Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| comparison of foliar and soil formulations of neonicotinoid insecticides for control of potato leafhopper, empoasca fabae (homoptera: cicadellidae), in wine grapes. | the potential of systemic neonicotinoid insecticides to control potato leafhopper, empoasca fabae (harris), a damaging pest of wine grapes in the eastern united states, was investigated. soil or foliar applications were made to potted or field-grown vines, and the response of leafhoppers was determined in clip cages over the following month on young or mature leaves. | 2011 | 21268231 |
| photoprotective effects of 2 natural products on ultraviolet b-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in skh-1 mouse skin. | abstract solar ultraviolet radiation (uv) is the major cause of nonmelanoma skin cancer in humans. photochemoprevention with natural products represents a simple but very effective strategy for the management of cutaneous neoplasia. we studied the photoprotective activity of calluna vulgaris and red grape seed (vitis vinifera l, burgund mare variety [bm]) extracts in vivo in an skh-1 hairless mice skin model. fifty 8-week-old female skh-1 hairless mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10 ... | 2011 | 21470043 |
| vascular-specific expression of gus and gfp reporter genes in transgenic grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv. albari+¦o) conferred by the egccr promoter of eucalyptus gunnii. | in the view of the economic importance of grapevine and the increasing threaten represented by vascular diseases, transgenic grapevine with enhanced tolerance could represent an attractive opportunity. hitherto, constitutive promoters have been used generally to study the effects of transgene expression in grapevine. given the fact that constitutive gene expression may be harmful to the host plant, affecting plant growth and development, the use of tissue -specific promoters restricting gene exp ... | 2011 | 21393008 |
| effect of myricetin on deoxycorticosterone acetate (doca)-salt-hypertensive rats. | chronic administration of myricetin (100 and 300ôçëmgôçëkg(-1), p.o., for 4 weeks) isolated from vitis vinifera (vitaceae) ameliorated hypertension and oxidative stress induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (doca)-salt in rats. myricetin treatment reduced systolic blood pressure, vascular reactivity changes and reversed the doca-induced increase in heart rate. urinary sodium excretion was significantly decreased in animals treated with myricetin compared to the doca group when measured by flame ... | 2011 | 21391110 |
| targets of red grapes: oxidative damage of dna and leukaemia cells. | vitis vinifera is a widespread crop all over the world. the biophenols present in grapes have a remarkable influence on wine quality and also confer potential health-protecting properties to this fruit. the aim of the present work was to assess the beneficial properties of skin, seeds and pulp of red table grapes (rtg) (vitis vinifera, palieri cadiz variety). two potential beneficial activities of red table grapes (rtg) were analyzed: (i) the maintenance of genomic stability studying their genot ... | 2011 | 21366047 |
| upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a patient with defective hemostasis successfully treated with ankaferd blood stopper. | acute gastrointestinal (gi) bleeding is one of the most frequent causes for hospitalization and responsible for a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients. ankaferd blood stopper (abs) is a herbal extract attained from five different plants thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum and urtica dioica. here we report a challenging upper gi bleeding case with a low platelet count and defective hemostasis treated endoscopically with abs as an adjunctive dr ... | 2011 | 20677211 |
| effect of winemaking treatment and wine aging on phenolic content in vranec wines. | phenolic compounds and colour stability of red wines produced from vranec vitis vinifera l. grape variety were investigated by means of different maceration times (3, 6 and 10 days), two doses of so2 (30 and 70 mg/l so2), two yeasts for fermentation (vinalco and levuline), temperature of storage and time of aging (3, 6 and 16 months). in general, maceration time influenced the phenolics extraction from the grapes into the wine. highest concentrations of phenolic components were observed in the w ... | 2011 | 23572838 |
| vitis vinifera l. grape skin extract activates the insulin-signalling cascade and reduces hyperglycaemia in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. | this study examined the effect of vitis vinifera grape skin extract (ach09) on hyperglycaemia and the insulin-signalling cascade in alloxan-treated mice. | 2011 | 22221103 |
| chemopreventive effects of calluna vulgaris and vitis vinifera extracts on uvb-induced skin damage in skh-1 hairless mice. | solar ultraviolet radiation (uv) is a major cause of non-melanoma skin cancer in humans. photochemoprevention with natural products represents a simple but very effective strategy in the management of cutaneous neoplasia. the study investigated the protective activity of calluna vulgaris (cv) and red grape seeds (vitis vinifera l, burgund mare variety) (bm) extracts in vivo on uvb-induced deleterious effects in skh-1 mice skin. forty skh-1 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): control ... | 2011 | 21893700 |
| identification of tissue-specific, abiotic stress-responsive gene expression patterns in wine grape (vitis vinifera l.) based on curation and mining of large-scale est data sets. | abiotic stresses, such as water deficit and soil salinity, result in changes in physiology, nutrient use, and vegetative growth in vines, and ultimately, yield and flavor in berries of wine grape, vitis vinifera l. large-scale expressed sequence tags (ests) were generated, curated, and analyzed to identify major genetic determinants responsible for stress-adaptive responses. although roots serve as the first site of perception and/or injury for many types of abiotic stress, est sequencing in roo ... | 2011 | 21592389 |
| Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN primes Vitis vinifera L. and confers a better tolerance to low non-freezing temperatures. | Several endophytic bacteria reportedly induce resistance to biotic stress and abiotic stress tolerance in several plant species. Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN (PsJN) is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) that is able to colonize grapevine tissues and induce resistance to gray mold. Further, PsJN induces physiological changes that increase grapevine tolerance to low non-freezing temperatures. To better understand how bacteria induced the observed phenomena, stress-related gene ... | 2011 | 21942451 |
| [construction of a bivalent plant expression vector carrying vvsuc11 and vvsuc12 genes and its genetic transformation in sugar beet]. | we have recombined genes vvsuc11, vvsuc12 from vitis vinifera l., and root-specific promoters of sweet potato storage protein gene from ipomoea batatas l. lam., named as sp1 and sp2. we have constructed a vector pcambia2301-sp1- vvsuc11-sp2-vvsuc12 using pcambia2301 as an original vector. vvsuc11 and vvsuc12 were under the control of root-specific promoters of sweet potato storage protein gene. we transformed the vector into kws-9103 breeding line of beta vulgaris l. with agrobacterium-mediated ... | 2011 | 22097805 |
| the phytoalexin resveratrol regulates the initiation of hypersensitive cell death in vitis cell. | resveratrol is a major phytoalexin produced by plants in response to various stresses and promotes disease resistance. the resistance of north american grapevine vitis rupestris is correlated with a hypersensitive reaction (hr), while susceptible european vitis vinifera cv. 'pinot noir' does not exhibit hr, but expresses basal defence. we have shown previously that in cell lines derived from the two vitis species, the bacterial effector harpin induced a rapid and sensitive accumulation of stilbe ... | 2011 | 22053190 |
