum. 18 adult males with acute uncomplicated urethritis took 200 mg ofloxacin by mouth twice daily for 7 (non-chlamydial urethritis) or 14 (chlamydial urethritis) days. 12 patients had n. gonorrhoeae; 2 had h. parainfluenzae, 1 had e. coli and 5 had c. trachomatis. urethral cultures were obtained before treatment a ...	1986	3534731
an 88,000-mr giardia lamblia surface protein which is immunogenic in humans.	human anti-giardia lamblia sera specifically immunoprecipitated an 88,000-mr surface protein from radioiodinated trophozoites, establishing this protein as a potentially important immunogen in humans. a mouse monoclonal antibody (gl-1) was isolated which immunoprecipitated the same 88,000-mr surface protein recognized by the human sera. gl-1 gave uniform fluorescent staining of the cell surface and flagella of g. lamblia trophozoites from the portland 1 and wb strains as well as fresh clinical i ...	1986	3536744
detection of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal specimens by direct immunofluorescence assay.	vaginal discharge specimens from 105 women were examined by wet mount, culture, and a new direct immunofluorescence assay to detect trichomonas vaginalis. the organism was detected by culture in 31 patients, by direct immunofluorescence in 26 patients, and by wet mount in 21 patients.	1986	3537000
[cytotoxic activity of trichomonas vaginalis supernatants toward cellular monolayers].	in the present paper we analyzed the cytopathogenic activity of 3 recently isolated strains of t. vaginalis on cellular monolayers of human and animal origin. proliferation of protozoon was accompanied by the progressive and total disintegration of cellular monolayers. supernatants obtained by incubating cellular monolayers and trichomonas or trichomonas alone showed a similar cytopathic effect. a less lytic activity was shown with supernatants containing fetal calf serum. cytopathogenicity star ...	1986	3502600
[detection of candidiasis in non-gonococcal urethritis resistant to therapy].	in this study, candida sp. and all other microorganisms were attempted to be isolated in 30 patients with non-gonococcal ürethritis who hadn't responded to classical antimicrobial therapy. candida sp. in 6, various bacteries in 11, salmonella in one and trichomonas vaginalis in one of them were detected. not any microorganisms were isolated in 13, 4 of these candida species which were detected by sabouraud culture, were also evaluated by direct microspoic examination.	1986	3561282
[physicochemical and biological properties of an allergen from trichomonas vaginalis].	the chemical and biological characterization of the preparation, found to be strictly specific, is presented. the allergen is nontoxic and has sensitizing properties. the active principle of the preparation is protein.	1987	3564785
infection with multiple sexually transmitted agents.	a patient named as a contact by an individual with gonorrhea and syphilis was found to be an asymptomatic carrier of seven organisms known to be transmitted sexually. cultures were positive for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and herpes simplex virus. trichomonas vaginalis was detected by a wet preparation and the papanicolaou smear. the cervix was found to have an ulcer on the posterior lip that yielded herpes simp ...	1987	3573062
sexually transmitted infections in adolescent girls.	two hundred and ten adolescent girls in residential care with an age range of 12 to 16 years were screened for sexually transmitted infections. the incidences of infection with neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and trichomonas vaginalis were 13.7%, 16.2%, and 16.0% respectively. pelvic inflammatory disease was identified in 16.4% of those with c trachomatis or gonococcal infection. the high morbidity from sexually transmitted disease in these adolescent girls reinforces the need for ...	1987	3583269
morbidity after termination of pregnancy in first trimester.	the outcome of termination of pregnancy was observed in relation to the preoperative clinical and microbiological findings in 167 women attending a day care abortion unit in liverpool. before termination, chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the cervix of 19 (11%) of the patients and high counts (greater than 10(4) colour changing units (ccu) per ml of specimen) of mycoplasmas were found in 30 (18%). coexistent infections with chlamydiae and high counts of mycoplasmas occurred in only seven ( ...	1987	3610163
[extensiveness of infection with trichomonas vaginalis, yeast-like fungi and neisseria gonorrhoeae in women in the city of rzeszów and its vicinity].		1987	3630166
