Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| field evaluation of bacillus sphaericus, h5a5b and b. thuringiensis var. israelensis, h-14 against the bancroftian filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus, say in chennai, india. | fortnightly application of bacillus sphaericus (strain b101, serotype h5a5b) and b. thuringiensis var. israelensis (strain 164, serotype h-14) in two different waterways of chennai @ 1 g/sq m surface area has resulted in significant reduction in both immature and adult densities of culex quinquefasciatus say. the use of these biolarvicides as biocontrol agents is suggested in the urban areas to control mosquitoes in general. | 1997 | 9291671 |
| a comparison of two brazilian populations of culex quinquefasciatus (say, 1823) from endemic and non-endemic areas to infection with wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold, 1877). | culex quinquefasciatus is known to be an efficient insect host of wuchereria bancrofti. in brazil cx. quinquefasciatus is widely distributed throughout the country and is often abundant in and around human habitations. in contrast, bancroftian filariasis is limited to three foci in brazil. experiments were undertaken to compare the vector capacities of cx. quinquefasciatus originating from maceió (alagoas), one of the endemic areas of w. bancrofti infection in brazil, and belo horizonte (minas g ... | 1997 | 9302411 |
| improvement and application of a polymerase chain reaction system for detection of wuchereria bancrofti in culex quinquefasciatus and human blood samples. | 1997 | 9302415 | |
| investigation of the influence of maternal infection with wuchereria bancrofti on the humoral and cellular responses of neonates to filarial antigens. | epidemiological data indicate that maternal filarial infection might be associated with increased susceptibility to filarial infection in offspring. to examine the influence of maternal infection on development of antifilarial immunity in neonates, paired cord and maternal sera and mononuclear cells were collected in an area where wuchereria bancrofti infection is endemic. anti-filarial humoral responses (igg, igm and ige) non-parasite-specific humoral responses (total ige), proliferation induce ... | 1997 | 9329982 |
| filarial lymphadenitis. | 1997 | 9332120 | |
| mosquito vectors of bancroftian filariasis in kwale district, kenya. | a total of 2,906 female mosquitoes were collected over a period of one year using pyrethrum spray-sheet and human bait methods, and dissected for filaria larvae in three hinterland villages of coastal kenya. the dominant species, anopheles gambiae and anopheles funestus were also found to be the main vectors. from the spray catch collections 0,9 and 1 cx. quinquefasciatus, an. gambiae and an. funestus out of 491, 708 and 403 respectively were infective. in the same order, 4, 2 and 2 out of 512, ... | 1997 | 9337005 |
| clearance of wuchereria bancrofti antigen after treatment with diethylcarbamazine or ivermectin. | the present study was undertaken to assess the relationship between microfilarial clearance and clearance of circulating filarial antigen from the blood of wuchereria bancrofti-infected persons following chemotherapy with either diethylcarbamazine or ivermectin. patients received either 12 weekly doses of 6 mg/kg of diethylcarbamazine (dec), a single dose of 6 mg/kg of dec, a single dose of 420 microg/kg of ivermectin, or 20 microg/kg of ivermectin, followed by 6 mg/kg of dec five days later. mi ... | 1997 | 9347968 |
| circulating connective tissue metabolites in patients with bancroftian filariasis. | sera from adults from an area of tanzania with high endemicity for wuchereria bancrofti infection were examined for 4 serological markers of extracellular matrix activity, namely the amino-terminal propeptide of type iii procollagen (piiinp), the carboxy-terminal propeptide of type i procollagen (picp), the carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type i collagen (ictp), and hyaluronan. sera from individuals with non-filarial elephantiasis and from healthy danes were included as controls. no association ... | 1997 | 9373649 |
| scarification as a risk factor for rapid progression of filarial elephantiasis. | 1997 | 9373650 | |
| cytologic diagnosis of bancroft's filariasis presenting as generalized lymphadenopathy. | 1997 | 9390162 | |
| molecular methods for diagnosis and epidemiological studies of parasitic infections. | direct microscopy is widely used for the diagnosis of parasitic infections although it often requires an experienced microscopist for accurate diagnosis, is labour intensive and not very sensitive. in order to overcome some of these shortcomings, molecular or nucleic acid-based diagnostic methods for parasitic infections have been developed over the past 12 years. the parasites which have been studied with these techniques include the human plasmodia, leishmania, the trypanosomes, toxoplasma gon ... | 1997 | 9394184 |
| field trial of a rapid card test for wuchereria bancrofti. | 1997 | 9400522 | |
| development of wuchereria bancrofti in culex pipiens l. (diptera: culicidae) exposed in the larval instar to sublethal dosages of insecticides and one insect growth regulator and their influence on reproduction of filaria-infected mosquitoes. | the effects of exposure of culex pipiens larvae to sublethel concentrations of larvicides on uptake, development of wuchereria bancrofti, survival rate and reproduction of filaria-infected mosquitoes were investigated. fourth instar larvae of cx. pipiens were exposed to lc40 of the surfactant triton x-100, the insect growth regulator dpx alone or combined with lc10 of the surfactant and permethrin alone or combined with lc10 of the surfactant. adults that survived insecticide treatments and cont ... | 1997 | 9425827 |
