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[a school program for dengue control in honduras: from knowledge to action].the environmental school program (pea, for its spanish acronym), a dengue control initiative focused on primary schools that took place during 2005-2010 in several cities in honduras, is described. the environmental health program was designed to increase knowledge and develop skills in the identification and control of aedes aegypti breeding sites, as well as in water and solid waste management. the results, as measured by behavioral change and reduced larval indices, were satisfactory in the m ...201222858820
electroantennogram, flight orientation and oviposition responses of anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti to a fatty acid ester-propyl octadecanoate.studies were carried out to evaluate the role of a c(21)-fatty acid ester; propyl octadecanoate (po) for olfaction-mediated behavioral responses of urban malaria vector, anopheles stephensi and dengue vector, aedes aegypti mosquitoes using electroantennogram (eag), flight orientation and oviposition experiments. dose dependent electrophysiological responses were recorded for po from the antenna of both mosquito species in which 10(-5) g elicited significant eag response. an. stephensi exhibited ...201222750483
larvicidal activity of morinda citrifolia l. (noni) (family: rubiaceae) leaf extract against anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus, and aedes aegypti.morinda citrifolia leaf extract was tested for larvicidal activity against three medically important mosquito vectors such as malarial vector anopheles stephensi, dengue vector aedes aegypti, and filarial vector culex quinquefasciatus. the plant material was shade dried at room temperature and powdered coarsely. from the leaf, 1-kg powder was macerated with 3.0 l of hexane, chloroform, acetone, methanol, and water sequentially for a period of 72 h each and filtered. the yield of extracts was hex ...201222740293
modeling the transmission dynamics of dengue fever: implications of temperature effects.the purpose of this study was to investigate the transmission dynamic modeling of dengue fever in subtropical taiwan by the contributing temperature-dependent entomological parameters of aedes aegypti. a vector-host transmission model was used to explore the temperature variation of pre-adult mosquito maturation, oviposition rate, adult mosquito death rate, and virus incubation rate in the mosquito. sensitivity analysis, by transmissible biting rate and the initial mosquito population, was adapt ...201222705874
insecticidal activity against aedes aegypti of m-pentadecadienyl-phenol isolated from myracrodruon urundeuva seeds.myracrodruon urundeuva fr. allemao is a common tree in the caatinga that has been widely used for various medical purposes. previous studies showed that the ethanol seed extract of m. urundeuva has potent activity against the larval stage of the dengue vector aedes aegypti. given this potential insecticidal activity, bioguided separation steps were performed in order to isolate the active compound(s).201222689540
impacts of wolbachia infection on predator prey relationships: evaluating survival and horizontal transfer between wmelpop infected aedes aegypti and its predators.the wmelpop strain of wolbachia is currently being investigated for its potential use as a biological control agent to reduce the ability of aedes aegypti (l.) mosquitoes to transmit dengue viruses. the survival of a potential wmelpop infected ae. aegypti strain for field release is important as a higher susceptibility to predation in the wmelpop strain could result in difficulties in achieving fixation. we investigated immature and adult survival as a function of susceptibility to predation by ...201222679870
structure-activity relationships of eugenol derivatives against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae.dengue fever is a severe public health problem for several countries. in order to find effective larvicides to aid control programs, the structure-activity relationships of eugenol derivatives against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae were evaluated. additionally, the composition and larvicidal activity of syzygium aromaticum essential oil was assessed.201222674880
using recombinant dna technology for the development of live-attenuated dengue vaccines.dramatic increases in dengue (den) incidence and disease severity have been reported, in great part due to the geographic expansion of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. one result is the expanded co-circulation of all dengue 1-4 serotype viruses (denv) in urban areas worldwide, especially in south and south-east asia, and south america. den disease severity ranges from asymptomatic infections to febrile dengue fevers (df) to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) and dengue ...201222664189
assessing the risk for dengue fever based on socioeconomic and environmental variables in a geographical information system environment.an important option in preventing the spread of dengue fever (df) is to control and monitor its vector (aedes aegypti) as well as to locate and destroy suitable mosquito breeding environments. the aim of the present study was to use a combination of environmental and socioeconomic variables to model areas at risk of df. these variables include clinically confirmed df cases, mosquito counts, population density in inhabited areas, total populations per district, water access, neighbourhood quality ...201222639119
impact of road networks on the distribution of dengue fever cases in trinidad, west indies.this study examined the impact of road networks on the distribution of dengue fever cases in trinidad, west indies. all confirmed cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) observed during 1998 were georeferenced and spatially located on a road map of trinidad using geographic information systems software. a new digital geographic layer representing these cases was created and the distances from these cases to the nearest classified road category (5 classifications based on a functional utility sys ...201222609547
silica nanoparticle: a potential new insecticide for mosquito vector control.presently, there is a need for increased efforts to develop newer and effective methods to control mosquito vectors as the existing chemical and biological methods are not as effective as in earlier period owing to different technical and operational reasons. the use of nanomaterial products in various sectors of science including health increased during the last decade. we tested three types of nanosilica, namely lipophilic, hydrophilic and hydrophobic, to assess their larvicidal, pupicidal and ...201222565400
