Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| efficacy and functionality of lipoprotein opri from pseudomonas aeruginosa as adjuvant for a subunit vaccine against classical swine fever. | bacterial lipoproteins are potent stimulators of innate immune responses and can mediate humoral and cytotoxic t cell responses without additional adjuvants. opri derived from pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested in vitro and in vivo for its adjuvant potential in the context of a classical swine fever (csf) subunit vaccine. opri activated porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modc), upregulating cd80/86 and mhc class ii expression, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines. opri enhanced csfv-antig ... | 2006 | 16678311 |
| characterisation of the discrepancy between pcr and virus isolation in relation to classical swine fever virus detection. | in order to confirm and characterise further the discrepancies observed between diagnostic rt-npcr and virus isolation results for the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv), a test panel of three new rt-pcrs was designed, amplifying parts of the ns2, ns3 and ns5a regions. screening of negative samples by virus isolation with the new panel not only confirmed the discrepancies previously observed but also indicated that these were not associated with a specific genomic region. however, n ... | 2006 | 16682087 |
| a one-step multiplex real-time rt-pcr for detection and typing of bovine viral diarrhea viruses. | a one-step multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using smartcycler technology and taqman probes was developed for detection and typing of bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv). common primers and type-specific (bvdv1 and bvdv2) taqman probes were designed in the 5'-untranslated region of the viral genome. the real-time assay was able to detect 10-100 tcid50 of virus, with correlation coefficient (r2) values of 0.998 and 0.999 for bvdv1 and bvdv2, respectivel ... | 2006 | 16687219 |
| a multiplex dna suspension microarray for simultaneous detection and differentiation of classical swine fever virus and other pestiviruses. | an oligonucleotide suspension microarray (luminex microsphere system) was developed for detection and differentiation of animal pestiviruses: classical swine fever virus (csfv), bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2 (bvdv1 and bvdv2), and border disease virus (bdv). species-specific and pestivirus-common oligonucleotide probes were designed to the 5' utr region and conjugated to individual color-coded luminex carboxy beads (probe beads). target pestivirus sequences were amplified by asymmetr ... | 2006 | 16690139 |
| high ifn-alpha responses associated with depletion of lymphocytes and natural ifn-producing cells during classical swine fever. | during the acute phase of the viral hemorrhagic disease, classical swine fever (csf), a severe hematologic depletion in primary lymphoid organs and depletion of peripheral blood t and b lymphocytes are observed. the onset of these pathologic events is before viremia and independent of leukocyte infection, indicating a host-mediated effect possibly through a cytokine storm. here, we show that high serum levels of interferon- alpha (ifn-alpha) were found during this phase of csf, detectable as ear ... | 2006 | 16704301 |
| [threatening classical swine fever from germany. congressman veerman makes pcr test for classical swine fever possible]. | 2006 | 16711570 | |
| [genetic typing of classical swine fever viruses--a review]. | classical swine fever (csf) is a notifiable disease of domestic pigs and wild boar. it is caused by the highly contagious csf virus and in its acute form the disease generally results in high morbidity and mortality. due to the great economical impact an outbreak can cause to the pig industry it is one of the most important swine diseases worldwide. to limit the damage in the case of a new outbreak it is necessary to identify the virus as fast as possible. this information helps epidemiologists ... | 2006 | 16716047 |
| replication of classical swine fever virus strains and isolates in different porcine cell lines. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is an economically important pathogen of domestic pigs and wild boar. due to the highly variable clinical picture of csf, laboratory methods are essential for an unambiguous diagnosis. virus isolation using cell culture is still considered the gold standard. it is based on the incubation of permissive cells with organ or leukocyte preparations followed by antigen detection. in the "eu diagnostic manual for csf diagnosis", the permanent cell line pk(15) (porcine ... | 2006 | 16716048 |
| case report: the significance of genotyping for the epidemiological tracing of classical swine fever (csf). | in germany, eleven outbreaks of csf in domestic pig holdings were reported in 2002. they occurred exclusively in regions where csf virus circulated in the wild boar population. in ten cases the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates from domestic pigs and wild boar had identical sequences in the 5' non-translated region (5'ntr). however, in one case a subtype was isolated which was slightly different from the virus subtype found in the wild boar population of that region. this case is ... | 2006 | 16716053 |
| monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (sus scrofa) in slovenia. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious multi-systemic haemorrhagic viral disease of pigs. not only domestic pigs, but also wild boar appear to play a crucial role in the epidemiology of csf. spleen (n = 739) and blood coagulum (n = 562) sampled from wild boars (sus scrofa) shot in 2002, and serum samples from 746 wild boar shot in 2003 and 2004, were tested throughout slovenia. in 2002, 17 samples were positive on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test for antibodies against ... | 2006 | 16732885 |
| kinetics of african swine fever virus infection in ornithodoros erraticus ticks. | the kinetics of african swine fever virus (asfv) infection in ornithodoros erraticus ticks were investigated in specimens collected in the field at different times following an outbreak of the disease in portugal in 1999 and in ticks infected experimentally with a virus isolated from a tick collected during this outbreak. in ticks collected from the field, initial screening for asfv was carried out by pcr, followed by attempts to isolate the virus in macrophage cultures. considering total number ... | 2006 | 16760388 |
| identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in korean native goat (capra hircus). | in the genus pestivirus, four genetically distinct viral species are currently recognized: bovine viral diarrhea viruses type 1 and 2 (bvdv-1, bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv). bvdv-1 and bdv infections have been described in goat species. since 1998, border disease (bd) like symptoms in goats have been reported repeatedly in two southern-most provinces of korea, which until then had been regarded as being free from bd. as a result of retrospective inves ... | 2006 | 16766076 |
| classical swine fever virus replicon particles lacking the erns gene: a potential marker vaccine for intradermal application. | classical swine fever virus replicon particles (csf-vrp) deficient for e(rns) were evaluated as a non-transmissible marker vaccine. a cdna clone of csfv strain alfort/187 was used to obtain a replication-competent mutant genome (replicon) lacking the sequence encoding the 227 amino acids of the glycoprotein e(rns) (a187dele(rns)). for packaging of a187dele(rns) into virus particles, porcine kidney cell lines constitutively expressing e(rns) of csfv were established. the rescued vrp were infectio ... | 2006 | 16777037 |
