Publications

in vitro activity of linezolid and eperezolid, two novel oxazolidinone antimicrobial agents, against anaerobic bacteria.	linezolid (formerly u-100766) and eperezolid (formerly u-100592) are novel oxazolidinone antimicrobial agents that are active against multi-drug-resistant staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, corynebacteria, and mycobacteria. preliminary studies also demonstrated that the compounds inhibited some test strains of anaerobic bacteria. therefore, we extended the in vitro evaluation of these agents to include a total of 54 different anaerobic species. minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) value ...	1997	16887605
gram-positive resistance: challenge for the development of new antibiotics.	the incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-positive organisms is increasing despite advances in antibacterial therapy over the last 20 years. as the pathogens causing these infections are frequently resistant to most currently available antibacterials, they are extremely difficult to treat. problematic pathogens include strains of streptococcus pneumoniae resistant to beta-lactams and macrolides, viridans group streptococci resistant to beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, enter ...	1997	9511055
[actinobacteriosis of paranasal sinuses].	on the base the review of literature and own case the authors presents diagnostic difficulties and therapy of paranasal sinuses actinobacteriosis. actinobacteriosis of sinuses is very rare case and diagnostic analysis based on mycologic and histopathologic investigations. in our case sinuses actinobacteriosis orbital abscess complication has been noted. antibiotic therapy and surgical treatment have been used in this case.	1997	9518322
fungi in therapy-resistant apical periodontitis.	the occurrence of yeasts in 967 microbiological endodontic samples taken from root canals in persistent endodontic infections was studied. the sampling was done by general practitioners in various parts of finland from root canal infections which did not respond favourably to standard conservative therapy. the samples were cultivated aerobically on a non-selective enriched horse blood agar medium, on tsbv agar medium in 5% co2 and anaerobically on horse blood agar medium. micro-organisms were fo ...	1997	10332243
post-caesarean septicaemia in kandang kerbau hospital, singapore, 1993-1995.	we reviewed all documented cases of septicaemia following caesarean deliveries in kandang kerbau hospital between 1st january 1993 to 31st december 1995. there were 22 cases of septicaemia among 8201 caesarean births, and hence the incidence is 2.7:1000. there were 45,412 deliveries, and the overall caesarean section rate was 18.1%. among the 22 documented cases of septicaemia which came under this study, the most common clinical conditions found were endomyometritis (7 cases), urinary tract inf ...	1997	10968108
the microbial spectrum of brain abscess with special reference to anaerobic bacteria.	the bacteriological and clinical findings of 18 cases of brain abscess are presented. identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic strains was performed both by conventional methods and the newer rapid ana ii panel and e-test methods, respectively. characterization of the anaerobic isolates was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). anaerobic or aerobic organisms alone were recovered in three (16.6%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic in another three (16.6%) pati ...	1998	11013664
a prospective, randomized, clinical study to compare the clinical safety, effectiveness, and cost of oral ofloxacin/clindamycin vs intravenous clindamycin/gentamicin for the treatment of postpartum endomyometritis.	objective: the primary objective of this prospective, randomized, clinical study was to compare the safety, clinical and microbiologic efficacy, and cost of oral ofloxacin in combination with clindamycin vs intravenous (iv) clindamycin/gentamicin in the early empiric treatment for hospitalized patients with mild to moderate postpartum endomyometritis. the secondary objective is to reduce total hospital and patient treatment cost. postpartum endomyometritis is a major cause of infectious morbidit ...	1998	10838268
coronal leakage: endotoxin penetration from mixed bacterial communities through obturated, post-prepared root canals.	coronal leakage has been considered as one of the major causes of failure in root canal treatment. bacteria have been shown to penetrate the root canal obturating materials and influence the periapical tissues. endotoxin, a component of gram-negative bacteria, is a potent inflammatory agent and may be able to penetrate obturating materials faster than bacteria. this in vitro study examined the possible penetration of post-prepared canals by endotoxin and bacterial cells derived from mixed bacter ...	1998	9922745
