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molecular docking based virtual screening of compounds for inhibiting sortase a in l.monocytogenes.listeriosis is considered as an important public health issue. sortase a (srta) is an enzyme with catalytic role in l. monocytogenes that breaks the junction between threonine and glycine in the lpxtg motif (a key motif in internalin a (inla) that plays an important role in listeriosis). inactivation of srta was shown to inhibit anchoring of the invasion protein inia. this is in addition to inhibiting peptidoglycan-associated lpxtg proteins. therefore, it is of interest to inhibit stra using pot ...201526912950
controlling listeria monocytogenes scott a on surfaces of fully cooked turkey deli product using organic acid-containing marinades as postlethality dips.this study evaluated the efficacy of organic acids applied singly or in combination as postlethality dips to sliced uncured turkey deli loaves to inhibit the growth of listeria monocytogenes (lm) scott a. treatments consisted of sodium lactate (sl; 3.6%), potassium lactate (pl; 3.6%), sodium citrate (sc; 0.75%), a combination of sl and sodium diacetate (sda; 0.25%), and a combination of sl/pl/sda, alongside appropriate negative and positive controls. products were inoculated with 10(4)-10(5) cfu ...201526904656
development of a multi-pathogen enrichment broth for simultaneous growth of five common foodborne pathogens.the objective of the present study was to formulate a multi-pathogen enrichment broth which could support the simultaneous growth of five common foodborne pathogens (salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus, shigella flexneri, listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7). the formulated broth sssle was composed of potassium tellurite, bile salt, lithium chloride, and sodium chloride as growth-inhibitors; glucose, esculin, mannitol and sodium pyruvate as growth-promoters. compared with ...201526782652
probabilistic models to predict listeria monocytogenes growth at low concentrations of nano2 and nacl in frankfurters.this study developed probabilistic models to describe listeria monocytogenes growth responses in meat products with low concentrations of nano2 and nacl. a five-strain mixture of l. monocytogenes was inoculated in nbye (nutrient broth plus 0.6% yeast extract) supplemented with nano2 (0-141 ppm) and nacl (0-1.75%). the inoculated samples were then stored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at 4, 7, 10, 12, and 15℃ for up to 60 d. growth response data [growth (1) or no growth (0)] for each comb ...201526877642
prevalence of listeria monocytogenes in raw milk in kerman, iran.listeria monocytogenes as one of the most important pathogen in public health concerns is transmitted through consumption of contaminated food. the pathogen has been considered as a potential source of contamination of raw milk and dairy products. this research was aimed to investigate prevalence of l. monocytogenes in raw milk in kerman region. in the summer of 2011, a total number of one hundred raw milk samples were collected from bulk tanks of some dairy farms and tested for iap and acta gen ...201526893812
invasiveness of listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from animals in poland.animals are important reservoir of listeria monocytogenes, a pathogen causing serious infections in both humans and livestock. however, data on invasiveness of l. monocytogenes strains of animal origin is very scarce. ability of 18 l. monocytogenes strains of animal origin to invade ht-29 cells was investigated. plaque forming assay was used to assess invasiveness and ability of the pathogen to spread in the cell line. almost 40% of l. monocytogenes strains were weakly invasive. it was shown tha ...201526812809
occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of listeria species in turkey meats.the aims of this study were to investigate the occurrence of listeria species in turkey meats and to check the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated strains. hundred and fifteen raw turkey meat samples were randomly collected from the supermarkets, butchers and restaurants. strain isolation and identification were made according to the iso11290-1 method. antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the standard disc diffusion method. a total of 47 listeria spp. were isolated from 115 (4 ...201526761896
listeriosis phytotherapy: a review study on the effectiveness of iranian medicinal plants in treatment of listeriosis.listeria monocytogenes can be found in many processed foods, raw milk, dairy products, meat and meat products such as sausages, beef and fish products, seafoods, eggs, fruits, and vegetables such as radish and cabbage. this article is a review study on the iranian medicinal plants applied for treatment of listeriosis. information of this review article was obtained by searching various key words such as listeria monocytogenes, medicinal plants, plant extracts and essential oils among scientific ...201526682768
survey of yogurt powder storage in ambient export countries a safety evaluation standard compliance and comparative analysis.yogurt powder is fermented milk processed in the form of dry yogurt, and has advantages such as stability, storability, convenience, and portability. china and vietnam are important export target countries because of the increased demand for dairy products. therefore, we surveyed dairy product standardization in order to establish an export strategy. lactic acid bacteria counts are unregulated in korea and vietnam. in china, lactic acid bacteria counts are regulated at 1×10(6) colony-forming uni ...201526761812
growth modelling of listeria monocytogenes in korean pork bulgogi stored at isothermal conditions.the purpose of this study was to develop predictive models for the growth of listeria monocytogenes in pork bulgogi at various storage temperatures. a two-strain mixture of l. monocytogenes (atcc 15313 and isolated from pork bulgogi) was inoculated on pork bulgogi at 3 log cfu/g. l. monocytogenes strains were enumerated using general plating method on listeria selective medium. the inoculated samples were stored at 5, 15, and 25℃ for primary models. primary models were developed using the barany ...201526761807
listeria monocytogenes infection in ruminants: is there a link to the environment, food and human health? a review.listeria (l.) monocytogenes is widely distributed in the environment, but also has the ability to cause serious invasive disease in ruminants and humans. this review provides an overview of listeriosis in ruminants and discusses our insufficient understanding of reservoirs and possible cycling ofl. monocytogenes between animal and human hosts, food and the environment. it indicates gaps in our knowledge of the role of genetic subtypes in l. monocytogenes ecology and virulence as well as risk fac ...201526753347
plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using nanospherical brushes as a catalase container for colorimetric detection of ultralow concentrations of listeria monocytogenes.plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pelisa) based on catalase (cat)-mediated gold nanoparticle growth exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity for detecting disease-related biomarkers using sandwich formats. however, the limit of detection (lod) of this strategy for listeria monocytogenes is only around 10(3) cfu/ml, which considerably exceeds the amount of l. monocytogenes commonly present in food products (<100 cfu/g). herein, we report an improved pelisa method for detection of l. monocytogene ...201526646325
