Publications

lack of evidence of an association between hhv-8 and multiple myeloma.		1998	9823963
molecular pathological analysis of testicular diffuse large cell lymphomas.	the molecular pathology of 20 lymphomas, which presented as testicular masses in patients with no evidence of previous lymphoma, was analyzed. these lymphomas occurred in men with a median age of 69 years (range, 37 to 87 years). nine of the 14 patients with follow-up died of lymphoma (median survival, 12 months). all cases were diffuse large b-cell lymphomas that were positive for cd20 and commonly showed plasmacytoid differentiation (10 of 20 cases). three cases were burkitt's-like large cell ...	1998	9824100
hiv-associated malignant lymphomas in kenya (equatorial africa)	the clinical and pathological features of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)-related lymphomas, including their relationship with other viruses, such as epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human herpes virus-8 (hhv8), have been the subject of several studies from north america and europe. no consistent data have been reported in africa, where aids runs an epidemiological and clinical course different from that observed in western countries. we retrospectively evaluated the presence of human imm ...	1998	9824108
further confirmation of the association of human herpesvirus 8 with kaposi's sarcoma.	recently, a new herpesvirus-like dna sequence named kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) or human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) has been isolated from almost all cases of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). it has not been found in most benign and malignant cutaneous hemangioproliferative disorders other than ks. to further verify the specificity of the association of this new viral dna with ks, we examined in total 42 cases of vascular neoplasms of endothelial derivation using nested polymerase chain react ...	1998	9826166
human pathogenic virus-associated pseudolymphomas and lymphomas with primary cutaneous manifestation in humans and animals.	the etiologic role of viruses in cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders is still controversial. in benign cutaneous pseudolymphomas of the human skin, human t-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (htlv) type i (htlv-i), varicella zoster virus, epstein-barr virus (ebv), and human herpesvirus (hhv) 6 (hhv-6) are the viruses most often identified, whereas in malignant lymphoproliferation human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), htlv-i/ii, and ebv are more common. coinfections with more than one virus ...	1998	9827286
kaposi's sarcoma after renal transplantation.		1998	9829477
diva, a bcl-2 homologue that binds directly to apaf-1 and induces bh3-independent cell death.	we have identified and characterized diva, which is a novel regulator of apoptosis. sequence analysis revealed that diva is a member of the bcl-2 family of proteins containing bcl-2 homology domain 1, 2, 3, and 4 (bh1, bh2, bh3, and bh4) regions and a carboxyl-terminal hydrophobic domain. the expression of diva mrna was detected in multiple embryonic tissues but was restricted to the ovary and testis in adult mice. the expression of diva promoted the death of 293t, ramsey, and t47d cells as well ...	1998	9829980
the viral chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-ii is a selective th2 chemoattractant.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) lesions are characterized by a prominent leukocyte infiltrate composed of mononuclear phagocytes and t cells. ks-associated cd4(+) and cd8(+) cells showed predominantly a type ii cytokine profile. the cc chemokine viral macrophage inflammatory protein-ii (vmip-ii) encoded by the ks-associated herpes virus 8 was a selective chemoattractant for t helper 2 (th2 cells) and for monocytes, whereas it was inactive on other leukocytes, including th1 cells, dendritic cells, and natu ...	1998	9834206
the geographical distribution of kaposi's sarcoma and of lymphomas in africa before the aids epidemic.	estimated incidence rates are presented for three human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated cancers [kaposi's sarcoma (ks), burkitt's lymphoma (bl) and other non-hodgkin's lymphomas (nhls)] from across the african continent, based on data collected before the hiv epidemic. mapping of the rates and comparisons with a range of geographical variables indicate completely different distributions for ks and bl but a degree of similarity in the occurrence of burkitt's lymphoma and other nhls. compa ...	1998	9836488
human herpesvirus-8 glycoprotein b interacts with epstein-barr virus (ebv) glycoprotein 110 but fails to complement the infectivity of ebv mutants.	to characterize human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) gb, the open reading frame was pcr amplified from the hhv-8-infected cell line bcbl-1 and cloned into an expression vector. to facilitate detection of expressed hhv-8 gb, the cytoplasmic tail of the glycoprotein was tagged with the influenza hemagglutinin (ha) epitope. expression of tagged hhv-8 gb (gb-ha), as well as the untagged form, was readily detected in cho-k1 cells and several lymphoblastoid cell lines (lcls). hhv-8 gb-ha was sensitive to endog ...	1998	9837804
kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus type 8 and epstein-barr virus in immunosuppressed renal transplant recipients.		1998	9838400
transformation of primary human endothelial cells by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), or human herpesvirus 8, is invariably present in kaposi's sarcoma lesions. kshv contains several viral oncogenes and serological evidence suggests that kshv infection is necessary for the development of kaposi's sarcoma, but cellular transformation by this virus has not so far been demonstrated. kshv is found in the microvascular endothelial cells in kaposi's sarcoma lesions and in the spindle 'tumour' cells, which are also thought to be of endothe ...	1998	9707121
