Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| the rfah gene, which affects lipopolysaccharide synthesis in salmonella enterica serovar typhi, is differentially expressed during the bacterial growth phase. | we have cloned and sequenced the rfah gene from salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain ty2. the gene showed a high degree of similarity to the rfah genes from escherichia coli k-12 and s. enterica serovar typhimurium. a rfah mutant was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. this mutant produced a rough lipopolysaccharide (lps), with an incomplete core region. the defect in lps expression that results from the rfah mutation was corrected by a plasmid carrying the intact gene. the plasmid-bor ... | 2001 | 11682190 |
| characterization of salmonella associated with pig ear dog treats in canada. | in the summer of 1999, the incidence of salmonella enterica serotype infantis infections in alberta rose dramatically. subsequent laboratory and epidemiological investigations established that an outbreak of human disease caused by this organism was occurring across canada and was associated with pet treats for dogs produced from processed pig ears. laboratory investigations using phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) established that isolates of salmonella serotype infantis f ... | 2001 | 11682515 |
| evaluation of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detecting salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin antibodies in bulk milk. | two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for the detecting salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin antibodies in bulk milk were developed and evaluated for potential use in control programs. the elisas were based on either lipopolysacharide (lps elisa) or flagellar antigen (gp elisa). sensitivity was determined with 79 case herds with a wide range of clinical signs. specificity was determined with 125 dutch and 200 swedish control herds. the relation between antibodies in bulk ... | 2001 | 11687438 |
| a minor capsid protein p30 is essential for bacteriophage prd1 capsid assembly. | bacteriophage prd1 is a double-stranded dna virus infecting gram-negative hosts. it has a membrane component located in the interior of the isometric capsid. in addition to the major capsid protein p3, the capsid contains a 9 kda protein p30. protein p30 is proposed to be located between the adjacent facets of the icosahedral capsid and is required for stable capsid assembly. in its absence, an empty phage-specific membrane vesicle is formed. the major protein component of this vesicle is a phag ... | 2001 | 11697904 |
| papb paralogues and their effect on the phase variation of type 1 fimbriae in escherichia coli. | recent work has demonstrated that expression of type 1 fimbriae is repressed by papb, a regulator of pyelonephritis-associated pili (p-pili). papb belongs to family of related adhesin regulators, for which consensus residues required for dna binding and oligomerization have been identified. of the regulators tested in this study, papb, sfab (s-fimbriae) and pefb (salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium--plasmid-encoded fimbriae) repressed fimb-promoted off-to-on inversion of the fim switch, alth ... | 2001 | 11703657 |
| bacteremia associated with live attenuated chi8110 salmonella enterica serovar typhi isp1820 in healthy adult volunteers. | live attenuated chi8110 salmonella enterica serovar typhi isp1820 vaccine was given in a dose-escalation trial to healthy, adult volunteers. positive stool and blood cultures were noted, but limited, as were immune responses measured by elisa and elispot. only volunteers with bacteremia developed immune responses; however, no symptoms were associated with bacteremia. the vaccine was insufficiently immunogenic for use as a vaccine. it is possible that reduced survival in the gut and reduced immun ... | 2001 | 11580224 |
| [five cases of gastroenteritis with multiresistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 related to farm animals in denmark]. | whereas the overall incidence of human salmonella infections in denmark has fallen during the past three years, the number of infections with multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium definitive type 104 (dt104) has risen. we report five cases of human infection with dt104 in patients living on farms, in which cattle and mixed herds of cattle and pigs were infected with dt104. transmission from the animals to the patients in the cases described is likely to have occurred. these cases emphasize ... | 2001 | 11665472 |
| regulated antigen expression in live recombinant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strongly affects colonization capabilities and specific cd4(+)-t-cell responses. | regulated antigen expression can influence the immunogenicity of live recombinant salmonella vaccines, but a rational optimization has remained difficult since important aspects of this effect are incompletely understood. here, attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl3261 strains expressing the model antigen gfp_ova were used to quantify in vivo antigen levels by flow cytometry and to simultaneously follow the crucial early steps of antigen-specific t-cell responses in mice that are ... | 2001 | 11705925 |
| [outbreak of salmonella bovismorbificans infection]. | 2001 | 11665476 | |
| in vivo expression from the rpos-dependent p1 promoter of the osmotically regulated prou operon in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium: activation by rho and hns mutations and by cold stress. | unlike the sigma(70)-controlled p2 promoter for the osmotically regulated prou operon of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, the sigma(s)-controlled p1 promoter situated further upstream appears not to contribute to expression of the prou structural genes under ordinary growth conditions. for s. enterica prou p1, there is evidence that promoter crypticity is the result of a transcription attenuation phenomenon which is relieved by the deletion of a 22-base c-rich segmen ... | 2001 | 11673423 |
| three molecular methods to identify salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt104: pcr fingerprinting, multiplex pcr and rapid pfge. | here we report the accuracy with which three molecular techniques (pcr fingerprinting, multiplex pcr and macrorestriction profiling) distinguished salmonella enterica typhimurium dt104 (hereafter referred to as dt104) from other related strains of salmonella. each technique was tested by screening a set of 20 isolates (10 dt104, eight non-dt104 typhimurium, one s. enterica agona, one s. enterica newport) and each consistently differentiated dt104 from non-dt104 isolates based on visual inspectio ... | 2001 | 11728711 |
| transposition of is1397 in the family enterobacteriaceae and first characterization of iskpn1, a new insertion sequence associated with klebsiella pneumoniae palindromic units. | is1397 and iskpn1 are is3 family members which are specifically inserted into the loop of palindromic units (pus). is1397 is shown to transpose into pus with sequences close or identical to the escherichia coli consensus, even in other enterobacteria (salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, klebsiella pneumoniae, and klebsiella oxytoca). moreover, we show that homologous intergenic regions containing pus constitute is1397 transpositional hot spots, despite bacterial interspersed mosaic element ... | 2001 | 11443073 |
