Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| ultra-low volume application of spinosad (natular 2ec) larvicide as a residual in a tropical environment against aedes and anopheles species. | we investigated the efficacy of a liquid larvicide, natular 2ec® (spinosad), applied with ultra-low volume sprayer as a residual application during the dry season in southeastern thailand against 4 medically important species-aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, anopheles dirus, and an. minimus. we found that this larvicide could be applied as a residual to dry areas known to collect water and potentially still be effective after rains or irrigation, which could increase the flexibility and efficiency ... | 2018 | 31442120 |
| effect of travel speed on dispersion of aqualuer 20-20 sprayed by a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume sprayer against caged aedes aegypti1. | the effect of travel speed of a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume (ulv) sprayer on its application efficacy was studied at st. johns county fairground, elkton, fl, during summer 2015. the efficacy was assessed by spray deposition, droplet size spectrum, and 24-h mortality of caged adult aedes aegypti, using 2 rows of sampling locations, 15 m apart and spread up to 122 m from the spray. each location had a bioassay cage and an impinger droplet sampler, 1 m apart from each other, at 1.5 m off the gro ... | 2018 | 31442115 |
| application efficacy of vectobac wdg against larval aedes aegypti using thermal fog technology. | the effectiveness of thermal fog application of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (vectobac® wdg) against larval aedes aegypti was evaluated in open and forest canopied environments in northeastern florida, using a handheld igeba® tf34 thermal fogger (with water conversion kit). the product was applied at the maximum label rate of 1 kg/ha to linear transects, in each environment, containing empty 0.5-liter cups. after application, late-2nd to early-3rd instars of ae. aegypti were added to each ... | 2018 | 31442110 |
| ultra-low volume application of spinosad (natular 2ec) as a residual in a hot-arid environment against aedes aegypti. | the invasive aedes aegypti is an important disease vector increasing in frequency in hot-arid regions of the usa such as the southwest. within hot-arid surroundings this mosquito may be confined to peridomestic locations that tend to be cooler and humid, such as in lush, irrigated ornamental vegetation surrounding homes. however, to reach these habitat refugia, ultra-low volume (ulv) applications of insecticides targeting this mosquito must retain efficacy after being sprayed from the air or str ... | 2018 | 31442108 |
| mosquitocidal activity of a naturally occurring isochroman and synthetic analogs from the plant pathogenic fungus, diaporthe eres against aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the culture filtrate of a plant pathogenic fungus that infects english ivy (hedera helix l., araliaceae) was investigated for mosquitocidal constituents by bioassay-guided isolation. the fungus responsible for pathogenic effects on the plant h. helix has been identified as diaporthe eres nitschke by molecular techniques. the mosquito adulticidal constituent in the culture filtrate was identified as 3,4-dihydro-8-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylisocoumarin (1) by spectroscopic techniques. laboratory bioassay ... | 2018 | 29474636 |
| comparative analysis of major mosquito vectors response to seed-derived essential oil and seed pod-derived extract from acacia nilotica. | botanical metabolites are increasingly realized as potential replacements to chemical insecticides. in the present study, acacia nilotica seed essential oil and seed pod solvent extracts were tested for bioefficacy against three important types of mosquitoes. mortality was recorded 24 h post-treatment, while smoke toxicity of adult mosquitoes was recorded at 10 min intervals for 40 min. seed pod powder was extracted with different solvents and hydrodistilled seed oil chemical constituents were d ... | 2018 | 29473901 |
| socioeconomic and human behavioral factors associated with aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) immature habitat in tucson, az. | aedes aegypti (l.; diptera: culicidae) has been established in the southwestern united states for several decades, but relationships between humans and mosquitoes in this arid region are not well-characterized. in august 2012, the outdoor premises of 355 houses within 20 neighborhoods in tucson, arizona were surveyed for containers that could provide larval habitat for ae. aegypti mosquitoes. at the same time, a knowledge, attitudes and practices (kap) questionnaire was administered to a residen ... | 2018 | 29471405 |
| variation in wolbachia effects on aedes mosquitoes as a determinant of invasiveness and vectorial capacity. | wolbachia has been introduced into aedes aegypti mosquitoes to control the spread of arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika. studies showed that certain wolbachia strains (such as wmel) reduce replication of dengue viruses in the laboratory, prompting the release of mosquitoes carrying the bacterium into the field, where vectorial capacity can be realistically assessed in relation to native non-carriers. here we apply a new analysis to two published datasets, and show that wmel increa ... | 2018 | 29662096 |
| numerical modeling of mosquito population dynamics of aedes aegypti. | the global incidences of dengue virus have increased the interest in studying and understanding the mosquito population dynamics. it is predominantly spread by aedes aegypti in the tropical and sub-tropical countries in the world. understanding these dynamics is important for public health in countries where climatic and environmental conditions are favorable for the propagation of these diseases. for this reason, a new model has been proposed to investigate the population dynamics of mosquitoes ... | 2018 | 29661212 |
| factors related to aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations and temperature determine differences on life-history traits with regional implications in disease transmission. | aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is a vector of many medically significant viruses in the americas, including dengue virus, chikungunya virus, and zika virus. traits such as longevity, fecundity, and feeding behavior contribute to the ability of ae. aegypti to serve as a vector of these pathogens. both local environmental factors and population genetics could contribute to variability in these traits. we performed a comparative study of ae. aegypti populations from four geographically and ... | 2018 | 29659944 |
| detection of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (diptera: culicidae) populations in southern alabama following a 26-yr absence and public perceptions of the threat of zika virus. | with the establishment of zika virus in the americas, an accurate understanding of the geographic range of its primary vector, aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae), is vital to assessing transmission risk. in an article published in june 2016, hahn and colleagues compiled county-level records in the united states for the presence of ae. aegypti and aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) reported between january 1995 and march 2016. despite ecological suitability ... | 2018 | 29659928 |
