Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| bwmk1, a rice mitogen-activated protein kinase, locates in the nucleus and mediates pathogenesis-related gene expression by activation of a transcription factor. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades are known to transduce plant defense signals, but the downstream components of the mapk have as yet not been elucidated. here, we report an mapk from rice (oryza sativa), bwmk1, and a transcription factor, oserebp1, phosphorylated by the kinase. the mapk carries a tdy phosphorylation motif instead of the more common tey motif in its kinase domain and has an unusually extended c-terminal domain that is essential to its kinase activity and transloca ... | 2003 | 12913152 |
| black rice (oryza sativa l. indica) pigmented fraction suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in chemical and biological model systems. | anthocyanins, present in fruits and vegetables as natural colorants, have been well characterized to possess bioactive properties. anthocyanin components extracted from black rice (oryza sativa l. indica) separated by gel filtration and identified using lc-ms were cyanidin 3-glucoside and peonidin 3-glucoside. a standardized extract of black rice pigmented fraction (bre) containing known proportions of cyanidin 3-glucoside and peonidin 3-glucoside exhibited marked antioxidant activities and free ... | 2003 | 12926869 |
| activation of hypersensitive response genes in the absence of pathogens in transgenic tobacco plants expressing a rice small gtpase. | transgenic tobacco ( nicotiana tabacum l.) plants constitutively expressing a rice ( oryza sativa l.) gene encoding a small gtpase, rgp1, showed marked resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) infection compared with the wild type [h. sano et al. (1994) proc natl acad sci usa 91:10556-10560]. in order to examine the gene expression profile, the temperature-shift method was adopted to hyper-activate the n-gene inducing the hypersensitive response (hr), and transcripts of 11 representative hr gene ... | 2003 | 12937984 |
| differential metal selectivity and gene expression of two zinc transporters from rice. | zinc is an essential mineral for a wide variety of physiological and biochemical processes. to understand zinc transport in cereals, we identified putative zinc transporters in gene databases. three full-length cdnas were identified and characterized from rice (oryza sativa). two of the cdnas partially complemented a yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant deficient in zinc uptake at low concentrations. the two transporters showed many similarities in function but differed in ionic selectivity a ... | 2003 | 12970480 |
| golden indica and japonica rice lines amenable to deregulation. | as an important step toward free access and, thus, impact of goldenrice, a freedom-to-operate situation has been achieved for developing countries for the technology involved. specifically, to carry the invention beyond its initial "proof-of-concept" status in a japonica rice (oryza sativa) cultivar, we report here on two transformed elite indica varieties (ir64 and mtl250) plus one japonica variety taipei 309. indica varieties are predominantly consumed in the areas with vitamin a deficiency. t ... | 2003 | 12970483 |
| functional dissections between gamyb and dof transcription factors suggest a role for protein-protein associations in the gibberellin-mediated expression of the ramy1a gene in the rice aleurone. | in the germinated cereal aleurone layer, gibberellic acids (ga) induce expression of a number of genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes that participate in the mobilization of stored molecules. previous analyses suggest that the key events controlling the ga-regulated gene expression in the aleurone are formation of active transcription machinery referred to as the ga responsive complex, followed by recruiting gamyb. in general, bipartite promoter contexts composed of the ga-responsive element and th ... | 2003 | 14500792 |
| a comparative study of genetic relationships among the aa-genome oryza species using rapd and ssr markers. | in order to estimate genetic relationships of the aa-genome oryza species, rapd and ssr analyses were performed with 45 accessions, including 13 cultivated varieties (eight oryza sativa and five oryza glaberrima) and 32 wild accessions (nine oryza rufipogon, seven oryza nivara, three oryza glumaepatula, four oryza longistaminata, six oryza barthii, and three oryza meridionalis). a total of 181 clear and repeatable bands were amplified from 27 selected rapd primers, and 101 alleles were detected ... | 2003 | 14504744 |
| identification of rice (oryza sativa) proteins linked to the cyclin-mediated regulation of the cell cycle. | yeast two-hybrid assays were used to identify rice proteins interacting with two rice cyclins and other proteins potentially involved in cell cycling. the dna sequences encoding 119 protein fragments identified were then compared by blast against proteins in genbank. the proteins found include myosin-like proteins, transcription factors, kinesins, centromere proteins and undefined proteins. based on interactions with cyclins and other elements required for cycling, we believe the undefined prote ... | 2003 | 14750518 |
| the osfor1 gene encodes a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) that regulates floral organ number in rice. | we have isolated a cdna clone, osfor1, from the immature panicles of rice. the osfor1 (oryza sativa floral organ regulator 1) gene encodes a protein that contains a leucine-rich repeat (lrr) domain. this domain comprises 10 tandem repeats of a canonical 24-amino acid lrr sequence. the structure and the number of lrrs for osfor1 are similar to those of polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) from various other plant species. moreover, the osfor1 recombinant protein, when fused to maltose-bi ... | 2003 | 14750524 |
| characterization of all the subunits of replication factor c from a higher plant, rice (oryza sativa l.), and their relation to development. | replication factor c (rfc), which is composed of five subunits, is an important factor involved in dna replication and repair mechanisms. following previous studies on the rfc3 homologue from rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare) (osrfc3), we succeeded in isolating and characterizing one large and three small subunits of rfc homologues from the same rice species and termed them osrfc1, osrfc2, osrfc4 and osrfc5. the plant was found to have all rfc subunits known in yeasts, human and other eukary ... | 2003 | 14756303 |
| cestrum yellow leaf curling virus (cmylcv) promoter: a new strong constitutive promoter for heterologous gene expression in a wide variety of crops. | appropriately regulated gene expression requires a suitable promoter. a number of promoters have been isolated and shown to be functional in plants, but only a few of them activate transcription of transgenes at high levels constitutively. we report here the cloning and characterization of a novel, constitutively expressed promoter isolated from cestrum yellow leaf curling virus (cmylcv), a double-stranded dna plant pararetrovirus belonging to the caulimoviridae family. the cmylcv promoter is hi ... | 2003 | 15010605 |
| effect of phenol on ultra structure and plasmid dna of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | most phenolic substances of plant origin are toxic to microorganisms and they confer some degree of protection to plants against phytopathogens. xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, bacterial blight pathogen of rice (oryza sativa) was treated with phenol (monohydroxy benzene) and its effects on the morphology and cytological changes of the bacterium were studied. total lysis of cells occurred with 5 mm conc of phenol while at 2 mm conc, the cell walls became rough and cell contents started shrinking. ... | 2003 | 15267140 |
