Publications

plasmodium falciparum in culture: establishment of additional strains.	the establishment of new strains of plasmodium falciparum in continuous culture is described. one line (fcr-2), isolated from an individual who had traveled extensively through south america, was passed initially through aotus trivirgatus monkeys and then cultured into human erythrocytes using the flow-vial technique. a strain of p. falciparum fmg), shipped by air freight on wet ice from the gambia, was cultured directly from a human infection into continuous culture using the petri dish-candle ...	1978	356635
chemoprophylaxis of malaria.		1978	356694
[control of malaria and its eradication in the socialist republic of vietnam].		1978	364292
trends in the development of chemotherapy for parasitic diseases.		1978	364672
continuous in-vitro cultivation of the human malaria parasite.		1978	356695
[reappearance of autochthonous malaria].		1978	356696
acute pulmonary edema in plasmodium falciparum malaria.	this report describes a patient who developed acute pulmonary edema as a complication of plasmodium falciparum malaria. hemodynamic evaluation revealed a pulmonary artery wedge pressure of 3 mm hg and a cardiac index of 4.6 liter per min per m2. the patient exhibited an acute decrease in serum colloid osmotic pressure from 25.1 mm hg to 16.8 mm hg. these findings suggest that pulmonary edema in this patient was the result of altered capillary membrane permeability.	1978	358880
malumfashi endemic diseases research project. ii. malariometry in malumfashi, northern nigeria.	prior to longitudinal studies into the effects of malaria upon the immune response, nutritional status and haematological indices in young children in northern nigeria, the degree of malarial endemicity in the area has been established. field work was carried out in the wet seasons of 1976 and 1977 and the dry season of 1977 (april). seasonal variation in transmission has been demonstrated. age-specific parasite prevalence rates and splenic indices confirm previous studies that this northern par ...	1978	358930
haemostatic defect in non-immune patients with falciparum malaria: no evidence of diffuse intravascular coagulation.	nine non-immune patients with imported falciparum malaria were examined for signs of diffuse intravascular coagulation (dic). although all had thrombocytopenia initially and some later had a decline in plasma fibrinogen concentrations, dic was never detected, even in severely affected patients with coma and kidney damage. none of the patients were given heparin and all recovered without residual symptoms. heparin administration should probably be considered only when clear-cut dic, which possibl ...	1978	359086
relative chloroquine resistance.		1978	359093
intravascular coagulation in falciparum malaria.		1978	359097
pharmacokinetics of antimalarials and proposals for dosage regimens.	blood level data for the antimalarials amodiaquine, chloroguanide, chloroquine, pyrimethamine, quinine and sulphadoxine have been retrieved from the literature and pharmacokinetically analyzed. minimum, average and maximum blood level concentrations at steady state in suppressive treatment and peak concentrations in therapeutic treatment were predicted and blood level-time curves simulated. based on the computer-predicted data, changes in dosage regimens are proposed to reduce the fluctuations b ...	1978	359493
malaria transmission by platelet concentrate transfusion.		1978	359848
presumptive treatment of p. vivax and p. falciparum cases with 600 mg. chloroquine base in tamil nadu.		1978	365722
carl jung.	physicians should be prepared to provide prophylactic medications for travelers to malarious areas and to treat patients with malaria. chloroquine hydrochloride is the suppressive agent of choice for treatment of mild infections due to all species of malaria except for those due to chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum. for treatment of severe infections with p falciparum and for treatment of all infections due to chloroquine-resistant strains of p falciparum quinine is the supp ...	1978	359849
therapy and prophylaxis of malaria.	physicians should be prepared to provide prophylactic medications for travelers to malarious areas and to treat patients with malaria. chloroquine hydrochloride is the suppressive agent of choice for treatment of mild infections due to all species of malaria except for those due to chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum. for treatment of severe infections with p falficparum, quinine is the suppressive agent of choice. chloroquine is also the prophylactic agent of choice for most ...	1978	359850
[malaria introduced into switzerland from 1974-1976].	in recent years there has been an increase in imported tropical diseases in switzerland. travellers to the tropics are often inadequately or not at all informed about the dangers and possible prophylaxis of infection. this is true for malaria, of which 207 cases covering the years 1974 to 1976 are studied. most involved were people between 21 and 30 years old. the main infections (71%) come from african countries. plasmodium falciparum was found somewhat more frequently than p. vivax. only a sev ...	1978	360380
