Publications

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grapevine aquaporins: gating of a tonoplast intrinsic protein (tip2;1) by cytosolic ph.grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) is one of the oldest and most important perennial crops being considered as a fruit ligneous tree model system in which the water status appears crucial for high fruit and wine quality, controlling productivity and alcohol level. v. vinifera genome contains 28 genes coding for aquaporins, which acting in a concerted and regulated manner appear relevant for plant withstanding extremely unfavorable drought conditions essential for the quality of berries and wine. seve ...201222427995
volatile composition and sensory properties of vitis vinifera red cultivars from north west spain: correlation between sensory and instrumental analysis.the aroma and volatile composition of wines from five red cultivars from nw spain (brancellao, mencía, merenzao, mouratón and sousón) have been studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and sensory descriptive analysis (sda) during three consecutive vintages (2007-2009) in order to characterize these wines. in addition, relationships between the instrumental (volatile) and sensory variables were analyzed through the application of partial least squares regression (plsr). results re ...201222365127
multi-enzyme production by pure and mixed cultures of saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces yeasts during wine fermentation.saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces yeasts release enzymes that are able to transform neutral compounds of grape berries into active aromatic compounds, a process that enhances the sensory attributes of wines. so far, there exists only little information about enzymatic activity in mixed cultures of saccharomyces and non-saccharomyces during grape must fermentations. the aim of the present work was to determine the ability of yeasts to produce extracellular enzymes of enological relevance (β-glu ...201222326141
the mode of host resistance to plasmopara viticola infection of grapevines.abstract the resistance and susceptibility of grapevines to downy mildew (dm) disease caused by plasmopara viticola were compared among different cultivars/accessions belonging to vitis vinifera, v. rotundifolia, and 10 oriental vitis species. after inoculation with p. viticola pathogen, no symptom was found in v. rotundifolia grapevines at all, while oriental species v. davidii and v. piasezkii, like v. vinifera, were susceptible to dm disease. the other eight oriental vitis species showed vari ...201222877313
association of rga-sscp markers with resistance to downy mildew and anthracnose in grapevines.downy mildew (plasmopara viticola) and anthracnose (sphaceloma ampelinum) are two major diseases that severely affect most grapevine (vitis vinifera) cultivars grown commercially in thailand. progress of conventional breeding programs of grapevine for improved resistance to these diseases can be speeded up by selection of molecular markers associated with resistance traits. we evaluated the association between 13 resistance gene analog (rga)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) markers ...201222869536
a reference genetic map of muscadinia rotundifolia and identification of ren5, a new major locus for resistance to grapevine powdery mildew.muscadinia rotundifolia, a species closely related to cultivated grapevine vitis vinifera, is a major source of resistance to grapevine downy and powdery mildew, two major threats to cultivated traditional cultivars of v. vinifera respectively caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola and the ascomycete erisyphe necator. the aim of the present work was to develop a reference genetic linkage map based on simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers for m. rotundifolia. this map was created using s1 m. r ...201222865124
phenotypic and histochemical traits of the interaction between plasmopara viticola and resistant or susceptible grapevine varieties.grapevine downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, is a very serious disease affecting mainly vitis vinifera cultivated varieties around the world. breeding for resistance through the crossing with less susceptible species is one of the possible means to reduce the disease incidence and the application of fungicides. the hybrid bianca and some of its siblings are considered very promising but their resistance level can vary depending on the pathogen strain. moreover, virulent strains charact ...201222852828
separation and identification of highly fluorescent compounds derived from trans-resveratrol in the leaves of vitis vinifera infected by plasmopara viticola.a method for identification of highly fluorescent compounds in vine leaves infected by plasmopara viticola was developed using reversed phase liquid chromatography with simultaneous diode array and fluorometric detection. fluorescent compounds were extracted from leaves with a methanol-water mixture (70:30). separation by hplc was performed using a c(18) column and gradient elution with water-acetonitrile mixtures (20-80% of acetonitrile). the main unknown fluorescent compound was identified by ...201222395406
susceptibility to downy mildew in grape clusters: new microscopical and biochemical insights.grape clusters of different vitis genotypes, including vitis vinifera cvs chasselas and merlot, and two interspecific grape varieties, solaris (cvs. merzling* x (saperavi severneyi x muscat ottonel)) and 2091 (cvs. gamaret x bronner), are susceptible or resistant to downy mildew. these cultivars were inoculated with plasmopara viticola at three developmental stages (bbch stages 53, 69 and 75). samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy and the synthesis of stilbenes was measured. micr ...201222305077
discovery of novel rules for g-quadruplex-forming sequences in plants by using bioinformatics methods.the g-quadruplex is one of the most frequently studied secondary dna structures and consists of 4 guanine residues that interact through watson-crick and hoogsteen pairing. the g-quadruplex formation is thought to be a molecular switch for gene expression. genome-wide analyses of g-quadruplexes have been published for many species; however, only one genome-wide analysis of g-quadruplexes in plants has been reported. here, we propose a new approach involving a two-step procedure for identifying g ...201222721688
computational analysis and characterization of uce-like elements (ules) in plant genomes.ultraconserved elements (uces), stretches of dna that are identical between distantly related species, are enigmatic genomic features whose function is not well understood. first identified and characterized in mammals, uces have been proposed to play important roles in gene regulation, rna processing, and maintaining genome integrity. however, because all of these functions can tolerate some sequence variation, their ultraconserved and ultraselected nature is not explained. we investigated whet ...201222987666
molecular cloning and functional analysis of two fad2 genes from american grape (vitis labrusca l.).the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas), the most abundant fatty acids in plants, begins with a reaction catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase 2 (fad2; ec 1.3.1.35), also called microsomal oleate δ12-desaturase. since the fad2 gene was first identified in arabidopsis thaliana, fad2 research has gained wide interest as the essential enzyme for synthesizing pufa. grapes are one of the most frequently cultivated fruits in the world, with most commercial growers cultivating vitis vinifera ...201222955034