role of hhv-8 in kaposi sarcoma: abstract and commentary.		1998	9707154
proceedings of the first national aids malignancy conference. bethesda, maryland, usa. april 28-30, 1997.		1998	9709293
overview of the epidemiology of immunodeficiency-associated cancers.	immunodeficiency, be it congenital, therapeutic, or infectious in origin, increases the risk of certain, but not all, types of cancer. a common feature of these cancers is that specific infectious agents appear to be important in their etiology, not only in immunodeficient subjects but also in the general population. people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are at an increased risk of kaposi's sarcoma, non-hodgkin's lymphoma, hodgkin's disease, squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunc ...	1998	9709294
current perspectives on the molecular pathogenesis of virus-induced cancers in human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	a distinct group of cancers particularly threaten human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected people. most hiv/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-associated cancers have a substantial component of viral etiology. epstein-barr virus (ebv), kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (hhv8), human papillomavirus (hpv), and hiv have been implicated in the etiology of cancers in aids. the molecular mechanisms by which hpv, ebv, hhv8, and hiv persist and cause cancer are summarized. the viral etio ...	1998	9709295
association of non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining cancers with human immunodeficiency virus infection.	kaposi's sarcoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma were among the earliest recognized manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic. excluding these two tumors, the overall risk of all other cancers in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals is similar to that of the general population. however, varying levels of evidence link several additional neoplasms to hiv infection. the evidence is strongest for an association with hodgkin's disease, with lower relative ...	1998	9709298
cancers in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.	although the exact incidence of cancers in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected children is not clear, an excess of non-hodgkin's lymphomas and soft tissue tumors as well as a multitude of otherwise rare tumors in childhood, such as cervical, thyroid, or pulmonary carcinoma, has been reported. in contrast to the findings in hiv-infected adults, kaposi's sarcoma is rare in children in industrialized countries but not in children living in the sub-saharan area. treatment of the neoplastic d ...	1998	9709300
human herpesvirus type 8 and kaposi's sarcoma.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8) is present in all forms of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) as well as in primary effusion lymphomas and some cases of castleman's disease. in ks tissues, hhv-8 is present in endothelial and spindle cells. current serologic tests suggest that hhv-8 is predominantly found in those at risk of ks and is not as widespread as most other human herpesviruses. hhv-8 encodes various proteins that may play a role in promotion of cellular gro ...	1998	9709303
some aspects of the pathogenesis of hiv-1-associated kaposi's sarcoma.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a very rare tumor except after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection when it becomes common. most investigators assume that the role of hiv-1 is passive, i.e., via inducing immune deficiency, thereby enhancing cancer development, and specifically, in the case of human herpesvirus 8 (kshv) by enhancing hhv-8 replication. we suggest that the role of hiv-1 is more active in the disease process by at least two events: 1) promoting an increase in inflammatory ...	1998	9709304
clinical overview: issues in kaposi's sarcoma therapeutics.	four questions are posed that are critical to the development of improved therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for kaposi's sarcoma (ks). 1) can we predict who will develop ks? accurate identification of high-risk factors for ks development is essential for the development of ks prophylaxis trials. 2) can developing insights into ks pathogenesis be translated into improved therapeutic and/or new prophylactic strategies for patients at high risk? several approaches are being developed that tar ...	1998	9709305
kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded oncogenes and oncogenesis.	molecular biologic studies of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) have identified a number of potential viral oncogenes that may contribute to kshv-related neoplasia including a d-type cyclin, an il-6-like cytokine, and a novel member of the interferon regulatory factor family. kshv is functionally related to other dna tumor viruses by encoding specific proteins to inhibit prb, pro-apoptotic, and interferon-signaling tumor suppressor pathways. the virus appears to employ molecular pir ...	1998	9709306
human herpesvirus 8--the first human rhadinovirus.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus, also known as human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), is the first known human member of the genus rhadinovirus. it is regularly found by polymerase chain reaction in all forms of ks, in certain types of castleman's disease, and in body cavity-based b-cell lymphoma. other members of this virus group occur in nonhuman primates, ungulates, rabbits, and mice and cause in part fulminant lymphomas and other neoplastic disorders of the hematopoietic system. rhadinovi ...	1998	9709307