sickling rates of human as red cells infected in vitro with plasmodium falciparum malaria.	the kinetics of sickling of malaria-infected red cells from humans with sickle cell trait were studied in vitro in an attempt to obtain direct experimental evidence for a selective advantage of the hemoglobin s heterozygote in a malarious region. the sickling rates of cells infected with plasmodium falciparum and of non-infected cells were studied both in the total absence of oxygen (by dithionite addition) and at several different concentrations of oxyhemoglobin which might obtain in vivo. in a ...	1978	360396
preventing deaths from malaria.	to reduce the number of avoidable deaths from malaria in britain the following five points are recommended. parliament should pass a malaria prevention act that compels travel agents and airlines to give written and verbal advice on prevention and diagnosis of malaria to people travelling to countries where the disease occurs. to improve diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency for all diseases the department of health and social security should prepare a procedure manual for the nhs that gives gui ...	1978	361151
topical aspects of the epidemiology of malaria.		1978	355188
[epidemiology and clinical aspects of malaria in switzerland].	plasmodium falciparum is the predominant plasmodium species in africa south of the sahara to a proportion of 80% and more. two thirds of all cases of malaria in switzerland are imported from africa. accordingly, malignant malaria is more frequently diagnosed in switzerland than tertian malaria. malignant malaria usually presents atypically, e.g. as acute gastrointestinal disease or as shock. the lethality is high. the majority of swiss travellers are not protected effectively against malaria. a ...	1978	362526
the treatment of malaria.		1978	362573
some recent advances in the cultivation of plasmodium falciparum.		1978	355191
immunopathology of human malaria.		1978	355197
comments on seroepidemiologic studies.	if the tools for the control of transmission are not available, the application of seroepidemiologic methods, as an exercise in the tropics, just in order to assess the magnitude of the problem of malaria transmission, should be restricted. application of seroepidemiologic methods in connection with control operations seems valuable. they can provide new and basic information. it is very unlikely that in control schemes, the assessment of incidence of fresh parasitemias is better, easier, or mor ...	1978	355205
the spread of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria in papua new guinea.	two cases of chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum malaria have been reported from eastern papua new guinea in order to alert the medical profession about the spread of resistant strains throughout that territory.	1978	355814
the duffy blood group and resistance to plasmodium vivax in honduras.	to test the hypothesis that the duffy blood group negative genotype is a factor in resistance to plasmodium vivax, we determined the duffy blood group, the malaria antibodies, and the slide-demonstrated infection rates with p. vivax and p. falciparum of 420 persons living in nueva armenia, honduras. in all, 247 persons were duffy negative. demonstrated infections with p. falciparum were almost equally distributed between duffy-positive (5,8%) and duffy-negative (4.9%) persons. similarly, duffy-p ...	1978	356634
plasmodium falciparum: responses of a semi-immune individual to homologous and heterologous challenges, and non-infectivity of gametocytes in anopheles stephensi.	with strict adherence to ethical guidelines, a semi-immune volunteer was exposed to homologous and heterologous blood challenges with strains of plasmodium falciparum from vietnam and tanzania. on both occasions infections developed, but clinical manifestations were moderated, prepatent periods increased, and parasitemias limited. gametocytes produced by these infections failed to infect anopheles stephensi. possible reasons for this are discussed.	1978	343609
[5 cases of imported malaria].		1978	358306
the malaria burden and population growth in the solomon islands.	this paper outlines the result of the control of infectious diseases, and more especially malaria, on the growth of populations in the solomon islands since 1931, the year of the first census, to 1976, the year in which the fourth census revealed, that a population explosion had occurred, and was occurring unabated.	1978	358655
malaria and pregnancy.	a review of current literature on the effects of malaria on pregnant women and the foetus is made and its effective control is discussed. the role of placenta as an exchange organ and as the first defence line for foetus is also described. reduced resistance to malaria during pregnancy may be due to immunological and hormonal changes. in malarious areas, the effective control of malaria results in reduced maternal anaemia and in increased birth-weights. prophylaxis, treatment and other antimalar ...	1978	358656