listeria monocytogenes bacteremia in a pancreas transplant recipient.we report a case of listeria monocytogenes bacteremia in a patient 12 years after his pancreas transplant, during which time he received a steroid-free immunosuppressive regimen. to our knowledge, there are no reported cases describing l monocytogenes bacteremia after pancreas transplant. in addition, although typically identified as a complication shortly after transplant or after treatment for organ rejection, this case demonstrates that it is still possible for a patient to develop a l monocy ...201526645926
[sanitary significance of soil sea coasts].there was investigated the dynamics of growth of listeria monocytogenes and yersinia pseudotuberculosis in soils of sea coast (mid-flight and maritime soils). these bacteria were shown to reproduced well in all researched soils, preferring nevertheless maritime soils. the content of the humus was determined to be the one of the limiting factors restricting the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria in studied soils. abiotic characteristic of soils of sea coast were established to render the direc ...201526625609
prevalence of listeria monocytogenes in raw bovine milk and milk products from central highlands of ethiopia.listeria monocytogenes is of major significance in human and veterinary medicine. most human listeria infections are foodborne and the association of contaminated milk and dairy produce consumption with human listeriosis is noteworthy. in ethiopia, there is limited data regarding the prevalence of l. monocytogenes in raw bovine milk and dairy products. the aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the prevalence of l. monocytogenes in raw bovine milk and dairy produce.201526623629
complete genome sequences of two listeria monocytogenes serovars, 1/2a and 4b, isolated from dairy products in brazil.listeria monocytogenes is the foodborne pathogen responsible for a bacterial infection called listeriosis. here, we present the whole-genome sequences of two l. monocytogenes serovars, 1/2a and 4b, which are considered the most prevalent in food processing plants and listeriosis outbreaks, respectively.201526679596
biosynthesis of paenibacillin, a lantibiotic with n-terminal acetylation, by paenibacillus polymyxa.paenibacillin, a recently-discovered lantibiotic from paenibacillus polymyxa osy-df, showed potency against listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and other gram-positive bacteria. the chemical structure of paenibacillin has been determined previously. this study was initiated to investigate the biosynthesis of paenibacillin, and to reveal unique features in its biosynthetic pathway. paenibacillin structural gene (paea) was identified by polymerase chain reaction (pc ...201526640048
[quantitative detection on contamination of listeria monocytogenes isolated from retail ready-to-eat meats in beijing].to survey the contamination of l. monocytogenes isolated from retail ready-to-eat meats in beijing.201526738383
functional heterogeneity in cd4(+) t cell responses against a bacterial pathogen.to investigate how cd4(+) t cells function against a bacterial pathogen, we generated a listeria monocytogenes-specific cd4(+) t cell model. in this system, two tcrtg mouse lines, llo56 and llo118, recognize the same immunodominant epitope (llo190-205) of l. monocytogenes and have identical in vitro responses. however, in vivo llo56 and llo118 display vastly different responses during both primary and secondary infection. llo118 dominates in the primary response and in providing cd8 t cell help. ...201526697015
rapid detection of listeria by bacteriophage amplification and sers-lateral flow immunochromatography.a rapid listeria detection method was developed utilizing a511 bacteriophage amplification combined with surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) and lateral flow immunochromatography (lfi). anti-a511 antibodies were covalently linked to sers nanoparticles and printed onto nitrocellulose membranes. antibody-conjugated sers nanoparticles were used as quantifiable reporters. in the presence of a511, phage-sers nanoparticle complexes were arrested and concentrated as a visible test line, which wa ...201526694448
ongoing outbreak of invasive listeriosis, germany, 2012 to 2015.listeriosis patient isolates in germany have shown a new identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) pattern since 2012 (n = 66). almost all isolates (listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2a) belonged to cases living in southern germany, indicating an outbreak with a so far unknown source. case numbers in 2015 are high (n = 28). no outbreak cases outside germany have been reported. next generation sequencing revealed the unique cluster type ct1248 and confirmed the outbreak. investigations in ...201526691727
listeria monocytogenes: strain heterogeneity, methods, and challenges of subtyping.listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that is associated with 20% to 30% case fatality rate. l. monocytogenes is a genetically heterogeneous species, with a small fraction of strains (serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 4b) implicated in human listeriosis. monitoring and source tracking of l. monocytogenes involve the use of subtyping methods, with the performance of genetic-based methods found to be superior to phenotypic-based ones. various methods have been used to subtype l. monocytoge ...201526588067
[a clinical analysis of 16 patients with maternal listeriosis].to summarize the clinical characteristics and outcome of maternal listeriosis so as to improve the understanding of disease and the level of diagnosis and treatment.201526674793
rhombencephalitis due to listeria monocytogenes: a clinicopathologic study of a case.central nervous system infections caused by listeria monocytogenes usually manifest in the form of meningitis or meningoencephalitis, and are more common among immunosuppressed patients. brainstem encephalitis (rhombencephalitis) is less common and fatal if not recognized and treated early.201526671740
listeriolysin o, but not murine e-cadherin, is involved in invasion of listeria monocytogenes into murine liver parenchymal cells.human e-cadherin and listeriolysin o (llo) are involved in invasion of listeria monocytogenes into human liver parenchymal cells (lpc). yet, it remains to be determined whether murine e-cadherin and llo participate in invasion of l. monocytogenes into murine lpc. in the present study, involvement of murine e-cadherin and llo in invasion of l. monocytogenes into murine lpc was investigated. murine e-cadherin was expressed on murine lpc, but the expression became undetectable by insertion of trans ...201526668665
interleukin-22-induced antimicrobial phospholipase a2 group iia mediates protective innate immunity of nonhematopoietic cells against listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen which establishes intracellular parasitism in various cells, including macrophages and nonhematopoietic cells, such as hepatocytes. it has been reported that several proinflammatory cytokines have pivotal roles in innate protection against l. monocytogenes infection. we found that a proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin 22 (il-22), was expressed by cd3(+) cd4(+) t cells at an early stage of l. monocytogenes infection in mice. to assess the influence ...201526644377
