Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| differential susceptibility of aedes aegypti to infection by the american and southeast asian genotypes of dengue type 2 virus. | outbreaks of dengue hemorrhagic fever have coincided with the introduction of the southeast (se) asian genotype of dengue type 2 virus in the western hemisphere. this introduced genotype appears to be rapidly displacing the indigenous, american genotype of dengue 2 virus throughout the region. these field observations raise the possibility that the se asian genotype of dengue 2 is better adapted for vector transmission than its american counterpart. to evaluate this hypothesis, we compared the a ... | 2001 | 12680353 |
| in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against the endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis. | arthropod-transmitted (filarial) nematodes are important causes of disease in humans in tropical countries, yet no safe drug appropriate for mass delivery kills the adult worms. however, most filarial nematodes contain rickettsia-like bacteria of the genus wolbachia, and related bacteria also occur in insects. there is increasing evidence that these bacteria have significant functions in the biology of filarial nematodes. they are thus important targets in the search for antifilarial drugs and e ... | 2001 | 11328780 |
| indoor thermal fogging application of pesguard fg 161, a mixture of d-tetramethrin and cyphenothrin, using portable sprayer against vector mosquitoes in the tropical environment. | indoor bioefficacy of the thermal fogging application of pesguard fg 161, a formulation containing both knockdown and killing agents (active ingredient [ai]: d-tetramethrin 4% [w/w] and cyphenothrin 12% [w/w]) was compared with resigen5 (ai: s-bioallethrin 0.8% [w/w], permethrin 125/75] 18.7% [w/w], and piperonyl butoxide 16.8% [w/w]), another pyrethroid formulation, as larvicides and adulticides against aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, anopheles sinensis, and culex quinquefasciatus using a port ... | 2001 | 11345415 |
| mobility of the piggybac transposon in embryos of the vectors of dengue fever (aedes albopictus) and la crosse encephalitis (ae. triseriatus). | the re-emergence of arboviral diseases such as dengue fever and la crosse encephalitis is primarily due to the failure of insect vector control strategies. the development of a procedure capable of producing stable germ-line transformants in the insect vectors of these diseases would bridge the gap between gene expression systems being developed to curb vector transmission and the identification of important genes and regulatory sequences and their reintroduction back into the insect genome in t ... | 2001 | 11370874 |
| wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in single- and superinfected aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | maternally inherited bacteria of the genus volbachia can cause cytoplasmic incompatibility resulting in the developmental arrest of early embryos. previous studies have shown that both single- and superinfections of wolbachia naturally occur in populations of aedes albopictus (skuse). here, we report crossing experiments using three infection types occurring in ae. albopictus: uninfected, single-infected, and superinfected individuals. crosses were monitored over the lifetime of adults to detect ... | 2001 | 11372962 |
| potential sources of the 1995 venezuelan equine encephalitis subtype ic epidemic. | venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (veev) belonging to subtype ic have caused three (1962-1964, 1992-1993 and 1995) major equine epizootics and epidemics. previous sequence analyses of a portion of the envelope glycoprotein gene demonstrated a high degree of conservation among isolates from the 1962-1964 and the 1995 outbreaks, as well as a 1983 interepizootic mosquito isolate from panaquire, venezuela. however, unlike subtype iab veev that were used to prepare inactivated vaccines that prob ... | 2001 | 11390583 |
| essential role of cyclization sequences in flavivirus rna replication. | a possible role in rna replication for interactions between conserved complementary (cyclization) sequences in the 5'- and 3'-terminal regions of flavivirus rna was previously suggested but never tested in vivo. using the m-fold program for rna secondary-structure predictions, we examined for the first time the base-pairing interactions between the covalently linked 5' genomic region (first ~160 nucleotides) and the 3' untranslated region (last ~115 nucleotides) for a range of mosquito-borne fla ... | 2001 | 11413342 |
| attenuation of murray valley encephalitis virus by site-directed mutagenesis of the hinge and putative receptor-binding regions of the envelope protein. | molecular determinants of virulence in flaviviruses cluster in two regions on the three-dimensional structure of the envelope (e) protein; the base of domain ii, believed to serve as a hinge during ph-dependent conformational change in the endosome, and the lateral face of domain iii, which contains an integrin-binding motif arg-gly-asp (rgd) in mosquito-borne flaviviruses and is believed to form the receptor-binding site of the protein. in an effort to better understand the nature of attenuatio ... | 2001 | 11462041 |
| monoclonal antibodies that bind to domain iii of dengue virus e glycoprotein are the most efficient blockers of virus adsorption to vero cells. | the specific mechanisms by which antibodies neutralize flavivirus infectivity are not completely understood. to study these mechanisms in more detail, we analyzed the ability of a well-defined set of anti-dengue (den) virus e-glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to block virus adsorption to vero cells. in contrast to previous studies, the binding sites of these mabs were localized to one of three structural domains (i, ii, and iii) in the e glycoprotein. the results indicate that m ... | 2001 | 11462053 |
| detection of dengue viral rna using a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification assay. | faster techniques are needed for the early diagnosis of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever during the acute viremic phase of infection. an isothermal nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) assay was optimized to amplify viral rna of all four dengue virus serotypes by a set of universal primers and to type the amplified products by serotype-specific capture probes. the nasba assay involved the use of silica to extract viral nucleic acid, which was amplified without thermocycling ... | 2001 | 11473994 |
| detection of dengue viruses in field caught male aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) in singapore by type-specific pcr. | field male aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) adults caught from fixed monitoring stations weekly for 1 yr were screened for dengue viruses (den-1, den-2, den-3, and den-4). the assay was carried out using a single-step reverse transcription (or transcriptase)-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) (rt-pcr) followed by a semi-nested pcr using an upstream consensus primer and four type-specific primers within the nonstructural protein three gene (ns3) of dengue viruses. the diagnostic fragm ... | 2001 | 11476326 |