larvicidal activity of pectolinaringenin from clerodendrum phlomidis l. against culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae).larvicidal activity of 12 fractions and a compound of chloroform extract of clerodendrum phlomidis l. (lamiaceae) was assayed for their toxicity against the early fourth-instar larvae of the filarial vector culex quinquefasciatus say and dengue vector aedes aegypti l. the fractions were tested at 100-, 50-, 25- and 12.5-ppm concentrations. the compound pectolinaringenin was tested at 5-, 2.5-, 1.0- and 0.5-ppm concentrations. among the different fractions, fraction 5 recorded the lowest lc(50) a ...201222562213
oviposition and flight orientation response of aedes aegypti to certain aromatic aryl hydrazono esters.aedes aegypti is a day-biting, highly anthropophilic mosquito and a potential vector of dengue and chikungunya in india. a. aegypti is a container breeder, generally oviposit in the stored and fresh water bodies, and discarded containers near residential areas that provide suitable habitats for oviposition by gravid females. the diurnal activity and endophilic nature of these mosquitoes have increased the frequency of contact with human being. assured blood meal from human host in an infested ar ...201222552771
the influence of larval density, food stress, and parasitism on the bionomics of the dengue vector aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): implications for integrated vector management.new larval control strategies for integrated vector management of aedes aegypti are in high demand, including the use of biological control agents. exposure of aedes aegypti to parasites, starvation, and overcrowded conditions during larval development reduces the probability of survival to eclosion, can directly affect fitness parameters such as adult size and fecundity, and can affect the size, provisioning, and viability of eggs produced by females. we compared these parameters after exposing ...201222548557
spatial and temporal dynamics of aedes aegypti larval sites in bello, colombia.counts of immature stages of the mosquito aedes aegypti have been used to calculate several entomological indices of dengue vector abundance. some studies have concluded that these indices can be used as indicators of dengue epidemic risk, while other studies have failed to find a predictive relationship. ecological niche models have been able to predict distributional patterns in space and time, not only of vectors, but also of the diseases that they transmit. in this study, we used landsat 7 e ...201222548535
variation in aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera, culicidae) infestation in artificial containers in caxias, state of maranhão, brazil.dengue is a serious public health problem worldwide, with cases reported annually in tropical and subtropical regions. aedes aegypti (linnaeus, 1762), the main vector of dengue, is a domiciliary species with high dispersal and survival capacities and can use various artificial containers as breeding sites. we assessed potential container breeding sites of a. aegypti in the municipality of caxias, maranhão, brazil.201222534987
discriminating lethal concentrations and efficacy of six pyrethroids for control of aedes aegypti in thailand.establishing baseline insecticide discriminating doses is crucial in accurately determining susceptibility status and changing temporal patterns of physiological response in mosquito populations. pyrethroids are the predominant chemicals used for controlling adult aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus, both vectors of dengue viruses, in thailand. presently, only 2 pyrethroids, permethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, have published diagnostic dose rates for monitoring ae. aegypti. this study established th ...201222533081
genetic structure and phylogeography of aedes aegypti, the dengue and yellow-fever mosquito vector in bolivia.between the 16th and 18th centuries, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), a mosquito native to africa, invaded the americas, where it was successively responsible for the emergence of yellow fever (yf) and dengue (den). the species was eradicated from numerous american countries in the mid-20th century, but re-invaded them in the 1970s and 1980s. little is known about the precise identities of ae. aegypti populations which successively thrived in south america, or their relation with the epidemio ...201222522103
the efficacy of a chitin synthesis inhibitor against field populations of organophosphate-resistant aedes aegypti in brazil.the mosquito aedes aegypti is the main focus of dengue control campaigns. because of widespread resistance against conventional chemical insecticides, chitin synthesis inhibitors (csis) are considered control alternatives. we evaluated the resistance status of four brazilian ae. aegypti populations to both the organophosphate temephos and the pyrethroid deltamethrin, which are used in brazil to control larvae and adults, respectively. all vector populations exhibited high levels of temephos resi ...201222510835
using bacteria to treat diseases.mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever result in significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. vector control is often the most effective strategy to prevent disease transmission and novel methods are required to complement existing insecticide-based strategies. biological control uses natural predators or pathogens to kill mosquitoes or reduce their capacity to transmit disease. bacteria such as wolbachia have been proposed to have the potential to provide effec ...201222500583
a community empowerment strategy embedded in a routine dengue vector control programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial.the non-sustainability of vertically organised dengue vector control programmes led to pleas for changing the emphasis towards community-based strategies. we conducted a cluster randomised controlled trial with 16 intervention and 16 control clusters to test the effectiveness of a community empowerment strategy intertwined with the routine dengue vector control programme in la lisa, havana city, cuba. the intervention included four components on top of routine control: organisation and managemen ...201222465423
the key breeding sites by pupal survey for dengue mosquito vectors, aedes aegypti (linnaeus) and aedes albopictus (skuse), in guba, cebu city, philippines.we conducted this study to assess how well a pupal survey of dengue mosquito vectors, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, is able to target the most productive breeding sites. the study was carried out monthly during the rainy season (8 months) in 2008 in cuba, cebu city, philippines. the hypotheses tested were: 1) most pupae of ae. aegypti or ae. albopictus were produced in a few types of breeding sites and 2) the most productive types of breeding sites for each species were the most abundant. ...201223413699
dengue vector control and surveillance during a major outbreak in a coastal red sea area in sudan.an unprecedented dengue outbreak occurred in 2010 in port sudan city, sudan. dengue incidence was 94 cases per 10 000 observed over 17 epidemiological weeks (total cases = 3 765). we report here the impact of the vector control response plan to the outbreak, which mainly entailed house inspection and insecticide space spraying. in total 3 048 houses were inspected during vector surveillance and 19 794 larvae and 3 240 pupae of aedes aegypti were collected. entomological indices decreased during ...201223301396