novel organizational features, captured cellular genes, and strain variability within the genome of kshv/hhv8.	strong serologic and molecular probe correlations indicate that the newly discovered gamma herpesvirus kshv or hhv8 is the likely etiologic agent of all forms of kaposi's sarcoma as well as bcbl/pel and mcd in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). two large segments of hhv8 dna from an aids-associated bcbl tumor covering genomic positions 0-52 kilobase [kb] and 108-140 kb have been cloned, mapped, and partially sequenced. our studies have focused on novel viral proteins encode ...	1998	9709308
genetic basis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphomagenesis.	the molecular pathogenesis of systemic acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related non-hodgkin's lymphomas (aids-nhl) is a complex process involving both host factors and the accumulation of genetic lesions within the tumor clone. on the basis of the pattern of molecular lesions involved in these tumors, several distinct pathogenetic pathways can be presently identified in aids-related lymphomagenesis. these pathways selectively associate with the different clinicopathologic variants of ai ...	1998	9709310
high prevalence in central africa of blood donors who are potentially infectious for human herpesvirus 8.	in western countries, the transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) via blood transfusion has been recently postulated. in sub-saharan african, the incidence of hhv-8-associated kaposi's sarcoma and the seroprevalence for hhv-8 in autochthonous populations are high.	1998	9709786
kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a vascular tumor predominantly found in the immunosuppressed. epidemiologic studies suggest that an infective agent is the etiologic culprit. kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), or human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8), is a gamma human herpesvirus present in all epidemiologic forms of ks and also in a rare type of a b cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma (pel). in addition, this virus is present in most biopsies from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated m ...	1998	9709807
identification of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif of k1 transforming protein of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is consistently identified in kaposi's sarcoma and body cavity-based lymphoma. kshv encodes a transforming protein called k1 which is structurally similar to lymphocyte receptors. we have found that a highly conserved region of the cytoplasmic domain of k1 resembles the sequence of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (itams). to demonstrate the signal-transducing activity of k1, we constructed a chimeric protein in which the cytoplasmic ...	1998	9710606
the standpoint of aids research and therapy programs.	considerable progress has recently been achieved in understanding the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), and in improving the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies for the treatment of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the pharmacological properties of new drugs are very effective in establishing a long-term suppression of hiv-1 replication, and have remarkably increased the survival period of patients with aids. however, current antiretroviral ...	1998	9713460
absence of hhv-8 dna sequences in malignant mesothelioma.	human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) associated primary effusion lymphomas arise and grow in the body cavities as effusions, but it is not known whether the lining of body cavities and mesothelium derived malignancies are potential targets of hhv-8 infection. we examined a series of 13 diffuse malignant mesotheliomas and four mesothelial cell rich effusion samples of non-neoplastic aetiology from non-immunodepressed patients using the polymerase chain reaction to detect hhv-8 specific sequences. hhv-8 am ...	1998	9713597
prevalence and transmission of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) in ugandan children and adolescents.	we studied the seroprevalence and transmission of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv/hhv8), among 215 ugandan children, adolescents and young adults. we measured antibodies to a latent nuclear antigen (lana) and a lytic cycle protein encoded by open reading frame (orf) 65. infection with kshv/hhv8 occurred during early childhood and reached adult levels (approx. 50%) before the age of puberty. in children younger than 12 years of age, antibodies to lana and the orf65 protein were inde ...	1998	9714046
murine gammaherpesvirus 68: a model for the study of gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis.	murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (mhv-68) is a naturally occurring herpesvirus of wild rodents and is genetically related to human herpesvirus 8 and epstein-barr virus. the ability of mhv-68 to establish acute and persistent infection within laboratory mice offers a unique opportunity to investigate immunological and virological aspects of gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis.	1998	9717216
cardiac involvement in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a multicenter clinical-pathological study. gruppo italiano per lo studio cardiologico dei pazienti affetti da aids investigators.	the heart is frequently involved in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). this study was planned to assess the prevalence of cardiac involvement in a large and selected population of patients who died of aids. of 440 aids patients who underwent autopsy, cardiac involvement was documented in 82 patients. dilated cardiomyopathy was found in 12 patients; lymphocytic interstitial myocarditis was documented in 30 patients, and in 10 of 12 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. inflammatory in ...	1998	9718123
human herpes viruses-6, -7 and -8.		1998	9718925