chemoprophylaxis and malaria in american servicemen returning from vietnam.	information relating to chemoprophylaxis and malaria in 49 men who served with the united states armed forces in vietnam and who developed overt malaria after departure from vietnam indicated that: 1) compliance with intended chemoprophylactic regimens was far optimal; 2) a history of recent prophylactic ingestion of chloroquine was not a reliable indicator of infection with chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum: 3) reported ingestion of half or more of an intended terminal chemoprophylact ...	1978	343607
falciparum malaria in seamen.	three cases of plasmodium falciparum malaria in seamen, all acquired while working off tropical west africa, and all in patients coming in for treatment at a new orleans hospital during one six-week period, are described in the context of the importance of considering recent travel history for arrival at the correct diagnosis and treatment. two of the three patients whose cases are reported had taken some form of malarial chemoprophylaxis during their voyage.	1978	349186
[acute renal failure and attack of pernicious malaria (apropos of 3 further cases)].		1978	349298
falciparum malaria.		1978	349318
the influence of acetylator phenotype on the response to sulfalene in individuals with chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria.	the disposition of sulfalene was studied in eight individuals before and during an infection with a chloroquine-resistant strain of plasmodium falciparum. isoniazid acetylator phenotype was determined in each individual prior to the administration of sulfalene. following the administration of sulfalene before infection with malaria, a significant difference in half-life of non-acetylated sulfalene and percent acetylation of sulfalene in plasma was observed between rapid and slow acetylators. whe ...	1978	347958
[malaria: direct interhuman contamination].		1978	353711
diet and cerebral malaria: the effect of famine and refeeding.	in an outbreak of plasmodium falciparum malaria following refeeding after famine cerebral malaria was restricted to children eating grain. nomad children consuming a predominantly milk diet were free of this complication despite an equivalent incidence of uncomplicated malaria. freedom of nomads from cerebral complications may be due to inhibition by the milk diet of rapid division of the parasite combined with delayed recovery after famine of t cell function.	1978	339705
chloroquine resistance in zambia.		1978	354744
[malaria incurred in france].		1978	353710
cellular mechanism for the protective effect of haemoglobin s against p. falciparum malaria.		1978	353566
cerebral malaria. a disseminated vasculomyelinopathy.	neuropathologic examination of 19 fatal cases of cerebral malaria and a review of the literature showed that the epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic features of this entity suggest consideration of cerebral malaria as a form of disseminated vasculomyelinopathy, a hyperegic reaction of the cns to the antigenic challenge of plasmodium falciparum infection. experimental evidence also substantiates this view the initial event seems to be vasculopathy, with alteration of the endothelial permeabil ...	1978	348169
[malaria; a summary].		1978	348605
serum protein fractions in acute falciparum malaria obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.		1978	350171
separation of viable schizont-infected red cells of plasmodium falciparum from human blood.		1978	350172
relative chloroquine resistance of p falciparum in zambia.		1978	350347
cultivation of malarial parasites.	the method for continuous cultivation of plasmodium falciparum has now been successfully applied to several strains from different geographical areas. it has been used for tests of antimalarial drugs, for studies of parasite-host cell interactions with special reference to sickle haemoglobin, and for the production of amounts of parasite sufficient for experimental immunisation of aotus trivirgatus monkeys.	1978	351412
[western african immigrant's anhaptoglobinemia (author's transl)].		1978	351555
[effect of drought on antimalarial immunity].		1978	351558
chloroquine resistance produced in vitro in an african strain of human malaria.	after condinous cultivation in the presence of chloroquine, an african strain of the malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparu, acquired resistance to the drug. the resistance was stable and comparable in vitro to that occurring naturally in a strain from southeast asia. this suggests that chloroquine resistance, absent until now in africa, might arise in the future.	1978	351801
erythrocytic mechanism of sickle cell resistance to malaria.	the physiological basis for the resistance to falciparum malaria individuals with sickle cell trait has not been understood. recent advances in erythrocytic plasmodium falciparum culture have made possible a direct investigation of the development of the malaria parasite in cells with sickle cell homoglobin. in a high (18%) oxygen atmosphere, there is no apparent sickling of cells, and the growth and multiplication of p. falciparum is identical in normal (aa), hemoglobin s homozygous (ss), and h ...	1978	347452