molecular cloning, sequence characterization of a novel pepper gene nadp-icdh and its effect on cytoplasmic male sterility.nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (nadp-icdh) is an important enzyme involved in energy metabolism. the complete coding sequence of the pepper (capsicum annuum) nadp-icdh gene was amplified using a reverse transcriptase pcr based on the conserved sequence information of the tomato and other solanaceae plants and known highly homologous pepper ests. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the pepper nadp-icdh gene encodes a protein of 415 amino acids that has high homology with the prote ...201222653649
conserved noncoding sequences highlight shared components of regulatory networks in dicotyledonous plants.conserved noncoding sequences (cnss) in dna are reliable pointers to regulatory elements controlling gene expression. using a comparative genomics approach with four dicotyledonous plant species (arabidopsis thaliana, papaya [carica papaya], poplar [populus trichocarpa], and grape [vitis vinifera]), we detected hundreds of cnss upstream of arabidopsis genes. distinct positioning, length, and enrichment for transcription factor binding sites suggest these cnss play a functional role in transcript ...201223110901
ancestral synteny shared between distantly-related plant species from the asterid (coffea canephora and solanum sp.) and rosid (vitis vinifera) clades.coffee trees (rubiaceae) and tomato (solanaceae) belong to the asterid clade, while grapevine (vitaceae) belongs to the rosid clade. coffee and tomato separated from grapevine 125 million years ago, while coffee and tomato diverged 83-89 million years ago. these long periods of divergent evolution should have permitted the genomes to reorganize significantly. so far, very few comparative mappings have been performed between very distantly related species belonging to different clades. we report ...201222433423
differences between sympatric populations of eotetranychus carpini collected from vitis vinifera and carpinus betulus: insights from host-switch experiments and molecular data.eotetranychus carpini (oudemans) is an important pest of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) in southern europe. this mite is also found on a number of different plants, including carpinus betulus l., which commonly occurs in stands and hedgerows bordering vineyards, where it may serve as a potential mite reservoir. the economic importance of this pest has motivated a number of studies aimed at investigating whether the mites found on v. vinifera and c. betulus are conspecific. the results obtained to ...201222270111
an integrated approach to demonstrating the anr pathway of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in plants.proanthocyanidins (pas) are oligomers or polymers of plant flavan-3-ols and are important to plant adaptation in extreme environmental conditions. the characterization of anthocyanidin reductase (anr) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar) has demonstrated the different biogenesis of four stereo-configurations of flavan-3-ols. it is important to understand whether anr and the anr pathway widely occur in the plant kingdom. here, we report an integrated approach to demonstrate the anr pathway in p ...201222678031
soil application of neonicotinoid insecticides for control of insect pests in wine grape vineyards.soil application of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides can provide opportunities for long-term control of insect pests in vineyards, with minimal risk of pesticide drift or worker exposure. this study compared the effectiveness of neonicotinoid insecticides applied via irrigation injection on key early-season and mid-season insect pests of vineyards in the eastern united states.201222290809
effects of introducing threatened falcons into vineyards on abundance of passeriformes and bird damage to grapes.agricultural landscapes are becoming an important focus of animal conservation, although initiatives to conserve predators to date have rarely provided economic benefits to agricultural producers. we examined whether introduction to vineyards of the new zealand falcon (falco novaeseelandiae), a species listed as threatened by the new zealand department of conservation, affected the abundance of 4 species of passeriformes that are considered vineyard pests or affected the amount of economic loss ...201222010952
alternaria sp. mg1, a resveratrol-producing fungus: isolation, identification, and optimal cultivation conditions for resveratrol production.due to its potential in preventing or slowing the occurrence of many diseases, resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) has attracted great research interest. the objective of this study was to identify microorganisms from selected plants that produce resveratrol and to optimize the conditions for resveratrol production. endophytes from merlot wine grapes (vitis vinifera l. cv. merlot), wild vitis (vitis quinquangularis rehd.), and japanese knotweed (polygonum cuspidatum siebold & zucc.) were iso ...201222526800
antispila oinophylla new species (lepidoptera, heliozelidae), a new north american grapevine leafminer invading italian vineyards: taxonomy, dna barcodes and life cycle.a grapevine leafminer antispila oinophylla van nieukerken & wagner, sp. n., is described both from eastern north america (type locality: georgia) and as a new important invader in north italian vineyards (trentino and veneto region) since 2006. the species is closely related to, and previously confused with antispila ampelopsifoliella chambers, 1874, a species feeding on virginia creeper parthenocissus quinquefolia (l.) planchon., and both are placed in an informal antispila ampelopsifoliella gr ...201222408380
metnet online: a novel integrated resource for plant systems biology.plants are important as foods, pharmaceuticals, biorenewable chemicals, fuel resources, bioremediation tools and general tools for recombinant technology. the study of plant biological pathways is advanced by easy access to integrated data sources. today, various plant data sources are scattered throughout the web, making it increasingly complicated to build comprehensive datasets.201223066841
gut microbial metabolism of polyphenols from black tea and red wine/grape juice is source-specific and colon-region dependent.the colonic microbial degradation of a polyphenol-rich black tea extract (bte) and red wine/grape juice extract (rwge) was compared in a five-stage in vitro gastrointestinal model (twinshime). microbial metabolism of bte and rwge polyphenols in the twinshime was studied subsequently in single- and continuous-dose experiments. a combination of liquid or gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (lc-ms or gc-ms) and nmr-based metabolic profiling was used to measure selected parent polyphenols, the ...201223072624
unraveling the roles of cbf1, cbf4 and dehydrin 1 genes in the response of table grapes to high co₂ levels and low temperature.cbfs (c-repeat binding factors) are transcription factors that are rapidly induced by low temperature and that recognize the crt/dre element in the promoter of a set of cold regulated genes, the cbf regulon. dehydrins are proteins that accumulate in plants under stress conditions, such as low temperature, and some form part of the cbf regulon. to investigate their role in the response of table grape clusters to 0°c long storage as well as to 3-day high co₂ postharvest treatment, we isolated two ...201222341570
auxin-nonresponsive grape aux/iaa19 is a positive regulator of plant growth.we report the characterization of vviaa19, an auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (aux/iaa) protein, in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). vviaa19 was expressed abundantly in berries. vviaa19 transcription was rapidly increased at pre-anthesis and then decreased during fruit set. before véraison, however, vviaa19 gene expression was upregulated again and maximum expression was maintained until the end of ripening. exogenous iaa did not induce vviaa19 expression in grape leaves, suggesting that vviaa19 might ...201221562765
