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rapid identification and source-tracking of listeria monocytogenes using maldi-tof mass spectrometry.listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen responsible for the sometimes fatal disease listeriosis. public health concerns and stringent regulations associated with the presence of this pathogen in food and food processing environments underline the need for rapid and reliable detection and subtyping techniques. in the current study, the application of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) as a single identification and source- ...201525747262
label-free impedimetric detection of listeria monocytogenes based on poly-5-carboxy indole modified ssdna probe.listeria monocytogenes is a life threatening pathogenic bacteria concerned with human health. the accurate and rapid detection of l. monocytogenes is required for preventing of listeriosis. in this study, dna sensing probe based on conducting polymer poly-5-carboxy indole (5c pin) was developed for the detection of l. monocytogenes hlya gene responsible for pathogenicity. the probe sequences (24 mer ssdna) were covalently immobilized on 5c pin via n-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-n'-ethylcarbodiimidehy ...201525746904
microbiological contamination of dried and lyophilized garlic as a potential source of food spoilage.garlic is valued more for its flavoring and used in a wide variety of foods. in food technology, fresh garlic is not used, but instead its processed forms, most often dried and lyophilized, are utilized. the quality and safety of the final product largely depends on their microbiological quality. this research has provided information about effect of garlic fixation methods and provided information about effect of microbiological contamination of garlic used as a spice for quality of garlic mayo ...201525745260
genome sequences of five disinfectant-resistant listeria monocytogenes strains from two iberian pork-processing plants.we announce the draft genome sequences of five listeria monocytogenes strains from two iberian pork-processing plants located in spain that were distinguished by their resistance to benzalkonium chloride. these strains seem highly adapted to the meat-processing environment according to their persistence and transmission capabilities.201525745005
whole-genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b strain izsam_lm_hs2008, isolated from a human infection in italy.listeria monocytogenes is one of the most important foodborne pathogens. in this report, we present the complete and annotated genome of l. monocytogenes sequence type 06 (st06) serovar 4b strain izsam_lm_hs2008, isolated from an adult immunocompetent patient who developed the disease and died.201525744995
listeria monocytogenes meningitis in an immunocompromised patient.this report describes a case of meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes in a stem cell transplant recipient on immunosuppressive therapy for cutaneous chronic graft-versus host disease. a 59-year-old woman had undergone allogeneic stem cell transplantation (from a matched unrelated donor) 13 months previously for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. she was on regular hematologic follow-up. though her previous malignancy has been in remission, she was immunosuppressed due to the pharmacological tre ...201525742155
effect of chitosan on spoilage bacteria, escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes in cured chicken meat.the effects of essential oil (eo) of oregano and chitosan on the microbial quality and growth inhibition of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 in the iranian traditional ready-to-barbecue chicken was evaluated. thus, three groups of samples were prepared. one of them was considered to evaluate for aerobic plate count (apc), lactic acid bacteria (lab), psychrophilic and enterobacteriacae counts and the other two groups were inoculated with e. coli o157:h7 and l. monocytogenes 4b ...201525735728
molecular cloning and characterization of autophagy-related gene tmatg8 in listeria-invaded hemocytes of tenebrio molitor.macroautophagy (hereinafter called autophagy) is a highly regulated process used by eukaryotic cells to digest portions of the cytoplasm that remodels and recycles nutrients and disposes of unwanted cytoplasmic constituents. currently 36 autophagy-related genes (atg) and their homologs have been characterized in yeast and higher eukaryotes, including insects. in the present study, we identified and functionally characterized the immune function of an atg8 homolog in a coleopteran insect, tenebri ...201525727880
outbreak investigation identifies a single listeria monocytogenes strain in sheep with different clinical manifestations, soil and water.listeria (l.) monocytogenes causes orally acquired infections and is of major importance in ruminants. little is known about l. monocytogenes transmission between farm environment and ruminants. in order to determine potential sources of infection, we investigated the distribution of l. monocytogenes genetic subtypes in a sheep farm during a listeriosis outbreak by applying four subtyping methods (maldi-tof-ms, mlst, mlva and pfge). l. monocytogenes was isolated from a lamb with septicemia and f ...201525726302
comparative proteomic analysis of listeria monocytogenes atcc 7644 exposed to a sublethal concentration of nisin.listeria monocytogenes infections have been frequently reported in many food poisoning outbreaks around the world. in this work, the protein repertoires of l. monocytogenes atcc 7644 cells treated or not with a 10(-3)mg/ml nisin sublethal concentration, established by antimicrobial susceptibility tests, were analyzed by lc-ms/ms. overall, 179 proteins were identified, 9 of them more abundant in nisin-treated samples, and 4 more abundant in non-treated control samples. in nisin treated cells, pro ...201525724729
previous physicochemical stress exposures influence subsequent resistance of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica, and listeria monocytogenes to ultraviolet-c in coconut liquid endosperm beverage.this study investigated the influences of prior exposures to common physicochemical stresses encountered by microorganisms in food and food processing ecologies such as acidity, desiccation, and their combinations, on their subsequent susceptibility towards uv-c treatment in coconut liquid endosperm beverage. cocktails of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica, and listeria monocytogenes were separately subjected to gradually acidifying environment (final ph 4.46), exposed to abrupt desic ...201525723813
plasmid-borne cadmium resistant determinants are associated with the susceptibility of listeria monocytogenes to bacteriophage.listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular pathogen causing gastroenteritis, central nervous system infections and abortions. chromosomal virulence determinants have been extensively investigated. however, the function of genes encoded by plasmids in l. monocytogenes has not been fully understood. in this study, we determined the prevalence and molecular profile of plasmids in food isolates of l. monocytogenes and examined the contribution of four plasmid-borne cadmium-resistant genes to the sus ...201525721472
whole-genome sequences of 12 clinical strains of listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen of global concern due to the high mortality rate among immunocompromised patients. whole-genome sequences of 12 strains of l. monocytogenes from humans were reported. the availability of these genomes should provide useful information on the evolutionary history and genetic diversity of l. monocytogenes.201525720683
