Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| chromogenic detection of antigen in bacteriophage plaques: a microplaque method applicable to large-scale screening. | we have developed a simple and rapid (24 h) enzyme-linked immuno-detection method to screen for rare antigen-positive phage among large numbers of antigen-negative ones. horse-radish peroxidase-antibody conjugate, incorporated into the soft agar layer of a plaque assay system, is precipitated locally by antigen produced during plaque formation, and is detected by standard chromogenic methods. the method has been used to screen plaques of bacteriophage beta tox+ for the presence of diphtheria tox ... | 1981 | 6790347 |
| appendix: a model of plaque formation. | equations describing plaque formation in soft agar have been based on certain simplifying assumptions, for which data are presented. the derived equations permit one to calculate (i) average plaque size as a function of the initial density of indicator cells (do), (ii) the number of cells lysed per plaque as a function of do, and (iii) the cumulative number of cells lysed at various stages of plaque development. the calculated values agree well with those determined experimentally. | 1981 | 6790348 |
| [diphtheria and tetanus antibodies in children and young adults (author's transl)]. | diphtheria and tetanus antibodies were determined in a random sample of 635 test persons of 1 to 25 years of age via the passive haemagglutination test. using sera and immunoglobulins standardized for protective capacity, titres were expressed as international units (iu). titres greater than or equal to 0.01 iu/ml diphtheria antitoxin were detected in 96% of children (1-17 years, n = 70), in 79% of adults aged 18-22 (n = 397), in 68% of adults aged 23-25 (n = 168); tetanus antitoxin was found in ... | 1981 | 6791906 |
| [microflora of the gastric and duodenal mucosa in peptic ulcer]. | 1981 | 6792417 | |
| [epidemiological surveillance in diphtheria infections]. | 1981 | 6797161 | |
| mutants of corynebacterium diphtheriae pw8 that produce toxin in medium with excess iron. | two mutants that produce toxin in medium with excess iron were isolated from the pw8 strain of corynebacterium diphtheriae. these mutants produced as much toxin in medium containing excess iron (3 mug of fe2+ per ml) as did the parent pw8 strain in iron-depleted medium, and they will be very useful for easy production of toxin. | 1981 | 6797351 |
| regulation of toxinogenesis in corynebacterium diphtheriae. i. mutations in bacteriophage beta that alter the effects of iron on toxin production. | diphtherial toxin is produced in maximal yields by corynebacterium diphtheriae (c7(beta tox+) only when iron is present in growth-limiting amounts. toxin production is markedly decreased under high-iron conditions. we studied the role of the bacteriophage beta genome in this apparent regulation of toxin production by iron. using a passive immune hemolysis assay to detect toxin antigen production in individual plaques, we identified rare phage mutants that were toxinogenic in high-iron medium. ly ... | 1981 | 6785449 |
| regulation of toxinogenesis in corynebacterium diphtheriae. ii. genetic mapping of a tox regulatory mutation in bacteriophage beta. | the structural gene for diphtherial toxin is present in corynebacteriophage beta. previous studies located several point mutations within the tox locus and determined the orientation of transcription of the toxin structural gene. the production of maximal quantities of toxin by corynebacterium diphtheriae c7(beta) occurs only when the bacteria are iron deficient. mutations in phage beta can affect this control of toxin production by iron. the tox-201 mutation regulates expression of the toxin st ... | 1981 | 6785450 |
| diphtheroid endocarditis after electrolysis. | 1981 | 6786539 | |
| [varieties of diphtheria: microbiological diagnosis and epidemiological observations (author's transl)]. | following several cases of diphtheria an epidemiological investigation was made in and around aachen. a total of 1458 throat and nose smears were examined for various corynebacteria species. other than in two patients who had diphtheria, toxin-producing corynebacterium diphtheriae was demonstrated in only one person who had been in immediate contact with them. of a total of 150 corynebacteria of different species which were isolated, two further isolates proved to be non-toxin-producing diphther ... | 1981 | 6786851 |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae in surgical wounds. | 1981 | 6786985 | |
| [antigenic characteristics of various toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of c. diphtheriae var. gravis]. | 1981 | 6787823 | |
| esculin hydrolysis by gram positive bacteria. a rapid test and it's comparison with other methods. | a number of bacteria hydrolyze esculin enzymatically to esculetin. this characteristic is used by taxonomists and clinical microbiologists in the differentiation and identification of bacteria, especially to distinguish lance-field group d streptococci from non-group d organisms and listeria monocytogenes from morphologically similar erysipelothrix rhusipoathiae and diphtheroids. conventional methods used for esculin hydrolysis require 4--48 h for completion. we developed and evaluated a medium ... | 1981 | 6783825 |
| [epidemiologic possibilities for phage typing diphtheria bacteria isolated from patients and carriers in the azerbaijan ssr]. | 1981 | 6453490 | |
