Publications

the effect of phospholipase c on dna synthesis, morphology and phospholipid content of isolated hela cell nuclei.	isolated hela cell nuclei have been treated with purified phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) and sphingomyelinase (staphylococcus aureus). the phospholipids of untreated nuclei consisted of about 67% phosphatidylcholine, 23% phosphatidylethanolamine, 7% sphingomyelin, 2% phosphatidylserine and 1% phosphatidylinositol. phospholipase c degraded 80-90% of the total phospholipids of the nuclei. such nuclei seemed ultrastructurally intact, and had an average diameter and a protein loss during incubati ...	1976	187233
gonadotropin receptors in plasma membranes of bovine corpus luteum. i. effect of phospholipases on the binding of 125i-choriogonadotropin by membrane-associated and solubilized receptors.	the ability of bovine corpus luteum plasma membranes to bind 125i-choriogonadotropin has been examined after prior treatment of the membranes with phospholipases a, c, and d. treatment of the purified membranes with low concentrations of phospholipases a and c resulted in the inhibition of the binding of 125i-choriogonadotropin to its receptors, whereas phospholipase d had no effect. receptor activity was decreased by low concentrations of phospholipase a from either bee venom, vipera russelli o ...	1976	187585
[microbial resistance to formaldehyde. i. comparative quantitative studies in some selected species of vegetative bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, bacteriophages and viruses].	the resistence of different microorganisms to formaldehyde was determined. as test objects served gram-negative and gram-positive vegetative germs (klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella paratyphi-b, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis), bacterial spores (bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus subtilis), fungi (aspergillus niger, candida albicans), bacteriophages (escherichia coli phages, t1, t2, t3), and viruses (adenovirus, poliomy ...	1976	190825
effect of delayed evisceration on the microbial quality of meat.	the postomortem invasion of muscle and other tissues by bacteria from the intestinal tract was studied with the use of radioactive tracers. the injection of 14c-labeled bacteria or spores into the intestines of guinea pig carcasses within 24 h of death resulted in the rapid spread of 14c throughout carcasses. when live bacteria were injected along with the labeled cells, it was not possible to isolate viable organisms from the body tissues if the living animal had been exposed to the bacteria. i ...	1976	178276
bacillus cereus food poisoning.		1976	179147
effects of phenethyl alcohol on bacillus and streptococcus.	the activity of phenethyl alcohol (pea) on bacillus cereus, b. megaterium, and streptococcus faecalis was studied by electron microscopy of thin sections and by the assay of intracellular k+ leakage. s. faecalis was unaffected by pea at concentrations up to 0.5%, b. cereus was severely damaged by 0.5% pea, and b. megaterium behaved intermediately. important membrane ultrastructural alterations were observed in b. cereus cells treated with 0.5% pea, namely the change in the geometry of the membra ...	1976	60333
rational choice of penicillins and cephalosporins based on parallel in-vitro and in-vivo tests.	because of the unavailability of strictly comparable data, seven representative penicillins and the five cephalosporins currently used in britain were evaluated in parallel, both in vitro and in vivo. penicillin sensitive and resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus and proteus mirabilis were the main test organisms. minimum bacteriocidal concentrations of cloxacillin, flucloxacillin, cephalothin, and cephazolin in serum were much higher than conventional minimum inhibitory concentrations in t ...	1976	61353
phospholipase of bacillus cereus.	phospholipase activity of 10 strains of bacillus cereus was studied. the most active strain of bac. cereus--phospholipase producer was selected. a cultivation mixture of bac. cereus optimal for the phospholipase synthesis was found to include peptone, yeast extract, glucose, nacl and na2hpo4. proper conditions for the synthesis of phospholipase in flasks, 20 l and 250 l fermenters were tested. the maximum increase of the phospholipase activity occurred by the 5-9th hour of microbial growth at ph ...	1976	17109
studies on two isozymes of aconitase from bacillus cereus t. iii. enzymatic properties.		1976	7257
the occurrence of bacillus cereus in finnish dog food sausages; a microbiological and physiochemical survey.	a bacteriological survey of five brands of commercial dog food sausages showed that two of them were heavily contaminated with b. cereus. one of the two brands had a suspected association with food-poisoning incidents in dogs. in addition to b. cereus the other sausage brand was found to contain a high number of sulphite reducing anaerobes. b. cereus was detected in almost every raw material of the two brands of sausages. the pasteurization during manufacturing did not kill all the sporeforming ...	1976	7770
influence of growth temperature on glucose metabolism of a psychotrophic strain of bacillus cereus.	the influence of temperature on glucose metabolism of a psychotrophic strain of bacillus cereus was investigated. the ph of the growth medium and spore-forming frequencies of b. cereus varied when grown at 32, 20, or 7 c. radiorespirometric analyses revealed that vegetative cells of b. cereus metabolized glucose by simultaneous operation of the embden-meyerhof-parnas pathway and the pentose phosphate pathway. as the growth temperature decreased, glucose was metabolized with increased participati ...	1976	8003