auxin-responsive grape aux/iaa9 regulates transgenic arabidopsis plant growth.we report the characterization of vviaa9, an auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (aux/iaa) protein, in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). vviaa9 was expressed abundantly in leaves and berries. vviaa9 transcription was drastically upregulated from anthesis to onset of ripening (termed véraison), in which berry diameter rapidly increased. treatment with exogenous iaa induced vviaa9 expression in grape leaves, suggesting that vviaa9 is an auxin-responsive aux/iaa protein. the overexpression of vviaa9 in arabido ...201222535320
the e-class ppr protein mef3 of arabidopsis thaliana can also function in mitochondrial rna editing with an additional dyw domain.in plants, rna editing is observed in mitochondria and plastids, changing selected c nucleotides into us in both organelles. we here identify the ppr (pentatricopeptide repeat) protein mef3 (mitochondrial editing factor 3) of the e domain ppr subclass by genetic mapping of a variation between ecotypes columbia (col) and landsberg erecta (ler) in arabidopsis thaliana to be required for a specific rna editing event in mitochondria. the ler variant of mef3 differs from col in two amino acids in rep ...201222186180
crystal structure of an indole-3-acetic acid amido synthetase from grapevine involved in auxin homeostasis.auxins are important for plant growth and development, including the control of fruit ripening. conjugation to amino acids by indole-3-acetic acid (iaa)-amido synthetases is an important part of auxin homeostasis. the structure of the auxin-conjugating gretchen hagen3-1 (gh3-1) enzyme from grapevine (vitis vinifera), in complex with an inhibitor (adenosine-5'-[2-(1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]phosphate), is presented. comparison with a previously published benzoate-conjugating enzyme from arabidopsis thal ...201223136372
the grapevine root-specific aquaporin vvpip2;4n controls root hydraulic conductance and leaf gas exchange under well-watered conditions but not under water stress.we functionally characterized the grape (vitis vinifera) vvpip2;4n (for plasma membrane intrinsic protein) aquaporin gene. expression of vvpip2;4n in xenopus laevis oocytes increased their swelling rate 54-fold. northern blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that vvpip2;4n is the most expressed pip2 gene in root. in situ hybridization confirmed root localization in the cortical parenchyma and close to the endodermis. we then constitutively overexpr ...201222923680
trehalose metabolism is activated upon chilling in grapevine and might participate in burkholderia phytofirmans induced chilling tolerance.during the last decade, there has been growing interest in the role of trehalose metabolism in tolerance to abiotic stress in higher plants, especially cold stress. so far, this metabolism has not yet been studied in vitis vinifera l., despite the economic importance of this crop. the goal of this paper was to investigate the involvement of trehalose metabolism in the response of grapevine to chilling stress, and to compare the response in plants bacterised with burkholderia phytofirmans strain ...201222367062
in silico identification of novel hevein-like peptide precursors.lectins are proteins with ability to bind reversibly and non-enzymatically to a specific carbohydrate. they are involved in numerous biological processes and show enormous biotechnological potential. among plant lectins, the hevein domain is extremely common, being observed in several kinds of lectins. moreover, this domain is also observed in an important class of antimicrobial peptides named hevein-like peptides. due to higher cysteine residues conservation, hevein-like peptides could be mined ...201222981805
identification of the dehydrin gene family from grapevine species and analysis of their responsiveness to various forms of abiotic and biotic stress.dehydrins (dhns) protect plant cells from desiccation damage during environmental stress, and also participate in host resistance to various pathogens. in this study, we aimed to identify and characterize the dhn gene families from vitis vinifera and wild v. yeshanensis, which is tolerant to both drought and cold, and moderately resistant to powdery mildew.201222882870
linkage disequilibrium and spatial aggregation of genotypes in sexually reproducing populations of erysiphe necator.random mating and recombination in heterothallic ascomycetes should result in high genotypic diversity, 1:1 mating-type ratios, and random associations of alleles, or linkage equilibrium, at different loci. to test for random mating in populations of the grape powdery mildew fungus erysiphe necator, we sampled isolates from vineyards of vitis vinifera in burdett, ny (ny09) and winchester, va (va09) at the end of the epidemic in fall 2009. we also sampled isolates from the same winchester, va vin ...201222755546
phenolics and their antifungal role in grapevine wood decay: focus on the botryosphaeriaceae family.the interaction between vitis vinifera and trunk disease fungi requires better understanding. we studied the role of phenolics as possible plant defense compounds in this context. the impact of 24 grapevine phenolic compounds was determined on 6 major wood decay fungi by an in vitro agar plate assay. hydroxystilbenoids, especially oligomers such as miyabenol c, isohopeaphenol, and vitisin a and b, greatly reduced the growth of the fungi, except that of phaeoacremonium aleophilum . a detailed inv ...201223145924
transcriptional expression of stilbene synthase genes are regulated developmentally and differentially in response to powdery mildew in norton and cabernet sauvignon grapevine.stilbenic compounds are natural phytoalexins that have antimicrobial activities in plant defense against pathogens. stilbene synthase (sts) is the key enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of stilbenic compounds. grapevine genome contains a family of preliminarily annotated 35 sts genes, the regulation of each sts gene needs to be studied to define their roles. in this study, we selected eight sts genes, sts8, sts27/31, sts16/22, sts13/17/23, and applied quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( ...201223116673
developing tools to unravel the biological secrets of rosellinia necatrix, an emergent threat to woody crops.white root rot caused by rosellinia necatrix is one of the most destructive diseases of many woody plants in the temperate regions of the world, particularly in europe and asia. recent outbreaks of r. necatrix around the globe have increased the interest in this pathogen. although the ecology of the disease has been poorly studied, recent genetic and molecular advances have opened the way for future detailed studies of this fungus.201222014332
varietal and pre-fermentative volatiles during ripening of vitis vinifera cv nebbiolo berries from three growing areas.flavour analysis of grape is a key step in quality evaluation. the stir bar sorptive extraction technique (sbse, 'twister'®) was used to assess varietal and pre-fermentative volatile accumulation in 'nebbiolo' berries, from véraison to harvest. grapes were collected in three vineyards, representing different 'crus' in the cultivation areas of barolo, barbaresco and roero (north-west italy). volatile constituents of grapes were identified and quantified by gc-ms. we demonstrate the influence exer ...201222980811