incidence of motile, curved anaerobic rods (mobiluncus species) in vaginal secretions.	aerobic and anaerobic cultures as well as a gram stain and wet mount preparation were made of vaginal swabs taken from various groups of women including those with vaginal discharge. the bacteria commonly found in cultures were lactobacilli, coryneforms, staphylococcus epidermidis and facultative streptococci. anaerobes were isolated from 75% (475 of 632) of specimens. the incidence of trichomonas vaginalis, candida species, gardnerella vaginalis and mobiluncus species in the five groups of wome ...	1987	3502614
[cervico-vaginal pathogens and contraception: microbiological observations].	the authors relate the results about 172 vaginal and cervical swabs, in women with or without oral/local (iud) contraception, with or without vaginosis/vaginitis. gardnerella vaginalis was always prevalent; the authors observed an high correlation between cervical iud and vaginal gardnerella, more than iud and cervical chlamydia trachomatis. bacterial associations in gardnerella vaginalis (mobiluncus, obligate anaerobes) are related; incidence of candida and trichomonas vaginalis are reported; c ...	1987	3508298
[muco-purulent cervicitis: a frequent but little-known pathology. clinical and laboratory considerations].	in order to assess the frequency of cervicitis, to investigate its aetiological causes and to open the debate upon this subject, the authors examined 144 not hospitalized women aging between 18 and 47. they were all in their fertile period and not pregnant. the diagnosis of mpc was given on the basis of the evaluation of the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pnl) found on the endocervical smears, which had been previously coloured by the gram method: the patients with an average number of ...	1987	3509731
role of divalent cations, ph, cytoskeleton components and surface charge on the adhesion of trichomonas vaginalis to a polystyrene substrate.	the process of adhesion of three different strains of trichomonas vaginalis to a polystyrene substrate was analysed. the process of adhesion was dependent on the time of incubation and the ph of the phosphate-buffered solution (pbs) in which the parasites were suspended. the highest indices of adhesion were observed after an incubation time of 60 min at ph 6.6. the adhesion index increased when the parasites were incubated in the presence of culture media or when ca++ or mg++ was added to the pb ...	1987	3509860
in vitro inhibition of trichomonas vaginalis growth by some ortho-phenacyloxy-benzyl alcohols and their derivatives.	some phenacyl ethers of different ortho-hydroxy-benzyl alcohols and analogues have been synthesized and tested for the in vitro activity towards trichomonas vaginalis. the most active compounds had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 6.25 micrograms/ml and appeared to be of a certain interest as representative of a new type of anti-trichomonas substances not containing a nitro group.	1987	3509886
is the papanicolaou smear useful for diagnosing sexually transmitted diseases?	to examine the validity of cervical cytologic diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases, we reviewed the literature and calculated the efficacy of the papanicolaou smear as a diagnostic technique. the predictive value of a positive test varied widely, but was generally higher for trichomonas vaginalis (0.81-1.00) than for other organisms. for chlamydia trachomatis, the predictive value of a positive test ranged from 0.40-1.00. cytologic diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases has not been st ...	1987	3554060
[condylomata acuminata-associated std infections of the urethra of the male. a comparative epidemiologic study].	urethral swabs from 322 men without urethritis, 73 of whom had venereal warts (condylomata acuminata, ca) and 249 who had none, were investigated between 1981 and 1984 by microscope and culture for the presence of neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma species, trichomonas vaginalis, garderella vaginalis, b streptococci, aerobic pathogenic bacteria and candida species. the isolation frequencies in patients with and without ca were as follows: n. gonorrho ...	1987	3557979
[the current status of trichomonas vaginalis infections of the male urogenital organ].		1987	3130432
[phagocytosis of streptococcus faecalis by trichomonas vaginalis. electron microscopy studies].		1987	3136590
[vaccination with solcotrichovac in vaginal trichomoniasis].		1987	3274669