| aspartic peptide hydrolases in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | two well-characterized enzymes in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and escherichia coli are able to hydrolyze n-terminal aspartyl (asp) dipeptides: peptidase b, a broad-specificity aminopeptidase, and peptidase e, an asp-specific dipeptidase. a serovar typhimurium strain lacking both of these enzymes, however, can still utilize most n-terminal asp dipeptides as sources of amino acids, and extracts of such a strain contain additional enzymatic activities able to hydrolyze asp dipeptides. h ... | 2001 | 11325937 |
| salmonella-induced cell death is not required for enteritis in calves. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium causes cell death in bovine monocyte-derived and murine macrophages in vitro by a sipb-dependent mechanism. during this process, sipb binds and activates caspase-1, which in turn activates the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta through cleavage. we used bovine ileal ligated loops to address the role of serovar typhimurium-induced cell death in induction of fluid accumulation and inflammation in this diarrhea model. twelve perinatal calves had 6- to ... | 2001 | 11402005 |
| [empyema due to salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis]. | 2001 | 11446917 | |
| role of trehalose in growth at high temperature of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | moderate osmolality can stimulate bacterial growth at temperatures near the upper limit for growth. we investigated the mechanism by which high osmolality enhances the thermotolerance of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, by isolating bacteriophage mudi1734-induced insertion mutations that blocked the growth-stimulatory effect of 0.2 m nacl at 45 degrees c. one of these mutations proved to be in the seqa gene (a regulator of initiation of dna synthesis). because this gene is cotranscribed ... | 2001 | 11344144 |
| identification of legionella pneumophila rcp, a pagp-like gene that confers resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and promotes intracellular infection. | in the course of characterizing a locus involved in heme utilization, we identified a legionella pneumophila gene predicted to encode a protein with homology to the product of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium pagp gene. in salmonella, pagp increases resistance to the bactericidal effects of cationic antimicrobial peptides (camps). mutants with insertions in the l. pneumophila pagp-like gene were generated and showed decreased resistance to different structural classes of camps compare ... | 2001 | 11401964 |
| structure, mechanism and engineering of a nucleotidylyltransferase as a first step toward glycorandomization. | metabolite glycosylation is affected by three classes of enzymes: nucleotidylyltransferases, which activate sugars as nucleotide diphospho-derivatives, intermediate sugar-modifying enzymes and glycosyltransferases, which transfer the final derivatized activated sugars to aglycon substrates. one of the first crystal structures of an enzyme responsible for the first step in this cascade, alpha-d-glucopyranosyl phosphate thymidylyltransferase (ep) from salmonella, in complex with product (udp-glc) ... | 2001 | 11373625 |
| nonenzymatic chloramphenicol resistance mediated by incc plasmid r55 is encoded by a flor gene variant. | the incc plasmid r55, initially described in the 1970s and isolated from klebsiella pneumoniae, confers nonenzymatic chloramphenicol resistance. the gene coding for this resistance was cloned and sequenced and shows 95 to 97% nucleotide identity with the recently reported flor gene from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 and from escherichia coli animal isolates, respectively, conferring cross-resistance to florfenicol. | 2001 | 11451703 |
| [increasing number of salmonella paratyphi b isolates from slaughtered poultry sent in to the national salmonella reference laboratory]. | in the last years the number of isolations of salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar paratyphi b (s. paratyphi b) sent to the national salmonella reference laboratory of germany has increased steadily. most of the isolates originated from fowl or poultry products. the bacteriological, serological and biochemical properties of the isolates were investigated. special emphasis was given to the utilization of d-tartrate which subgroups the serovar. all of them belonged to the d-tartrate pos ... | 2001 | 11413710 |
| in vivo visualization of bacterial colonization, antigen expression, and specific t-cell induction following oral administration of live recombinant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | live attenuated salmonella strains that express a foreign antigen are promising oral vaccine candidates. numerous genetic modifications have been empirically tested, but their effects on immunogenicity are difficult to interpret since important in vivo properties of recombinant salmonella strains such as antigen expression and localization are incompletely characterized and the crucial early inductive events of an immune response to the foreign antigen are not fully understood. here, methods wer ... | 2001 | 11402006 |
| rapid approach to determine rrn arrangement in salmonella serovars. | a pcr method was developed by which to rapidly and accurately determine the rrn arrangement of salmonella enterica serovars. primers were designed to the genomic regions flanking each of the seven rrn operons. pcr analysis using combinations of these primers will distinguish each of the possible arrangements of the rrn skeleton. | 2001 | 11425756 |
| antibiotic resistance in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated in poland from 1998 to 1999. | a total of 326 salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains representing 29 serotypes, isolated from human stool specimens during 1998-1999 in sanitary-epidemiological units in poland were tested for antibiotic susceptibility by a standard disk diffusion method. the antibiotics used were ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, furazolidone, cotrimoxazole, sulphonamides and trimethoprim. in addition, 201 strains bel ... | 2001 | 11463524 |
| salmonella spp. are affected by different levels of water activity in closed microcosms. | controlling water activity (a(w)) can significantly impact the growth of salmonella in poultry litter and manure - a phenomenon that was studied quantitatively using two common serotypes of salmonella. the quantitative effect of changes in levels of a(w) on salmonella populations was determined using inoculated, frosted glass rectangles placed in closed chambers (microcosms). glass rectangles with known concentrations of salmonella enteritidis and s. brandenburg were placed in microcosms maintai ... | 2001 | 11464270 |
| persistence of a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt12 clone in a piggery and in agricultural soil amended with salmonella-contaminated slurry. | prevalence of salmonella enterica on a danish pig farm presenting recurrent infections was investigated. a comparison of the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of fecal isolates from piggeries, waste slurry, and agricultural soil amended with salmonella-contaminated animal waste (slurry) and subclinical isolates from the same farm (collected in 1996 and later) showed identical patterns, indicating long-term persistence of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt12 clone in the herd ... | 2001 | 11375208 |