| is it possible to detect echinochloa spp. tolerance to accase-inhibiting herbicides using a simple quick tolerance test? | the objective of this work was to evaluate the reliability of one quick tolerance test that would enable us, in only six days, to quantify tolerance levels of one biotype to one or more herbicides. for this purpose, we evaluated tolerance levels to cyhalofop-butyl of five echinochloa spp. biotypes: muricata, crus-galli, crus-pavonis, oryzicola and utilis, with unknown records of herbicide treatment. moreover, two biotypes of echinochloa phyllopogon were tested, one of them resistant (r) to fenox ... | 2003 | 15149127 |
| effects of bacillus thuringiensis on non-target herbivore and natural enemy assemblages in tropical irrigated rice. | endotoxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) produced in transgenic pest-resistant bt crops are generally not toxic to predatory and parasitic arthropods. however, elimination of bt-susceptible prey and hosts in bt crops could reduce predator and parasitoid abundance and thereby disrupt biological control of other herbivorous pests. here we report results of a field study evaluating the effects of bt sprays on non-target terrestrial herbivore and natural enemy assemblages from three rice (oryza s ... | 2003 | 15612416 |
| [application of ac/ds transposon system to genetate marker gene free transgenic plants in rice]. | it is critical to generate marker gene free transgenic plants for retransformating or eliminating the potential harmfulness of marker gene and its product. in this study, ac/ds transposon system was developed for removal of hpt selection marker gene to obtain marker-free transgenic plants in rice ( oryza sativa l.). ds element containing the interesting gene bar was constructed next to the selection marker gene hpt to get ds-t-dna. rice plants were transformed by agrobacterium tumefaciens eha105 ... | 2003 | 15971577 |
| [sequence analysis of bacterial transposon in nhx gene of populus euphratica]. | the united nations environment program estimates that approximately 20% of agricultural land and 50% of cropland in the world is salt-stressed. the gene nhx (na+/h+ exchanger) encodes functional protein that catalyzes the countertransport of na+ and h+ across membranes and may play an important role in plant salt tolerance. to clone the nhx from the wild plant populus euphratica collected in tarim basin and xinjiang wujiaqu district into a t-vector, designed primer was used to amplify 1kb nhx cd ... | 2003 | 15969097 |
| effects of fly ash and helminthosporium oryzae on growth and yield of three cultivars of rice. | a 120-day greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of various fly ash concentrations (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% vol/vol) with normal field soil and helminthosporium oryzae on the growth and yield of three cultivars (pusa basmati, pant-4 and pant-10) of rice, oryza sativa l. application of 20% and 40% fly ash with soil caused a significant increase in plant growth and yield of all the three cultivars. forty percent fly ash caused a higher increase in growth and yield than di ... | 2003 | 12421012 |
| isolation and characterization of two fructokinase cdna clones from rice. | two cdna clones, osfki and osfkii, encoding fructokinase (ec 2.7.1.4) were isolated from immature seeds of rice (oryza sativa l.) by pcr. osfki cdna encoded a deduced protein of 323 amino acids that was 59-71% identical to previously characterized plant fructokinases. in contrast, osfkii cdna encoded a deduced protein of 336 amino acids that shared only 64% amino acid identity with osfki. the deduced proteins both possessed an atp-binding motif and putative substrate recognition site sequences t ... | 2003 | 12475618 |
| metabolism of homocysteine-thiolactone in plants. | editing of the amino acid homocysteine (hcy) by certain aminoacyl-trna synthetases results in the formation of an intramolecular thioester, hcy-thiolactone. here we show that the plant yellow lupin, lupinus luteus, has the ability to synthesize hcy-thiolactone. the inhibition of methylation of hcy to methionine by the anitifolate drug aminopterin results in greatly enhanced synthesis of hcy-thiolactone by l. luteus plants. methionine inhibits the synthesis of hcy-thiolactone in l. luteus, sugges ... | 2003 | 12496251 |
| polyphyletic origin of cultivated rice: based on the interspersion pattern of sines. | the wild rice species oryza rufipogon with wide intraspecific variation is thought to be the progenitor of the cultivated rice species oryza sativa with two ecotypes, japonica and indica. to determine the origin of cultivated rice, subfamily members of the rice retroposon p-sine1, which show insertion polymorphism in the o. sativa -o. rufipogon population, were identified and used to "bar code" each of 101 cultivated and wild rice strains based on the presence or absence of the p-sine1 members a ... | 2003 | 12519908 |
| the plant mite mping is mobilized in anther culture. | transposable elements constitute a large portion of eukaryotic genomes and contribute to their evolution and diversification. miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (mites) constitute one of the main groups of transposable elements and are distributed ubiquitously in the genomes of plants and animals such as maize, rice, arabidopsis, human, insect and nematode. because active mites have not been identified, the transposition mechanism of mites and their accumulation in eukaryotic genome ... | 2003 | 12520303 |
| a host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecule (nod factor) enhances germination and early growth of diverse crop plants. | lipo-chitooligosaccharides (lcos), or nod factors, are host-specific bacteria-to-plant signal molecules essential for the establishment of a successful n(2)-fixing legume-rhizobia symbiosis. at submicromolar concentrations nod factors induce physiological changes in host and non-host plants. here we show that the nod factor nod bj v(c18:1,mefuc) of bradyrhizobium japonicum 532c enhances germination of a variety of economically important plants belonging to diverse botanical families: zea mays, o ... | 2003 | 12520335 |
| sucrose-phosphatase gene families in plants. | sucrose-phosphatase (spp; ec 3.1.3.24) catalyzes the final step in the pathway of sucrose biosynthesis and higher plants contain multiple isoforms of the enzyme encoded by different genes. the genome of the dicotyledonous plant arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) contains four spp-like genes on chromosomes 1 (atspp1), 2 (atspp2) and 3 (atspp3a and atspp3b), all of which are expressed. the genome of the monocotyledonous plant rice (oryza sativa) also contains four spp-like genes, which have very s ... | 2003 | 12559580 |
| arsenic contamination of bangladesh paddy field soils: implications for rice contribution to arsenic consumption. | arsenic contaminated groundwater is used extensively in bangladesh to irrigate the staple food of the region, paddy rice (oryza sativa l.). to determine if this irrigation has led to a buildup of arsenic levels in paddy fields, and the consequences for arsenic exposure through rice ingestion, a survey of arsenic levels in paddy soils and rice grain was undertaken. survey of paddy soils throughout bangladesh showed that arsenic levels were elevated in zones where arsenic in groundwater used for i ... | 2003 | 12564892 |
| regulation of biosynthesis and intracellular localization of rice and tobacco homologues of nucleosome assembly protein 1. | the nucleosome assembly protein 1 (nap1) is considered to be a conserved histone chaperone, facilitating the assembly of nucleosomes in all eukaryotes. however, studies in yeast and animal cells also indicated that nap1 proteins have diverse functions likely independent of nucleosome-assembly activity. here, we describe the isolation and characterization of cdnas encoding nap1-like proteins from the monocotyledon rice ( oryza sativa l.) and the dicotyledon tobacco ( nicotiana tabacum l.). northe ... | 2003 | 12569397 |