| coinfection with zika virus (zikv) and dengue virus results in preferential zikv transmission by vector bite to vertebrate host. | several tropical cities are permissive to aedes aegypti and dengue virus (denv) endemicity and have allowed for invasion and circulation of zika virus (zikv) in the same areas. people living in arbovirus-endemic regions have been simultaneously infected with ≥2 arboviruses. | 2018 | 29659904 |
| regulation of midgut cell proliferation impacts aedes aegypti susceptibility to dengue virus. | aedes aegypti is the vector of some of the most important vector-borne diseases like dengue, chikungunya, zika and yellow fever, affecting millions of people worldwide. the cellular processes that follow a blood meal in the mosquito midgut are directly associated with pathogen transmission. we studied the homeostatic response of the midgut against oxidative stress, as well as bacterial and dengue virus (denv) infections, focusing on the proliferative ability of the intestinal stem cells (isc). i ... | 2018 | 29782512 |
| zika virus: report from the task force on tropical diseases by the world federation of societies of intensive and critical care medicine. | zika fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the zika virus (zikv), an rna virus belonging to the genus flavivirus. zikv can be transmitted by bites from aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus species, sexual activity, blood transfusion and from mother to fetus during pregnancy and delivery. a total of 50 territories and countries in the americas had reported zikv infections. for those with symptoms, the presentation is similar to dengue fever with body aches, joint pain, fatigue, malaise, fe ... | 2018 | 29779827 |
| genome sequence analysis of a novel bacillus thuringiensis strain blb406 active against aedes aegypti larvae, a novel potential bioinsecticide. | blb406 is a novel isolate of bacillus thuringiensis with a larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti larvae. it displays original plasmidic and crystal protein patterns. the present work reported molecular and bioinformatic analyses for the genome sequence of blb406 using miseq illumina next-generation sequencing technology. the reads were assembled by velvet tool. using rast program and pgaap, the genome of blb406 strain was shown to contain 6297 genes corresponding to 5924 protein coding seque ... | 2018 | 29778876 |
| chemical profile and pharmacological effects of the resin and essential oil from bursera slechtendalii: a medicinal "copal tree" of southern mexico. | this study reports on the volatile profile and pharmacological activities of the essential oil and resin from bursera slechtendalii, an aromatic medicinal tree commercialized in southern mexico. the essential oil contained 25 volatiles including p-cymen-8-ol (25.4-35.7%), n-hexyl hexanoate (6.8-17.6%) and n-octyl hexanoate (7.6-14.8%), whereas the crystallized resin contained 14 volatiles, including n-octyl acetate (29.6-34.2%), limonene (15.8-18.7%) and n-octyl butyrate (12.6-17-6%). the inhala ... | 2018 | 29777752 |
| modeling dengue vector population using remotely sensed data and machine learning. | mosquitoes are vectors of many human diseases. in particular, aedes ægypti (linnaeus) is the main vector for chikungunya, dengue, and zika viruses in latin america and it represents a global threat. public health policies that aim at combating this vector require dependable and timely information, which is usually expensive to obtain with field campaigns. for this reason, several efforts have been done to use remote sensing due to its reduced cost. the present work includes the temporal modeling ... | 2018 | 29777650 |
| use of bead-based serologic assay to evaluate chikungunya virus epidemic, haiti. | the index case of chikungunya virus (chikv) in haiti was reported during early 2014; the vector, the pervasive aedes aegypti mosquito, promoted rapid spread throughout the country. during december 2014-february 2015, we collected blood samples from 4,438 persons at 154 sites (62 urban, 92 rural) throughout haiti and measured chikv igg by using a multiplex bead assay. overall chikv seroprevalence was 57.9%; differences between rural (mean 44.9%) and urban (mean 78.4%) areas were pronounced. logis ... | 2018 | 29774861 |
| identification of aedes aegypti cis-regulatory elements that promote gene expression in olfactory receptor neurons of distantly related dipteran insects. | sophisticated tools for manipulation of gene expression in select neurons, including neurons that regulate sexually dimorphic behaviors, are increasingly available for analysis of genetic model organisms. however, we lack comparable genetic tools for analysis of non-model organisms, including aedes aegypti, a vector mosquito which displays sexually dimorphic behaviors that contribute to pathogen transmission. formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements followed by sequencing (faire-se ... | 2018 | 29996889 |
| tropomyosins in mosquito and house dust mite cross-react at the humoral and cellular level. | aedes aegypti and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus contain important allergens including cross-reactive tropomyosins. however, the functional and clinical relevance of their cross-reactivity is still debated. | 2018 | 29992665 |
| mosquito arbovirus survey in selected areas of kenya: detection of insect-specific virus. | many arboviral outbreaks have occurred in various locations in kenya. entomological surveys are suitable methods for revealing information about circulating arboviruses before human outbreaks are recognized. therefore, mosquitoes were collected in kenya to determine the distribution of arboviruses. | 2018 | 29991925 |
| environmentally-friendly green approach for the production of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their anti-fungal, ovicidal, and larvicidal properties. | green synthesis of nanoparticles can be an important alternative compared to conventional physio-chemical synthesis. we utilized scadoxus multiflorus leaf powder aqueous extract as a capping and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of pure zinc oxide nanoparticles (zno nps). further, the synthesized zno nps were subjected to various characterization techniques. transmission electron microscope (tem) analysis showed an irregular spherical shape, with an average particle size of 31 ± 2 nm. furtherm ... | 2018 | 29986435 |
| molecular aspects of the dengue virus infection process: a review. | at the present time, dengue is one of the most important arboviruses affecting man, becoming a serious global public health problem, especially in subtropical and tropical countries, where environmental conditions favor the development and proliferation of the mosquito aedes aegypti. dengue is caused by a type of flavivírus, which is an enveloped virus of spherical geometry. nowadays, it is one of the diseases with the highest incidence in brazil, reaching the population of all states, regardles ... | 2018 | 29984641 |
| aedes aegypti in the black sea: recent introduction or ancient remnant? | the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti transmits viral diseases that have plagued humans for centuries. its ancestral home are forests of africa and ~400-600 years ago it invaded the new world and later europe and asia, causing some of the largest epidemics in human history. the species was rarely detected in countries surrounding the mediterranean sea after the 1950s, but during the last 16 years it re-appeared in madeira, russia and in the eastern coast of the black sea. we genotyped ae. aegy ... | 2018 | 29980229 |