| delivering dangerous cargoes. | 2001 | 11723464 | |
| prevalence of salmonella serovars in chickens in turkey. | in this study, 151 (18.6%) of 814 ceca obtained during in-line processing of 28 broiler (hybro g, avian, arbor acres, and cobb breeds) and 5 layer (ross, tetra sl, isa brown, and brown nick breeds) flocks in turkey were found to be contaminated with four different salmonella serovars. only salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (salmonella enteritidis) was recovered from layer birds, whereas salmonella enteritidis (81.5%). salmonella agona (7.6%), salmonella thompson (10.1%), an ... | 2001 | 11726169 |
| contribution of flagella and invasion proteins to pathogenesis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in chicks. | to explore the relative contribution that flagella and salmonella invasion proteins make to the virulence of salmonella enteritidis in poultry, 20-day-old chicks were challenged orally and by subcutaneous injection with wild-type strain se-hcd, two non-flagellated mutants (flic::tn10 mutant and flhd::tn10 mutant) and two salmonella invasion protein insertion mutants (sipd and iacp). when injected subcutaneously, wild-type se-hcd was the only strain to cause substantial mortality and morbidity an ... | 2001 | 11731137 |
| salmonella interactions with host cells: type iii secretion at work. | the bacterial pathogen salmonella enterica has evolved a very sophisticated functional interface with its vertebrate hosts. at the center of this interface is a specialized organelle, the type iii secretion system, that directs the translocation of bacterial proteins into the host cell. salmonella spp. encode two such systems that deliver a remarkable array of bacterial proteins capable of modulating a variety of cellular functions, including actin cytoskeleton dynamics, nuclear responses, and e ... | 2001 | 11687484 |
| salmonella enterica serovar pullorum persists in splenic macrophages and in the reproductive tract during persistent, disease-free carriage in chickens. | salmonella enterica serovar pullorum is worldwide a poultry pathogen of considerable economic importance, particularly in those countries with a developing poultry industry. in addition to the characteristic high mortality rates among young chicks, one of the features of salmonella serovar pullorum infection is that it persists for long periods in convalescent chicks in the absence of clinical disease. this can lead to colonization of the reproductive tract of chickens and at sexual maturity can ... | 2001 | 11705970 |
| epitope tagging of chromosomal genes in salmonella. | we have developed a simple and efficient procedure for adding an epitope-encoding tail to one or more genes of interest in the bacterial chromosome. the procedure is a modification of the gene replacement method of datsenko and wanner [datsenko, k. a. & wanner, b. l. (2000) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 97, 6640-6645]. a dna module that begins with the epitope-encoding sequence and includes a selectable marker is amplified by pcr with primers that carry extensions (as short as 36 nt) homologous to ... | 2001 | 11742086 |
| naturally occurring anti-salmonella agents. | polygodial and (2e)-hexenal were found to possess antibacterial activity against salmonella choleraesuis with the minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbc) of 50 microg/ml (0.17 mm) and 100 microg/ml (0.98 mm), respectively. the time kill curve study showed that these two alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes were bactericidal against this food-borne bacterium at any stage of growth. however, they showed different effects on the growth of s. choleraesuis. the combination of polygodial and anethole ex ... | 2001 | 11743758 |
| bacteriophage-bacteriophage interactions in the evolution of pathogenic bacteria. | many bacteriophages carry virulence genes encoding proteins that play a major role in bacterial pathogenesis. recently, investigators have identified bacteriophage-bacteriophage interactions in the bacterial host cell that also contribute significantly to the virulence of bacterial pathogens. the relationships between the bacteriophages pertain to one bacteriophage providing a helper function for another, unrelated bacteriophage in the host cell. accordingly, these interactions can involve the m ... | 2001 | 11303502 |
| enhancement of translation by the epsilon element is independent of the sequence of the 460 region of 16s rrna. | the epsilon enhancer element is a pyrimidine-rich sequence that increases expression of t7 gene 10 and a number of escherichia coli mrnas during initiation of translation and inhibits expression of the recf mrna during elongation. based on its complementarity to the 460 region of 16s rrna, it has been proposed that epsilon exerts its enhancer activity by base pairing to this complementary rrna sequence. we have tested this model of enhancer action by constructing mutations in the 460 region of 1 ... | 2001 | 11266541 |
| the interaction of protein structure, selection, and recombination on the evolution of the type-1 fimbrial major subunit (fima) from escherichia coli. | fimbrial adhesins allow bacteria to interact with and attach to their environment. the bacteria possibly benefit from these interactions, but all external structures including adhesins also allow bacteria to be identified by other organisms. thus adhesion molecules might be under multiple forms of selection including selection to constrain functional interactions or evolve novel epitopes to avoid recognition. we address these issues by studying genetic diversity in the escherichia coli type-1 fi ... | 2001 | 11244580 |
| a synaptojanin-homologous region of salmonella typhimurium sigd is essential for inositol phosphatase activity and akt activation. | the ser-thr kinase akt is activated in epithelial cells by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the bacterial effector sigd, which is translocated into host cells via the specialized type iii secretion system, is essential for akt activation. here, we investigated the inositol phospholipid substrate preferences of sigd. recombinant sigd preferentially dephosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3,5-biphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate over other phosphatidylinositol lipids. phos ... | 2001 | 11311241 |
| chlortetracycline modulates acute phase response of ex vivo perfused pig livers, and inhibits tnf-alpha secretion by isolated kupffer cells. | tetracyclines have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in addition to their antimicrobial action. we investigated the effects of in vivo administration of chlortetracycline (ctc) on ex vivo perfused pig livers. the retention and clearance of salmonella choleraesuis, production of acute phase proteins c-reactive protein (crp), and haptoglobin (hpg) by whole livers were studied. the in vitro modulation by ctc of tnf-alpha secretion by pig kupffer cells (kc) was also studied. pigs were dos ... | 2001 | 11247048 |