zn2+ requiring nadp-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase from bacillus cereus t.		1976	8376
growth of physarum gyrosum on agar plates and in liquid culture.	the physical and nutritional requirements of the antibiotic-producing slime mold physarum gyrosum were examined to develop a liquid medium for this myxomycete. liquid culture is desired to expedite a useful scale of production of antibiotic materials for ease of isolation and structure study. culture conditions were selected to favor antibiotic production rather than maximum growth. the medium devised consisted of 0.010 m potassium phosphate buffer (ph 6.0), 2% bakers' yeast, and 0.2% glucose an ...	1976	10830
defined conditions for synthesis of bacillus cereus enterotoxin by fermenter-grown cultures.	a strain of bacillus cereus produced high levels of enterotoxin when grown in a semidefined medium in a laboratory scale fermenter. the optimum conditions for enterotoxin synthesis by cultures grown in this medium, which contained casamino acids and yeast extract, were found to be: inoculation of vigorously gorwing culture at the 1% level, addition of glucose at a concentration of 1%, control of culture ph at 8.0, incubation at 32 degrees c, use of a moderate stirring rate, and addition of air a ...	1976	10838
analysis of phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) action toward mixed micelles of phospholipid and surfactant.		1976	10851
studies on phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase (phospholipase c type) of bacillus cereus. i. purification, properties and phosphatase-releasing activity.	a phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase from the culture broth of bacillus cereus, was purified to a homogeneous state as indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, by ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography with deae-cellulose and cm-sephadex. the enzyme (molecular weight: 29000 +/- 1000) was maximally active at ph 7.2-7.5, and not influenced by edta, ophenanthroline, monoiodoacetate, p-chloromercuribenzoate or reduced glutathione. the enzyme specifically hydrolyzed phosphatidy ...	1976	10986
validation of a simple radiochemical assay measuring hydrolysis of choline-labelled microsomal phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase c. ph-dependence.	selective hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine species, which are selectively radioactively labelled in vivo, does not appear to interfere with a radiochemical assay for hydrolysis of microsomal phosphatidylcholine by c-type phospholipases from bacillus cereus or clostridium perfringens. both phospholipases substantially hydrolysed phosphatidylcholine over the ph range 4.0-10.0.	1976	13785
germination of unactivated spores of bacillus cereus t. effect of preincubation with l-alanine or inosine on the subsequent germination.	heat-activated spores of bacillus cereus t germinate rapidly in the presence of l-alanine alone or inosine alone. in contrast, unactivated spores can not germinate in the presence of either germinant alone but rapidly in the presence of both germinants. the highest level of cooperative action of l-alanine and inosine on the germination was observed when they were present in a ratio 1:1. preincubations of unactivated spores with l-alanine or inosine had opposite effects on the subsequent germinat ...	1976	14271
studies on two isozymes of aconitase from bacillus cereus t. ii. further evidence on two distinct activities.		1976	820347
food poisoning.		1976	815943
[normal status of bac. cereus and cl. perfringens in the body of healthy slaughter animals].	studied were cattle, pigs, sheep, and young calves intended for slaughter. the experiments were carried out under productional conditions, strictly observing the routinely adopted practice of preslaughter handling. the blood of the animals was sampled prior to slaughter. samples from the meat (musculature), spleen, kidneys, liver, mesenterial and body lymph nodes as well as feces were taken immediately after slaughter. it was established that bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens were almo ...	1976	816051
isolation of three new antibiotics, thiocillins i, ii and iii, related to micrococcin p. studies on antibiotics from the genus bacillus. viii.	thiocillins i and ii were isolated from the culture broth of bacillus cereus g-15, and thiocillins ii and iii from that of bacillus badius ar-91. also, the former two were probably produced by bacillus megatherium i-13. these antibiotics active against gram-positive bacteria are soluble in a mixture of chloroform and methanol, show characteristic ultraviolet absorptions (maxima at ca. 275 nm and ca. 348 nm), and contain a high content of sulfur, as much as approximately 15%. they are related to ...	1976	819410
the effect of phospholipase c on human blood platelets.	the effect of phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3) on human blood platelets has been studied. phospholipase c from bacillus cereus was purified to homogeneity as judged by analytical and sodium dodecyl sulphate disc gel electrophoresis and by immunoelectrophoresis. human platelets isolated from platelet-rich plasma by gel filtration or by centrifugation and washing were incubated with phospholipase c. a loss of 20-45% of the total platelet phospholipid was observed, whereas 88% was hydrolyzed when plate ...	1976	819457