growth and inactivation of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in broth and validation in ground pork meat during simulated home storage abusive temperature and home pan-frying.ground pork meat with natural microbiota and inoculated with low initial densities (1-10 or 10-100 cfu/g) of salmonella enterica or listeria monocytogenes was stored under abusive temperature at 10°c and thermally treated by a simulated home pan-frying procedure. the growth and inactivation characteristics were also evaluated in broth. in ground pork meat, the population of s. enterica increased by less than one log after 12-days of storage at 10°c, whereas l. monocytogenes increased by 2.3 to 2 ...201526579079
choice of reference-guided sequence assembler and snp caller for analysis of listeria monocytogenes short-read sequence data greatly influences rates of error.the influences that different programs and conditions have on error rates of single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analyses are poorly understood. using illumina short-read sequence data generated from listeria monocytogenes strain hpb5622, we assessed the performance of four snp callers (bcftools, freebayes, unifiedgenotyper, varscan) under a variety of conditions, including: (1) a range of sequencing coverages; (2) use of four popular reference-guided assemblers (burrows-wheeler aligner, novoal ...201526643440
the novel multiple inner primers-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (mip-lamp) for rapid detection and differentiation of listeria monocytogenes.here, a novel model of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp), termed multiple inner primers-lamp (mip-lamp), was devised and successfully applied to detect listeria monocytogenes. a set of 10 specific mip-lamp primers, which recognized 14 different regions of target gene, was designed to target a sequence in the hlya gene. the mip-lamp assay efficiently amplified the target element within 35 min at 63 °c and was evaluated for sensitivity and specificity. the templates were specially ampl ...201526633345
pectin and xyloglucan influence the attachment of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes to bacterial cellulose-derived plant cell wall models.minimally processed fresh produce has been implicated as a major source of foodborne microbial pathogens globally. these pathogens must attach to the produce in order to be transmitted. cut surfaces of produce that expose cell walls are particularly vulnerable. little is known about the roles that different structural components (cellulose, pectin, and xyloglucan) of plant cell walls play in the attachment of foodborne bacterial pathogens. using bacterial cellulose-derived plant cell wall models ...201526567310
[infectious diseases in the genomic era].next generation sequencing (ngs) technologies have arrived, changing research and infectious disease research into a new era, the "genomic era". currently, the developed world is introducing ngs in a number of applications, including clinical diagnostics, epidemiology, and microbiology. in developing countries ngs is being progressively introduced. technologies currently available allow to sequence the whole genome of bacterial and viral strains for an approximate cost of $100 usd, which is high ...201526633116
examination of listeria monocytogenes in seafood processing facilities and smoked salmon in the republic of ireland.listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis, a relatively rare but life-threatening disease primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of l. monocytogenes in the seafood processing industry in the republic of ireland. the occurrence of l. monocytogenes was determined by regular sampling of both food samples and processing environment swabs at eight seafood processing facilities over two calendar years. all s ...201526613913
foodborne pathogens prevention and sensory attributes enhancement in processed cheese via flavoring with plant extracts.cheese contaminations with foodborne bacterial pathogens, and their health outbreaks, are serious worldwide problems that could happen from diverse sources during cheese production or storage. plants, and their derivatives, were always regarded as the potential natural and safe antimicrobial alternatives for food preservation and improvement. the extracts from many plants, which are commonly used as spices and flavoring agents, were evaluated as antibacterial agents against serious foodborne pat ...201526540146
survival of unstressed and acid-, cold-, and starvation-stress-adapted listeria monocytogenes in ham extract with hops beta acids and consumer acceptability of hba on ready-to-eat ham.the efficacy of hops beta acids (hba) against unstressed and stress-adapted listeria monocytogenes in ham extract and the consumers' acceptability of hba on ready-to-eat (rte) hams were investigated. unstressed or acid-, cold-, or starvation-stress-adapted l. monocytogenes was inoculated (1.3-1.5 log cfu/ml) into 10% ham extract, without (control) or with hba (4.44 or 10.0 µg/ml). survival/growth of the pathogen during storage (7.2 °c, 26 days) was monitored periodically. sensory evaluation (30 ...201526539527
in-vitro antioxidant and antibacterial properties of fermentatively and enzymatically prepared chicken liver protein hydrolysates.protein hydrolysates were prepared from chicken liver using fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis. the lactic acid bacteria pediococcus acidilactici ncim5368 was employed in the fermentation process and a commercial protease (alcalase® 2.5) was used in enzymatic hydrolysis. chicken liver hydrolysates prepared by fermentation (fclh) and enzymatic hydrolysis (eclh) revealed appreciable amounts of protein [55.85 and 61.34 %; on dry weight basis, respectively]. fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis ...201526604378
rapid identification and classification of listeria spp. and serotype assignment of listeria monocytogenes using fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and artificial neural network analysis.the use of fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir) in conjunction with artificial neural network software neurodeveloper™ was examined for the rapid identification and classification of listeria species and serotyping of listeria monocytogenes. a spectral library was created for 245 strains of listeria spp. to give a biochemical fingerprint from which identification of unknown samples were made. this technology was able to accurately distinguish the listeria species with 99.03% accuracy. ...201526600423
tolerance of listeria monocytogenes to quaternary ammonium sanitizers is mediated by a novel efflux pump encoded by emre.a novel genomic island (lgi1) was discovered in listeria monocytogenes isolates responsible for the deadliest listeriosis outbreak in canada, in 2008. to investigate the functional role of lgi1, the outbreak strain 08-5578 was exposed to food chain-relevant stresses, and the expression of 16 lgi1 genes was measured. lgi1 genes with putative efflux (l. monocytogenes emre [emrelm]), regulatory (lmo1851), and adhesion (sel1) functions were deleted, and the mutants were exposed to acid (hcl), cold ( ...201526590290
determination of evolutionary relationships of outbreak-associated listeria monocytogenes strains of serotypes 1/2a and 1/2b by whole-genome sequencing.we used whole-genome sequencing to determine evolutionary relationships among 20 outbreak-associated clinical isolates of listeria monocytogenes serotypes 1/2a and 1/2b. isolates from 6 of 11 outbreaks fell outside the clonal groups or "epidemic clones" that have been previously associated with outbreaks, suggesting that epidemic potential may be widespread in l. monocytogenes and is not limited to the recognized epidemic clones. pairwise comparisons between epidemiologically related isolates wi ...201526590286