| spliceosomal intron size expansion in domesticated grapevine (vitis vinifera). | 2011 | 21385391 | |
| Constitutive expression of a grapevine polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein affects gene expression and cell wall properties in uninfected tobacco. | ABSTRACT: | 2011 | 22078230 |
| antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of selected egyptian medicinal plants. | medicinal plants have been used as a source of remedies since ancient times in egypt. the present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activity and the cytotoxicity of the organic extracts from 16 selected medicinal plants of egypt. the study was also extended to the isolation of the antiproliferative compound jaeschkeanadiol p-hydroxybenzoate (fh-25) from ferula hermonis. the microbroth dilution was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of the samples aga ... | 2011 | 22057918 |
| the orf3-encoded proteins of vitiviruses gva and gvb induce tubule-like and punctate structures during virus infection and localize to the plasmodesmata. | the genomic rna of vitiviruses contains 5 open reading frames (orf). orf3 encodes a protein to which the function of a movement protein (mp) was assigned, based on sequence homology with other viral proteins. the aim of the research described in this paper was to gain further insight in distribution profile of the orf3 product encoded by the vitiviruses grapevine virus a (gva) and grapevine virus b (gvb). expression of the gva mp-gfp fusion protein via the virus genome in nicotiana benthamiana l ... | 2011 | 22051060 |
| genetic diversity in the 3' terminal 4.7-kb region of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3. | grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (glrav-3; ampelovirus, closteroviridae), associated with grapevine leafroll disease, is an important pathogen found across all major grape-growing regions of the world. the genetic diversity of glrav-3 in napa valley, ca, was studied by sequencing 4.7 kb in the 3' terminal region of 50 isolates obtained from vitis vinifera 'merlot'. glrav-3 isolates were subdivided into four distinct phylogenetic clades. no evidence of positive selection was observed in the ... | 2011 | 21391825 |
| biological control of botrytis cinerea using the antagonistic and endophytic burkholderia cepacia cs5 for vine plantlet protection. | antifungal activity of the burkholderia cepacia cs5 was tested in vitro and in vivo for the control of botrytis cinerea . bacterial biomass was significantly improved by the amendment of znso(4), mo(7)(nh(4))(6)o(24), and mannitol to the nby medium; consequently, the amount of the secreted fungicides was increased. the quantification of b. cinerea inhibition, in liquid and solid conditions, showed an important sensitivity of this fungus to the strain cs5 fungicides. microscopic monitoring impact ... | 2011 | 22004162 |
| ankaferd hemostat in the management of gastrointestinal hemorrhages. | gastrointestinal (gi) bleeding refers to any hemorrhage ascribed to the pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, extending from the mouth to the anal canal. despite the recent improvements in the endoscopic, hemostatic and adjuvant pharmacologic techniques, the reported mortality is still around 5%-10% for peptic ulcer bleeding and about 15%-20% for variceal hemorrhages. although endoscopic management reduces the rates of re-bleeding, surgery, and mortality in active bleeding; early recurrence ... | 2011 | 22046083 |
| construction of a reference linkage map of vitis amurensis and genetic mapping of rpv8, a locus conferring resistance to grapevine downy mildew. | downy mildew, caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola, is one of the major threats to grapevine. all traditional cultivars of grapevine (vitis vinifera) are susceptible to downy mildew, the control of which requires regular application of fungicides. in contrast, many sources of resistance to p. viticola have been described in the vitis wild species, among which is v. amurensis rupr. (vitaceae), a species originating from east asia. a genetic linkage map of v. amurensis, based on 122 simple s ... | 2011 | 21404060 |
| impact of quillaja saponaria saponins on grapevine ecosystem organisms. | the control of grapevine pathogens is a rising concern in vitis vinifera culture. the current international trend is toward banning chemicals that are highly toxic to the environment and human workers, and adopting tighter regulations. we evaluated the impact of saponins on three kinds of organisms found in grapevine culture. the ectoparasitic nematode xiphinema index, the parasitic fungus botrytis cinerea and various yeast strains representative of the must fermentation population were incubate ... | 2011 | 21442351 |
| impacts of variations in elemental nutrient concentration of chardonnay musts on saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation kinetics and wine composition. | chardonnay, being the predominant white wine-grape cultivar in the australian wine sector, is subject to widely varying winemaking processes with the aim of producing a variety of wine styles. therefore, juice composition might not always be ideal for optimal fermentation outcomes. our aim was to better understand the composition of chardonnay juice and how compositional parameters impact on fermentation outcomes. this was achieved through a survey of 96 commercially prepared chardonnay juices d ... | 2011 | 21476141 |
| engineering saccharomyces cerevisiae to release 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol during fermentation through overexpression of an s. cerevisiae gene, str3, for improvement of wine aroma. | sulfur-containing aroma compounds are key contributors to the flavor of a diverse range of foods and beverages. the tropical fruit characters of vitis vinifera l. cv. sauvignon blanc wines are attributed to the presence of the aromatic thiols 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (3mh), 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol-acetate, and 4-mercapto-4-methylpentan-2-one (4mmp). these volatile thiols are found in small amounts in grape juice and are formed from nonvolatile cysteinylated precursors during fermentation. in this study ... | 2011 | 21478306 |
| A single amino acid change within the R2 domain of the VvMYB5b transcription factor modulates affinity for protein partners and target promoters selectivity. | Flavonoid pathway is spatially and temporally controlled during plant development and the transcriptional regulation of the structural genes is mostly orchestrated by a ternary protein complex that involves three classes of transcription factors (R2-R3-MYB, bHLH and WDR). In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), several MYB transcription factors have been identified but the interactions with their putative bHLH partners to regulate specific branches of the flavonoid pathway are still poorly understood. | 2011 | 21861899 |
| expression pattern, genomic structure, and promoter analysis of the gene encoding stilbene synthase from chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata. | the gene encoding stilbene synthase (sts) plays a central role in many biochemical and physiological actions, and its metabolite resveratrol possesses broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens, as well as diverse pharmacological properties, notably an anticancer effect. here, we report the expression analysis of the gene encoding sts and its promoter function from a powdery mildew (pm)-resistant chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata, and compare it with two pm-susceptible cultivated grapevines, vitis ... | 2011 | 21504880 |