| west nile virus and other mosquito-borne viruses present in eastern europe. | eastern europe (ee) has been severely affected by mosquito-borne viruses (moboviruses). in this review, we summarize the epidemiology of moboviruses, with particular attention to west nile virus (wnv). the study of wnv human cases in ee between 2010 and 2016, revealed that the epidemiology of wnv in ee is complex with the combination of introduction of different wnv strains from lineages 1 and 2, and the establishment of endemic cycles. we found a positive correlation between the risk of wnv re- ... | 2018 | 29979950 |
| both living bacteria and eukaryotes in the mosquito gut promote growth of larvae. | we recently reported that larval stage aedes aegypti and several other species of mosquitoes grow when living bacteria are present in the gut but do not grow when living bacteria are absent. we further reported that living bacteria induce a hypoxia signal in the gut, which activates hypoxia-induced transcription factors and other processes larvae require for growth. in this study we assessed whether other types of organisms induce mosquito larvae to grow and asked if the density of non-living mi ... | 2018 | 29979680 |
| variation in temephos resistance in field populations of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in the state of sergipe, northeast brazil. | the organophosphate temephos was first used in brazil in the 1960s for the control of aedes aegypti. because of its extensive and longstanding use worldwide, selection for mosquito populations resistant to the chemical has been observed not only in different regions of brazil but also in several parts of the world. the objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of ae. aegypti to the organophosphate temephos, a larvicide used in vector control activities in sergipe/northeast brazi ... | 2018 | 29972557 |
| zika virus: - a review of the main aspects of this type of arbovirosis. | the objective of this study was to integrate findings related to zika virus from the scientific literature. an integrative review of medline was conducted, and data search was performed using the health sciences descriptor zika virus and the following filters: full texts available; studies in humans; full articles; and publications in portuguese, french, english, and spanish. after application of the filters, followed by reading of the titles, abstracts, and full texts, 44 studies were included ... | 2018 | 29972554 |
| the effect of nonrandom mating on wolbachia dynamics: implications for population replacement and sterile releases in aedes mosquitoes. | wolbachia bacteria are known to cause deviations from random mating and affect sperm competition (sc) in some of their arthropod hosts. because these effects could influence the effectiveness of wolbachia in mosquito population replacement and suppression programs, we developed a theoretical framework to investigate them and we collected relevant data for the wmel infection in aedes aegypti. using incompatibility patterns as a measure of mating success of infected versus uninfected mosquitoes, w ... | 2018 | 29968550 |
| strain-specific pathogenicity and subversion of phenoloxidase activity in the mosquito aedes aegypti by members of the fungal entomopathogenic genus isaria. | development of alternative vector control strategies are becoming more pressing given the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance and the rise of vector borne pathogens affecting public health such as dengue, chikungunya and zika. fungal-based biopesticides are promising alternatives to synthetic insecticides because they are ecofriendly and are highly effective at infecting insects through contact. this study evaluated the susceptibility of the yellow fever mosquito ae. aegypti to a range of ... | 2018 | 29967469 |
| continued susceptibility of the wmel wolbachia infection in aedes aegypti to heat stress following field deployment and selection. | aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with the wmel strain of wolbachia are being deployed to control the spread of arboviruses around the world through blockage of viral transmission. blockage by wolbachia in some scenarios may be affected by the susceptibility of wmel to cyclical heat stress during mosquito larval development. we therefore evaluated the potential to generate a heat-resistant strain of wmel in ae. aegypti through artificial laboratory selection and through exposure to field tempera ... | 2018 | 29966368 |
| variation in competence for zikv transmission by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in mexico. | zikv is a new addition to the arboviruses circulating in the new world, with more than 1 million cases since its introduction in 2015. a growing number of studies have reported vector competence (vc) of aedes mosquitoes from several areas of the world for zikv transmission. some studies have used new world mosquitoes from disparate regions and concluded that these have a variable but relatively low competence for the asian lineage of zikv. | 2018 | 29965958 |
| chikungunya in children: a clinical review. | chikungunya (chikv) is an emerging arboviral infection with recent spikes in transmission in the americas. chikungunya is most commonly transmitted by mosquitos, specifically aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. these mosquitoes are found throughout many parts of the united states. the classic tetrad of symptoms for chikv is fever, symmetric polyarthralgia, maculopapular rash, and nonpurulent conjunctivitis. although the majority (3 of 4) of infected people will be symptomatic, the viral illness ... | 2018 | 29965819 |
| adventitious viruses persistently infect three commonly used mosquito cell lines. | mosquito cell lines have been used extensively in research to isolate and propagate arthropod-borne viruses and understand virus-vector interactions. despite their utility as an in vitro tool, these cell lines are poorly defined and may harbor insect-specific viruses. accordingly, we screened four commonly-used mosquito cell lines, c6/36 and u4.4 cells from aedes albopictus, aag2 cells from aedes aegypti, and hsu cells from culex quinquefasciatus, for the presence of adventitious (i.e. exogenous ... | 2018 | 29957338 |
| patterns of occurrence of dengue and chikungunya, and spatial distribution of mosquito vector aedes albopictus in swabi district, pakistan. | two principal vector species, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, are known for transmission of dengue (den) and chikungunya (chk) in pakistan. we aimed to investigate their spatial and temporal distribution. | 2018 | 29956428 |
| empirical optimization of risk thresholds for dengue: an approach towards entomological management of aedes mosquitoes based on larval indices in the kandy district of sri lanka. | larval indices such as premise index (pi), breteau index (bi) and container index (ci) are widely used to interpret the density of dengue vectors in surveillance programmes. these indices may be useful for forecasting disease outbreaks in an area. however, use of the values of these indices as alarm signals is rarely considered in control programmes. therefore, the current study aims to propose threshold values for vector indices based on an empirical modeling approach for the kandy district of ... | 2018 | 29954443 |
| comparison of chikungunya viruses generated using infectious clone or the infectious subgenomic amplicons (isa) method in aedes mosquitoes. | reverse genetics systems provide the opportunity to manipulate viral genomes and have been widely used to study rna viruses and to develop new antiviral compounds and vaccine strategies. the recently described method called isa (infectious subgenomic amplicons) gives the possibility to rescue rna viruses in days. we demonstrated in cell culture that the use of the isa method led to a higher genetic diversity of viral populations than that observed using infectious clone technology. however, no r ... | 2018 | 29953474 |