kaposi's sarcoma: a result of the interplay among inflammatory cytokines, angiogenic factors and viral agents.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an angioproliferative disease occurring in 4 clinic-epidemiologic forms. although the aids-associated ks (aids-ks) is the most aggressive, all forms of ks share the same immunological and histopathological features suggesting common etiological and pathogenic factors. recent data indicate that at least in early stage ks is not a real sarcoma but an angiohyperplastic-inflammatory lesion mediated by inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors, that is triggered or amplif ...	1998	9720757
kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) in bone marrow biopsies of patients with waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is suspected to play a role in the aetiology of multiple myeloma. because of similarities in the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma and waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia (wm), we investigated dna samples from 20 bone marrow biopsies with wm for the detection of kshv by pcr (ks330/orf26). we performed two rounds of amplification and found that only 1/20 of the dna samples obtained from biopsies had a detectable kshv sequence. the positive patient was ...	1998	9722309
posttransplant human herpes virus 8 infection and seroconversion in a kaposi's sarcoma affected kidney recipient transplanted from a human herpes virus 8 positive living related donor.		1998	9723403
a viral gene that activates lytic cycle expression of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.	herpesviruses exist in two states, latency and a lytic productive cycle. here we identify an immediate-early gene encoded by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv)/human herpesvirus eight (hhv8) that activates lytic cycle gene expression from the latent viral genome. the gene is a homologue of rta, a transcriptional activator encoded by epstein-barr virus (ebv). kshv/rta activated kshv early lytic genes, including virus-encoded interleukin 6 and polyadenylated nuclear rna, and a late gen ...	1998	9724796
kaposi's sarcoma in hiv infection: impact on opportunistic infections and survival.	to determine the effect of kaposi's sarcoma on survival of hiv-infected patients.	1998	9727568
antibodies to kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8) in patients with multiple myeloma.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) serologic assays were used to detect specific antibodies to kshv lytic and latent antigens in 27 patients with multiple myeloma, 27 control patients with other cancers, and 50 random blood donors. antibodies to kshv recombinant minor capsid antigen orf65 were found in 81% of patients with multiple myeloma, 22% of control patients with other cancers, and 6% of the blood donors. antibodies to kshv latent nuclear antigens were found in 52% of patients ...	1998	9728556
the roles of human viruses in the pathogenesis of lymphoma.	there are two families of viruses that contribute to lymphomagenesis in humans: herpesviruses and retroviruses. the two herpesviruses are the epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8). ebv is an extremely well-characterized transforming agent: nine viral proteins contribute to transformation in vitro. in contrast, in vivo, the pattern of ebv gene expression varies with different types of malignancies. ebv is associated with endemic burkitt's lymphoma, acquired immune deficiency sy ...	1998	9728596
detection of hhv-8 dna in a german patient with classical kaposi's sarcoma may allow an estimation of the incubation period.	dna of hhv-8 (kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus [kshv]) was detected in a biopsy of a kaposi's sarcoma in an elderly male patient from saxony (east germany). the diagnosis of classical kaposi's sarcoma was first made in 1986. during world war ii, the patient had been on active service on the greek islands of crete and rhodes only, he did not travel outside east germany after the war. it is assumed that the patient was infected during his stay on the islands of crete or rhodes, where class ...	1998	9729052
kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is not detected with immunosuppression in multiple myeloma.		1998	9731082
persistent infection of epstein-barr virus-positive b lymphocytes by human herpesvirus 8.	in patients with kaposi's sarcoma (ks), human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) can invariably be detected in ks tumor tissue and, at a lower frequency, in prostate tissue and peripheral blood b lymphocytes. whereas the majority of ks spindle cells are latently infected by hhv-8, linear hhv-8 genomes characteristic for lytic infection are found predominantly in the peripheral blood cells of ks patients. in this study, we show that hhv-8 can stably infect b lymphocytes in vitro in the presence of epstein-bar ...	1998	9733855
a cluster of latently expressed genes in kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.	infection with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is closely associated with kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and primary effusion lymphoma, with viral genomes present in a latent state in the majority of tumor cells. here we describe a cluster of latently expressed viral genes whose mrnas are generated from a common promoter. two mrnas in this region encode the latency-associated nuclear antigen, the product of open reading frame 73 (orf73). the larger rna, of 5.8 kb, is an unspliced transcrip ...	1998	9733875
establishment and characterization of ebv-positive and ebv-negative primary effusion lymphoma cell lines harbouring human herpesvirus type-8.	in this study we report on the establishment and characterization of two novel lymphoma cell lines (cro-ap/3 and cro-ap/5) which carry infection by human herpesvirus type-8 (hhv-8) and have derived from aids-related primary effusion lymphoma (pel). these two cell lines are representative of different virologic subtypes of pel, i.e. hhv-8+/ebv- pel in the case of cro-ap/3 and hhv-8+/ebv+ pel in the case of cro-ap/5. consistent with the diagnosis of pel, both cro-ap/3 and cro-ap/5 expressed indete ...	1998	9734661