processing-dependent and clonal contamination patterns of listeria monocytogenes in the cured ham food chain revealed by genetic analysis.the quantitative and qualitative patterns of environmental contamination by listeria monocytogenes were investigated in the production chain of dry-cured parma ham. standard arrays of surfaces were sampled in processing facilities during a single visit per plant in the three compartments of the food chain, i.e., ham production (19 plants) and postproduction, which was divided into deboning (43 plants) and slicing (25 plants) steps. the numbers of sampled surfaces were 384 in ham production, with ...201526590278
risk factors for sporadic non-pregnancy associated listeriosis in germany-immunocompromised patients and frequently consumed ready-to-eat products.non-pregnancy associated (n-pa) listeriosis, caused by listeria monocytogenes, is a rare but severe disease, and is predominantly food-borne. most cases appear sporadic and their infection vehicle remains unknown. incidence has increased since 2008 in germany. we aimed to identify underlying conditions and foods associated with sporadic n-pa listeriosis in germany. we performed a nationwide case-control study from march 2012-december 2013. cases were sporadic n-pa listeriosis patients notified t ...201526599484
smad4 represses the generation of memory-precursor effector t cells but is required for the differentiation of central memory t cells.the transcriptional regulation underlying the differentiation of cd8(+) effector and memory t cells remains elusive. here, we show that 18-month-old mice lacking the transcription factor smad4 (homolog 4 of mothers against decapentaplegic, drosophila), a key intracellular signaling effector for the tgf-β superfamily, in t cells exhibited lower percentages of cd44(hi)cd8(+) t cells. to explore the role of smad4 in the activation/memory of cd8(+) t cells, 6- to 8-week-old mice with or without smad ...201526583325
economic cost of a listeria monocytogenes outbreak in canada, 2008.estimates of the economic costs associated with foodborne disease are important to inform public health decision-making. in 2008, 57 cases of listeriosis and 24 deaths in canada were linked to contaminated delicatessen meat from one meat processing plant. costs associated with the cases (including medical costs, nonmedical costs, and productivity losses) and those incurred by the implicated plant and federal agencies responding to the outbreak were estimated to be nearly $242 million canadian do ...201526583272
health trajectories reveal the dynamic contributions of host genetic resistance and tolerance to infection outcome.resistance and tolerance are two alternative strategies hosts can adopt to survive infections. both strategies may be genetically controlled. to date, the relative contribution of resistance and tolerance to infection outcome is poorly understood. here, we use a bioluminescent listeria monocytogenes (lm) infection challenge model to study the genetic determination and dynamic contributions of host resistance and tolerance to listeriosis in four genetically diverse mouse strains. using convention ...201526582028
a detailed view of the intracellular transcriptome of listeria monocytogenes in murine macrophages using rna-seq.listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen and causative agent for the foodborne infection listeriosis, which is mainly a threat for pregnant, elderly, or immunocompromised individuals. due to its ability to invade and colonize diverse eukaryotic cell types including cells from invertebrates, l. monocytogenes has become a well-established model organism for intracellular growth. almost 10 years ago, we and others presented the first whole-genome microarray-based intracellular transcriptome o ...201526579105
autophagy regulates t lymphocyte proliferation through selective degradation of the cell-cycle inhibitor cdkn1b/p27kip1.the highly conserved cellular degradation pathway, macroautophagy, regulates the homeostasis of organelles and promotes the survival of t lymphocytes. previous results indicate that atg3-, atg5-, or pik3c3/vps34-deficient t cells cannot proliferate efficiently. here we demonstrate that the proliferation of atg7-deficient t cells is defective. by using an adoptive transfer and listeria monocytogenes (lm) mouse infection model, we found that the primary immune response against lm is intrinsically ...201526569626
clonal clustering using 10-gene multilocus sequence typing reveals an association between genotype and listeria monocytogenes maximum growth rate in defined medium.we used a 10-gene (10g) multilocus sequence typing scheme to investigate the diversity and phylogenetic distribution of 124 listeria monocytogenes strains across major lineages, major serotypes, and seven epidemic clones that have been previously associated with outbreaks. the 124 isolates proved to be diverse, with a total of 81 sequence types (10g-sts) belonging to 13 clonal complexes (ccs), where all sts of the same cc differ from one another in up to 3 of the 10 alleles (named as 10g-triple- ...201526495863
a delayed cerebral vasospasm with infarction is secondary to listeria monocytogenes meningitis: mri and mra are diagnostically useful.among patients with bacterial meningitis, a cerebral vasospasm typically occurs during the acute phase. we experienced a case of delayed cerebral vasospasm with infarction that was secondary to listeria monocytogenes meningitis. an 82-year-old woman with listeria monocytogenes meningitis, whose symptoms had been improving after the initiation of antibacterial therapy, fell into a coma on day 15 and developed generalized seizure. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and mr angiography (mra) indicated ...201526568013
an interactomic approach for identification of putative drug targets in listeria monocytogenes.a wide variety of human population is infected with listeria monocytogenes, which causes listeriosis, a deadly disease with mortality rate of about 30%. the major hindrance to cure listeriosis is the unavailability of specific or selectable drug targets. at present, antibiotics used to cure the disease are not specific and insufficient to manage the disease efficiently. therefore, in order to search specific drugs, here, we used interactome analysis to search specific drug targets which may prov ...201526561317
antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of enterococcus species isolated from meat and dairy products.abstractlactic acid bacteria (lab) have an important role in a great variety of fermented foods. in addition to their contribution to sensory characteristics, they enhance food preservation and can be used as probiotics. in this study, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of culture supernatants and cell free extracts of 16 lab isolated from meat and dairy products were investigated. the bacterial were identified by 16s rrna sequencing. genbank blast analysis revealed that all the isolat ...201526560661
genetic diversity, virulence potential and antimicrobial susceptibility of listeria monocytogenes recovered from different sources in india.listeria monocytogenes isolates (n = 36) recovered from human and animal clinical cases and foods from different geographical regions of india were characterized using multiplex pcr-based serotyping, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge), in vitro and in vivo pathogenicity tests and antibiogram profiling. multiplex pcr-based serotyping distributed l. monocytogenes isolates into 3 serogroups, of which 91.67% belonged to 4b, 4d, 4e serogroup, followed by 5.56% to 1/2a, 3a and 2.78% to 1/2b, 3b s ...201526476275