| aedes anphevirus: an insect-specific virus distributed worldwide in aedes aegypti mosquitoes that has complex interplays with wolbachia and dengue virus infection in cells. | insect-specific viruses (isvs) of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti have been demonstrated to modulate transmission of arboviruses such as dengue virus (denv) and west nile virus by the mosquito. the diversity and composition of the virome of a. aegypti, however, remains poorly understood. in this study, we characterized aedes anphevirus (aeav), a negative-sense rna virus from the order mononegavirales aeav identified from aedes cell lines was infectious to both a. aegypti and aedes albopi ... | 2018 | 29950416 |
| arthropod evs mediate dengue virus transmission through interaction with a tetraspanin domain containing glycoprotein tsp29fb. | dengue virus (denv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes dengue fever in humans, worldwide. using in vitro cell lines derived from aedes albopictus and aedes aegypti, the primary vectors of denv, we report that denv2/denv3-infected cells secrete extracellular vesicles (evs), including exosomes, containing infectious viral rna and proteins. a full-length denv2 genome, detected in arthropod evs, was infectious to naïve mosquito and mammalian cells, including human-skin keratinocytes and bloo ... | 2018 | 29946031 |
| model-based analysis of experimental data from interconnected, row-configured huts elucidates multifaceted effects of a volatile chemical on aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | insecticides used against aedes aegypti and other disease vectors can elicit a multitude of dose-dependent effects on behavioral and bionomic traits. estimating the potential epidemiological impact of a product requires thorough understanding of these effects and their interplay at different dosages. volatile spatial repellent (sr) products come with an additional layer of complexity due to the potential for altered movement of affected mosquitoes and diffusion of volatile particles of the produ ... | 2018 | 29941038 |
| wolbachia enhances insect-specific flavivirus infection in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | mosquitoes transmit a diverse group of human flaviviruses including west nile, dengue, yellow fever, and zika viruses. mosquitoes are also naturally infected with insect-specific flaviviruses (isfs), a subgroup of the family not capable of infecting vertebrates. although isfs are not medically important, they are capable of altering the mosquito's susceptibility to flaviviruses and may alter host fitness. wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium of insects that when present in mosquitoes limits t ... | 2018 | 29938064 |
| using barcoded zika virus to assess virus population structure in vitro and in aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | arboviruses such as zika virus (zikv, flaviviridae; flavivirus) must replicate in both mammalian and insect hosts possessing strong immune defenses. accordingly, transmission between and replication within hosts involves genetic bottlenecks, during which viral population size and genetic diversity may be significantly reduced. to help quantify these bottlenecks and their effects, we constructed 4 "barcoded" zikv populations that theoretically contain thousands of barcodes each. after identifying ... | 2018 | 29935423 |
| circulation of chikungunya virus in aedes aegypti in maranhão, northeast brazil. | the simultaneous circulation of dengue virus (denv), chikungunya virus (chikv) and zika virus (zikv) arboviruses have placed brazil among the main worldwide endemic areas. brazilian northeast region concentrates the highest incidence of infections caused by chikv and zikv. in maranhão, the second biggest northeastern state, there are cases of human infections caused by these three arboviruses and presence of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus vectors. in this context, this study aimed to investi ... | 2018 | 29932932 |
| ancient treatment for lice: a source of suggestions for carriers of other infectious diseases? | louse infestation is one of the oldest contagious pestilential diseases of humankind, which has recently re-emerged in several developing countries as well as in homeless individuals and migrants. the present work provides the first phase of an historical excursus of louse remedies based on the classics of pharmaceutical literature, codes, pharmacopoeia and treatises. the second phase involves a literature search, based on the principal medical databases (scifinder, pubmed, google scholar, isi-w ... | 2018 | 29932096 |
| evaluation of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) life table attributes upon chikungunya virus replication reveals impact on egg-laying pathways. | arthropod-borne virus disease cycles constitute interactions among three primary players-the host, the vector, and the virus-in which the virus needs to interact with the host and the vector to establish its survival. while in the host, some arboviruses replicate aggressively, resulting in host pathogenicity, and manifest as a disease condition. these viruses more often utilize the vectors as reservoirs before they are transmitted to the host and therefore do not amplify to as large titers as th ... | 2018 | 29931258 |
| a high-risk zika and dengue transmission hub: virus detections in mosquitoes at a brazilian university campus. | zika virus (zikv) and dengue virus (denv) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses prevalent throughout tropical regions. currently, management of zikv and denv centers on control of the primary vector aedes aegypti. this vector is highly anthropophilic and is therefore prevalent throughout densely urbanised landscapes. a new passive trap for gravid ae. aegypti (gravid aedes trap - gat) was developed for mosquito surveillance. here the different killing agents and the level of transmission of arboviruses ... | 2018 | 29929561 |
| risk factors for the presence of dengue vector mosquitoes, and determinants of their prevalence and larval site selection in dhaka, bangladesh. | dengue viruses are responsible for over 100 million infections a year worldwide and are a public health concern in bangladesh. although risk of transmission is high, data on vector population characteristics are scanty in bangladesh; therefore, a comprehensive prediction of the patterns of local virus transmission is not possible. recognizing these gaps, multi-year entomological surveys were carried out in dhaka, where the disease is most frequently reported. the specific objectives of the prese ... | 2018 | 29928055 |
| vector competence of aedes aegypti, culex tarsalis, and culex quinquefasciatus from california for zika virus. | zika virus (zikv) has emerged since 2013 as a significant global human health threat following outbreaks in the pacific islands and rapid spread throughout south and central america. severe congenital and neurological sequelae have been linked to zikv infections. assessing the ability of common mosquito species to transmit zikv and characterizing variation in mosquito transmission of different zikv strains is important for estimating regional outbreak potential and for prioritizing local mosquit ... | 2018 | 29927940 |