geographically distinct hhv-8 dna sequences in saudi arabian iatrogenic kaposi's sarcoma lesions.	a new member of the gamma-herpesvirus family, hhv-8 (also known as kaposi's sarcoma (ks)-associated herpesvirus), has been linked to ks and body cavity-based lymphoma. other members of this family, eg, epstein-barr virus, were originally thought to have only one strain, but subsequent analysis revealed different strains correlating to cellular patterns of infectivity and geographical location. to determine whether multiple strains of hhv-8 exist, we compared dna sequences among ks and body cavit ...	1998	9736049
epithelioid angiosarcoma arising in a surgically constructed arteriovenous fistula: a rare complication of chronic immunosuppression in the setting of renal transplantation.	immunosuppression in the setting of solid organ transplantation is associated with the development of a variety of malignant tumors, most commonly squamous carcinomas and non-hodgkin's lymphomas. sarcomas, apart from kaposi's sarcoma, are relatively infrequent. we recently encountered a 71-year-old man with chronic renal failure, treated by allograft kidney transplantation, who developed a high-grade epithelioid angiosarcoma at the site of a nonfunctioning arteriovenous fistula, previously const ...	1998	9737250
site-directed mutagenesis probing the catalytic role of arginines 165 and 166 of human cytomegalovirus protease.	human cytomegalovirus (cmv) is a member of the herpesviridae family of viruses that also includes herpes simplex viruses (hsv-1 and hsv-2), varicella-zoster virus (vzv), human herpes virus-6, 7, and 8 (hhv-6, hhv-7, and hhv-8), and epstein-barr virus (ebv). each member of this family encodes a serine protease that is a potential target for antiviral therapeutic intervention. we recently reported the crystal structure of cmv proteases [qiu, x., culp, j. s., dilella, a. g., hellmig, b., hoog, s. s ...	1998	9558326
oral manifestations of hiv infection in 600 south african patients.	oral lesions associated with hiv infection, as classified by the ec-clearinghouse on oral problems related to hiv infection and the who collaborating centre on oral manifestations of the immunodeficiency virus, were studied in 600 consecutive hiv-infected patients in cape town, south africa. one or more lesions were seen in 60.4% of cases. combined candidal lesions were evident in 37.8%, hairy leukoplakia in 19.7% and combined gingival/periodontal lesions in 8.5% of patients seen. lesions less c ...	1998	9563573
detection of herpesvirus-like sequences in kaposi's sarcoma from heart transplant recipients.	herpesvirus-like dna sequences have been found in lesions from patients with kaposi's sarcoma in its several forms, suggesting that this tumor may be caused by a new herpesvirus, referred to as kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus 8.	1998	9563605
aids-related primary lymphoma of the pleural cavity. a case report.	pleural effusions are common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). their most frequent causes are kaposi's sarcoma and mycobacterial infections. we report cytologic, immunophenotypic and molecular features of a primary pleural non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) that represent an uncommon cause of isolated pleural effusion in patients with aids.	1998	9568138
interferon-alpha: evolving therapy for aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma.	this article reviews developments over nearly 15 years in the application of interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) to the treatment of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the initial success of ifn treatment for selected patients with aids-associated ks occurred before identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and in the absence of any coherent view of ks pathogenesis. a more comprehensive understanding of the biology of both aids and ks, toget ...	1998	9568721
lack of involvement of known oncogenic dna viruses in epstein-barr virus-negative hodgkin's disease.	epstein-barr virus (ebv) is associated with around one-third of cases, but young adult cases are rarely ebv associated. in this study, known oncogenic dna viruses, including human adenoviruses, papovaviruses and the human herpesviruses-6 (hhv-6) and -8 (hhv-8) were not detected in hodgkin's disease lesions. these results suggest that an as yet unidentified infectious agent is involved in the pathogenesis of non-ebv-associated hodgkin's disease.	1998	9569037
demonstration of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus cyclin d homolog in cutaneous kaposi's sarcoma by colorimetric in situ hybridization using a catalyzed signal amplification system.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (kshv)/human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) dna sequences have been demonstrated in kaposi's sarcoma (ks), as well as in some acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related non-hodgkin's lymphomas (nhl) and in multicentric castleman's disease. although kshv dna generally is abundant in kshv-associated lymphomas, few copies of the virus are present in ks, a property that confounds detection by in situ methods. previous in situ studies, which identified kshv in l ...	1998	9573020
identification of kaposin (open reading frame k12) as a human herpesvirus 8 (kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) transforming gene.	the recently identified human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8, or kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) has been implicated in the etiology of both kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and primary effusion (body cavity-based) lymphoma (pel) (y. chang et al., science 266:1865-1869, 1994; p. s. moore et al., j. virol. 70:549-558, 1996). an important feature of the association of hhv-8 with these malignancies is the expression of an abundant, latency-associated 0.7-kb transcript, t0. 7 (w. zhong et al., proc. natl. acad. ...	1998	9573267