effect of harvesting system and fruit cold storage on virgin olive oil chemical composition and quality of superintensive cultivated 'arbequina' olives.storage at 3 and 18 °c of 'arbequina' olives (olea europaea l.) cultivated in hedgerows and harvested manually or mechanically (wine grape harvester) was tested. fruit characteristics and oil quality were monitored. mechanical harvesting caused internal fruit damage that induced its rapid softening and decay, but also facilitated obtaining higher amounts of oil, which suffered a rapid deterioration during fruit storage. this oil presented lower tocopherol and phenol contents and lower oxidative ...201222506860
colonization of vitis spp. wood by sgfp-transformed phaeomoniella chlamydospora, a tracheomycotic fungus involved in esca disease.to evaluate wood colonization and interactions with vitis spp. of phaeomoniella chlamydospora, a fungal agent involved in esca disease, isolate cbs 229.95 was transformed using a pct74 construct which contained the genetic markers for synthetic green fluorescent protein (sgfp) and hygromycin b phosphotransferase. nine stable p. chlamydospora fungal transformants (pch-sgfp lines) were obtained using polyethylene-glycol-mediated transformation of protoplasts. these were characterized for sgfp and ...201222316358
phenolic contents and compositions in skins of red wine grape cultivars among various genetic backgrounds and originations.in order to analyze and compare the phenolic characteristics of red wine grapes with diverse genetic backgrounds, skin phenolics among 21 different cultivars belonging to vitis vinifera l., east asian and north american vitis species and hybrids, as well as 2 varieties of muscadine grapes were estimated by hplc-ms/ms. there were 45 anthocyanins, 28 flavonols, 8 flavan-3-ols, 9 cinnamic acids, 5 benzoic acids, 5 ellagic acids and 2 stilbenes detected in all the samples. total contents of each phe ...201222489164
mapping of crown gall resistance locus rcg1 in grapevine.agrobacteria are efficient plant pathogens. they are able to transform plant cells genetically resulting in abnormal cell proliferation. cultivars of vitis vinifera are highly susceptible to many virulent agrobacterium strains but certain wild vitis species, including vitis amurensis have resistant genotypes. studies of the molecular background of such natural resistance are of special importance, not only for practical benefits in agricultural practice but also for understanding the role of pla ...201222801874
comparison of a retrotransposon-based marker with microsatellite markers for discriminating accessions of vitis vinifera.identification and knowledge concerning genetic diversity are fundamental for efficient management and use of grapevine germplasm. recently, new types of molecular markers have been developed, such as retrotransposon-based markers. because of their multilocus pattern, retrotransposon-based markers might be able to differentiate grapevine accessions with just one pair of primers. in order to evaluate the efficiency of this type of marker, we compared retrotransposon marker tvv1 with seven microsa ...201222653601
supercritical extraction from vinification residues: fatty acids, α-tocopherol, and phenolic compounds in the oil seeds from different varieties of grape.supercritical fluid extraction has been widely employed in the extraction of high purity substances. in this study, we used the technology to obtain oil from seeds from a variety of grapes, from vinification residues generated in the southern region of the state of rio grande do sul, brazil. this work encompasses three varieties of vitis vinifera (moscato giallo, merlot, and cabernet sauvignon) and two of vitis labrusca (bordô e isabel), harvested in 2005 and 2006. we obtained the highest oil co ...201222593706
molecular cloning and expression of gene encoding aromatic amino acid decarboxylase in 'vidal blanc' grape berries.the pleasantly fruity and floral 2-phenylethanol are a dominant aroma compound in post-ripening 'vidal blanc' grapes. however, to date little has been reported about its synthetic pathway in grapevine. in the present study, a full-length cdna of vvaadc (encoding aromatic amino acid decarboxylase) was firstly cloned from the berries of 'vidal blanc', an interspecific hybrid variety of vitis vinifera × vitis riparia. this sequence encodes a complete open reading frame of 482 amino acids with a cal ...201221789483
anthocyanin identification and composition of wild vitis spp. accessions by using lc-ms and lc-nmr.the composition and concentration of anthocyanins of grape berry skins were analyzed in order to assess phenotypic variation between four grape wine varieties belonging to 4 different species: vitis vinifera, vitis amurensis, vitis cinerea and vitis x champinii. high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (lc-ms) and nmr spectroscopy (lc-nmr) were used to separate and identify the structure of anthocyanins present in these species. combination of lc-ms and lc-nmr data res ...201222688046
identification of micrornas from amur grape (vitis amurensis rupr.) by deep sequencing and analysis of microrna variations with bioinformatics.microrna (mirna) is a class of functional non-coding small rna with 19-25 nucleotides in length while amur grape (vitis amurensis rupr.) is an important wild fruit crop with the strongest cold resistance among the vitis species, is used as an excellent breeding parent for grapevine, and has elicited growing interest in wine production. to date, there is a relatively large number of grapevine mirnas (vv-mirnas) from cultivated grapevine varieties such as vitis vinifera l. and hybrids of v. vinife ...201222455456
molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of the udp-glucose: flavonoid 3-o-glucosyltransferase from concord grape (vitis labrusca).glucosylation of anthocyanidin substrates at the 3-o-position is crucial for the red pigmentation of grape berries and wine. the gene that encodes the enzyme involved in this reaction has been cloned from vitis labrusca cv. concord, heterologously expressed, and the recombinant enzyme (rvl3gt) was characterized. vl3gt has 96% amino acid sequence identity with vitis vinifera vv3gt and groups phylogenetically with several other flavonoid 3-o-glycosyltransferases. in vitro substrate specificity stu ...201222098678
a framework genetic map of muscadinia rotundifolia.this study presents a framework linkage map based on microsatellite markers for muscadinia rotundifolia (1n = 20). the mapping population consisted of 206 progeny generated from a cross of two m. rotundifolia varieties, 'fry' and 'trayshed'. a total of 884 primers were tested for their ability to amplify markers: 686 amplified and 312 simple sequence repeat (ssr) primer pairs generated 322 polymorphic markers for either one or both parents. the map for the female parent 'fry' consisted of 212 ma ...201222688272
characterization of red wines from south america based on sensory properties and antioxidant activity.it is widely accepted that red wines constitute one of the most important sources of dietary polyphenolic antioxidants. however, it is still not known how some variables such as variety, vintage, country of origin, and retail price are associated with the antioxidant activity and sensory profile of south american red wines. in this regard, 80 samples produced in brazil, chile and argentina were assessed in relation to their sensory properties, color and in vitro antioxidant activity, and results ...201221969030
rootstock control of scion transpiration and its acclimation to water deficit are controlled by different genes.the stomatal control of transpiration is one of the major strategies by which plants cope with water stress. here, we investigated the genetic architecture of the rootstock control of scion transpiration-related traits over a period of 3 yr. the rootstocks studied were full sibs from a controlled interspecific cross (vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon × vitis riparia cv. gloire de montpellier), onto which we grafted a single scion genotype. after 10 d without stress, the water supply was prog ...201222335501