| effect of wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold infection on the biological activities of culex pipiens l. (diptera: culicidae) in egypt. | the impact of moderate infection with wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold) (25 mf/50 microliters blood) on the biological activities of culex pipiens l. were investigated. data revealed that w. bancrofti parasites did not interfere significantly with the oviposition rate (81.97%, 80.228% in non-infected and infected mosquitoes, respectively), fecundity (73.56 +/- 4.56 and 74.23 +/- 5.05 eggs/female) duration of the gonotrophic cycle (6.34 +/- 0.29 and 6.05 +/- 0.26 days), or egg hatchability (88.06% a ... | 1997 | 9425829 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of dirofilaria immitis (filariidea: onchocercidae) and wuchereria bancrofti (filarioidea: dipetalonematidae) in their common vector aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae). | in french polynesia, aedes polynesiensis (marks) is the vector of the human filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold) and dog heartworm, dirofilaria immitis (leidy). a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was designed to screen pools of field-collected ae. polynesiensis for the presence of both parasites simultaneously using primers specific for each parasite. the sensitivity of detection on purified dna was 1 and 10 pg, equivalent to 0.1 and 1 l3 larva per pool for w. bancroft ... | 1997 | 9439132 |
| studies on the transmission potential of surviving microfilaremias after basic control of filariasis. | after filariasis was basically controlled (the microfilarial rate was lower than 1%) in henan province in 1987, longitudinal observation of the disease has been carried out in all the province in order to study the regular pattern of growth and decline or the transmission potential of the disease. according to the distribution of filaria species and original microfilarial rate, 7 administrative villages in 7 counties were selected as surveillance sites. from 1988 to 1995, etiological and mosquit ... | 1997 | 9444011 |
| lymphatic filariasis in the americas. | 1997 | 9447792 | |
| bancroftian filariasis: long-term effect of the dec provocative day test on microfilaraemia. | the diethylcarbamazine (dec) provocative day test has been widely used for daytime diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti infections in areas where microfilariae exhibit nocturnal periodicity. since dec is also the primary drug for treatment of bancroftian filariasis, we examined the long term effect of the test on microfilaraemia in 2 groups of individuals receiving either 100 mg of dec (n = 51) or placebo (n = 20). the low dose of dec had a significant therapeutic effect. one year after treatment, ... | 1997 | 9231199 |
| success against lymphatic filariasis. | a campaign against lymphatic filariasis began in china's shandong province during 1956. epidemiological surveillance since 1984 indicates that the transmission of infection has been interrupted. the factors accounting for this are discussed and the continuing challenges presented by the disease are outlined. | 1997 | 9233057 |
| detection of loa loa-specific dna in blood from occult-infected individuals. | accurate and specific diagnosis of human loiasis is of crucial importance in an endemic area where two-thirds of infected individuals are without circulating microfilariae (occult loiasis). by using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and specific primers to the repeat 3 region (15r3) of the gene coding for loa loa 15-kda polyprotein antigen, dna was amplified from total blood lysate of occult-infected subjects. a 396-bp dna fragment was specifically detected. we tested the specificity of this m ... | 1997 | 9225766 |
| a polymerase chain reaction-based assay for detection of wuchereria bancrofti in human blood and culex pipiens. | human blood samples and indoor-resting culex pipiens were collected in 33 randomly selected houses from different sectors of a village in the nile delta of egypt which was endemic for wuchereria bancrofti. blood was also collected from subjects with no history of living in filarial endemic areas. human blood samples were divided and assessed by both membrane filtration and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). similarly, mosquito samples were assessed by both dissection and pcr. blood pools represent ... | 1997 | 9196756 |
| demonstration of immunoglobulin g antibodies against onchocerca volvulus excretory-secretory antigens in different forms and stages of onchocerciasis. | the excretory-secretory (e-s) products of helminths are considered to comprise immunogenic molecules of high diagnostic value. in the present study, the serodiagnostic potential of the e-s products released in vitro by cultured female onchocerca volvulus was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blotting using 190 serum samples from persons infected with o. volvulus and unexposed persons. the sensitivity of detection of anti-o. volvulus e-s antibodies was 94% for ... | 1997 | 9196778 |
| reduction of wuchereria bancrofti adult worm circulating antigen after annual treatments of diethylcarbamazine combined with ivermectin in french polynesia. | circulating filarial antigen (cfa), determined with og4c3 elisa, is a marker of wuchereria bancrofti adult worm infection. the reduction of cfa over 2 years was determined in 185 microfilaremic and 111 amicrofilaremic but cfa+ adults given an annual dose of either diethylcarbamazine (dec) or ivermectin or the two combined. reduction of cfa level was good with dec but weak with ivermectin and followed the same pattern in amicrofilaremic and microfilaremic groups. combinations and dec alone had a ... | 1997 | 9203681 |
| transmission intensity and its relationship to infection and disease due to wuchereria bancrofti in papua new guinea. | this study describes the relationship between transmission intensity and infection and disease due to wuchereria bancrofti in an endemic area of papua new guinea. the prevalence of microfilaremia in the entire study population was 66%. of 1892 persons examined, 6.2% and 12.3% had lymphedema of the legs and hydroceles, respectively. the prevalences of microfilaremia and clinical morbidity were lowest in persons <20 years old and increased progressively with age. annual transmission potential and ... | 1997 | 9207373 |
| experimental transmission of nocturnally periodic wuchereria bancrofti to indian leaf monkey (presbytis entellus). | successful experimental transmission of the human lymphatic dwelling nocturnal periodic strain of wuchereria bancrofti has been achieved from man to indian leaf monkey (presbytis entellus) through a susceptible strain of aedes aegypti. the prepatent period varied between 195 and 240 days. microfilaria (mf) levels were in general low and the peak count was attained at 1800 hr. of the adult worms 5-12.5% were recovered from male langur while females revealed poor (2.54%) recovery. this host--paras ... | 1997 | 9207745 |