ongoing outbreak of dengue type 1 in the autonomous region of madeira, portugal: preliminary report.following the identification of two autochthonous cases of dengue type 1 on 3 october 2012, an outbreak of dengue fever has been reported in madeira, portugal. as of 25 november, 1,891 cases have been detected on the island where the vector aedes aegypti had been established in some areas since 2005. this event represents the first epidemic of dengue fever in europe since 1928 and concerted control measures have been initiated by local health authorities.201223231893
bdelloid rotifer, philodina species in the breeding containers of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus.the vector mosquitoes of dengue and chikungunya fever, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus have adapted to feed on humans and undergo larval and pupal development in natural and artificial freshwater collections. although several studies reported, still, much information is required to understand the successful survival of aedes mosquitoes in small temporary containers. in an investigation conducted in the chikungunya affected areas of kerala state, india, the presence of bdelloid rotifer, philod ...201223202612
the influence of local environment on the aging and mortality of aedes aegypti (l.): case study in fortaleza-ce, brazil.it is generally assumed that the daily probability of survival of mosquitoes is independent of age. to test this assumption we have conducted a three-year experimental fieldwork study (2005-2007) at fortaleza-ce in brazil, determining daily survival rates of the dengue vector aedes aegypti (l.). survival rates of adult ae. aegypti may be age-dependent and the statistical analysis is a sensitive approach for comparing patterns of mosquito survival. the mosquito survival data were better fit by a ...201223181868
fitness evaluation of two brazilian aedes aegypti field populations with distinct levels of resistance to the organophosphate temephos.in brazil, decades of dengue vector control using organophosphates and pyrethroids have led to dissemination of resistance. although these insecticides have been employed for decades against aedes aegypti in the country, knowledge of the impact of temephos resistance on vector viability is limited. we evaluated several fitness parameters in two brazilian ae. aegypti populations, both classified as deltamethrin resistant but with distinct resistant ratios (rr) for temephos. the insecticide-suscep ...201223147149
genetically modified mosquito: the malaysian public engagement experience.on december 21, 2010, 6000 genetically modified (gm) mosquitoes were released in an uninhabited forest in malaysia. the purpose of the deliberate release was a limited “marked release and recapture” (mrr) experiment, a standard ecological method in entomology, to evaluate under field conditions, the flight distance and longevity of the sterile male aedes aegypti strain ox513a(my1), a gm strain. as with any other gm technologies, the release was received with mixed responses. as the scientific co ...201223125042
morphological changes in the midgut of aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) larvae following exposure to an annona coriacea (magnoliales: annonaceae) extract.bioinsecticides are important in the control of disease vectors, but data regarding their physiological effects on target insects are incomplete. this study describes morphological changes that occur in the midgut of third instar aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae) following treatment with a methanolic extract of annona coriacea (magnoliales: annonaceae). dissected midguts were subdivided into anterior and posterior regions and analyzed by light and scanning electron microscopy. insects expose ...201223950067
[bilateral optic neuritis after dengue viral infection: case report].dengue fever is a well known viral infection transmitted through the bite of an infected aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquito. its geographic distribution covers over 100 countries. clinical presentation is variable and depends upon the age and immunological status of the patient. it can be classified as asymptomatic illness, dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic or dengue shock syndrome. ocular manifestations of dengue have been described, however there are few reports on neurological involve ...201220549049
costs of dengue prevention and incremental cost of dengue outbreak control in guantanamo, cuba.to assess the economic cost of routine aedes aegypti control in an at-risk environment without dengue endemicity and the incremental costs incurred during a sporadic outbreak.201221906216
biological activity of selected lamiaceae and zingiberaceae plant essential oils against the dengue vector aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae).the larvicidal activity of hydrodistillate extracts from mentha piperita l. ocimum basilicum l. curcuma longa l. and zingiber officinale l. were investigated against the dengue vector aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae).the results indicated that the mortality rates at 80, 100, 200 and 400 ppm of m. piperita, z. officinale, c. longa and o. basilicum concentrations were highest amongst all concentrations of the crude extracts tested against all the larval instars and pupae of a. aegypti. result ...201221881945
phylogeography of aedes aegypti in argentina: long-distance colonization and rapid restoration of fragmented relicts after a continental control campaign.aedes (stegomyia) aegypti, the main vector of dengue and yellow fever viruses, is present in all the northern and central provinces of argentina. during 2009, a dengue outbreak spread broadly throughout the country, causing 27,752 infections in 13 provinces. in argentina, little is known about the demographic history of this vector, which suffered a drastic decrease in abundance and distribution during a major control campaign performed in the americas between 1950 and 1960. with the aim of unco ...201222022812
green synthesis of silver nanoparticles for the control of mosquito vectors of malaria, filariasis, and dengue.a biological method was used to synthesize stable silver nanoparticles that were tested as mosquito larvicides against aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi, and culex quinquefasciatus. annona squamosa leaf broth (5%) reduced aqueous 1 mm agno₃ to stable silver nanoparticles with an average size of 450 nm. the structure and percentage of synthesized nanoparticles was characterized by using ultraviolet spectrophotometry, x-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electr ...201222022807