limited transmission of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in cultured cells.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) (also called human herpesvirus 8) is a novel gammaherpesvirus strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma. although virions can be produced in high yield from latently infected b-cell lines treated with phorbol esters, little is known about the infectivity of such virus, and efficient serial propagation of kshv has been problematic. here we report on the infectivity of kshv produced from phorbol-induced bcbl-1 cells, employing an ass ...	1998	9573290
kaposi's sarcoma and protection from hiv dementia.		1998	9575077
head and neck manifestations of aids in adults.	head and neck manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are among the most common complications of this disease. some of these manifestations are the initial signs of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, and others are associated with full-blown aids. otologic manifestations include otitis externa, otitis media, kaposi's sarcoma and sensorineural hearing loss. nasal and oral manifestations of aids are more common than otologic manifestations and range from infections, ...	1998	9575321
[importance of molecular biology in retrovirus and herpesvirus infections].	molecular biology has long been used as a tool for basic research in virology. its medical use is recent and has been supported both by numerous technical improvements and the discovery of new human viruses. this is illustrated by the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1, hiv-2, human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv)-i/ii, and human herpesviruses (hhv) 6, 7 and 8. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) gave a major boost to an extended use of molecular biology techniques. this resulted in a be ...	1998	9577878
human herpesvirus 8 is not detectable by polymerase chain reaction in angiosarcoma.		1998	9580820
an unusual localisation of kaposi's sarcoma: the external auditory canal.	the epidemic form of kaposi's sarcoma is associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. cutaneous and mucosal manifestations are frequently reported in the ent sphere, mostly involving the oral cavity. the external and middle ear are only rarely concerned with only one case of a mastoid lesion without extension to the external auditory canal (eac) being reported to this day. the present article describes the first case of involvement of the eac with extension to adjacent structures. thi ...	1998	9581194
regression of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related pulmonary kaposi's sarcoma after highly active antiretroviral therapy.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is the most common neoplasm affecting people with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. the skin is the most common site of disease; however, ks can also involve visceral organs such as the lungs, leading to severe morbidity and contributing to death in almost 30% of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). new antiretroviral strategies incorporating combination nucleoside analogues with a protease inhibitor lead to increased circulating cd4+ ...	1998	9581584
enhanced detection of human herpesvirus-8 and cytomegalovirus in semen of hiv-seropositive asymptomatic heterosexual men living in central africa.		1998	9583611
kaposi's sarcoma in liver transplant recipients on fk506.		1998	9583882
cancer in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children: a case series from the children's cancer group and the national cancer institute.	to describe the spectrum of malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected children and the clinical outcome of patients with these tumors.	1998	9586885
prospective randomized trial of two dose levels of interferon alfa with zidovudine for the treatment of kaposi's sarcoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a canadian hiv clinical trials network study.	interferon alfa alone has shown antitumor activity against kaposi's sarcoma (ks), and phase i and ii clinical trials showed that interferon and zidovudine could be administered safely to patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated ks. these observations led to our trial of zidovudine with two dose levels of interferon alfa.	1998	9586886
absence of human herpesvirus 8 dna sequences in vascular tumors of the liver.	kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (kshv), also designated human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8), has been detected consistently in kaposi's sarcoma, body cavity lymphoma and multicentric castleman's disease, both in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive and -negative patients. identification of kshv/hhv8 dna sequences in various benign and malignant vascular tumors in hiv-negative patients was reported in one study, but was not confirmed in several other studies. the vascular lesions, other th ...	1998	9588771
malignant melanoma in an hiv-infected man: a case report and literature review.	although it is not proven by causative association, several studies indicate that patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) have a high risk for developing cutaneous malignancies, especially lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma. other malignant cutaneous lesions seen in this patient population include basal-cell carcinoma, squamous-cell cancer, bowen's disease, and rarely, malignant melanoma. we review the clinical course of a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected man with a superf ...	1998	9589030
foscarnet decreases hiv-1 plasma load.	to evaluate the effect of foscarnet on hiv-1 replication in vivo.	1998	9593457