| induction of protective immunity against streptococcus mutans colonization after mucosal immunization with attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing an s. mutans adhesin under the control of in vivo-inducible nirb promoter. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strain expressing the saliva-binding region (sbr) of the streptococcus mutans antigen i/ii adhesin, either alone or linked with the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin a2 and b subunits (cta2/b) and under the control of the anaerobically inducible nirb promoter, in inducing a protective immune response against s. mutans infection. balb/c mice were immunized by either the ... | 2001 | 11254570 |
| factors associated with salmonella shedding among equine colic patients at a veterinary teaching hospital. | to evaluate factors potentially associated with fecal salmonella shedding among equine patients hospitalized for colic at a veterinary teaching hospital and to determine the effects of probiotic treatment on fecal salmonella shedding and clinical signs. | 2001 | 11280409 |
| expression of type 1 fimbriae (sef 21) of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in the early colonisation of the rat intestine. | the involvement of type 1 fimbriae in colonisation of the rat gastrointestinal tract in vivo was investigated with salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis la5 and a mutant of la5 denoted eav3 unable to elaborate type 1 fimbriae (sef 21). rats were given a single dose of la5 or eav3 or a 1:1 mixture of both. la5 was found in higher numbers in the stomach and small intestine than eav3 at 6 h after infection with a single strain, but not after 6 days. la5 did not out-compete eav3 when the strains ... | 2001 | 11211228 |
| hydrogen peroxide-forming nadh oxidase belonging to the peroxiredoxin oxidoreductase family: existence and physiological role in bacteria. | amphibacillus xylanus and sporolactobacillus inulinus nadh oxidases belonging to the peroxiredoxin oxidoreductase family show extremely high peroxide reductase activity for hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides in the presence of the small disulfide redox protein, ahpc (peroxiredoxin). in order to investigate the distribution of this enzyme system in bacteria, 15 bacterial strains were selected from typical aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, and anaerobic bacteria. ahpc-linked alkyl hydroper ... | 2001 | 11274101 |
| mice lacking interleukin-2 (il-2)/il-15 receptor beta chain are susceptible to infection with avirulent salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis but mice lacking il-2 are resistant. | interleukin-2 (il-2)/il-15 receptor beta (il-15r beta)(-/-) mice were susceptible to infection with avirulent salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis, whereas il-2(-/-) mice were resistant. a natural killer cell response was not evident for both types of deficient mice. a th1 response was detected in il-2(-/-) but not in il-2/il-15r beta(-/-) mice infected with salmonella, suggesting that il-2/il-15r beta signaling is important for the generation of protective th1 cells. | 2001 | 11160028 |
| characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (tem-52)-producing strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with diverse resistance phenotypes. | two salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains from different clonal origins, both producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (tem-52), were isolated from a patient. this enzyme was encoded on a single plasmid and was found at very low levels in one strain, while being encoded on multiple plasmids and in multiple different ecori fragments in the other strain. | 2001 | 11158154 |
| the crystal structure of dtdp-d-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (rmlb) from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, the second enzyme in the dtdp-l-rhamnose pathway. | l-rhamnose is a 6-deoxyhexose that is found in a variety of different glycoconjugates in the cell walls of pathogenic bacteria. the precursor of l-rhamnose is dtdp-l-rhamnose, which is synthesised from glucose- 1-phosphate and deoxythymidine triphosphate (dttp) via a pathway requiring four enzymes. significantly this pathway does not exist in humans and all four enzymes therefore represent potential therapeutic targets. dtdp-d-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (rmlb; ec 4.2.1.46) is the second enzyme in t ... | 2001 | 11243820 |
| identification of a non-haem catalase in salmonella and its regulation by rpos (sigmas). | we report the identification and functional analysis of katn, a gene encoding a non-haem catalase of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. katn, which is not present in escherichia coli, is located between the ycigfe and ycid e. coli homologues in the salmonella genome. its predicted protein product has a molecular weight of 31 826 da and is similar to the mn-catalases of lactobacillus plantarum and thermus spp. its product, katn, was visualized as a 37 kda protein in e. coli maxicells. a ka ... | 2001 | 11260470 |
| molecular evolution of the gdp-mannose pathway genes (manb and manc) in salmonella enterica. | the evolutionary history of the gdp-mannose pathway in salmonella enterica was studied via sequencing manb and manc genes from 13 representative strains for o antigens containing mannose and/or sugar derivatives of gdp-d-mannose. in addition, colanic acid (ca) manb and manc genes were sequenced from selected strains, as the basis for a detailed comparison. interestingly, including the eight previously characterized o antigen gene clusters, 12 of the 21 s. enterica strains studied in total (each ... | 2001 | 11238967 |
| a flagellar gene fliz regulates the expression of invasion genes and virulence phenotype in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | we previously reported that the fliz gene encodes a positive regulatory factor for the class 2 flagellar operons in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. in this study, we found that the fliz mutation reduced not only the amounts of excreted flagellar proteins, but also those of several secreted invasion proteins encoded by the genes within salmonella pathogenicity island 1. using the lacz gene fused to a subset of virulence-associated genes, we show that this downregulation was caused by a d ... | 2001 | 11162188 |
| rat mannose-binding protein a binds cd14. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) has been known to induce inflammation by interacting with cd14, which serves as a receptor for lps. mannose-binding protein (mbp) belongs to the collectin subgroup of the c-type lectin superfamily, along with surfactant proteins sp-a and sp-d. we have recently demonstrated that sp-a modulates lps-induced cellular responses by interaction with cd14 (h. sano, h. sohma, t. muta, s. nomura, d. r. voelker, and y. kuroki, j. immunol. 163:387-395, 2000) and that sp-d also inter ... | 2001 | 11179331 |
| in vivo genetic analysis indicates that phop-phoq and the salmonella pathogenicity island 2 type iii secretion system contribute independently to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium virulence. | many virulence factors are required for salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to replicate intracellularly and proliferate systemically within mice. in this work, we have carried out genetic analyses in vivo to determine the functional relationship between two major virulence factors necessary for systemic infection by s. enterica serovar typhimurium: the salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (spi-2) type iii secretion system (ttss) and the phop-phoq two-component regulatory system. although previ ... | 2001 | 11705895 |