[malaria prophylaxis].		1978	342981
[clinical problems in current malaria. considerations apropos of 2 cases].	two cases of malaria imported from west africa by two sailors (falciparum and vivax respectively) are reported. it is pointed out that nowadays malaria is no longer indigenous to sicily but has to be imported; an increasing number of cases of malaria are being reported world-wide in relation to increased traffic volumes, particularly air traffic. this means growing importance of imported pathology for which a new training strategy is required (with regard to young physicians who at present are q ...	1978	342993
[susceptibility of anopheles maculipennis sacharovi and anopheles maculipennis subalpinus mosquitoes to infection with the causative agents of tropical malaria brought in from africa].		1978	149904
antimalarial activity of s-isobutyl adenosine against plasmodium falciparum in culture.		1978	340273
quinine-like drug attacks resistant malaria strains.		1978	97402
antimalarial activities of various 4-quinolonemethanols with special attention to wr-142,490 (mefloquine).	pilot appraisals of the activities of a selected group of 4-quinolinemethanols against acute plasmodium falciparum infections in owl monkeys indicated that compounds of this class are equally active against infections with chloroquine-resistant and chloroquine-susceptible strains and that this efficacy is not compromised by concomitant resistance to pyrimethamine, and in addition, identified three derivatives with outstanding activity (wr-226,253; wr-142,490; and wr-184,806). wr-142,490, the sec ...	1978	98104
immunopathology of malaria.		1978	98476
summing up of the symposium: immunology and immunopathology of malaria.		1978	98477
plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infections in the owl monkey (aotus trivirgatus). i. the courses of untreated infections.	this study, the first of three designed to determine the feasibility of using owl monkeys infected with human plasmodia in the search for new, more broadly active antimalarial drugs, dealt with the characteristics of untreated infections with eight strains of plasmodium falciparum and two strains of p. vivax. such infections, induced by standardized inocula of these strains in 1,733 monkeys, all aotus trivirgatus griseimembra, were followed from day of inoculation to death of self-cure. the viru ...	1978	99055
plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infections in the owl monkey (aotus trivirgatus). ii. responses to chloroquine, quinine, and pyrimethamine.	the studies described in this report were designed to determine the responses of established infections with eight strains of plasmodium falciparum and two strains of p. vivax in owl monkeys to treatment with chloroquine, quinine, and pyrimethamine. responses with these different strains ranged from cure via application of well-tolerated doses of two of the above drugs and refractoriness to treatment with maximally tolerated doses of the third, to complete resistance to maximally tolerated doses ...	1978	99056
vaccination of experimental monkeys against plasmodium falciparum: a possible safe adjuvant.	owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus griseimembra) were effectively immunized against a human malaria parasite, plasmodium falciparum. two injections of antigen, primarily mature segmenters with fully developed merozoites, mixed with adjuvant (6-o-stearoyl-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine and liposomes) were administered intramuscularly at a 4-week interval. approximately 2 weeks after the second vaccination, the monkeys were challenged with the homologous strain of p. falciparum. all immunized ...	1978	99814
suppression of lymphocyte transformation by plasma from owl monkeys acutely infected with plasmodium falciparum.	plasma collected from owl monkeys during the acute phase of plasmodium falciparum infection was shown to adversely affect several in vitro responses which are considered to be correlates of cell-mediated immune functions of normal monkeys. in the presence of acute-phase plasma, response of normal monkey peripheral blood lymphocytes to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin a, and pokeweed mitogen was severely reduced, as was the ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes to respond to al ...	1978	101455
immunization against malaria with antigen from plasmodium falciparum cultivated in vitro.	aotus monkeys, which are generally killed when infected with the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum, have been identified and grouped by karyotype. these animals were immunized with parasite material obtained from p. falciparum cultivated in vitro which had been maintained in culture for over a year. when sufficient amounts of this antigenic material were used with a synthetic muramyl dipeptide (mdp), protective immunity was induced without presenting the antigen in complete freund's a ...	1978	103100