human herpesvirus 8 seroprevalence in blood donors and lymphoma patients from different regions of italy.		1998	9498490
human herpesvirus 8 variants.		1998	9500364
human herpesvirus 8 variants.		1998	9500365
human herpesvirus 8 variants.		1998	9500366
serologic association of human herpesvirus eight with posttransplant kaposi's sarcoma in saudi arabia.	this study investigates the association between human herpesvirus eight (hhv8) and kaposi's sarcoma (ks), the most common cancer occurring in renal transplant recipients in saudi arabia.	1998	9500639
glutathione depletion associated with the hiv-1 tat protein mediates the extracellular appearance of acidic fibroblast growth factor.	primary murine embryonic fibroblasts transfected with hiv-1 tat demonstrated decreased levels of high energy phosphates (atp, gtp, utp/ctp), adenine nucleotides (atp, adp, amp), and both nad+/nadh redox pairs, resulting in a substantial loss of redox poise. a greater than 50% decrease in intracellular reduced glutathione (gsh) concentration was accompanied by the extracellular appearance of acidic fibroblast growth factor (fgf-1). addition of either n-acetyl-l-cysteine or glutathione ester (gse) ...	1998	9501919
pathogenesis of aids-related lymphomas: molecular and histogenetic heterogeneity.		1998	9502401
successful treatment of multicentric castleman's disease in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection.		1998	9502499
clinical manifestations and therapies of aids associated tumors.	we are giving an overview over the clinical features and different therapeutic options of hiv associated malignancies. there are three aids-defining malignancies: - kaposi's sarcoma - non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) - cervical cancer. in kaposi sarcoma there is a broad therapeutic spectrum from cryotherapy to systemic chemotherapy depending on the site and stage of the kaposi sarcoma. in nhl early therapeutic intervention is necessary because of the fast progress of the tumor. the cervical cancer i ...	1998	9502754
the evaluation of human herpesvirus 8 (kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) in cutaneous lesions of kaposi's sarcoma: a study of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue.	the etiologic role of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) in kaposi's sarcoma (ks) remains controversial. this polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship of hhv8 in ks from our geographical region and to determine its utility in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens. forty-two biopsy specimens were studied, including nine aids-associated cases and four from classic ks. of the 39 patients included, 21 were hiv+ and 18 had no clinical evidence of hi ...	1998	9504662
phase ii trial with dose titration of paclitaxel for the therapy of human immunodeficiency virus-associated kaposi's sarcoma.	to investigate the antitumor activity and safety of paclitaxel in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks).	1998	9508198
interleukin-6 in multiple myeloma and related plasma cell dyscrasias.	since the discovery a decade ago that interleukin-6 is a growth factor for human multiple myeloma (mm) cells, great strides have been made in understanding the relationship of this cytokine to multiple myeloma. a plethora of studies on this topic has confirmed that interleukin-6 is a key growth and survival factor for myeloma cells, as well as a major morbidity factor for patients with mm. their is strong evidence for both an autocrine (in mm cells) as well as a paracrine sources of interleukin- ...	1998	9515202
mechanisms of growth control of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus-associated primary effusion lymphoma cells.	primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity associated with kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (kshv). several cytokines, including interleukin-6 (il-6), basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf), and platelet-derived growth factor (pdgf) may be important for survival of ks cells. however, little is known about the interaction of cytokines with kshv-infected lymphocytes from pel. therefore, we investigated what cytokines were produced by kshv-infected pel cell lines ...	1998	9516148
human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) in the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma and other diseases.	the discovery of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus-8 (kshv/ hhv-8) and subsequent studies of this virus have provided a body of evidence that support the concept that this is an etiologic agent for kaposi's sarcoma (ks). several studies have indicated that this virus may also be a causal agent for primary effusion lymphoma (pel) and castleman's disease as well. first generation serologic assays for hhv-8 have now been developed. the preponderance of data suggest that the ...	1998	9517497
thiol redox modulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha responsiveness in cultured aids-related kaposi's sarcoma cells.	both clinical and experimental evidence indicates that aids-related kaposi's sarcoma (aids-ks) has a multifactorial pathogenesis with factors such as hiv viral load, latent virus induction, and opportunistic infections contributing to disease progression. however, a consistent feature that unites these apparently diverse putative etiologic agents is sustained serum elevations of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha). while virtually every cell responds to tnf ...	1998	9518260
multiple myeloma: the cells of origin--a two-way street.	multiple myeloma results from an interplay between the monoclonal malignant plasma cells and supporting nonmalignant cells in the bone marrow. recent studies suggest that the final transforming event in this b cell disorder occurs at a late stage of b cell differentiation based on the characteristics of the immunoglobulin genes expressed by the malignant clone as well as surface markers present on the tumor cells. recently, an increasing pathogenic role in this malignancy by the nonmalignant cel ...	1998	9519771