| salmonella dna adenine methylase mutants elicit protective immune responses to homologous and heterologous serovars in chickens. | salmonella dna adenine methylase (dam) mutants that lack or overproduce dam are highly attenuated for virulence in mice and confer protection against murine typhoid fever. to determine whether vaccines based on dam are efficacious in poultry, a salmonella dam(-) vaccine was evaluated in the protection of chicken broilers against oral challenge with homologous and heterologous salmonella serovars. a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dam(-) vaccine strain was attenuated for virulence in day- ... | 2001 | 11705984 |
| novel salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium protein that is indispensable for virulence and intracellular replication. | upon contact with host cells, the intracellular pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium promotes its uptake, targeting, and survival in intracellular niches. in this process, the bacterium evades the microbicidal effector mechanisms of the macrophage, including oxygen intermediates. this study reports the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of an s. enterica serovar typhimurium mutant that is hypersusceptible to superoxide. the susceptible phenotype is due to a mudj insertion-inac ... | 2001 | 11705915 |
| the ppp-family protein phosphatases prpa and prpb of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium possess distinct biochemical properties. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium requires mn(2+), but only a few mn(2+)-dependent enzymes have been identified from bacteria. to characterize mn(2+)-dependent enzymes from serovar typhimurium, two putative ppp-family protein phosphatase genes were cloned from serovar typhimurium and named prpa and prpb. their dna-derived amino acid sequences showed 61% identity to the corresponding escherichia coli proteins and 41% identity to each other. each phosphatase was expressed in e. coli and puri ... | 2001 | 11717262 |
| increase in salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) in sheep. | 2001 | 11720209 | |
| cellular location and temperature-dependent assembly of inchi1 plasmid r27-encoded trhc-associated conjugative transfer protein complexes. | conjugal transfer of inchi plasmid dna between gram-negative bacteria is temperature sensitive, as mating is optimal between 22 degrees c and 30 degrees c but is inhibited at 37 degrees c. r27, isolated from salmonella enterica serovar typhi, is an inchi1 plasmid of 180 kbp that has been sequenced completely. the gene encoding green fluorescent protein (gfp) was inserted into r27 in frame with trhc. trhc is a mating pair formation (mpf) protein that is essential for plasmid transfer and h-pilus ... | 2001 | 11722736 |
| [phage types, plasmid profiles and chromosomal restriction profiles of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolated in poland in 1999-2000]. | salmonella enteritidis strains are the most often isolated salmonella serovars in poland. in the present study, phage typing, plasmid profile analysis, and pfge have been applied to characterize 140 polish s. enteritidis isolates originated from human cases of salmonellosis and from other sources. the typing phages of ward and colleagues scheme were used to type a total of 140 s. enteritidis strains coming from poland. all 140 strains were typable and six different phage types were observed. a t ... | 2001 | 11757428 |
| introduction: microbiology and immunology: lessons learned from salmonella. | salmonella enterica, a gram-negative bacterium, causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, and is an excellent model to study bacterial pathogenesis and cellular immune responses. with the development of powerful new technologies, there has been a fusion of research on immunology, molecular biology and cellular microbiology of s. enterica infections. this multidisciplinary research will enhance our understanding of the basic mechanisms of bacterial infections and immunity; it also pro ... | 2001 | 11755405 |
| animal models of salmonella infections: enteritis versus typhoid fever. | the most common disease syndromes caused by salmonella serotypes in humans, typhoid fever and enteritis, can be modeled using salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium infections in mice and calves, respectively. this article reviews murine typhoid and bovine enteritis and discusses strengths, limitations and distinctive features of these animal models. | 2001 | 11755423 |
| survival and distribution of cell-free sef 21 of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in the stomach and various compartments of the rat gastrointestinal tract in vivo. | rats were dosed for 6 days with purified sef 21 fimbriae of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis 10360. the levels of fimbriae in gut contents associated with tissues and in the faeces were quantified by direct non-competitive elisa. sef 21 was distributed throughout the gut. the majority was found in the large intestine where it was primarily in the luminal contents. in contrast, a high proportion of sef 21 detected in the ileum, the main site of salmonella colonisation and invasion, was tis ... | 2001 | 11761188 |
| salmonella entry into host cells: the work in concert of type iii secreted effector proteins. | upon contact with intestinal epithelial cells, salmonella enterica serovar spp. inject a set of bacterial proteins into host cells via the bacterial spi-1 type iii secretion system. sope, sope2 and sopb, activate cdc42 and rac to initiate actin cytoskeleton rearrangements. sipa and sipc, two salmonella actin-binding proteins, directly modulate host actin dynamics to facilitate bacterial uptake. sptp promotes the recovery of the actin cytoskeleton rearrangements by antagonizing cdc42 and rac. the ... | 2001 | 11755417 |
| [multidrug resistance to antibacterial drugs of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated in poland in the 1998-1999 period]. | a total of 510 salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains representing 56 serotypes, isolated from human stool specimens during 1998-2000 in sanitary-epidemiological units in poland were tested for their susceptibility by a standard disk diffusion method for: ampicillin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, furazolidone, cotrimoxazole, sulfonamides and trimethoprim. for 201 of the investigated strains, belonging to 5 most ... | 2001 | 11757401 |
| host-salmonella interaction: human trials. | human clinical trials, including experimental challenges of volunteers with pathogenic salmonella enterica serovar typhi, small phase i and ii trials that monitor the immune responses to vaccines, and large-scale controlled field trials that assess vaccine efficacy under conditions of natural challenge, have helped elucidate the interactions between salmonella typhi and human hosts. | 2001 | 11755415 |