| microfilarial larvae in fine needle aspiration (fna) cytology of breast lump masquerading as encysted trichinella spiralis. | 1997 | 9134339 | |
| finding parts of a gravid female wuchereria bancrofti in a breast aspirate. | 1997 | 9164031 | |
| ivermectin for the chemotherapy of bancroftian filariasis: a meta-analysis of the effect of single treatment. | the efficacy and safety of ivermectin in the treatment of filariasis due to wuchereria bancrofti was assessed by a meta-analysis of the results from 15 published clinical trials. seven hundred and forty-eight microfilaraemic patients were enrolled in 7 dose-finding and 8 comparative studies. administered as a single dose, ivermectin induced nearly complete clearance of microfilariae from the blood from the first day to 30 days post-treatment, followed by gradual recurrence of microfilaraemia and ... | 1997 | 9171850 |
| tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. report of a case. | tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (tpe) is an unusual manifestation of filarial infection, most commonly found in south-east asia and caused by immunologic hyperresponsiveness to wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. this report concerns a case of tpe in a 25-year-old indian male who had been living in italy for two years and was admitted to hospital with chest pain. diethylcarbamazine therapy proved effective in rapidly eliminating symptoms and pulmonary abnormalities, as well as normalizing of ... | 1997 | 9515101 |
| longitudinal surveillance after filariasis control in guangdong province, china. | this paper reports the longitudinal surveillance with epidemiology, entomology and serology after filariasis has been controlled. the results showed that the microfilarial rate, natural infection rate of vectors and the positive rate of filarial antibodies decreased year by year. | 1997 | 9561613 |
| studies on the transmission potential of filariasis in controlled areas of henan province. | to study the regular pattern of growth and declination or the transmission potential of filariasis after the disease was basically (the microfilarial rate was lower than 1%) in henan province in 1987. | 1997 | 9642315 |
| trend of wuchereria bancrofti infection in pondicherry urban agglomeration after the withdrawal of a five year vector control programme. | a study was undertaken to investigate the changes in the prevalence of bancroftian filariasis after six years of withdrawal of a five year (1981-85) vector control programme in pondicherry and the results are presented in this paper. though there was a drastic increase in the intensity of transmission of filariasis after the withdrawal of vector control operations in 1986, the prevalence of microfilaria (mf rate) of the population declined from 6.35% in 1986 to 4.80% in 1992 (p < 0.05). however, ... | 1997 | 9465531 |
| wuchereria bancrofti in tanzania: microfilarial periodicity and effect of blood sampling time on microfilarial intensities. | the circadian periodicity of wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial (mf) intensities in peripheral blood was analysed in a group of infected individuals from an endemic community in north-eastern tanzania. the mf density was quantified at two-hourly intervals for 24 hours. a clear nocturnal periodic pattern was observed. mathematical analysis of the data indicated a peak at 0152 h and a periodicity index of 117.5. a periodicity equation was developed describing the average relation between mf intens ... | 1997 | 9472300 |
| optimisation of immunoaffinity purification of wuchereria bancrofti specific antibodies from human sera. | immunoaffinity column using setaria digitata antigens coupled to cyanogen bromide activated sepharose 4b beads were developed to purify antibodies from sera of filarial patients. chaotropic (kscn) ion elution was more efficient for purifying specific antibodies from the column in comparison to ]c elution. dot blot analysis indicated that purified antibodies showed a high degree of reactivity with cattle filarial antigen and recombinant filarial protein but not with bacterial proteins of e. coli ... | 1997 | 9475043 |
| community perception regarding chronic filarial swellings: a case study of the duruma of coastal kenya. | the aim of this study, carried out between august 1991 and august 1992, was to understand community perception regarding chronic filarial swellings in lutsangani village, kwale district, kenya. interviews were conducted with 65 patients and informal discussions held with family and community members. the results indicate that bodily change is the concern of most patients who felt that their physical appearance influenced community reactions towards them. these reactions varied from sympathy to n ... | 1997 | 9491170 |
| wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia in children in relation to parental infection status. | a total of 946 families with 2302 children was surveyed for microfilaraemia due to wuchereria bancrofti. the prevalence of microfilaraemia among offspring born to microfilaraemic parents was significantly higher than in those born to amicrofilaraemic parents (p = 0.0049; relative risk = 3.40). however, there was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of microfilaraemia in children born to microfilaraemic mothers or microfilaraemic fathers, suggesting that parental (not on ... | 1997 | 9509177 |
| a universally applicable internal standard for pcr detection of wuchereria bancrofti in biological samples. | a pcr-based assay have been previously described to detect wuchereria bancrofti in mosquitoes and in human blood samples. however, the efficiency of pcr amplification may vary between samples depending on the presence of pcr inhibitors, leading sometimes to false negative results. to overcome this drawback, an internal standard plasmid (pwb11) was constructed. it can be added to each pcr reaction for coamplification along with the target w. bancrofti dna (sspl dna repeat) using the same pair of ... | 1997 | 9587609 |