| expression and localization of human lysozyme in the endosperm of transgenic rice. | in order to understand the characteristics of recombinant protein expression and sublocalization in rice ( oryza sativa l.) endosperm, we examined the expression level of human lysozyme protein and its subcellular location in transgenic rice seeds driven by rice glutelin and globulin promoters and signal peptides. a time course of human lysozyme expression during endosperm development was analyzed. the results showed that the expression profile of recombinant protein accumulation in endosperm pa ... | 2003 | 12569401 |
| overexpression of bax inhibitor suppresses the fungal elicitor-induced cell death in rice (oryza sativa l) cells. | treatment of suspension-cultured cells of rice (oryza sativa l.) with cell wall extract of rice blast fungus (magnaporthe grisea) elicits a rapid generation of h2o2, alkalinization of culture medium, and eventual cell death. to elucidate genes involved in these processes, we exploited sage (serial analysis of gene expression) technique for the molecular analysis of cell death in suspension-cultured cells treated with the elicitor. among the downregulated genes in the elicitor-treated cells, a bi ... | 2003 | 12581301 |
| assessing hybrid sterility in oryza glaberrima x o. sativa hybrid progenies by pcr marker analysis and crossing with wide compatibility varieties. | interspecific crossing of the african indigenous rice oryza glaberrima with oryza sativa cultivars is hindered by crossing barriers causing 100% spikelet sterility in f(1) hybrids. since hybrids are partially female fertile, fertility can be restored by back crossing (bc) to a recurrent male parent. distinct genetic models on spikelet sterility have been developed predicting, e.g., the existence of a gamete eliminator and/or a pollen killer. linkage of sterility to the waxy starch synthase gene ... | 2003 | 12851767 |
| molecular cloning and functional analysis of a novel type of bowman-birk inhibitor gene family in rice. | bowman-birk inhibitor (bbi) genes encode serine protease inhibitors that have repetitive cysteine-rich domains with reactive sites for the trypsin or chymotrypsin family. we have identified seven bbi genes from japonica rice (oryza sativa subsp. japonica var teqing). all of the genes identified were found in a single cluster on the southern end of the long arm of rice chromosome 1. four of the seven bbi genes have two repetitive cysteine-rich domains, whereas one has a truncated domain with only ... | 2003 | 12972663 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for grain quality in an advanced backcross population derived from the oryza sativa variety ir64 and the wild relative o. rufipogon. | the objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) associated with grain quality in rice. two hundred eighty-five bc(2)f(2 )families developed from an interspecific cross between cv ir64 and oryza rufipogon (irgc 105491) were evaluated for 14 seed quality traits. a total of 165 markers consisting of 131 single sequence repeats and 34 restriction fragment length polymorphism markers were used to create a genetic linkage map spanning the 12 rice chromosomes. twenty-three in ... | 2003 | 14513216 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci for yield, yield components and morphological traits in an advanced backcross population between oryza rufipogon and the oryza sativa cultivar jefferson. | an advanced backcross population between an accession of oryza rufipogon (irgc 105491) and the u.s. cultivar jefferson (oryza sativa ssp. japonica) was developed to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for yield, yield components and morphological traits. the genetic linkage map generated for this population consisted of 153 ssr and rflp markers with an average interval size of 10.3 cm. thirteen traits were examined, nine of which were measured in multiple environments. seventy-six qtls above ... | 2003 | 12736777 |
| identification and mapping of the qtl for aluminum tolerance introgressed from the new source, oryza rufipogon griff., into indica rice (oryza sativa l.). | this study was conducted to identify and map the quantitative trait locus (qtl) controlling al tolerance in rice using molecular markers. a population of 171 f(6) recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from the cross of oryza sativa (ir64), the al susceptible parent, and oryza rufipogon, the al tolerant parent, was evaluated for al tolerance using a nutrient solution with and without 40 ppm of active al(+3). a genetic map, consisting of 151 molecular markers covering 1,755 cm with an average di ... | 2003 | 12595985 |
| putative proteins related to group ii intron reverse transcriptase/maturases are encoded by nuclear genes in higher plants. | the arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome sequence revealed several open reading frames encoding proteins related to group ii intron-encoded reverse transcriptase/maturases. here, we show via sequence alignments that at least four such open reading frames are conserved in the nuclear genomes of a.thaliana and oryza sativa (rice) and that they encode putative proteins belonging to two different classes (nmat-1 and nmat-2), neither of which is associated with a group ii intron rna structure. the two ... | 2003 | 12527773 |
| the evolutionarily conserved osprr quintet: rice pseudo-response regulators implicated in circadian rhythm. | in arabidopsis thaliana, a number of circadian-associated factors have been identified, including toc1 (timing of cab expression 1) that is believed to be a component of the central oscillator. toc1 is a member of a small family of proteins, designated as arabidopsis pseudo-response regulators (aprr1/toc1, aprr3, aprr5, aprr7, and aprr9). as demonstrated previously, these aprr1/toc1 quintet members are crucial for a better understanding of the molecular links between circadian rhythms, control o ... | 2003 | 14634161 |
| comprehensive analysis of nac family genes in oryza sativa and arabidopsis thaliana. | the nac domain was originally characterized from consensus sequences from petunia nam and from arabidopsis ataf1, ataf2, and cuc2. genes containing the nac domain (nac family genes) are plant-specific transcriptional regulators and are expressed in various developmental stages and tissues. we performed a comprehensive analysis of nac family genes in oryza sativa (a monocot) and arabidopsis thaliana (a dicot). we found 75 predicted nac proteins in full-length cdna data sets of o. sativa (28,469 c ... | 2003 | 15029955 |
| abundance of plastid dna insertions in nuclear genomes of rice and arabidopsis. | pairwise comparison of whole plastid and draft nuclear genomic sequences of arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa l. ssp. indica shows that rice nuclear genomic sequences contain homologs of plastid dna covering about 94 kb (83%) of plastid genome and including one or more full-length intact (without mutations resulting in premature stop codons) homologues of 26 known protein-coding (kpc) plastid genes. by contrast, only about 20 kb (16%) of chloroplast dna, including a single intact plastid-der ... | 2003 | 14558655 |
| lumenp--a neural network predictor for protein localization in the thylakoid lumen. | we report the development of lumenp, a new neural network-based predictor for the identification of proteins targeted to the thylakoid lumen of plant chloroplasts and prediction of their cleavage sites. when used together with the previously developed targetp predictor, lumenp reaches a significantly better performance than what has been recorded for previous attempts at predicting thylakoid lumen location, mostly due to a lower false positive rate. the combination of targetp and lumenp predicts ... | 2003 | 14500894 |