| restriction map of corynebacteriophages beta c and beta vir and physical localization of the diphtheria tox operon. | the bamhi, ecori, hindiii, and kpni restriction endonuclease maps of corynebacteriophage beta c and beta vir were constructed. beta vir appeared to be identical to beta c, except for an approximate 1-kilobase deletion that removed a bamhi site, two kpni sites, and three ecori restriction sites. the diphtheria tox operon was located by hybridizing in vitro 32p-labeled tox messenger ribonucleic acid to blots of endonuclease-digested beta deoxyribonucleic acids. the messenger ribonucleic acid probe ... | 1981 | 6270058 |
| physical mapping of beta-converting and gamma-nonconverting corynebacteriophage genomes. | deoxyribonucleic acids (dnas) from wild-type and mutant strains of beta-converting and gamma-nonconverting corynebacteriophages were isolated and physically characterized. the data obtained from dna heteroduplexes, restriction enzyme banding profiles, and restriction maps reinforce the conclusion that beta and gamma phages are very closely related. the major physical differences seen in the dna heteroduplexes are a small substitution bubble and one or two insertions which are present on the gamm ... | 1981 | 6270059 |
| genetic elements novel for corynebacterium diphtheriae: specialized transducing elements and transposons. | it was shown in an accompanying paper (buck and groman, j. bacteriol. 148: 131-142, 1981) that gamma-tsr-1 phage stocks produced by heat induction of lysogens are a mixture of two phages which differ in the content of their deoxyribonucleic acid (dna). this difference is evidenced by the appearance of "heterogeneous" (het) fragments in restriction enzyme digests of gamma-tsr-1 phage dna. it was estimated that 20 to 80% of the phage in these lysates produced het fragments. the appearance of het f ... | 1981 | 6270060 |
| identification of deoxyribonucleic acid restriction fragments of beta-converting corynebacteriophages that carry the gene for diphtheria toxin. | deoxyribonucleic acid fragments bearing the gene for diphtheria toxin have been identified in restriction enzyme digests of deoxyribonucleic acids from beta-converting and gamma-nonconverting corynebacteriophages. a combination of physical and genetic evidence has established that the bam hi band c fragment of beta phage deoxyribonucleic acid, which carries the specific phage attachment site (buck and groman, j. bacteriol. 148:131-142, 1981), also carries most, and probably all, of the gene for ... | 1981 | 6270061 |
| complications of diphtheria seen during the 1978 outbreak in khartoum. | twenty-nine cases of complicated diphtheria infection occurring during an epidemic in khartoum are reviewed. the organism was a corynebacterium diphtheriae subsp. gravis with an unusual property of fermenting sucrose. eighteen patients were detected during prospective follow-up, where as 11 presented initially with a complication. complications were mostly seen among pre-school children (65.5%). a routine immunization course had been completed in only two of the patients. neurological complicati ... | 1981 | 6185059 |
| [bacteriological diagnosis of diphtheria (minimal diagnosis)]. | 1981 | 6212802 | |
| [initial studies for the development of processes in the production of bacterial vaccines by agitator culture]. | 1981 | 6278654 | |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae septicemia. | this report describes the case of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in whom septicemia caused by a nontoxigenic strain of corynebacterium diphtheriae developed. numerous abscesses were present in sections of liver and spleen taken at autopsy. the case is discussed, and the literature on infections caused by organisms of the genus corynebacterium is briefly reviewed. | 1981 | 7223724 |
| restriction endonuclease map of the nontoxigenic corynephage gamma c and its relationship to the toxigenic corynephage beta c. | clear-plaque-forming mutant gamma tox- corynephages were isolated independently from nontoxigenic lysogenic corynebacterium diphtheriae strains c7s(gamma tox-) and c4(gamma tox-). a physical map was constructed by using restriction endonucleases bamhi, ecori, hindiii, and kpni. a comparison of nontoxigenic gamma c with toxigenic corynephage beta c revealed large areas of homology, including common regions for cohesive ends (cos) and attachment sites (att). localization of the att sites on the be ... | 1982 | 6283169 |
| [trial of using a semiliquid tindale's medium for increasing the yield of corynebacterium diphtheriae]. | 1982 | 6174796 | |
| [use of a binocular stereoscopic microscope to select colonies of c. diphtheriae]. | 1982 | 6180244 | |
| [corynebacterium endocarditis. diagnostic difficulties (author's transl)]. | the authors report a case of endocarditis due to corynebacterium diphtheriae. the bacteriological study is difficult since this micro-organism can be undistinguishable from a saprophytic diphtheroid. the observed case is compared to previously published observations. all have in common the great severity of the illness, and the high mortality rate. despite the clinical symptoms and the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) abnormalities, meningitic involvement could not be demonstrated. | 1982 | 6277011 |