an outbreak of bacillus cereus food-poisoning in finland associated with boiled rice.	a food-poisoning outbreak caused by bacillus cereus occurred in a finnish industrial plant in january 1975. eighteen of the 36 persons who ate a lunch including boiled rice, meat and vegetables became ill. the disease pattern was similar to previously reported short incubation time b. cereus food-poisonings associated with cooked rice. the median incubation time was two hours, the main symptoms being nausea, abdominal pain and vomiting. rice and certain seasonings were the contaminated raw mater ...	1976	819571
an outbreak of bacillus cereus food poisoning resulting from contaminated vegetable sprouts.	in an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness caused by consumption of home-grown raw vegetable sprouts contaminated by bacillus cereus, victims developed symptoms after an incubation period of 6-15 hours. four persons initially experienced nausea and vomiting, and this was followed in 3 cases by abdominal cramps and diarrhea. bacteriologic investigation indicated that b. cereus on unsprouted seeds proliferated during germination in a commercially sold seed sprouting kit and reached levels in exces ...	1976	820192
modified assay medium for the turbidimetric assay of chlortetracycline in feeds.	in previous experiments, the turbidimetric method for determining chlortetracycline-hci (ctc-hci) in feeds showed lower recovery than the aoac plate method. although the addition of vitamins to the turbidimetric medium improved results, values by the turbidimetric method remained about 10% lower than by the plate method. a modified (1.7x the weight recommended by the manufacturer) turbidimetric assay medium decreased assay sensitivity but did not significantly change the slope of s. aureus respo ...	1976	818071
the surface morphology of the phagocytosis of micro-organisms by peritoneal macrophages.	scanning electron-microscopic studies of phagocytosis of various micro organisms by murine peritoneal macrophages has been made. bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and brewer's yeast were easily ingested, whereas cryptococcus neoformans was not. the development of intricate and tenuous filopodia preceded close-surface attachment, after which both thin and thicker lamellipodia invested the micro-organisms. loss of the normal surface ridges characterised the replete cell. the technique of sca ...	1976	818354
quantitative structure-activity relationships. 2. a mixed approach, based on hansch and free-wilson analysis.	based on the theoretical and numerical equivalence of hansch's linear multiple regression model and the modified free-wilson model a mixed approach is developed. the mixed approach is a combination of both models which makes use of the advantages of each model and widens the applicability of hansch and free-wilson analysis. the free-wilson approach now is applicable also in the case of parabolic dependence of biological activity on a particular physical property, e.g., log p or pi. a rational ex ...	1976	818381
outer membrane of salmonella typhimurium: accessibility of phospholipid head groups to phospholipase c and cyanogen bromide activated dextran in the external medium.	whole cells of salmonella typhimurium were treated with bacillus cereus phospholipase c or with cnbr-activated dextran. if phosphatidylethanolamine head groups are exposed and accessible on the outer surface of the outer membrane of these cells, it was expected that these groups would be hydrolyzed by the former agent, and become covalently coupled to the latter agent. with strains producing lipopolysaccharides of s or rc type, results did not indicate the presence of any accessible head groups ...	1976	820368
bacterial infection in haematological diseases.		1976	820503
[3-dimensional reconstruction of the contracted tail of bacillus mycoides bacteriophage h-17].		1976	820530
thermophilic glyceraldehyde-3-p dehydrogenase.		1976	820563
purification of cereolysin and the electrophoretic separation of the active (reduced) and inactive (oxidized) forms of the purified toxin.	cereolysin was purified to apparent homogeneity by using ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic chromatography with ah-sepharose, isoelectric focusing, and gel filtration. the active form of the toxin had an isoelectric point of 6.6, and the molecular weight of the protein was about 55,500 as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, gel filtration, and gel electrophoresis using various concentrations of acrylamide. cereolysin contained two half-cystine residues and was dependen ...	1976	820638
alteration of serum lipid values and lipoproteins by bacteria as a possible cause of artifacts in the screening of dyslipoproteinemias.	the intriguing observation of phospholipid deficiency in serum is described. the most prominent feature of sera was the completely abnormal lipoprotein electrophoretic pattern. the predominant occurrance of the phenomenon in the warm season suggested bacterial growth producing phospholipase c. b. cereus could be isolated from sera. in order to prevent these artifacts it is suggested to add 1 mg of na2-edta to each ml of sample before dispatch.	1976	820919
[structural and biochemical changes in the spores of bacillus cereus exposed to caustic soda and hypochlorite].	the spores of bacillus cereus were treated with 5% naoh at 50 degrees c and 0.25% naocl. as a result, 99% of the spores had lost their viability by the 11th and 19.5th minutes, respectively. kinetics of the process has shown that the rates of elimination of calcium and dipicolinic acid from the spores are different, and intensive loss of rna and dna was registered. progressive degradation of spore envelopes and inner structures has been revealed by electron microscopy. lethal effect of the studi ...	1976	820941