| induction of oogenesis in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) by infusion of the hemocoel with amino acids. | as done previously with adult females of culex pipiens pallens coquillett, a mixture of 17 amino acids was infused into the hemocoel of females of seven anautogenous and one autogenous mosquito species belonging to three genera. in culex. p. quinquefasciatus say, cx. tritaeniorhynchus giles, cx. kyotoensis yamaguti & lacasse, aedes albopictus (skuse), armigeres subalbatus (coquillett), and cx. p. molestus forskal, which previously had laid autogenously matured first batch of eggs, ovarian develo ... | 2001 | 11476338 |
| ochlerotatus j. japonicus in frederick county, maryland: discovery, distribution, and vector competence for west nile virus. | ochlerotatus japonicus japonicus is reported for the 1st time south of the mason-dixon line, in frederick county, maryland. fifty-seven oviposition trap samples were collected throughout the county between june 30 and august 24, 2000. from 971 larvae reared from the oviposition traps, 5 species were identified: ochlerotatus triseriatus (45%), oc. j. japonicus (43%), aedes albopictus (7%), culex pipiens (4%), and toxorynchites ritulus septentrionalis (<1%). ochlerotatus j. japonicus was found wid ... | 2001 | 11480822 |
| identification of a putative coreceptor on vero cells that participates in dengue 4 virus infection. | dengue virus infects target cells by attaching to a cell surface receptor through the envelope (e) glycoprotein, located on the surface of the viral membrane. on vero and bhk cells, heparan sulfate (hs) moieties of proteoglycans are the receptors for dengue virus; however, additional proteins have also been described as putative dengue virus receptors on c6/36, hl60, and bm cells. hs can also act as a receptor for other types of viruses or as an attachment molecule for viruses that require addit ... | 2001 | 11483725 |
| tick-borne langat/mosquito-borne dengue flavivirus chimera, a candidate live attenuated vaccine for protection against disease caused by members of the tick-borne encephalitis virus complex: evaluation in rhesus monkeys and in mosquitoes. | langat virus (lgt), strain tp21, a naturally avirulent tick-borne flavivirus, was used to construct a chimeric candidate virus vaccine which contained lgt genes for premembrane (prem) and envelope (e) glycoprotein and all other sequences derived from dengue type 4 virus (den4). the live virus vaccine was developed to provide resistance to the highly virulent, closely related tick-borne flaviviruses that share protective e epitopes among themselves and with lgt. toward that end the chimera, initi ... | 2001 | 11483771 |
| in vivo generation and characterization of a soluble form of the semliki forest virus fusion protein. | during infection of host cells, a number of enveloped animal viruses are known to produce soluble forms of viral membrane glycoproteins lacking the transmembrane domain. the roles of such soluble glycoproteins in viral life cycles are incompletely understood, but in several cases they are believed to modulate host immune response and viral pathogenesis. semliki forest virus (sfv) is an enveloped alphavirus that infects cells through low-ph-dependent fusion and buds from the plasma membrane. fusi ... | 2001 | 11483778 |
| [aedes albopictus in bromeliads of anthropic environment in são paulo state, brazil]. | aedes albopictus populations can breed in several kinds of containers, and its presence has also been reported in bromeliaceae. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological importance of the bromeliaceae plants as potential breeding sites of aedes albopictus and to document the associated culicidae entomofauna found in this micro-habitat. | 2001 | 11486146 |
| existence of hepatitis c virus in culex quinquefasciatus after ingestion of infected blood: experimental approach to evaluating transmission by mosquitoes. | we used pcr to detect hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna among supernatants of ground culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes that (i) had been fed hcv-positive blood, (ii) had been intrathoracically inoculated with hcv-positive blood, or (iii) were from homes of hepatitis c patients. hcv rna was detectable under all three conditions, but it did not replicate in mosquitoes and was not detectably transmitted during feeding. | 2001 | 11526176 |
| amino acid and phenotypic changes in dengue 2 virus associated with escape from neutralisation by igm antibody. | two dengue 2-specific igm monoclonal antibodies (mab) recognised spatially unrelated epitopes on the envelope (e) protein of dengue 2 virus, which were also recognised by serum from 20 and 50%, respectively, of patients with a primary dengue 2 infection. dengue 2 virus populations escaping neutralisation by mab 6b2 (representing the majority population of dengue 2-specific igm mabs ) had a deduced amino acid change (g-s) in the pre-membrane (prm) protein at position 15 and a second in the e prot ... | 2001 | 11536239 |
| possibility of false-positive detection for sporozoites in mosquitos (diptera: culicidae) by nested polymerase chain reaction using plasmodium yoelii genomic dna. | anopheles stephensi liston and an. saperoi bohart and ingram infected with the rodent malaria parasite plasmodium yoelii nigeriense. they were examined 12 and 19 days after blood feeding for sporozoites in head with anterior thorax (ht) and oocysts in abdomen with posterior thorax (ab) by light microscopy and by the nested polymerase chain reaction (nested pcr-based on the amplification of the sequences of the small subunit ribosomal rna gene). the detection rate of parasite dna by nested pcr in ... | 2001 | 11556576 |
| interaction of classical swine fever virus with membrane-associated heparan sulfate: role for virus replication in vivo and virulence. | passage of native classical swine fever virus (csfv) in cultured swine kidney cells (sk6 cells) selects virus variants that attach to the surface of cells by interaction with membrane-associated heparan sulfate (hs). a ser-to-arg change in the c terminus of envelope glycoprotein e(rns) (amino acid 476 in the open reading frame of csfv) is responsible for selection of these hs-binding virus variants (m. m. hulst, h. g. p. van gennip, and r. j. m. moormann, j. virol. 74:9553-9561, 2000). in this i ... | 2001 | 11559790 |
| mutagenesis of the dengue virus type 2 ns3 protein within and outside helicase motifs: effects on enzyme activity and virus replication. | the protein ns3 of dengue virus type 2 (den-2) is the second largest nonstructural protein specified by the virus and is known to possess multiple enzymatic activities, including a serine proteinase located in the n-terminal region and an ntpase-helicase in the remaining 70% of the protein. the latter region has seven conserved helicase motifs found in all members of the family flaviviridae. den-2 ns3 lacking the proteinase region was synthesized as a fusion protein with glutathione s-transferas ... | 2001 | 11559795 |
| chemical mutagenesis of dengue virus type 4 yields mutant viruses which are temperature sensitive in vero cells or human liver cells and attenuated in mice. | a recombinant live attenuated dengue virus type 4 (den4) vaccine candidate, 2adelta30, was found previously to be generally well tolerated in humans, but a rash and an elevation of liver enzymes in the serum occurred in some vaccinees. 2adelta30, a non-temperature-sensitive (non-ts) virus, contains a 30-nucleotide deletion (delta30) in the 3' untranslated region (utr) of the viral genome. in the present study, chemical mutagenesis of den4 was utilized to generate attenuating mutations which may ... | 2001 | 11559806 |