| differences in abilities to colonize reproductive organs and to contaminate eggs in intravaginally inoculated hens and in vitro adherences to vaginal explants between salmonella enteritidis and other salmonella serovars. | in experiment 1, mature laying hens were inoculated intravaginally with 10(6) colony-forming units of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis), salmonella typhimurium, salmonella infantis, salmonella hadar, salmonella heidelberg, or salmonella montevideo to compare their abilities to colonize the reproductive organs of chickens and to contaminate eggs. salmonella enteritidis was more frequently recovered (from 11 of 40 eggs, 27.5%) than the other serovars, and especially the inne ... | 2001 | 11785900 |
| environmental contamination and detection of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in laying flocks. | faecal, dust and other environmental samples were collected from the floors, droppings belts, egg-collection systems and other areas of 14 cage-layer flocks, 10 barn egg production flocks and seven free-range flocks, and cultured for salmonella species. the distribution of the organism varied with its prevalence and with the vaccination status of the birds. no one sample type was found to be suitable for identifying all contaminated houses. salmonella was also frequently found on egg-packing equ ... | 2001 | 11787781 |
| reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility in salmonella enterica serotypes in travelers returning from southeast asia. | during 1995 to 1999, we collected 1,210 salmonella isolates; 629 were from finnish travelers returning from abroad. these isolates were tested for susceptibility by determining mics to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and seven additional antimicrobial agents. from 1995 to 1999, the annual proportion of reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility (mic > 0.125 microg/ml) among all travelers' isolates increased from 3.9% to 23.5% (p<0.001). the increasing trend was outstanding among the isolates from south ... | 2001 | 11747728 |
| a multistate outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype baildon associated with domestic raw tomatoes. | salmonella enterica serotype baildon, a rare serotype, was recovered from 86 persons in eight states; 87% of illnesses began during a 3-week period ending january 9, 1999. raw restaurant-prepared tomatoes were implicated in multiple case-control studies. contamination likely occurred on the farm or during packing; more effective disinfection and prevention strategies are needed. | 2001 | 11747740 |
| [salmonella bacteremia]. | non-typhi salmonellae are invasive bacteria, which can, in certain conditions, get into the blood stream, and course bacteriemia or localized infections in different organ systems. incidence of salmonella bacteriemia varied in different studies between 5.2-13.7%. the incidence is higher in patients younger than 1 year and the elderly. among different serotypes, the most invasive are salmonella typhimurium, salmonella choleraesuis and salmonella virchow. the aim of our study was to determine the ... | 2001 | 11905187 |
| global aspects of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria. | antibiotics have been considered to be safe and effective 'magic bullets', with no disadvantages to their widespread use. this has been proven to be a complacent attitude, with ever-increasing prevalences of resistance now evident. the present review covers aspects of the development, mechanisms and genetics of antimicrobial resistance in enteric commensals and pathogens. | 2001 | 11964879 |
| isolation of salmonella enterica serotypes from children with diarrhoea in calcutta, india. | the prevalence of salmonella enterica serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility, and phage typing of serovers were studied. clinical presentations of the infected cases were also examined. the study was carried out during august 1993-september 1996 in and around calcutta, india. in total, 1,025 faecal samples from hospitalized diarrhoeal children were screened for enteropathogens. four s. enterica serotypes were identified in 157 (15.3%) cases as a single pathogen. s. enterica serotype typhimurium ... | 2001 | 11855352 |
| community-acquired bacteremia among hospitalized children in rural central africa. | to describe the epidemiology of community-acquired bacteremia in children admitted to a rural hospital in central africa and to identify useful diagnostic signs or symptoms. | 2001 | 11953214 |
| ordinary and opportunistic enteropathogens associated with diarrhea in senegalese adults in relation to human immunodeficiency virus serostatus. | a survey was conducted in dakar, senegal, to identify major types and prevalences of bacteria, parasites, fungi, and rotaviruses associated with diarrhea in relation to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) serostatus with the goal to provide guidance to physicians for case management. | 2001 | 11953215 |
| acute terminal ileitis mimicking crohn's disease caused by salmonella veneziana. | 2001 | 11953223 | |
| outbreak of salmonella serotype anatum infection associated with unpasteurized orange juice. | in march 1999, a patient was infected with salmonella serotype anatum after having consumed unpasteurized orange juice from a manufacturer in florida. we conducted a cohort study among customers of the manufacturer, performed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) on isolates, and inspected the manufacturing plant. surveillance data identified three additional patients infected with salmonella anatum showing indistinguishable or closely related pfge patterns. three of the four patients had cons ... | 2001 | 11811854 |
| monitoring of chicken houses and an attached egg-processing facility in a laying farm for salmonella contamination between 1994 and 1998. | two chicken houses and an attached egg-processing facility in a laying farm were sampled between 1994 and 1998 to investigate salmonella contamination. each of the houses was environmentally controlled and fitted with egg belts that transported eggs from the houses to the egg-processing facility. four hundred twenty-eight salmonella isolates were obtained from 904 environmental samples collected from the houses. two hundred fifty-two of the 428 (58.9%) isolates yielded five serotypes as follows: ... | 2001 | 11770616 |
| growth-dependent dna breakage and cell death in a gyrase mutant of salmonella. | a class of gyrase mutants of salmonella enterica mimics the properties of bacteria exposed to quinolones. these mutants suffer spontaneous dna breakage during normal growth and depend on recombinational repair for viability. unlike quinolone-treated bacteria, however, they do not show accumulation of cleavable gyrase-dna complexes. in reca or recb mutant backgrounds, the temperature-sensitive (ts) allele gyra208 causes rapid cell death at 43 degrees. here, we isolated "suppressor-of-death" mutat ... | 2001 | 11779784 |
| an unusual serotype of salmonella from a case of meningitis in a neonate. | 2001 | 11770251 | |
| single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism and its applicability for salmonella epidemiology. | amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) is a pcr-based dna fingerprinting technique whereby restriction fragments may be visualized without prior knowledge of nucleotide sequences. in aflp analysis, bacterial genomic dna is digested with a restriction enzyme and ligated to adapter oligonucleotides. a subset of dna fragments are then amplified using primers which contain adapter-defined sequences. selective amplification is achieved by the use of primers containing adapter-defined sequences ... | 2001 | 11822676 |