monitoring melatonin and its isomer in vitis vinifera cv. malbec by uhplc-ms/ms from grape to bottle.several studies have shown the presence of melatonin and related compounds in grapes and wines. the latter provides evidence of the possibility to enhance the nutraceutical properties of premium wines. however, there are many external factors that can influence the levels of this indolamine in grape and wines. in this study, the monitoring of melatonin and its tentatively identified isomer was carried out during the entire winemaking process in vitis vinifera cv. malbec by ultra high-performance ...201222225625
fruit ripening in vitis vinifera: light intensity before and not during ripening determines the concentration of 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine in cabernet sauvignon berries.the roles of light and temperature in the accumulation of the vegetal impact compound 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine (mibp) in grape (vitis vinifera l.) berries were determined. individual clusters were exposed to various light intensities using neutral density shade cloth before ripening, during ripening or throughout the season in three growing seasons. a recently developed method using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gc-ms in the selected ion-monitoring mode was employed to ...201222224579
differential effects of grape ( vitis vinifera ) skin polyphenolics on human platelet aggregation and low-density lipoprotein oxidation.antioxidant and antiplatelet properties of grape products are thought to be responsible for observed antiatherosclerotic effects. diverse classes of phenolics are derived from the seed and skin (gsk) of grapes. the relative contributions of the classes of phenolics to observed properties of grape products are unknown. in this paper, gsk fractions were used to examine effects on platelet aggregation, low-density lipoprotein (ldl) oxidation in vitro, and relative binding of phenolics to ldl. gsk w ...201222224546
stomatal response of an anisohydric grapevine cultivar to evaporative demand, available soil moisture and abscisic acid.stomatal responsiveness to evaporative demand (air vapour pressure deficit (vpd)) ranges widely between species and cultivars, and mechanisms for stomatal control in response to vpd remain obscure. the interaction of irrigation and soil moisture with vpd on stomatal conductance is particularly difficult to predict, but nevertheless is critical to instantaneous transpiration and vulnerability to desiccation. stomatal sensitivity to vpd and soil moisture was investigated in semillon, an anisohydri ...201222199014
a leaf gas exchange model that accounts for intra-canopy variability by considering leaf nitrogen content and local acclimation to radiation in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.).understanding the distribution of gas exchange within a plant is a prerequisite for scaling up from leaves to canopies. we evaluated whether leaf traits were reliable predictors of the effects of leaf ageing and leaf irradiance on leaf photosynthetic capacity (v(cmax) , j(max) ) in field-grown vines (vitis vinifera l). simultaneously, we measured gas exchange, leaf mass per area (lma) and nitrogen content (n(m) ) of leaves at different positions within the canopy and at different phenological st ...201222329397
characterization of genomic sequence showing strong association with polyembryony among diverse citrus species and cultivars, and its synteny with vitis and populus.polyembryony, in which multiple somatic nucellar cell-derived embryos develop in addition to the zygotic embryo in a seed, is common in the genus citrus. previous genetic studies indicated polyembryony is mainly determined by a single locus, but the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. as a step towards identification and characterization of the gene or genes responsible for nucellar embryogenesis in citrus, haplotype-specific physical maps around the polyembryony locus were construc ...201222195586
structural characterization of polysaccharides isolated from grape stalks of vitis vinifera l.the main structural polysaccharides of grape stalks are cellulose, heteroxylan, and glucan. cellulose contributes 30.3% of grape stalk matter and has an unusually high degree of the crystallinity (75.4%). among hemicelluloses, xylan was the most abundant one, contributing ∼12% to the weight. the heteroxylan was isolated from the corresponding peracetic holocellulose by dmso extraction followed by precipitation in ethanol. the m(w) of heteroxylan (19.0 kda) was assessed by size exclusion chromato ...201222398255
antioxidant capacity and inhibitory effect of grape seed and rosemary extract in marinades on the formation of heterocyclic amines in fried beef patties.the effect of oil-based marinades containing grape seed extract (vitis vinifera l.; 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 g/100g) formulated in a water/oil emulsion or rosemary extract (rosmarinus officinalis; 0.12, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0 and 1.5 g/100g) in oil on the formation of heterocyclic amines (has) in fried beef patties was examined. after application of marinades and frying, four has meiqx (2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline), phip (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5b]pyridine), norharman, and harm ...201223107689
proanthocyanidin composition and antioxidant potential of the stem winemaking byproducts from 10 different grape varieties (vitis vinifera l.).stem byproducts from 10 different grape (vitis vinifera l.) varieties were evaluated in terms of their total phenolic and total proanthocyanidin contents, flavan-3-ol and proanthocyanidin profiles, and antioxidant capacity measured by abts, cuprac, frap, and orac assays, with a view to the recovery of their natural bioactive compounds. stems from callet, syrah, premsal blanc, parellada, and manto negro varieties yielded the highest total phenolic and total proanthocyanidin contents and showed th ...201223101762
stereoselective dissipation of epoxiconazole in grape (vitis vinifera cv. kyoho) and soil under field conditions.stereoselective dissipation of epoxiconazole had been studied in grape and soil during plant growing under field conditions in this paper. a sensitive and rapid chiral method was developed and validated for the determination of epoxiconazole stereoisomers in grape and soil based on liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). phenomenex lux cellulose-1 column was used for enantioseparation with a mixture of acetonitrile/water (90/10, v/v) as mobile phase at ...201222414382
interactions between light and growing season temperatures on, growth and development and gas exchange of semillon (vitis vinifera l.) vines grown in an irrigated vineyard.high-light intensities and temperatures of the warm climate regions of australia and elsewhere have a major effect on the growth and development of grapevines (vitis vinifera l.). the objective of this research was to assess interactions between the light and seasonal temperatures by shading some vines and comparing these with vines exposed to high-light intensities. canopy temperatures were monitored using infrared radiometers and budbreak, phenology, growth, yield, berry ripening and gas excha ...201222381656
genetic and biochemical differentiation in vitis vinifera (kabarcik) populations grown at different altitudes in coruh valley.we examined genetic differences of four vitis vinifera populations (a, b, c, d) including local kabarcik cultivar grown along an altitude gradient of 800, 900, 1000, and 1150 m above sea level in the coruh valley (800 m: a population; 900 m: b population; 1000 m: c population; 1150 m: d population). leaf samples were used for both rapd and fatty acid analysis. a total of 60 individuals with 15 individuals per population were included in this study. rapd analyses showed various band sizes, which ...201222370888