| diphtheria toxin and related proteins: effect of route of injection on toxicity and the determination of cytotoxicity for various cultured cells. | the effect of route of injection on the toxicity of intact diphtheria toxin, cross-reacting material (crm45), and diphtherial fragment a was compared in several animal species. by ordinary routes of injection, neither crm45 nor fragment a was toxic, even in species for which 0.1 micrograms of toxin/kg of body weight was lethal. after intracerebral injection, however, small amounts of crm45 led to paralysis and death, even in mice and rats--species that are resistant to toxin administered intrave ... | 1982 | 6798133 |
| the exotoxins of corynebacterium ulcerans. | the exotoxins produced by ten strains of c. ulcerans (two human, six bovine and two equine) have been studied. on the criteria of toxin-antitoxin neutralisation and immunoprecipitation tests using highly specific diphtheria and c. ovis antitoxins with crude toxic filtrates, (nh4)2so4 concentrates, and partially purified chromatographic preparations of these, together with the presence or absence of inhibition of the action of staphylococcal beta-haemolysin, and the reaction produced when injecte ... | 1982 | 6801113 |
| [accelerated identification method for corynebacterium diphtheriae]. | a method for rapid isolation of c. diphtheriae and determination of its biovar is proposed. the method consists in the inoculation of the material under study into 5% blood agar, the determination of cystinase in the modified pisou medium prepared from agar d with sodium hyposulfite added and the fermentation of starch in dishes with serum starch agar. the proposed method allows one to reduce the time necessary for the identification of c. diphtheriae by 18 hours. | 1982 | 6805177 |
| preliminary crystallographic investigation of the protein toxin from corynebacterium diphtheriae. | crystals of diphtheria toxin have been obtained in vapor diffusion experiments from concentrated solutions of potassium tartrate as the precipitating agent. the crystals are trigonal with unit cell dimensions a = b = 97.90 a and c = 100.30 a. the space group is p31 12 or its enantiomorph. the unit cell contains 6 molecules of molecular weight 62,000 with 1 molecule/asymmetric unit. the crystals diffract beyond 2.8 a resolution and are able to withstand more than 100 h of x-ray exposure. the comp ... | 1982 | 6806258 |
| burns and corynebacterium diphtheriae. | 1982 | 6807498 | |
| production of corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin in a bubble column fermentor. | 1982 | 6807989 | |
| tetracycline resistance of corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated from diphtheria patients in jakarta, indonesia. | of 133 corynebacterium diphtheriae isolates from diphtheria patients in jakarta, indonesia, 86% were resistant to greater than or equal to 32 micrograms of tetracycline per ml. all isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, penicillin, erythromycin, and kanamycin. the general resistance of c. diphtheriae to tetracycline in this part of indonesia appears to be unique compared with resistance reported in studies done in other parts of the world. | 1982 | 6808914 |
| [bacterial endocarditis due to corynebacterium diphtheriae (author's transl)]. | a case of bacterial endocarditis with unusual features in a 5 year-old boy is reported. there was no underlying heart disease or provocating factor. the organism was a non toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae which was difficult to classify. it appeared to be close to the jk group of corynebacterium described by the center for disease control and considered as possibly responsible for severe infections. however, it was sensitive to penicillin. the course of the disease was complicated by the de ... | 1982 | 6808967 |
| group jk diphteroids sepsis in a leukaemic patient. | 1982 | 6812335 | |
| the lowly diphtheriod: nondiphtheria corynebacterial infections in humans. | 1982 | 6814070 | |
| fatal diphtheria--wisconsin. | 1982 | 6817057 | |
| [isolation and identification of corynebacterium, listeria and erysipelothrix]. | 1982 | 6817545 | |
| fatty acid composition of some mycolic acid-containing coryneform bacteria. | the fatty acid profiles of 74 strains of mycolic acid-containing coryneform bacteria were examined by gas-liquid chromatography. all of the strains contained major amounts of straight-chain and monounsaturated fatty acids although some also possessed substantial amounts of 10-methyloctadecanoic acid. iso- and anteiso-branched acids were not present. five distinct fatty acid patterns were evident: (i) corynebacterium diphtheriae, c. pseudotuberculosis and 'c. ulcerans' strains contained major amo ... | 1982 | 6818327 |
| biotypes, toxigenicity and antibiotic sensitivity of corynebacterium diphtheriae. | 1982 | 6819337 | |
| isolation of c. diphtheriae gravis in leeds. | 1982 | 6821100 | |
| diphtheria of the eye. a forgotten diagnosis. | 1982 | 6821237 | |
| [survey on corynebacterium diphtheriae carriers and susceptibility to schick's toxin in diphtheria contacts]. | 1982 | 6821284 | |
| reclassification of corynebacterium pyogenes (glage) in the genus actinomyces, as actinomyces pyogenes comb.nov. | corynebacterium pyogenes (glage) differs to such an extent from the type species of corynebacterium, corynebacterium diphtheriae (lehmann and neumann), that it cannot be retained in this genus. numerical phenetic and chemical data indicate a close relationship between corynebacterium pyogenes and the species actinomyces bovis (harz). it is proposed that corynebacterium pyogenes be reclassified in the genus actinomyces, as actinomyces pyogenes (glage) comb.nov. | 1982 | 6750042 |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae endocarditis in an adult with congenital cyanotic heart disease. a case report. | corynebacterium diphtheriae is a very rare cause of both septicaemia and endocarditis. a case of endocarditis due to c. diphtheriae is reported and the clinical features and course of this case and other similar cases previously reported in the literature are compared. | 1982 | 7071685 |