| scanning electron microscopic study of microfilaria and the third stage larva of wuchereria bancrofti. | the surface structures of microfilaria and of the third stage larva of wuchereria bancrofti were studied by scanning electron microscopy. distinct features were observed that could be used for differentiating species of this parasite. specifically, the sheath of microfilariae of w. bancrofti projected beyond the head. the head region of the microfilaria was composed of a cephalic cap with hook, mouth and amphidial opening, and its cuticle showed annulation. spines were absent at the first transv ... | 1997 | 9656408 |
| modulation of cellular immune response by cytokines in bancroftian filariasis. | human lymphatic filariasis is a chronic helminth infection caused bywuchereria bancrofti andbrugia malayi. wide spectrum of clinical manifestations are seen in different clinical groups of filariasis patients which comprises asymptomatic patients with circulating microfilaria (mf), individuals with chronic lymphatic obstruction (cp), endemic normals (en) who are asymptomatic and amicrofilaraemic or the relatively rare tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (tpe). the cellular immune response to this in ... | 1997 | 23100891 |
| new tools for diagnosis and monitoring of bancroftian filariasis parasitism: the polynesian experience. | bancroftian filariasis is endemic in french polynesia and control programs with diethylcarbamazine, started in the 1950s, led to a sharp reduction of the microfilaria prevalence. consequently, the control program was interrupted in 1982. ten years later, however, the incidence of the parasitism again reached pre-control levels (20-30% microfilaremia in some islands), indicating that the adult worms (for which no diagnostic tool was available) had persisted. apart from research on chemotherapy st ... | 1997 | 15275149 |
| the ict filariasis test: a rapid-format antigen test for diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | antigen testing is now recognized as the method of choice for detection of wuchereria bancrofti infections. unlike tests that detect microfilariae, antigen tests can be performed with blood collected during the day or night. however, existing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tests for filarial antigenemia are difficult to perform in the field, and this has limited their use in endemic countries. in this article, gary weil, patrick lammie and niggi weiss review their experience with a ne ... | 1997 | 15275155 |
| [lymphatic filariasis: a potentially eradicable disease] | the recent demonstration that single-dose ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, or a combination of these drugs can profoundly suppress wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi microfilaremia for periods of six months to two years has led to renewed hope that transmission can be interrupted and lymphatic filariasis eradicated. based in part on the availability of these new chemotherapeutic tools, the international task force for disease eradication recently identified lymphatic filariasis as one of the ... | 1997 | 10886894 |
| current status of filariasis in chavakad taluk, trichur district, kerala. | a sample survey using parasitological, clinical and entomological indicators was carried out in all the 18 administrative units of chavakad taluk, trichur district, kerala, india to assess the current filariasis situation. cluster sampling procedure was followed to screen individuals. both wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi species were found to be prevalent in this taluk. microfilaria (mf) carriers with w. bancrofti were detected in eight areas while b. malayi was recorded only from one are ... | 1997 | 10085639 |
| candidate parasitic diseases. | this paper discusses five parasitic diseases: american trypanosomiasis (chagas disease), dracunculiasis, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis and schistosomiasis. the available technology and health infrastructures in developing countries permit the eradication of dracunculiasis and the elimination of lymphatic filariasis due to wuchereria bancrofti. blindness due to onchocerciasis and transmission of this disease will be prevented in eleven west african countries; transmission of chagas disease ... | 1998 | 10063677 |
| study on the transmission threshold value of bancroftian filariasis. | to elucidate the transmission dynamic and epidemic trend of bancroftian filariasis occurred under the condition with no control measure taken 5 years after elimination of filariasis. | 1998 | 10374430 |
| bancroftian filariasis in namrup tea estate, district dibrugarh, assam. | filariasis survey in a randomly selected tea estate of district dibrugrah revealed 6.7% infection of wuchereria bancrofti in labour population with microfilaria (mf) rate of 7.6% in males and 5.9% in females. the mf rate increased progressively with the age which however, dropped in 31-40 age group of males and in 41-50 age group of females. chronic filariasis diseases rate was 2.7%. the involvement of genitals in manifesting chronic filariasis was significantly higher than of the lower extremit ... | 1998 | 10389521 |
| molecular and immunodiagnosis of human filarial nematode infections. | the filarial nematodes wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and onchocerca volvulus represent major public health problems in the tropics. effective diagnosis of infection with these parasites is required both for administration of drugs to infected individuals and for monitoring of control programs. however parasitological diagnosis is associated with a number of problems including frequently inadequate sensitivity, long pre-patency of infection and inconvenience for patients. for these reasons ... | 1998 | 10660932 |
| detection of filarial larvae in mosquitoes with oligonucleotide probe. | to investigate a new way to detect filarial larvae in mosquitoes and apply it to the surveillance of filariasis. | 1998 | 11155672 |
| [application of immunochromatographic test for diagnosis and surveillance of bancroftian filariasis]. | to evaluate the usefulness of immunochromatographic test (ict) for rapid diagnosis and surveillance of wuchereria bancrofti infection. | 1998 | 12078234 |