trichomonas vaginalis phenotypic variation occurs only among trichomonads infected with the double-stranded rna virus.	trichomonas vaginalis isolates were examined for the presence of viral double-stranded rna (dsrna) and the property of phenotypic variation. only the heterogeneous isolates composed of mab-reactive and -nonreactive organisms, as determined by indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytofluorometry, and capable of phenotypic variation possessed the dsrna. both the positive and negative phenotype subpopulations separated from the heterogeneous parent contained equal amounts of the dsrna. loss of the ...	1987	3298522
[the value of clinical examination, microscopy and culture for candida and trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis].		1987	3299944
the use of a highly sensitive electrophoretic method to compare the proteinases of trichomonads.	a highly sensitive electrophoretic method involving gelatin-containing polyacrylamide gels has been used to analyse trichomonad proteinases. multiple forms, optimally active at ph 5-6, were present in all four species examined, but the species could be distinguished from one another by both quantitative and qualitative differences. the intestinal parasites, trichomitus batrachorum and pentatrichomonas hominis, had lower specific activities than the urogenital parasites, trichomonas vaginalis and ...	1987	3302703
[indirect immunofluorescence in the serodiagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infections].	by using immunofluorescent technique the authors have observed that high titer circulating antibodies reacting with membrane or cytoplasmic structures of t. vaginalis occur in the majority (42/45) of women presenting because of trichomonas vaginitis. only exceptionally high titer antibodies have been detected in serum of male subjects affected by urethral trichomoniasis. low titer antibodies are found in serum of noninfected subjects and are supposed to be induced by cross reacting flagellate gr ...	1987	3304346
subepithelial organisms in trichomonal cervicitis.	trichomonas vaginalis is usually described as a surface-dwelling, noninvasive organism. most studies of the pathogenicity of this organism have been derived from cytologic studies of uterine cervical epithelium. we employed specific immunoperoxidase techniques that allow the identification of organisms in cytologic and histologic specimens. in a case of trichomonal cervicitis these organisms were demonstrated both on the epithelial surface and in subepithelial tissues. interpretations and implic ...	1987	3311667
[urethritis caused by trichomonas vaginalis in men. epidemiology].	the interviews of sexually transmitted diseases (std) done in the dispensario "martínez anido" of madrid in the period understood between september of 1984 and september of 1985 are revised. among all of the 1,370 surveys, the trichomonal urethritis in the male, represents 2.2% of all of the urethritis and 4.6% of the nongonococcal urethritis in the male. mean age of patients was 35 years, the social-economic level was inferior than those which we observed in others std, all of the cases were he ...	1987	3312865
laboratory diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis among women attending a venereal diseases control division. first report.		1987	3326100
[correlation between the concentration of secretory antibodies and the distribution of vaginal flora].		1987	3327137
[evaluation of the usefulness of a lyophilized culture medium used for growing trichomonas vaginalis in the diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis].		1987	3330720
[the microbiological characteristics of bacterial vaginosis].		1987	3154365
urethral trichomoniasis in men.	three hundred twenty-five men with confirmed urethral trichomoniasis were seen at sexually transmitted diseases clinics in harare, zimbabwe, in 1983-1984. the mean age of these patients was 30.4 years. the most common symptoms were urethral discharge and urethral irritation. symptoms in 252 patients (78%) had been present for more than four weeks. only 1.5% of 5548 patients with nontrichomonal nongonococcal urethritis had had symptoms for this length of time. in most patients with trichomoniasis ...	1987	3494323
trichomonas species: homocysteine desulphurase and serine sulphydrase activities.	homocysteine desulphurase (ec 4.4.1.2) and serine sulphydrase (ec 4.2.1.22) activities in various lines of trichomonas vaginalis, both metronidazole resistant and sensitive, and other trichomonad species were assessed. t. vaginalis contained the highest homocysteine desulphurase and serine sulphydrase activities of all the species. although the levels of the enzyme activity in t. vaginalis isolates differed, no correlation between the activities and sensitivity to metronidazole was apparent. t. ...	1987	3494628