prevalence of foodborne pathogens in freshwater fish in latvia.the aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and yersinia enterocolitica in freshwater fish in latvia. in total, 235 samples, including freshly caught fish from fives lakes (n = 129) and fish from retail markets (n = 106), were collected from april 2014 to december 2014 in latvia. samples were tested according to international organization for standardization methods. no salmonella spp. were found in fresh fish from lakes or in commercially avail ...201526555535
predominance and distribution of a persistent listeria monocytogenes clone in a commercial fresh mushroom processing environment.a longitudinal study was conducted to determine the prevalence of listeria spp. in a commercial fresh mushroom slicing and packaging environment. samples were collected at three different sampling periods within a 13-month time interval. of the 255 environmental samples collected, 18.8% tested positive for l. monocytogenes, 4.3% for l. innocua, and 2.0% for l. grayi. l. monocytogenes was most often found on wet floors within the washing and slicing and packaging areas. each of the 171 l. monocyt ...201526555522
disease burden of invasive listeriosis and molecular characterization of clinical isolates in taiwan, 2000-2013.the information about disease burden and epidemiology of invasive listeriosis in asia is scarce. from 2000 to 2013, a total of 338 patients with invasive listeriosis (bacteremia, meningitis, and peritonitis) were treated at four medical centers in taiwan. the incidence (per 10,000 admissions) of invasive listeriosis increased significantly during the 14-year period among the four centers (0.15 in 2000 and >1.25 during 2010-2012) and at each of the four medical centers. among these patients, 45.9 ...201526555445
listeria monocytogenes associated kerato-conjunctivitis in four horses in norway.listeria monocytogenes has been reported to cause various infectious diseases in both humans and animals. more rarely, ocular infections have been reported. to our knowledge, only two cases of listeria keratitis have been described in horses. we report kerato-conjunctivitis in four norwegian horses associated with l. monocytogenes. clinically, all cases were presented with recurrent unilateral kerato-conjunctivitis. l. monocytogenes bacteria were isolated from swab samples from all cases, and cy ...201526552393
induced systemic listeriosis in alectoris chukar chicks: clinical, histopathological and microbiological findings.1. systemic listeriosis was induced in 14-d-old chukar partridge chicks, alectoris chukar, by intravenous injection of a suspension containing 10(6) cfu/ml of viable listeria monocytogenes organisms to study the course of infection. 2. septicaemic and encephalitic forms of listeriosis were observed in all birds. infection resulted in a fever response 8-h post-inoculation. disease rapidly developed over a 24-h period with decreased activity, lethargy, ruffled feathers, huddling, listlessness, ina ...201526551997
mir-150 regulates differentiation and cytolytic effector function in cd8+ t cells.micrornas regulate most mammalian genes, and they control numerous aspects of immune system development and function. their precise roles in the cd8+ t cell response, however, remain unclear. in this report, we show that in the absence of the microrna mir-150, cd8+ t cells fail to undergo robust expansion and differentiation into short-lived terminal effector cells in response to primary infection with listeria monocytogenes or vaccinia virus. notably, even after transitioning into the memory po ...201526549197
the opposite effects of dna and protein components of listeria monocytogenes and toxoplasma gondii on immunologic characteristics of dendritic cells.the innate immune system utilizes pattern recognition receptors (prrs) to recognize microbes. pathogens contain various molecules with diverse effects on immune response. in this study, we evaluated the effect of dna and protein components derived from two intracellular microorganisms including listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes) and toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) on dendritic cells (dcs) activation and ensuing adaptive immune responses. dna and protein components of l. monocytogenes and t. ...201526546901
impact of moderate heat, carvacrol, and thymol treatments on the viability, injury, and stress response of listeria monocytogenes.the microbial safety and stability of minimally processed foods are based on the application of combined preservative factors. since microorganisms are able to develop adaptive networks to survive under conditions of stress, food safety may be affected, and therefore understanding of stress adaptive mechanisms plays a key role in designing safe food processing conditions. in the present study, the viability and the sublethal injury of listeria monocytogenes exposed to moderate heat (55 °c) and/o ...201526539510
twenty years of listeria in brazil: occurrence of listeria species and listeria monocytogenes serovars in food samples in brazil between 1990 and 2012.listeria spp. isolated from different food products and collected from 12 brazilian states were sent to the laboratory of bacterial zoonoses (oswaldo cruz institute, brazil) for identification. the aims of this study were to characterize these isolates, from 1990 to 2012, by using biochemical, morphological, and serotyping tests, and to analyze the distribution of l. monocytogenes serotypes on different food products and geographical locations. serotyping was performed using polyclonal somatic a ...201526539507
molecular epidemiology of invasive listeriosis due to listeria monocytogenes in a spanish hospital over a nine-year study period, 2006-2014.we investigated the pathogenicity, invasiveness, and genetic relatedness of 17 clinical listeria monocytogenes stains isolated over a period of nine years (2006-2014). all isolates were phenotypically characterised and growth patterns were determined. the antimicrobial susceptibility of l. monocytogenes isolates was determined in e-tests. invasion assays were performed with epithelial hela cells. finally, l. monocytogenes isolates were subtyped by pfge and mlst. all isolates had similar phenotyp ...201526539467
novel active surface prepared by embedded functionalized clays in an acrylate coating.the research on a self-decontaminating surface has received significant attention because of the growth of pathogenic microorganisms on surfaces. in this study, a novel and simple technique for producing an active surface with antimicrobial functionality is demonstrated. a tethering platform was developed by grafting the biocide ampicillin (amp) to a nanoclay and dispersing the nanoclay in a uv-curable acrylate coating applied on polypropylene films as the substrate. a coupling agent, [3-(glycid ...201526488557
prevalence, enumeration, and pheno- and genotypic characteristics of listeria monocytogenes isolated from raw foods in south china.listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen that can cause serious illness in immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, the elderly, and newborns. the aim of this study was to: (i) evaluate the prevalence and contamination level [most probable number (mpn)] of l. monocytogenes in 567 retail raw foods (fishery products, n = 154; raw/fresh meat, n = 123; frozen foods, n = 110; edible fungi, n = 108; vegetables, n = 72) collected from south china and (ii) to gain further knowledg ...201526483765