effect of myracrodruon urundeuva leaf lectin on survival and digestive enzymes of aedes aegypti larvae.aedes aegypti transmits the viruses that cause yellow and dengue fevers. vector control is essential, since a vaccine for dengue has not as yet been made available. this work reports on the larvicidal activity of myracrodruon urundeuva leaf lectin (mull) against a. aegypti fourth-stage larvae (l(4)). also, the resistance of mull to digestion by l(4) gut proteases and the effects of mull on protease, trypsin-like and α-amylase activities from l(4) gut were evaluated to determine if lectin remains ...201221735148
droplet size and efficacy of an adulticide-larvicide ultralow-volume formulation on aedes aegypti using different solvents and spray application methods.when cases of dengue are reported or the density of adult aedes aegypti (l.) becomes too high, ultralow-volume (ulv) application of insecticides is the recommended control method. the droplet size of an aerosol insecticide influences its efficiency in killing adult mosquitoes. many studies have been carried out to determine the optimum droplet size that maximises vector control efforts, but only a few have determined droplet-size spectra for specific equipment using different solvents and compar ...201221714060
evaluation of larvicidal activity of acalypha alnifolia klein ex willd. (euphorbiaceae) leaf extract against the malarial vector, anopheles stephensi, dengue vector, aedes aegypti and bancroftian filariasis vector, culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae).the leaf extract of acalypha alnifolia with different solvents - hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol - were tested for larvicidal activity against three important mosquitoes such as malarial vector, anopheles stephensi, dengue vector, aedes aegypti and bancroftian filariasis vector, culex quinquefasciatus. the medicinal plants were collected from the area around kallar hills near the western ghats, coimbatore, india. a. alnifolia plant was washed with tap water and shade drie ...201221748350
[convalescence of pregnant women who suffered from dengue serotype 3].dengue is an infectious disease caused by arn genome virus and has 4 recognized serotypes (den-1, den-2, den-3 and den-4) that are transmitted by aedes aegypti as the main vector. the clinical manifestations of dengue in pregnancy are similar to those of the general population, except that the ecosystem is made up by the mother and the fetus where the virus with its genetic characteristics is introduced and finds special conditions for development and evolution.201323444608
[bioecological studies of aedes (st) aegypti in an urban area with low vector density in camagüey province].the control of the breeding sites of mosquitoes of medical importance is essential for the anti-vector fighting programs; however, the efforts made so far have not great enough since the confirmed dengue fever cases gradually increase.201323437539
[targeted treatment of aedes aegypti at localities with high risk for dengue transmission, morelos, mexico].to determine the relative importance of aedes aegyti breeding sites for potential targeted dengue control interventions in morelos.201321537805
aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae): coexistence and susceptibility to temephos, in municipalities with occurrence of dengue and differentiated characteristics of urbanization.the aim of the present study was to verify the coexistence between aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus populations in municipalities of the states of paraná and santa catarina with different urbanization profiles where dengue occurs and evaluate their susceptibility to the organophosphate temephos.201321537795
[effectiveness of insecticidal formulations for the aedes aegypti adult population control in la habana, cuba].the vector control remains the sole sustainable measure to prevent dengue transmission in which the key role goes to adulticides in case of high rates of infestation by the vector, outbreaks or dengue epidemics. pyrethroids are the most used whereas organophosphorous chloripirifos has been occasionally used because of the cost.201323437526
[community-based survey on knowledge and perceptions about dengue and preventive practice in lisa municipality, city of havana province].the population's knowledge is important to develop participatory processes that support the reduction of aedes aegypti.201323437556
[efficacy of indoor treatment with cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos for the regulation of aedes aegypti in the city of havana].in dengue outbreaks or epidemics, the chemical pesticides play a fundamental role to control disease-borne adult mosquitoes and to support the vector control program in cuba.201323437554
[factors associated to the aedes aegypti (dipthera: culicidae) presence in two cuban regions].despite the cuban government's efforts to exert control over the dengue vector aedes aegypti, this mosquito is still present in several municipalities of the city of havana and those of other provinces.201323431622
[seasonal and time dynamics of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in cienfuegos municipality].dengue is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in las americas due, among other factors, to the increase of aedes aegypti populations.201323431620
[presence of aedes aegypti in water tanks on the ground and the implications for dengue control in camagüey province].water tanks placed on the ground are an important drinking water container at home; however, aedes aegypti is very frequently colonizing this kind of reservoirs in an urban health area of camagüey province, cuba.201323431619
[season and weather-dependent behavior of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes in sancti spiritus in the period 1999-2007].aedes aegypti is the main dengue and hemorrhagic dengue vector and its widespread behavior responds to a number of factors, among them, the climatic ones.201323431630
[risk factors of pupal infestation with community-based aedes aegypti in a municipality of havana city].the risk factors of pupal infestation with community-based aedes aegypti were identified in four areas of playa municipality, located in the urban zone of havana city the deposits with the highest positivity to the vector were the artificial ones and the low tanks. it was confirmed that 99.03% of the sites visited contained at least one deposit with water, and that 4 areas presented a very similar behaviour in ratio of tanks per site, since in all of them the water was supplied every other day. ...201323427418
[control of aedes aegypti larvae (l) with poecilia reticulata peter, 1895: a community experience in taguasco municipality, sancti spíritus, cuba].the efficacy of the control of aedes aegypti (l) with poecilia reticulata peter, 1895, was determined in containers used for domestic consumption water in taguasco municipality in the center of sancti spiritus province, cuba. before the epidemic of santiago de cuba and havana province, this municipality had not been positive to aedes aegypti (l). the increasing infections caused by the vector started to worry the population that feared an outbreak of dengue epidemic. previous to the fish growth, ...201323427432