| hydrophobic nanoprecipitates of β-cyclodextrin/avermectins inclusion compounds reveal insecticide activity against aedes aegypti larvae and low toxicity against fibroblasts. | in the present work, hydrophobic nanoprecipitates (hnps) of inclusion complexes formed between β-cyclodextrin (βcd) and the avermectins (avms) named eprinomectin (epri) and ivermectin (iver) were synthesized and characterized, and their larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti and human safety against fibroblasts were evaluated. initially, thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis data revealed that inclusion increased the thermal stability of avms in the presence of βcd. nuclear ... | 2018 | 29925239 |
| field testing & evaluation of the efficacy & duration of effectiveness of a biolarvicide, bactivec® sc (bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis sh-14) in bengaluru, india. | different formulations of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) have been tested against different mosquito vectors and other insects for their residual activity. in the present study, the efficacy and residual activity of a new formulation of bti (bactivec suspension concentrate) were evaluated against immature stages of anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae), aedes aegypti linnaeus (diptera: culicidae) and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae), in natural habitats in ... | 2018 | 29923520 |
| [current distribution and bioecological characterizations of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in brazzaville]. | aedes aegypti is a mosquito that has been known in congo for decades. it has always been involved in the transmission of some arboviruses. ae. albopictus is an invasive species native from asia. its presence was reported in congo in 2009. the proliferation of ae. albopictus, especially in brazzaville, in association with ae. aegypti, have increased the risk of arbovirus transmission. the distribution and bio-ecology of these two species remain poorly studied. we undertook entomological investiga ... | 2018 | 30950593 |
| effectiveness of a field trap barrier system for controlling aedes albopictus: a "removal trapping" strategy. | aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are the main vectors for the transmission of several viral pathogens, in particular, dengue, zika and chikungunya. in the absence of vaccines and treatment, control of aedes mosquitoes is the only means of keeping these diseases in check. aedes control is difficult, and it is, therefore, necessary to evaluate the efficacy of novel control methods, particularly those targeting adult and exophilic ae. albopictus populations. | 2018 | 29463300 |
| host plant forensics and olfactory-based detection in afro-tropical mosquito disease vectors. | the global spread of vector-borne diseases remains a worrying public health threat, raising the need for development of new combat strategies for vector control. knowledge of vector ecology can be exploited in this regard, including plant feeding; a critical resource that mosquitoes of both sexes rely on for survival and other metabolic processes. however, the identity of plant species mosquitoes feed on in nature remains largely unknown. by testing the hypothesis about selectivity in plant feed ... | 2018 | 29462150 |
| an overview of mosquito vectors of zika virus. | the mosquito-borne arbovirus zika virus (zikv, flavivirus, flaviviridae), has caused an outbreak impressive by its magnitude and rapid spread. first detected in uganda in africa in 1947, from where it spread to asia in the 1960s, it emerged in 2007 on the yap island in micronesia and hit most islands in the pacific region in 2013. subsequently, zikv was detected in the caribbean, and central and south america in 2015, and reached north america in 2016. although zikv infections are in general asy ... | 2018 | 29481868 |
| vector competence of selected north americananophelesandculexmosquitoes for zika virus. | zika virus (zikv) is a vector-borne flavivirus that has caused recent outbreaks associated with serious disease in infants and newborns in the americas.aedesmosquitoes are the primary vectors for zikv, but little is known about the diversity of mosquitoes that can transmit zikv in north america. we chose three abundant north american mosquito species (anopheles freeborni,anopheles quadrimaculatus, andculex tarsalis) and one known vector species (aedes aegypti), fed them blood meals supplemented ... | 2018 | 29472998 |
| potential occurrence of zika from subtropical to temperate argentina considering the basic reproduction number (r0). | to assess the potential occurrence of zika transmission throughout argentina by the mosquito aedes aegypti considering the basic reproduction number (r0). | 2018 | 29466517 |
| alterations of mitochondrial electron transport chain and oxidative stress induced by alkaloid-like α-aminonitriles on aedes aegypti larvae. | aedes aegypti mosquitoes are responsible for dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus transmission in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. due to the absence of vaccines or antiviral drugs for human treatment, the majority of control strategies are targeted at ae. aegypti elimination. our research on mosquito control insecticidal agents has previously shown that the alkaloid girgensohnine and its analogues (α-aminonitriles) present in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibition and in vivo inse ... | 2018 | 29463410 |
| synergistic effect of entomopathogenic fungus fusarium oxysporum extract in combination with temephos against three major mosquito vectors. | mosquito control using chemical insecticides is facing a major challenge due to development of insecticide resistance. improving the efficiency of existing insecticides using synergistic secondary metabolites of biological origin is increasingly being researched. herein, we evaluated the toxicity of fusarium oxysporum extract alone and in binary combinations with temephos, on larvae and pupae of anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefaciatus. f. oxysporum extract was characterized ... | 2018 | 29457957 |
| modeling the spread of the zika virus using topological data analysis. | zika virus (zikv), a disease spread primarily through the aedes aegypti mosquito, was identified in brazil in 2015 and was declared a global health emergency by the world health organization (who). epidemiologists often use common state-level attributes such as population density and temperature to determine the spread of disease. by applying techniques from topological data analysis, we believe that epidemiologists will be able to better predict how zikv will spread. we use the vietoris-rips fi ... | 2018 | 29438377 |
| integrated vector control of aedes aegypti mosquitoes around target houses. | the developing fetuses of pregnant women are at high risk of developing serious birth defects following zika virus infections. we applied an integrated vector control (ivc) approach using source reduction, larviciding, and mass trapping with non-insecticidal sticky traps to protect targeted houses by reducing the density of female aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | 2018 | 29422087 |
| zika and aedes aegypti: new and old challenges. | infection with the zika virus had a great impact not only on pregnant women and newborns, but also on public health, on popular ideas about aedes aegypti and with respect to women's social rights. the objective of this paper is to identify this impact and the historical, social and health changes of the disease and the legacy of the zika virus. interventions by researchers from different specialties foster conditions for more comprehensive investigations into future epidemic threats in brazil an ... | 2018 | 29412263 |