seek and destroy process: listeria monocytogenes process controls in the ready-to-eat meat and poultry industry.the majority of human listeriosis cases appear to be caused by consumption of ready-to-eat (rte) foods contaminated at the time of consumption with high levels of listeria monocytogenes. although strategies to prevent growth of l. monocytogenes in rte products are critical for reducing the incidence of human listeriosis, control of postprocessing environmental contamination of rte meat and poultry products is an essential component of a comprehensive l. monocytogenes intervention and control pro ...201525710164
assessing the survival of listeria monocytogenes in a domestic freezer by analyzing subsequent growth at 30°c using a novel reference method.listeria monocytogenes is a serious pathogen capable of extensive survival under frozen storage. using optical density and multiple initial inocula in multiple identically prepared microtiter plates, the effect of storage time at -22°c on the subsequent growth at 30°c of the organism when defrosted was studied using a technique that compared the growth (through time to detection) of a test plate (previously frozen) with that of an identically prepared control plate, analyzed at the start of the ...201525710150
survival of salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes on raw peanut and pecan kernels stored at -24, 4, and 22°c.cocktails of lawn-collected cells were used to determine the survival of salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes on the surface of raw peanut and pecan kernels. kernels were inoculated with mixtures of four to five strains at 3 or 6 log cfu/g, dried at room temperature, and then stored at -24 ± 1, 4 ± 2, and 22 ± 1°c for 28 or 365 days. in most cases, rates of decline of the pathogens did not differ significantly between the two inoculum concentrations in the 28-day stud ...201525710147
estimation of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 prevalence and levels in naturally contaminated rocket and cucumber samples by deterministic and stochastic approaches.the aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence and levels of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 in rocket and cucumber samples by deterministic (estimation of a single value) and stochastic (estimation of a range of values) approaches. in parallel, the chromogenic media commonly used for the recovery of these microorganisms were evaluated and compared, and the efficiency of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa)-based protocol was validated. l. monocytogene ...201525710146
manure source and age affect survival of zoonotic pathogens during aerobic composting at sublethal temperatures.heat is the primary mechanism by which aerobic composting inactivates zoonotic bacterial pathogens residing within animal manures, but at sublethal temperatures, the time necessary to hold the compost materials to ensure pathogen inactivation is uncertain. to determine the influence of the type of nitrogen amendment on inactivation of salmonella, listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7 in compost mixtures stored at sublethal temperatures, specific variables investigated in these stu ...201525710145
receptor binding proteins of listeria monocytogenes bacteriophages a118 and p35 recognize serovar-specific teichoic acids.adsorption of a bacteriophage to the host requires recognition of a cell wall-associated receptor by a receptor binding protein (rbp). this recognition is specific, and high affinity binding is essential for efficient virus attachment. the molecular details of phage adsorption to the gram-positive cell are poorly understood. we present the first description of receptor binding proteins and a tail tip structure for the siphovirus group infecting listeria monocytogenes. the host-range determining ...201525708539
invasive listeria monocytogenes infection after liver transplantation: a life-threatening condition. 201525706469
listeria monocytogenes meningitis in the elderly: distinctive characteristics of the clinical and laboratory presentation. 201525704282
the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neuroinvasive listeriosis: a multinational study.the aim of this study was to determine the independent risk factors, morbidity, and mortality of central nervous system (cns) infections caused by listeria monocytogenes. we retrospectively evaluated 100 episodes of neuroinvasive listeriosis in a multinational study in 21 tertiary care hospitals of turkey, france, and italy from 1990 to 2014. the mean age of the patients was 57 years (range, 19-92 years), and 64% were males. the all-cause immunosuppression rate was 54 % (54/100). forty-nine (49 ...201525698311
molecular basis for the recognition of cyclic-di-amp by psta, a pii-like signal transduction protein.cyclic-di-amp (c-di-amp) is a broadly conserved bacterial second messenger that is of importance in bacterial physiology. the molecular receptors mediating the cellular responses to the c-di-amp signal are just beginning to be discovered. psta is a previously uncharacterized pii -like protein which has been identified as a c-di-amp receptor. psta is widely distributed and conserved among gram-positive bacteria in the phylum firmicutes. here, we report the biochemical, structural, and functional ...201525693966
interaction of graphene family materials with listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica.graphene family materials have unique properties, which make them valuable for a range of applications. the antibacterial properties of graphene have been reported; however, findings have been contradictory. this study reports on the antimicrobial proprieties of three different graphene materials (pristine graphene (pg), graphene oxide (go), and reduced graphene oxide (rgo)) against the food-borne bacterial pathogens listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica. a high concentration (250 μg/ml ...201525685114
ph-responsive deoxyribonucleic acid capture/release by polydopamine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles.polydopamine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (pda@fe3o4) were prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential and vibrating sample magnetometry. they were found to enable highly efficient capture of genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (dna). the adsorption capacity of pda@fe3o4 for genomic dna can reach 161 mg g(-1). the extraction protocol used aqueous solutions for dna binding to and releasing from the surface of the magnetic particl ...201525682426
differences in the expression of cold stress-related genes and in the swarming motility among persistent and sporadic strains of listeria monocytogenes.the persistence of certain listeria monocytogenes strains in food-related environments suggests niche adaptation of these strains and therefore constitutes a major risk to consumer health and results in economic losses for the food producer. in this study, a set of 23 l. monocytogenes isolates, including a group of persistent and a group of sporadic strains, was evaluated regarding their swarming motility at 11°c. in each group, significant (p<0.05) differences in motility were observed. the tra ...201525974395