| in planta production of two peptides of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 glycoprotein fused to the coat protein of potato virus x. | classical swine fever (csfv) is one of the most important viral infectious diseases affecting wild boars and domestic pigs. the etiological agent of the disease is the csf virus, a single stranded rna virus belonging to the family flaviviridae. all preventive measures in domestic pigs have been focused in interrupting the chain of infection and in avoiding the spread of csfv within wild boars as well as interrupting transmission from wild boars to domestic pigs. the use of plant based vaccine ag ... | 2006 | 16792815 |
| "self" and "nonself" manipulation of interferon defense during persistent infection: bovine viral diarrhea virus resists alpha/beta interferon without blocking antiviral activity against unrelated viruses replicating in its host cells. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), together with classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv) of sheep, belongs to the genus pestivirus of the flaviviridae. bvdv is either cytopathic (cp) or noncytopathic (ncp), as defined by its effect on cultured cells. infection of pregnant animals with the ncp biotype may lead to the birth of persistently infected calves that are immunotolerant to the infecting viral strain. in addition to evading the adaptive immune system, bvdv evades ... | 2006 | 16809298 |
| molecular epidemiology of african swine fever virus studied by analysis of four variable genome regions. | variable regions of the african swine fever virus genome, which contain arrays of tandem repeats, were compared in the genomes of isolates obtained over a 40-year period. comparison of the size of products generated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from four different genome regions, within the b602l and kp86r genes and intergenic regions j286l and btsj, placed 43 closely related isolated from europe, the caribbean, west and central africa into 17 different virus sub-groups. sequence analysis ... | 2006 | 16817033 |
| [swine fever and the consequences in dutch veterinary clinics. interview by miel bingen and michael van wijngaarden]. | 2006 | 16830513 | |
| the role of b cells in the immune response to pestivirus (classical swine fever virus). | pigs inoculated with the alfort 187 isolate of classical swine fever (csf) virus were used to study the immunological mechanisms associated with the humoral immune response in the disease. quantitative and qualitative changes in the b-cell population (lambda light chain [c-lambda]-positive, immunoglobulins [ig]-m-positive, and igg-positive were demonstrated in the spleen, thymus and ileocaecal lymph node. blood and serum samples were used to examine changes in leucocytes, albumin/globulin ratios ... | 2006 | 16844443 |
| neuropathologic study of experimental classical swine fever. | the aim of this study was to report on the lesions occurring in the central nervous system (cns) during experimental classical swine fever (csf) to clarify the spatial and chronologic distribution of the lesions and virus antigen in the cns. to learn more about the pathogenetic mechanisms of the lesions during csf in the cns and to investigate the role of the virus in these mechanisms, cellular infiltrates and infected cells have been characterized. twenty-eight pigs were inoculated with the vir ... | 2006 | 16846995 |
| development of a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay with fluorogenic probes to discriminate korean wild-type and vaccine isolates of classical swine fever virus. | a 1-step reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay using taqman minor-groove-binding (mgb) probes was developed to distinguish between vaccine-type and wild-type strains of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in korea. because attenuated korean lom strains have been used in animal vaccination in korea for some time but csf remains a serious problem, there was a need for a practical approach to differentiating vaccine and field strains. we examined the fluorescence of 5 vaccin ... | 2006 | 16850946 |
| african swine fever virus induces filopodia-like projections at the plasma membrane. | when exiting the cell vaccinia virus induces actin polymerization and formation of a characteristic actin tail on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane, directly beneath the extracellular particle. the actin tail acts to propel the virus away from the cell surface to enhance its cell-to-cell spread. we now demonstrate that african swine fever virus (asfv), a member of the asfarviridae family, also stimulates the polymerization of actin at the cell surface. intracellular asfv particles projec ... | 2006 | 16869831 |
| epidemiological survey of viral diseases of pigs in the mekong delta of vietnam between 1999 and 2003. | in the mekong delta, backyard pig rearing plays an integral role in recycling nutrients in farming systems and generating valuable cash income. however, development has been hampered by fatal epizootics of piglets and reproductive failure of sows. diseases are named by symptoms and blindly treated with antibiotics. as antibiotics are often ineffectual, involvement of viral diseases are suspected. to identify the causative agent, we first sero-surveyed porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrom ... | 2006 | 16904851 |
| identification of a novel virulence determinant within the e2 structural glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 glycoprotein contains a discrete epitope (tavspttlr, residues 829-837 of csfv polyprotein) recognized by monoclonal antibody (mab) wh303, used to differentiate csfv from related ruminant pestiviruses, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and border disease virus (bdv), that infect swine without causing disease. progressive mutations were introduced into mab wh303 epitope in csfv virulent strain brescia (bicv) to obtain the homologous amino acid sequence of bvd ... | 2006 | 16908042 |
| phenotype-based identification of host genes required for replication of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) produces a fatal acute hemorrhagic fever in domesticated pigs that potentially is a worldwide economic threat. using an expressed sequence tag (est) library-based antisense method of random gene inactivation and a phenotypic screen for limitation of asfv replication in cultured human cells, we identified six host genes whose cellular functions are required by asfv. these included three loci, bat3 (hla-b-associated transcript 3), c1qtnf (c1q and tumor necrosis fac ... | 2006 | 16912318 |
| [classical swine fever in germany, in hindsight]. | 2006 | 16916202 | |
| [classical swine fever: holland barely escapes]. | 2006 | 16916205 | |
| candidate peptide-vaccine induced potent protection against csfv and identified a principal sequential neutralizing determinant on e2. | previously, two candidate multi-peptide-vaccines (mpvs) consisted of five overlapping synthetic peptides covering the antigenic domain b/c (aa693-777) on envelope protein e2 were prepared in our lab. and they successfully induced peptide-specific neutralizing antibodies and provided pigs with complete protection from the lethal challenge of virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain shimen. in this study, these five peptides were conjugated to bovine serum albumin (bsa), with which five ... | 2006 | 16154668 |