| evolutionary relationships among parvoviruses: virus-host coevolution among autonomous primate parvoviruses and links between adeno-associated and avian parvoviruses. | the current classification of parvoviruses is based on virus host range and helper virus dependence, while little data on evolutionary relationships among viruses are available. we identified and analyzed 472 sequences of parvoviruses, among which there were (virtually) full-length genomes of all 41 viruses currently recognized as individual species within the family parvoviridae. our phylogenetic analysis of full-length genomes as well as open reading frames distinguished three evolutionary gro ... | 2001 | 11222696 |
| expression of human mxa protein in mosquito cells interferes with lacrosse virus replication. | human mxa protein inhibits lacrosse virus (lac virus; family bunyaviridae) replication in vertebrate cells and mxa-transgenic mice. lac virus is transmitted to humans by aedes triseriatus mosquitoes. in this report, we have shown that transfected mosquito cells expressing the human mxa cdna are resistant to lac virus but permissive for sindbis virus (family togaviridae) infection. | 2001 | 11222725 |
| identification of b-cell epitope of dengue virus type 1 and its application in diagnosis of patients. | using a serotype-specific monoclonal antibody (mab) of dengue virus type 1 (den-1), 15f3-1, we identified the b-cell epitope of den-1 from a random peptide library displayed on phage. fourteen immunopositive phage clones that bound specifically to mab 15f3-1 were selected. these phage-borne peptides had a consensus motif of hxyawb (a = s/t, b = k/h/r) that mimicked the sequence hkyswk, which corresponded to amino acid residues 111 to 116 of the nonstructural protein 1 (ns1) of den-1. among the f ... | 2001 | 11230414 |
| determination of wolbachia genome size by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | genome sizes of six different wolbachia strains from insect and nematode hosts have been determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of purified dna both before and after digestion with rare-cutting restriction endonucleases. enzymes smai, apai, asci, and fsei cleaved the studied wolbachia strains at a small number of sites and were used for the determination of the genome sizes of wmelpop, wmel, and wmelcs (each 1.36 mb), wri (1.66 mb), wbma (1.1 mb), and wdim (0.95 mb). the wolbachia genome ... | 2001 | 11244060 |
| sequence requirements for sindbis virus subgenomic mrna promoter function in cultured cells. | the sindbis virus minimal subgenomic mrna promoter (spanning positions -19 to +5 relative to the subgenomic mrna start site) is approximately three- to sixfold less active than the fully active -98 to +14 promoter region. we identified two elements flanking the -19 to +5 region which increase its transcription to levels comparable to the -98 to +14 region. these elements span positions -40 to -20 and +6 to +14 and act synergistically to enhance transcription. nine different virus libraries were ... | 2001 | 11264340 |
| l-lactic acid as a mosquito (diptera: culicidae) repellent on human and mouse skin. | the attraction of aedes albopictus (skuse) to hands and forearms of human subjects treated with several concentrations of l-la solution were studied in a test chamber containing proboscis-amputated mosquitoes. fewer mosquitoes alighted on l-la treated human skin than on water-treated control skin. similar results were found using normal mosquitoes following l-la and water treatment of mouse skin. the relative repellent effects of l-la varied with concentration. the minimum repellent concentratio ... | 2001 | 11268691 |
| west nile virus recombinant dna vaccine protects mouse and horse from virus challenge and expresses in vitro a noninfectious recombinant antigen that can be used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | introduction of west nile (wn) virus into the united states in 1999 created major human and animal health concerns. currently, no human or veterinary vaccine is available to prevent wn viral infection, and mosquito control is the only practical strategy to combat the spread of disease. starting with a previously designed eukaryotic expression vector, we constructed a recombinant plasmid (pcbwn) that expressed the wn virus prm and e proteins. a single intramuscular injection of pcbwn dna induced ... | 2001 | 11287553 |
| a comparison of techniques for detecting invertebrate iridescent virus 6. | the aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and precision of various methods for the detection and quantification of invertebrate iridescent virus 6 (iiv-6) (iridoviridae) isolated from a the stem-boring moth chilo suppressalis, and to apply these techniques to the detection of covert infections in the wax moth, galleria mellonella. the relationship between the virus concentration and absorbance at 260 nm was linear over the range of 1.6 x 10(9)-5.6 x 10(10) particles/ml. tcid(50) assay ... | 2001 | 11576637 |
| ross river virus transmission, infection, and disease: a cross-disciplinary review. | ross river virus (rrv) is a fascinating, important arbovirus that is endemic and enzootic in australia and papua new guinea and was epidemic in the south pacific in 1979 and 1980. infection with rrv may cause disease in humans, typically presenting as peripheral polyarthralgia or arthritis, sometimes with fever and rash. rrv disease notifications in australia average 5,000 per year. the first well-described outbreak occurred in 1928. during world war ii there were more outbreaks, and the name ep ... | 2001 | 11585790 |
| [frequency of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus larvae and pupae in traps, brazil]. | to evaluate the monthly frequency of larvae and pupae of aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti and other mosquitoe species in tires, and the influence of environmental factors on that. | 2001 | 11600929 |
| development and evaluation of serotype- and group-specific fluorogenic reverse transcriptase pcr (taqman) assays for dengue virus. | five fluorogenic probe hydrolysis (taqman) reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) assays were developed for serotypes 1 to 4 and group-specific detection of dengue virus. serotype- and group-specific oligonucleotide primers and fluorogenic probes were designed against conserved regions of the dengue virus genome. the rt-pcr assay is a rapid single-tube method consisting of a 30-min rt step linked to a 45-cycle pcr at 95 and 60 degrees c that generates a fluorogenic signal in positive samples. assays ... | 2001 | 11682539 |
| complete genome sequence of the shrimp white spot bacilliform virus. | we report the first complete genome sequence of a marine invertebrate virus. white spot bacilliform virus (wsbv; or white spot syndrome virus) is a major shrimp pathogen with a high mortality rate and a wide host range. its double-stranded circular dna genome of 305,107 bp contains 181 open reading frames (orfs). nine homologous regions containing 47 repeated minifragments that include direct repeats, atypical inverted repeat sequences, and imperfect palindromes were identified. this is the larg ... | 2001 | 11689662 |
| use of a computer model to identify potential hotspots for dengue fever in new zealand. | to describe the areas of potential dengue fever risk in new zealand for present climatic conditions and projected scenarios of climate change. | 2001 | 11700749 |