| vitis vinifera vvnpr1.1 is the functional ortholog of atnpr1 and its overexpression in grapevine triggers constitutive activation of pr genes and enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. | studying grapevine (vitis vinifera) innate defense mechanisms is a prerequisite to the development of new protection strategies, based on the stimulation of plant signaling pathways to trigger pathogen resistance. two transcriptional coactivators (vvnpr1.1 and vvnpr1.2) with similarity to arabidopsis thaliana npr1 (non-expressor of pr genes 1), a well-characterized and key signaling element of the salicylic acid (sa) pathway, were recently isolated in vitis vinifera. in this study, functional ch ... | 2011 | 21505863 |
| effectiveness of insecticides in controlling the first and second generations of the lobesia botrana (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in table grapes. | the moth lobesia botrana (denis & schiffermüller) (lepidoptera: tortricidae) is a key pest of table and wine grape (vitis spp.) varieties in cyprus. many different insecticide combinations were applied for three consecutive years (2006-2008) in a sultana seedless table grape vineyard, aimed at controlling the first and second generations of this pest under warm and dry mediterranean climatic conditions. in cyprus, sultana is the main early maturing table grape variety grown in the country. l. bo ... | 2011 | 21510208 |
| generation and characterization of anti-chitinase monoclonal antibodies. | class iv chitinase, an allergenic protein of vitis vinifera (grape), was purified by anion exchange chromatography and used for immunization of balb/c mice. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were raised by hybridoma technology using sp2/0 myeloma cells. finally after three limiting dilutions, six stable clones were generated. antibody isotyping showed that igg(2a), igg(2b), and igm were produced by one, two, and three of the clones, respectively. all of the mabs had kappa light chain. the affinities ... | 2011 | 21529287 |
| compatible glrav-3 viral infections affect berry ripening decreasing sugar accumulation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in vitis vinifera. | virus infections in grapevine cause important economic losses and affect fruit quality worldwide. although the phenotypic symptoms associated to viral infections have been described, the molecular plant response triggered by virus infection is still poorly understood in vitis vinifera. as a first step to understand the fruit changes and mechanisms involved in the compatible grapevine-virus interaction, we analyzed the berry transcriptome in two stages of development in the red wine cultivar cabe ... | 2011 | 21786204 |
| resveratrol ameliorates tnfa-mediated suppression of erythropoiesis in human cd34(+) cells via modulation of nf-?b signalling. | overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnfa), has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anaemia of inflammation. tnfa suppresses erythroid colony formation via both direct and indirect effects on haematopoietic progenitors, often involving activation of nuclear factor (nf)-?b signalling resulting in downregulation of transcription factors critical for erythropoiesis. there is a dearth of effective and safe therapies for many patients with inflammat ... | 2011 | 21762122 |
| topical grape (vitis vinifera) seed extract promotes repair of full thickness wound in rabbit. | in recent years, oxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in impaired wound healing. grape (vitis vinifera) seed extract (gse) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. the present study was undertaken to assess the potential activity of grape seed hydroalcoholic extract in wound healing in rabbits. rabbits of either sex were subjected to a 20 +ù 20 mm square excision made over the skin of the back. the animals were randomly divided into seven experimental groups, as ... | 2011 | 21816000 |
| effect of climate change on infection of grapevine by downy and powdery mildew under controlled environment. | plant responses to elevated co2 and temperature have been much studied in recent years, but effects of climate change on pathological responses are largerly unknown. the pathosystems grapevine (vitis vinifera) - downy mildew (plasmopara viticola) and powdery mildew (erysiphe necatrix) were chosen as models to assess the potential impact of increased co2 and temperature on disease incidence and severity under controlled environment. grapevine potted plants were grown in phytotrons under 4 differe ... | 2011 | 22702176 |
| haemostatic effect of ankaferd blood stopper(®) seen during adenoidectomy. | in turkey, ankaferd blood stopper(®) (abs) has been approved for the management of external haemorrhages and bleedings occurring during dental surgeries (goker et al., 2008). ankaferd comprises a standardized mixture of plants, including thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum, and urtica diodica. this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ab s tam ponade in the control of intra-operative bleeding occurring during ad enoidectomy performed in children under the ... | 2011 | 22654224 |
| stilbenes and tyrosol as target compounds in the assessment of antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of vitis vinifera red wines from southern brazil. | the contents of stilbene monomers, cis-resveratrol, trans-resveratrol, cis-piceid, trans-piceid, and tyrosol, were quantified in vitis vinifera red wines, cvs. cabernet franc, merlot, sangiovese, and syrah, 2006 and 2007 vintages, from the sa¦âo joaquim region, a new grape-growing region at southern brazil. moreover, the effect of chronic consumption of these wines on the antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities was monitored in c57bl6 ldl receptor knockout mice and treated with a hypercholester ... | 2011 | 21718033 |
| hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of grapeseeds against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in rats. | the present study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant role of grape (vitis vinifera l.) seeds (gs) against ethanol-induced oxidative stress. the hepatoprotective and antioxidant roles of the gs supplementation feed against ethanol-induced oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring liver damage serum marker enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, +¦-glutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase, antioxidant defence system such as gs ... | 2011 | 21733325 |
| isolation, identification and sequence analysis of a thioredoxin h gene, a member of subgroup iii of h-type trxs from grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. askari). | thioredoxins (trxs) are small ubiquitous proteins which play a regulatory role in a variety of cellular processes. in contrast to other organisms, plants have a great number of trx types, consisting of six well-defined groups: f, m, x, and y in chloroplasts, o in mitochondria, and h mainly in cytosol. a full-length cdna, designated vvcxxs2, encoding trx h polypeptide was isolated and cloned from grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. askari) berries organ by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ... | 2011 | 21732058 |
| comparison of dry, wet and microwave digestion methods for the multi element determination in some dried fruit samples by icp-oes. | the aim of this study was used to investigate the level of trace metals (ba, pb, cd, mn, cr, co, ni, cu, mn, zn, sr and fe) in some dried fruits (prunus domestica l., ficus carica l., morus alba l., vitis vinifera l., prunus armeniaca l., and malus domestica) samples from turkey. trace elements were determined by icp-oes after dry, wet and microwave digestion methods in dried fruit samples. validation of the proposed method was carried out by using a nist-srm 1515-apple leaves certified referenc ... | 2011 | 21843582 |