| zika virus mb16-23 in mosquitoes, miami-dade county, florida, usa, 2016. | we isolated a strain of zika virus, mb16-23, from aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected in miami beach, florida, usa, on september 2, 2016. phylogenetic analysis suggests that mb16-23 most likely originated from the caribbean region. | 2018 | 29400646 |
| mission accomplished? we need a guide to the 'post release' world of wolbachia for aedes-borne disease control. | historically, sustained control of aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and zika viruses, has been largely ineffective. subsequently, two novel 'rear and release' control strategies utilizing mosquitoes infected with wolbachia are currently being developed and deployed widely. in the incompatible insect technique, male aedes mosquitoes, infected with wolbachia, suppress populations through unproductive mating. in the transinfection strategy, both male and female wolbac ... | 2018 | 29396201 |
| larvicidal activity of selected plant extracts and their combination against the mosquito vectors culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti. | in order to develop an environment-friendly botanical mosquito larvicide alternative to the chemical larvicides, extracts were made from the leaves of hyptis suaveolens, lantana camara, nerium oleander, and tecoma stans with three organic solvents such as methanol (me), chloroform (ch), and petroleum ether (pe) using a soxhlet extractor. the plant extracts were screened for larvicidal activity individually and in combination against the larvae of aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus as per w ... | 2018 | 29460245 |
| mosquito saliva: the hope for a universal arbovirus vaccine? | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are taxonomically diverse causes of significant morbidity and mortality. in recent decades, important mosquito-borne viruses such as west nile, chikungunya, dengue, and zika have re-emerged and spread widely, in some cases pandemically, to cause serious public health emergencies. there are no licensed vaccines against most of these viruses, and vaccine development and use has been complicated by the number of different viruses to protect against, by subtype ... | 2018 | 29617849 |
| the potential impacts of 21st century climatic and population changes on human exposure to the virus vector mosquitoaedes aegypti. | the mosquitoaedes (ae). aegyptitransmits the viruses that cause dengue and chikungunya, two globally-important vector-borne diseases. we investigate how choosing alternate emissions and/or socioeconomic pathways may modulate future human exposure toae. aegypti. occurrence patterns forae. aegyptifor 2061-2080 are mapped globally using empirically downscaled air temperature and precipitation projections from the community earth system model, for the representative concentration pathway (rcp) 4.5 a ... | 2018 | 29610543 |
| identification of hub genes and pathways in zika virus infection using rna-seq data: a network-based computational approach. | zika virus (zikv), a single-strand rna flavivirus, is transmitted primarily through aedes aegypti. the recent outbreaks in america and unexpected association between zikv infection and birth defects have triggered the global attention. this vouches to understand the molecular mechanisms of zikv infection to develop effective drug therapy. a systems-level understanding of biological process affected by zikv infection in fetal brain sample led us to identify the candidate genes for pharmaceutical ... | 2018 | 29608426 |
| pyrethroid resistance persists after ten years without usage against aedes aegypti in governmental campaigns: lessons from são paulo state, brazil. | aedes aegypti, vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses, is found at high densities in tropical urban areas. the dissemination of this vector is partially the consequence of failures in current vector control methods, still mainly relying upon insecticides. in the state of são paulo (sp), brazil, public health managers employed pyrethroids against ae. aegypti adults from 1989 to 2000, when a robust insecticide resistance monitoring system detected resistance to pyrethroids in several ae. a ... | 2018 | 29601580 |
| zika virus pathogenesis in infant mice after natural transmission by the bite of infected mosquitoes. | the objective of this study was to understand natural disease progression in infant cd1 mice after the bite of aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected by the zika virus (zikv, mr-766 strain). | 2018 | 29597193 |
| commentary: zika virus in the americas-yet anotherarbovirusthreat. | 2018 | 29593683 | |
| diverse laboratory colonies of aedes aegypti harbor the same adult midgut bacterial microbiome. | host-associated microbes, collectively known as the microbiota, play an important role in the biology of multicellular organisms. in mosquito vectors of human pathogens, the gut bacterial microbiota influences vectorial capacity and has become the subject of intense study. in laboratory studies of vector biology, genetic effects are often inferred from differences between geographically and genetically diverse colonies of mosquitoes that are reared in the same insectary. it is unclear, however, ... | 2018 | 29587819 |
| a vaccinia-based single vector construct multi-pathogen vaccine protects against both zika and chikungunya viruses. | zika and chikungunya viruses have caused major epidemics and are transmitted by aedes aegypti and/or aedes albopictus mosquitoes. the "sementis copenhagen vector" (scv) system is a recently developed vaccinia-based, multiplication-defective, vaccine vector technology that allows manufacture in modified cho cells. herein we describe a single-vector construct scv vaccine that encodes the structural polyprotein cassettes of both zika and chikungunya viruses from different loci. a single vaccination ... | 2018 | 29581442 |
| characterization of the adult aedes aegypti early midgut peritrophic matrix proteome using lc-ms. | the aedes aegypti mosquito is the principal vector of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and zika virus. these arboviruses are transmitted during adult female mosquito bloodfeeding. while these viruses must transverse the midgut to replicate, the blood meal must also reach the midgut to be digested, absorbed, or excreted, as aggregation of blood meal metabolites can be toxic to the female mosquito midgut. the midgut peritrophic matrix (pm), a semipermeable extracellular layer ... | 2018 | 29570734 |
| treatment of chikungunya chronic arthritis: a systematic review. | chikungunya (chik) is a tropical arbovirus, transmitted by the female mosquito aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. in brazil, there have been cases reported since 2014. the initial manifestations of this virus are sudden onset high fever, headache, chills, rashes, myalgia and intense joint pain. usually, chik presents the acute and chronic phases, the latter characterized by bilateral polyarthralgia, which can last for months or even years. during this period, autoimmune diseases can be triggere ... | 2018 | 29561944 |
| model-based inference from multiple dose, time course data reveals wolbachia effects on infection profiles of type 1 dengue virus in aedes aegypti. | infection is a complex and dynamic process involving a population of invading microbes, the host and its responses, aimed at controlling the situation. depending on the purpose and level of organization, infection at the organism level can be described by a process as simple as a coin toss, or as complex as a multi-factorial dynamic model; the former, for instance, may be adequate as a component of a population model, while the latter is necessary for a thorough description of the process beginn ... | 2018 | 29558464 |