| human occult loiasis: field evaluation of a nested polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of occult infection. | a nested polymerase chain reaction (nested pcr) assay, targeted on the repeat 3 region (15r3) of the gene coding for a loa loa 15 kd polyprotein, was developed to detect l. loa infection. the assay has a sensitivity of 95% and is 100% specific with regard to sympatric filarial parasites: mansonella perstans, onchocerca volvulus and wuchereria bancrofti. in this field study in a mixed filarial (l. loa and m. perstans) endemic region of gabon, 157 l. loa amicrofilaraemic blood samples (amf; diagno ... | 1998 | 9657514 |
| [tropical filarial pulmonary eosinophilia and its differential diagnosis]. | the authors present a comprehensive review of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (tpe) of filarial etiology and describe its differential diagnosis with similar syndromes. epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic and phisiopathological aspects are considered, with an emphasis on new advances in our knowledge of lymphatic filariasis and their implication for improved understanding of tpe and similar syndromes. a tpe-like syndrome, which is caused by intestinal helminth infections, occurs i ... | 1998 | 9659744 |
| host nk cells are required for the growth of the human filarial parasite brugia malayi in mice. | human lymphatic filariasis, which afflicts an estimated 120 million people worldwide, is caused by the large nematode parasites wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. filarial nematodes require both an arthropod vector and a mammalian host to complete their life cycle. within the definitive (mammalian) host, the lymphatic filarial parasites reside in the lymph nodes and lymphatics, a seemingly hostile environment for infectious agents, since the location exposes them to the immune defenses of t ... | 1998 | 9686607 |
| lymphatic filariasis and malaria: concomitant parasitism in orissa, india. | concomitant parasitism with plasmodium spp. and wuchereria bancrofti was examined in orissa, india, to study the influence of one parasite infection on the other in human communities. a survey of 1815 nocturnal blood films in 11 villages indicated an overall prevalence of 9.6% for malaria and 8.5% for microfilaraemia. only 0.3% of the population harboured both parasites. analysis of the expected and observed distribution of cases of dual infection in each village did not indicate any significant ... | 1998 | 9692139 |
| parental infection confounded with local infection intensity as risk factors for childhood microfilaraemia in bancroftian filariasis. | 1998 | 9692140 | |
| prevalence of hydrocele as a rapid diagnostic index for lymphatic filariasis. | the real burden of lymphatic filariasis in most endemic areas remains unknown even thought it is a major public health problem in many tropical countries, particularly in sub-saharan african. the nocturnal periodicity of the parasite requires parasitological examinations to be done at night. the aim of this study was to develop and validate rapid epidemiological assessment tools for the community diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis, that may be used in the future to determine the distribution of t ... | 1998 | 9692148 |
| haematuria in coastal kenya is associated with schistosoma haematobium but not wuchereria bancrofti infection. | 1998 | 9692154 | |
| efficacy of single dose combinations of albendazole, ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine for the treatment of bancroftian filariasis. | in a 'blind' trial on 50 male asymptomatic microfilaraemic subjects with wuchereria bancrofti infection, the safety, tolerability and filaricidal efficacy of a single dose of albendazole (alb) 600 mg alone or in combination with ivermectin (iver) 400 micrograms/kg or diethylcarbamazine citrate (dec) 6 mg/kg was compared with a single dose of the combination dec 6 mg/kg and iver 400 micrograms/kg over a period of 15 months after treatment. all but one subject, with 67 microfilariae (mf)/ml, had p ... | 1998 | 9692166 |
| [bancroftian filariasis in brazil]. | the past and present distribution of bancroftian filariasis in brazil is reviewed. parasitological and entomological surveys were conducted between 1951 and 1958, the autochthonous transmission of wuchereria bancrofti having been found only in 11 places in the country as follows, with the corresponding prevalences; ponta grossa (sc), 14.5% belém (pa), 9.8%; barra de laguna (sc), 9.4%; recife (pe), 6.9%; castro alves (ba), 5.9%; florianópolis (sc), 1.4%; são luis (ma), 0.6%; salvador (ba), 0.4%; ... | 1998 | 9699353 |
| microfilarial periodicity of wuchereria bancrofti and man landing periodicity of the vector culex quinquefasciatus say in matara, sri lanka. | to compare the microfilarial periodicity of wuchereria bancrofti, with the man landing periodicity of the vector culex quinquefasciatus in matara, sri lanka. | 1998 | 9704546 |
| longitudinal analysis of the development of filarial infection and antifilarial immunity in a cohort of haitian children. | longitudinal studies are being conducted in leogane, haiti to investigate the relationship between acquisition of filarial infection and development of antifilarial immunity as well as the impact of maternal infection on this relationship. children (0-24 months of age) residing in leogane were enrolled and were examined periodically to monitor parasitologic status and to collect serum for antigen and antifilarial antibody determinations. to examine the development of filarial antigenemia and ant ... | 1998 | 9715935 |
| lymphatic filariasis in a hyperendemic region: a ten-year, follow-up panel survey. | the present study is a long-term panel survey of a population living in a previously identified wuchereria bancrofti-endemic area of benin. unexpectedly, a marked decrease in the prevalence of microfilaremia (from 9.4% to 0.48%; p < 0.001) occurred over a 10-year period in the absence of chemotherapy or vector control measures. the percentage of patients with chronic pathology remained stable during the study period. the decrease in the prevalence of parasitemia could not be explained by environ ... | 1998 | 9715936 |
| wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in the dentigerous cystic fluid: an unusual presentation. | an unexpected and unusual presence of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in the cystic fluid of a maxillary dentigerous cyst in an 8-year-old boy is being reported for the first time. this was an incidental finding during routine fine-needle aspiration cytological examination. | 1998 | 9718157 |