the first mollusk spätzle homolog gene in the clam, paphia undulate.spätzle, is the only identified endogenous toll receptor ligand, plays a critical role in initiatinge innate immune responses and controlling dorsal-ventral axis formation in drosophila. here we identified the first spätzle gene homolog, pu-spz, in the marine mollusk paphia undulate. the full-length of pu-spz cdna is 1248 bp, including an open reading frame (orf) of 702 bp, a 5'-untranslated region (utr) of 26 bp and a 3'-utr of 203 bp. the orf encodes a 233-amino-acid protein with conserved dom ...201526477575
occurrence of salmonella, listeria monocytogenes, and enterotoxigenic staphylococcus in goat milk from small and medium-sized farms located in minas gerais state, brazil.consumption of goat milk has been increasing due to its nutritional characteristics and health benefits. therefore, assessment of the presence of foodborne pathogens in this product is critical to ensure its safety to consumers. the present study aimed to identify common foodborne pathogens in raw goat milk. fifty-three samples of raw goat milk from 11 farms were collected and cultured for the presence of salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes, as well as for enumeration and isolation of coa ...201526476939
highly invasive listeria monocytogenes strains have growth and invasion advantages in strain competition.multiple listeria monocytogenes strains can be present in the same food sample; moreover, infection with more than one l. monocytogenes strain can also occur. in this study we investigated the impact of strain competition on the growth and in vitro virulence potential of l. monocytogenes. we identified two strong competitor strains, whose growth was not (or only slightly) influenced by the presence of other strains and two weak competitor strains, which were outcompeted by other strains. cell co ...201526529510
comparative evaluation of veriflow® listeria monocytogenes to usda and aoac culture based methods for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in food.veriflow® listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a molecular based assay for the presumptive detection of listeria monocytogenes from environmental surfaces, dairy, and ready-to-eat (rte) food matrixes (hot dogs and deli meat). the assay utilizes a pcr detection method coupled with a rapid, visual, flow-based assay that develops in 3 min post pcr amplification and requires only 24 h of enrichment for maximum sensitivity. the veriflow lm system eliminates the need for sample purification, gel electrophor ...201526525251
method modification of the thermo scientific suretect listeria monocytogenes assay for raw meat, dairy, produce, and seafood.the thermo scientific™ suretect™ listeria monocytogenes assay is a real-time pcr assay for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in food and environmental samples, which was certified during 2013 by the aoac research institute (ri) as performance tested method(sm) (ptm) 061302 for a representative range of key food matrixes and production surfaces. this report details the method modification study, which was conducted during 2014, using the aoac-ri ptm program to extend the validated matrix cl ...201526525250
biofilm formation of the l. monocytogenes strain 15g01 is influenced by changes in environmental conditions.listeria monocytogenes 15g01, a strain belonging to the persistent pulsotype 5132, was isolated from a seafood processing plant in new zealand. simple monoculture assays using crystal violet staining showed good biofilm formation for this strain and it was therefore chosen to be further investigated in regard to its biofilm forming ability. to evaluate its behaviour in different conditions commonly encountered in food processing environments, biofilm assays and growth studies were performed usin ...201526524221
the listeria monocytogenes core-genome sequence typer (lmcgst): a bioinformatic pipeline for molecular characterization with next-generation sequence data.next-generation sequencing provides a powerful means of molecular characterization. however, methods such as single-nucleotide polymorphism detection or whole-chromosome sequence analysis are computationally expensive, prone to errors, and are still less accessible than traditional typing methods. here, we present the listeria monocytogenes core-genome sequence typing method for molecular characterization. this method uses a high-confidence core (hcc) genome, calculated to ensure accurate identi ...201526490433
synergistic effect of copper and low temperature over listeria monocytogenes.the capacity to grow at low temperatures has allowed listeria monocytogenes to become one of the primary food pathogens to date, representing a major public health problem worldwide. several works have described the homeostatic response of l. monocytogenes under different copper (cu) treatments growing at mild temperature (30 °c). the aims of this report were to evaluate if changes in the external concentration of cu affected viability and cu homeostasis of l. monocytogenes growing at low temper ...201526515293
a tail of two phages: genomic and functional analysis of listeria monocytogenes phages vb_lmos_188 and vb_lmos_293 reveal the receptor-binding proteins involved in host specificity.the physical characteristics of bacteriophages establish them as viable candidates for downstream development of pathogen detection assays and biocontrol measures. to utilize phages for such purposes, a detailed knowledge of their host interaction mechanisms is a prerequisite. there is currently a wealth of knowledge available concerning gram-negative phage-host interaction, but little by comparison for gram-positive phages and listeria phages in particular. in this research, the lytic spectrum ...201526500641
cd8 t cells enter the splenic t cell zones independently of ccr7, but the subsequent expansion and trafficking patterns of effector t cells after infection are dysregulated in the absence of ccr7 migratory cues.ccr7 is an important chemokine receptor that regulates t cell trafficking and compartmentalization within secondary lymphoid organs. however, the t cell-intrinsic role of ccr7 during infection in the spleen is not well understood. this study was designed to understand how ccr7-dependent localization and migration of cd8(+) t cells in different compartments of the spleen affected the primary and recall responses after infection. to this end, we used adoptive transfer of naive ag-specific cd8 t ce ...201526500349
the connection between persistent, disinfectant-resistant listeria monocytogenes strains from two geographically separate iberian pork processing plants: evidence from comparative genome analysis.the aim of this study was to investigate the basis of the putative persistence of listeria monocytogenes in a new industrial facility dedicated to the processing of ready-to-eat (rte) iberian pork products. quaternary ammonium compounds, which included benzalkonium chloride (bac), were repeatedly used as surface disinfectants in the processing plant. clean and disinfected surfaces were sampled to evaluate if resistance to disinfectants was associated with persistence. of the 14 isolates obtained ...201526497458