| mosquito-borne human viral diseases: whyaedes aegypti? | although numerous viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes, four have caused the most human suffering over the centuries and continuing today. these are the viruses causing yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and zika fevers. africa is clearly the ancestral home of yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika viruses and likely the dengue virus. several species of mosquitoes, primarily in the genusaedes, have been transmitting these viruses and their direct ancestors among african primates for millennia allo ... | 2018 | 29557341 |
| dengue virus infection inaedes albopictusduring the 2014 autochthonous dengue outbreak in tokyo metropolis, japan. | in 2014 in japan, 162 autochthonous dengue cases were reported for the first time in nearly 70 years. here, we report the results of the detection and isolation of dengue virus (denv) from mosquitoes collected in tokyo metropolis in 2014 and 2015. the phylogenetic relationship among denv isolates from mosquitoes and from patients based on both the entire envelope gene and whole coding sequences was evaluated. herein, 2,298 female and 956 maleaedes albopictusmosquitoes were collected at six suspe ... | 2018 | 29557338 |
| identification of aanat5b as a spermine n-acetyltransferase in the mosquito, aedes aegypti. | mosquitoes transmit a number of diseases in animals and humans, including dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses that affect millions of people each year. controlling the disease-transmitting mosquitoes has proven to be a successful strategy to reduce the viruses transmission. polyamines are required for the life cycle of the rna viruses, chikungunya virus and zika virus, and a depletion of spermidine and spermine in the host via induction of spermine n-acetyltransferase restricts their replicatio ... | 2018 | 29554129 |
| the mixture of cashew nut shell liquid and castor oil results in an efficient larvicide against aedes aegypti that does not alter embryo-fetal development, reproductive performance or dna integrity. | dengue fever, chikungunya fever and zika virus are epidemics in brazil that are transmitted by mosquitoes, such as aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus. the liquid from shells of cashew nuts is attractive for its important biological and therapeutic activities, which include toxicity to mosquitoes of the genus aedes. the present study evaluated the effects of a mixture of surfactants from natural cashew nutshell liquid and castor oil (named talcc-20) on the mortality of larvae and on the reproducti ... | 2018 | 29554095 |
| mapping the virome in wild-caught aedes aegypti from cairns and bangkok. | medically important arboviruses such as dengue, zika, and chikungunya viruses are primarily transmitted by the globally distributed mosquito aedes aegypti. increasing evidence suggests that transmission can be influenced by mosquito viromes. herein rna-seq was used to characterize rna metaviromes of wild-caught ae. aegypti from bangkok (thailand) and from cairns (australia). the two mosquito populations showed a high degree of similarity in their viromes. blast searches of assembled contigs sugg ... | 2018 | 29549363 |
| estimating the probability of dengue virus introduction and secondary autochthonous cases in europe. | given the speed of air travel, diseases even with a short viremia such as dengue can be easily exported to dengue naïve areas within 24 hours. we set out to estimate the risk of dengue virus introductions via travelers into europe and number of secondary autochthonous cases as a result of the introduction. we applied mathematical modeling to estimate the number of dengue-viremic air passengers from 16 dengue-endemic countries to 27 european countries, taking into account the incidence of dengue ... | 2018 | 29545610 |
| house screening with insecticide-treated netting provides sustained reductions in domestic populations of aedes aegypti in merida, mexico. | there is a need for effective methods to control aedes aegypti and prevent the transmission of dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever and zika viruses. insecticide treated screening (its) is a promising approach, particularly as it targets adult mosquitoes to reduce human-mosquito contact. | 2018 | 29543805 |
| the seasonal influence of climate and environment on yellow fever transmission across africa. | yellow fever virus (yfv) is a vector-borne flavivirus endemic to africa and latin america. ninety per cent of the global burden occurs in africa where it is primarily transmitted by aedes spp, with aedes aegypti the main vector for urban yellow fever (yf). mosquito life cycle and viral replication in the mosquito are heavily dependent on climate, particularly temperature and rainfall. we aimed to assess whether seasonal variations in climatic factors are associated with the seasonality of yf rep ... | 2018 | 29543798 |
| risk perception and level of knowledge of diseases transmitted by aedes aegypti. | diseases caused by viruses such as dengue, chikungunya and zika are mosquito-borne diseases transmitted by aedes aegypti. we performed a cross-sectional study of healthcare personnel and the general population using questionnaires to identify the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices, and risk perception for dengue, chikungunya and zika. a total of 248 questionnaires were applied, 63.3% to healthcare personnel and 36.7% to the general population. of the healthcare personnel, 53% were men, ... | 2018 | 29538507 |
| dengue virus in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in urban areas in the state of rio grande do norte, brazil: importance of virological and entomological surveillance. | vector control remains the sole effective method to prevent dengue virus (denv) transmission, although a vaccine for dengue has recently become available and testing of its efficacy and coverage is being performed in multiple places. entomological surveillance is a key factor in alerting authorities to possible outbreaks, but until now natural denv infection of mosquito populations has been scarcely used as an early warning system to monitor fluctuating prevalence of infected mosquitoes. the pur ... | 2018 | 29534105 |
| chikungunya virus: a rheumatologist's perspective. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is an arthropod-borne alphavirus, transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. it is responsible for a febrile illness, typically accompanied by maculopapular rash and severe, incapacitating arthralgia. the disease, although generally self-limiting, frequently evolves into a long-lasting, debilitating rheumatic disorder, which shares many clinical features with rheumatoid arthritis (ra). the underlying mechanism by which chikv induces persistent arthrit ... | 2018 | 29533749 |
| comparative phylogeography ofaedesmosquitoes and the role of past climatic change for evolution within africa. | the study of demographic processes involved in species diversification and evolution ultimately provides explanations for the complex distribution of biodiversity on earth, indicates regions important for the maintenance and generation of biodiversity, and identifies biological units important for conservation or medical consequence. african and forest biota have both received relatively little attention with regard to understanding their diversification, although one possible mechanism is that ... | 2018 | 29531714 |