determination of estrogen and androgen receptors in trichomonas vaginalis and the effects of antihormones.	trichomonas vaginalis, a common genital pathogen, was found to possess both specific estrogen and specific androgen receptors. these 4.3 s macromolecules were proteinaceous in nature. both metronidazole-resistant and metronidazole-sensitive strains possessed both types of sex hormone-binding proteins. the estrogen receptor binding was competitively inhibited by the antiestrogen tamoxifen citrate, and the androgen binding was competitively inhibited by the antiandrogen cyoctol. the presence of th ...	1987	3495180
the effects of inhibitors of sulphur-containing amino acid metabolism on the growth of trichomonas vaginalis in vitro.	a range of inhibitors of enzymes catalysing the metabolism of sulphur-containing amino acids were tested for efficacy against trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. sinefungin, tubercidin, ara a, bithionol, hexachlorophene, dichlorophene and 5-azacytidine were found to be effective antitrichomonal agents. combinations of any two of these inhibitors were, in most cases, no more effective than one inhibitor used alone, but marked synergy was apparent with monothioglycerol and methionine. none of the inhi ...	1987	3495529
detection of trichomonas vaginalis antigen in women by enzyme immunoassay.	an enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis antigen in vaginal swabs. four hundred and eighty two women attending a sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic were tested; 44 (9.1%) were positive by culture, 32 (6.6%) were positive by wet film examination, and 54 (11.2%) were considered to be positive for trichomonal antigen by eia. taking culture as the reference method, the eia had a sensitivity of 93.2% and a specificity of 97.5%. the predictive value o ...	1987	3495554
therapeutic activities of nitrothiazoles against trichomonads.	certain nitrothiazole derivatives, such as niridazole (ba 32644, ambilhar), exert pronounced activities against several trichomonad strains when tested under anaerobic conditions comparable to those of the nitroimidazole derivatives. few compounds of the nitrothiazole group, however, are markedly less active in vitro. the in vivo activity of the nitrothiazole derivatives as determined in mice infected subcutaneously with t. foetus, is as good as that of metronidazole. a nitrothiazole derivative ...	1987	3496102
human serologic response to subcellular antigens of trichomonas vaginalis.	trichomonas vaginalis organisms were processed by differential centrifugation to yield defined subcellular fractions. the various fractions were processed by methods to enhance solubility of membranes and other components. the soluble materials were analyzed for immunogenicity by a quantitative kinetic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (k-elisa) and the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (eitb) technique using human patient serum. the principal antibodies in the human serum were directed t ...	1987	3496443
l-methionine catabolism in trichomonads.	trichomonas vaginalis growing in complex medium produced volatile thiols at a rate of 0.7 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1 and the parasite suspended in pbs with l-methionine excreted volatile thiols, including methanethiol, and alpha-keto acid. cell-free extracts of the parasite also produced volatile thiols from l-methionine, at the rate of 5.4 nmol min-1 (mg protein)-1. thiol production was not detectable with living cells or cell-free extracts of tritrichomonas foetus, trichomitus batrachorum or pe ...	1987	3496535
activities of metronidazole and niridazole against trichomonas vaginalis clinical isolates.	the activities of niridazole and metronidazole against trichomonas vaginalis c1-nih and six isolates of clinical origin were compared using the in-vitro assay technique. under the standard anaerobic assay conditions both metronidazole and niridazole were highly effective at low concentrations against all the strains used. however niridazole, in contrast to metronidazole, was equally effective in the aerobic assay, a feature which may be exploited in the chemotherapy of patients with refractory t ...	1987	3497149