| Proteomic analysis of the compatible interaction between Vitis vinifera and Plasmopara viticola. | We analyzed the proteome of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) leaves 24, 48 and 96h post infection (hpi) with the downy mildew pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Total proteins were separated on 2-DE gels. By MS analysis, we identified 82 unique grapevine proteins differentially expressed after infection. Upregulated proteins were often included in the functional categories of general metabolism and stress response, while proteins related to photosynthesis and energy production were mostly downregulated. As ... | 2011 | 22120121 |
| Aqueous extract from Vitis vinifera tendrils is able to enrich keratinocyte antioxidant defences. | An aqueous extract of V. vinifera L. tendrils was evaluated for its ability to enrich the antioxidant capacity of cultured cells. The long-time antioxidant capability of the extract was measured by in vitro chemical methods, and its influence on reduced glutathione levels and plasma membrane oxido reductase activity was determined in cultured human keratinocytes (NCTC 2544). Keratinocytes are cells normally exposed to oxidative stress, and for this reason adequately equipped with antioxidant def ... | 2011 | 21941905 |
| Investigation of the Volatile Composition of Pinotage Wines Fermented with Different Malolactic Starter Cultures Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled to Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF-MS). | Headspace solid phase microextraction in combination with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC×GC-TOF-MS) was used for the detailed investigation of the impact of malolactic fermentation (MLF) using three commercial Oenococcus oeni strains on the volatile composition of Vitis vinifera cv. Pinotage wines. GC×GC allowed the identification of 115 volatile compounds, including both major constituents and trace-level compounds, i ... | 2011 | 22023396 |
| black fungi and associated bacterial communities in the phyllosphere of grapevine. | in this study we investigate bacterial communities in association with an enriched black-fungal community in the plant phyllosphere to test whether these fungi create an environment for specific bacteria. under organic conditions of agriculture, grapevine plants (vitis vinifera) display an increased occurrence of the black fungi aureobasidium pullulans and epicoccum nigrum. their enrichment agrees with the tolerance of these fungi to copper and sulphate, both used as main fungicides in organic v ... | 2011 | 21944210 |
| structural and kinetic analysis of the unnatural fusion protein 4-coumaroyl-coa ligase::stilbene synthase. | to increase the biochemical efficiency of biosynthetic systems, metabolic engineers have explored different approaches for organizing enzymes, including the generation of unnatural fusion proteins. previous work aimed at improving the biosynthesis of resveratrol, a stilbene associated a range of health-promoting activities, in yeast used an unnatural engineered fusion protein of arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) 4-coumaroyl-coa ligase (at4cl1) and vitis vinifera (grape) stilbene synthase (v ... | 2011 | 22129213 |
| characterization of potential aba receptors in vitis vinifera. | molecular control mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance are based on the activation and regulation of specific stress-related genes. the phytohormone abscisic acid (aba) is a key endogenous messenger in a plant's response to such stresses. a novel aba binding mechanism which plays a key role in plant cell signaling cascades has recently been uncovered. in the absence of aba, a type 2c protein phosphatase (pp2c) interacts and inhibits the kinase snrk2. binding of aba to the pyr/pyls receptors e ... | 2011 | 22016084 |
| a multidisciplinary study on the effects of phloem-limited viruses on the agronomical performance and berry quality of vitis vinifera cv. nebbiolo. | viral infections are known to have a detrimental effect on grapevine yield and performance, but there is still a lack of knowledge about their effect on the quality and safety of end products. vines of vitis vinifera cv. nebbiolo clone 308, affected simultaneously by grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (glrav-1), grapevine virus a (gva), and rupestris stem pitting associated virus (rspav), were subjected to integrated analyses of agronomical performance, grape berry characteristics, instrument ... | 2011 | 21856458 |
| Analysis of high-identity segmental duplications in the grapevine genome. | Segmental duplications (SDs) are blocks of genomic sequence of 1-200 kb that map to different loci in a genome and share a sequence identity > 90%. SDs show at the sequence level the same characteristics as other regions of the human genome: they contain both high-copy repeats and gene sequences. SDs play an important role in genome plasticity by creating new genes and modeling genome structure. Although data is plentiful for mammals, not much was known about the representation of SDs in plant g ... | 2011 | 21871077 |
| Biosynthesis of the major tetrahydroxystilbenes in spruce, astringin and isorhapontin, proceeds via resveratrol and is enhanced by fungal infection. | Stilbenes are dibenzyl polyphenolic compounds produced in several unrelated plant families that appear to protect against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Stilbene biosynthesis has been well described in economically important plants, such as grape (Vitis vinifera), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), and pine (Pinus species). However, very little is known about the biosynthesis and ecological role of stilbenes in spruce (Picea), an important gymnosperm tree genus in temperate and boreal forests. To ... | 2011 | 21865488 |
| functional effect of grapevine 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase substitution k284n on muscat flavour formation. | grape berries of muscat cultivars (vitis vinifera l.) contain high levels of monoterpenols and exhibit a distinct aroma related to this composition of volatiles. a structural gene of the plastidial methyl-erythritol-phosphate (mep) pathway, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (vvdxs), was recently suggested as a candidate gene for this trait, having been co-localized with a major quantitative trait locus for linalool, nerol, and geraniol concentrations in berries. in addition, a structured a ... | 2011 | 21868399 |
| isolation and selection of yeasts from wine grape ecosystem secreting cold-active pectinolytic activity. | the present study was undertaken with the purpose of selecting yeasts from wine grapes that are able to produce extracellular cold-active pectinases. after two consecutive selections yeast isolates were identified by pheno- and genotyping, and pectinolytic activity was preliminarily characterised at proximate winemaking conditions. out of 1023 indigenous microorganisms isolated from grape skins of d.o. san rafael (mendoza, argentina) viticulture region, 565 (55%) showed pectinolytic activity on ... | 2011 | 21529977 |
| phenolic composition of the brazilian seedless table grape varieties brs clara and brs morena. | the detailed phenolic composition (anthocyanins, flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, stilbenes, and flavan-3-ols) in the skin and flesh of the new brs clara and brs morena seedless table grapes has been studied using hplc-dad-esi-ms/ms. the two grapes, especially brs morena, contained high amounts of phenolic compounds, mainly located in their skins and qualitatively not different from those found in vitis vinifera grapes. in addition, brs morena (a teinturier variety) showed qualitativ ... | 2011 | 21714563 |