| analysis of mycolic acids from a group of corynebacteria by capillary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. | the cell wall of leprosy-derived corynebacteria (a group of 'diphtheroids' isolated from human leprosy lesions and patients' blood) was previously shown to contain, in addition to peptidoglycan and arabinogalactan, mycolic acids. these alpha-branched beta-hydroxy fatty acids were attributed to the corynomycolic group, according to their rf in monodimensional thin-layer chromatography. in the present work, mycolic acids from leprosy-derived and reference corynebacteria have been fractionated by m ... | 1982 | 7106128 |
| [purulent otitis media caused by corynebacterium diphtheriae]. | 1983 | 6887703 | |
| counterimmunoelectrophoresis for identification of toxinogenesis in corynebacterium diphtheriae. | 1983 | 6424628 | |
| synthesis of proteins by membrane-associated polysomes and free polysomes. | 1983 | 6419018 | |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae endocarditis. | 1983 | 6419207 | |
| antibiotic resistance of corynebacterium diphtheriae in west africa. | 1983 | 6420475 | |
| antibody responses elicited by a polyvalent vaccine containing synthetic diphtheric, streptococcal and hepatitis peptides coupled to the same carrier. | three synthetic peptides copying fragments of the diphtheria toxin, the m protein of the streptococcus type 24 and the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbs) have been conjugated together to the tetanus toxoid. this polyvalent vaccine has been administered to mice. high antibody titers were obtained against the three antigens. no cross-reactivity could be observed between them as demonstrated by the ability of each peptide to inhibit only the antibodies against the natural m protein and the syn ... | 1983 | 6421289 |
| rapid microbiochemical identification of corynebacterium diphtheriae and other medically important corynebacteria. | a rapid biochemical method based on the fermentation of carbohydrates, the hydrolysis of urea, and the reduction of nitrate was used to identify corynebacterium diphtheriae, c. ulcerans, c. pseudodiphtheriticum, c. haemolyticum, c. pseudotuberculosis, c. pyogenes, c. ovis, the centers for disease control jk group, and rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi. with this procedure identification was confirmed for 133 stock cultures and clinical isolates of corynebacteria. most were identified within 1 h ... | 1983 | 6355166 |
| hydrogen peroxide-mediated antagonism against serratia marcescens by streptococcus mitis. | the alpha-hemolytic streptococcus mitis strain no. 17-1, isolated from the oral cavity of an healthy female adult, antagonized the growth of all 24 test strains of serratia marcescens examined; furthermore, this strain inhibited the growth of various strains of staphylococcus aureus, s. epidermidis, streptococcus pyogenes, s. agalactiae, s. pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, listeria monocytogenes, and corynebacterium diphtheriae. however, strans of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebs ... | 1983 | 6372321 |
| [bacteriological findings in a group of students from designated health sector]. | the results of a pharyngeal swab bacteriological examination carried on all first-year primary schoolchildren in a local health area are presented. beta-haemolytic streptococci, staphylococcus aureus coagulase + and corynebacterium diphteriae percentages are illustrated, together with observations of a prophylactic and curative nature. | 1983 | 6426439 |
| incidence of cutaneous diphtheria in bangladesh. | corynebacterium diphtheriae (c. diphtheriae) was isolated from 23 (7%) skin ulcers out of 327 cases studied. eight (33%) of the 23 positive cases belonged to the age group of 6 to 10 years. of the 19 strains of c. diphtheriae typed, 18 (95%) were gravis and of which 14 (77%) were toxigenic. more than 90% of the c. diphtheriae positive ulcer cases had serum anti-toxin level at or above the protective level as against 49% of control. no diphtheria bacilli were isolated from throat of any of the sk ... | 1983 | 6426456 |
| immunisation of adults during an outbreak of diphtheria. | in an outbreak of infection due to corynebacterium diphtheriae in a hospital for mentally subnormal adults sera from 211 members of staff were screened for diphtheria antitoxin titres. of these, 79 (37%) required immunisation, and a low dose preparation (1 lfu of diphtheria and 10 lfu tetanus toxoids) was offered. of the 64 subjects who accepted a single immunisation and were subsequently retested, seroconversion to diphtheria toxoid occurred in 45 (70%), the rate being highest in younger adults ... | 1983 | 6402176 |