| african swine fever virus causes microtubule-dependent dispersal of the trans-golgi network and slows delivery of membrane protein to the plasma membrane. | viral interference with secretory cargo is a common mechanism for pathogen immune evasion. selective down regulation of critical immune system molecules such as major histocompatibility complex (mhc) proteins enables pathogens to mask themselves from their host. african swine fever virus (asfv) disrupts the trans-golgi network (tgn) by altering the localization of tgn46, an organelle marker for the distal secretory pathway. reorganization of membrane transport components may provide a mechanism ... | 2006 | 16956944 |
| candidate peptide-vaccines induced immunity against csfv and identified sequential neutralizing determinants in antigenic domain a of glycoprotein e2. | antigenic domain a is a highly conserved unit on envelope protein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv). it was found that mutant e2 containing only unit a, with the unit bc deleted, provided immunized pigs with complete protection against the lethal challenge. in this study, six overlapping peptides (a1-a6) covering this unit were synthesized and conjugated to bovine serum albumin (bsa). two candidate multi-peptide-vaccines (mpvs) using aluminum adjuvant successfully induced potent immunity ... | 2006 | 16300867 |
| development of a nested pcr and its internal control for the detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) in ornithodoros erraticus. | a nested pcr assay, with an internal control, was developed to detect african swine fever virus (asfv) dna in ornithodoros erraticus. the assay revealed a better analytical sensitivity than virus isolation and the oie pcr protocol. all ticks collected from the field, which were positive by virus isolation, were also positive by pcr. viral dna was detected in a further 19 out of 60 ticks from which no virus was isolated. our results show that this assay is reliable and can easily be used to scree ... | 2006 | 16328146 |
| immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus ns3 protein in vitro and in vivo. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease of pigs characterised by fever, severe leukopenia and haemorrhages. with vaccines having an importance in disease control, studies are seeking improved protein-based subunit vaccine against the virus (csfv). in this respect, recombinant viral ns3 protein was analysed for its immunopotentiating capacity, particularly in terms of cytotoxic immune responses. ns3 was effective at inducing in vitro responses, quantified by lym ... | 2006 | 16336932 |
| dna polymerase x from african swine fever virus: quantitative analysis of the enzyme-ssdna interactions and the functional structure of the complex. | interactions of polymerase x from african swine fever virus with single-stranded dna (ssdna) have been studied, using quantitative fluorescence titration and analytical ultracentrifugation techniques. experiments were performed with a fluorescent etheno-derivative of ssdna oligomers. studies of unmodified ssdna oligomers were carried out using the competition titration method. the total site-size of the pol x-ssdna complex is 16(+/-1) nucleotide residues. the large total ssdna-binding site has a ... | 2006 | 16337650 |
| regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by viral a238l-mediated inhibition of p65/rela acetylation and p300 transactivation. | uncontrolled generation of nitric oxide (no) by inducible nitric-oxide synthase (inos) can cause damage to host cells and inflammation, two undesirable events for virus spreading. african swine fever virus (asfv) infection regulates inos-induced gene expression through the synthesis of the a238l virus protein. we here explored the role of a238l, an nf-kappab and nfat inhibitor, in the regulation of inos transcription in macrophages. no production and inos mrna and protein levels as well as inos ... | 2006 | 17041221 |
| macrophage transcriptional responses following in vitro infection with a highly virulent african swine fever virus isolate. | we used a porcine microarray containing 2,880 cdnas to investigate the response of macrophages to infection by a virulent african swine fever virus (asfv) isolate, malawi lil20/1. one hundred twenty-five targets were found to be significantly altered at either or both 4 h and 16 h postinfection compared with targets after mock infection. these targets were assigned into three groups according to their temporal expression profiles. eighty-six targets showed increased expression levels at 4 h post ... | 2006 | 17041222 |
| quadruple antigenic epitope peptide producing immune protection against classical swine fever virus. | research on epitope-based vaccines is a current focus in the development of new vaccines against classical swine fever virus (csfv). the present study aimed to engineer a quadruple antigenic epitope peptide of the csfv immunogen e2 glycoprotein by splice overlap extension (soe) pcr, expressed in e. coli fused with glutathione s-transferase (gst), and named rgst-4e. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot analysis showed that purified rgst-4e had an excellent immunoreactivity w ... | 2006 | 17050046 |
| sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of uncertain factors in a scenario tree model for classical swine fever introduction. | introduction of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a continuing threat to the pig production sector in the european union. a scenario tree model was developed to obtain more insight into the main risk factors determining the probability of csfv introduction (p(csfv)). as this model contains many uncertain input parameters, sensitivity analysis was used to indicate which of these parameters influence model results most. group screening combined with the statistical techniques of design of expe ... | 2006 | 17054533 |
| validation of a real-time rt-pcr assay for rapid and specific diagnosis of classical swine fever virus. | two new real-time rt-pcr kits developed by lsi (taqvet csf) and adiagene (adiavet csf) obtained a manufacturing agreement in france during the past year. for that purpose, the classical swine fever (csf) national reference laboratory (nrl) planned a schedule of conditions to be fulfilled by commercial real-time rt-pcr assays. the producers were asked to introduce an internal control to check the rna extraction efficacy. the different criteria assessed were: sensitivity, specificity, especially " ... | 2006 | 17058493 |
| genome comparison of a novel classical swine fever virus isolated in china in 2004 with other csfv strains. | the genome of a novel classical swine fever virus (csfv), swh/ca/2004, isolated from a hog pen in henan province, central china, is 12,296 nucleotides (nt) in length. it is composed of a 373-nt 5' terminal non-translated region (ntr), a 11,697-nt open reading frame (orf) encoding a polyprotein of 3,898 amino acids (aa), and a 226-nt 3'-ntr. genome comparison of the swh/ca/2004 isolate (genbank accession: dq127910) with other known csfv isolates was performed and analyzed. corresponding segments ... | 2006 | 16972026 |
| limited bvdv transmission and full protection against csfv transmission in pigs experimentally infected with bvdv type 1b. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in pigs may interfere with the detection and epidemiology of classical swine fever virus (csfv). to investigate the importance of bvdv infections in pigs, first we studied the transmission dynamics of a recent bvdv field isolate. subsequently, the protection of bvd antibodies against transmission and clinical disease of csf virus was studied. only limited transmission of bvdv occurred (r = 0.20), while no csfv transmission occurred in pigs with bvdv antibodies. ... | 2006 | 16979307 |