| genome-wide comparative phylogenetic analysis of the rice and arabidopsis dof gene families. | dof proteins are a family of plant-specific transcription factors that contain a particular class of zinc-finger dna-binding domain. members of this family have been found to play diverse roles in gene regulation of processes restricted to the plants. the completed genome sequences of rice and arabidopsis constitute a valuable resource for comparative genomic analyses, since they are representatives of the two major evolutionary lineages within the angiosperms. in this framework, the identificat ... | 2003 | 12877745 |
| genetic manipulation of glycine decarboxylation. | the glycine-serine interconversion, catalysed by glycine decarboxylase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase, is an important reaction of primary metabolism in all organisms including plants, by providing one-carbon units for many biosynthetic reactions. in plants, in addition, it is an integral part of the photorespiratory metabolic pathway and produces large amounts of photorespiratory co(2) within mitochondria. although controversial, there is significant evidence that this process, by the relo ... | 2003 | 12730263 |
| genomewide structural annotation and evolutionary analysis of the type i mads-box genes in plants. | the type i mads-box genes constitute a largely unexplored subfamily of the extensively studied mads-box gene family, well known for its role in flower development. genes of the type i mads-box subfamily possess the characteristic mads box but are distinguished from type ii mads-box genes by the absence of the keratin-like box. in this in silico study, we have structurally annotated all 47 members of the type i mads-box gene family in arabidopsis thaliana and exerted a thorough analysis of the c- ... | 2003 | 12698294 |
| identification, cdna cloning and possible roles of seed-specific rice asparaginyl endopeptidase, rep-2. | we previously showed that two major cysteine endopeptidases, rep-1 and rep-2, were present in germinated rice ( oryza sativa l.) seeds, and that rep-1 was the enzyme that digests seed storage proteins. the present study shows that rep-2 is an asparaginyl endopeptidase that acts as an activator of rep-1, and we separated it into two forms, rep-2alpha (39 kda) and rep-2beta (40 kda), using ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. although analysis of the amino terminals revea ... | 2003 | 12684786 |
| two genes encoding protein phosphatase 2a catalytic subunits are differentially expressed in rice. | type 2a serine/threonine protein phosphatase (pp2a) plays a variety of regulatory roles in metabolism and signal transduction. two closely related pp2a catalytic subunit (pp2ac) genes, ospp2a-1 and ospp2a-3, have been isolated from the monocot oryza sativa. both genes contain six exons and five introns which intervene at identical locations, suggesting they have descended from a recent duplication event. their encoded proteins share 97% sequence identity and are highly similar (94-96%) to a pp2a ... | 2003 | 12602862 |
| a new aox homologous gene osim1 from rice (oryza sativa l.) with an alternative splicing mechanism under salt stress. | a differentially expressed osim1 gene was isolated from rice salt-tolerant mutant m-20 by differential display. sequence analysis revealed that the amino-acid sequence of osim1 showed 66% and 62% identity with ptox from tomato ( capsicum annuum) and atim from arabidopsis, both of which encoded chloroplast-orientated terminal oxidase. comparison of the nucleotide sequence of the osim1 cdna with its genomic sequence revealed that osim1 genomic dna contained nine exons and eight introns. a pseudo-t ... | 2003 | 12669200 |
| reduction in the endogenous arginine decarboxylase transcript levels in rice leads to depletion of the putrescine and spermidine pools with no concomitant changes in the expression of downstream genes in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway. | we investigated whether down-regulation of arginine decarboxylase (adc) activity and concomitant changes in polyamine levels result in changes in the expression of downstream genes in the polyamine pathway. we generated transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) plants in which the rice adc gene was down-regulated by expression of its antisense oat (avena sativa l.) ortholog. plants expressed the oat mrna adc transcript at different levels. the endogenous transcript was down-regulated in five out of eigh ... | 2003 | 12898254 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a new na+/h+ antiporter gene from brassica napus. | a new na+/h+ vacuolar antiporter gene from brassica napus was cloned. the full-length cdna of b. napus antiporter gene (bnnhx1, genbank acc. no. ay189676) was 1819 bp and contained a 1545 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 515 amino acids. homology analysis and molecular modeling revealed that bnnhx1 strongly resembled other na+/h+ antiporter genes. its encoded protein belonged to a typical sodium/hydrogen exchanger superfamily and shared consensus sequences within predicted transmember ... | 2003 | 14756421 |
| responses of soybean to oxygen deficiency and elevated root-zone carbon dioxide concentration. | root flooding is damaging to the growth of crop plants such as soybean (glycine max l.). field flooding for 3 d often results in leaf chlorosis, defoliation, cessation of growth and plant death. these effects have been widely attributed solely to a lack of oxygen in the root-zone. however, an additional damaging factor may be co(2), which attains levels of 30 % (v/v) of total dissolved gases. accordingly, the effects of root-zone co(2) on oxygen-deficient soybean plants were investigated in hydr ... | 2003 | 12588724 |
| [genes mapping on rice allelopathy against barnyardgrass]. | by using the relay seeding technique with slight modification, a population of 134 recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross between indica rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar zhong 156 x gumei 2 and contained 168 dna markers covering all 12 chromosomes with 1447.9 cm spans was employed to evaluate the rice allelopathic effect on barnyardgrass [echinochloa crus-galli (i.) beauv.]. the phenotyping values of the biomass of barnyardgrass infested with rice materials were employed to map the ... | 2003 | 15031929 |
| purification and characterization of rice alpha-glucosidase, a key enzyme for alcohol fermentation of rice polish. | alpha-glucosidase, a key enzyme for nuka-sake brewing, was purified from oryza sativa cv. yamadanishiki, which is widely used for sake brewing. the molecular weight of the purified enzyme was 95 kda. the optimum ph and temperature were 4.5 and 55 degrees c, respectively. the substrate specificity differed from that of oryza sativa cv. shinsetsu, which is a variety of rice consumed as a cereal. the extraction of alpha-glucosidase from the rice was stimulated by lactic acid, which suggests that la ... | 2003 | 16233375 |
| [a novel method of extracting total rna from rice embryo samples]. | a novel and simple ctab-licl-based extraction method for high-quality and total rna of rice embryo samples is developed. this method can efficiently eliminate the interference of polysaccharide and lipids rich in rice (oryza sativa l.) embryo obtained under room temperature without using liquid nitrogen. the results of ultraviolet spectrophotometer and agarose gel electrophoresis analysis show that the obtained rna has no obvious degradation and a good purity sufficient for further rt-pcr and rn ... | 2003 | 15639856 |
| alternative control of two biotypes of echinochloa phyllopogon susceptible and resistant to fenoxaprop-ethyl. | rice (oryza sativa var.), is one of the most important crops worldwide, and is cultivated in the five continents since it adapts itself to all climatic conditions. the most important weeds that reduce the world rice yield are echinochloa spp., annual gramineae, which, because of the selection pressure imposed on them, have developed resistance to a large series of herbicides. two echinochloa phyllopogon biotypes were studied, one of them resistant to molinate, thiobencarb and fenoxaprop-ethyl an ... | 2003 | 15149136 |