| integration of corynebacteriophages beta tox+, omega tox+, and gamma tox- into two attachment sites on the corynebacterium diphtheriae chromosome. | the bacterial attachment sites of independently isolated corynebacterium diphtheriae strains c7s and (belfanti)1030 lysogenic for corynebacteriophages beta tox+, omega tox+, and gamma tox- were determined by southern blot analysis. both corynebacterial strains contained two distinct bacterial attachment sites (attb1 and attb2). we found that infection by any of the three closely related corynebacteriophages may give rise to single, double, and triple lysogens. in the case of toxigenic c. diphthe ... | 1983 | 6402488 |
| regulation of toxinogenesis in corynebacterium diphtheriae: mutations in the bacterial genome that alter the effects of iron on toxin production. | mutants of corynebacterium diphtheriae c7(beta) that are resistant to the inhibitory effects of iron on toxinogenesis were identified by their ability to form colonies surrounded by toxin-antitoxin halos on agar medium containing both antitoxin and a high concentration of iron. chromosomal mutations were essential for the altered phenotypes of four independently isolated mutant strains. during growth in deferrated liquid medium containing various amounts of added iron, these mutants differed fro ... | 1983 | 6403502 |
| toxin gene cloning. | 1983 | 6403871 | |
| cloned fragment a of diphtheria toxin is expressed and secreted into the periplasmic space of escherichia coli k12. | an 831-base pair segment of the corynebacteriophage beta tox-45 genome encoding fragment a of diphtheria toxin was cloned into plasmid puc8 in escherichia coli k12. strains containing recombinant plasmids expressed the adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase activity characteristic of fragment a; this activity could be inhibited by polyvalent antiserum to fragment a as well as by the appropriate monoclonal antibodies to diphtheria toxin. the transferase activity was secreted into the periplasm ... | 1983 | 6403984 |
| [improvement of the preliminary classification of corynebacterium diphtheriae v. gravis]. | in this study the previously published preliminary scheme for the subdivision of toxigenic and nontoxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae, classified with cultivar gravis, is made more precise. 3 groups remain in this scheme: i, ii and iii; each of them contains toxigenic c. diphtheriae (subgroup a) and nontoxigenic precursors of c. diphtheriae (subgroup b). for the first time nontoxigenic analogs of c. diphtheriae, phagovar opqstg, have been introduced into group i and newly discovered toxigenic ... | 1983 | 6404081 |
| which bacterial species should be isolated from throat cultures? | 1983 | 6404623 | |
| the role of adherence in determining the site of infection by corynebacterium diphtheriae. | twenty-nine strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated from throats and 29 strains from skin lesions, the latter mainly from communities of low socio-economic status in tropics and cold climates, have been examined for the property of adherence to human buccal epithelial cells. all throat strains showed adherence. in contrast, strains from skin lesions were predominantly poor adherers. these results indicate that strains of c. diptheriae from throats must now be added to the important group ... | 1983 | 6408164 |
| initial characterization of the ferric iron transport system of corynebacterium diphtheriae. | transport of ferric iron into corynebacterium diphtheriae c7(beta) was shown to occur by a high-affinity, active transport system. optimal rates were at ph 6.8 and 40 degrees c. strong inhibition of uptake by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone was consistent with the electrochemical proton gradient as the major energy source for iron transport, and inhibition by hg2+ indicated that sulfhydryl groups were also important. evidence was obtained for stimulation of iron uptake at ph 8.0 by a di ... | 1983 | 6411692 |
| diphtheria: the logistics of mass swabbing. | although diphtheria is a rare disease it is necessary to swab contacts of all cases in order to identify carriers. the selection of individuals who should be swabbed and the organisation of mass swabbing so that there is the minimum of delay between collection, culture and reporting are described. with this organisation it is possible for a laboratory to culture at least 1000 swabs in any one day. | 1983 | 6411823 |
| prevalence of diphtheria carriers among pre-school children. | the carrier rate of corynebacterium diphtheriae in 453 pre-school children in ulloor panchayat, trivandrum, kerala state, india was assessed from november 1976-july 1977. throat and nasal swabs were cultured by standard techniques, and suspect colonies tested for virulence in rabbits. 16 or 3.5% of the children harbored diphtheria; 7 of these were 4-5 years old. only 1 of the c. diphtheriae strains was found to be virulent. several of the isolates were nonvirulent mitis strains, while no int ... | 1983 | 6413401 |
| immunodiffusion analyses of some diphtheroid organisms isolated from patients with leprosy. | eight strains of diphtheroid bacteria isolated from patients with leprosy were analyzed by immunodiffusion, using precipitation systems representing various species of corynebacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, and related organisms. the analyses showed that six of the eight strains shared several antigens with representatives of these four genera. the largest number of shared precipitinogens was revealed when the corynebacterial precipitation systems were used, thus indicating that ... | 1983 | 6413437 |