| recovery of infectious pariacoto virus from cdna clones and identification of susceptible cell lines. | pariacoto virus (pav) is a nodavirus that was recently isolated in peru from the southern armyworm, spodoptera eridania. virus particles are non enveloped and about 30 nm in diameter and have t=3 icosahedral symmetry. the 3.0-a crystal structure shows that about 35% of the genomic rna is icosahedrally ordered, with the rna forming a dodecahedral cage of 25-nucleotide (nt) duplexes that underlie the inner surface of the capsid. the pav genome comprises two single-stranded, positive-sense rnas: rn ... | 2001 | 11711613 |
| population genetic structure and competence as a vector for dengue type 2 virus of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus from madagascar. | starch gel electrophoresis was used to assess the polymorphism of 7 isoenzymes in single mosquitoes (field-collected f0 or f1 generation) for aedes albopictus (8 strains) from northern madagascar. mosquitoes of the f2 generation (3 strains of aedes aegypti and 10 strains of ae. albopictus) were tested for oral susceptibility to dengue type 2 virus. aedes aegypti was less susceptible to viral infection than ae. albopictus. the genetic differentiation was less high between ae. albopictus populatio ... | 2001 | 11716103 |
| a study of dengue imported to kuwait during 1997-1999. | this study was carried out on sera from 210 patients in kuwait in 1997-1999. all of the patients were suffering from febrile illness and had recently visited dengue- (den) endemic areas. the sera were screened for den virus by inoculation into cultures of the aedes albopictus cell clone c6/36 (virus isolation) and by igm capture elisa (detection of den virus-specific igm antibodies). in the cell cultures, den virus could not be isolated from any of the patients' sera. however, sera from 19 patie ... | 2001 | 11719982 |
| kinetics of dengue virus-specific serum immunoglobulin classes and subclasses correlate with clinical outcome of infection. | the kinetics of dengue virus (den)-specific serum immunoglobulin classes (immunoglobulin m [igm] and iga) and subclasses (igg1 to igg4) were studied in patients suffering from dengue fever (df), dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf), and dengue shock syndrome (dss). serum samples from non-den febrile patients were included as controls. igm, igg1, and igg3 serum antibodies were the predominant immunoglobulins throughout the course of illness in all three patient groups. in contrast, iga antibodies were ... | 2001 | 11724841 |
| vector competence of north american mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) for west nile virus. | we evaluated the potential for several north american mosquito species to transmit the newly introduced west nile (wn) virus. mosquitoes collected in the new york city metropolitan area during the recent wn virus outbreak, at the assateague island wildlife refuge, va, or from established colonies were allowed to feed on chickens infected with wn virus isolated from a crow that died during the 1999 outbreak. these mosquitoes were tested approximately 2 wk later to determine infection, disseminati ... | 2001 | 11296813 |
| susceptibility of mosquitoes in central taiwan to natural infections of dirofilaria immitis. | from october 1997 to september 1998, 3085 culex quinquefasciatus (say) (diptera: culicidae), 584 cx. tritaeniorhynchus (giles) (diptera: culicidae), 392 cx. annulus (theobald) (diptera: culicidae), 374 aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) and 102 armigeres subalbatus (coquillet) (diptera: culicidae) were collected and examined for dirofilaria immitis (leidy) (spirurida: filariidae) infection. however, only cx. quinquefasciatus and ae. albopictus were infected, with a prevalence of 4.28% ... | 2001 | 11297103 |
| aedes albopictus in allende city, nuevo léon, mexico. | nuevo león was the only 1 of the 3 northeastern states of mexico where aedes albopictus previously had not been shown to occur. however, of 195 samples of larval aedes received during 1997 from the state health laboratory for identification from the 7th sanitary district, allende city, nuevo león, 53 (27.2%) were identified as ae. albopictus. | 2001 | 11804464 |
| [aedes albopictus in italy: an underestimated health problem]. | since 1990, ae. albopictus has spread in 9 regions and 30 provinces of the country. this species was introduced in italy in shipments of scrap tires form the usa. in italy, ae. albopictus is the major biting pest throughout much of its range and, although there is no evidence that this mosquito is the vector of human disease in the country, the species might be involved in the transmission of some arboviruses which have been reported in the mediterranean basin. aim of this paper is to provide an ... | 2001 | 11758282 |
| [aedes albopictus in rome: monitoring in the 3-year period of 1998-2000]. | aedes albopictus was first reported in italy in 1990 and in the urban area of rome in the late summer 1997. ae. albopictus is a daytime, outdoor mosquito, that bite preferably on man. in rome (42 degrees south of latitude), larvae are found from march to november, but some adult females are active until december. the peak of adult abundance, and then of the annoyance caused to man, occurs in late august-september. the presence of the species in rome represents the first example in italy of exten ... | 2001 | 11758283 |
| a novel technique for removing wolbachia infections from aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | intracellular bacteria of the genus wolbachia often behave as reproductive parasites by manipulating host reproduction to enhance the vertical transmission of infections. wolbachia infections in aedes albopictus (skuse) cause a reproductive manipulation known as cytoplasmic incompatibility, which can reduce brood hatch. because field populations of ae. albopictus are naturally infected, studies of wolbachia-induced effects on ae. albopictus reproduction and fitness require that wolbachia be arti ... | 2001 | 11761383 |
| potential north american vectors of west nile virus. | the outbreak of disease in the new york area in 1999 due to west nile (wn) virus was the first evidence of the occurrence of this virus in the americas. to determine potential vectors, more than 15 mosquito species (including culex pipiens, cx. nigripalpus, cx. quinquefasciatus, cx. salinarius, aedes albopictus, ae. vexans, ochlerotatus japonicus, oc. sollicitans, oc. taeniorhynchus, and oc. triseriatus) from the eastern united states were evaluated for their ability to serve as vectors for the ... | 2001 | 11797788 |
| bunyamwera bunyavirus nonstructural protein nss is a nonessential gene product that contributes to viral pathogenesis. | bunyamwera virus (family bunyaviridae, genus bunyavirus) contains a tripartite negative-sense rna genome. the smallest rna segment, s, encodes the nucleocapsid protein n and a nonstructural protein, nss, in overlapping reading frames. we have generated a mutant virus lacking nss, called bundelnss, by reverse genetics. compared with the wild-type (wt) virus, bundelnss exhibited a smaller plaque size and generated titers of virus approximately 1 log lower. in mammalian cells, the mutant expressed ... | 2001 | 11209062 |
| population structure of aedes albopictus from la réunion island (indian ocean) with respect to susceptibility to a dengue virus. | ten f1 aedes albopictus samples collected from réunion island in the indian ocean were tested for oral susceptibility to dengue 2 virus and 20 were analysed for genetic polymorphism by starch gel electrophoresis. data from infection rates defined two distinct geographical areas: east coast vs. west coast. genetic differentiation was found to be dependent on ecological factors and the biological characteristics of ae. albopictus. these results have implications for the vector ecology and pattern ... | 2001 | 11737274 |