| nitric oxide metabolites in gnotobiotic piglets orally infected with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | reactive no metabolites play a distinct role in the control of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (st; a facultative intracellular pathogen) in susceptible host. a significant increase of nitrite and/or nitrate plasma levels, 3-nitro-tyrosine expression and pathological changes in mesenteric lymph nodes have been observed in gnotobiotic piglets orally infected for 1 d with a virulent strain of st but not in piglets infected with a rough mutant of st. | 2001 | 11830949 |
| increased resistance of mice to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection by synbiotic administration of bifidobacteria and transgalactosylated oligosaccharides. | the anti-infectious activity of bifidobacteria in combination with transgalactosylated oligosaccharides (tos) against salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt-2 in an opportunistic antibiotic-induced murine infection model in mice was examined. | 2001 | 11851805 |
| evolution of antibiotic resistance of non-typhoidal salmonellae in greece during 1990-97. | susceptibility to 15 antibiotics was determined in 1548 non-typhoidal salmonella strains isolated in greece from l990 to l997. the overall prevalence of resistance of both salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis and salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium increased during the first years of the study. a decrease was observed from 1996, especially for s. enteritidis, which showed the highest overall antibiotic resistance. s. typhimurium was the serotype with the highest multiresistance to antib ... | 2001 | 12631956 |
| immunological characterization of the campylobacter jejuni 72dz/92 cjad gene product and its fusion with b subunit of e. coli lt toxin. | campylobacter jejuni 72dz/92 cjad gene, orthologue of c. jejuni nctc 11168 cj0113, c. jejuni m275 omp18 and c. jejuni atcc 29428 omp18, has been cloned, sequenced and analysed from the viewpoint of its immunological attributes. neither the 5' nor 3' fragment of the cjad encodes protein capable of reacting with anti-campylobacter antibodies. several fusions of the cjad with eltb, which encodes b subunit of the e. coli lt toxin, have been constructed. the hybrid proteins, which differ in respect t ... | 2002 | 12708820 |
| relationship between sample weight, homogeneity, and sensitivity of fecal culture for salmonella enterica. | when testing for organisms such as salmonella enterica in an aliquot taken from a sample of feces, the sensitivity of the procedure is considerably higher if the organisms are randomly distributed in the feces than if the same concentration of organisms is in random clusters. however, dispersing the clusters (by homogenizing the sample before taking the aliquot) increases the sensitivity. the increase depends on the weight of the fecal sample taken. | 2002 | 12680646 |
| type iii secretion of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium translocated effectors and ssefg. | the type iii secretion system (ttss) encoded by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium pathogenicity island 2 (spi2) is employed by salmonella enterica for interaction with host cells during the intracellular phase of pathogenesis. this ttss secretes a set of spi2-encoded proteins in vitro and translocates salmonella serovar typhimurium translocated effectors (ste) that are encoded by genes outside of spi2 into host cells. using an epitope-tagging approach, we analyzed secretion of proteins by ... | 2002 | 11854226 |
| bacterial superoxide dismutase and virulence. | 2002 | 11912905 | |
| characterization of the campylobacter jejuni heptosyltransferase ii gene, waaf, provides genetic evidence that extracellular polysaccharide is lipid a core independent. | campylobacter jejuni produces both lipooligosaccharide (los) and a higher-molecular-weight polysaccharide that is believed to form a capsule. the role of these surface polysaccharides in c. jejuni-mediated enteric disease is unclear; however, epitopes associated with the los are linked to the development of neurological complications. in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium the waaf gene encodes a heptosyltransferase, which catalyzes the transfer of the second l-glycero-d ... | 2002 | 11914340 |
| gene transfer between salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium inside epithelial cells. | virulence and antibiotic resistance genes transfer between bacteria by bacterial conjugation. conjugation also mediates gene transfer from bacteria to eukaryotic organisms, including yeast and human cells. predicting when and where genes transfer by conjugation could enhance our understanding of the risks involved in the release of genetically modified organisms, including those being developed for use as vaccines. we report here that salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium conjugated inside cul ... | 2002 | 11914355 |
| extracellular antigens from salmonella enteritidis induce effective immune response in mice after oral vaccination. | we have studied polyacryl starch microparticles as an adjuvant in oral vaccination in mice. secreted antigens from salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis were administered covalently conjugated to microparticles, or as free antigens, orally or intramuscularly and evaluated for their immunogenicity and ability to elicit protective immune response against an oral challenge with live serovar enteritidis. the highest immunoglobulin m (igm)-plus-igg titers were obtained in the groups immunized with ... | 2002 | 11854230 |
| lipopolysaccharide-specific but not anti-flagellar immunoglobulin a monoclonal antibodies prevent salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis invasion and replication within hep-2 cell monolayers. | the protective potential of immunoglobulin a (iga) monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against o and h antigens of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis to prevent bacterial adhesion to and invasion of hep-2 cells was evaluated. although anti-flagellar iga mabs showed strong agglutinating capacities, they did not protect cell monolayers. in contrast, iga mabs specific for the o:9 epitope of salmonella lipopolysaccharide antigen alone prevented s. enterica serotype enteritidis entry and repl ... | 2002 | 11854252 |
| analyses of the evolutionary distribution of salmonella translocated effectors. | the type iii secretion system encoded by salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (spi2) translocates salmonella translocated effectors (ste) into host cells. ste are encoded by genes outside of spi2. the distribution of ste loci within the salmonellae was investigated. in contrast to the spi2 locus that is conserved within salmonella enterica, ste loci show a variable distribution. in addition to other virulence determinants, the possession of various sets of ste loci may contribute to the different h ... | 2002 | 11854253 |
| the emergence in taiwan of fluoroquinolone resistance in salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis. | salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis is a cause of serious systemic infections. because fluoroquinolones are the drug of choice for the treatment of severe salmonella infections, the emergence and dissemination of fluoroquinolone-resistant s. enterica serotype choleraesuis have clinical consequences. | 2002 | 11832529 |