dynamics and characterization of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) key breeding sites.the present study aimed to analyze the dynamics of containers used as breeding sites by aedes aegypti (l.) in the city of aracaju, se, one of the northeast brazilian states. a total of three entomological surveys were performed during different precipitation levels. breeding sites were categorized according to their function into storage, disposable containers, and reusable containers. "mean number of pupae" and "frequency of each type of breeding site" were the criteria considered to identify k ...201323949815
[genetic variability of aedes aegypti determined by mitochondrial gene nd4 analysis in eleven endemic areas for dengue in peru].in order to establish the genetic variability of aedes aegypti determined by the analysis of the mt-nd4 gene, in eleven endemic regions for dengue in peru, 51 samples of ae. aegypti were tested. the genetic variability was determined through the amplification and sequencing of a fragment of 336 base-pairs of mt nd4, the analysis of intra-specific phylogeny was conducted with the network ver. 4.6.10 program; and the phylogenetic analysis, with the neighbor joining distance method. the presence of ...201323949510
increased container-breeding mosquito risk owing to drought-induced changes in water harvesting and storage in brisbane, australia.extended drought conditions in south-east queensland during the early 2000s have resulted in a culture of water harvesting and legislated water restrictions. aedes notoscriptus is a container-breeding mosquito vector of ross river and barmah forest viruses.201324225151
dispersal of aedes aegypti: field study in temperate areas using a novel method.since aedes aegypti was identified as vector of yellow fever and dengue, its dispersal is relevant for disease control. we studied the dispersal of ae. aegypti in temperate areas of argentina during egglaying, using the existing population and egg traps.201324220074
indoor volatiles of primary school classrooms in tapachula, chiapas, mexico, are attractants to aedes aegypti females.we determined the behavioral response of aedes aegypti females to volatile compounds collected in indoor primary school classrooms. volatiles were collected from classrooms from 0800 through 1030 h and 1130 through 1400 h in urban and rural schools in tapachula, chiapas, mexico. female responses to volatiles were assessed in a y-tube olfactometer. chemical compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis. volatiles from both schools were attractive when compared agai ...201324199507
mosquito vector biology and control in latin america--a 23rd symposium.the 23rd annual latin american symposium presented by the american mosquito control association (amca) was held as part of the 79th annual meeting in atlantic city, nj, in february 2013. the principal objective, as for the previous 22 symposia, was to promote participation in the amca by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from latin america. this publication includes summaries of 49 presentations that were given orally in spanish or presented as posters by partic ...201324199500
gustatory receptor expression in the labella and tarsi of aedes aegypti.the yellow-fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, infects a growing number of people every year with dengue, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses. contact chemoreception in mosquitoes influences a number of behaviors including host-selection, oviposition and feeding. while these behaviors are in many instances well documented, the molecular mechanisms mediating them are not well understood. here we report the results of sequencing total messenger rna in the labella and tarsi of both male and female ae. ...201324157615
neurological complications in dengue infection: a review for clinical practice.dengue is an important global public health problem. the world health organization estimates that 2/5 of entire world population are in risk of dengue infection. almost 50 millions cases occur annually, with at least 20 thousand deaths. the etiological agent of this acute febrile disease is a single-strand positive-sense rna virus of flavivirus genus. it is an arboviral disease transmitted by aedes sp. mosquitoes (aedes aegypti and a. albopictus). most infected individuals present asymptomatic i ...201324141501
genetic structure of aedes aegypti populations determined using pairwise comparisons.the biological characteristics of aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae), which is a vector of dengue and yellow fever, make this organism a good model for studying population structure and the events that may influence it under the effect of human activity. we assessed the genetic variability of five a. aegypti populations using rapd-pcr technique and six primers. four populations were from brazil and one was from the usa. a total of 165 polymorphic dna loci were generated. considering the six prim ...201324085439
mosquito repellents based on a natural chromene analogue with longer duration of action than n,n-diethyl-meta-toluamide (deet).mosquito repellents play a major role in reducing bites and therefore mitigating transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. there is concern by some about the reported neurotoxic effects of the popular repellent deet. also, a product with longer effective activity after application is needed. this paper describes the synthesis and repellent activity of (2,2 dimethyl-2h-chromen-5-yl)methanol, a derivative of chromene amide that is a compound from the plant amyris texana . this compound is more pote ...201324006960
turning cigarette butt waste into an alternative control tool against an insecticide-resistant mosquito vector.annually, 4.5 trillion cigarette butts (cbs) are flicked into our environment. evidence exists that cb waste is deadly to aquatic life, but their lethality to the aquatic life of the main dengue vector is unknown. cbs are full of toxicants that occur naturally, during planting and manufacturing, which may act as larvicidal agents. we assessed aedes aegypti vulnerability to marlboro butts during its development. overall, cbs showed insecticidal activities against larvae. at early phases of develo ...201323999373
risk factors related to dengue infections in primary school students: exploring students' basic knowledge of dengue and examining the larval indices in southern thailand.dengue is a major problem in southern thailand.201323999339
formulas of components of citronella oil against mosquitoes (aedes aegypti).the mosquito aedes aegypti is an epidemic vector of several diseases such as dengue fever and yellow fever. several pesticides are used to control the mosquito population. because of their frequent use, some mosquitoes have developed resistance. in this study, we used the y-tube olfactometer to test essential oils of cymbopogon species and screened specific formulas of components as repellents against ae. aegypti. at 400 μl, the extracted oil of citronella grass (cymbopogon nardus) and myrcene p ...201323998314