| generation of filamentous instead of icosahedral particles by repression of african swine fever virus structural protein pb438l. | the mechanisms involved in the construction of the icosahedral capsid of the african swine fever virus (asfv) particle are not well understood at present. capsid formation requires protein p72, the major capsid component, but other viral proteins are likely to play also a role in this process. we have examined the function of the asfv structural protein pb438l, encoded by gene b438l, in virus morphogenesis. we show that protein pb438l associates with membranes during the infection, behaving as a ... | 2006 | 17005638 |
| the african swine fever virus nonstructural protein pb602l is required for formation of the icosahedral capsid of the virus particle. | african swine fever virus (asfv) protein pb602l has been described as a molecular chaperone for the correct folding of the major capsid protein p72. we have studied the function of protein pb602l during the viral assembly process by using a recombinant asfv, vb602li, which inducibly expresses the gene coding for this protein. we show that protein pb602l is a late nonstructural protein, which, in contrast with protein p72, is excluded from the viral factory. repression of protein pb602l synthesis ... | 2006 | 17035321 |
| protection of gruntlings against classical swine fever virus-infection after oral vaccination of sows with c-strain vaccine. | the objective of this study was to investigate the maternal protection of gruntlings derived from wild sows vaccinated orally against classical swine fever (csf) using c-strain vaccine. three vaccinated sows and one unvaccinated control sow were included. challenge infection of the progeny was carried out either intranasally or by contact at the beginning of the third month of life (61-65 days post-natum). whereas, two of three litters had maternal antibodies, the progeny of one vaccinated sow w ... | 2006 | 17123422 |
| first results of detection of prrsv and csfv rna by sybr green i-based quantitative pcr. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) and classical swine fever (csf) cause significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. as both diseases cause similar symptoms, rapid and reliable detection of these diseases is essential for disease surveillance. a quantitative sybr green i-based reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) is described for simultaneous and differential diagnosis. the established rt-pcr for the quantitation of prrsv and csfv cdna was f ... | 2006 | 17123423 |
| influence of different diets on growth performance, meat quality, and disease resistance in pig crossbreeds (pie x mc-local) and pie (lw x mc-local). | the present study evaluated the effect of different dietary formulations on the growth rate in pigs and their resistance to infection with hog cholera. results indicate that growth rates can be enhanced by certain formulations and that there is a correlation between this increased growth rate and increased resistance to infection with hog cholera. | 2006 | 17135567 |
| [exclusion of classical swine fever by pcr test]. | 2006 | 17137224 | |
| asfv dna polymerse x is extremely error-prone under diverse assay conditions and within multiple dna sequence contexts. | we previously demonstrated that the dna repair system encoded by the african swine fever virus (asfv) is both extremely error-prone during the single-nucleotide gap-filling step (catalyzed by asfv dna polymerase x) and extremely error-tolerant during the nick-sealing step (catalyzed by asfv dna ligase). on the basis of these findings we have suggested that at least some of the diversity known to exist among asfv isolates may be a consequence of mutagenic dna repair, wherein damaged nucleotides a ... | 2006 | 17144676 |
| serodiagnostic comparison between two methods, elisa and surface plasmon resonance for the detection of antibodies of classical swine fever. | a protein chip based on surface plasmon resonance (spr) was developed to measure the antibody (ab) titers of classical swine fever virus (csfv) using the recombinant gp55 protein as an antigen. the diagnostic potential of this spr assay for detecting the ab titers to csfv gp55 was compared that of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using 170 serum samples from 14 pig farms. the spr assay was highly specific and sensitive, and there were no cross-reactions detected. there was a strong ... | 2006 | 17213702 |
| comparative susceptibility of indigenous and improved pig breeds to classical swine fever virus infection: practical and epidemiological implications in a subsistence-based, developing country setting. | this study investigated the comparative susceptibility of indigenous moo laat and improved large white/landrace pig breeds to infection with classical swine fever virus (csfv) under controlled conditions in the lao people's democratic republic (lao pdr). the moo laat (ml) and large white/landrace cross-breed (lwc) pigs were inoculated with a standard challenge strain designated lao/kham225 (infectivity titre of 10(2.75) tcid50/ml). the results demonstrated that both the native breed and an impro ... | 2006 | 17243474 |
| pasteurella multocida and its role in porcine pneumonia. | pasteurella multocida has been recognized as a contributor to debilitating and fatal porcine pneumonia for at least 120 years and there continues to be sustained, unabated high prevalence of the organism in cases submitted for diagnostic work up. understanding of its role in disease has been limited, in part because of difficulty in reproducing the disease experimentally with capsular type a strains of p. multocida, the predominant type associated with porcine pneumonia. this limitation has stym ... | 2006 | 17389051 |
| diagnostic procedures after completion of oral immunisation against classical swine fever in wild boar. | the purpose of this paper is to define diagnostic procedures for wild boar after the completion of oral immunisation against classical swine fever (csf). epidemiological analysis of csf in wild boar in germany demonstrated that it is vital to carry out virological investigations on all animals found dead, sick or involved in traffic accidents. in principle, this should ensure an effective and prompt diagnosis of csf. in addition, a defined number of wild boar, especially young animals < or = 6 m ... | 2006 | 17361765 |
| assessment of classical swine fever diagnostics and vaccine performance. | rapid and accurate diagnosis is of the utmost importance in the control of epizootic diseases such as classical swine fever (csf), and efficacious vaccination can be used as a supporting tool. while most of the recently developed csf vaccines and diagnostic kits are mostly validated according to world organisation for animal health (oie) standards, not all of the well-established traditional vaccines and diagnostic tests were subject to these validation procedures and requirements. in this repor ... | 2006 | 17361768 |
| characterization of epitopes for neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to classical swine fever virus e2 and erns using phage-displayed random peptide library. | infection of cells with classical swine fever virus (csfv) is mediated by the interaction of envelope glycoproteins e2 and erns with receptor molecules on the cell surface. these proteins are also the major antigens for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and conferring protective immunity. here we report the identification of multiple neutralizing epitopes on these proteins by screening a phage-displayed random peptide library with csfv-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. two different e ... | 2006 | 16132176 |