partial protection of plasmodium falciparum-vaccinated aotus trivirgatus against a challenge of a heterologous strain.	two aotus trivirgatus griseimenbra monkeys which had been immunized with the merozoite-enriched fup strain of plasmodium falciparum were protected against a primary challenge with the homologous strain. the results described here show that these two monkeys were protected against a subsequent challenge with a heterologous strain (fvo) of p. falciparum. the unimmunized control monkey died of fvo infection by day 18.	1978	103450
antimalarial activities of the 4-quinolinemethanols wr-184,806 and wr-226,253.	wr-184,806 and wr-226,253, two 4-quinolinemethanols structurally similar to wr-142,490 (mefloquine), have been studied in depth in owl monkeys infected with various drug-resistant and drug-susceptible strains of plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax in an effort to provide support and guidance for projected evaluations in human volunteers. the results of these studies, confirmatory of preliminary appraisals, showed that wr-184,806 was approximately one-third as active as wr-142,490 against infectio ...	1978	103493
fine structure of human malaria in vitro.	the erythrocytic cycle of the human malaria parasite, plasmodium, falciparum, was examined by electron microscopy. three strains of parasites maintained in continuous culture in human erythrocytes were compared with in vivo infections in aotus monkeys. the ultrastructure of p. falciparum is not altered by continuous cultivation in vitro. mitochondria contain dna-like filaments and some cristae at all stages of the erythrocytic life cycle. the golgi apparatus is prominent at the schizont stage an ...	1978	105129
antimalarial activities of wr-194,965, an alpha-amino-o-cresol derivative.	pilot appraisals of the activities of wr-194,965 and wr-204,165, two closely related o-cresol derivatives (both mannich bases), in owl monkeys infected with the multidrug-resistant vietnam smith strain of plasmodium falciparum showed that these compounds had similar levels of efficacy. total course doses effecting 90% cures (cd(90)s) were 27 and 37 mg/kg of body weight for the respective compounds, values almost identical to the cd(90) of mefloquine (a highly promising 4-quinolinemethanol) again ...	1978	103492
[an epidemiological consideration of the status of infection in 29 patients with malaria (author's transl)].		1978	101609
folate antagonists. 13. 2,4-diamino-6-](alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-m-tolyl)thio]quinazoline and related 2,4-diamino-6-[(phenyl- and naphthyl)thio]quinazolines, a unique class of antimetabolites with extraordinary antimalarial and antibacterial effects.	an array of nonclassical thioquinazoline analogues (viii) of methotrexate was prepared by cyclization of the requisite 2-amino-5-(arylthio)benzonitrile with chloroformamidine hydrochloride (28--79%). the aminonitrile precursors were obtained by sncl2-hcl reduction (28--99%) of the corresponding 2-nitro-5-(arylthio)benzonitriles, which were synthesized by the condensation of the appropriate 5-chloro-2-nitrobenzonitriles with various arylthiols (36--83%). many of the thioquinazolines (viii) showed ...	1978	102792
gametocyte and gamete development in plasmodium falciparum.		1978	27809
plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infections in the owl monkey (aotus trivirgatus). iii. methods employed in the search for new blood schizonticidal drugs.	this report describes, illustrates, and validates the major features of a procedure designed to provide primary assessments of the activities of potential antimalarial drugs against infections with chloroquine-resistant or pyrimethamine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum in owl monkeys of colombian origin. studies with 14 specially selected compounds have shown that the test method has the capacity to identify and quantify diverse levels of therapeutic efficacy among agents that differ w ...	1978	99057
effect of falciparum malaria infection on the in vitro mitogen responses of spleen and peripheral blood lymphocytes from owl monkeys.	the response of spleen and peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) to mitogen stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (pha), concanavalin a (cona), and pokeweed mitogen (pwm) was determined for owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus) experimentally infected with the vietnam-oak knoll (fvo) and the uganda-palo alto (fup) strains of plasmodium falciparum. pbl from panamanian aotus monkeys with less than 25% fvo infection responded normally to mitogen stimulation; however, increased parasitemia of 25--50% resulted ...	1978	99058