| oviposition site preferences and performance in natural resources in the human commensals drosophila melanogaster and d. simulans. | the choice of egg laying site and progeny's performance in a rearing site are important components of habitat selection. despite the huge amount of genetic, morphological, behavioral and physiological data regarding drosophila melanogaster meigen and d. simulans sturtevant, oviposition site preferences remain poorly known. we investigated resource preference (acceptance and choice) and performance (measured as larval viability, developmental time and wing size) in vitis vinifera linneo (grape) a ... | 2011 | 21540639 |
| xylem structure of four grape varieties and 12 alternative hosts to the xylem-limited bacterium xylella fastidious. | background and aims the bacterium xylella fastidiosa (xf), responsible for pierce's disease (pd) of grapevine, colonizes the xylem conduits of vines, ultimately killing the plant. however, vitis vinifera grapevine varieties differ in their susceptibility to xf and numerous other plant species tolerate xf populations without showing symptoms. the aim of this study was to examine the xylem structure of grapevines with different susceptibilities to xf infection, as well as the xylem structure of no ... | 2011 | 21546428 |
| metabolic disorders and oxidative stress programming in offspring of rats fed a high-fat diet during lactation: effects of a vinifera grape skin (ach09) extract. | this study examined the effect of vitis vinifera grape skin ach09 extract (ach09) on metabolic disorders and oxidative stress in adult offspring of rats fed a high-fat diet (hf) during lactation. four groups of female rats were fed: control diet (7% fat); ach09 (7% fat + 200 mg-àkg-àd ach09 orally); hf (24% fat); hf+ ach09 (24% fat + 200 mg-àkg-àd ach09 orally) during lactation. from weaning onward, all female offspring were fed a control diet and killed when they were 90 or 180 days old. systol ... | 2011 | 21697730 |
| anticoagulant effect of polyphenols-rich extracts from black chokeberry and grape seeds. | blood coagulation consists of a series of zymogens that can be converted by limited proteolysis to active enzymes leading to the generation of thrombin. fresh plasma and human thrombin was incubated with extracts from berries of aronia melanocarpa or seeds of vitis vinifera (0.5; 5; 50μg/ml). the in vitro experiments showed that both extracts prolonged clotting time and decreased the maximal velocity of fibrin polymerization in human plasma. moreover thrombin incubation with both extracts result ... | 2011 | 21596108 |
| incidence of fumonisin b(2) production by aspergillus niger in portuguese wine regions. | fumonisin b(2) (fb(2)) was recently found to be produced by aspergillus niger . when grape-derived products were subsequently analyzed, fb(2) contamination was found in raisins, must, and wine. this study evaluated 681 strains of black aspergilli species isolated from portuguese wine grapes for fb(2) production when grown on czapek yeast agar. fb(2) was not detected in aspergillus carbonarius (n = 75) or aspergillus ibericus (n = 9) strains, but it was detected in 176 (29%) of the strains belong ... | 2011 | 21668017 |
| use of the vvmyba1 gene for non-destructive quantification of promoter activity via color histogram analysis in grapevine (vitis vinifera) and tobacco. | we report the development of a convenient plant-based reporter system to analyze promoters and facilitate selection of genetically engineered plants. the vvmyba1 gene of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) regulates the last metabolic step of anthocyanin biosynthesis and its ectopic expression leads to anthocyanin production in otherwise non-pigmented cells. to develop an anthocyanin-based quantitative reporter system, the vvmyba1 gene was isolated from v. vinifera 'merlot' and placed under control of ... | 2011 | 21229312 |
| resistance to plasmopara viticola in a grapevine segregating population is associated with stilbenoid accumulation and with specific host transcriptional responses. | abstract: | 2011 | 21838877 |
| 3-sulfanylhexanol precursor biogenesis in grapevine cells: the stimulating effect of botrytis cinerea. | volatile thiols, compounds that contribute strongly to the varietal aroma, are present in much higher concentrations in sweet wines than in dry wines. this positive effect, due to the presence of botrytis cinerea on the berries, in fact results from a strong enrichment of cysteine s-conjugate precursors in botrytized berries. in the present study, a convenient model was investigated to reproduce and therefore study this phenomenon. a vitis vinifera cell culture was used as a simple model, and we ... | 2011 | 21235257 |
| The effects of grape seeds polyphenols on SKH-1 mice skin irradiated with multiple doses of UV-B. | The study investigated the protective activity of red grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L, Burgund Mare variety) (BM) extracts in vivo on multiple doses of ultraviolet radiation (UV)-B-induced deleterious effects in SKH-1 mice skin. Eighty 8-weeks-old female SKH-1 mice were divided into 8 groups: control, vehicle, UV-B irradiated, vehicle+UV-B irradiated, BM 2.5mg polyphenols (PF)/cm(2)+UV-B irradiated, BM 4 mg PF/cm(2)+UV-B irradiated, UV-B+BM 2.5mg PF/cm(2), UV-B+BM 4 mg PF/cm(2). The extract was ap ... | 2011 | 21925895 |
| modeling cold curing of pierce's disease in vitis vinifera 'pinot noir' and 'cabernet sauvignon' grapevines in california. | pierce's disease (pd) of vitis vinifera grapevines is caused by the bacterium xylella fastidiosa, a pathogen with a wide plant host range. exposure of x. fastidiosa-infected plant tissue to cold temperatures has been shown to be effective at eliminating the pathogen from some plant hosts such as grapevines. this "cold curing" phenomenon suggests itself as a potential method for disease management and perhaps control. we investigated cold therapy of pd-affected 'pinot noir' and 'cabernet sauvigno ... | 2011 | 22070280 |
| genome-wide analysis of the set domain group family in grapevine. | the set domain group (sdg) proteins represent an evolutionarily-conserved family of epigenetic regulators present in eukaryotes and are putative candidates for the catalysis of lysine methylation in histones. plant genomes analyses of this family have been performed in arabidopsis, maize, and rice and functional studies have shown that sdg genes are involved in the control of plant development. in this work, we describe the identification and structural characterization of sdg genes in the vitis ... | 2011 | 21293861 |
| Host suitability and gas exchange response of grapevines to potato leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). | Although potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is highly polyphagous, classic host studies do not recognize grapevines (Vitis spp.), as suitable hosts. Recently, injury has been reported and reproduction documented within grape vineyards, suggesting a host expansion for the leafhopper. To document this apparent expansion in host use, we determined whether grape plants were suitable hosts for potato leafhopper reproduction, measured the consequence of feeding injur ... | 2011 | 21882698 |
| wound-healing properties of the oils of vitis vinifera and vaccinium macrocarpon. | vitis vinifera (grape) and vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) are well known medicinal plants; most of the pharmacologically active phytochemicals have been isolated from the skin, fruit juice, fermented extract and alcohol fractions of the plants above. here, the pharmacological properties of the phytochemical constituents present in oils of cranberry and grape were investigated. the oil of grape and cranberry has been evaluated for their wound healing activity by using an excision wound model i ... | 2011 | 21305631 |