detection of human herpesvirus-8 dna in kaposi's sarcomas from iatrogenically immunosuppressed patients.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) accounts for more than 5% of malignancies in immunosuppressed organ transplant patients (oks). a new herpesvirus (hhv-8) was identified with high prevalence in biopsy specimens of aids-ks, endemic ks, and classic ks and in oks. ks has also been associated with other underlying diseases in patients treated with corticosteroids, but this subset of ks has been reported to contain hhv-8 in only a few case reports.	1998	9520025
kaposi's sarcoma of the parotid gland in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	parotid gland enlargement is common in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. although parotitis is the usual histopathological feature in such cases, patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at high risk of developing both lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma of the parotid gland. human immunodeficiency virus, however, is not detected within the parotid parenchyma even in the presence of kaposi's sarcoma. the pathway of the virus' entry into the saliva remains unknown.	1998	9520819
sexual transmission and the natural history of human herpesvirus 8 infection.	although human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) has been suspected to be the etiologic agent of kaposi's sarcoma, little is known about its seroprevalence in the population, its modes of transmission, and its natural history.	1998	9521982
reactivities of human sera with human herpesvirus-8-infected bcbl-1 cells and identification of hhv-8-specific proteins and glycoproteins and the encoding cdnas.	the reactivates of human sera with uninduced and phorbol ester (tpa)-induced human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8)-infected bcbl-1 cells were examined by immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and by radioimmunoprecipitation reactions (rip). the seroprevalence of hhv-8 infections is low in the united states general population and only low levels of hhv-8 antibodies were detected in the seropositive sera. in contrast, high levels of antibodies against hhv-8 lytic and latent antigens were detected by ifa in the ser ...	1998	9527930
emerging viruses.	an emerging virus is a term applied to a newly discovered virus, one that is increasing in incidence or with the potential to increase in incidence. many viruses fit into this definition. hiv is the clearest example of a previously unknown virus that has now produced one of the largest pandemics in history. recent advances have occurred in the identification and understanding of new hantaviruses in the americas, causing an acute respiratory disease. the possible causal role of human herpesvirus ...	1998	9529635
dendritic cells cultured from mononuclear cells and cd34 cells in myeloma do not harbour human herpesvirus 8.	dendritic cells (dc) are antigen-presenting cells with the potential to be a powerful adjuvant in the immunotherapy of haematological malignancy, including myeloma. recently, human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection of dendritic cells in the long-term bone marrow stromal cultures of patients with myeloma has been reported. this finding is of great potential importance regarding oncogenesis in myeloma in addition to having significant implications for the use of dc in the immunotherapy of this disea ...	1998	9531351
human herpesvirus 8 in premalignant and cancerous skin lesions in a japanese patient with adult t-cell leukaemia.		1998	9531356
human herpesvirus 8 group b and c variants circulating in são paulo, brazil.		1998	9535001
molecular and pathologic characterization of an aids-related body cavity-based lymphoma, including ultrastructural demonstration of human herpesvirus-8: a case report.	body cavity-based lymphoma, also known as primary effusion lymphoma, is a newly recognized acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related lymphoma that has been linked to the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv/hhv-8). to date, direct visualization of the virus in a clinical sample has not been demonstrated. we have performed an extensive clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, ultrastructural, and molecular genetic correlative study on multiple tissue samples obtained premortem and ...	1998	9537479
spectrum of aids-associated malignant disorders.		1998	9743013
lack of hhv-8 dna sequences in sarcoid tissues of french patients.		1998	9743199
transfusion virology: progress and challenges.	discoveries of new human viruses and new technologies for their detection have made, and will continue to make, major contributions to the safety of blood transfusion. this article discusses the practical issues involved in the implementation of additional serological screening tests for viruses such as human t-lymphotropic virus, and reviews current information on the prevalence and pathogenicity of more recently discovered viruses, such as hepatitis g virus (hgv) or gb virus-c (gbv-c) and huma ...	1998	9745887
[absence of hhv-8 virus detected in immature hemangiomas in infants].	the aim of our study was to search for the presence of hhv-8 dna sequences in biopsy specimens from hemangioma of the infancy.	1998	9747222
recent advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma.	multiple myeloma represents the second most common hematologic malignancy, with nearly 15,000 new cases each year in the united states. although further understanding of the pathogenesis of this b-cell malignancy has been made, the disease remains incurable with a median survival of approximately 3 years. the identification of new genetic events in the malignant cells themselves may lead to new potential therapies. moreover, recent identification of the new human herpesvirus 8 in the supporting ...	1998	9747631