| [circulation of the causative agent of diphtheria in immune collectives]. | prolonged observations on the spread of toxigenic c. diphtheriae carriership, made during a school year in 12 groups of immune children (3809 children), showed that the penetration of diphtherial infection could give rise to the outbreak of bacterial carriership, its level being as high as 20.9-35.1% of the total number of children in the group. the spread of bacterial carriership occurred during the first months after the penetration of the infection, achieving its peak, then followed the subsi ... | 1983 | 6415973 |
| [bacteriocinogeny of staphylococci]. | 1983 | 6415977 | |
| isolation and characterization of corynebacterium diphtheriae nontandem double lysogens hyperproducing crm197. | phage beta 197tox-, which codes for crm197, a nontoxic protein immunochemically indistinguishable from diphtheria toxin, was uv induced from a culture of the c7(beta 197)tox- strain. a total of 191 c7(beta 197)tox- lysogens were isolated and selected according to the halo produced on tye agar containing antidiphtheria toxin serum and were further characterized by southern blots of their chromosomal dna. most of the isolates turned out to be monolysogens, but some tandem and nontandem double lyso ... | 1983 | 6416165 |
| growth of the surface of corynebacterium diphtheriae. | surface structure and growth of the surface of corynebacterium diphtheriae mitis strain were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the immunofluorescence technique. the surface of the cell revealed by the scanning electron microscope showed a few elevated circular zones which encompassed the cell. the cell diameter increased at this zone and this gave the club-shaped appearance to this species. the cell surface labeled with specific antibodies against the whole bacterial cell and tagg ... | 1983 | 6417458 |
| studies on the molecular epidemiology of diphtheria. | dna was extracted from toxigenic and nontoxigenic (tox+ and tox-) diphtheria bacilli isolated during a carrier survey that followed recovery of a tox+ corynebacterium diphtheriae mitis from a baby with membranous tonsillitis. the electrophoretic gel patterns of restriction enzyme digests were indistinguishable from one another. they were, however, readily distinguishable from similar gels of dnas extracted from diphtheria bacilli associated with outbreaks elsewhere. hybridisation of a labelled n ... | 1983 | 6138500 |
| epidemiology of diphtheria: genetics illuminate. | 1983 | 6138508 | |
| restriction endonuclease map of corynebacteriophage omega ctox+ isolated from the park-williams no. 8 strain of corynebacterium diphtheriae. | the toxigenic corynebacteriophage omega tox+ was isolated from the hypertoxigenic park-williams no. 8 (pw8) strain of corynebacterium diphtheriae and compared with the toxigenic corynebacteriophage beta tox+. the physical size and host range of both phages were found to be identical. an endonuclease restriction map of omega tox+ was constructed, and the locations of the cohesive ends (cos), phage attachment site (attp), and the diphtheria tox operon were identified. the genome of omega tox+ was ... | 1983 | 6300416 |
| detection and expression of dna homologous to the tox gene in nontoxinogenic isolates of corynebacterium diphtheriae. | three probes have been described which can be used to detect the presence of dna sequences homologous to the tox gene of corynebacterium diphtheriae. probes "a" and "b" detected sequences coding for a and b fragments of diphtheria toxin, respectively. the third "a-b" probe contained both the a and b coding sequences. the b probe was completely unambiguous in detecting only toxin-related sequences, and the a probe was only slightly less so. the efficacy of the probes was tested on a series of tox ... | 1983 | 6311753 |
| molecular cloning and expression of gene fragments from corynebacteriophage beta encoding enzymatically active peptides of diphtheria toxin. | two restriction fragments from corynebacteriophage beta vir tox+ that encode peptides similar to diphtheria toxin fragment a and the chain termination fragment, crm45, have been cloned into escherichia coli in plasmid pbr322. clones containing the recombinant plasmids produced gene products that were active in catalyzing the adp ribosylation of elongation factor 2 and were reactive with diphtheria toxin antiserum. toxin-related peptides were found primarily in the periplasmic compartment and wer ... | 1983 | 6313613 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for diphtheria toxin in the corynephage omega (tox+) genome. | a segment of corynephage omega (tox+) dna, containing the gene for diphtheria toxin (tox) was fragmented with restriction enzymes and the fragments cloned into m13 vectors for nucleotide sequence determination. a long open reading frame was shown to encode the tox gene by comparing the predicted amino acid sequence with that of peptides derived from the mature toxin molecule. analysis of the nucleotide sequence shows rna polymerase and ribosome binding signals preceding a gtg codon in the open r ... | 1983 | 6314249 |
| [determination of in vivo and in vitro toxin activity. i. a new method of determining in vitro activity]. | the potency of 5 toxins of different microbial species has been studied by common in vivo methods and by the in vitro method based on measuring the relative test-microbe growth inhibiting units 50. the possibility of using this method for the determination of toxicity in vitro with a view of studying the potency of diphtheria and gas-gangrene exotoxins, as well as that of pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin, is substantiated. | 1983 | 6314713 |