| first isolation of la crosse virus from naturally infected aedes albopictus. | la crosse (lac) virus, a california serogroup bunyavirus, is the leading cause of pediatric arboviral encephalitis in the united states and an emerging disease in tennessee, west virginia, and north carolina. human cases of lac encephalitis in tennessee and north carolina have increased above endemic levels during 1997 to 1999 and may represent an expansion of a new southeastern endemic focus. this report describes the isolation of lac virus from the exotic mosquito aedes albopictus. the discove ... | 2001 | 11747692 |
| aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse), a potential new dengue vector in southern cameroon. | aedes albopictus, a mosquito vector of dengue virus, has been recorded for the first time in cameroon. entomologic surveys in 2000 demonstrated that it is widespread in southern cameroon, colonizing a wide variety of breeding sites and biting humans in every district surveyed. the presence of this vector increases the risk for emergence of dengue in cameroon. | 2001 | 11747746 |
| differential predation of the planarian dugesia tigrina on two mosquito species under laboratory conditions. | two experiments were performed on the predation of the planarian dugesia tigrina (girard) upon 2 mosquito prey species, aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus. bioassays were carried out in sectioned tires with 2 liters of water. in the 1st experiment, predation was evaluated using 4, 8, and 12 mature planarians against 40 2nd-stage larvae of each mosquito species alone. in the 2nd experiment, the same 3 predator densities were used with a pool composed of 20 2nd-stage larvae of each mosqui ... | 2001 | 11345426 |
| [cloning and sequencing of cytochrome c oxidase ii(coii) gene of three species of mosquitoes]. | to determine and compare the complete sequence of coii gene from anopheles sinensis, aedes albopictus and culex quinquefasciatus and to identify the molecular homology among these mosquitoes. | 2001 | 12571993 |
| record of aedes albopictus in nebraska with notes on its biology. | adult aedes albopictus were collected in nebraska on august 10, 1992, at a scrap tire pile in douglas county. subsequent collections in 1992 revealed the presence of adult ae. albopictus at a tire storage yard in west point, ne. during 1995 and 1996, an ecological study of ae. albopictus at the west point site was conducted. aedes albopictus populations were determined to be able to survive winter conditions in this region. | 2001 | 11804466 |
| new nebraska mosquito distribution records. | larval collections in nebraska during 2000 established 2 new state distribution records for ochlerotatus epactius and anopheles perplexens and confirmed the presence of culiseta melanura, bringing the total number of mosquito species reported from nebraska to 50. fifteen new county records for 10 species are noted, including the 1st report of aedes albopictus from lancaster county, marking its westernmost collection in nebraska to date. | 2001 | 11804465 |
| laboratory and field evaluation of insect repellents as larvicides against the mosquitoes aedes albopictus and anopheles albimanus. | acute toxicity and persistence of three insect repellents, deet and two piperidines (ai3-35765 and ai3-37220), were evaluated against mosquito larvae of aedes albopictus (skuse) and anopheles albimanus wiedemann (diptera: culicidae) in the laboratory, and against natural populations of ae. albopictus in the field. in laboratory studies, the lc50 values of the repellents for first instars ranged between 0.005 and 0.021% (ae. albopictus) and between 0.01 and 0.014% (an. albimanus) and, for fourth ... | 2001 | 11776456 |
| antisense expression of the 20-hydroxyecdysone receptor (ecr) in transfected mosquito cells uncovers a new ecr isoform that varies at the c-terminal end. | the insect steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone initiates a cascade of regulatory events in a temporal and tissue-specific manner by first binding to a complex of an ecdysone receptor (ecr) protein and a ultraspiracle protein. using an antisense (as) ribonucleic acid approach, we show that disruption of ecr expression in transfected c7-10 cells from the mosquito aedes albopictus affects survival and growth. from stably transfected cells, we recovered a new isoform of a. albopictus aalecra, which i ... | 2001 | 11669286 |
| aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae): physiological aspects of development and reproduction. | basic ecophysiological data are presented on the development and reproduction of aedes albopictus (skuse) that were reared and maintained at four temperatures between 12 and 32 degrees c. median larval developmental time from hatching to pupation was correlated inversely with temperature, lasting 7 d at 32 degrees c and up to 28 d at 12 degrees c. duration of the pupal period also varied from 2-3 d at 32 degrees c to 7-12 d at 12 degrees c. this extension of larval development elongated the phag ... | 2001 | 11476337 |
| laboratory and field evaluation of insect repellents as oviposition deterrents against the mosquito aedes albopictus. | three experimental approaches were used to evaluate the oviposition deterrency of three insect repellents, ai3-35765, ai3-37220 (piperidine compounds), and the standard n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) to the mosquito aedes albopictus skuse (diptera: culicidae). against laboratory-reared ae. albopictus gravid females, the ec50 values of ai3-37220, ai3-35765 and deet were 0.004%, 0.008% and 0.011% in laboratory cages and 0.004%, 0.01% and 0.009% in an outdoor screened cage. for a natural popu ... | 2001 | 11434545 |
| roles of mast cells and histamine in mosquito bite-induced allergic itch-associated responses in mice. | we investigated itch-associated responses (scratching) to mosquito bites and the role of histamine and mast cells in mosquito-induced itching in mice. although the first bites of mosquito aedes albopictus did not increase scratching, repeated bites increased scratching. the response was not diminished even after an interval of 2 months. similarly, repeated intradermal (i.d.) injections of salivary gland extract (sge) from aedes albopictus increased scratching after sge injection itself and mosqu ... | 2001 | 11430478 |
| [dna sequencing of the ache fragment of aedes albopictus]. | 2002 | 12568008 | |
| molecular divergence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase ii gene in three mosquitoes. | the cytochrome oxidase ii (coii) genes in the mitochondrial dna of 3 mosquito species (anopheles sinensis, aedes albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus) were amplified and sequenced. both the gene order and direction of transcription were identical to those of other species of anopheles, aedes, and culex. the polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragments in these mosquitoes were approximately 700 base pairs and the nucleotide sequences exhibited more than 82% similarity, whereas amino acids were ... | 2002 | 12542187 |