| natural variation in resistance to virus infection in dipteran insects. | the power and ease ofdrosophilagenetics and the medical relevance of mosquito-transmitted viruses have made dipterans important model organisms in antiviral immunology. studies of virus-host interactions at the molecular and population levels have illuminated determinants of resistance to virus infection. here, we review the sources and nature of variation in antiviral immunity and virus susceptibility in model dipteran insects, specifically the fruit flydrosophila melanogasterand vector mosquit ... | 2018 | 29522475 |
| update: noncongenital zika virus disease cases - 50 u.s. states and the district of columbia, 2016. | zika virus is a flavivirus primarily transmitted to humans by aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1). zika virus infections also have been documented through intrauterine transmission resulting in congenital infection; intrapartum transmission from a viremic mother to her newborn; sexual transmission; blood transfusion; and laboratory exposure (1-3). most zika virus infections are asymptomatic or result in mild clinical illness, characterized by acute onset of fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, or non ... | 2018 | 29518067 |
| impacts of diurnal temperature and larval density on aquatic development of aedes aegypti. | the increasing range of aedes aegypti, vector for zika, dengue, chikungunya, and other viruses, has brought attention to the need to understand the population and transmission dynamics of this mosquito. it is well understood that environmental factors and breeding site characteristics play a role in organismal development and the potential to transmit pathogens. in this study, we observe the impact of larval density in combination with diurnal temperature on the time to pupation, emergence, and ... | 2018 | 29513751 |
| zika virus epidemiology in bolivia: a seroprevalence study in volunteer blood donors. | zika virus (zikv), was widely reported in latin america and has been associated with neuropathologies, as microcephaly, but only few seroprevalence studies have been published to date. our objective was to determine the seroprevalence amongst bolivian blood donors and estimate the future potential circulation of the virus. | 2018 | 29513667 |
| swift fabrication of ag nanostructures using a colloidal solution of holostemma ada-kodien (apocynaceae) - antibiofilm potential, insecticidal activity against mosquitoes and non-target impact on water bugs. | recent research in entomology and parasitology focused on the efficacy of green fabricated nanomaterials as novel insecticides. in this study, we synthesized poly-dispersed and stable silver nanoparticles (agnps) using the leaf extract of holostemma ada-kodien. the nanostructures were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray, and x-ray diffraction analysis. t ... | 2018 | 29510358 |
| salivary factor ltrin from aedes aegypti facilitates the transmission of zika virus by interfering with the lymphotoxin-β receptor. | pathogens have co-evolved with mosquitoes to optimize transmission to hosts. mosquito salivary-gland extract is known to modulate host immune responses and facilitate pathogen transmission, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of this have remained unknown. in this study, we identified and characterized a prominent 15-kilodalton protein, ltrin, obtained from the salivary glands of the mosquito aedes aegypti. ltrin expression was upregulated in blood-fed mosquitoes, and ltrin facilitated the t ... | 2018 | 29507355 |
| transovarial transmission of dengue 1 virus in aedes aegypti larvae: real-time pcr analysis in a brazilian city with high mosquito population density. | transovarial transmission is among the reported factors able to influence environmental maintenance of dengue virus (denv). endemic areas with active transmission of dengue are suitable for studying transovarial transmission. brazil is a country where dengue is endemic and where denv-1 is the most common disease-related virus serotype. this study aimed to identify transovarial transmission of denv-1 in aedes aegypti larvae by reverse-transcriptase nested real-time polymerase chain reaction. betw ... | 2018 | 29505732 |
| wolbachia-mediated virus blocking in mosquito cells is dependent on xrn1-mediated viral rna degradation and influenced by viral replication rate. | wolbachia is currently being developed as a novel tool to block the transmission of dengue viruses (denv) by aedes aegypti. a number of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the denv-blocking phenotype in mosquitoes, including competition for fatty acids like cholesterol, manipulation of host mirnas and upregulation of innate immune pathways in the mosquito. we examined the various stages in the denv infection process to better understand the mechanism of wolbachia-mediated virus blocking (wm ... | 2018 | 29494679 |
| first evidence of vertical infection of dengue virus 2 in aedes aegypti mosquitoes from sinaloa, mexico. | fourteen pools of aedes aegypti larvae collected within the urban area of culiacán, sinaloa, were analyzed by rt-pcr. the results demonstrate, for the first time, the vertical infection of serotype-2 dengue virus (denv-2) in sinaloa, mexico, suggesting that ae. aegypti acts as a natural reservoir of denv-2 in this region. | 2018 | 29485942 |
| hypericum japonicum: a double-headed sword to combat vector control and cancer. | mosquito control with naturally derived herbal insecticides has gained much momentum, with the increased insecticide resistance of vectors and the multiple infectious diseases spread by them. yet, recent studies also suggest that mosquitoes could probably transmit some cancerous cells or cancer-causing viruses from one individual to another between their blood meals. the current research thus focused on the screening and characterization of novel plants with both mosquitocidal and anticancerous ... | 2018 | 29476319 |
| in tune with nature: wolbachia does not prevent pre-copula acoustic communication in aedes aegypti. | mosquito-borne diseases are rapidly spreading to vast territories, putting at risk most of the world's population. a key player in this scenario is aedes aegypti, a hematophagous species which hosts and transmits viruses causing dengue and other serious illnesses. since vector control strategies relying only on insecticides have proven unsustainable, an alternative method involving the release of wolbachia-harboring individuals has emerged. its successful implementation vastly depends on how fit ... | 2018 | 29471864 |
| dengue viruses and promising envelope protein domain iii-based vaccines. | dengue viruses are emerging mosquito-borne pathogens belonging to flaviviridae family which are transmitted to humans via the bites of infected mosquitoes aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. because of the wide distribution of these mosquito vectors, more than 2.5 billion people are approximately at risk of dengue infection. dengue viruses cause dengue fever and severe life-threatening illnesses as well as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. all four serotypes of dengue virus can ... | 2018 | 29470620 |
| using adult aedes aegypti females to predict areas at risk for dengue transmission: a spatial case-control study. | traditional indices for measuring dengue fever risk in a given area are based on the immature forms of the vector (larvae and pupae surveys). however, this is inefficient because only adult female mosquitoes actually transmit the virus. based on these assumptions, our objective was to evaluate the association between an entomological index obtained from adult mosquito traps and the occurrence of dengue in a hyperendemic area. additionally, we compared its cost to that of the breteau index (bi). | 2018 | 29462598 |