| [heterosis and genetic correlation analysis of rice (oryza sativa l.) grain weight development under different environmental conditions]. | two sets of test materials were derived from diallel cross among nine different types of selected rice varieties (lines). based on the experimental data at different development stages of early and late rice, the estimation of heterosis and genetic correlation of rice grain weight at some development stages (0-->t) or at some special development phases (t--1-->t) was conducted by using additive-dominant genetic model and developmental genetic model for quantitative traits. the results indicated ... | 2003 | 15031916 |
| characterization of two phosphate transporters from barley; evidence for diverse function and kinetic properties among members of the pht1 family. | putative phosphate transporters have been identified in a barley (hordeum vulgare l.) genomic library by their homology to known phosphate transporters from dicot species. the genes designated horvu;pht1;1 and horvu;pht1;6 encode proteins of 521 and 535 amino acids respectively with 12 predicted membrane-spanning domains and other motifs common to the phtl family of phosphate transporters. horvu;pht1;1 is expressed exclusively in roots and is strongly induced by phosphate deprivation. horvu;pht1 ... | 2003 | 14756304 |
| characterization of qtls for harvest index and source-sink characters in a dh population of rice (oryza sativa l.). | a dh population containing 81 dh lines from an indica-japonica cross of rice and an rflp linkage map consisting of 232 markers were used to map quantitative trait loci(qtls) for harvest index, biomass, grain yield, sink capacity and plant height by a computer program qtlmapper1.0 based on mixed linear models. a total of 21 significant main-effect qtls and 9 pairs of epistatic loci were detected. of these, three detected qtls for grain yield collectively accounted for 42% of the phenotypic variat ... | 2003 | 14986429 |
| [observation amyloplasts in the gravity-insensitive mutant of rice under gravity and microgravity conditions]. | using histochemistry and optical microscope, we examined the number and the size of amyloplasts in specialized tissues of gravitropically receptive organs-tissues such as the coleoptile and sheath of rice mutant (insensitive to gravity) and wide type (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica) (zhonghua 11). we found there was no statistical difference between the mutant and wide type, both of which grew on earth or on the clinostat respectively. on earth, it was found that amyloplasts sedimented at the d ... | 2003 | 14724941 |
| toward detoxifying mercury-polluted aquatic sediments with rice genetically engineered for mercury resistance. | mercury contamination of soil and water is a serious problem at many sites in the united states and throughout the world. plant species expressing the bacterial mercuric reductase gene, mera, convert ionic mercury, hg(ii), from growth substrates to the less toxic metallic mercury, hg(0). this activity confers mercury resistance to plants and removes mercury from the plant and substrates through volatilization. our goal is to develop plants that intercept and remove hg(ii) from polluted aquatic s ... | 2003 | 14713034 |
| [analysis of additive and ae interaction effects of qtls controlling plant height, heading date and panicle number in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | plant height (ph), heading date (hd) and productive panicle number (pn) are important agronomic trait in rice. appropriate plant height, heading date and panicle number are prerequisites for the desired high and stable yield level in rice breeding programs. a recombinant inbred line (ril) population consisting of 304 individuals was derived from a cross between indica varieties zhong156 and gumei2, from which a linkage map consisting of 168 rflp, sslp, rapd and rga markers that distribute on all ... | 2003 | 14669505 |
| mapping qtl for traits associated with resistance to ferrous iron toxicity in rice (oryza sativa l.), using japonica chromosome segment substitution lines. | a mapping population of 66 japonica chromosome segment substitution lines (cssls) in indica genetic background, derived from a cross between a japonica variety asominori and an indica variety ir24 by the single-seed descent, backcrossing and marker-assisted selection, was used to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) for leaf bronzing index (lbi), stem dry weight (sdw), plant height (ph), root length (rl) and root dry weight (rdw) under fe2+ stress condition in rice. two parents and 66 japonica ... | 2003 | 14669504 |
| an assessment of the resistance gene analogues of oryza sativa ssp. japonica: their presence and structure. | rice is the first cereal genome of known draft sequence, and the finished sequence for it is now nearly complete. in this paper, we describe a preliminary analysis of known rice genes aimed to detect resistance gene analogues of known structural classes. putative resistance genes were identified in a dual approach--by using blastp searches to identify candidate sequences and by using hidden markov models to predict domain presence in the candidates. the set of proteins examined was obtained from ... | 2003 | 14668919 |
| monitoring expression profiles of rice genes under cold, drought, and high-salinity stresses and abscisic acid application using cdna microarray and rna gel-blot analyses. | to identify cold-, drought-, high-salinity-, and/or abscisic acid (aba)-inducible genes in rice (oryza sativa), we prepared a rice cdna microarray including about 1700 independent cdnas derived from cdna libraries prepared from drought-, cold-, and high-salinity-treated rice plants. we confirmed stress-inducible expression of the candidate genes selected by microarray analysis using rna gel-blot analysis and finally identified a total of 73 genes as stress inducible including 58 novel unreported ... | 2003 | 14645724 |
| transferability of microsatellite and sequence tagged site markers in oryza species. | the genus oryza comprises 22 species which are potentially useful as a source of genetic variability that can be introgressed into the worldwide cultivated rice, oryza sativa. molecular markers are useful tools for monitoring gene introgressions and for detecting polymorphism among species. in this study, cross-amplification was estimated among 28 accessions of 16 oryza species, representing the genomes aa, bb, cc, bbcc and ccdd, using 59 microsatellite (og, os and rm series) and 15 sts (sequenc ... | 2003 | 14641482 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel hsp100/clp gene (osclpd) from oryza sativa. | a novel osclpd gene, encoding a highly conservative clpd subfamily member, was first isolated and characterized from oryza sativa. the full-length cdna of osclpd gene was 3140 bp and contained a 2884 bp open reading frame encoding a 938 amino acid protein. the phylogenetic tree and blast search showed that osclpd belonged to the clpd subfamily of the hsp100/clp family, and contained all protein motifs characteristic for the clpd subfamily of hsp100/clp proteins. the real-time quantitative pcr an ... | 2003 | 14640074 |
| growth and cell wall changes in rice roots during spaceflight. | we analyzed the changes in growth and cell wall properties of roots of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari) grown for 68.5, 91.5, and 136 h during the space shuttle sts-95 mission. in space, most of rice roots elongated in a direction forming a constant mean angle of about 55 degrees with the perpendicular base line away from the caryopsis in the early phase of growth, but later the roots grew in various directions, including away from the agar medium. in space, elongation growth of roots was ... | 2003 | 14631940 |