| detection and quantitative pathogenesis study of classical swine fever virus using a real time rt-pcr assay. | a real time reverse transcription (rt) taqman pcr assay for the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) previously described for use on a smartcycler was validated on the applied biosystems ab 7700 sequence detection system using the roche magna pure instrument for nucleic acid extraction and reaction set up. the primers and probe were specific for the csfv strains (nsw, baker and weybridge) and did not react with other pestiviruses (bdv tobias, bdv #327, bvdv non-cpe and bvdv c24v). ana ... | 2006 | 16139899 |
| secreted expression of the classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e(rns) in yeast and application to a sandwich blocking elisa. | e(rns) is an envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) with rnase activity. the purpose of this study was to produce an active e(rns) for further applications using the yeast secreted expression system. the e(rns) gene was cloned into the expression vector pgapzalphac which was introduced into pichia pastoris. expression of e(rns) protein in culture supernatant was confirmed by western blot analysis using both the monoclonal antibody against csfv e(rns) and csfv-positive swine ... | 2006 | 16213600 |
| in silico studies of the african swine fever virus dna polymerase x support an induced-fit mechanism. | the african swine fever virus dna polymerase x (pol x), a member of the x family of dna polymerases, is thought to be involved in base excision repair. kinetics data indicate that pol x catalyzes dna polymerization with low fidelity, suggesting a role in viral mutagenesis. though pol x lacks the fingers domain that binds the dna in other members of the x family, it binds dna tightly. to help interpret details of this interaction, molecular dynamics simulations of free pol x at different salt con ... | 2006 | 16214865 |
| phylogenetic analysis of recent isolates of classical swine fever virus from colombia. | the ability to discriminate between different classical swine fever virus (csfv) isolates is a prerequisite for identifying the possible origin of an outbreak. to determine the relatedness between colombian isolates from different geographical regions, genetic sequences of the glycoprotein e2 and the 5'utr of csfv were amplified by pcr, sequenced and compared with reference strains of different genetic grouping. the viruses originated from classical swine fever (csf) outbreaks in colombia during ... | 2006 | 16143418 |
| the viral protein a238l inhibits tnf-alpha expression through a cbp/p300 transcriptional coactivators pathway. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is able to inhibit tnf-alpha-induced gene expression through the synthesis of a238l protein. this was shown by the use of deletion mutants lacking the a238l gene from the vero cell-adapted ba71v asfv strain and from the virulent isolate e70. to further analyze the molecular mechanism by which the viral gene controls tnf-alpha, we have used jurkat cells stably transfected with the viral gene to identify the tnf-alpha regulatory elements involved in the induction o ... | 2006 | 16365438 |
| armored rna as virus surrogate in a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay proficiency panel. | in recent years testing responsibilities for high-consequence pathogens have been expanded from national reference laboratories into networks of local and regional laboratories in order to support enhanced disease surveillance and to test for surge capacity. this movement of testing of select agents and high-consequence pathogens beyond reference laboratories introduces a critical need for standardized, noninfectious surrogates of disease agents for use as training and proficiency test samples. ... | 2006 | 16390950 |
| negative impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection on the efficacy of classical swine fever vaccine. | recent findings suggest that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) possesses immunomodulatory properties. to investigate the effect of prrsv infection on classical swine fever (csf) vaccine efficacy, 17-day-old pigs were divided into five groups. the experimental group was infected with a thai prrsv (us genotype) a week before csf vaccination and challenged with a virulent csf virus (csfv) 3 weeks following vaccination. the control groups received no prrsv infection, no csf ... | 2006 | 16406169 |
| nuclear export of african swine fever virus p37 protein occurs through two distinct pathways and is mediated by three independent signals. | nucleocytoplasmic shuttling activity of the african swine fever virus p37 protein, a major structural protein of this highly complex virus, has been recently reported. the systematic characterization of the nuclear export ability of this protein constituted the major purpose of the present study. we report that both the n- and c-terminal regions of p37 protein are actively exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of yeast and mammalian cells. moreover, experiments using leptomycin b and small ... | 2006 | 16415017 |
| characterization of the n-terminal domain of classical swine fever virus rna-dependent rna polymerase. | to investigate rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) further, mutational analysis of the n-terminal domain of the ns5b protein of classical swine fever virus was performed. results show that the n-terminal domain (positions 1-300) of the protein might be divided artificially into four different regions, n1-n4. the n1 region (positions 1-61) contained neither conserved lysine nor conserved arginine residues. ns5b protein with deletion of the n1 region has the capacity for elongative rna synthesis, ... | 2006 | 16432021 |
| core protein of pestiviruses is processed at the c terminus by signal peptide peptidase. | the core protein of pestiviruses is released from the polyprotein by viral and cellular proteinases. here we report on an additional intramembrane proteolytic step that generates the c terminus of the core protein. c-terminal processing of the core protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was blocked by the inhibitor (z-ll)(2)-ketone, which is specific for signal peptide peptidase (spp). the same effect was obtained by overexpression of the dominant-negative spp d(265)a mutant. the presence ... | 2006 | 16439547 |
| the protective immune response induced by b cell epitope of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e2. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) envelope glycoprotein e2 is a major protective immunogen responsible for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and conferring protective immunity against the virus. based on the core sequence (tavspttlr, 829-837 aa) of the b cell linear epitope of the csfv e2 protein identified by lin et al., two oligonucleotides mf and mr were synthesized and used to construct by pcr a gene cassette encoding a 15 amino acid polypeptide m (ctavspttlrtevvk), which spans 828-842 amin ... | 2006 | 16455143 |
| porcine interleukin-3 enhances dna vaccination against classical swine fever. | dna vectors can be used to deliver vaccine antigens that stimulate effective protective immunity in mice, but in larger, outbred animal species, the protective efficacy is lower or large doses of dna are required. these data demonstrate that porcine interleukin-3 (il-3) when delivered to pigs by dna vector or in low doses as recombinant protein, can enhance antibody responses to classical swine fever virus antigen expressed from co-delivered dna, and improve the protective efficacy of the dna va ... | 2006 | 16457910 |