doxycycline in serum and bronchial secretions.	the concentration of doxycycline hydrochloride was measured in serum and bronchial secretions in five patients with chronic bronchitis receiving doxycycline orally in normal therapeutic dosage for seven days (200 mg day 1, 100 mg days 2 to 7). after the loading dose of 200 mg, serum concentrations ranged between 5-40 and 3-45 mug/ml (mean 4-33 mug/ml) at 3 hours, declining to between 2-28 and 1-21 mug/ml (mean 1-71 mug/ml) at 23 hours. the mean serum levels for days 2 to 7 were 2-15, 1-79, and 1 ...	1976	821169
bacterial mesosomes. real structures or artifacts?	the ultrastructural study of membrane organization in gram-positive bacteria related to the oso4 fixation conditions revealed that large, complex mesosomes are observed only when the bacteria are subjected to an initial fixation with 0.1%oso4 in the culture broth, as in the prefixation step of the ryter-kellenberger procedure. evidence was obtained suggesting that the large mesosomes are produced by this prefization. the kinetic study of the membrane morphological alterations occurring during th ...	1976	821538
letter: infection due to bacillus cereus.		1976	821602
antibiotic residues and their recovery from animal tissues.		1976	821907
identification of the antibiotic determined by the scp1 plasmid of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2).	the antibiotic whose biosynthesis is determined by the scp1 plasmid of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) has been characterized as the recently described methylenomycin a (2-methylene-cyclopentan-3-one-4,5-epoxy-4,5-dimethyl-1-carboxylic acid).	1976	822125
facultative wood-digesting bacteria from the hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus.	among the facultative bacteria capable of growth on mesquite wood which were isolated from the asceptically dissected hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus were two strains of bacillus cereus, one strain each of arthrobacter, alcaligenes and serratia, and a very small gram-negative fermentative rod. the b. cereus strains, the serratia marcescens strain and the arthrobacter sp. grew well on a mineral salts alpha-cellusose agar. one of the bacillus cereus strains and serratia marcescens ...	1976	822127
[to the ecology of bac. cereus var. mycoides (flügge) in loess black earth in relation to fertilization].		1976	822632
[relationship between the ultrastructure and biochemical composition of spores and their resistance to high temperature exposure and chemical agents].	the author used the spores of b. cereus and of its two mutants (10id -- defective by spore coats, and no. 3 -- dpa-deficient). the mentioned microbes were subjected to the action of vapour (99 degrees), 5% sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 50 degreec, and of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite solution. on the basis of the survival curves it was revealed that a mutant with defective coats possessed the least resistance to the factors under study. on these grounds a conclusion was drawn on the ...	1976	822653
[a case of mass food poisoning caused by bac. cereus].		1976	822654
biochemical characterization of a cortexless mutant of a variant of bacillus cereus.	previous studies on this cortexless mutant of bacillus cereus var. alesti indicated that the forespore membrane was the site of the biochemical lesion. this hypothesis is supported by the results presented here: fatty acid composition of sporulating cells of themutant is altered, while in vegetative cells it is comparable to the parent; soluble precursors of peptidoglycan synthesis are accumulated in the mutant, at the time of cortex formation; homogenates of the mutant prepared at the time of c ...	1976	822929
pathology of bacillus cereus mastitis in dairy cows.		1976	822939
aucte bacillus cereus mastitis in dairy cattle associated with use of a contaminated antibiotic.		1976	822940
an autopsy case of food poisoning associated with bacillus cereus.	an autopsy case of food poisoning probably caused by bacillus cereus is presented. the patient was an 11-year-old boy who died about 15 hours after eating chinese noodles. the main pathological features were acute nonspecific gastroenteritis and fatty degeneration of the heart and liver. bacillus cereus was isolated and identified from the peritoneal exudate and intestinal contents. the cause of death is considered to be heart failure resulting from myocardial fatty degeneration.	1976	823082
evidence for two immune inhibitors from bacillus thuringiensis interfering with the humoral defense system of saturniid pupae.	mutants of bacillus thuringiensis lacking either beta-exotoxin or gamma-endotoxin were compared for their virulence using pupae of a giant silk moth. known doses of viable log-phase bacteria were injected, and the response was followed as the number of viable bacteria in the hemolymph. the results obtained imply that, in the system used, neither the beta-exotoxin nor the gamma-endotoxin and the sporeforming ability are of importance for virulence. results with sterile culture filtrate from b. th ...	1976	992874
parenteral administration of phospholipase c in the rat. distribution, elimination, and lethal doses.	infusions of tissue thromboplastin induce intravascular coagulation in animals. phospholipase c (plc) (ec 3.1.4.3) from bacillus cereus has a marked protective effect against such infusions and might be of value in the therapy of certain types of intravascular coagulation. we have therefore studied the toxicity, half-life, and effect on lipolysis of purified plc in rats, using parenteral administration of 14c-labelled enzyme. following intravenous injection, the plasma half-life was 5.2-5.4 min, ...	1976	1006144