antimalarial activities of various 9-phenanthrenemethanols with special attention to wr-122,455 and wr-171,669.	pilot appraisals of the activities of 16 specially selected 9-phenanthrenemethanols against acute infections with plasmodium falciparum in owl monkeys showed that all were more active than the reference compound, wr-33,063. wr-122,455, the most active derivative, and wr-171,669, ranked sixth, were selected for study in human volunteers. to assist this undertaking, appraisals of both compounds in owl monkeys infected with various strains of p. falciparum were expanded. these assessments showed: ( ...	1978	101127
antimalarial activities of various 4-pyridinemethanols with special attention to wr-172,435 and wr-180,409.	pilot appraisals of the activities of 10 specially selected 2,6-substituted-4-pyridinemethanols against acute plasmodium falciparum infections in owl monkeys identified three derivatives that were two to three times as active as chloroquine against infections with a 4-aminoquinoline-susceptible strain and, at the same doses, were equally effective against infections with a strain fully resistant to treatment with maximally tolerated doses of chloroquine, quinine, and pyrimethamine. two of these ...	1978	101132
malaria immunity induced by infection with cultured parasites of plasmodium falciparum.		1978	98625
[immuno-electro-diffusion on cellulose acetate membrane for serological testing in human malaria (author's transl)].	an immuno-electro-diffusion assay for human malaria, using cellulose acetate gel, is described. more than 3500 sera have been tested by this method, which proved very useful for epidemiology since 400 sera a day can be tested by one person, with simple equipment. its sensitivity compared well to the ifa test, although the antibodies revealed are quite different. a constnat precipitin line appeared, against 56 degrees c labile antigens, in sera of subjects infected by p. falciparum, and up to 8 o ...	1978	98748
studies on the burma (thau.) strain of plasmodium falciparum in aotus trivirgatus monkeys.	the burma (thau.) strain of plasmodium falciparum was established in 3 aotus trivirgatus monkeys by the inoculation of parasitized blood from man. subsequently, passage from monkey to monkey was obtained through subinoculation of blood parasites to 15 aotus monkeys. anopheles freeborni mosquitoes were fed on these infections on 207 occasions; in 105 of these trials, mosquitoes became infected. a total of 335 (9.9%) of the 3,378 individual mosquitoes dissected were infected. passage of the infect ...	1978	96244
stage-specific antigens on the surface membrane of sporozoites of malaria parasites.		1978	96355
plasmodium falciparum malaria: probable role of mosquitoes imported by aerial way.		1978	24831
cultured plasmodium falciparum used as antigen in a malaria indirect fluorescent antibody test.	human sera obtained from persons infected with plasmodium falciparum were tested by a standard indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) technique using antigen obtained from long term in vitro cultures of two strains of p. falciparum, and antibody in high titer was reproducibly detected. sera from uninfected persons had undetectable or very low titers of antibody. the use of cultured parasites offers a convenient, stable source of antigens from different p. falciparum strains without requiring their ...	1978	82407
drug sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum. an in-vitro microtechnique.		1978	74500
low erythrocyte pyridoxal-kinase activity in blacks: its possible relation to falciparum malaria.	the red-cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g.-6-p.d.) activity and red-cell pyridoxal-kinase (p.l.k.) activity of 27 nigerian children with severe plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia were compared with those of 26 healthy nigerian children and 6 white adults. the mean p.l.k. activity of the malaria patients was similar to that of the whites but significantly higher than that of the nigerian controls. correction for reduced mean red-cell age in patients was made by comparing the p.l.k.: g.-6- ...	1978	76019
impairment of the immune response to vaccination after acute malaria.	children with acute malaria were vaccinated with salmonella typhi and meningococcal vaccines at varying times after the onset of their illness. the immune response to both vaccines was depressed when they were given on the day of presentation at hospital. immune responsiveness to s. typhi vaccine was rapidly regained after treatment, but a month after the attack the immune response to meningococcal vaccine was still impaired.	1978	78096
transient changes in serum lipoproteins during antimalarial therapy and malaria.		1978	80548
malaria and immunology.		1978	81994
the malaria/g.-6-p.d. hypothesis.		1979	86896
increasing incidence of malaria in britain.		1979	87705
fansidar resistant falciparum malaria in indonesia.		1979	89577
chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum from east africa: cultivation and drug sensitivity of the tanzanian i/cdc strain from an american tourist.	a strain of plasmodium falciparum, designated tanzanian i/cdc, from an american tourist returning from tanzania, was isolated in vitro and in the aotus monkey. clinically, the infection showed a late recrudescent pattern of chloroquine resistance. in 2 inoculated aotus monkeys, the infection recrudesced after a dose of chloroquine (40 mg/kg) curative for sensitive p. falciparum strains in the aotus monkey. in 4 ,dditional monkeys two primary infections and one of the recrudescent parasitaemias w ...	1979	91887