combined effects of organic acids and salt depending on type of acids and pathogens in laboratory media and acidified pickle.in this study, the effectiveness of combining each of seven types of acids with 3% salt as a treatment against pathogens was investigated in laboratory media and acidified food.201525973744
immersion infection of germ-free zebrafish with listeria monocytogenes induces transient expression of innate immune response genes.zebrafish, denio rerio, can be an alternative to other classic animal models for human infectious diseases to examine the processes of microbial infections and host-pathogen interactions in vivo because of their small body dimension but large clutch size. we established germ-free zebrafish infection models of listeria monocytogenes through different routes of infection: oral immersion and injection via yolk sac, brain ventricle and blood island. immersion of zebrafish larva even with 10(10) cfu/ ...201525972853
cd81 controls immunity to listeria infection through rac-dependent inhibition of proinflammatory mediator release and activation of cytotoxic t cells.despite recent evidence on the involvement of cd81 in pathogen binding and ag presentation by dendritic cells (dcs), the molecular mechanism of how cd81 regulates immunity during infection remains to be elucidated. to investigate the role of cd81 in the regulation of defense mechanisms against microbial infections, we have used the listeria monocytogenes infection model to explore the impact of cd81 deficiency in the innate and adaptive immune response against this pathogenic bacteria. we show t ...201525972472
strain-specific interactions of listeria monocytogenes with the autophagy system in host cells.listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that can replicate in the cytosol of host cells. these bacteria undergo actin-based motility in the cytosol via expression of acta, which recruits host actin-regulatory proteins to the bacterial surface. l. monocytogenes is thought to evade killing by autophagy using acta-dependent mechanisms. acta-independent mechanisms of autophagy evasion have also been proposed, but remain poorly understood. here we examined autophagy of non-motil ...201525970638
a rapidly fatal sepsis caused by listeria monocytogenes type-4b in a patient with chronic renal failure.listeria monocytogenes is a significant zoonosis causing invasive infections in the susceptible persons. the current paper presented a patient who died due to a rapidly-progressing multiple organ failure (mof) as a result of severe sepsis caused by l. monocytogenes.201525969704
expression and function analysis of two naturally truncated myd88 variants in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas.myeloid differentiation factor 88 (myd88) is the classic signaling adaptor that mediates toll/interleukin-1 receptor (tir/il-1r) dependent activation of nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-κb). in this study, two naturally truncated myd88 members were identified from the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas), namely cgmyd88-t1 and cgmyd88-t2. the full-length cdna of cgmyd88-t1, cgmyd88-t2 are 976 bp and 1038 bp in length, containing an orf of 552 bp and 555 bp, respectively. the two orf encode a putative pr ...201525963623
prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of listeria species from ready-to-eat foods of animal origin in gondar town, ethiopia.listeriosis, mostly caused by listeria monocytogenes species, has become a major concern to public health authorities due to its clinical severity and high mortality rate, particularly in high risk groups. currently, there is limited information regarding the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of listeria species in ready-to-eat foods of animal origin in gondar town, ethiopia. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of list ...201525963134
are nectarines to blame? a case report and literature review of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to listeria monocytogenes.spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) is a frequent and potentially deadly complication of ascites in patients with end-stage liver disease. unlike other pathogens more commonly implicated in sbp, listeria monocytogenes is a nonenteric organism that maybe acquired either sporadically or in the setting of foodborne outbreaks. listeria is an unusual cause of sbp that presents particular management challenges because of the organism's intrinsic resistance to first-line and empiric sbp treatment t ...201525960571
cheese-related listeriosis outbreak, portugal, march 2009 to february 2012.in portugal, listeriosis has been notifiable since april 2014, but there is no active surveillance programme for the disease. a retrospective study involving 25 national hospitals led to the detection of an outbreak that occurred between march 2009 and february 2012. the amount of time between the start of the outbreak and its detection was 16 months. of the 30 cases of listeriosis reported, 27 were in the lisbon and vale do tejo region. two cases were maternal/neonatal infections and one result ...201525955775
comparative efficacy of potassium levulinate with and without potassium diacetate and potassium propionate versus potassium lactate and sodium diacetate for control of listeria monocytogenes on commercially prepared uncured turkey breast.we evaluated the efficacy of potassium levulinate (klev; 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) with and without a blend of potassium propionate (0.1%) and potassium diacetate (0.1%) (kpd) versus a blend of potassium lactate (1.8%) and sodium diacetate (0.125%) (kld) for inhibiting listeria monocytogenes on commercially prepared, uncured turkey breast during refrigerated storage. product formulated with kld or klev (1.5%) was also subsequently surface treated with 44 ppm of a solution of lauric arginate (lae) ...201525951386
development of predictive models for the growth kinetics of listeria monocytogenes on fresh pork under different storage temperatures.this study was conducted to develop a predictive model to estimate the growth of listeria monocytogenes on fresh pork during storage at constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35°c). the baranyi model was fitted to growth data (log cfu per gram) to calculate the specific growth rate (sgr) and lag time (lt) with a high coefficient of determination (r(2) > 0.98). as expected, sgr increased with a decline in lt with rising temperatures in all samples. secondary models were then developed ...201525951385
crucial roles of tnfaip8 protein in regulating apoptosis and listeria infection.tnf-α-induced protein 8 (tnfaip8 or tipe) is a newly described regulator of cancer and infection. however, its precise roles and mechanisms of actions are not well understood. we report in this article that tnfaip8 regulates listeria monocytogenes infection by controlling pathogen invasion and host cell apoptosis in a rac1 gtpase-dependent manner. tnfaip8-knockout mice were resistant to lethal l. monocytogenes infection and had reduced bacterial load in the liver and spleen. tnfaip8 knockdown in ...201525948813
centrifugal step emulsification applied for absolute quantification of nucleic acids by digital droplet rpa.aqueous microdroplets provide miniaturized reaction compartments for numerous chemical, biochemical or pharmaceutical applications. we introduce centrifugal step emulsification for the fast and easy production of monodisperse droplets. homogenous droplets with pre-selectable diameters in a range from 120 μm to 170 μm were generated with coefficients of variation of 2-4% and zero run-in time or dead volume. the droplet diameter depends on the nozzle geometry (depth, width, and step size) and inte ...201525947077