a physical/psychological and biological stress combine to enhance endoplasmic reticulum stress.the generation of an immune response against infectious and other foreign agents is substantially modified by allostatic load, which is increased with chemical, physical and/or psychological stressors. the physical/psychological stress from cold-restraint (cr) inhibits host defense against listeria monocytogenes (lm), due to early effects of the catecholamine norepinephrine (ne) from sympathetic nerves on β1-adrenoceptors (β1ar) of immune cells. although cr activates innate immunity within 2h, h ...201526391182
using uvc light-emitting diodes at wavelengths of 266 to 279 nanometers to inactivate foodborne pathogens and pasteurize sliced cheese.uvc light is a widely used sterilization technology. however, uv lamps have several limitations, including low activity at refrigeration temperatures, a long warm-up time, and risk of mercury exposure. uv-type lamps only emit light at 254 nm, so as an alternative, uv light-emitting diodes (uv-leds) which can produce the desired wavelengths have been developed. in this study, we validated the inactivation efficacy of uv-leds by wavelength and compared the results to those of conventional uv lamps ...201526386061
comparison of multiple‑locus variable number tandem repeat analysis and pulsed field gel electrophoresis in molecular subtyping of listeria monocytogenes isolates from italian cheese.subtyping of listeria monocytogenes strains is an essential epidemiological tool to trace contamination and determine evolutionary relationships among different strains. pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is the current gold standard method for listeria characterization. multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) is a rapid subtyping method based on polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification that has been successfully developed for subtyping bacterial genera. the purpos ...201526455371
effect of honokiol on exotoxin proteins listeriolysin o and p60 secreted by listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is considered one of the most important foodborne pathogens. the virulence-related proteins listeriolysin o (llo) and p60 are critical factors involved in listeria pathogenesis. in the present study, we investigated the effect of honokiol on llo and p60 secreted from l. monocytogenes. a listeriolysin assay was used to investigate the haemolytic activities of l. monocytogenes exposed to honokiol, and the secretion of llo and p60 was detected by immunoblot analysis. addition ...201526445991
development of listeriabase and comparative analysis of listeria monocytogenes.listeria consists of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic species. reports of similarities between the genomic content between some pathogenic and non-pathogenic species necessitates the investigation of these species at the genomic level to understand the evolution of virulence-associated genes. with listeria genome data growing exponentially, comparative genomic analysis may give better insights into evolution, genetics and phylogeny of listeria spp., leading to better management of the diseases ...201526444974
drosophila melanogaster natural variation affects growth dynamics of infecting listeria monocytogenes.we find that in a listeria monocytogenes/drosophila melanogaster infection model, l. monocytogenes grows according to logistic kinetics, which means we can measure both a maximal growth rate and growth plateau for the microbe. genetic variation of the host affects both of the pathogen growth parameters, and they can vary independently. because growth rates and ceilings both correlate with host survival, both properties could drive evolution of the host. we find that growth rates and ceilings are ...201526438294
a case of listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis with recurrent inflammation and novel management.listeria monocytogenes is a rare cause of endogenous endophthalmitis. in the limited number of reported listeria endophthalmitis cases, visual acuity outcomes have been very poor.201526437938
[listeria monocytogenes meningitis in immunocompetent children: unpasteurized cheese likely cause of infection].listeria meningoencephalitis is a rare condition, occurring mainly in immunocompromised patients. we present two cases of listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis in immunocompetent children, with successful treatment with betalactam/aminoglycoside combination. unpasteurized cheese was postulated as the source of infection.201526436795
characterization of listeria monocytogenes isolated from human listeriosis cases in china. 201526421272
use of e-beam radiation to eliminate listeria monocytogenes from surface mould cheese.camembert and brie soft cheese varieties were subjected to e-beam irradiation as a sanitation treatment. the effects of treatments on microbiota and selected physicochemical properties were also studied. the absorbed doses required to meet the food safety objective (fso) according to eu and usda criteria for listeria monocytogenes were 1.27 and 2.59 kgy, respectively. the bacterial load, mainly lactic acid bacteria, was reduced by the treatment but injured cells were recovered during storage at ...201526415665
behaviour of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 during the cheese making of traditional raw-milk cheeses from italian alps.the behaviour of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 was studied during the manufacture and ripening of two traditional italian alps cheeses. each cheese type was manufactured in a pilot plan from raw cow milk (without the addition of starter cultures) artificially inoculated with l. monocytogenes and e. coli o157:h7 to a final concentration of about 4 log cfu/ml. the pathogens were enumerated throughout the cheese making and ripening processes to study their behaviour. when the ...201527800408
characterization of epidemic clones of listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b isolated from humans and meat products in brazil.listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen and the 4b serotype is responsible for many cases of human listeriosis reported in brazil. several listeriosis outbreaks worldwide have involved a small number of well-defined clonal groups, designated as epidemic clones (ecs).201526409737
behavior of listeria monocytogenes in sliced ready-to-eat meat products packaged under vacuum or modified atmosphere conditions.the objective of this research was to determine the behavior of listeria monocytogenes in three types of sliced ready-to-eat meat products packaged under vacuum or modified atmosphere conditions and stored at three temperatures. slices of about 25 g of chorizo (a fermented dry pork sausage), jamón (cured ham), and cecina (a salted, dried beef product) were inoculated with l. monocytogenes nctc 11994. slices were packaged in a vacuum or in a modified atmosphere (20% co2, 80% n2). after packaging, ...201526408140
effects of two application methods of plantaricin bm-1 on control of listeria monocytogenes and background spoilage bacteria in sliced vacuum-packaged cooked ham stored at 4°c.two application methods were used to investigate the effect of plantaricin bm-1 on the control of listeria monocytogenes and background spoilage bacteria in sliced vacuum-packaged cooked ham without the addition of any chemical preservatives, including sodium nitrite, during 35 days of storage at 4°c. regardless of the application method, plantaricin bm-1 treatment (320, 640, or 1,280 arbitrary units [au]/g of sliced cooked ham) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the survival of l. monocytogenes ( ...201526408132