| transmission dynamics of filariasis in khurdha district of orissa, india. | a three year longitudinal study was carried out to quantify the different parameters of filarial transmission in an endemic area of orissa state, india. parasitological surveys revealed mean microfilaria rate, microfilaria density and median microfilaria density (mfd-50) to be 9.41, 19.23 and 7.33, respectively. the per man hour density of the vector, culex quinquefasciatus varied from 24.2 to 66.0 with a peak in january. infection rate varied from 0.9 to 27.5%, while infectivity rate ranged bet ... | 1998 | 9740288 |
| possible transmission of two types of wuchereria bancrofti in muang district, chiang mai, northern thailand. | 1998 | 9740289 | |
| ultrasonographic detection of living adult wuchereria bancrofti using a 3.5-mhz transducer. | adult wuchereria bancrofti can be readily detected by ultrasound in the lymphatic vessels of the spermatic cord with a 7.5-mhz transducer, but most ultrasound machines in developing countries are equipped with 3.5-mhz transducers. to assess the potential for ultrasound as a tool for diagnosis and epidemiologic assessment in lymphatic filariasis, we compared the performance of 3.5-mhz and 7.5-mhz transducers in 61 men in recife, brazil. all men had three ultrasound examinations using a 3.5 mhz tr ... | 1998 | 9749633 |
| direct assessment in vivo of the efficacy of combined single-dose ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine against adult wuchereria bancrofti. | when ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine (dec) are given simultaneously in a single dose to persons with wuchereria bancrofti infection, the resulting suppression of microfilaraemia is more profound and sustained than when either drug is given alone. to assess whether this effect is a result of enhanced macrofilaricidal efficacy, we used ultrasound to monitor the adult worms in the scrotal area of men with w. bancrofti microfilaraemia. twenty-one men were treated simultaneously with dec (6 mg/kg) ... | 1998 | 9764338 |
| the immunodominant brugia malayi paramyosin as a marker of current infection with wuchereria bancrofti adult worms. | the full-length cdna sequence encoding brugia malayi l3 paramyosin has been isolated by immunoscreening a cdna library with a mouse antiserum raised against wuchereria bancrofti l3 infective larvae. a recombinant truncated form of paramyosin was expressed as a glutathione s-transferase fusion protein and used to evaluate humoral responses of adults from a w. bancrofti-endemic area in french polynesia according to their parasitological status. immunoglobulin g4 (igg4) preferentially bound to para ... | 1998 | 9596759 |
| risk factors for the occurrence of bancroftian filariasis infection in children living in endemic areas of northeast of brazil. | the objective of this study was to identify biological and social risk factors for the occurrence of microfilaraemia in a population of 1464 children of both sexes aged 5-14 years, living in two highly endemic areas of recife a city in the northeast of brazil. a survey was performed from december 1990 to july 1991 and the microfilaraemia was examined by the thick-drop technique using 45 microliters of peripheral blood. information was obtained about use of bednet, length of time living in area a ... | 1998 | 9604596 |
| increased antibody response to parasite lipids in amicrofilaraemic individuals from a region where wuchereria bancrofti infection is endemic. | 1998 | 9614462 | |
| microfilaria in a fine needle aspirate of primary solid malignant tumor of the maxillary antrum. a case report. | lymphatic filarial disease is very common in tropical countries like india. the incidental finding of microfilariae in various benign cytologic smears is very common. microfilariae in malignant effusions have also been reported, but their coexistence with solid malignant tumor at the primary site has not been reported so far. | 1998 | 9622705 |
| microfilariae in a cytologic smear from cavernous hemangioma of the liver. a case report. | wuchereria bancrofti has been found in almost every tissue except the liver. | 1998 | 9622707 |
| microfilariae in bone marrow aspiration smears. | 1998 | 9622716 | |
| microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti identified in a cervicovaginal smear. | 1998 | 9622731 | |
| herd immunity to filarial infection is a function of vector biting rate. | despite the existence of an impressive body of work on human immune responses against filarial infections, the occurrence of a protective response to infection remains unclear. here, we use a combined modelling and comparative data analysis framework to address this issue for human infections with the filarial parasite, wuchereria bancrofti. by analogy with previous work, the analysis involves the comparison of observed field patterns of infection with epidemiological patterns predicted by a mat ... | 1998 | 9633111 |
| permethrin-impregnated bednet effects on resting and feeding behaviour of lymphatic filariasis vector mosquitoes in kenya. | the impact of permethrin-impregnated bednets on resting and feeding behaviour of mosquito vectors of wuchereria bancrofti, causing human lymphatic filariasis was studied in six pairs of villages (treated and untreated) before and after intervention. the study villages were in kwale district, near the coast of kenya, where bancroftian filariasis is highly endemic, transmitted by a combination of both anopheline and culicine mosquito vectors. mosquitoes were collected weekly in each village, indoo ... | 1998 | 9513939 |
| wuchereria bancrofti in kwale district, coastal kenya: patterns of focal distribution of infection, clinical manifestations and anti-filarial igg responsiveness. | a cross-sectional study of bancroftian filariasis was conducted in 2 adjacent communities, mvumoni and kilore in muhaka, kwale district. wuchereria bancrofti infection, clinical manifestations and anti-filarial igg responsiveness were determined before the long rains, a time coinciding with a low transmission season. the prevalence of microfilaraemia increased gradually with age and was significantly higher in kilore (24%) than in mvumoni (6.3%, p < 0.001). similarly, the prevalence of antigenae ... | 1998 | 9509027 |