combined effect of thermosonication and slightly acidic electrolyzed water to reduce foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms on fresh-cut kale.this study evaluated the efficacy of individual treatments (thermosonication [ts+dw] and slightly acidic electrolyzed water [sacew]) and their combination on reducing escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, and spoilage microorganisms (total bacterial counts [tbc], enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas spp., and yeast and mold counts [ymc]) on fresh-cut kale. for comparison, the antimicrobial efficacies of sodium chlorite (sc; 100 mg/l) and sodium hypochlorite (sh; 100 mg/l) were also evalua ...201525944413
improved recovery of listeria monocytogenes from stainless steel and polytetrafluoroethylene surfaces using air/water ablation.to develop a gentle ablation technique to recover listeria monocytogenes biofilms from stainless steel (ss) and polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) surfaces by using compressed air and water injection.201525943582
prevalence of listeria spp. and molecular characterization of listeria monocytogenes isolates from broilers at the abattoir.products from three broiler abattoirs were sampled for listeria species to evaluate the changes in the prevalence and contamination rates at two stages of processing. sampling was performed at the evisceration stage and at the end of processing after packaging and refrigerating at 4°c for 24 h. a total of 212 samples were collected; 52 were from abattoir a, and 80 samples each were collected from abattoirs b and c. among all samples, 99 (46.7%) tested positive for listeria, including l. monocyto ...201525942617
pathogen enrichment device (ped) enables one-step growth, enrichment and separation of pathogen from food matrices for detection using bioanalytical platforms.the bottleneck for accurate detection of foodborne pathogens is separation of target analytes from complex food matrices. currently used sample preparation methods are cumbersome, arduous and lengthy; thus, a user-friendly system is desirable. a hand-held sample preparation system designated pathogen enrichment device (ped) was built that contains a growth chamber, filters, and an ion exchange cartridge to deliver bacteria directly onto the detection platforms. escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonel ...201526211638
[construction and characterization of listeria monocytogenes deltahfq mutant strain].gram-positive brevibacterium listeria monocytogenes (lm) is an important zoonotic foodborne pathogen, engaged in both saprophytism and parasitism. it could adapt, survive and display pathogenicity under different environmental stress challenges, which is associated with the regulatory network consisting of regulating factors. the biological characterizations of regulator hfq was evaluated in this study.201526211317
biopreservative methods to control the growth of foodborne pathogens on fresh-cut lettuce.fruits and vegetables can become contaminated by foodborne pathogens such as escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella and listeria monocytogenes, and it has been demonstrated that current industrial sanitizing treatments do not eliminate the pathogens when present. chemical control is widely used, but biological control appears to be a better solution, mainly using the native microbiota present on fresh produce. the first objective of this study was to isolate native microbiota from whole and fresh- ...201526210531
transcriptomic analysis of the adaptation of listeria monocytogenes to growth on vacuum-packed cold smoked salmon.the foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes is able to survive and grow in ready-to-eat foods, in which it is likely to experience a number of environmental stresses due to refrigerated storage and the physicochemical properties of the food. little is known about the specific molecular mechanisms underlying survival and growth of l. monocytogenes under different complex conditions on/in specific food matrices. transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq) was used to understand the transcriptional landsc ...201526209664
prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulotyping of listeria species and listeria monocytogenes isolated from open-air fish markets.the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characterization of listeria species and listeria monocytogenes isolated from raw fish and open-air fish market environments. eight hundred and sixty two samples including raw fish and fish market environments (samples from workers' hands, workers' knives, containers and work surface) were collected from the open-air fish markets in the northern region of iran.201526209099
efficacy of sanitizer treatments on survival and growth parameters of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, and listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut pieces of cantaloupe during storage.for health reasons, people are consuming fresh-cut fruits with or without minimal processing and, thereby, exposing themselves to the risk of foodborne illness if such fruits are contaminated with bacterial pathogens. this study investigated survival and growth parameters of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, listeria monocytogenes, and aerobic mesophilic bacteria transferred from cantaloupe rind surfaces to fresh-cut pieces during fresh-cut preparation. all human bacterial pathogens inoculat ...201526197279
an innate immune system-mimicking, real-time biosensing of infectious bacteria.an animal cell-based biosensor was investigated to monitor bacterial contamination in an unattended manner by mimicking the innate immune response. the cells (raw 264.7 cell line) were first attached onto the solid surfaces of a 96-well microtiter plate and co-incubated in the culture medium with a sample that might contain bacterial contaminants. as toll-like receptors were present on the cell membrane surfaces, they acted as a sentinel by binding to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamp ...201526193914
early effector cd8 t cells display plasticity in populating the short-lived effector and memory-precursor pools following bacterial or viral infection.naïve antigen-specific cd8 t cells expand in response to infection and can be phenotypically separated into distinct effector populations, which include memory precursor effector cells (mpecs) and short-lived effector cells (slecs). in the days before the peak of the t cell response, a third population called early effector cells (eecs) predominate the antigen-specific response. however, the contribution of the eec population to the cd8 t cell differentiation program during an antimicrobial immu ...201526191658
domain function dissection and catalytic properties of listeria monocytogenes p60 protein with bacteriolytic activity.the major extracellular protein p60 of listeria monocytogenes (lm-p60) is an autolysin that can hydrolyze the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell wall and has been shown to be required for l. monocytogenes virulence. the predicted three-dimensional structure of lm-p60 showed that lm-p60 could be split into two independent structural domains at the amino acid residue 270. conserved motif analysis showed that v30, d207, s395, and h444 are the key amino acid residues of the corresponding motifs. howeve ...201526363556