| haplotype composition at the color locus is a major genetic determinant of skin color variation in vitis × labruscana grapes. | skin color is one of the most important fruit traits in grape, and has become greatly diversified due to hybridization and human selection. many studies concerning the genetic control of grape color in european species (vitis vinifera l.), especially the role of myb-related genes, have been reported. on the other hand, there have been few studies of the myb-related genes in grapes belonging to v. ×labruscana l.h. bailey, a subgroup of grapes that originated from the hybridization of v. labrusca ... | 2011 | 21311854 |
| Dietary agents in the prevention of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicty: preclinical observations. | Long term alcohol consumption is one of the important causes for liver failure and death. To complicate the existing problem there are no dependable hepatoprotective drugs and a large number of patients prefer using complementary and alternative medicines for treating and managing hepatic complications. Almost 25 centuries ago, Hippocrates, the father of medicine, proclaimed "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food." Exploring the association between diet and health continues even toda ... | 2011 | 22119904 |
| polysaccharide compositions of intervessel pit membranes contribute to pierce's disease resistance of grapevines. | symptom development of pierce's disease (pd) in grapevine (vitis vinifera) depends largely on the ability of the bacterium xylella fastidiosa to use cell wall-degrading enzymes (cwdes) to break up intervessel pit membranes (pms) and spread through the vessel system. in this study, an immunohistochemical technique was developed to analyze pectic and hemicellulosic polysaccharides of intervessel pms. our results indicate that pms of grapevine genotypes with different pd resistance differed in the ... | 2011 | 21343427 |
| the microbial ecology of wine grape berries. | grapes have a complex microbial ecology including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria with different physiological characteristics and effects upon wine production. some species are only found in grapes, such as parasitic fungi and environmental bacteria, while others have the ability to survive and grow in wines, constituting the wine microbial consortium. this consortium covers yeast species, lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria. the proportion of these microorganisms depends on th ... | 2011 | 22189021 |
| physicochemical, nutritional, and antimicrobial properties of wine grape (cv. merlot) pomace extract-based films. | wine grape pomace (wgp) (cv. merlot) extract-based films were studied in terms of their physicochemical, mechanical, water barrier, nutritional, and antibacterial properties. pomace extract (pe) was obtained by hot water extraction and had a total soluble solid of 3.6% and ph 3.65. plant-based polysaccharides, low methoxyl pectin (lmp, 0.75% w/w), sodium alginate (sa, 0.3% w/w), or ticafilm (tf, 2% w/w), was added into pe for film formation, respectively. elongation at break and tensile strength ... | 2011 | 21535831 |
| investigation of phenolic acids in suspension cultures of vitis vinifera stimulated with indanoyl-isoleucine, n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine, malonyl coenzyme a and insect saliva. | vitis vinifera c.v. muscat de frontignan (grape) contains various high valuable bioactive phenolic compounds with pharmaceutical properties and industrial interest which are not fully exploited. the focus of this investigation consists in testing the effects of various biological elicitors on a non-morphogenic callus suspension culture of v. vinifera. the investigated elicitors: indanoyl-isoleucine (in), n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine (lg), insect saliva (is) and malonyl coenzyme a (mcoa) were aimed a ... | 2012 | 24957372 |
| downy mildew resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 in susceptible grapevines partially mimics transcriptional changes of resistant genotypes. | downy mildew, caused by plasmopara viticola, is one of the most severe diseases of grapevine and is commonly controlled by fungicide treatments. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) can induce resistance to downy mildew, although the molecular events associated with this process have not yet been elucidated in grapevine. a next generation rna sequencing (rna-seq) approach was used to study global transcriptional changes associated with resistance induced by t39 in vitis v ... | 2012 | 23173562 |
| cultivar-specific kinetics of gene induction during downy mildew early infection in grapevine. | the oomycete pathogen plasmopara viticola (berk. et curt.) berl. et de toni is the causing agent of the destructive downy mildew disease in grapevine. despite the advances towards elucidation of grapevine resistance mechanisms to downy mildew, increased knowledge of the biological and genetic components of the pathosystem is important to design suitable breeding strategies. previously, a cdna microarray approach was used to compare two vitis vinifera genotypes regent and trincadeira (resistant a ... | 2012 | 22246600 |
| the genes and enzymes of the carotenoid metabolic pathway in vitis vinifera l. | carotenoids are a heterogeneous group of plant isoprenoids primarily involved in photosynthesis. in plants the cleavage of carotenoids leads to the formation of the phytohormones abscisic acid and strigolactone, and c13-norisoprenoids involved in the characteristic flavour and aroma compounds in flowers and fruits and are of specific importance in the varietal character of grapes and wine. this work extends the previous reports of carotenoid gene expression and photosynthetic pigment analysis by ... | 2012 | 22702718 |
| defence signalling triggered by flg22 and harpin is integrated into a different stilbene output in vitis cells. | plants can activate defence to pathogen attack by two layers of innate immunity: basal immunity triggered by pathogen-associated molecular pattern (pamp) triggered immunity (pti) and effector-triggered immunity (eti) linked with programmed cell death. flg22 and harpin are evolutionary distinct bacterial pamps. we have previously shown that harpin triggers hypersensitive cell death mimicking eti in vitis rupestris, but not in the vitis vinifera cultivar 'pinot noir'. in contrast, the bacterial pa ... | 2012 | 22792328 |
| antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of serbian red wines produced from international vitis vinifera grape varieties. | antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of serbian red wines produced from different international vitis vinifera grape varieties and their correlation with contents of phenolic compounds were studied by spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. the antioxidant activity of red wines was estimated through their ability to scavenge 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (dpph(•) ). the red wines, gallic acid, (+)-catechin and quercetin were screened in vitro for antimicrobial activity ... | 2012 | 22318878 |
| early season host plants of apolygus lucorum (heteroptera: miridae) in northern china. | apolygus lucorum (meyer-dür) (heteroptera: miridae) has become a severe pest of cotton and many other crops in northern china as a result of the widespread adoption of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) cotton, with a corresponding reduction of broad-spectrum insecticide application in cotton fields. from the middle of april to middle june, a. lucorum feeds and develops on other host plants before dispersing to cotton fields. effective suppression of a. lucorum populations before they enter cotto ... | 2012 | 23156156 |