chloroquine-resistant plasmodium falciparum in africa.		1979	92720
recent advances in applied malaria immunology.	our present knowledge of cellular and humoral factors which are involved in immunity to plasmodial infections are discussed. immunization against plasmodial infection has been achieved in birds, rodents, simians, and humans. avian hosts have been immunized against gametocytes which resulted in inhibition of gametocytes within the mosquito vector. immunization of humans against plasmodial gametocytes would indirectly protect them against malaria by blocking mosquito transmission to other suscepti ...	1979	93828
severe malaria and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency: a reappraisal of the malaria/g-6-p.d. hypothesis.	nigerian children with convulsions and plasmodium falciparium parasitaemia above 100,000/microliter did not show a decreased frequency of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (g.-6-p.d.) deficiency. a re-evaluation of earlier studies has led to the conclusion that clinical evidence of protection against falciparum malaria in g.-6-p.d.-deficient individuals is lacking. evidence for the possible role of malaria in selecting for g.-6-p.d.-deficient genes consists solely of the geographical association ...	1979	85108
inhibition of the in vitro growth of plasmodium falciparum. i. the effects of immune serum and purified immunoglobulin from owl monkeys.	sera from aotus sp. monkeys (karyotypes ii, iii, and iv) which were immune to plasmodium falciparum have been used to inhibit the in vitro growth of this human malaria parasite. culture conditions used for the assays allowed 50- to 100-fold increases in the number of a+ erythrocytes infected in a 96-hr period in control cultures. although normal monkey serum did not support growth as well as normal human serum, mixtures of normal monkey and human serum were found that did. compared to such contr ...	1979	113460
studies on the 2,4-diamino-6-substituted quinazolines. ii. activities of selected derivatives against infections with various drug-susceptible and drug-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax in owl monkeys.	four 6-thio-, one 6-sulfinyl-, and two 6-sulfonyl-substituted 2,4-diaminoquinazolines were evaluated for capacities to cure established infections with the chloroquine-resistant vietnam oak knoll and pyrimethamine-resistant malayan camp-ch/q strains of plasmodium falciparum in owl monkeys. as compared with the doses of standard drugs required for cure of infections with drug-susceptible strains or doses of the newly developed aminoalcohols required for cure of either drug-susceptible or drug-res ...	1979	114065
studies on the 2,4-diamino-6-substituted quinazolines. iii. the capacity of sulfadiazine to enhance the activities of wr-158,122 and wr-159,412 against infections with various drug-susceptible and drug-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax in owl monkeys.	previous studies showed: 1) that the activities of the 2,4-diamino-6-substituted quinazolines. wr-158,122 and wr-159,412, against plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infections in owl monkeys, were seriously impaired when infecting strains were pyrimethamine-resistant; and 2) that primary treatment failure with either agent led frequently to emergence of parasites resistant to these derivatives. taking advantage of the potencies of wr-158,122 and wr-159,412 as dihydrofolic acid reductase ...	1979	114066
comparative studies on dihydrofolate reductases from plasmodium falciparum and aotus trivirgatus.	dihydrofolate reductase (e.c. 1.5.1.3) from plasmodium falciparum and from its host, the owl monkey (aotus trivirgatus), were partially purified and characterized. the molecular weight of the parasite enzyme was estimated to be over 10 times as high as that of the host enzyme. the host enzyme had 2 ph optima whereas the parasite enzyme only one. the activity of the host enzyme was greatly stimulated by kcl and urea, while that of the parasite enzyme was inhibited at high concentrations of such c ...	1979	44526
plasmodium falciparum: microaerophilic requirements in human red blood cells.		1979	36286
studies on the west african i strain of plasmodium falciparum in aotus trivirgatus monkeys.	the west african i strain of plasmodium falciparum was isolated from a commercial airline pilot who had an overnight stay in nigeria. once established in the aotus trivirgatus griseimembra monkey, the parasite produced high parasitemias and readily infected mosquitoes. anopheles freeborni and an. maculatus mosquitoes transmitted the infection to additional animals. infected salivary glands were also seen in an. culcifacies. comparative infectivity studies indicated the most susceptible mosquito ...	1979	117091
plasmodium falciparum: physiological interactions with the human sickle cell.		1979	33821