cutting edge: the orphan nuclear receptor nr4a1 regulates cd8+ t cell expansion and effector function through direct repression of irf4.the transcription factor ifn regulatory factor (irf)4 was shown to play a crucial role in the protective cd8(+) t cell response; however, regulation of irf4 expression in cd8(+) t cells remains unclear. in this article, we report a critical role for nr4a1 in regulating the expansion, differentiation, and function of cd8(+) t cells through direct transcriptional repression of irf4. without nr4a1, the regulation of irf4 is lost, driving an increase in irf4 expression and, in turn, resulting in a f ...201526363057
meta-analysis of the effects of sanitizing treatments on salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes inactivation in fresh produce.the aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the effects of sanitizing treatments of fresh produce on salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes. from 55 primary studies found to report on such effects, 40 were selected based on specific criteria, leading to more than 1,000 data on mean log reductions of these three bacterial pathogens impairing the safety of fresh produce. data were partitioned to build three meta-analytical models that could allow the asse ...201526362982
biofilm-forming abilities of listeria monocytogenes serotypes isolated from different sources.a total of 98 previously characterized and serotyped l. monocytogenes strains, comprising 32 of 1/2a; 20 of 1/2b and 46 of 4b serotype, from clinical and food sources were studied for their capability to form a biofilm. the microtiter plate assay revealed 62 (63.26%) strains as weak, 27 (27.55%) strains as moderate, and 9 (9.18%) strains as strong biofilm formers. among the strong biofilm formers, 6 strains were of serotype 1/2a and 3 strains were of serotype 1/2b. none of the strain from 4b ser ...201526360831
a novel mutation leading to a premature stop codon in inla of listeria monocytogenes isolated from neonatal listeriosis.the study objective was to investigate whether the strain of l. monocytogenes serotype 1/2c isolated from neonatal listeriosis carries a premature stop codon (pmsc) mutation in the inla gene. the strain was characterized by serotyping, macrorestriction analysis after digestion with the restriction enzyme asci, and sequencing of the inla gene. the tested strain of serotype 1/2c and pulsotype 1 possesses a new type of point mutation leading to a pmsc in the inla gene and production of truncated in ...201525938757
tlr2 and ap-1/nf-kappab are involved in the regulation of mmp-9 elicited by heat killed listeria monocytogenes in human monocytic thp-1 cells.mmp-9 is crucial for a normal immune response, but excessive release of this enzyme leads to severe tissue damage. listeria monocytogenes (lm) is an opportunistic food-borne pathogen causing listerosis, meningitis and sepsis. heat killed listeria monocytogenes (hklm) activates immune system and leads production of cytokines and chemokines. however, nothing is known about the involvement of hklm in mmp-9 regulation. therefore we investigated the role of hklm in the regulation of mmp-9 gene expres ...201525931987
outbreak of encephalitic listeriosis in red-legged partridges (alectoris rufa).an outbreak of neurological disease was investigated in red-legged partridges between 8 and 28 days of age. clinical signs included torticollis, head tilt and incoordination and over an initial eight day period approximately 30-40 fatalities occurred per day. no significant gross post mortem findings were detected. histopathological examination of the brain and bacterial cultures followed by partial sequencing confirmed a diagnosis of encephalitis due to listeria monocytogenes. further isolates ...201525921827
controlling listeria monocytogenes in cold smoked salmon with the antimicrobial peptide salmine.listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a major safety concern for smoked salmon producers, as it can survive both the brining and smoking process in cold smoked salmon production. salmine is a cationic antimicrobial peptide derived from the milt of salmon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of lm in vitro. commercialization of this peptide would add value to a waste product produced when raising salmon. the purpose of this study was to determine the anti-listeria activity of salmine in smoked salm ...201525920744
bioactive properties of a propolis-based dietary supplement and its use in combination with mild heat for apple juice preservation.this study characterizes the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of a propolis-based dietary supplement (pds) and investigates its incorporation into apple juice to decrease the intensity of the heat treatment required to inactivate 5 log10 cycles of escherichia coli o157:h7. as the source of propolis, we used a pds containing 0.2 mg/μl of propylene glycol-extracted propolis (propolis). the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (ic50) of the pds were 82.15±3.53 mg/g and 0.055±0.00 ...201525897992
listeriaphages and coagulin c23 act synergistically to kill listeria monocytogenes in milk under refrigeration conditions.bacteriophages and bacteriocins are promising biocontrol tools in food. in this work, two listeria bacteriophages, fwllm1 and fwllm3, were assessed in combination with the bacteriocin coagulin c23 to inhibit listeria monocytogenes. preliminary results under laboratory conditions demonstrated that both antimicrobials act synergistically when they were applied in suboptimal concentrations. the combined approach was further assessed in milk contaminated with 5×10(4) cfu/ml l. monocytogenes 2000/47 ...201525897991
oxygen limitation induces acid tolerance and impacts simulated gastro-intestinal transit in listeria monocytogenes j0161.ᅟ: listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen and the causative agent of listeriosis, a severe infection to those with a pre-disposition. infections often arise through consumption of contaminated foods, where high intrinsic resistance to food processing practises permit survival and growth. several practises, including refrigeration, acidification and oxygen limitation are ineffective in controlling l. monocytogenes, therefore foods which do not undergo thermal processing, e.g. ready-to-ea ...201525897327
host actin polymerization tunes the cell division cycle of an intracellular pathogen.growth and division are two of the most fundamental capabilities of a bacterial cell. while they are well described for model organisms growing in broth culture, very little is known about the cell division cycle of bacteria replicating in more complex environments. using a d-alanine reporter strategy, we found that intracellular listeria monocytogenes (lm) spend a smaller proportion of their cell cycle dividing compared to lm growing in broth culture. this alteration to the cell division cycle ...201525892235
selection and characterization of phage-resistant mutant strains of listeria monocytogenes reveal host genes linked to phage adsorption.listeria-infecting phages are readily isolated from listeria-containing environments, yet little is known about the selective forces they exert on their host. here, we identified that two virulent phages, lp-048 and lp-125, adsorb to the surface of listeria monocytogenes strain 10403s through different mechanisms. we isolated and sequenced, using whole-genome sequencing, 69 spontaneous mutant strains of 10403s that were resistant to either one or both phages. mutations from 56 phage-resistant mu ...201525888172