| enhanced anthocyanins and resveratrol production in vitis vinifera cell suspension culture by indanoyl-isoleucine, n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine and insect saliva. | the effects of two synthetic elicitor indanoyl-isoleucine (in-ile), n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine (lin-gln) and one biotic elicitor insect saliva (from manduca sexta larvae) on plant cell cultures with respect to the induction of secondary metabolite production were investigated. stimulated production of secondary metabolites, particularly anthocyanins in plant cells and phenolic acids in culture medium, was studied by using suspension culture of vitis vinifera l. cv. gamay fréaux as a model system. ... | 2012 | 22133437 |
| genome sequence of methylobacterium sp. strain gxf4, a xylem-associated bacterium isolated from vitis vinifera l. grapevine. | methylobacterium sp. strain gxf4 is an isolate from grapevine. here we present the sequence, assembly, and annotation of its genome, which may shed light on its role as a grapevine xylem inhabitant. to our knowledge, this is the first genome announcement of a plant xylem-associated strain of the genus methylobacterium. | 2012 | 22933776 |
| genome sequence of novosphingobium sp. strain rr 2-17, a nopaline crown gall-associated bacterium isolated from vitis vinifera l. grapevine. | novosphingobium sp. strain rr 2-17 is an n-acyl homoserine lactone (ahl)-producing bacterium isolated from the crown gall tumor of a grapevine. to our knowledge, this is the first draft genome announcement of a plant-associated strain from the genus novosphingobium. | 2012 | 22933764 |
| fermented grape marc (fgm): immunomodulating properties and its potential exploitation in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. | the onset of neurodegenerative diseases has become more frequent than in the past also in relation to inappropriate dietary habits adopted in the western world. nutraceuticals are currently investigated in order to prevent or retard the outcome of the so-called diet-related diseases, even including neurodegenerative pathologies. here, we have in vitro studied the ability of fermented grape marc (fgm) from negroamaro (n) and koshu (k) vitis vinifera to modulate the function of human peripheral bl ... | 2012 | 22211687 |
| nutraceutical properties and polyphenolic profile of berry skin and wine of vitis vinifera l. (cv. aglianico). | red grapes are rich in phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins and resveratrol, all substances which have been suggested as having nutraceutical and health benefits. the berry skin and wine of grape cultivar vitis vinifera l. (cv. aglianico), grown in basilicata (southern italy) were examined to determinate the presence of the above mentioned compounds as well as to establish the inorganic cation profile. hplc analysis coupled with lc-esi/ms/ms detected high contents of total flavonols and anthocyan ... | 2012 | 23692745 |
| hepatoprotective effects of total triterpenoids and total flavonoids from vitis vinifera l against immunological liver injury in mice. | suosuo grape (the fruits of vitis vinifera l) has been used for prevention and treatment of liver diseases in uighur folk medicine in china besides its edible value. in this study, the hepatoprotective effects of total triterpenoids (vtt) and total flavonoids (vtf) from suosuo grape were evaluated in bacille-calmette-guerin- (bcg-) plus-lipopolysaccharide- (lps-) induced immunological liver injury (ili) in mice. various dose groups (50, 150, and 300 mg/kg) of vtt and vtf alleviated the degree of ... | 2012 | 22262981 |
| vvbor1, the grapevine ortholog of atbor1 encodes an efflux boron transporter that is differentially expressed through reproductive development of vitis vinifera l. | boron (b) is an essential micronutrient for normal development of roots, shoots and reproductive tissues in plants. due to its role in the rhamnogalacturonan ii structure, a polysaccharide required for pollen tube growth, deficiency of b has been associated to the occurrence of parthenocarpic seedless grapes in some varieties of vitis vinifera l. despite of that, is unclear how b is mobilized and accumulated in reproductive tissues. here we describe the characterization of an efflux b transporte ... | 2012 | 22247248 |
| nutritive value of different grape musts (vitis vinifera l.). | musts of 11 different grape sorts were analyzed for titratable acids, total sugars, nitrogen, vitamin b group (b1, b2, b6, pantothenic acid) and macro- and micro elements (k, ca, mg, fe, zn, cu, mn, mo). analyses were done on samples collected in 1983 and 1984. the nutritive value of each sample was characterised by indices based on the nutrient concentrations and recommended dietary allowances (rda). the nutritive values of the various grape must sorts were generally similar to those of the fol ... | 2012 | 3507685 |
| proteomic analysis of grapevine resistance induced by trichoderma harzianum t39 reveals specific defence pathways activated against downy mildew. | downy mildew is caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola and is one of the most serious diseases of grapevine. the beneficial microorganism trichoderma harzianum t39 (t39) has previously been shown to induce plant-mediated resistance and to reduce the severity of downy mildew in susceptible grapevines. in order to better understand the cellular processes associated with t39-induced resistance, the proteomic and histochemical changes activated by t39 in grapevine were investigated before and 1 ... | 2012 | 23105132 |
| genome-wide identification and analysis of the tify gene family in grape. | the tify gene family constitutes a plant-specific group of genes with a broad range of functions. this family encodes four subfamilies of proteins, including zml, tify, ppd and jasmonate zim-domain (jaz) proteins. jaz proteins are targets of the scf(coi1) complex, and function as negative regulators in the ja signaling pathway. recently, it has been reported in both arabidopsis and rice that tify genes, and especially jaz genes, may be involved in plant defense against insect feeding, wounding, ... | 2012 | 22984514 |
| co-evolution between grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus and vitis vinifera l. leads to decreased defence responses and increased transcription of genes related to photosynthesis. | grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (grspav) is a widespread virus infecting vitis spp. although it has established a compatible viral interaction in vitis vinifera without the development of phenotypic alterations, it can occur as distinct variants that show different symptoms in diverse vitis species. the changes induced by grspav in v. vinifera cv 'bosco', an italian white grape variety, were investigated by combining agronomic, physiological, and molecular approaches, in order ... | 2012 | 22987838 |
| high-throughput screening for anti-influenza a virus drugs and study of the mechanism of procyanidin on influenza a virus-induced autophagy. | in this research, we have established a high-throughput screening (hts) platform based on the influenza a virus (iav) vrna promoter. using this hts platform, we selected 35 medicinal plants out of 83 examples of traditional chinese medicine and found that 7 examples had not been reported. after examining many previous reports, we found that vaccinium angustifolium ait., vitis vinifera l, and cinnamomum cassia presl had a common active compound, procyanidin, and then determined the anti-iav effec ... | 2012 | 22286278 |
| evaluation of fermentation efficiency of yeast strains and their effect on quality of young wines. | the yeast has important role in fermentation of wine grapes and wine quality. the fermentation of wine grapes affect by efficiency of particular yeast strain, sugar content, ph, available temperature, etc. to evaluate the efficiency of yeast strains (premier cuvee, rs-1, rs-2, rs-3 and natural), present study was conducted on two wine grape varieties viz.; sauvignon blanc (white) and cabernet sauvignon (red). efficiency of yeast strains was evaluated in terms of conversion rate of sugar into alc ... | 2012 | 23997346 |