| pupal mass and wing length as indicators of fecundity in aedes albopictus and aedes geniculatus (diptera: culicidae). | many studies investigating the ecology and evolution of mosquitoes rely on morphometric measurements related to body size to estimate fecundity. determining the most reliable estimators of fecundity is therefore an important methodological consideration. we compared the relative accuracy of pupal mass and wing length in predicting the fecundity (number of mature stage iv follicles of the first gonotrophic cycle) for (1) aedes albopictus (skuse) reared in the laboratory, (2) aedes geniculatus (ol ... | 2002 | 12144308 |
| rapid identification of mitochondrial cytochrome b haplotypes by single strand conformation polymorphism in lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) populations. | newly designed primers amplified a 365-bp fragment including the 3' end of mitochondrial cytochromeb (cyt b). field collected specimens of the sand fly, lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz and neiva), from two brazil locations provided test dna. the primers, based on consensus sequences from a taxonomic spectrum of arthropods, have also amplified dna successfully from lutzomyia shannoni dyar, lutzomyia cruzi (mangabeira), and the mosquito aedes albopictus (skuse). single strand conformation polymorphism ... | 2002 | 12144306 |
| leaf litter decay process and the growth performance of aedes albopictus larvae (diptera: culicidae). | larvae of the mosquito ae. albopictus typically develop in small aquatic sites such as tree holes and artificial containers. organic detritus, in particular decaying leaves, is therefore their major carbon source. here we demonstrate the importance of leaf characteristics, and in particular their rates of decay, in determining the development and survivorship of larvae. we compared the effects of a rapidly decaying leaf, the maple acer buergerianum (angiospermae: aceraceae) and a slowly decaying ... | 2002 | 12125870 |
| introduction of aedes albopictus (skuse) in southern california and potential for its establishment. | isolated incidences of aedes albopictus in the continental u.s. were reported as early as 1946 and the first incidence in california was reported in 1972. these introductions were referred to as "isolated incidences" because very few immatures were observed in used tires shipped from southeast asia. the first major discovery of a large population and subsequent establishment of ae. albopictus in the u.s. was reported in 1986 from houston, tx, in a shipment of used tires from japan. in early june ... | 2002 | 12125866 |
| experimental infection of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) larvae with the xiphidiocercariae of a hematolechid. | aedes albopictus larvae were exposed, either individually or in groups, to different concentrations of xiphidiocercariae of haematoloechus sp. for parasitological studies. it was observed the acute lethal effect and some aspects of the host-parasite relationship, such as delay or progress in the host life cycle, the number and location of the metacercariae in the host, adult host malformations and the amount of metacercariae required to cause death. a delay in the cycle and a high mortality rate ... | 2002 | 12118294 |
| [evaluation of the temperature influence on the development of aedes albopictus]. | to verify the temperature's influence on the aedes albopictus development stages under laboratory conditions. | 2002 | 12045798 |
| the effects of phytochemical pesticides on the growth of cultured invertebrate and vertebrate cells. | a range of cultured cells of invertebrate and vertebrate origin was grown in the presence of a number of phytochemical pesticides to test the effect of the latter on cell proliferation. the main observation was that azadirachtin was a potent inhibitor of insect cell replication, with an ec50 of 1.5 x 10(10) m against spodoptera cells and of 6.3 x 10(9) m against aedes albopictus cells, whilst affecting mammalian cells only at high concentrations (> 10(-4) m). as expected, the other phytochemical ... | 2002 | 11975173 |
| characterization of genomic dna encoding cecropins from an aedes albopictus mosquito cell line. | we used cdna probes from aedes albopictus mosquito cecropins aalceca, b, and c to obtain genomic dna copies and flanking dna. two gene copies (aalceca1 and a2, aalcecb1 and b2, aalcecc1 and c2) encoding each of the three mature cecropin peptides were recovered. all these genes had a similar organization, into two exons interrupted by a single short intron. aalceca1 and aalceca2 encode mature protein products that differ by one amino acid residue, while aalcecb1 and aalcecb2, aalcecc1 and aalcecc ... | 2002 | 11841499 |
| induction of microsomal cytochrome p450s by tire-leachate compounds, habitat components of aedes albopictus mosquito larvae. | benzothiazole (bzt) and its derivatives are the major leachate compounds of automobile tires, the principal breeding habitat of aedes albopictus, particularly in the united states. effects of the compounds on insecticide toxicity, and activities and expression of microsomal cytochrome p450s (p450s) in the mosquito larvae were examined. mosquito larvae were more tolerant to carbaryl, rotenone, and temephos when they were pre-exposed to tire-leachate compounds, particularly bzt. there was no chang ... | 2002 | 11816022 |
| paired charge-to-alanine mutagenesis of dengue virus type 4 ns5 generates mutants with temperature-sensitive, host range, and mouse attenuation phenotypes. | charge-to-alanine mutagenesis of dengue virus type 4 (den4) ns5 gene generated a collection of attenuating mutations for potential use in a recombinant live attenuated den vaccine. codons for 80 contiguous pairs of charged amino acids in ns5 were individually mutagenized to create uncharged pairs of alanine residues, and 32 recombinant mutant viruses were recovered from the 80 full-length mutant den4 cdna constructs. these mutant viruses were tested for temperature-sensitive (ts) replication in ... | 2002 | 11752143 |
| positively charged amino acid substitutions in the e2 envelope glycoprotein are associated with the emergence of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. | epidemic-epizootic venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) viruses (veev) have emerged repeatedly via convergent evolution from enzootic predecessors. however, previous sequence analyses have failed to identify common sets of nucleotide or amino acid substitutions associated with all emergence events. during 1993 and 1996, veev subtype ie epizootics occurred on the pacific coast of the states of chiapas and oaxaca in southern mexico. like other epizootic veev strains, when inoculated into guinea pi ... | 2002 | 11799167 |
| inhibitory potential of neem (azadirachta indica juss) leaves on dengue virus type-2 replication. | in the present study we report in vitro and in vivo inhibitory potential of crude aqueous extract of neem leaves and pure neem compound (azadirachtin) on the replication of dengue virus type-2. in vitro antiviral activity of aqueous neem leaves extract assessed in c(6/36) (cloned cells of larvae of aedes albopictus) cells employing virus inhibition assay showed inhibition in dose dependent manner. the aqueous extract of neem leaves at its maximum non-toxic concentration of 1.897 mg/ml completely ... | 2002 | 11801392 |
| characterization of wolbachia host cell range via the in vitro establishment of infections. | maternally transmitted bacteria of the genus wolbachia are obligate, intracellular symbionts that are frequently found in insects and cause a diverse array of reproductive manipulations, including cytoplasmic incompatibility, male killing, parthenogenesis, and feminization. despite the existence of a broad range of scientific interest, many aspects of wolbachia research have been limited to laboratories with insect-rearing facilities. the inability to culture these bacteria outside of the invert ... | 2002 | 11823204 |