cell culture compared with broth for detection of trichomonas vaginalis.	trichomonas vaginalis can be grown in cell culture. we studied the growth kinetics of t. vaginalis in mccoy cell culture compared with that in a conventional broth medium (diamond tyi-s-33 medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated bovine serum [tyi]). in the presence of mccoy cells and two parts cell culture medium to one part tyi, a peak concentration of 2 x 10(6) to 6 x 10(6) t. vaginalis per ml was consistently achieved with inocula as low as three t. vaginalis cells per ml. without cells ...	1987	3497171
[comparative immunoelectrophoretic studies of total water-soluble extracts of trichomonas vaginalis, t. tenax and t. hominis].	an antigen characterization was carried out by the method of two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis, and on this basis the antigen community and the antigenic differences between the 3 trichomonas species parasitic in man were investigated. in the homologous antigen-antibody-systems a maximum number of precipitation curves is formed--21 in t. vaginalis and 20 each in t. tenax and t. hominis. according to our setting of the experiment t. vaginalis has 5 specific antigens in regard to t. tenax and ...	1987	3497593
[the mechanism of action of monofunctional and bifunctional hydrazones on trichomonas vaginalis].		1987	3497691
[in vitro effect of tinidazole in trichomonas vaginalis and trichomonas hominis].		1987	3497735
comparative study of ferredoxin-linked and oxygen-metabolizing enzymes of trichomonads.	1. the activities of pyruvate:methyl viologen oxidoreductase (ec 1.2.7.1), hydrogenase (ec 1.18.99.1), nadh:methyl viologen oxidoreductase (ec 1.6.99.3), nadph:methyl viologen oxidoreductase (ec 1.6.99.1), nadh oxidase (ec 1.6.99.3) and nadph oxidase (ec 1.6.99.1) were determined for trichomonas vaginalis, tritrichomonas foetus and trichomitus batrachorum. 2. the three trichomonad species were found to differ significantly, especially with respect to nadh oxidase and nadh:methyl viologen oxidore ...	1987	3497772
isolation of trichomonas vaginalis from cycloheximide-treated mccoy cells.		1987	3497805
trichomonas vaginalis nyh286 phenotypic variation may be coordinated for a repertoire of trichomonad surface immunogens.	trichomonas vaginalis isolate nyh286 was fractionated with immunoglobulin g of sera from patients with trichomoniasis. subpopulations of trichomonads with phenotypes of either patient serum-immunoglobulin g reactive (ps+) or nonreactive (ps-) were obtained. flow cytofluorometry of ps+ and ps- subpopulations with a monoclonal antibody called c20a3 which reacts with a high-molecular-weight immunogen of t. vaginalis gave corresponding fluorescent (positive) and nonfluorescent (negative) phenotypes. ...	1987	3497876
venereal trichomoniasis: role of men.	it has been suggested that high zinc concentrations found in men may prevent trichomonas vaginalis from being established in the male reproductive tract. in this investigation t vaginalis was readily killed at concentrations of zinc that occur in the prostatic fluid of healthy men (minimum trichomonacidal concentration (mtc) of 6.4 mmol/l). t vaginalis was also shown to be killed by human prostatic extracts as well as by human seminal fluid, even when the zinc content was much lower than the mtc ...	1987	3498677
isolation of a stable clone of the ameboid-adherent (aa) variant of trichomonas vaginalis.		1987	3498811
the dsrna of trichomonas vaginalis is associated with virus-like particles and does not correlate with metronidazole resistance.	twelve metronidazole-resistant and twelve metronidazole-susceptible strains of trichomonas vaginalis were tested for the presence of dsrna. three resistant and five susceptible strains were found to contain dsrna which indicated that metronidazole resistance does not correlate with the absence of dsrna. electron microscopy showed the homogenates of all dsrna-positive strains to contain virus-like particles 32-38 nm in diameter, while no such particles were found in the dsrna-negative strains. a ...	1987	3499366
[the clinical significance of trichomonas vaginalis infection in male urogenital organs].		1987	3499538
probing the active sites of aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferases from trichomonas vaginalis and pig heart cytoplasm using substrate analogues.	1. series of structural analogues of the substrates and products of the aspartate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase reaction have been tested as reversible inhibitors of the purified aspartate aminotransferases from the protozoon trichomonas vaginalis and from pig heart cytoplasm. 2. the results highlight differences and similarities between the active site regions of the two enzymes which are relevant to a better understanding of the nature of the enzyme/substrate interactions which influence su ...	1987	3500014