co-transformation of grapevine somatic embryos to produce transgenic plants free of marker genes.a cotransformation system using somatic embryos was developed to produce grapevines free of selectable marker genes. this was achieved by transforming vitis vinifera l. "thompson seedless" somatic embryos with a mixture of two agrobacterium strains. the first strain contained a binary plasmid with an egfp gene of interest between the t-dna borders. the second strain harbored the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii) gene for positive selection and the cytosine deaminase (coda) gene for negative se ...201222351010
analysis of expressed sequence tags from grapevine flower and fruit and development of simple sequence repeat markers.a total of 6,230 est sequences were produced from 7,561 clones in a cdna library generated from grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. 'summer black') flower and fruit tissues in this study. after cluster and assembly analysis of the datasets, 3,582 unigenes (genbank accession numbers gw836604-gw840185) were established, among which 381 were new grapevine est sequences. out of the 381 new ests, 289 could be mapped on the 19 grapevine chromosomes. 913 unique ests with known or putative functions were assi ...201222318547
r2r3 myb transcription factors: key regulators of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in grapevine.flavonoids compose one of the most abundant and important subgroups of secondary metabolites with more than 6,000 compounds detected so far in higher plants. they are found in various compositions and concentrations in nearly all plant tissues. besides the attraction of pollinators and dispersers to fruits and flowers, flavonoids also protect against a plethora of stresses including pathogen attack, wounding and uv irradiation. flavonoid content and composition of fruits such as grapes, bilberri ...201222307206
determination of genetic diversity of vitis vinifera cv. kabarcik populations from the coruh valley using ssr markers.northeastern turkey is recognized as one of the most important germplasm centers for the grape in the world. in the present study, simple sequence repeat markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity between four vitis vinifera cv. kabarcik populations sampled from the coruh valley in turkey, at altitudes of 800-1,150 m. the mean observed number of alleles per locus varied from 2 (loci vvmd7 and vvmd24) to 6 (vvs2) among populations. the population from the highest altitude showed the g ...201222298355
light quality affects flavonoid biosynthesis in young berries of cabernet sauvignon grape.biosynthesis of phenolic compounds is known to be sensitive to light environments, which reflects the possible role of these compounds for photoprotection in plants. herein, the effects of uv and visible light on biosynthesis of flavonoids was investigated, i.e., proanthocyanidins (pas) and flavonols, in young berry skins of a red-wine grape, vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon. shading with light-proof boxes from the flowering stage until 49 days after treatment (dat) partially decreased pa c ...201222455871
contrasting physiological effects of partial root zone drying in field-grown grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv. monastrell) according to total soil water availability.different spatial distributions of soil moisture were imposed on field-grown grapevines by applying the same irrigation volumes to the entire (di; deficit irrigation) or part of the (prd; partial root zone drying) root zone. five treatments were applied: controls irrigated at 60% etc (crop evapotranspiration) for the whole season (308 mm year(-1)); di-1 and prd-1 that received the same irrigation as controls before fruit set, 30% etc from fruit set to harvest and 45% etc post-harvest (192 mm yea ...201222451721
does homeostasis or disturbance of homeostasis in minimum leaf water potential explain the isohydric versus anisohydric behavior of vitis vinifera l. cultivars? 201222427373
implementation of response surface methodology to assess the antiradical behaviour in mixtures of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol with grape (vitis vinifera) stem extracts.the efficiency of grape stem extracts to express antiradical activity was assessed using two different approaches and dpph as the radical probe. in addition, the mixture effects when the extracts were combined with ascorbic acid (aa) and α-tocopherol (α-tcp) were also evaluated. the approaches included a simple linear regression analysis between the response (antiradical activity) and concentration, but also a response surface methodology, which permitted the monitoring of the response upon simu ...201226434301
aroma potential of brancellao grapes from different cluster positions.in this study the presence of aroma compounds in grapes of brancellao (vitis vinifera l.) was investigated in order to obtain its aroma potential fingerprint. it is well known that differences exist in aromatic compounds amongst grapevine varieties at ripening stages. within the framework of an increasingly competitive market, the chance of obtaining different wines from vines of the same variety grown at the same vineyard is becoming of increasing importance. this can be done through the managi ...201226434270
modulation of doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress by a grape (vitis vinifera l.) seed extract in normal and tumor cells.the major limitation of doxorubicin (dox) clinical use is the development of chronic and acute toxic side effects induced through the generation of reactive oxygen species. the present work was designated to investigate in vitro effects of a red grape-seed hydroethanolic extract burgund mare (bm), in associated administration with dox (30 min before drug administration) in normal (hfl-1) and tumor cell lines (hepg2 and mls). the bm concentrations administered were below the level of the extract ...201222519870
differentiation of vitis vinifera l. and hybrid red grapes by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analysis of berry skin anthocyanins.among the methods that have been developed for anthocyanin characterization, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) offers several analytical advantages in terms of speed, minimal sample handling, specificity, and reliability, without requiring any previous chromatographic separation. this study used maldi-tof ms to profile the anthocyanins from the berry skins of 23 red grape varieties clustered as (i) authentic vitis vinifera grapes, (ii) am ...201222512639
no evidence for an open vessel effect in centrifuge-based vulnerability curves of a long-vesselled liana (vitis vinifera).vulnerability to cavitation curves are used to estimate xylem cavitation resistance and can be constructed using multiple techniques. it was recently suggested that a technique that relies on centrifugal force to generate negative xylem pressures may be susceptible to an open vessel artifact in long-vesselled species. here, we used custom centrifuge rotors to measure different sample lengths of 1-yr-old stems of grapevine to examine the influence of open vessels on vulnerability curves, thus tes ...201222448870
virus-derived gene expression and rna interference vector for grapevine.the improvement of the agricultural and wine-making qualities of the grapevine (vitis vinifera) is hampered by adherence to traditional varieties, the recalcitrance of this plant to genetic modifications, and public resistance to genetically modified organism (gmo) technologies. to address these challenges, we developed an rna virus-based vector for the introduction of desired traits into grapevine without heritable modifications to the genome. this vector expresses recombinant proteins in the p ...201222438553