biological effects of listeriolysin o: implications for vaccination.listeriolysin o (llo) is a thiol-activated cholesterol-dependent pore-forming toxin and the major virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes (lm). extensive research in recent years has revealed that llo exerts a wide array of biological activities, during the infection by lm or by itself as recombinant antigen. the spectrum of biological activities induced by llo includes cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, endoplasmic reticulum stress response, modulation of gene expression, intracellular calci ...201525874208
antimicrobial coatings with dual cationic and n-halamine character: characterization and biocidal efficacy.a method to prepare an antimicrobial coating for food-handling materials is reported. alternating layers of branched polyethylenimine and styrene maleic anhydride copolymer were applied onto the surface of polypropylene. the resulting coatings had low surface energy and presented enhanced antimicrobial character due to the presence of both cationic and n-halamine forming structures. in its unchlorinated form, the coating inactivated listeria monocytogenes by ∼3 logarithmic cycles. in the form of ...201525871333
a duplex qpcr for the simultaneous detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes using lna probes.in this study, a duplex qpcr assay was developed for the needs of the irish fish industry to screen for the two major food-borne pathogens of fish, listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7. the assay can claim positive or negative results for two pathogens in one go in only 20 h including 16 h universal pre-enrichment and compared to traditional iso approved plate culture methods the labour and the cost involved in testing of one sample is reduced to minimum. the highly specific genom ...201525869996
contrasting regulation of macrophage iron homeostasis in response to infection with listeria monocytogenes depending on localization of bacteria.due to its multiple roles for the proliferation and pathogenicity of many microbes on the one hand and via modulation of immune effector functions on the other hand the control over iron homeostasis is thought to play a decisive role in the course of infections. diversion of cellular iron traffic is considered as an important defense mechanism of macrophages to reduce metal availability for intracellular bacteria residing in the phagosome. however, evidence is lacking whether such alterations of ...201525869778
development of a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the sensitive and rapid detection of listeria monocytogenes.a real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (realamp) assay for the detection of listeria was developed. the realamp assay, using primers specific for the hemolysin-encoding hlya gene, was verified using listeria monocytogenes strains (n = 58) from different regions of the world. both the sensitivity and specificity of the realamp assay were high. the realamp assay could detect 10(3) cfu ml(-1) within 30 min. a comparative evaluation of the realamp assay, the api listeria assay, and the r ...201525868481
cell-autonomous responses in listeria monocytogenes infection.listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular bacterium causing listeriosis, a food-borne infection with a high mortality rate. the mechanisms and the role of cells and tissular components in generating protective adaptive immune responses are well studied, and cell biological studies provide a detailed understanding of the processes targeted by the bacterial products. much less is known of the cellular responses activated to limit infection in individual cells when confronted with stres ...201525865195
is there interaction between gut microbial profile and cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease patients?to evaluate the gut microbial profile in chronic kidney disease (ckd) patients and evaluate the possible relationship with inflammation and cardiovascular risk.201525865191
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for listeria monocytogenes.pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is a molecular subtyping method with high discriminatory power, reproducibility, and epidemiological concordance for the subtyping of listeria monocytogenes and other bacteria. pfge uses rare-cutting restriction enzymes (macrorestriction) that cut the genomic dna, usually resulting in 6-25 dna fragments ranging between 30 and 600 kb. bacterial cells are immobilized in agarose plugs and subsequently lysed to release genomic dna, which is then subjected to d ...201525862047
pfge as a tool to track listeria monocytogenes in food processing facilities: case studies.the use of pfge to track listeria monocytogenes strains from the food processing environment to the food is explained in this chapter through two case studies. this illustrates the usefulness of this method to identify putative routes of contamination and persistent strains and to help in the implementation of corrective actions in food processing facilities to control the occurrence of this pathogenic bacterium.201525862045
harmonization of pfge profile analysis by using bioinformatics tools: example of the listeria monocytogenes european union reference laboratory network.standardization in comparison and interpretation of profiles is an integral part of the analysis of gels from pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. using listeria monocytogenes as an example, this chapter outlines the analytical process using the software bionumerics.201525862044
listeria monocytogenes: a model pathogen to study antigen-specific memory cd8 t cell responses.memory cd8 t cells play a critical role in providing protection to immune hosts by orchestrating rapid elimination of pathogen-infected cells after re-infection. systemic bacterial infection with listeria monocytogenes has been a favored approach for researchers to characterize pathogen-specific cd8 t cell responses, and in-depth understanding of l. monocytogenes biology has provided invaluable experimental tools that have been used to increase our understanding of memory cd8 t cell differentiat ...201525860798
complete genome sequences of vb_lmos_188 and vb_lmos_293, two bacteriophages with specificity for listeria monocytogenes strains of serotypes 4b and 4e.listeria monocytogenes is responsible for the rare disease listeriosis, which is associated with the consumption of contaminated food products. we report here the complete genome sequences of vb_lmos_188 and vb_lmos_293, phages isolated from environmental sources and that have host specificity for l. monocytogenes strains of the 4b and 4e serotypes.201525858822
multiplexed detection of foodborne pathogens based on magnetic particles.this paper addresses the novel approaches for the multiplex detection of food poisoning bacteria, paying closer attention to three of the most common pathogens involved in food outbreaks: salmonella enterica, escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes. end-point and real-time pcr, classical immunological techniques, biosensors, microarrays and microfluidic platforms, as well as commercial kits for multiplex detection of food pathogens will be reviewed, with special focus on the role of ...201525858812