| a serological survey of selected pathogens in wild boar in slovenia. | serum samples collected from 178 shot wild boars (sus scrofa) were tested for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus, aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus, swine influenza virus, porcine parvovirus (ppv), swine vesicular disease virus, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, salmonella spp., brucella spp. and haemophilus para ... | 2006 | 16460352 |
| descriptive epidemiology of the outbreak of classical swine fever in catalonia (spain), 2001/02. | spain suffered an outbreak of classical swine fever between june 14, 2001 and may 7, 2002, which affected 49 herds; this paper describes the epidemiological characteristics of the 39 herds that were affected in catalonia, an area of high pig density in the north east of spain. the outbreak took place in two waves, which affected first the province of lleida and then barcelona. a total of 291,058 animals were slaughtered, 59,595 belonging to infected herds; 22 of the infected herds were detected ... | 2007 | 17384291 |
| a novel role of classical swine fever virus e(rns) glycoprotein in counteracting the newcastle disease virus (ndv)-mediated ifn-beta induction. | e(rns) is an envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and has an unusual feature of rnase activity. in the present study, we demonstrate that e(rns) counteracts newcastle disease virus (ndv)-mediated induction of ifn-beta. for this purpose, e(rns) fused to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) was transiently expressed in porcine kidney 15 (pk15) cells. in luciferase activity assay, e(rns)-egfp was found to prevent ifn-beta promoter-driven luciferase expression and blo ... | 2007 | 17927891 |
| value of skin punch biopsies for the diagnosis of acute classical swine fever. | the objective of this study was to determine if skin punch biopsies are appropriate for the diagnosis of classical swine fever. for this purpose, 6 wild boars and 2 domestic pigs were experimentally infected with the highly virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) koslov and 5 domestic pigs with a csfv field isolate (genotype 2.3 uelzen) derived from wild boar. skin biopsy specimens were tested using virus isolation, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtrt-pcr), and fl ... | 2007 | 17998561 |
| n(pro) fusion technology to produce proteins with authentic n termini in e. coli. | we describe a prokaryotic expression system using the autoproteolytic function of n(pro) from classical swine fever virus. proteins or peptides expressed as n(pro) fusions are deposited as inclusion bodies. on in vitro refolding by switching from chaotropic to kosmotropic conditions, the fusion partner is released from the c-terminal end of the autoprotease by self-cleavage, leaving the target protein with an authentic n terminus. a tailor-made n(pro) mutant called eddie, with increased in vitro ... | 2007 | 18026112 |
| the internal initiation of translation in bovine viral diarrhea virus rna depends on the presence of an rna pseudoknot upstream of the initiation codon. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is the prototype representative of the pestivirus genus in the flaviviridae family. it has been shown that the initiation of translation of bvdv rna occurs by an internal ribosome entry mechanism mediated by the 5' untranslated region of the viral rna 1. the 5' and 3' boundaries of the ires of the cytopathic bvdv nadl have been mapped and it has been suggested that the ires extends into the coding of the bvdv polyprotein 2. a putative pseudoknot structure has b ... | 2007 | 18034871 |
| [the oral immune efficacy of recombinant lactobacillus casei expressing csfv e290 peptide and it elicited specific ctl response]. | the gene encoding classical swine fever virus (csfv) t cell epitope e290 peptide was synthesized by pcr, cloned into the expression vector ppg-vp2 and named ppg-vp2-e290. the recombinant plasmid was electrotransformed into lactobacillus casei 393 generating ppg-vp2-e290/l. casei 393. specific anti-csfv e290 peptide immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody was detected by indirect elisa in the serum of balb/c mice and rabbits immunized with recombinant strain by oral administration. the ctl of e290 was an ... | 2007 | 18051877 |
| descriptive summary of an outbreak of porcine post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws ) in new zealand. | investigations were conducted to determine the cause of an acute, multi-farm outbreak of porcine respiratory disease that included diarrhoea and subsequent loss of body condition in affected pigs. a definition for post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) including both clinical and pathological features, previously developed for the pig industry in new zealand, was applied to the current outbreak. in addition to self-reporting by owners of affected farms, local veterinarians, disease a ... | 2007 | 18059655 |
| [replicative kinetics of classical swine fever virus in pk-15 cells]. | in order to understand the replication kinetics of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in in vitro cells pk-15 cells were seeded in 96-well tissues culture plates. after overnight incubation at 37 degrees c in 5% co2 environment when growing to 80% confluence, the cells were infected with csfv strain shimen at 100 tcid50 per well. at various time post infection (p.i.) the replication of the virus in the cells were analyzed repectively by detection of viral antigen using indirect immunofluorescent ... | 2007 | 18062252 |
| effect of n-glycosylation inhibition on the synthesis and processing of classical swine fever virus glycoproteins. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is often used as a surrogate model in molecular studies of the closely related hepatitis c virus. in this report we have examined the effect of the inhibition of glycosylation on the survival and maturation of csfv. viral glycoproteins (e(rns), e1, e2) form biologically active complexes - homo- and heterodimers, which are indispensable for viral life cycle. those complexes are highly n-glycosylated. we studied the influence of n-glycosylation on dimer formation ... | 2007 | 18084653 |
| systematic analysis of longitudinal serological responses of pigs infected experimentally with african swine fever virus. | the protective immune response to african swine fever virus (asfv) includes both cellular and serological components. in this study, the role of antibodies in the pathogenicity and diagnosis of african swine fever (asf) was explored. accordingly, total and ig isotype antibody responses against the 12 viral proteins previously demonstrated to be the main targets of serological immunity were evaluated in longitudinally collected sera from pigs infected experimentally with the non-pathogenic asfv/n ... | 2007 | 17698651 |
| numerical taxonomy of the genus pestivirus based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions in the 5' untranslated region. | the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (pns) at the three variable loci (v1, v2 and v3) in the 5' untranslated region (utr) of pestivirus rna have been considered for taxonomical segregation of species, through the evaluation of 430 genomic sequences. on the basis of qualitative and quantitative secondary structure characteristics, six species have been identified: bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus (csfv), border disease ... | 2007 | 17719098 |