alterations of spore coat processing and protein turnover in a bacillus cereus mutant with a defective postexponential intracellular protease.	a mutant with an alteration in the major intracellular serine protease produced by postexponential bacillus cereus was isolated by screening mutants defective in spore germination. the purified enzyme from the mutant is more labile to heat and alkaline ph than the protease from the wild type. protease activity appears at the same time as in the wild type but only reaches 50% of the specific activity and decays more rapidly during sporulation. coincident with the decay is a decrease in the rate o ...	1977	15254
reversibility of the ampicillin-and nitrite-induced inactivation of beta-lactamase i.	beta-lactamase i was isolated from bacillus cereus 569/h. treatment with ampicillin in the presence of sodium nitrite at ph 4 or 5 resulted in the inactivation of the enzyme presumably by modification of a carboxyl group in the active site. however, this inactivation was rapidly, reversible at neutral ph and the available evidence points to the participation of a second carboxyl group which is involved in the reactivation process.	1977	15712
phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. action on some artificial lecithins.	the hydrolysis by phospholipase c from b. cereus of several lecithins of different fatty acyl chain length was examined. the enzyme showed significant activity towards mono-molecularly dispersed short chain lecithins and the reaction obeyed normal michaelis-menten kinetics. rate vs. substrate concentration curves obtained with dihexanoyl-, diheptanoyl- and dioctanoyllecithins showed marked discontinuities in the region of the known critical micelle concentrations for these substrates and distinc ...	1977	16420
effect of cadmium on fungi and on interactions between fungi and bacteria in soil: influence of clay minerals and ph.	fungi (rhizopus stolonifer, trichoderma viride, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, cunninghamella echinulata, and several species of aspergillus and penicillium) tolerated higher concentrations of cadmium (cd) when grown in soil than when grown on laboratory media, indicating that soil mitigated the toxic effects of cd. in soil amended with clay minerals, montmorillonite provided partial or total protection against fungistatic effects of cd, whereas additions of kaolinite provided little or ...	1977	18085
studies on the thiamine transport system in bacillus cereus (author's transl).	the thiamine transport system in bacillus cereus exhibits rhythmical changes of resorption- and excretion-phases lasting 1-2 h. these main phases are subdivided in shorter ones with an average duration of 45 s. the velocity of the thiamine uptake is influenced by ph, temperature, age of cells, energy and substrate supply and thiamine concentration of the medium. the michaelis-menten-kinetic can be used to describe the uptake: km = 1.98 x 10(-8) m; vmax = 1.19 x 10(-6) mol/g dry weight x min. the ...	1977	19001
purification of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus by chromatography on aminoalkylpolysaccharide adsorbents.	purification of phospholipase c from bac. cereus by chromatography on aminoalkylpolysaccharide adsorbents is described. the dependence of the degree of enzyme purification on the amount of ligant and effect of ph and buffer systems on the adsorption-desorption of phospholipase have been studied. at a ph below 9.0 phospholipase c is not retained by the adsorbents and is purified 4-5-fold and up to 23-fold, when aminoalkyl-sepharose and hexamethylenediamine sephadex are used respectively. with an ...	1977	19100
an invitro system for the biosynthesis of spore cortex peptidoglycan.		1977	19145
dihydrodipicolinate reductases from bacillus cereus and bacillus megaterium.	dyhydrodipicolinate reductases were purified 100-fold from crude extracts of b. cereus and b. megaterium and their properties were compared with those of the reductase from b. subtilis. the molecular weights of the reductases of b. cereus and b. megaterium were fount to be 155,000 and 150,000, respectively. these reductases were shown to be free of flavin, unlike the b. subtilis enzyme, which contains flavin. both nadph and nadh acted as coenzymes for these two reductases. nadph being three or f ...	1977	19431
two omega-amino acid transaminases from bacillus cereus.	bacillus cereus strain k-22 produced two distinct omega-amino acid transaminases, one catalyzing the transamination between beta-alanine and pyruvic acid and the other that between gamma-aminobutyric acid and alpha-ketoglutaric aic. the two enzymes were partially purified and separated from each other by various chromatographies. beta-alanine:pyruvic acid transaminase and gamma-aminobutyric acid:alpha-ketoglutaric acid transaminase were induced by the addition of beta-alanine and gamma-aminobuty ...	1977	19432
spectrophotometric determination of ribose-1-phosphate.		1977	20811
n-(2-furyl) acryloyl penicillin: a novel compound for the spectrophotometric assay of beta-lactamase i.		1977	22529
an unusual outbreak of food-poisoning associated with meals-on-wheels.	an outbreak of food-poisoning after a meals-on-wheels lunch affected 49 persons, 1 of whom died. bacillus cereus serotype 10 and bacillus licheniformis were isolated in large numbers from many of the patients including the deceased and from the remains of the meal. clostridium perfringens (c. welchii) serotype 68, which was isolated from many of the patients and the deceased but not from the food, may also have been responsible. food kept warm during distribution can produce an ideal environment ...	1977	69207