effect of d-propranolol on growth and motility of flagellate protozoa.	propranolol inhibits sperm motility and has been considered as a spermicide contraceptive. in view of the inhibitory effects of d-propranolol on sperm flagellar activity, we have investigated its effect on motility and growth of two human flagellate, protozoan parasites. d-propranolol had a dose-dependant inhibitory effect on motility of giardia lamblia and trichomonas vaginalis with ed50s of 0.38 and 0.66 mmol/l respectively, d-propranolol also inhibited growth of both parasites with ed50s of 0 ...	1987	3500164
purification and characterization of pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase from the anaerobic protozoon trichomonas vaginalis.	the pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase from the anaerobic protozoon trichomonas vaginalis is an extrinsic protein bound to the hydrogenosomal membrane. it has been solubilized and purified to homogeneity, principally by salting-out chromatography on sepharose 4b. low recoveries of active enzyme were caused by inactivation by o2 and the irreversible loss of thiamin pyrophosphate. it is a dimeric enzyme of overall mr 240,000 and subunit mr 120,000. the enzyme contains, per mol of dimer, 7.3 +/- 0 ...	1987	3500709
[trichomonacidal drugs. 6. 2,4-dichloro derivatives of piperidino- and piperazinyl-1,3,5-triazine].	the nucleophilic substitution of one chlorine atom in cyanuric chloride (1) by piperidine derivatives (2a-c) leads to the 6-substituted 2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazines (3a-c). reaction of 1 with piperazine derivatives (4a-c) yields the substituted 2,4-dichloro-6-(1-piperazinyl)-1,3,5-triazines (5a-c). structures of type 3 and 5 may be characterized by the spectroscopic data. in the mass spectra, the degradation of 3c leading to the base peak comprises the cleavage into a 2,4-dichlorotriazinyl radic ...	1987	3501724
a rapid method for isolation of double stranded rna.	a rapid and simple method for the isolation and purification of dsrna is presented. the crucial step of this method is the extraction of proteins and dna with acid phenol. after the extraction, only rna is left in the aqueous phase. ssrna contamination of the rna preparation can be greatly reduced when ammonium sulfate is present during the extraction.	1987	3501861
[action of metronidazole on the parasite trichomonas vaginalis cultured in vitro].		1987	3501875
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis in women.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-(elisa) using whole trichomonas vaginalis as antigen was developed for measurement of serum antibody to t. vaginalis. sera from six women who denied ever having had genital contact were used as the negative control. of 38 women with proved t. vaginalis infection, 25 (66%) had elevated elisa values. values were usually very stable over weeks to months of follow-up. among a matched comparison group of 38 women attending the same clinic who did not have t. vagin ...	1987	3501903
a comparison of various methods for the determination of viability of parasitic flagellates.	to find out a simple, rapid, accurate, and reliable viability assay for in vitro anti-protozoa drug testing, a comparison among the various methods for the determination of flagellate viability was made. micro-colony forming efficiency up to 90% for three different flagellates was obtained by the agar plate method. macro-colony forming efficiency obtained by the culture tube method was generally lower (20-45%). viability determined by trypan blue exclusion correlated closely with viability deter ...	1987	3502376
the detection of leukocyte esterase activity in urine with a new reagent strip.	an evaluation of the ames leukostix reagent strips for the detection of leukocyte esterase activity in urine was undertaken to determine the interlot precision and between reader reliability, to compare leukostix and chemstrip ln results, and to determine if the ames leukostix reagent strip provides an alternative to, or supplement for, the microscopic detection of leukocytes. a total of 412 urines were analyzed with the ames and bio-dynamics reagent strips. the sensitivity and specificity of le ...	1987	3492135
an agar culture technique to quantitate trichomonas vaginalis from women.	in subjects with trichomoniasis the number of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal discharges or secretions is unknown. the presence of t. vaginalis was evaluated in 177 consecutive female patients attending an inner city sexually transmitted disease clinic by patient history, wet mount, and broth culture. t. vaginalis was quantitated by a novel agar culture technique. of the 177 women, 86 (49%) were positive for t. vaginalis by either wet mount or culture. clinical symptoms were not reliable for ma ...	1987	3492572