| pdua is a shell protein of polyhedral organelles involved in coenzyme b(12)-dependent degradation of 1,2-propanediol in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2. | salmonella enterica forms polyhedral organelles involved in coenzyme b(12)-dependent 1,2-propanediol degradation. these organelles are thought to consist of a proteinaceous shell that encases coenzyme b(12)-dependent diol dehydratase and perhaps other enzymes involved in 1,2-propanediol degradation. the function of these organelles is unknown, and no detailed studies of their structure have been reported. genes needed for organelle formation and for 1,2-propanediol degradation are located at the ... | 2002 | 11844753 |
| dynamics of immune cell infiltration in the caecal lamina propria of chickens after neonatal infection with a salmonella enteritidis strain. | dynamics of leucocyte infiltration and bacterial invasion in the caecal wall were studied after oral infection of 2-day-old chicks with salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis. bacteria invaded the lamina propria of the caecal wall from 12h post-challenge onwards. bacteriological examination of internal organs (liver, spleen) showed a peak in salmonella bacteria at 3days post-infection, after which the number of bacteria decreased. immunohistochemistry revealed macrophages and t-lymphocytes invadin ... | 2002 | 11888650 |
| an outbreak of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium, dt104l linked to dried anchovy in singapore. | multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium dt104l was first reported in singapore from mid-july to mid-october 2000. salmonella strains isolated from clinical laboratories were submitted to a reference laboratory for serotyping, phage-typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) using xbai restriction endonuclease. an epidemiological investigation was conducted to determine the source of infection and mode of transmission using a structured questionnaire. ... | 2002 | 11895083 |
| transcription of the ssrab regulon is repressed by alkaline ph and is independent of phopq and magnesium concentration. | the salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (spi-2) type iii secretion system is expressed by intracellular bacteria and translocates effector proteins across the vacuolar membrane. signals sensed by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in the intracellular compartment activate spi-2 gene expression through the two-component regulatory system ssrab. the effects of environmental and genetic signals on expression of the ssrab-regulated gene ssph2 were examined. ssrab-dependent activation of ssph2 was ... | 2002 | 11844786 |
| occurrence of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt104a in retail ground beef. | surveillance data of cattle and human isolates of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 indicate that this pathogen emerged worldwide in the 1980s, particularly in cattle. studies were conducted to determine the prevalence of salmonella typhimurium dt104 in ground beef. samples were also tested for the presence of generic escherichia coli. a total of 404 fresh ground beef samples obtained at retail stores from new york, san francisco, philadelphia, denver, atlanta, houston, and chicago w ... | 2002 | 11848574 |
| the prevalence and dynamics of salmonella enterica iiib 61:k:1,5,(7) in sheep flocks in norway. | fifty randomly selected sheep flocks from a region in central norway were sampled in december 1999 to determine the flock prevalence of salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) (s. iiib 61:k:1,5,(7)). from each flock, 15-41 rectal swabs were collected from individual sheep of different age groups and examined for s. iiib 61:k:1,5,(7). positive flocks were visited again in january-april and each time, rectal swabs from the same animals were collected and examined for this sp ... | 2002 | 11849721 |
| prevalence of a salmonella subspecies diarizonae in norwegian sheep herds. | we studied the prevalence of salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) (s. iiib 61:k:1,5,(7)) in 133 norwegian sheep herds from throughout the country. we used a nested case-control study to identify major risk factors. two pooled samples (one from lambs and one from adult sheep) were collected from each herd from (10 different) abattoirs. the regional prevalence varied from 0 to 45%, and was more prevalent in adults than in lambs. sixteen of the 133 herds tested positive to ... | 2002 | 11849722 |
| laboratory-scale preparation of soft cheese artificially contaminated with low levels of escherichia coli o157, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium, enteritidis, and dublin. | the production of cheese with incurred low levels of pathogenic microorganisms stressed by the production process was the aim of the study. a standard protocol for the preparation of artificially contaminated soft cheese on a laboratory scale was developed. milk for cheese preparation was artificially contaminated with pathogenic target microorganisms at low levels, between 1 and 10 cfu/ml. two strains of escherichia coli oi157:h7, two strains of listeria monocytogenes, and three salmonella spp. ... | 2002 | 11899950 |
| sero types, phage types and antibiotic susceptibilities of salmonella strains isolated from horses in the netherlands from 1993 to 2000. | we studied 232 salmonella strains from horses with salmonellosis in the netherlands, isolated in the period from 1993 to 2000 in order to provide insight in the dynamics of sero-, phage types (pt) and antibiotic susceptibilities over time. the strains were tested for susceptibility to seven antimicrobial agents using the agar diffusion method. in addition, the isolates were sero typed and salmonella enterica subspecies enterica typhimurium and enteritidis strains were further phage typed. s. typ ... | 2002 | 11900955 |
| competitive exclusion of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis by lactobacillus crispatus and clostridium lactatifermentans in a sequencing fed-batch culture. | competitive exclusion of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis by a mixed culture of lactobacillus crispatus and clostridium lactatifermentans was studied in a sequencing fed-batch reactor mimicking the cecal ecophysiology of broiler chickens. growth of serovar enteritidis was inhibited by a mixed culture of l. crispatus and c. lactatifermentans at ph 5.8 but not by a monoculture of l. crispatus at the same ph. moreover, experiments performed at ph 7.0 did not show growth inhibition of serovar ... | 2002 | 11823190 |
| a quantitative model for neutrophil response and delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in rats orally inoculated with various doses of salmonella enteritidis. | our aim was to investigate the quantitative relationship between inoculation doses and physiological responses to infection by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. rats were orally inoculated with 10-10(9) c.f.u. of s. enteritidis and monitored for 6 days. neutrophil and delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) responses were assessed, and the spleens were analyzed for the pathogen. the experimental data were analyzed by a mathematical model for the host response to salmonella infection, which is ... | 2002 | 11809730 |