protective effect of öküzgözü (vitis vinifera l. cv.) grape juice against carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress in rats.the consumption of fruits plays an important role as a health protecting factor. grapes (vitis vinifera l.) are believed to have health benefits due to their antioxidant activity. öküzgözü is the largest among the grape varieties grown in turkey. carbon tetrachloride (ccl₄) causes free radical generation in many tissues such as the liver, kidney, heart, lung, testis, brain and blood. ursodeoxycholic acid (udca) is the only drug to treat primary biliary cirrhosis, but the effects remain controver ...201222434241
transposable elements are a major cause of somatic polymorphism in vitis vinifera l.through multiple vegetative propagation cycles, clones accumulate mutations in somatic cells that are at the origin of clonal phenotypic diversity in grape. clonal diversity provided clones such as cabernet-sauvignon n°470, chardonnay n° 548 and pinot noir n° 777 which all produce wines of superior quality. the economic impact of clonal selection is therefore very high: since approx. 95% of the grapevines produced in french nurseries originate from the french clonal selection. in this study we p ...201222427919
metabolism of terpenes in the response of grape (vitis vinifera l.) leaf tissues to uv-b radiation.this study investigated the terpene profiles as determined by gc-eims analysis of in vitro cultured plants of vitis vinifera exposed to a "field-like" dose of uv-b (4.75 kj m(-2)d(-1)) administered at two different fluence rates (low, 16 h at 8.25 μw cm(-2), and high 4 h at 33 μw cm(-2)). low uv-b treatment increased levels of the membrane-related triterpenes sitosterol, stigmasterol and lupeol, more notable in young leaves, suggesting elicitation of a mechanism for grapevine acclimation. by con ...201222277733
combined elicitation of methyl-jasmonate and red light on stilbene and anthocyanin biosynthesis.vitis vinifera cell suspensions are a suitable system to study the metabolic regulation of a large range of polyphenols, including flavonoids and stilbenes that play important roles in plant development. grape cv. barbera petioles cell cultures were treated with red light and 10 μm methyl-jasmonate (meja), alone or in combination, to investigate their influence and/or induction effect on the production of anthocyanins, catechins and free and mono-glucosylated stilbenes. the synthesis of total an ...201222424571
candidate genes within a 143 kb region of the flower sex locus in vitis.wild vitis species are dioecious plants, while the cultivated counterpart, vitis vinifera subspec. vinifera, generally shows hermaphroditic flowers. in vitis the genetic determinants of flower sex have previously been mapped to a region on chromosome 2. in a combined strategy of map-based cloning and the use of the publicly available grapevine reference genome sequence, the structure of the grapevine flower sex locus has been elucidated with the subsequent identification of candidate genes which ...201222258113
phenolic concentrations and antioxidant properties of wines made from north american grapes grown in china.the characteristics of wine phenolics found in several north american and (for comparison) european grape cultivars grown in china were analyzed. this was done to find non-vitis vinifera wines with prominent features in order to diversify the kinds of wines. the phenolic richness and antioxidant activity decreased in the order: red > rose > white wines. in the red wines, the american grape 'cynthiana' had the highest total concentrations of phenols, anthocyanins, flavonols and phenolic acids, as ...201222418931
transcriptome variation along bud development in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.).vegetative buds provide plants in temperate environments the possibility for growth and reproduction when environmental conditions are favorable. in grapevine, crucial developmental events take place within buds during two growing seasons in consecutive years. the first season, the shoot apical meristem within the bud differentiates all the basic elements of the shoot including flowering transition in lateral primordia and development of inflorescence primordia. these events practically end with ...201223035802
free and bound aroma compounds characterization by gc-ms of negroamaro wine as affected by soil management.negroamaro is an autochthonous wine grape variety of southern italy, which is becoming very important for the italian wine market. the wine aroma is primary affected by the chemical composition of grapes, which can be influenced also by agronomic practices such as soil management. in this study, the free and bound aroma characterization was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses, and the influence of two soil managements (cover cropping and soil tillage) was evaluated. a tota ...201222972778
structural, functional, and evolutionary analysis of the unusually large stilbene synthase gene family in grapevine.stilbenes are a small family of phenylpropanoids produced in a number of unrelated plant species, including grapevine (vitis vinifera). in addition to their participation in defense mechanisms in plants, stilbenes, such as resveratrol, display important pharmacological properties and are postulated to be involved in the health benefits associated with a moderate consumption of red wine. stilbene synthases (stss), which catalyze the biosynthesis of the stilbene backbone, seem to have evolved from ...201222961129
isorhapontigenin: a novel bioactive stilbene from wine grapes.stilbenes are a family of bioactive compounds found in plants. however, only a few stilbenes are present in the human diet. grape and wine are the main dietary source of stilbenes, resveratrol and piceid being the most common ones. ultraviolet c light (uvc) postharvest treatment was used to obtain significantly increased stilbene concentration in grapes. a new, previously undescribed-in-grapes stilbene was found after uvc treatment. the process followed to isolate and identify this unknown stilb ...201222953865
large-scale characterization of promoters from grapevine (vitis spp.) using quantitative anthocyanin and gus assay systems.successful implementation of cisgenic/intragenic/ingenic technology for crop improvement necessitates a better understanding of the function of native promoters for driving desired gene expression in host plant. although the genome of grapevine (vitis vinifera) has been determined, efforts to explore promoter resources for the development of cisgenics are still lacking. particularly, there is a shortage of constitutive promoters for marker and/or target gene expression in this species. in this w ...201223017908
transcriptomic analysis of grape (vitis vinifera l.) leaves during and after recovery from heat stress.grapes are a major fruit crop around the world. heat stress can significantly reduce grape yield and quality. changes at the molecular level in response to heat stress and subsequent recovery are poorly understood. to elucidate the effect of heat stress and subsequent recovery on expression of genes by grape leaves representing the classic heat stress response and thermotolerance mechanisms, transcript abundance of grape (vitis vinifera l.) leaves was quantified using the affymetrix grape genome ...201223016701