effect of sodium-alginate and laminaran on salmonella typhimurium infection in human enterocyte-like ht-29-luc cells and balb/c mice.brown algal polysaccharides such as alginate, polymers of uronic acids, and laminaran, beta-1,3 and 1,6-glucan, can be fermented by human intestinal microbiota. to evaluate the effects of these polysaccharides on infections caused by food poisoning pathogens, we investigated the adhesion and invasion of pathogens (salmonella typhimurium, listeria monocytogenes and vibrio parahaemolyticus) in human enterocyte-like ht-29-luc cells and in infections caused in balb/c mice. both sodium na-alginate an ...201525857966
plasticity of listeriolysin o pores and its regulation by ph and unique histidine [corrected].pore formation of cellular membranes is an ancient mechanism of bacterial pathogenesis that allows efficient damaging of target cells. several mechanisms have been described, however, relatively little is known about the assembly and properties of pores. listeriolysin o (llo) is a ph-regulated cholesterol-dependent cytolysin from the intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes, which forms transmembrane β-barrel pores. here we report that the assembly of llo pores is rapid and efficient irresp ...201525854672
farm to fork quantitative risk assessment of listeria monocytogenes contamination in raw and pasteurized milk cheese in ireland.the objective of this study was to model and quantify the level of listeria monocytogenes in raw milk cheese (rmc) and pasteurized milk cheese (pmc) from farm to fork using a bayesian inference approach combined with a quantitative risk assessment. the modeling approach included a prediction of contamination arising from the farm environment as well from cross-contamination within the cheese-processing facility through storage and subsequent human exposure. the model predicted a high concentrati ...201525850713
odor fingerprinting of listeria monocytogenes recognized by spme-gc-ms and e-nose.microorganisms can produce species-specific microbial volatile organic compounds (mvocs), or odor compounds, which can be characterized by odor fingerprinting. the objective of this study was to characterize the odor fingerprint of listeria monocytogenes. solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (spme-gc-ms) and electronic nose (e-nose) were used to recognize the mvocs of l. monocytogenes in pure culture medium. the main mvocs of l. monocytogenes were identified by spme-g ...201525847596
stochastic modelling of listeria monocytogenes single cell growth in cottage cheese with mesophilic lactic acid bacteria from aroma producing cultures.a stochastic model was developed for simultaneous growth of low numbers of listeria monocytogenes and populations of lactic acid bacteria from the aroma producing cultures applied in cottage cheese. during more than two years, different batches of cottage cheese with aroma culture were analysed for ph, lactic acid concentration and initial concentration of lactic acid bacteria. these data and bootstrap sampling were used to represent product variability in the stochastic model. lag time data wer ...201525847186
effect of filling type and heating method on prevalence of listeria species and listeria monocytogenes in dumplings produced in poland.the count of listeria monocytogenes was determined, before and after heat treatment, in 200 samples of dumplings of 9 brands and with different types of stuffing. analyses were conducted according to iso 11290-1 standard and with real-time pcr method. the highest count of l. monocytogenes was found in meat dumplings (10(2) to 10(4) cfu/g), whereas products with white cheese-potato stuffing and vegetable-mushroom stuffing contained significantly less listeria, 20 to 80 and 5 to 32 cfu/g, respecti ...201525847074
effect of sulfur dioxide fumigation on survival of foodborne pathogens on table grapes under standard storage temperature.we examined the fate of listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, and salmonella enterica thompson inoculated on freshly-harvested table grapes under standard cold storage with initial and weekly sulfur dioxide (so2) fumigation. l. monocytogenes and s. enterica thompson were much more sensitive to cold temperature than e. coli o157:h7. furthermore, l. monocytogenes was highly susceptible to so2. initial fumigation with 100 or 200 ppm-hr was sufficient to eliminate this pathogen on grapes ...201525846930
effect of ripeness stage during processing on listeria monocytogenes growth on fresh-cut 'conference' pears.there are several factors that affect the shelf life of fresh-cut fruit, including the cultivar, the ripeness stage of the fruit during processing and the fruit's storage atmosphere and temperature. the effect of fruit ripeness during processing on the survival and growth of listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut 'conference' pear slices at different temperatures (5, 10 and 20 °c) was studied. the four ripeness stages studied in this work (assessed by a fruit's firmness) were mature-green (54-60 n) ...201525846921
management of listeria monocytogenes in fermented sausages using the food safety objective concept underpinned by stochastic modeling and meta-analysis.in the present work, a demonstration is made on how the risk from the presence of listeria monocytogenes in fermented sausages can be managed using the concept of food safety objective (fso) aided by stochastic modeling (bayesian analysis and monte carlo simulation) and meta-analysis. for this purpose, the icmsf equation was used, which combines the initial level (h0) of the hazard and its subsequent reduction (σr) and/or increase (σi) along the production chain. each element of the equation was ...201525846913
predicting pathogen-specific cd8 t cell immune responses from a modeling approach.the primary cd8 t cell immune response constitutes a major mechanism to fight an infection by intra-cellular pathogens. we aim at assessing whether pathogen-specific dynamical parameters of the cd8 t cell response can be identified, based on measurements of cd8 t cell counts, using a modeling approach. we generated experimental data consisting in cd8 t cell counts kinetics during the response to three different live intra-cellular pathogens: two viruses (influenza, vaccinia) injected intranasall ...201525846273
two-component-system histidine kinases involved in growth of listeria monocytogenes egd-e at low temperatures.two-component systems (tcss) aid bacteria in adapting to a wide variety of stress conditions. while the role of tcs response regulators in the cold tolerance of the psychrotrophic foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes has been demonstrated previously, no comprehensive studies showing the role of tcs histidine kinases of l. monocytogenes at low temperature have been performed. we compared the expression levels of each histidine kinase-encoding gene of l. monocytogenes egd-e in logarithmic gro ...201525841007
aerobic plate counts and atp levels correlate with listeria monocytogenes detection in retail delis.listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes an estimated 1,591 cases of illness and 255 deaths annually in the united states, the majority of which are attributed to ready-to-eat deli meats processed in retail delis. because retail delis distribute product directly to consumers, rapid methods to validate cleaning and sanitation are needed to improve retail food safety. this study investigated the relationships among atp levels, standard aerobic plate count (apc), and l. monocytoge ...201525836412