| complete sequence of a subgroup 3.4 strain of classical swine fever virus from taiwan. | classical swine fever viruses from taiwan have been classified into two subgroups (3.4 and 2.1). outbreaks caused by 3.4 viruses were reported in taiwan prior to 1996 and which mainly distributed in the geographic range from southern japan to taiwan. we have determined the complete sequence of a reference strain, 94.4/il/94/twn. the genome contains 12,296 nucleotides, encoding 3,898 amino acids flanked by a 372-nt region at the 5' untranslated region (utr) and a 227-nt region at the 3'-utr. simi ... | 2007 | 17721814 |
| antigenic differentiation of classical swine fever vaccinal strain pav-250 from other strains, including field strains from mexico. | twenty-nine classical swine fever virus (csfv) strains were grown in the pk15 or sk6 cell lines. antigenic differentiation studies were performed using monoclonal antibodies (mcabs), produced at lelystad (cdi-dlo), the netherlands. the monoclonals which were classified numerically as monoclonals 2-13. epitope map patterns that resulted from the reactivity with mcabs were found to be unrelated to the pathogenicity of the viruses studied. antigenic determinants were recognized by mcabs 5 and 8, we ... | 2007 | 17728020 |
| interactions of the dna polymerase x of african swine fever virus with double-stranded dna. functional structure of the complex. | interactions of the polymerase x of african swine fever virus with the double-stranded dna (dsdna) have been studied with fluorescent dsdna oligomers, using quantitative fluorescence titrations, analytical ultracentrifugation, and fluorescence energy transfer techniques. studies with unmodified dsdnas were performed, using competition titration method. asv pol x binds the dsdna with a site-size of n=10(+/-2) base-pairs, which is significantly shorter than the total site-size of 16(+/-2) nucleoti ... | 2007 | 17765921 |
| immunity against ns3 protein of classical swine fever virus does not protect against lethal challenge infection. | classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease of swine caused by classical swine fever virus, an oie list a pathogen. in the european union the virus has been eradicated from the domestic pig population and prophylactic immunization has been banned. nevertheless, intervention immunizations using marker vaccines are one possibility to deal with reintroduced csfv. at present, baculovirus-expressed e2 protein is used as such a marker vaccine. however, this vaccine cannot fully protect agains ... | 2007 | 17931119 |
| diagnosis of classical swine fever virus in a limited resource setting: the influence of pig breed on methodology and sample selection. | 2007 | 17941484 | |
| interactions of the dna polymerase x from african swine fever virus with gapped dna substrates. quantitative analysis of functional structures of the formed complexes. | energetics and specificity of interactions between the african swine fever virus polymerase x and gapped dna substrates have been studied, using the quantitative fluorescence titration technique. stoichiometries of pol x complexes, with the dna substrates, are higher than suggested by nmr studies. this can be understood in the context of the functionally heterogeneous organization of the total dna-binding site of pol x, which is composed of two dna-binding subsites. the enzyme forms two differen ... | 2007 | 17941646 |
| [co-expression of csfv t cell epitope e290 peptide and ppv vp2 protein in lactobacillus casei and determination of specific antibodies in immunized mice]. | lactobacillus casei strain 393 was selected as an antigen delivery vehicle for the development of oral vaccine to express recombinant classical swine fever virus (csfv) t cell epitope e290 peptide and porcine parvovirus (ppv) vp2 protein. the recombinant genes encoding csfv t cell epitope e290 peptide and ppv vp2 protein, respectively, were cloned into the secretion expression vector ppg, and then the ppg-vp2-e290 was electrotransformed into l. casei 393 giving rise to recombinant strain ppg-vp2 ... | 2007 | 17944369 |
| the npro product of classical swine fever virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus uses a conserved mechanism to target interferon regulatory factor-3. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a member of the genus pestivirus in the family flaviviridae. the n(pro) product of csfv targets the host's innate immune response and can prevent the production of type i interferon (ifn). the mechanism by which csfv orchestrates this inhibition was investigated and it is shown that, like the related pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), this involves the n(pro) protein targeting interferon regulatory factor-3 (irf-3) for degradation by proteasomes ... | 2007 | 17947522 |
| classical swine fever virus inhibits nitric oxide production in infected macrophages. | classical swine fever virus (csfv)-macrophage interactions during infection were analysed by examining macrophage transcriptional responses via microarray. eleven genes had increased mrna levels (>2.5-fold, p<0.05) in infected cell cultures, including arginase-1, an inhibitor of nitric oxide production, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, chemokine receptor 4 and interleukin-1beta. lower levels of nitric oxide and increased arginase activity were found in csfv-infected macrophages. these changes in gene ... | 2007 | 17947523 |
| [differences in glycosylation of the e2 protein between virulent shimen strain and a virulent c-strain of classical swine fever virus]. | the e2 envelope glycoprotein of virulent shimen strain and avirulent c-strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv) has 5 and 6 potential glycosylation sites, respectively, and the potential glycosylation site 986n is unique to c-strain. to study the differences in glycosylation between the virus pair, the e2 genes (removing signal sequence and transmembrane anchor regions) of the two strains fused with the melittin signal sequence were expressed in the sf9 insect cells. the recombinant e2 prote ... | 2007 | 17969857 |
| mutations in the carboxyl terminal region of e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus are responsible for viral attenuation in swine. | we have previously reported [risatti, g.r., borca, m.v., kutish, g.f., lu, z., holinka, l.g., french, r.a., tulman, e.r., rock, d.l. 2005a. the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus is a virulence determinant in swine. j. virol. 79, 3787-3796] that chimeric virus 319.1v containing the e2 glycoprotein gene from classical swine fever virus (csfv) vaccine strain cs with the genetic background of highly virulent csfv strain brescia (bicv) was markedly attenuated in pigs. to identify the ami ... | 2007 | 17418362 |
| a unified kinetic mechanism applicable to multiple dna polymerases. | after extensive studies spanning over half a century, there is little consensus on the kinetic mechanism of dna polymerases. using stopped-flow fluorescence assays for mammalian dna polymerase beta (pol beta), we have previously identified a fast fluorescence transition corresponding to conformational closing, and a slow fluorescence transition matching the rate of single-nucleotide incorporation. here, by varying ph and buffer viscosity, we have decoupled the rate of single-nucleotide incorpora ... | 2007 | 17419590 |