some characteristics of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus.		1977	72664
understanding the actions of carcinostatic drugs to improve chemotherapy: 5-fluorouracil.		1977	99991
[some ultrastructural characteristics of the sporal envelops of bacillus cereus].		1977	99733
some properties of a cell-free cortisol 1,2-dehydrogenating system from bacillus cereus.		1977	121321
evidence for distinct guanine nucleotide sites in the regulation of the glucagon receptor and of adenylate cyclase activity.		1977	197077
the specificity of s1 nuclease toward rna-dna hybrids as studied using isotopes of phosphorus-32 and phosphorus-33.	hybrids were formed from bacillus cereus dna and ribosomal rna. they were treated with various combination of s1 nuclease and ribonuclease, and the molar ratios of the rna and dna moieties remaining in the treated hybrids were determined using a 32p-33p dual-label technique. it was found that both s1 nuclease and ribonuclease are required to give hybrid with rna and dna in a perfect 1:1 molar ratio. it was noted that the dual-label technique which employs orthophosphate as the sole phosphorus so ...	1977	197495
bacterial hazards.		1977	197534
theta-toxin of clostridium perfringens. i. purification and some properties.	theta-toxin, an oxygen-labile hemolysin produced by clostridium perfringens, was purified 3300 fold from culture filtrate by successive chromatography on deae-sephadex a-50 and sephadex g-150. the purified toxin gave two distinct bands in disc electrophoresis, while the same material, after mild reduction with dithiothreitol, yielded a single band, indicating that the purified theta-toxin contained, as well as a reduced, active form, an oxidized, inactive form of toxin. these two forms of the to ...	1977	199270
aldolase-like imine formation in the mechanism of action of phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase.	phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase (ec 3.11.1.1), the bacterial enzyme that catalyses the reaction hco-ch2-po(oh)2+h2o leads to hco-ch3+pi, is inactivated by borohydride if either phosphonoacetaldehyde or acetaldehyde is present. this supports the suggestion that the substrate forms an imine with an amino group of the enzyme. such imine formation would labilize the c-p bond in the same way that aldolase and related enzymes labilize c-c and c-h bonds (scheme 1a).	1977	200222
hydrolytic action of phospholipases on bacterial membranes.	substrate specificities of phospholipases c[ec 3.1.4.3] from clostridium novyi, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus, and pseudomonas aureofaciens were studied under the same conditions. phospholipases c from clostridium novyi and bacillus cereus show wide substrate specificities while those of clostridium perfringens and pseudomonas aureofaciens show relatively narrow specificities. on the basis of these results, the hydrolytic actions of these phospholipases on membrane lipids of escherich ...	1977	201610
[new findings on various bacteria and their toxins as possible causative agents of food poisoning].		1977	203102
lipoquinones of some bacteria and mycoplasmas, with considerations on their functional significance.	in a comparative study the lipoquinones of some chemoorganotrophic, facultatively aerobic bacteria, and representative acholeplasma, mycoplasma, spiroplasma, and thermoplasma strains were investigated. the quinones were partly purified by preparative thin layer chromatography of lipid extracts, and characterized by their difference spectra (reduced minus oxidized) and rf values. respiring bacteria expectedly contained benzoquinones and/or naphthoquinones in micromolar concentrations whereas some ...	1977	413478
the histidine residues of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus.	the inactivation of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus at ph6 by diethyl pyrocarbonate parallelled the n-ethoxyformylation of a single histidine residue in the enzyme. the inactivation arose from a decrease in the maximum velocity of the enzymic reaction with no effect on the km value. the inactivation did not apparently alter the ability of the enzyme to bind to a substrate-based affinity gel. the native enzyme contained only one reactive histidine residue. removal of the two zinc atoms from ...	1977	413541
[admixtures of antibiotic substances in enzyme preparations of microbial origin intended for use as food additives].	a group of enzymtic preparations, mainly of the soviet make were investigated for the presence of antibiotic substances admixtures. altogether 25 preparations obtained from molds, actinomycetes, bacteria and yeast were studied. the results showed that 18 preparations contained antibiotic substances in an amount of 0.6-1300 u, equivalent to oxytetracycline units per 1 g. most often antibiotics were present in preparations of the pectinase and protease group. in the group of glucoamylase the antib ...	1977	414448
[clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of group illness caused by bac. cereus food poisoning].	the authors describe an outbreak of food poisoning caused by bac. cereus embracing 80% of persons who catered at the same catering establishment. the poisoning occurred in the course of 15 hours after the moment of eating a sauce stored in warm place. in the majority of cases the course of the disease was mild; 77.8% of the patients displayed phenomena of enteritis, 20.2%--of entercolitis, and 2.0%--of gastroenterocolitis. all the patients recovered without any treatment in the course of 1--2 da ...	1977	414486
[methods of demonstrating antibiotics residues in meat, organs and eggs].		1977	416557