bioactivity of plant extracts on the larval and pupal stages of aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidea).aedes aegypti is responsible for the transmission of the dengue and yellow fever viruses. this study evaluated the effects of extracts from cnidosculos phyllacanthus, ricinus communis, and coutarea hexandra on the developmental periods of a.aegypti larvae and pupae. crude extracts of c. phyllacanthus and c. hexandra and oil from r. communis and c. phyllacanthus were used.201323982096
silencing of p-glycoprotein increases mortality in temephos-treated aedes aegypti larvae.re-emergence of vector-borne diseases such as dengue and yellow fever, which are both transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito, has been correlated with insecticide resistance. p-glycoproteins (p-gps) are atp-dependent efflux pumps that are involved in the transport of substrates across membranes. some of these proteins have been implicated in multidrug resistance (mdr). in this study, we identified a putative p-glycoprotein in the ae. aegypti database based on its significantly high identity w ...201323980723
history of aedes mosquitoes in hawaii.as a geographically isolated island chain with no native mosquitoes, hawaii is a model for examining the mechanisms behind insect vector invasions and their subsequent interactions with each other and with human populations. the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, and the asian tiger mosquito, ae. albopictus, have been responsible for epidemics of dengue in hawaii. as one of the world's earliest locations to be invaded by both species, hawaii's history is particularly relevant because both spe ...201323923330
spatial analysis of aedes aegypti immatures in northern argentina: clusters and temporal instability.the objective of this study was to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of aedes aegypti immatures based on four entomological surveys that inspected over 6000 households in a large neighborhood of the city of clorinda between 2007 and 2008. global and local spatial point pattern analyses of immature presence or absence, habitat quality (estimated using a previously obtained statistical model) and pupal production were performed. global analyses showed aggregation of both infestation and habitat ...201323911331
structure-activity relationships of monoterpenes and acetyl derivatives against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae.dengue fever virus transmitted by aedes aegypti causes lethal mortalities of human beings, and, because of the lack of any vaccine, management of this vector, especially with phytochemicals, is essential. in the present investigation, the structure-activity relationship of monoterpenes and their acetyl derivatives was studied to identify structural features that are responsible for mosquitocidal activity.201323908002
cyclopaldic acid, seiridin, and sphaeropsidin a as fungal phytotoxins, and larvicidal and biting deterrents against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): structure-activity relationships.aedes aegypti l. is the major vector of the arboviruses responsible for dengue fever, one of the most devastating human diseases. from a preliminary screening of fungal phytotoxins, cyclopaldic acid (1), seiridin (2), sphaeropsidin a (4), and papyracillic acid (5) were evaluated for their biting deterrent and larvicidal activities against ae. aegypti l. because compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 exhibited mosquito biting deterrent activities and 1 and 4 demonstrated larvicidal activities, further structur ...201323847068
impact of argemone mexicana extracts on the cidal, morphological, and behavioral response of dengue vector, aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae).the larvicidal, behavioral, and morphological response of dengue vector, aedes aegypti treated with deleterious weed, argemone mexicana, was explored. the 1,000 ppm extracts of a. mexicana leaf, stem, and roots prepared in five different solvents (petroleum ether, hexane, benzene, acetone, and ethanol) were screened for their larvicidal activity against dengue vector establishing the efficacy of petroleum ether and hexane extracts. other extracts, unable to give 100% mortality, were considered i ...201323835923
dengue infections.dengue fever is one of the most common mosquito-borne viral illnesses in the world. it is usually transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquito. dengue infections are caused by four antigenically distinct but closely related viruses (den 1?4). infection with any one of the viruses is thought to provide lifetime immunity to future infections from the same virus but only short-term cross-immunity to the other types, leading to the possibility of s ...201323817881
[problems of medical parasitology].situation on parasitic disease in russia remains complex. reduction of parasitology personnel had a negative impact on the quality of epidemiological control in the field of parasitic diseases and resulted in a decrease of awareness of physicians of therapeutic-prophylaxis institutions. the situation was aggravated by a lack of anti-malaria preparations and insufficient specter of anti-helminthic drugs. uncontrolled increase of the number of domestic and stray dogs in cities was the reason for i ...201323805663
novel estimates of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) population size and adult survival based on wolbachia releases.the size of aedes aegypti (l.) mosquito populations and adult survival rates have proven difficult to estimate because of a lack of consistent quantitative measures to equate sampling methods, such as adult trapping, to actual population size. however, such estimates are critical for devising control methods and for modeling the transmission of dengue and other infectious agents carried by this species. here we take advantage of recent releases of wolbachia-infected ae. aegypti coupled with the ...201323802459
the larvicidal activity of brown algae padina minor (yamada 1925) and dicyota linearis (greville 1830) against the dengue vector, aedes aegypti (linn 1762) (diptera: culicidae). 201323703444
inter-population mating success in australian dengue vector mosquitoes: effects of laboratory colonization and implications for the spread of transgenics.variability between aedes aegypti populations in north queensland, australia, has the potential to impact the successful implementation of new population replacement mosquito releases for dengue control. four ae. aegypti colonies originating from different locations (cairns, mareeba, innisfail, and charters towers), along with one f1 field-derived population from cairns, were inter-crossed to determine any incompatibilities in copulation, insemination, and production of viable offspring. greater ...201323701615