| temperature modulates the cell wall mechanical properties of rice coleoptiles by altering the molecular mass of hemicellulosic polysaccharides. | the present study was conducted to investigate the mechanism inducing the difference in the cell wall extensibility of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari) coleoptiles grown under various temperature (10-50 degrees c) conditions. the growth rate and the cell wall extensibility of rice coleoptiles exhibited the maximum value at 30-40 degrees c, and became smaller as the growth temperature rose or dropped from this temperature range. the amounts of cell wall polysaccharides per unit length of co ... | 2003 | 14631937 |
| cdna cloning and expression analysis of the rice (oryza sativa l.) rnase l inhibitor. | a subtractive cdna library was constructed using rice (oryza sativa l.) callus cdna as driver and differentiating callus cdna as tester. a novel cdna fragment encoding rnase l inhibitor (rli) was isolated by screening the subtractive library, which had a higher expression level in differentiating callus than in callus. the full-length cdna of rice-rli was obtained by the method of rapid amplification of cdna ends, which contained a 1812-bp open reading frame encoding a 604 amino acid polypeptide ... | 2003 | 14631652 |
| auxin responsiveness of a novel cytochrome p450 in rice coleoptiles. | an early auxin-induced gene was isolated from rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica cv nihonmasari) coleoptiles by a fluorescent-labeled differential display screen. the full-length gene contains conserved domains characteristic for the cytochrome p450 superfamily. this gene, designated as cyp87a3, was weakly expressed in dark-grown coleoptiles but was up-regulated rapidly and transiently when coleoptile segments were incubated in 5 microm indole-3-acetic acid. this induction by auxin could not ... | 2003 | 14630954 |
| glycosylphosphatidylinositol lipid anchoring of plant proteins. sensitive prediction from sequence- and genome-wide studies for arabidopsis and rice. | posttranslational glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) lipid anchoring is common not only for animal and fungal but also for plant proteins. the attachment of the gpi moiety to the carboxyl-terminus after proteolytic cleavage of a c-terminal propeptide is performed by the transamidase complex. its four known subunits also have obvious full-length orthologs in the arabidopsis and rice (oryza sativa) genomes; thus, the mechanism of substrate protein processing appears similar for all eukaryotes. a l ... | 2003 | 14681532 |
| interaction between two auxin-resistant mutants and their effects on lateral root formation in rice (oryza sativa l.). | since root elongation is very sensitive to auxin, screening for reduced inhibition in root elongation has been an important method for the detection of auxin-resistant mutants. two recessive auxin-resistant lines of rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica cv. ir8), arm1 and arm2, have been isolated by screening for resistance to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). arm1 displays a variety of morphological defects including reduced lateral root formation, increased seminal root elongation, reduced r ... | 2003 | 14623941 |
| oshap3 genes regulate chloroplast biogenesis in rice. | we have isolated three genes that potentially encode a hap3/nuclear factor-yb (nf-yb)/ccaat binding factor-a (cbf-a) subunit of a ccaat-box binding complex in rice (oryza sativa), and named them oshap3a, oshap3b and oshap3c. these genes were expressed in various organs including leaves. in the transgenic rice plants with antisense or rnai construct of oshap3a, reduced expression of not only oshap3a but also oshap3b and oshap3c was observed. these plants had pale green leaves, in which the amount ... | 2003 | 14617083 |
| accumulation of lea proteins in salt (nacl) stressed young seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar bura rata and their degradation during recovery from salinity stress. | germination and subsequent hydroponic growth under salt stress (100 mmol/l nacl) triggered an accumulation of six major stress proteins and resulted in a growth arrest of young seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l.) cv. bura rata. based on two-dimensional electrophoretic resolution, partial amino acid sequencing and immunodetection techniques, four of the salt stress-induced polypeptides were identified as lea proteins. under all experimental conditions wherein seedlings exhibited superior halotole ... | 2003 | 14610885 |
| impaired induction of the jasmonate pathway in the rice mutant hebiba. | the elongation of rice (oryza sativa) coleoptiles is inhibited by light, and this photoinhibition was used to screen for mutants with impaired light response. in one of the isolated mutants, hebiba, coleoptile elongation was stimulated in the presence of red light, but inhibited in the dark. light responses of endogenous indolyl-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid were identical between the wild type and the mutant. in contrast, the wild type showed a dramatic increase of jasmonate heralded by corre ... | 2003 | 14605232 |
| how do plants achieve tolerance to phosphorus deficiency? small causes with big effects. | genotypic differences in phosphorus (p) uptake from p-deficient soils may be due to higher root growth or higher external root efficiency (micrograms of p taken up per square centimeter of root surface area). both factors are highly interrelated because any additional p provided by externally efficient roots will also stimulate root growth. it will be necessary to separate both factors to identify a primary mechanism to formulate hypotheses on pathways and genes causing genotypic differences in ... | 2003 | 14605228 |
| conserved subgroups and developmental regulation in the monocot rop gene family. | rop small gtpases are plant-specific signaling proteins with roles in pollen and vegetative cell growth, abscisic acid signal transduction, stress responses, and pathogen resistance. we have characterized the rop family in the monocots maize (zea mays) and rice (oryza sativa). the maize genome contains at least nine expressed rops, and the fully sequenced rice genome has seven. based on phylogenetic analyses of all available rops, the family can be subdivided into four groups that predate the di ... | 2003 | 14605221 |
| enhancement of transpiration by ethylene is responsible for absence of internodal elongation in floating rice at low humidity. | internodal elongation in floating rice (oryza sativa) is known to be enhanced by treatment with ethylene or gibberellic acid (ga3) at high relative humidity (rh). however, ethylene-induced internodal elongation is inhibited at low rh, while ga3-induced internodal elongation is hardly affected by humidity. we examined the effects of ethylene and ga3 on the rate of transpiration in stem segments incubated at 30% or 100% rh. ethylene promoted the transpiration of stem segments at 30% rh, but not at ... | 2003 | 14593815 |
| the redistribution of protein sulfur in transgenic rice expressing a gene for a foreign, sulfur-rich protein. | sulfur amino acid composition is an important determinant of seed protein quality. a chimeric gene encoding sunflower seed albumin (ssa), one of the most sulfur-rich seed storage proteins identified so far, was introduced into rice (oryza sativa) in order to modify cysteine and methionine content of the seed. analysis of a transgenic line expressing ssa at approximately 7% of total seed protein revealed that the mature grain showed little change in the total sulfur amino acid content compared to ... | 2003 | 12662304 |
| effect of high temperature on fine structure of amylopectin in rice endosperm by reducing the activity of the starch branching enzyme. | rice (oryza sativa l.) grain quality is affected by the environmental temperature it experiences. to investigate the physiological molecular mechanisms of the effect of high temperatures on rice grain, a non-waxy indica rice was grown under two temperature conditions, (29/35 degrees c) and (22/28 degrees c), during the ripening stage in two phytotrons. the activities and gene expression of key enzymes for the biosynthesis of amylose and amylopectin were examined. the activity and expression leve ... | 2003 | 12657298 |