from rainfall to throughfall in a maritime vineyard.this study deals with the characteristics of throughfall produced by vine (vitis vinifera l.) in one of the most common pedoclimatic conditions for grape production: a soil derived from marine sediments under a temperate mediterranean climate, and located rather close to the seacoast. to distinguish the contribution of the plant from that of the atmospheric deposition, the throughfall was collected for more than one year under real and artificial (plastic) vines; for the same period, also the bu ...201222995706
tracing phenolic biosynthesis in vitis vinifera via in situ c-13 labeling and liquid chromatography-diode-array detector-mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer detection.phenolic compounds in vitis vinifera contribute important flavor, functionality, and health qualities to both table and wine grapes. the plant phenolic metabolic pathway has been well characterized, however many important questions remain regarding the influence of environmental conditions on pathway regulation. as a diagnostic for this pathway's regulation, we present a technique to incorporate a stable-isotopic tracer, l-phenyl-(13)c(6)-alanine (phe(13)), into grape berries in situ and the acc ...201222986135
complete genome of a novel endornavirus assembled from next-generation sequence data.endornaviruses have large double-stranded rna (dsrna) genomes that carry a single open reading frame (orf). here we report the complete genome of a novel endornavirus, assembled from next-generation sequence data generated from vitis vinifera-extracted dsrna. two different fungal hosts have been identified for this virus, suggesting that horizontal transmission of the virus is possible.201223118465
influence of deficit irrigation and kaolin particle film on grape composition and volatile compounds in merlot grape (vitis vinifera l.).the effect of deficit irrigation and a kaolin-based, foliar reflectant particle film (pf) on grape composition and volatile compounds in merlot grapes was investigated over two growing seasons in semi-arid, south-western idaho. vines were provided with differential amounts of water based on their estimated crop evapotranspiration (et(c)) throughout berry development, and particle film was applied to half of the vines in each irrigation main plot. free and bound volatile compounds in grapes were ...201223107699
protective effects of hv-p411 complex against d-galactosamine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.this study examined the hepatoprotective effect of the hv-p411 complex, an herbal extract mixture from the seeds of vitis vinifera, schisandra chinensis and taraxacum officinale, against d-galactosamine (d-galn)-induced hepatitis. hepatotoxicity was induced by d-galn (700 mg/kg, i.p.), and the hv-p411 complex was administered orally 48, 24, and 2 h before and 6 h after d-galn injection. increases in serum aminotransferase activity and lipid peroxidation and a decrease in hepatic glutathione cont ...201222745064
rapid measurement of methyl cellulose precipitable tannins using ultraviolet spectroscopy with chemometrics: application to red wine and inter-laboratory calibration transfer.information relating to tannin concentration in grapes and wine is not currently available simply and rapidly enough to inform decision-making by grape growers, winemakers, and wine researchers. spectroscopy and chemometrics have been implemented for the analysis of critical grape and wine parameters and offer a possible solution for rapid tannin analysis. we report here the development and validation of an ultraviolet (uv) spectral calibration for the prediction of tannin concentration in red w ...201222732536
subcellular mn compartation, anatomic and biochemical changes of two grape varieties in response to excess manganese.to explore the underlying mechanism for the high tolerance to excess manganese stress in the grape species (vitis vinifera linn), we observed the subcellular compartment of mn element, anatomic and biochemical responses of two grape cultivars (combier and shuijin) under excess mn stress in semi-controlled environmental condition. grape species exhibited typical detoxifying or tolerant mechanism as following: first, majority of mn element accumulated in leaf was excluded into cell wall or compart ...201222694775
the antioxidant effects of a polyphenol-rich grape pomace extract in vitro do not correspond in vivo using exercise as an oxidant stimulus.fruits, such as grapes, are essential food of the mediterranean diet. grape extracts have potent antioxidant and chemopreventive properties in vitro. numerous studies have examined the effects of plant extract administration on redox status at rest in animals and humans but their results are controversial. however, there are no studies comparing the in vitro and in vivo effects of plant extracts on oxidative stress using exercise as an oxidant stimulus. thus, the aim of this study was to investi ...201222693650
influence of intensity and duration of regulated deficit irrigation on erythroneura elegantula (hemiptera: cicadellidae) on grape.we conducted studies in a paso robles, ca, grape (vitis vinifera l.) vineyard in 2002 and 2003 to estimate the impact of regulated deficit irrigation (rdi) intensity and duration on western grape leafhopper, erythroneura elegantula osborn. treatments were based on deficit intensity, 50 and 25% of standard irrigation (moderate and severe deficits, respectively), and deficit duration, 3 or 6 wk time, initiated at the grape phenological stage of berry set. the standard irrigation served as the cont ...201222928309
suppressive subtractive hybridization method analysis and its application to salt stress in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.).two subtracted cdna libraries of grapevines (vitis vinifera. l) under short term salt stress incubation were constructed using the suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) method combined with the differential screening approach. the mrna isolated from leaves of the salt-tolerant grapevine cultivar razegui grown without stress was used as a "driver," and the corresponding mrnas isolated after a short-term treatment 6 or 24h of salt stress were used as "testers." the differentially expressed c ...201222567999
modelling leaf photosynthetic and transpiration temperature-dependent responses in vitis vinifera cv. semillon grapevines growing in hot, irrigated vineyard conditions.grapevines growing in australia are often exposed to very high temperatures and the question of how the gas exchange processes adjust to these conditions is not well understood. the aim was to develop a model of photosynthesis and transpiration in relation to temperature to quantify the impact of the growing conditions on vine performance.201222567220
sensory representation of typicality of cabernet franc wines related to phenolic composition: impact of ripening stage and maceration time.phenolics are responsible for important sensory properties of red wines, including colour, astringency, and possibly bitterness. from a technical viewpoint, the harvest date and the maceration duration are critical decisions for producing red wine with a distinctive style. but little is known about the evolution of phenolics and of their extractability during ripening to predict the composition of the wine and related sensory properties. the aim of this study was to understand the relationship b ...201222688039
influence of climatic conditions on the phenolic composition of vitis vinifera l. cv. graciano.the influence of different climatic conditions on the phenolic composition of grape skins and seeds of vitis vinifera l. cv. graciano - an autochthonous cultivar from rioja and navarra regions (spain) - was evaluated during ripening in a separate way. graciano grapes from two different vineyards with different climatic conditions and from two different vintages (2008 and 2009) were analysed. clear differences between phenolic maturity pattern of grape skins and seeds were observed. in this conte ...201222688036
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