| another tropical-drug donation. | 1998 | 9482290 | |
| quantitative assessment of circulating antigens in human lymphatic filariasis: a field evaluation of monoclonal antibody-based elisa using blood collected on filter strips. | to quantify circulating antigens in individuals with lymphatic filariasis by means of an elisa using blood on filter strips. | 1998 | 9484967 |
| secretory acetylcholinesterase of setaria cervi microfilariae and its antigenic cross-reactivity with wuchereria bancrofti. | setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, secretes acetylcholinesterase during in vitro cultivation. a significant amount of enzyme activity was detected both in culture media and somatic extracts of different developmental stages of the parasite. the microfilarial stage showed a higher level of ache activity than adult worms, with females being considerably more active than males. the secretory enzyme from microfilariae preferentially utilized acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate and showed t ... | 1998 | 9484968 |
| filariasis and erisipela in santo domingo. | this study examined acute-convalescent changes in diagnostic anti-streptococcal antibodies by the anti-streptolysin o (aso) and anti-dnaase b (adab) tests among patients (n 28) with lymphedema and recurrent erisipela of the lower limb, comparing them with endemic normal control residents (n=25). the study was based in villa francisca, an urban focus of bancroftian filariasis in eastern santo domingo, capital of the dominican republic. the acute signs and symptoms of erisipela were consistent wit ... | 1998 | 9645857 |
| bancroftian filariasis in maceio, state of alagoas, brazil: observations on culex quinquefasciatus after blood feeding on individuals with different densities of microfilariae in the peripheral blood stream. | females of laboratory-reared culex quinquefasciatus were allowed to take blood meals on individuals with low (1-100 microfilariae/ml of peripheral blood), moderate (101-500 microfilariae/ml), and high (> 500 microfilariae/ml) microfilaremia. the mosquitoes ingested 1.39-3.80 microl of blood and infective third-stage (l3) larvae were first recorded 13-14 days after the infecting blood meal. the number of microfilariae ingested by mosquitoes was proportional to the density of microfilariae in the ... | 1998 | 9574797 |
| pathogenesis of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia: parasitic alveolitis and parallels with asthma. | 1998 | 9519215 | |
| differences in the frequency of cytokine-producing cells in antigenemic and nonantigenemic individuals with bancroftian filariasis. | individuals with clinical manifestations of lymphatic filariasis may be currently infected or not. twenty-five individuals from a wuchereria bancrofti-endemic area of brazil were classified as being asymptomatic microfilaremic individuals, antigenemic individuals with clinical filariasis, or nonantigenemic individuals with clinical filariasis. intracellular cytokine staining of mitogen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) showed that the frequency of either gamma interferon (ifn- ... | 1998 | 9529056 |
| direct and indirect costs of the acute form of lymphatic filariasis to households in rural areas of tamil nadu, south india. | this study examined the direct and indirect costs due to acute form of lymphatic filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti to the households in rural communities in tamil nadu state in south india. for nearly one-third of the acute adenolymphangitis (adl) episodes the affected did not seek treatment and for 27% of the episodes they consulted health personnel, underwent treatment and paid for it. on average, the adl patients spent rupees (rs.) 2.35 (us $ 0.07) per episode on treatment, but expend ... | 1998 | 9537272 |
| the relationship between microfilarial load in the human host and uptake and development of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae by culex quinquefasciatus: a study under natural conditions. | the uptake of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae (mf) by culex quinquefasciatus and their development in relation to human mf density were quantified by allowing a total of 1096 wild mosquitoes to feed on 13 volunteers sleeping under partially open bed-nets. for each volunteer, each hour between 18.00 and 06.00 h the mf density in finger-prick blood was determined and engorged mosquitoes collected. each hourly collection of mosquitoes was kept separately. half of them was dissected within 18 h p ... | 1998 | 9550218 |
| the lymfasim simulation program for modeling lymphatic filariasis and its control. | the lymfasim modeling framework for the transmission and control of the tropical parasitic disease lymphatic filariasis is described and its use in the context of an endemic community in north-eastern brazil is illustrated. lymphatic filariasis is a disease with a complex natural history with many unknowns. this complicates decision making with respect to control strategies. with lymfasim, a variety of hypotheses can be tested about the life history of the parasite wuchereria bancrofti, its tran ... | 1998 | 9550853 |
| efficacy of five annual single doses of diethylcarbamazine for treatment of lymphatic filariasis in fiji. | annual single-dose treatments with diethylcarbamazine citrate (dec) at a dose of 6 mg/kg have been reported effective in reducing microfilariae (mf) rate and density and applicable to large-scale filariasis control campaigns. however, the efficacy of such treatments has not been studied quantitatively in relation to different pretreatment levels of endemicity. this study of 32 villages in fiji revealed that five treatments repeated annually steadily reduced village mf rate, and that the degree o ... | 1998 | 10191553 |
| a review of the present status of lymphatic filariasis in vietnam. | establishing the current status of an infectious disease forms the starting point of any attempt at parasite control. although data on the prevalence and distribution of lymphatic filariasis exist for vietnam from the early 1900s, the present situation regarding the disease is less well-known. here, we review the results of recent surveys conducted by the institute of malariology, parasitology and entomology, hanoi, to update the existing information on filariasis epidemiology and distribution f ... | 1998 | 9777718 |