| invasions by insect vectors of human disease. | nonindigenous vectors that arrive, establish, and spread in new areas have fomented throughout recorded history epidemics of human diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, typhus, and plague. although some vagile vectors, such as adults of black flies, biting midges, and tsetse flies, have dispersed into new habitats by flight or wind, human-aided transport is responsible for the arrival and spread of most invasive vectors, such as anthropophilic fleas, lice, kissing bugs, and mosquitoes. from th ... | 2002 | 11729075 |
| in vitro cultivation of wolbachia in insect and mammalian cell lines. | wolbachia infecting the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus, were successfully maintained and cultivated in two insect and one mammalian cell lines. the bacteria with the planthopper ovary were introduced into the flasks with the cultures of the cell lines. the wolbachia proliferated in mosquito (aedes albopictus) and lepidopteran (heliothis zea) cell lines and in the mouse cell line, l929. proliferation of wolbachia was confirmed by electron microscopy and quantitative polymerase ch ... | 2002 | 12534342 |
| vector competence of three north american strains of aedes albopictus for west nile virus. | to evaluate the potential for north american (na) aedes albopictus to transmit west nile virus (wn), mosquito strains derived from 3 na sources (frederick county, maryland, fred strain; cheverly, md, chev strain; chambers and liberty counties, texas, tamu strain) were tested. these strains were tested along with a previously tested strain from a hawaiian source (oahu strain). mosquitoes were fed on 2- to 3-day-old chickens previously inoculated with a new york strain (crow 397-99) of wn. all of ... | 2002 | 12542184 |
| [changes in element content in aedes albopictus infected by dengue virus type ii]. | to study the changes in the content of elements in aedes albopictus after dengue virus type ii (dv2) infection. | 2002 | 12567999 |
| ultraviolet light sensitivity, unscheduled dna synthesis and dna repair in c7-10 aedes albopictus mosquito cells. | we have examined the relative sensitivity of aedes albopictus c7-10 mosquito cells to irradiation with ultraviolet light from a germicidal lamp. on the basis of plating efficiency, c7-10 cells were approximately two times more resistant to uv light than human 293 leukemia cells. recovery after uv irradiation was accompanied by an increase in unscheduled dna synthesis (uds), which was measured by incorporation of (3)h-thymidine into acid-precipitable dna in the presence of hydroxyurea. under stan ... | 2002 | 12770140 |
| cultured aedes albopictus mosquito cells accumulate elongation factor-1 alpha (ef-1 alpha) during serum starvation. | we examined survival, growth and protein synthesis in mosquito cells that had been maintained for up to 21 days in serum-free medium. on polyacrylamide gels, protein bands from "starved" cells remained discrete, and despite low levels of incorporation, radiolabeled bands were detectable, suggesting that low levels of protein synthesis were sustained. a prominent band that accumulated in serum-starved cells was digested with trypsin and analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry, which identified the p ... | 2002 | 12213242 |
| isolation of dengue virus serotype 1 from the blood of a swiss traveler prior to seroconversion. | dengue virus serotype 1 was isolated from the blood of a patient who had returned to switzerland from brazil with fever of unknown origin. after 2 days of culture on aedes albopictus (c6/36) cell line, the dengue virus was identified as serotype 1 using a type-specific indirect immunofluorescence assay. the diagnosis was confirmed by seroconversion of anti-dengue virus-specific igm and igg antibodies and by amplification of a serotype 1-specific region of the dengue virus genome. this is the fir ... | 2002 | 12236569 |
| a laboratory and field evaluation of macrocyclops distinctus, megacyclops viridis and mesocyclops pehpeiensis as control agents of the dengue vector aedes albopictus in a peridomestic area in nagasaki, japan. | the use of the cyclopoid copepods macrocyclops distinctus (richard) megacyclops viridis (jurine) and mesocyclops pehpeiensis hu (cyclopoida: cyclopidae) as biological control agents against the dengue vector aedes albopictus (skuse) (diptera: culicidae) was evaluated. in the laboratory their predatory ability was highest against the younger instars of ae. albopictus and none of the three copepods killed the fourth instar. except for m. viridis, predatory ability was affected by the size of the c ... | 2002 | 12243229 |
| temporal abundance, parity, survival rates, and arbovirus isolation of field-collected container-inhabiting mosquitoes in eastern tennessee. | surveillance of container-inhabiting mosquitoes was conducted from june 17 through november 9, 1998, at 2 1997 la crosse virus (lac) human case sites (knox and cocke counties, tennessee). mosquitoes were collected weekly with 2 dry ice-baited centers for disease control miniature light traps, 2 omnidirectional fay traps, and 40 oviposition traps at each site. a total of 8,408 mosquitoes, composed of ochlerotatus triseriatus (n = 2,095) and aedes albopictus (n = 6,313), were reared or collected a ... | 2002 | 12322937 |
| a putative receptor for dengue virus in mosquito tissues: localization of a 45-kda glycoprotein. | dengue virus (denv) infects target cells by attaching to various cell receptors, many of which are still unknown. in c6/36 cells (aedes albopictus cell line), denv-4 bound to two glycoproteins of 40 and 45 kda, located on the cell surface. preincubation of cells with polyclonal antibody against the 45-kda protein specifically blocked denv-4 infection of c6/36 cells. the antibody and purified denv-4 detected the 45-kda molecule in total extracts from eggs, larvae, and pupae as well as from the mi ... | 2002 | 12363068 |
| genetic diversity in brazilian populations of aedes albopictus. | random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis technique was undertaken in aedes albopictus populations from three states in brazil, rio de janeiro (rj), minas gerais (mg) and pernambuco (pe), to estimate the level of genetic variability and levels of genetic exchange between populations. allele and genotype frequencies were measured on 47 rapd loci. average observed heterozigosity (ho) ranged from 0.282 in mg to 0.355 in casa forte (pe) population. genetic distances estimates indicated that r ... | 2002 | 12386713 |
| growth characteristics of chimerivax-den2 vaccine virus in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. | the chimeric yellow fever (yf) 17d-dengue type 2 (chimerivax-den2) vaccine virus developed by acambis, inc. (cambridge, ma) contains the prm and e genes of wild-type (wt) dengue 2 (den-2) (strain puo-218) virus in the yf vaccine virus (strain 17d) backbone. the potential of chimerivax-den2 virus to infect and be transmitted by aedes aegypti, the principal den and yf virus mosquito vector, and aedes albopictus, a species that occurs in areas of active transmission of yf and den viruses, was evalu ... | 2002 | 12408664 |