growth inhibition of listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica, and escherichia coli o157:h7 by d-tryptophan as an incompatible solute.under osmotic stress, bacterial cells uptake compatible solutes such as glycine-betaine to maintain homeostasis. it is unknown whether incompatible solutes exist that are similar in structure to compatible solutes but have adverse physiological effects on bacterial physiology. the objective of this study was to evaluate solute incompatibility of various amino acids against bacterial growth. bacterial growth was evaluated by changes in optical density at 595 nm in peptone-yeast-glucose (pyg) brot ...201525836411
analysis of older adults' domestic kitchen storage practices in the united kingdom: identification of risk factors associated with listeriosis.increased listeriosis incidence among older adults (≥ 60 years) has been reported internationally, with many cases reported to be sporadic and associated with ready-to-eat (rte) food products with extended refrigerated shelf life. given that the home kitchen is recognized as a significant location where foodborne illnesses are acquired, it is important that consumers implement safe food practices to minimize risks. this is crucial for vulnerable consumers, such as older adults. consumer food saf ...201525836399
evaluation of novel micronized encapsulated essential oil-containing phosphate and lactate blends for growth inhibition of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella on poultry bologna, pork ham, and roast beef ready-to-eat deli loaves.essential oils and their constituents are reported to possess potent antimicrobial activity, but their use in food processing is limited because of low solubility in aqueous systems and volatilization during processing. two proprietary noncommercial essential oil-containing phosphate blends were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against salmonella enterica cocktail (sc)-and listeria monocytogenes (lm)-inoculated deli meat products made from pork, poultry, or beef. four treatments were tested ...201525836394
serotypes and pulsotypes diversity of listeria monocytogenes in a beef-processing environment.utensils and equipment from meat-processing facilities are considered relevant cross-contamination points of listeria monocytogenes to foods, demanding tracking studies to identify their specific origins, and predict proper control. the present study aimed to detect l. monocytogenes in a beef-processing facility, investigating the diversity of serotypes and pulsotypes in order to identify the possible contamination routes. surface samples from knives (n=26), tables (n=78), and employees hands (n ...201525835809
efficacy of cell wall-deficient spheroplasts against experimental murine listeriosis.various strategies adapted to develop an efficient vaccine against foodborne pathogen, listeria monocytogenes, have met with little success. spheroplasts (bacterial cell devoid of cell wall) are likely to undergo membrane-membrane fusion, leading to the delivery of their content to the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells, thus facilitating mhc class i antigen processing and presentation. in this study, we evaluated the prophylactic potential of listeria spheroplast-based vaccine against experime ...201525833403
colovesical fistula presenting as listeria monocytogenes bacteraemia.we present a case of colovesical fistula presenting with a clinical syndrome of urosepsis subsequently demonstrated to be due to listeria monocytogenes bacteraemia. the patient had a history of previous rectal cancer with a low anterior resection and a covering ileostomy that had been reversed 6 months prior to this presentation. l. monocytogenes was also isolated among mixed enteric organisms on urine culture. there were no symptoms or signs of acute gastrointestinal listeriosis or meningoencep ...201525827919
genetic characteristics of japanese clinical listeria monocytogenes isolates.listeria monocytogenes causes foodborne illnesses through consumption of ready-to-eat foods. although 135-201annual listeriosis cases have been estimated in japan, the details regarding the clinical isolates such as infection source, virulence level, and other genetic characteristics, are not known. in order to uncover the trends of listeriosis in japan and use the knowledge for prevention measures to be taken, the genetic characteristics of the past human clinical isolates needs to be elucidate ...201525826318
bacteriophage predation promotes serovar diversification in listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen classified into distinct serovars (svs) based on somatic and flagellar antigens. to correlate phenotype with genetic variation, we analyzed the wall teichoic acid (wta) glycosylation genes of sv 1/2, 3 and 7 strains, which differ in decoration of the ribitol-phosphate backbone with n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and/or rhamnose. inactivation of lmo1080 or the dtdp-l-rhamnose biosynthesis genes rmlacbd (lmo1081-1084) resulted in loss of rhamnose, where ...201525825127
the human p-glycoprotein transporter enhances the type i interferon response to listeria monocytogenes infection.human multidrug efflux transporters are known for their ability to extrude antibiotics and toxic compounds out of cells, yet accumulating data indicate they have additional functions in diverse physiological processes not related to drug efflux. here, we show that the human multidrug transporter p-glycoprotein (p-gp) (also named mdr1 and abcb1) is transcriptionally induced in the monocytic cell line thp-1 upon infection with the human intracellular bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes. nota ...201525824830
identification of a peptide-pheromone that enhances listeria monocytogenes escape from host cell vacuoles.listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that invades mammalian cells and escapes from membrane-bound vacuoles to replicate within the host cell cytosol. gene products required for intracellular bacterial growth and bacterial spread to adjacent cells are regulated by a transcriptional activator known as prfa. prfa becomes activated following l. monocytogenes entry into host cells, however the signal that stimulates prfa activation has not yet been de ...201525822753
the listeria monocytogenes strain 10403s biocyc database.listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen of humans and other animals. the striking ability to survive several stresses usually used for food preservation makes l. monocytogenes one of the biggest concerns to the food industry, while the high mortality of listeriosis in specific groups of humans makes it a great concern for public health. previous studies have shown that a regulatory network involving alternative sigma (σ) factors and transcription factors is pivotal to stress survival. ho ...201525819074
tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins-12(p40), 6, and 10 levels in cerebrospinal fluid and outcome prediction in ossimi sheep with encephalitic listeriosis.encephalitic listeriosis in sheep is a life-threatening disease. however, little is known about the cytokine response and their predictive value in this disease. the aim of present study was to assess the prognostic significance of tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), interleukin-12(p40) (il-12 p40), interleukin-6 (il-6), and interleukin 10 (il-10) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) in sheep with encephalitic listeriosis. fifty-nine ewes in 14 flocks were diagnosed clinically as having listeriosis. ...201525817420
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