intravenous therapy of metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis.	metronidazole resistance is an uncommon cause of treatment failure of trichomonas vaginalis. high-dose intravenous metronidazole was used successfully to treat a patient in whom repeated oral therapy with this agent had failed. metronidazole resistance was documented by aerobic cultures for susceptibility; anaerobic cultures failed to indicate resistance. metronidazole serum levels were documented. with failure of repeated oral therapy, intravenous metronidazole may be indicated if there is no e ...	1987	3492696
relationship of vaginal ph and papanicolaou smear results to vaginal flora and pregnancy outcome.	prematurity is a major cause of perinatal morbidity. studies have implicated components of the vaginal flora in the etiology of some cases of preterm birth. current scoring systems do not include factors which directly reflect the vaginal flora. since papanicolaou smears and the vaginal ph may be affected by the vaginal flora and are easy tests to perform, we studied their relationship to vaginal flora and pregnancy outcome. among 231 patients, those with a vaginal ph greater than or equal to 4. ...	1987	2883041
use of monoclonal antibodies to identify, characterize, and purify a 96,000-dalton surface antigen of pathogenic entamoeba histolytica.	we identified and partially characterized a surface antigen of entamoeba histolytica by using seven monoclonal antibodies obtained after injecting mice with a pathogenic strain of amoeba. an intrinsically radiolabeled 96,000-dalton antigen was immunoprecipitated by five of the seven monoclonal antibodies; this antigen was present in three strains of e. histolytica. the antigen was situated on the external surface of e. histolytica, as demonstrated by agglutination and immunofluorescence staining ...	1987	2885384
[synthesis of new diheterocyclic derivatives of imidazole with antiparasitic activity].	a description is given of potential cyclic imidazoles such as 3,3-dichloro-2-methylenimino-acrylonitrile derived from nitro or non-nitro heterocycles, as well as the hydrazone, semicarbazone and arylpropenone derivatives of the 4-chloro-2-(5-nitro-2-thienyl) (v), 5-imidazole carboxaldehyde (iv) and the 5-bromothienyl analogue. the antiparasitic activity was tested in vitro against trichomonas vaginalis and entameba histolytica. some of the nitro containing compounds showed trichomonacidal activi ...	1987	2886364
[synthesis and antiparasitic activity of new nitro-5-imidazole derivatives].	syntheses are given for derivatives of the type: 2-amino-1-[(1-methyl-5-nitro-2-imidazolyl) methyleneimino] imidazole, of new hydrazones of 1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-2-carboxaldehyde and also for semicarbazones and a hydrazone of 1-methyl-5-nitro-2-(4-formyl-styryl)imidazole.	1987	2888689
action of anticytoskeletal compounds on in vitro cytopathic effect, phagocytosis, and adhesiveness of trichomonas vaginalis.	the cytopathic effects of trichomonas vaginalis treated with inhibitory concentrations of anticytoskeletal compounds (mebendazole, griseofulvin, colchicine, taxol, and cytochalasin b) were studied in mouse clid fibroblast cultures. the evaluation, at different times, of cell numbers and morphological alterations showed that cytopathic effect was considerably reduced when protozoa were pretreated with mebendazole and griseofulvin, whereas colchicine, taxol, and cytochalasin b had less effect. fur ...	1987	2888725
unloaded polyisobutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles: efficiency against bloodstream trypanosomes.	the potential use of polyisobutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles in antiparasitic chemotherapy is described. the nanoparticles on their own proved to have trypanocidal activity against trypanosoma brucei brucei in-vitro but not against trichomonas vaginalis or entamoeba histolytica. the trypanocidal activity was partly confirmed in-vivo with t. brucei-infected mice.	1987	2888859
[current therapeutic aspects of trichomonas vaginalis infections in gynecology].		1987	2972473
hydrogenosomal atp:amp phosphotransferase of trichomonas vaginalis.	1. atp:amp phosphotransferase (adenylate kinase) is present in trichomonas vaginalis, primarily with hydrogenosomal localization. 2. adenylate kinase has been purified from hydrogenosome-enriched fractions by solubilization with triton x-100 and kcl followed by affinity chromatography and gel filtration. 3. the enzyme has a mr = 28,000, a broad ph optimum of ph 7-9, requirement for mg2+ and specificity for adenine and deoxyadenine nucleotides. 4. the activity is competetively inhibited by p1,p5- ...	1987	2827949