| high-throughput sequence analysis of small rnas in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) affected by grapevine leafroll disease. | grapevine leafroll disease (glrd) is one of the most economically important virus diseases of grapevine (vitis spp.) worldwide. in this study, we used high-throughput sequencing of cdna libraries made from small rnas (srnas) to compare profiles of srna populations recovered from own-rooted merlot grapevines with and without glrd symptoms. the data revealed the presence of srnas specific to grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, hop stunt viroid (hpsvd), grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (gysvd-1 ... | 2012 | 22827483 |
| changes in sour rotten grape berry microbiota during ripening and wine fermentation. | this study investigated the microbiota of sour rotten wine grapes and its impact on wine fermentations. yeasts, lactic acid bacteria (lab) and acetic acid bacteria (aab) were enumerated and identified on sound and sour rot grapes during the ripening stage. the alteration of the ecological balance induced by sour rot was particularly evidenced by the unequivocal increase of yeast and aab counts on rotten grapes, since the beginning of ripening. yeast and aab species diversity in rotten grape samp ... | 2012 | 22277696 |
| thiamine induced resistance to plasmopara viticola in grapevine and elicited host-defense responses, including hr like-cell death. | recently, thiamine (vitaminb1) has been shown to induce resistance against pseudomonas syringae in arabidopsis plants through priming of defense responses. in this paper, we have demonstrated the efficiency of thiamine to induce resistance against downy mildew caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola in a susceptible vitis vinifera cultivar "chardonnay" under glasshouse controlled conditions by providing a dual mode of action involving direct antifungal activity and elicitation of host-defense ... | 2012 | 22698755 |
| characterization of a putative grapevine zn transporter, vvzip3, suggests its involvement in early reproductive development in vitis vinifera l. | zinc (zn) deficiency is one of the most widespread mineral nutritional problems that affect normal development in plants. because zn cannot passively diffuse across cell membranes, it must be transported into intracellular compartments for all biological processes where zn is required. several members of the zinc-regulated transporters, iron-regulated transporter-like protein (zip) gene family have been characterized in plants, and have shown to be involved in metal uptake and transport. this st ... | 2012 | 22824090 |
| environmental factors affect the activity of biocontrol agents against ochratoxigenic aspergillus carbonarius on wine grape. | the influence of temperature and relative humidity (rh) on the activity of three biocontrol agents-the yeast metschnikowia pulcherrima ls16 and two strains of the yeast-like fungus aureobasidium pullulans ls30 and au34-2-against infection by a. carbonarius and ochratoxin a (ota) accumulation in wine grape berries was investigated in lab-scale experiments. the presence of wounds on grape skin dramatically favored infection of berries by a. carbonarius strain a1102, since unwounded berries showed ... | 2012 | 22921968 |
| identification and characterization of the defensin-like gene family of grapevine. | defensins are a class of small and diverse cysteine-rich proteins found in plants, insects, and vertebrates, which share a common tertiary structure and usually exert broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. we used a bioinformatic approach to scan the vitis vinifera genome and identified 79 defensin-like sequences (defl) corresponding to 46 genes and allelic variants, plus 33 pseudogenes and gene fragments. expansion and diversification of grapevine defl has occurred after the split from the la ... | 2012 | 22550957 |
| vvgols1 and vvhsfa2 are involved in the heat stress responses in grapevine berries. | among various environmental factors, temperature is a major regulator affecting plant growth, development and fruit composition. grapevine is the most cultivated fruit plant throughout the world, and grapes are used for wine production and human consumption. the molecular mechanisms involved in grapevine tolerance to high temperature, especially at the fruit level, are poorly understood. to better characterize the sensitivity of berries to the microenvironment, high temperature conditions were l ... | 2012 | 22952249 |
| effect of different drying methods and storage time on the retention of bioactive compounds and antibacterial activity of wine grape pomace (pinot noir and merlot). | the effects of different drying methods (40 °c conventional and vacuum oven, 25 °c ambient air and freeze dry) on the stability of two red wine grape (pinot noir, pn and merlot, m) byproducts, pomace containing skins and seeds (p) and pomace containing skins only (s) were investigated. freeze dried samples retained the highest bioactive compounds with total phenolic content (tpc) of 21.19-67.74 mg gae/g d.m., anthocyanin content (acy) of 0.35-0.76 mg mal-3-glu/g d.m., dpph antiradical scavenge a ... | 2012 | 22908851 |
| metabolomics reveals simultaneous influences of plant defence system and fungal growth in botrytis cinerea-infected vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay berries. | botrytis cinerea is a fungal plant pathogen of grape berries, leading to economic and quality losses in wine production. the global metabolite changes induced by b. cinerea infection in grape have not been established to date, even though b. cinerea infection is known to cause significant changes in chemicals or metabolites. in order to better understand metabolic mechanisms linked to the infection process and to identify the metabolites associated with b. cinerea infection, (1)h nmr spectroscop ... | 2012 | 22945941 |
| susceptibility to downy mildew in grape clusters: new microscopical and biochemical insights. | grape clusters of different vitis genotypes, including vitis vinifera cvs chasselas and merlot, and two interspecific grape varieties, solaris (cvs. merzling* x (saperavi severneyi x muscat ottonel)) and 2091 (cvs. gamaret x bronner), are susceptible or resistant to downy mildew. these cultivars were inoculated with plasmopara viticola at three developmental stages (bbch stages 53, 69 and 75). samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy and the synthesis of stilbenes was measured. micr ... | 2012 | 22305077 |
| discovery of novel rules for g-quadruplex-forming sequences in plants by using bioinformatics methods. | the g-quadruplex is one of the most frequently studied secondary dna structures and consists of 4 guanine residues that interact through watson-crick and hoogsteen pairing. the g-quadruplex formation is thought to be a molecular switch for gene expression. genome-wide analyses of g-quadruplexes have been published for many species; however, only one genome-wide analysis of g-quadruplexes in plants has been reported. here, we propose a new approach involving a two-step procedure for identifying g ... | 2012 | 22721688 |
| molecular cloning, sequence characterization of a novel pepper gene nadp-icdh and its effect on cytoplasmic male sterility. | nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (nadp-icdh) is an important enzyme involved in energy metabolism. the complete coding sequence of the pepper (capsicum annuum) nadp-icdh gene was amplified using a reverse transcriptase pcr based on the conserved sequence information of the tomato and other solanaceae plants and known highly homologous pepper ests. nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the pepper nadp-icdh gene encodes a protein of 415 amino acids that has high homology with the prote ... | 2012 | 22653649 |