| tourist c transposable elements are closely associated with genes expressed in flowers of rice (oryza sativa). | tourist elements comprise a group of transposable elements in plants. one of these elements, tourist-osacata(a tourist c element), has been found in the 5; flanking region of a catalase gene, cata, in rice (oryza sativa). using reverse transcriptase-pcr (rt-pcr) analyses of leaves, roots, flowers and developing seeds of rice, we assessed the transcription levels of ten known genes containing tourist c elements, and of three additional putative genes for which expressed sequence tags (ests) inclu ... | 2003 | 12655403 |
| formation of solo-ltrs through unequal homologous recombination counterbalances amplifications of ltr retrotransposons in rice oryza sativa l. | we studied the dynamics of hopi, retrosat1, and rire3, three gypsy-like long terminal repeat (ltr) retrotransposons, in oryza sativa l. genome. for each family, we assessed the phenetic relationships of the copies and estimated the date of insertion of the complete copies through the evaluation of their ltr divergence. we show that within each family, distinct phenetic groups have inserted at significantly different times, within the past 5 myr and that two major amplification events may have oc ... | 2003 | 12654934 |
| effects of season-dependent irradiance levels and nitrogen-deficiency on photosynthesis and photoinhibition in field-grown rice (oryza sativa). | photoinhibition and acclimation of photosynthesis in rice plants grown under n-sufficient (ns) and n-deficient (nd) field conditions were investigated during the tropical wet (ws) and dry (ds) seasons in the philippines. diurnal patterns of co2 assimilation were examined. there was a transient peak in co2 assimilation in the leaves of the ns plants in the early morning during the ds and the ws, which was not seen in the nd plants in either season. nd leaves had lower ribulose bisphosphate carbox ... | 2003 | 12654034 |
| transcription factor binding study by capillary zone electrophoretic mobility shift assay. | regulation of gene expression through interaction of proteins with specific dna sequences is a central issue in functional genomics. capillary electrophoretic mobility shift assay is an efficient novel method for the investigation of sequence specific protein-dna interactions, allowing rapid and sensitive quantification of the complex formation. in this paper, we present a pilot study on capillary zone electrophoretic mobility shift assay (czemsa) to investigate the interaction between the trans ... | 2003 | 12652578 |
| a proteomics approach to investigating promotive effects of brassinolide on lamina inclination and root growth in rice seedlings. | the application of brassinolide (bl) to the lamina joint region of rice (oryza sativa l., cv. nipponbare) seedlings caused marked bending of laminae, and bl influenced rice root growth under intact conditions. a remarkable increase in lamina inclination at bl 1 microm and an evident increase in root elongation at bl 0.01 microm were observed compared with the control. a total of 786 and 508 proteins extracted from the lamina joint and root, respectively, were detected in images of two-dimensiona ... | 2003 | 12673015 |
| genome-wide intraspecific dna-sequence variations in rice. | genome-wide comparative analysis of the dna sequences of two major cultivated rice subspecies, oryza sativa l. ssp indica and oryza sativa l. ssp japonica, have revealed their extensive microcolinearity in gene order and content. however, deviations from colinearity are frequent owing to insertions or deletions. intraspecific sequence polymorphisms commonly occur in both coding and non-coding regions. these variations often affect gene structures and may contribute to intraspecific phenotypic ad ... | 2003 | 12667869 |
| male-sterility of thermosensitive genic male-sterile rice is associated with premature programmed cell death of the tapetum. | the tapetum plays a crucial role in pollen development. this secretory tissue produces numerous nutritive proteins necessary for pollen maturation. the tapetum, whose cells undergo programmed cell death (pcd), is completely diminished by the time the pollen is fully mature. our previous studies on a thermosensitive genic male-sterile (tgms) rice (oryza sativa l.) suggested that male-sterility was due to failure in pollen development. in this paper we describe how further analysis of the tgms ric ... | 2003 | 12692728 |
| salinity tolerance of japonica and indica rice (oryza sativa l.) at the seedling stage. | in order to identify the degree of salinity tolerance of the indica and japonica rice groups, 10 varieties were tested under saline and non-saline conditions. twelve-day-old seedlings were grown in normal culture solution, then initially salinized at an electrical conductivity (ec) of 6 ds/m for 4 days, and finally salinized at an ec of 12 ds/m for the next 14 days. the growth parameters, and na and k absorption in the shoot were measured to characterize the tolerance level of the two rice group ... | 2003 | 12687373 |
| control of tillering in rice. | tillering in rice (oryza sativa l.) is an important agronomic trait for grain production, and also a model system for the study of branching in monocotyledonous plants. rice tiller is a specialized grain-bearing branch that is formed on the unelongated basal internode and grows independently of the mother stem (culm) by means of its own adventitious roots. rice tillering occurs in a two-stage process: the formation of an axillary bud at each leaf axil and its subsequent outgrowth. although the m ... | 2003 | 12687001 |
| starch-branching enzyme i-deficient mutation specifically affects the structure and properties of starch in rice endosperm. | we have isolated a starch mutant that was deficient in starch-branching enzyme i (bei) from the endosperm mutant stocks of rice (oryza sativa) induced by the treatment of fertilized egg cells with n-methyl-n-nitrosourea. the deficiency of bei in this mutant was controlled by a single recessive gene, tentatively designated as starch-branching enzyme mutant 1 (sbe1). the mutant endosperm exhibited the normal phenotype and contained the same amount of starch as the wild type. however, the mutation ... | 2003 | 14526120 |
| cell-cycle-related variation in proteins in suspension-cultured rice cells. | to understand the cell cycle process in plants, we searched for proteins that quantitatively change during the cell cycle in suspension-cultured rice ( oryza sativa l.) cells. the proteins were analyzed by a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis image-analysis system. we detected 11 proteins that quantitatively changed during the cell cycle, among which beta-tubulins and a calreticulin-like protein were identified. the amounts of beta-tubulin proteins were low in the m phase and hig ... | 2003 | 14523618 |
| alien genes introgression and development of monosomic alien addition lines from oryza latifolia desv. to rice, oryza sativa l. | oryza latifolia, a tetraploid wild relative of cultivated rice is an important source of resistance to bacterial blight (bb), the brown planthopper (bph) and the whitebacked planthopper (wbph). interspecific hybrids were obtained between an elite breeding line (ir31917-45-3-2) of oryza sativa (2n=24 aa) and o. latifolia acc. no. 100914 (2n=48 ccdd). the crossability in f1 was 7.58% and it ranged from 0.11 to 0.62 in backcross generations. the f1 hybrid showed 2-6 ii, 0-2 iii, 0-1 iv and 22-32 i; ... | 2003 | 12764581 |