| components of the vectorial capacity of aedes poicilius for wuchereria bancrofti in sorsogon province, philippines. | components of vectorial capacity (biting density, survival, and host preferences) of a population of aedes (finlaya) poicilius, the principal vector of wuchereria bancrofti in the philippines, were studied in 1994-1995 in sorsogon province. aedes poicilius comprised 20.7% of 3243 mosquitoes of 24 species taken in 42 nights of human-biting collections, and 1.4% of 7586 mosquitoes of 27 species taken in 18 concurrent nights of carabao-trap collections. there were, on average, 16 bites by ae. poici ... | 1998 | 9797834 |
| long-term effect of diethylcarbamazine citrate on microfilaraemia status in treated individuals. | follow up of microfilaraemic individuals infected with wuchereria bancrofti at five years after treatment was carried out in a tea workers population. diethylcarbamazine citrate in the dose schedule of 72 mg/kg body weight given in equal daily doses over a period of 21 days cleared 51.6 per cent microfilaraemic individuals five year post-treatment. eighty five subjects were successfully followed and among these, 10 (11.8%) showed increase in mf counts, 31 (36.4%) showed reduction but remained mi ... | 1998 | 9805842 |
| efficacy of a single dose treatment of wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria carriers with diethylcarbamazine in matara, sri lanka. | to test the efficacy of diethylcarbamazine dec single dose regimen of 6 mg/kg body weight (bw) on a sample of wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria (mf) carriers in matara. | 1998 | 9813933 |
| filarial nematode parasites secrete a homologue of the human cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor. | filarial nematode parasites establish long-term chronic infections in the context of an antiparasite immunity that is strongly biased toward a th2 response. the mechanisms that lead to this th2 bias toward filarial antigens are not clear, but one possibility is that the parasites produce molecules that have the capacity to proactively modify their immunological environment. here we report that filarial parasites of humans secrete a homologue of the human proinflammatory cytokine macrophage migra ... | 1998 | 9826378 |
| bancroftian filariasis in tanzania: specific antibody responses in relation to long-term observations on microfilaremia. | following a 16-year clinical and parasitologic follow-up survey for bancroftian filariasis in three endemic communities in northeastern tanzania, serum antibody responses were analyzed in selected individuals in relation to the long-term observations on microfilaremia. comparison of responses in three categories of adults (microfilaria [mf] positive at both surveys, mf positive at first but mf negative at the second survey, and mf negative at both surveys, respectively) indicated no significant ... | 1998 | 9840579 |
| the relationship between infection and disease in wuchereria bancrofti infection in ghana. | the relationship between infection and clinical disease in wuchereria bancrofti infection was investigated in a community-based study in different endemic areas in ghana. at the individual level, there was no association between acute adenolymphangitis and infection (microfilaraemia) status. there was a negative association between infection status and lymphoedema/elephantiasis, but a positive association with hydrocele; however, the intensity of infection was negatively associated with both ele ... | 1998 | 9850387 |
| evaluation of the filter paper blood collection method for detecting og4c3 circulating antigen in bancroftian filariasis. | serological diagnosis of filariasis is generally known to be more reliable than detection of microfilariae. the recently developed og4c3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting wuchereria bancrofti circulating antigen has been shown to be very sensitive in diagnosing filiariasis using serum samples. the commercially available form of this elisa, using whole blood collected on filter paper, has not been validated independently. we evaluated the sensitivity of this new method again ... | 1998 | 9850393 |
| pulmonary oedema in vivax malaria. | 1998 | 9850397 | |
| the use of whole blood absorbed on filter paper to detect wuchereria bancrofti circulating antigen. | the og4c3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect circulating wuchereria bancrofti antigen uses 50 microl of serum. in this study, a whole blood sample absorbed on filter paper was tested as a substitute for serum. serum samples were obtained from 60 sri lankan subjects by venepuncture and finger-prick blood samples from the same individuals were directly absorbed on filter paper. og4c3 elisas using serum and filter paper blood were compared. despite the fact that the estimated amoun ... | 1998 | 9861365 |
| the significance of guinea worm infection in the immunological diagnosis of onchocerciasis and bancroftian filariasis. | infections with dracunculus medinensis frequently occur in the same geographical area as infections with onchocerca volvulus and wuchereria bancrofti. this study analysed the significance of d. medinensis infections for the specificity and sensitivity of available tests for antibody-based diagnosis of onchocerciasis (using individual recombinant clones ov-10, ov-11 and ov-16, and the ov-7/ov-10/ov-16 tri-cocktail, in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and for circulating antigen-based diagnos ... | 1998 | 9861367 |
| exfoliative skin manifestations in acute lymphatic filariasis. | 1998 | 9861373 | |
| diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti infection by the polymerase chain reaction using urine and day blood samples from amicrofilaraemic patients. | a sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based on a highly repeated deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) sequence (188 bp; sspi repeat) was tested for the detection of wuchereria bancrofti dna in blood and urine samples collected during the day from individuals in coque, recife, brazil, an endemic area for w. bancrofti. all microfilaraemic individuals were also positive by pcr, irrespective of the samples used. the pcr system was capable of detecting w. bancrofti dna in amicrofilaraemic i ... | 1998 | 9861400 |