| nucleotide sequence of the structural gene for diphtheria toxin carried by corynebacteriophage beta. | a 1,942-base-pair dna segment encoding the structural gene for diphtheria toxin was sequenced, and the primary structure of the toxin was deduced. restriction enzyme fragments corresponding to nontoxic or hypotoxic peptides of the toxin were isolated from corynebacteriophage beta and cloned into escherichia coli on plasmid pbr322, and the sequence was determined. the mature toxin molecule deduced from the sequence has 535 amino acid residues and a molecular weight of 58,342. the deduced sequence ... | 1983 | 6316330 |
| relationship between png2, an emr plasmid in corynebacterium diphtheriae, and plasmids in aerobic skin coryneforms. | erythromycin-resistant (emr) coryneforms from cutaneous lesions and erythromycin-susceptible (ems) coryneforms from normal skin sites were screened for plasmids. approximately one-third of the 40 isolates carried one or more plasmids ranging in mass from 2.5 to 36 megadaltons, all exhibiting different restriction enzyme digest patterns. in contrast, only corynebacterium diphtheriae strains comprising a single cohort of apparently identical emr, png2-carrying isolates have been identified as plas ... | 1983 | 6318665 |
| infective endocarditis due to non-toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae in a child. a case report. | a case of infective endocarditis (ie) in a 5 1/2-year-old boy in whom blood and bone marrow cultures yielded an unusual organism, a non-toxigenic strain of corynebacterium diphtheriae, is reported. this proved fatal, and at autopsy congenital valvar aortic stenosis was found, but the vegetations occurred on an anatomically normal mitral valve. organisms such as c. diphtheriae should not be ignored when isolated from blood cultures in suspected cases of ie. | 1983 | 6218629 |
| [epidemiology of diphtheria in the rsfsr during mass immunization over many years]. | the work defines the characteristic epidemiological features of diphtheria in the rsfsr at the present moment when a high level of antitoxic immunity is generally determined in children. with the diphtheria morbidity level having, on the whole, a sporadic character in the rsfsr, the intensification of the epidemic process has been found to occur in some regions. changes in the ratio of morbidity rates among the urban and rural population are observed, the morbidity rate among the latter have the ... | 1983 | 6227172 |
| comparative in vitro activities of teichomycin and other antibiotics against jk diphtheroids. | the in vitro susceptibilities of 98 isolates of jk diphtheroids to teichomycin, vancomycin, and eight other antibiotics was investigated. teichomycin and vancomycin were extremely active against all the isolates tested. the 90% minimal inhibitory concentrations for teichomycin and vancomycin were 1.56 and 0.78 micrograms/ml, respectively. the majority of the isolates were resistant to ticarcillin, methicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and cephalothin. | 1983 | 6227280 |
| [results of conducting an epidemiological survey of diphtheria in 21 territories of the rsfsr]. | as the result of epidemiological survey of diphtherial infection, carried out in conformity with the unified methodological recommendations in 21 regions of the rsfsr during 1980-1981, the expediency of such experiment was established. immunity to diphtheria in children aged up to 14 years was high: children with negative schick tests constituted 96.9-99.1%. no biological changes in corynebacterium diphtheriae occurred during the term of observation. toxigenic c. diphtheriae showed a high level ... | 1983 | 6229118 |
| antibacterial activity of palmitoyltuberactinamine n and di-beta-lysylcapreomycin iia. | palmitoyltuberactinamine n (pal-tua n) and di-beta-lysylcapreomycin iia (di-beta-lys-cpm iia), which are synthetic derivatives of the antituberculous agent tuberactinomycin (tum) and capreomycin (cpm) respectively, were tested for anti-bacterial activity. pal-tua n inhibited not only tuberactinomycin-resistant mycobacterium smegmatis but also escherichia coli, corynebacterium diphtheriae, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, although it has lost activity against mycobacterium tuberculo ... | 1983 | 6198315 |
| [template device for determining the toxigenicity of corynebacterium diphtheriae in experiments in vitro]. | 1984 | 6206301 | |
| molecular cloning of bacterial antigens and virulence determinants. | 1984 | 6208843 | |
| physical map of the chromosomal region of corynebacterium diphtheriae containing corynephage attachment sites attb1 and attb2. | the chromosome of corynebacterium diphtheriae c7 was recently shown to contain two equivalent attachment sites (attb1 and attb2) for lysogenization by corynephages (r. rappuoli, j.l. michel, and j.r. murphy, j. bacteriol. 153:1202-1210, 1983). portions of bacterial chromosome containing each attb site, as well as a 3.5-kilobase (kb) ecori fragment containing both attb1 and attb2 sites, were cloned in the puc8 plasmid vector. restriction endonuclease mapping and southern blot hybridization analys ... | 1984 | 6325395 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis responses to dna probes derived from corynephage beta and corynebacterium diphtheriae. | strains of corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (corynebacterium ovis) were examined for the production of diphtheria toxin. a majority of c. ulcerans strains (25 of 37) and 1 c. pseudotuberculosis strain (1 of 14) gave a positive elek test for diphtheria toxin, and for all strains but 1, production of diphtheria toxin was inhibited at the same level of fe2+ as was the corynebacterium diphtheriae control. all elek-positive cultures as well as two elek-negative isolates ... | 1984 | 6086530 |