a case study of the influence of local weather on aedes aegypti (l.) aging and mortality.the survival rate of mosquitoes is an important topic that affects many aspects of decision-making in mosquito management. this study aims to estimate the variability in the survival rate of ae. aegypti, and climate factors that are related to such variability. it is generally assumed that the daily probability of mosquito survival is independent of natural environment conditions and age. to test this assumption, a three-year fieldwork (2005-2007) and experimental study was conducted at fortalez ...201323701604
development and evaluation of a pyriproxyfen-treated device to control the dengue vector, aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera:culicidae).the resurgence of dengue fever and the chikungunya epidemic make the control of aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the vectors of these diseases, critically important. we developed and evaluated an ae. aegypti control device that is visually-attractive to mosquitoes. this pyriproxyfen-treated device was evaluated for its impact on ae. aegypti egg production and population dynamics in dengue-endemic areas in thailand. the device consists of a "high rise" shaped ovitrap/ resting station covered with black ...201323691625
relationship between rainfall and aedes larval population at two insular sites in pulau ketam, selangor, malaysia.two insular settlements (kampung pulau ketam and kampung sungai lima) were selected to study the population dynamics of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes, vectors of dengue and chikungunya infections. ovitrap surveillance was conducted between october 2007 and october 2008. there was an inverse negative association between ovitrap index and rainfall at the time of collection, probably because rainfall increased the number of available oviposition sites. rainfall and ovitrap index wer ...201323691624
mosquitocidal properties of basella rubra and cleome viscosa against aedes aegypti (linn.) (diptera:culicidae).to investigate the larvicidal and ovicidal activities of acetone, benzene, hexane and methanol leaf extracts of basella rubra and cleome viscosa against dengue vector, aedes aegypti.201323690200
temporal and spatial distribution of dengue vector mosquitoes and their habitat patterns in penang island, malaysia.we studied the diversity of aedes breeding sites in various urban, suburban, and rural areas over time between february 2009 and february 2010 in the dengue endemic areas of penang island, malaysia. we categorized the breeding sites and efficiency, and identified the key breeding containers. among the 3 areas, the rural areas produced the highest container index (55), followed by suburban (42) and urban (32) areas. the numbers of key premises and containers were significantly higher (p < 0.000) ...201323687853
[genetic differences between populations of aedes aegypti from municipalities in northern colombia, with high and low dengue incidence].aedes aegypti is the principal vector of dengue in urban areas. despite its epidemiological importance, the genetic variability of colombian populations of this species is unknown.201324652253
[determining the status of susceptibility to organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroids insecticides in populations of aedes aegypti linneaus, 1762 (diptera: culicidae) in panamá].we studied the susceptibility to organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides of aedes aegypti from different regions of high transmission risk for dengue in panama.201324652251
a new tent trap for monitoring the daily activity of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus.in this study, we designed a new tent trap; the biodivector (bdv) tent trap, consisting of two rectangular tents that use human bait without endangering the technical personnel. the daily activity pattern of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in intra, peri, and extradomiciliary sites was studied in an endemic area of dengue in southern mexico by using the bdv tent trap. totals of 3,128 individuals of ae. aegypti and 833 ae. albopictus were captured. more ae. aegypti males than females were caug ...201324581356
aedes aegypti entomological indices in an endemic area for dengue in sao paulo state, brazil.to evaluate the most productive types of properties and containers for aedes aegypti and the spatial distribution of entomological indices.201324346572
the risk of aedes aegypti breeding and premises condition in south mexico.a recent innovation instrumented for the dengue prevention and control program in mexico is the use of the premises condition index (pci) as an indicator of risk for the vector aedes aegypti infestation in dengue-endemic localities of mexico. this paper addresses whether further improvements for the dengue control program could be made if the prevalence and productivity of ae. aegypti populations could be reliably predicted using pci at the household level, as well as medium-sized neighborhoods. ...201324551966
vertical infestation of the dengue vectors aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in apartments in kuala lumpur, malaysia.dengue is a serious public health problem in malaysia. the aim of this study was to compare the vertical infestation of aedes population in 2 apartments in kuala lumpur with different status of dengue incidence (i.e., high-dengue-incidence area and area with no reported dengue cases). the study was also conducted to assess the relationship between environmental factors such as rainfall, temperature, and humidity and aedes population that may influence aedes infestation. surveillance with a mosqu ...201324551965
oviposition and olfaction responses of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to insecticides.insecticide applications are not particularly effective on aedes aegypti mosquitoes which has been attributed to their 'closet' behaviour, or ability to rest in places that remain unexposed to insecticides. some researchers have suggested that insecticides repel mosquitoes, which would result in less exposure and increased dispersal. if repellence due to insecticides is a fact, acquiring a vector-borne disease, such as dengue, could legitimately be attributed to local vector control efforts and ...201324522139
comparative field efficacy of newly developed formulations of larvicides against aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae).aedes aegypti (l.) is known as vector of dengue and chikungunya fever. larvicides are used to control this vector. we evaluated the efficacy of newly developed formulations of larvicides to control ae. aegypti under field conditions for 24 weeks post single application. mosdop p and mosdop tb containing diflubenzuron (2% and 40 mg/tablet, respectively) as the active ingredient, were applied at a dosage of 0.1 mg a.i./1 and mosquit tb10, mosquit tb100 and temecal containing temephos (1%, 10% and ...201324437310
characterising the spatial dynamics of sympatric aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus populations in the philippines.entomological surveillance and control are essential to the management of dengue fever (df). hence, understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of df vectors, aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) and ae. (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse), is paramount. in the philippines, resources are limited and entomological surveillance and control are generally commenced during epidemics, when transmission is difficult to control. recent improvements in spatial epidemiological tools and methods offer opportuniti ...201324258900