| quantitative trait loci and comparative genomics of cereal cell wall composition. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting sugar composition of the cell walls of maize (zea mays) pericarp were mapped as an approach to the identification of genes involved in cereal wall biosynthesis. mapping was performed using the ibm (b73 x mo17) recombinant inbred line population. there were statistically significant differences between b73 and mo17 in content of xylose (xyl), arabinose (ara), galactose (gal), and glucose. thirteen qtls were found, affecting the content of xyl (two qtls), a ... | 2003 | 12746531 |
| towards an analysis of the rice mitochondrial proteome. | purified rice (oryza sativa) mitochondrial proteins have been arrayed by isoelectric focusing/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), by blue-native (bn) page, and by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (lc) separation (lc-mass spectrometry [ms]). from these protein arrays, we have identified a range of rice mitochondrial proteins, including hydrophilic/hydrophobic proteins (grand average of hydropathicity = -1.27 to +0.84), highly basic and acid proteins (isoelectric point = ... | 2003 | 12746528 |
| cacta transposons in triticeae. a diverse family of high-copy repetitive elements. | in comparison with retrotransposons, which comprise the majority of the triticeae genomes, very few class 2 transposons have been described in these genomes. based on the recent discovery of a local accumulation of cacta elements at the glu-a3 loci in the two wheat species triticum monococcum and triticum durum, we performed a database search for additional such elements in triticeae spp. a combination of blast search and dot-plot analysis of publicly available triticeae sequences led to the ide ... | 2003 | 12746511 |
| purification and characterization of extracellular beta-galactosidase secreted by supension cultured rice (oryza sativa l.) cells. | a beta-galactosidase was purified 1300-fold by lactosyl-sepharose 4b and sephacryl s-200 column chromatographies from the cultured medium of a rice-cell suspension. the purified enzyme appeared as 47 kd and 40 kd polypeptides on sds-page and had a specific activity of 65.1 units/mg. optimum activity was observed at ph 3.5 and 60 degrees c. the enzyme released galactose from galactoxyloglucan and pectic galactans. | 2003 | 12723614 |
| [qtl analysis for percentage of exserted stigma in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | percentage of exserted stigmas (pes) was investigated in hainan by using a population of 127 dh population derived from a cross between a high-pes indica variety zaiyeqing 8 (zyq 8) and a low-pes japonica variety jingxi 17(jx 17) and its molecular linkage map of 234 markers. two qtls (qpes-2, qpes-3) for pes were located on chromosome 2 and 3, respectively. there is no difference between the qtls for single stigma exsertation and total pes, but the only qtl for dual stigma exsertation located on ... | 2003 | 14579532 |
| [towards the positional cloning of a spikelet identity gene frizzle panicle (fzp) in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | fzp is a key gene for spikelet differentiation in rice. mutation of the gene blocks the differentiation of spikelets and makes rachis branches develop unlimitedly. a mutant of the gene named frizzle panicle (fzp) was previously found from the high-generation progeny of a cross between two oryza sativa ssp. indica rice varieties, v20b and hua1b. with the mutant, fzp had been mapped to a chromosomal region of about 26.4 cm in width between two ssr (simple sequence repeat) markers, rm172 and rm18, ... | 2003 | 14577371 |
| [analysis of photoperiod-sensitivity genes in minghui63, an restorer line of indica rice(oryza sativa l.)]. | hybrid rice is very important in agriculture production in china. its selecting property makes it significant to study the genetic performance of f1's date to heading (dh). minghui63, an indica rice restorer line, has been widdly applied to hybrid rice seed production in china, but the photoperiod-sensitivity gene of heading date in this restorer line is still unknown. this definitely limited the further use of this restorer line in breeding practice and re-production of hybrid seeds. to solve t ... | 2003 | 14577370 |
| identification of a locus increasing rice yield and physiological analysis of its function. | i identified a new locus responsible for increased yield potential and evaluated its physiological function to understand how to improve potential yield in rice (oryza sativa) plants. quantitative trait loci (qtls) for 1,000-grain weight (tgw) were analyzed under different environments over 3 years in backcross inbred lines of rice japonica cv nipponbare x indica cv kasalath. four qtls for this trait were detected across environments; rice cv kasalath had a positive allele only at one qtl on chr ... | 2003 | 14576284 |
| population structure and its effect on haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium surrounding the xa5 locus of rice (oryza sativa l.). | to assess the usefulness of linkage disequilibrium mapping in an autogamous, domesticated species, we have characterized linkage disequilibrium in the candidate region for xa5, a recessive gene conferring race-specific resistance to bacterial blight in rice. this trait and locus have good mapping information, a tractable phenotype, and available sequence data, but no cloned gene. we sampled 13 short segments from the 70-kb candidate region in 114 accessions of oryza sativa. five additional segme ... | 2003 | 14573486 |
| diverse environmental cues transiently regulate osopr1 of the "octadecanoid pathway" revealing its importance in rice defense/stress and development. | previously, we reported rice (oryza sativa l. japonica type cv. nipponbare) allene oxide synthase (osaos) and cyclase (osaoc) genes of the octadecanoid pathway. here we have isolated a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase gene, called osopr1, encoding the last committed enzymatic step on the octadecanoid pathway leading to jasmonic acid (ja) biosynthesis. osopr1 encodes a 380 amino acid long polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 42465.02 and pi of 5.79, and belongs to a gene family in the ... | 2003 | 14559225 |
| a semidwarf phenotype of barley uzu results from a nucleotide substitution in the gene encoding a putative brassinosteroid receptor. | brassinosteroids (brs) play important roles throughout plant growth and development. despite the importance of clarifying the mechanism of br-related growth regulation in cereal crops, br-related cereal mutants have been identified only in rice (oryza sativa). we previously found that semidwarf barley (hordeum vulgare) accessions carrying the "uzu" gene, called "uzu" barley in japan, are non-responding for brassinolide (bl). we then performed chemical and molecular analyses to clarify the mechan ... | 2003 | 14551335 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for yield and yield components in an advanced backcross population derived from the oryza sativa variety ir64 and the wild relative o. rufipogon. | a bc(2)f(2) population developed from an interspecific cross between oryza sativa (cv ir64) and o. rufipogon (irgc 105491) was used in an advanced backcross qtl analysis to identify and introduce agronomically useful genes from this wild relative into the cultivated gene pool. the objectives of this study were: (1) to identify putative yield and yield component qtls that can be useful to improve the elite cultivar ir64; (2) to compare the qtls within this study with previously reported qtls in r ... | 2003 | 14513215 |
| ds tagging of branched floretless 1 (bfl1) that mediates the transition from spikelet to floret meristem in rice (oryza sativa l). | the genetics of spikelet formation, a feature unique to grasses such as rice and maize, is yet to be fully understood, although a number of meristem and organ identity mutants have been isolated and investigated in arabidopsis and maize. using a two-element ac/ds transposon tagging system we have isolated a rice mutant, designated branched floretless 1 (bfl1) which is defective in the transition from spikelet meristem to floret meristem. | 2003 | 14503923 |