putative cross-contamination routes of listeria monocytogenes in a meat processing facility in romania.putative routes of listeria monocytogenes contamination, based on the workflow of the employees, were studied in a meat processing facility by investigating 226 samples collected from food contact surfaces, non-food contact surfaces, raw materials, and ready-to-eat meat products on four occasions over a 1-year period. in total, 19.7% of non-food contact surfaces, 22.9% of food contact surfaces, 45% of raw materials, and 20% of ready-to-eat meat products were positive for l. monocytogenes (analyz ...201526319720
effect of alginate coatings with cinnamon bark oil and soybean oil on quality and microbiological safety of cantaloupe.the quality and microbiological safety of cantaloupes can potentially be improved using antimicrobial coatings that are able to maintain effectiveness throughout storage. the objective of this work was to study the effect of coating mixtures containing sodium alginate and cinnamon bark oil (cbo) on the quality of cantaloupes and the survival of inoculated bacterial pathogens and naturally occurring yeasts and molds during ambient storage at 21 °c. cantaloupes were dipped in mixtures containing 1 ...201526318410
prevalence and distribution of listeria monocytogenes inla alleles prone to phase variation and inla alleles with premature stop codon mutations among human, food, animal, and environmental isolates.in listeria monocytogenes, 18 mutations leading to premature stop codons (pmscs) in the virulence gene inla have been identified to date. while most of these mutations represent nucleotide substitutions, a frameshift deletion in a 5' seven-adenine homopolymeric tract (ht) in inla has also been reported. this ht may play a role in phase variation and was first identified among l. monocytogenes lineage ii ribotype dup-1039c isolates. in order to better understand the distribution of different inla ...201526407886
antagonizing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activity selectively enhances th1 immunity in male mice.females exhibit more robust th1 responses than males. our previous work suggested that this sex disparity is a consequence of higher activity of the androgen-induced gene peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (pparα) in male cd4(+) t cells. the objective of this study was to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanism of how pparα inhibits th1 responses in male mice. in this study, we found that pparα functions within cd4(+) and cd8(+) t lymphocytes and nkt cells to negatively regulate ...201526491197
outbreak of listeria monocytogenes in pheasants.listeria monocytogenes is capable of infecting almost all animals. however, outbreaks of listeriosis are infrequent in birds. this report describes an outbreak of listeriosis in a small pheasant (phasianus colchicus) breeder farm with more than 2,000 pheasants from hubei province of the people's republic of china. the affected flock consisted of adult and young birds. approximately 300 young birds and a few adult birds were found dead within a few days of the onset of clinical signs. twenty-five ...201526476090
antilisterial peptides released by enzymatic hydrolysis from grass carp proteins and activity on controlling l. monocytogenes inoculated in surimi noodle.the primary objective of this study was to prepare the antilisterial peptides by enzymatic (pepsin, trypsin, protamex, neutrase, flavourzyme, papain, alcalase, and acid protease) hydrolysis of grass carp proteins with various degree of hydrolysis. the second objective was to evaluate the antilisterial activity of grass carp proteins hydrolysates (gcph) at differnet levels in the surimi noodle samples with or without boiling treatment inoculated with 10(4) cfu/g of listeria monocytogenes for stor ...201526467537
growth of listeria monocytogenes within a caramel-coated apple microenvironment.a 2014 multistate listeriosis outbreak was linked to consumption of caramel-coated apples, an unexpected and previously unreported vehicle for listeria monocytogenes. this outbreak was unanticipated because both the ph of apples (<4.0) and the water activity of the caramel coating (<0.80) are too low to support listeria growth. in this study, granny smith apples were inoculated with approximately 4 log10 cfu of l. monocytogenes (a cocktail of serotype 4b strains associated with the outbreak) on ...201526463161
propofol increases host susceptibility to microbial infection by reducing subpopulations of mature immune effector cells at sites of infection.anesthetics are known to modulate host immune responses, but separating the variables of surgery from anesthesia when analyzing hospital acquired infections is often difficult. here, the bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes (lm) was used to assess the impact of the common anesthetic propofol on host susceptibility to infection. brief sedation of mice with physiologically relevant concentrations of propofol increased bacterial burdens in target organs by more than 10,000-fold relative to inf ...201526381144
domain function dissection and catalytic properties of listeria monocytogenes p60 protein with bacteriolytic activity.the major extracellular protein p60 of listeria monocytogenes (lm-p60) is an autolysin that can hydrolyze the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell wall and has been shown to be required for l. monocytogenes virulence. the predicted three-dimensional structure of lm-p60 showed that lm-p60 could be split into two independent structural domains at the amino acid residue 270. conserved motif analysis showed that v30, d207, s395, and h444 are the key amino acid residues of the corresponding motifs. howeve ...201526363556
cutting edge: the orphan nuclear receptor nr4a1 regulates cd8+ t cell expansion and effector function through direct repression of irf4.the transcription factor ifn regulatory factor (irf)4 was shown to play a crucial role in the protective cd8(+) t cell response; however, regulation of irf4 expression in cd8(+) t cells remains unclear. in this article, we report a critical role for nr4a1 in regulating the expansion, differentiation, and function of cd8(+) t cells through direct transcriptional repression of irf4. without nr4a1, the regulation of irf4 is lost, driving an increase in irf4 expression and, in turn, resulting in a f ...201526363057
meta-analysis of the effects of sanitizing treatments on salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes inactivation in fresh produce.the aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the effects of sanitizing treatments of fresh produce on salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes. from 55 primary studies found to report on such effects, 40 were selected based on specific criteria, leading to more than 1,000 data on mean log reductions of these three bacterial pathogens impairing the safety of fresh produce. data were partitioned to build three meta-analytical models that could allow the asse ...201526362982
biofilm-forming abilities of listeria monocytogenes serotypes isolated from different sources.a total of 98 previously characterized and serotyped l. monocytogenes strains, comprising 32 of 1/2a; 20 of 1/2b and 46 of 4b serotype, from clinical and food sources were studied for their capability to form a biofilm. the microtiter plate assay revealed 62 (63.26%) strains as weak, 27 (27.55%) strains as moderate, and 9 (9.18%) strains as strong biofilm formers. among the strong biofilm formers, 6 strains were of serotype 1/2a and 3 strains were of serotype 1/2b. none of the strain from 4b ser ...201526360831
nosocomial neonatal listeria monocytogenes transmission by stethoscope. 201526376314
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