[effect of substituted isatinisothiosemicarbazones on the multiplication of bacteria].		1977	416604
[on the utilization different organic and anorganic compounds by some strains of bac. cereus var. mycoides (flügge) (author's transl)].	in order to investigate the decomposition of 46 organic and anorganic compounds by bac. mycoides, the behaviour of four strains was tested by means of plate counting technique (after koch) and the warburg method. mostly intensive substances containing protein were decomposed by all strains. furthermore amino acid, sugar, alcohols, and ammonium salts are used by the bacteria, but there were large differences between strains tested. urea and nitrates have not been decomposed.	1977	416618
serotypes of bacillus cereus from outbreaks of food poisoning and from routine foods.	a provisional serotyping scheme was used to type cultures of bacillus cereus from 84 outbreaks of food poisoning in seven countries; 283 of the 337 (84%) cultures tested were typable. in 35 of the 61 outbreaks associated with a vomiting-type syndrome, foods, clinical specimens or both yielded h-serotype 1 only. type 1 strains together with other sterotypes were isolated in seven outbreaks. in 14 outbreaks types 3, 4, 5, 8 or a mixture of serotypes were present. untypable strains were isolated in ...	1977	401846
bacillus cereus pneumonia. survival in a patient with cavitary disease treated with gentamicin.	cavitary pneumonitis due to bacillus cereus occurred in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. pneumonia due to this organism is uncommon and recovery has not been previously reported. the present report is the first description of cavitary pneumonia due to b. cereus with a successful outcome. recovery was attributed to appropriate antimicrobial therapy and induction of leukemic remission with chemotherapy.	1977	402096
biochemical properties of clostridium bifermentans spores.	as previously found for spores of bacillus species, dormant spores of clostridium bifermentans contained essentially no adenosine triphosphate, a high level of adenosine monophosphate, a high level of 3-phosphoglyceric acid, and much transfer ribonucleic acid lacking a 3'-terminal adenosine monophosphate residue. as in spores of bacillus species, germination of c. bifermentans spores was accompanied by utilization of the 3-phosphoglyceric acid, a large increase in the adenosine triphosphate leve ...	1977	402349
rapid fluorimetric assay of minocycline in plasma or serum: comparison with microbiological assay.	1. plasma concentrations of minocycline were assayed by measuring the fluorescence emission of an aluminum-minocycline chelate in a spectrofluorimeter. 2. the assay gives reproducible results over the concentration range 0.05-5.0 mug ml-1, and compared favourably with results achieved using a conventional large plate agar diffusion microbiological assay in a double-blind comparison of the two methods. 3. fluorimetric assay of minocycline in plasma was found to correlate closely with antibiotic a ...	1977	402926
initiation of bacillus spore germination by hydrostatic pressure: effect of temperature.	suspensions of bacillus cereus t, b. subtilis, and b. pumilus spores in water or potassium phosphate buffer were germinated by hydrostatic pressures of between 325 and 975 atm. kinetics of germination at temperatures within the range of 25 to 44 degrees c were determined, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. the optimum temperature for germination was dependent on pressure, species, suspending medium, and storage time after heat activation. germination rates increased significantly with ...	1977	403174
phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. evidence for essential lysine residues.	1. phospholipase c was inactivated by exposure to the three amino-group reagents, ethyl acetamidate, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulphonic acid and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate plus reduction. 2. inactivation by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate showed the characteristics of schiff's base formation with the enzyme. the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-treated enzyme after reduction had an absorbance maximum at 325 mm and 6-n-pyridoxyl-lysine was the only fluorescent component after acid hydrolysis. 3. for complete inactivation, 2 ...	1977	403907
enzymic assays for isomers of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid in walls of bacillus cereus and bacillus megaterium.	an enzymic assay for individual isomers (meso-, ll- and dd-) of 2,6-diaminopimelate was developed. the enzyme 2,6-diaminopimelate decarboxylase specifically attacked meso-diaminopimelate and was used to measure this isomer manometrically. the meso- and ll-isomers were measured together manometrically in a coupled assay with diaminopimelate decarboxylase and diaminopimelate epimerase (which converts ll-diaminopimelate into meso-diaminopimelate). the dd-isomer was not attacked by either enzyme and ...	1977	403912
role of glutamate in the sporogenesis of bacillus cereus.	bacillus cereus t, sporulating in a chemically defined medium under optimum conditions, requires substrate quantities of glutamate during the first 4 h of sporogenesis. seventy percent of the glutamate utilized was catabolized to co2 during this period, with the remaining glutamate carbon assimilated into various spore constituents, principally protein and nucleic acid. the importance of glutamate as the primary source of reducing potential and energy for early stages of spore formation was inve ...	1977	404283