| novel mutations that control the sphingolipid and cholesterol dependence of the semliki forest virus fusion protein. | the enveloped alphavirus semliki forest virus (sfv) infects cells via a membrane fusion reaction mediated by the e1 membrane protein. efficient sfv-membrane fusion requires the presence of cholesterol and sphingolipid in the target membrane. here we report on two mutants, srf-4 and srf-5, selected for growth in cholesterol-depleted cells. like the previously isolated srf-3 mutant (e1 proline 226 to serine), the phenotypes of the srf-4 and srf-5 mutants were conferred by single-amino-acid changes ... | 2002 | 12438597 |
| rna silencing of dengue virus type 2 replication in transformed c6/36 mosquito cells transcribing an inverted-repeat rna derived from the virus genome. | double-stranded rna (dsrna) initiates cellular posttranscriptional responses that are collectively called rna silencing in a number of different organisms, including plants, nematodes, and fruit flies. in plants, rna silencing has been associated with protection from virus infection. in this study, we demonstrate that dsrna-mediated interference also can act as a viral defense mechanism in mosquito cells. c6/36 (aedes albopictus) cells were stably transformed with a plasmid designed to transcrib ... | 2002 | 12438618 |
| west nile virus epidemic in horses, tuscany region, italy. | during the late summer of 1998, veterinary authorities in tuscany, italy, received reports of cases of neurologic disease among horses residing in a large wetland area located in the provinces of florence and pistoia. west nile virus was isolated from two of the six horses that died or were euthanized. a retrospective epidemiologic study identified 14 clinical neurologic cases that occurred from august 20 to october 6 (attack rate of 2.8%). a serologic survey conducted over a 700-km2 area in sta ... | 2002 | 12498650 |
| efficacy of killed virus vaccine, live attenuated chimeric virus vaccine, and passive immunization for prevention of west nile virus encephalitis in hamster model. | results of experiments evaluating the efficacy of three immunization strategies for the prevention of west nile virus (wnv) encephalitis are reported. immunization strategies evaluated included a killed virus veterinary vaccine, a live attenuated chimeric virus vaccine candidate, and passive immunization with wnv-immune serum; all were tested by using a hamster model of the disease. each product protected the animals from clinical illness and death when challenged with a hamster-virulent éwild-t ... | 2002 | 12498653 |
| [first report of aedes albopictus in the state of santa catarina, brazil]. | three adult females of aedes (stegomyia) albopictus (skuse) were captured using a human bait in the surrounding dwelling area of the remaining rain forest in itaguassu beach, island of são francisco do sul, northern coast of the state of santa catarina, brazil. | 2002 | 12045808 |
| experimental transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus by ochlerotatus j. japonicus (diptera: culicidae). | we evaluated the potential for ochlerotatus j. japonicus (theobald), a newly recognized invasive mosquito species in the united states, to transmit eastern equine encephalitis (eee) virus. aedes albopictus (skuse) and culex pipiens (l.) were similarly tested for comparison. ochlerotatus j. japonicus and ae. albopictus became infected and transmitted eee virus by bite after feeding on young chickens 1 d after they had been inoculated with eee virus (viremias ranging from 10(7.0-8.7) plaque-formin ... | 2002 | 12061444 |
| discovery of aedes albopictus infected with west nile virus in southeastern pennsylvania. | in august 2000, aedes albopictus was found in a co2-baited centers for disease control light trap in eastern philadelphia, pa. in late september 2000, west nile viral antigen was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction testing from a pool of 2 ae. albopictus mosquitoes that were collected in southwestern montgomery county. | 2002 | 12083357 |
| landing sites on the human body preferred by aedes albopictus. | the landing sites on the human body preferred by aedes albopictus were examined. five male volunteers wearing only shorts stood in a mosquito net enclosure containing 120 proboscis-amputated ae. albopitus. in separate tests, 9 male volunteers and 1 female volunteer lay supine during the test. the number of mosquitoes landing on each site of the volunteer's body was counted, and after completion of the test, his or her body temperature was recorded. when the subject was upright, the landing site ... | 2002 | 12083362 |
| combined detection and genotyping of chikungunya virus by a specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed for the detection of chikungunya virus infection. based on the nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) and glycoprotein e1 (e1) genes of chikungunya, two primer sets were designed. total rna were extracted from the cell culture fluid of aedes albopictus c6/36 cells inoculated with the s27 prototype virus, isolated in tanzania in 1953, and the malaysian strains (malh0198, malh0298, and malh0398), isolated in malaysia in 1998. for bot ... | 2002 | 12116030 |
| maternal transmission efficiency of wolbachia superinfections in aedes albopictus populations in thailand. | we examined the transmission efficiency of 2 strains of wolbachia bacteria that cause cytoplasmic incompatibility in field populations of aedes albopictus by polymerase chain reaction assay. we found mainland and island populations throughout thailand to be superinfected with group a and b bacteria. of 320 wolbachia-positive adult mosquitoes, 97.5% were infected with both groups. single infected individuals of each wolbachia group were encountered in nearly equal numbers. we screened 550 offspri ... | 2002 | 12135258 |
| field prevalence of wolbachia in the mosquito vector aedes albopictus. | the endosymbiotic bacteria in the genus wolbachia have been proposed as a potential candidate to deliver pathogen-blocking genes into natural populations of medically important insects. the successful application of wolbachia in insect vector control depends on the ability of the agent to successfully invade and maintain itself at high frequency under field conditions. here, we evaluated the prevalence of wolbachia infections in a field population of the wolbachia-superinfected mosquito aedes al ... | 2002 | 12135259 |
| control of aedes vectors of dengue in three provinces of vietnam by use of mesocyclops (copepoda) and community-based methods validated by entomologic, clinical, and serological surveillance. | we describe remarkable success in controlling dengue vectors, aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse), in 6 communes with 11,675 households and 49,647 people in the northern provinces of haiphong, hung yen, and nam dinh in vietnam. the communes were selected for high-frequency use of large outdoor concrete tanks and wells. these were found to be the source of 49.6-98.4% of ae. aegypti larvae, which were amenable to treatment with local mesocyclops, mainly m. woutersi van der velde, m. as ... | 2002 | 12135266 |
| comparison of penaeid shrimp and insect parvoviruses suggests that viral transfers may occur between two distantly related arthropod groups. | the dna and putative amino acid sequences of representative insect and shrimp parvoviruses (subfamily densovirinae) were analyzed using computer programs. shrimp viruses included hepatopancreatic parvovirus (hpv) of penaeus monodon (hpvmon) and p. chinensis (hpvchin), spawner-isolated mortality virus from p. monodon (smvmon) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv) from p. vannamei. insect viruses included aedes aegypti densovirus (aaednv), aedes albopictus densovirus ( ... | 2002 | 12135792 |