synergistic larvicidal effect and morphological alterations induced by ethanolic extracts of annona muricata and piper nigrum against the dengue fever vector aedes aegypti.phytopesticide combinations of different botanical sources are seldom reported. annona muricata seed and piper nigrum fruit ethanolic extracts enriched in acetogenins and piperamides, respectively, were synergistically used as larvicides against the dengue fever vector aedes aegypti.201323112098
household disposables as breeding habitats of dengue vectors: linking wastes and public health.an assessment of the household wastes as larval habitats of the dengue vectors was made considering kolkata, india, as geographical area. wastes of four major categories, namely, earthen, porcelain, plastic and coconut shells were monitored for positive with immature of either aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus. twenty six types of wastes with varying size and shape, resembling containers, were identified that hosted mosquito immature. the number of waste containers positive for aedes immature va ...201323107350
synergistic effect of eugenia jambolana linn. and solidago canadensis linn. leaf extracts with deltamethrin against the dengue vector aedes aegypti linn. at mysore.with the goal in mind to minimize the application of environmentally hazardous chemical insecticides, the larvicidal activity of two plant extracts along with deltamethrin was studied at university of mysore. the extracts of solidago canadensis and eugenia jambolana were employed for working out the synergistic efficacy against aedes aegypti larvae, as the extracts of both the plants exhibited high efficacy when applied individually. the deltamethrin when analyzed separately, lc50 and lc90 value ...201323179216
oral receptivity of aedes aegypti from cape verde for yellow fever, dengue, and chikungunya viruses.at the end of 2009, 21,313 cases of dengue-3 virus (denv-3) were reported in the islands of cape verde, an archipelago located in the atlantic ocean 570 km from the coast of western africa. it was the first dengue outbreak ever reported in cape verde. mosquitoes collected in july 2010 in the city of praia, on the island of santiago, were identified morphologically as aedes aegypti formosus. using experimental oral infections, we found that this vector showed a moderate ability to transmit the ep ...201323199267
productivity and population density estimates of the dengue vector mosquito aedes aegypti (stegomyia aegypti) in australia.new mosquito control strategies centred on the modifying of populations require knowledge of existing population densities at release sites and an understanding of breeding site ecology. using a quantitative pupal survey method, we investigated production of the dengue vector aedes aegypti (l.) (stegomyia aegypti) (diptera: culicidae) in cairns, queensland, australia, and found that garden accoutrements represented the most common container type. deliberately placed 'sentinel' containers were se ...201323205694
aedes aegypti disregard humidity-related conditions with adequate nutrition.weather variations have clear associations with the epidemiology of dengue fever and populations of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. data on humidity associations, however, lags with respect to its effect on host-biting, nectar-seeking and survival. this experimental study on ae. aegypti, sourced from the arid tropics, investigated the effect of low and high relative humidity and diet in relation to host-biting, temporal variations in feeding frequency, and mosquito mortality. in each environmental set ...201323665702
population structure of the mosquito aedes aegypti (stegomyia aegypti) in pakistan.eleven microsatellite markers were used to determine the genetic population structure and spread of aedes aegypti (stegomyia aegypti) (diptera: culicidae) in pakistan using mosquitoes collected from 13 different cities. there is a single genetic cluster of ae. aegypti in pakistan with a pattern of isolation by distance within the population. the low level of isolation by distance suggests the long-range passive dispersal of this mosquito, which may be facilitated by the tyre trade in pakistan. a ...201323662926
spatial and temporal patterns of abundance of aedes aegypti l. (stegomyia aegypti) and aedes albopictus (skuse) [stegomyia albopictus (skuse)] in southern florida.invasion by mosquito vectors of disease may impact the distribution of resident mosquitoes, resulting in novel patterns of vectors and concomitant risk for disease. one example of such an impact is the invasion by aedes albopictus (skuse) [stegomyia albopictus (skuse)] (diptera: culicidae) of north america and this species' interaction with aedes aegypti l. (stegomyia aegypti l). we hypothesized that ae. aegypti would be found in urban, coastal areas that experience hotter and drier conditions, ...201323278304
ovicidal, repellent, adulticidal and field evaluations of plant extract against dengue, malaria and filarial vectors.mosquitoes are insect vectors responsible for the transmission of parasitic and viral infections to millions of people worldwide, with substantial morbidity and mortality. infections transmitted by mosquitoes include malaria, yellow fever, chikungunya, filariasis and other arboviruses. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the adulticidal activities of crude hexane, benzene, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol leaf extracts of aca ...201323271569
integration of botanical and bacterial insecticide against aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi.the present study evaluated the orthosiphon thymiflorus leaf extract and the bacterial insecticide spinosad, testing the first to fourth instars larvae and pupae of two important vector mosquitoes, viz., aedes aegypti, anopheles stephensi. the fresh leaves of o. thymiflorus were washed thoroughly in tap water and shade-dried at room temperature (28 ± 2 °c) for 5 to 8 days. the air-dried materials were powdered separately using a commercial electrical blender. from the plants, 500 g powder was ma ...201323242266
the component of carica papaya seed toxic to a. aegypti and the identification of tegupain, the enzyme that generates it.as aedes aegypti transmits the etiologic agents of both yellow and dengue fever; vector control is considered essential to minimise their incidence. the aim of this work was to identify the component of carica papaya seed toxic to a. aegypti, and the identification of tegupain, the enzyme that generates it. aqueous extracts (1%, w/v) of the seed tegument and cotyledon of c. papaya are not larvicidal isolately. however, a mixture of 17μgml(-1) tegument extract and 27μgml(-1) cotyledon extract cau ...201323402920
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