s-adenosylmethionine and transmethylation reactions in trichomonads.	s-adenosylmethionine (sam) levels in trichomonads, a range of trypanosomatids and mouse liver were measured using hplc techniques. the concentrations were found to be similar in each with the exception of herpetomonas muscarum ingenoplastis, which contained approximately ten-fold more. living trichomonads were found to incorporate exogenous l-methionine into intracellular sam and its methyl carbon was also detected in lipids and nucleic acids, presumably through its involvement in transmethylati ...	1987	3108875
influence of microbial colonization on sperm-mucus interaction in vivo and in vitro.	two-hundred-and-thirty-three asymptomatic couples with a mean duration of infertility of 5 years were submitted to postcoital testing (pt) and to sperm penetration meter test (spmt) and simultaneous microbial screening. cervical swabs and semen specimens were collected for culture of mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, other potentially pathogenic and commensal aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, herpes simplex virus, vaginal swabs for trichomona ...	1987	3114313
antimicrobial effects of some mono- and bishydrazones.	antibacterial, antifungal and antiprotozoal effects of nine mono- and bishydrazones of glycolaldehyde, glyoxal, methoxyacetaldehyde and glutaraldehyde were studied using eight model organisms. it was found that bishydrazones are much more efficient antimicrobial agents than monohydrazones in the case of all model microorganisms.	1987	3117651
sexually transmittable organisms in the urethra of males with and without urethritis.	in 589 males, 169 with and 420 without urethritis, urethral swabs were taken and assessed semiquantitatively for the sexually transmittable infectious agents neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, trichomonas vaginalis and candida species. the organisms were isolated in patients with and without urethritis as follows: n. gonorrhoeae with urethritis 19.5%, without 0.0%; c. trachomatis with urethritis 16.0%, without 2.9%; u. urealyticum (high cfu- ...	1987	3118595
antitrichomonal activity of alpha-difluoromethylornithine.	alpha-difluoromethylornithine, an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, affected the pathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis in two model systems. firstly, it blocked the cytotoxic effect of the parasite towards mammalian cells in culture: at a concentration of 1 mm it prevented the death of mouse myeloma cells in mixed culture with trichomonads. secondly, when administered orally to mice (multiple doses of 750 mg/kg body wt), the drug delayed the development of subcutaneous abscesses due to t. va ...	1987	3119554
antimicrobial properties of aromatic compounds of plant origin.	the antimicrobial action of 11 compounds involving guaiacyl- and syringyl-like structures (low-molecular-weight part of lignin), gallic acid and its derivatives, cinnamic acid and its derivatives, veratric acid, anisic acid and crotonic acid (a total of 25 compounds) against bacteria, yeast-like organisms and protozoa was examined. aromatic compounds modified in the c-side chain and aldehydes were effective preferentially against trichomonas vaginalis, whereas against bacteria and yeast-like org ...	1987	3121479
the prevalence of sexually transmitted disease agents in pregnant women in suva.	routine testing of 440 women (257 fijians, 183 indians) at the first antenatal attendance identified chlamydia trachomatis in 50% of fijians and 38% of indians; the seropositivity rates for syphilis were 14.2% and 1.7% respectively, and the isolation rates for n. gonorrhoeae were 3.1% in fijians and 1.1% in indians.	1987	3124803
reduction of niridazole by metronidazole resistant and susceptible strains of trichomonas vaginalis.	the inhibitory effect of niridazole on hydrogen production by metronidazole-resistant (cdc-85) and susceptible (c1-nih) trichomonas vaginalis strains was investigated. the results show that niridazole is more effective than metronidazole in inhibiting hydrogen production by the resistant isolate. in cdc-85 aerobic inhibition requires a 4-fold increase in metronidazole concentration compared with that required anaerobically, but the corresponding factor for niridazole is only 1.5-fold. reduction ...	1987	3029651