precipitating antibody against protease of corynebacterium pyogenes in pigs.	antibody in sera from pigs carrying an abscess associated with corynebacterium pyogenes and healthy pigs was examined by the agar gel diffusion test. in the test, the concentrated culture fluid containing the protease of c. pyogenes was used as antigen. as a result, precipitating antibody was demonstrated in sera from 25 of 30 abscessed pigs and a few of the healthy pigs. when the relationship between precipitating antibody and protease was examined by the immunoelectrophoresis and gel filtratio ...	1977	404574
inactivation of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus by a carboxyl group modifying reagent.	phospholipase c from bacillus cereus was inactivated by incubation with either of the carboxyl reagents, a water-soluble carbodimide plus a nucleophile or woodward's reagent k. with the former reagent, the incorporation into the enzyme of the first mol of nucleophile caused a 4-5-fold increase in the km for dihexanoyllecithin with no significant effect on the vm. the second mol of nucleophile incorporated caused no further change in km but destroyed most of the catalytic activity. modification o ...	1977	404815
the inactivation of beta-lactamase i from b. cereus by dicloxacillin: effect of buffer composition on the kinetic characteristics of the modified enzyme.	buffer composition affects the pattern of inactivation of b. cereus beta-lactamase i by dicloxacillin. at ph 7.0, in the presence of phosphate ions, dicloxacillin appears to cause essentially an irreversible inactivation of the catalytic site of the enzyme, while in a tris-cacodylate buffer the inactivation process appears to affect essentially the substrate-binding site. buffer ions act presumably by interacting themselves with either the catalytic or the substrate-binding site of the enzyme, t ...	1977	405348
microbial production of vitamin b12 antimetabolites. iii compound 102804 from bacillus cereus.	a basic compound with empirical formula c12h16n2o5 was isolated from bacillus cereus 102804 fermentations of a soybean meal-glucose medium. the inhibitory activity of compound 102804 on growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria growing in a chemically defined medium was reversed by vitamin b12, by l-methionine, and by d-methionine. it has no inhibitory activity for escherichia coli (davis 113-3) when grown in media containing l-methionine. the biosynthesis of 102804 coincides with the s ...	1977	405359
an investigation of the bacteriological quality of retail vanilla slices.	one hundred and thiry-three vanilla slices, purchased from shops in the west yorkshire metropolitan county, were examined to determine the numbers and types of bacteria present at the time of purchase. the surface colony count at 37 degrees c was greater than 10(3)/g in 67/133 (50%) of the samples examined, bacillus cereus being found at that concentration in 21.8%, coliform bacilli including e. coli in 5.3%, staphylococcus aureus in 3-0% and streptococcus faecalis in 0-8%. thirty-four strains o ...	1977	405420
fate of foreign dna taken up by tonsillar lymphocytes.	the uptake of heterologous (b. cereus) dna by tonsillar lymphocytes was followed for 22 hours. acid-precipitable dna became associated with the cells as soon as they were mixed with dna. the uptake was linear from 0 to 3 hours, between 3 to 6 hours part of the cell-associated dna was released into the incubation medium, and at 22 hours the amount of label in the cells reached the values measured at 2--3 hours. in respect of the size of dna the uptake seemed to follow the same saturation curve. t ...	1977	405837
a severe necrotic enterotoxin produced by certain food, food poisoning and other clinical isolates of bacillus cereus.	the ability of certain strains of bacillus cereus consistently to elaborate a filterable non-dialysable toxin capable of causing severe disruption and necrosis of the intestinal mucosa and submucosa is confirmed. this property is not universal to all b. cereus strains and different degrees of production of this toxin are exhibited by the different strains which produce it. the necrotic effect is produced by whole-cell cultures of the toxin producing strains in broth and in boiled rice. some char ...	1977	405982
severe systemic and pyogenic infections with bacillus cereus.		1977	406000
the effect of storage on drugs incorporated into pelleted fish food.		1977	406257
a phosphatidylinositol phospholipase c (phosphatasemia factor)of bacillus cereus.		1977	406439
study of inhibition of outgrowth in bacillus cereus t by ethyl picolinate.	the effects of ethyl picolinate on germination, outgrowth, and sporulation of bacillus cereus t were studied in a synthetic medium containing glucose. ethyl picolinate specifically inhibited at two stages, outgrowth and sporulation. the initiation of germination and cell division was not affected. the inhibition of outgrowth by ethyl picolinate could be reversed by enrichment of inoculum with aspartic acid, asparagine, lysine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine among the amino acids and by oxalacetate. ...	1977	406840
microbiological transformations of delta6a10a-tetrahydrocannabinol.	a screening program was conducted to find microorganisms that catalyze transformation reactions with cannabinoids. three hundred fifty-eight cultures, consisting of 97 bacteria, 175 actinomycetes, and 86 molds, were incubated in media containing 0.5 mg of delta(6a,10a)-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta(6a,10a)-thc) per ml. after 120 h of cultivation, ethyl acetate extracts of the cultures were examined by thin-layer chromatography (tlc) for transformation products. about 18% of the cultures modified d ...	1977	406841