| combined dna vaccination against three animal viruses elicits decreased immunogenicity of a single plasmid in mice. | in order to investigate whether combined dna vaccines are an ideal way to combine antigens in a single vaccine formulation, we immunized mice with three plasmids (pvsg, pvgd and pve2), respectively, encoding the antigen of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), pseudorabies virus (prv) and classic swine fever virus (csfv), either alone or in a combined vaccine regimen. we also investigated the immune responses induced by a series of mixtures in which three plasmids were mixed in pairs. then we fur ... | 2007 | 17420075 |
| evidence of natural recombination in classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever (csf) virus, one member of the family flaviviridae is the pathogen of csf, an economically important and highly contagious disease of pigs. although homologous recombination has been demonstrated in many other members of the family, it is unknown whether there is recombination in natural populations of csfv. to detect possible recombination events, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of 25 full-length csfv strains isolated all over the world. putative recombinant sequences ... | 2007 | 17428567 |
| identification and characterization of the ntpase activity of classical swine fever virus (csfv) nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) expressed in bacteria. | the nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) of members of the family flaviviridae possesses multiple enzyme activities that are likely to be essential for viral replication. here, we cloned and expressed full-length csfv ns3 protein (ns3fl) and its n-terminal truncated version (ntns3) in e. coli. ntpase activities of the purified ns3fl and ntns3 proteins and their reaction conditions were investigated. the results showed that csfv ns3fl and ntns3 proteins contained a specific polynucleotide-stimulated ntp ... | 2007 | 17447110 |
| nonstructural proteins ns2-3 and ns4a of classical swine fever virus: essential features for infectious particle formation. | the nonstructural protein ns2-3 of pestiviruses undergoes tightly regulated processing. for bovine viral diarrhea virus it was shown that uncleaved ns2-3 is required for infectious particle formation while cleaved ns3 is essential for genome replication. to further investigate the functions of ns2-3 and ns4a in the pestivirus life cycle, we established t7 rna polymerase-dependent trans-complementation for p7-ns2-3-4a of classical swine fever virus (csfv). expression of ns2-3 and ns4a in trans re ... | 2007 | 17482232 |
| serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever virus and other pestiviruses in wild boar (sus scrofa) in the republic of croatia. | the presence of serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever (csf) virus and other pestiviruses among the wild boar (sus scrofa) population in croatia was investigated. during 2003, serum samples from 214 wild boars were collected in 10 hunting areas in the continental part of the country. the sera were examined by enzyme immunoassay (elisa) and in the virus neutralization test (vnt). out of 214 sera tested 111 (51.87 %) were positive by elisa and regarding neutralising antibodies, ag ... | 2007 | 17484502 |
| protection of pigs from lethal challenge by a dna vaccine based on an alphavirus replicon expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus. | in a previous study, it has been shown that a semliki forest virus (sfv) replicon vectored dna vaccine (psfv1cs-e2) expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) conferred full protection for pigs immunized three times with 600 microg of the vaccine. this study was designed to evaluate further the efficacy of the vaccine with lower dosage and fewer inoculations. pigs were immunized twice with 100 microg of psfv1cs-e2 (n=5) or control plasmid psfv1cs (n=3), respectively, an ... | 2007 | 17499369 |
| evidence of indirect transmission of classical swine fever virus through contacts with people. | a strict system for visiting experimentally inoculated and susceptible weaner pigs was used to examine the potential indirect transmission of classical swine fever (csf) virus by people wearing contaminated boots, gloves and coveralls. the inoculated and susceptible pigs were housed in separate compartments, between which the airborne transmission of the virus was impossible. a worst-case scenario with an intensive visiting protocol and no form of disinfection or hygiene was established. fifteen ... | 2007 | 17513834 |
| [nonspecific clinical signs in pigs and use of exclusion diagnosis for classical swine fever: a survey among pig farmers and veterinary practitioners]. | outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf) occurred in spring 2006 in germany close to the dutch border. on 6th april dutch pig farmers were given the possibility to submit blood samples directly via their veterinary practitioner to the national reference laboratory for csf if their pigs had non-specific clinical symptoms or if pigs were being treated with antibiotics. the pig farm was not quarantined and was not visited by the veterinary authorities. over a period of 9 weeks 156 pig farmers submi ... | 2007 | 17515178 |
| mycoplasma contamination and viral immunomodulatory activity: dendritic cells open pandora's box. | during in vitro investigations on the interaction of classical swine fever virus (csfv)--an immunosuppressive viral pathogen--with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modc) a soluble factor with a strong anti-proliferative activity for t lymphocytes was found. this activity, with an inhibitory dilution 50% (id(50)) of 10(3)-10(7), was induced after virus infection of monocytes differentiating into dc. uv--inactivation of the supernatants and blocking experiments with a monoclonal antibody against ... | 2007 | 17532055 |
| identification of a novel virus in pigs--bungowannah virus: a possible new species of pestivirus. | in 2003 an outbreak of sudden deaths occurred in 3-4-week-old piglets on a farm in new south wales, australia. there was a marked increase in the birth of stillborn foetuses. pathological changes consisted of a multifocal non-suppurative myocarditis. a viral infection was suspected but a wide range of known agents were excluded. a modified sequence independent single primer amplification (sispa) method was used to identify a novel virus associated with this outbreak. conserved 5'utr motifs, the ... | 2007 | 17561301 |
| a common neutralizing epitope on envelope glycoprotein e2 of different pestiviruses: implications for improvement of vaccines and diagnostics for classical swine fever (csf)? | the pestivirus genus within the family of flaviviridae consists of at least three species; classical swine fever virus (csfv) found in swine and wild boar, bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 and type 2 (bvdv-i and bvdv-ii) mainly isolated from cattle and border disease virus (bdv) preferably replicating in ovine species. many features demonstrate differences between csfv and other pestiviruses, bvdv-i, bvdv-ii and bdv, here defined as noncsfv, whereas other features show similarities between al ... | 2007 | 17561359 |
| characterization of interaction of classical swine fever virus ns3 helicase with 3' untranslated region. | the classical swine fever virus (csfv) full-length ns3 protein (ns3f) and the truncated ns3 protein (ns3h) with postulated helicase domain were expressed and demonstrated to have helicase activity. further, the electrophoretic mobility shift assays containing ns3h and the viral 3' terminal sequences showed that ns3h specifically bound to the plus- and minus-strand 3'utr. the minus-strand 3'utr had higher binding activity. the 21-nt fragments at the 3'-most terminal sequences of both 3'utrs were ... | 2007 | 17566586 |