| measurement of microbial alpha-amylases with p-nitrophenyl glycosides as the substrate complex. | the detection of alpha-amylase is commonly used in clinical microbiology laboratories to aid in differentiating streptococcus bovis from other streptococci. it is also useful in identifying eikenella corrodens and the gravis subspecies of corynebacterium diphtheriae and in separating species of the genera bacteroides, clostridium, actinomyces, and bacillus. currently, the most frequently used procedure utilizes starch as the substrate and iodine as the indicator. starch is incorporated into a ag ... | 1984 | 6418764 |
| elemental composition of bacterial metachromatic inclusions determined by electron microprobe x-ray analysis. | electron microscopy and microprobe x-ray analysis were used to study metachromatic inclusions of spirillum itersonii , corynebacterium diphtheriae, and micrococcus luteus. in situ metachromatic inclusions were electron dense and contained phosphorus and divalent cations. metachromatic inclusions isolated by anion-exchange column chromatography and by isoosmolar metrizamide density gradient centrifugation were similar in composition to in situ inclusions. | 1984 | 6427179 |
| the amino-acid sequence of two non-toxic mutants of diphtheria toxin: crm45 and crm197. | the amino-acid sequences of two diphtheria toxin-related, non-toxic proteins, crm45 and crm197 , were deduced from the complete sequence of their genes: tox 45 and tox 197. crm45 lacks the last 149 c-terminal amino-acid residues, but is otherwise identical to diphtheria toxin: a single c----t transition introduces an "ochre" (taa) termination signal in tox 45, after the codon for threonine-386. a single g----a transition was also found in tox 197, leading to the substitution of glycine-52, prese ... | 1984 | 6427753 |
| [dna homology study of corynebacterium diphtheriae v. gravis groups i, ii and iii, corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (ovis)]. | the homology of genomes within krylova 's groups i, ii and iii of c. diphtheriae, including toxigenic c. diphtheriae and their nontoxigenic precursors within the same group, was confirmed by the method of dna/dna molecular hybridization; the homology of dna within the groups was 89-103%, the thermostability of heteroduplexes being high (on the level of homoduplexes ). the heterogeneity of genomes within these 3 groups of cultivar gravis was confirmed, which made it possible to consider c. diphth ... | 1984 | 6428091 |
| genetic and biochemical evidence for a siderophore-dependent iron transport system in corynebacterium diphtheriae. | during growth under conditions of iron deprivation, corynebacterium diphtheriae secreted a siderophore into the culture medium. this extracellular siderophore was necessary for rates of iron uptake at ph 8.0 by c. diphtheriae c7 and related strains. we isolated a mutant of c. diphtheriae c7(beta), strain hc6, which did not make the corynebacterial siderophore. strain hc6 grew very poorly, even under high-iron conditions, and had a severe defect in iron transport. both growth and iron uptake by s ... | 1984 | 6429042 |
| [use of paper indicator systems for the rapid identification of corynebacterium diphtheriae, neisseria meningitidis and the genus staphylococcus]. | the possibility of using paper indicator discs with glucose, saccharose, lactose and urea, manufactured at the gorky research institute of epidemiology and microbiology, has been studied and the methods for the preparation of indicator discs with fructose, maltose, starch and sodium phenolphthalein-phosphate for the biochemical identification of c. diphtheriae, n. meningitidis and staphylococci have been proposed. the study of 395 c. diphtheriae strains, 98 n. meningitidis strains and 328 staphy ... | 1984 | 6429985 |
| detection of toxin production by corynebacterium diphtheriae: results of a trial organised as part of the united kingdom national external microbiological quality assessment scheme. | four strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae were sent to uk participants in the uk national external microbiological quality assessment scheme, who were asked to examine the strains for toxin production by in vitro methods. laboratories achieved 162/176 (92%) and 160/175 (91%) correct results with two rapid toxin producers and 145/175 (82%) with a slow toxin producer. with a non-toxigenic strain 26/175 (15%) laboratories reported toxin production. of the 173 laboratories reporting on all four st ... | 1984 | 6430970 |
| splenic abscess caused by corynebacterium diphtheriae. | 1984 | 6432397 | |
| the diphtheria bacillus and its toxin: a model system. | 1984 | 6439779 | |
| conversion by corynephages and its role in the natural history of diphtheria. | the conversion of non-toxinogenic corynebacterium diphtheriae to toxinogeny has been reviewed. the biology of converting phage and the relationship of converting phages to nonconverting phages are summarized. the significance of these findings to the natural history and evolution of diphtheria is assessed. | 1984 | 6439780 |