[bilateral tubo-ovarian actinomycosis and rheumatoid arthritis].		1998	9974016
intra-operative ultrasound-guided drainage of parotid abscess.	parotitis complicated by parotid abscess remains a potentially life-threatening problem. conventional surgical treatment involves incising the parotid parenchyma in the direction of the facial nerve until the abscess is located and evacuated. intra-operative ultrasound greatly assists in localizing the abscess and in ensuring its complete drainage. expeditious and exact localization of the abscess reduces operative time. equally importantly, ultrasound-assisted drainage reduces surgical dissecti ...	1998	10197156
microbiology of necrotizing fasciitis associated with omphalitis in the newborn infant.	the purpose of this study was to report the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of periumbilical necrotizing fasciitis in newborn infants.	1998	9527941
aerobic and anaerobic infection associated with malignancy.	the goal of this work was to study the microbiology and clinical characteristics of patients with infections associated with malignancy treated over a period of 17 years. a total of 668 specimens were obtained from 605 patients. the malignancies include 224 hematological malignancies and 381 nonhematogenic malignancies. anaerobic bacteria only were isolated in 201 (30%) specimens, aerobic bacteria in 226 (34%), mixed aerobic-anaerobic bacteria in 231 (35%) and candida spp. in 10 (1%). a total of ...	1998	9540171
microbiology of liver and spleen abscesses.	to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of liver and spleen abscesses and correlate the results with predisposing factors, potential causes and routes of infection, clinical and laboratory data of 48 patients with liver abscesses and 29 with spleen abscesses treated between 1970 and 1990 were reviewed retrospectively. in liver abscesses, a total of 116 isolates (2.4 isolates/specimen) was obtained; 43 were aerobic and facultative species (0.9 isolates/specimen) and 73 were anaerobic spec ...	1998	9856643
[bacterial flora in pharyngitis and tonsillitis].	the aim of the study was a microbiological analysis of pharyngeal swabs obtained from 158 patients with the diagnosis of pharyngitis and purulent exudates from the tonsillar crypts of 10 patients treated for chronic purulent tonsillitis. beta haemolytic streptococci groups a, b, c and g were isolated from 30% of the patients. the most frequently isolated were streptococcus pyogenes--12% of patients and streptococcus group c--10.7%. other streptococci were isolated less frequently: streptococcus ...	1998	9857615
microbiologic characteristics of persistent otitis media.	to identify the pathogens isolated from children with acute otitis media who did not respond to antimicrobial drug therapy.	1998	9865757
recurrent acute suppurative thyroiditis in a child: case report.	a 23-month-old girl presented with a history of persistent fever and growing left anterior neck mass following an upper respiratory tract infection. laboratory studies revealed leukocytosis, elevated levels of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and c-reactive protein, and a mild impairment of thyroid function. thyroid scan showed a decreased radioactive iodine uptake of the left thyroid gland. culture of the thyroid aspirate grew the mixed flora, viridans streptococci, prevotella spp, and peptos ...	1998	10496157
[endogenous intragastrical microflora in gastric cancer]	the aim of this prospective study was to identify the type of microbial flora and additionally to correlate the total number of microorganisms with factors such as age, tumoral area, and the ph gastric in unaffected gastric mucosal biopsies obtained during gastrojejunostomy (n=5) or gastrectomy (n=1) in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (n=15) or lymphoma (n=1) at the belen hospital, trujillo, peru, between january 1, 1996 and april 30,1998. the mean age of the patients was 54.4 + 18.3 years ...	1998	12209218
[bacteriological study of chronic maxillary sinusitis in adults and observation of susceptibility to antibiotics].	the unilateral mucosal samples were taken from 42 patients and were cultured for bacteria. meanwhile, the antimicrobial susceptibility was determined for 11 antibiotics and the beta-lactamase-producing bacteria(beta lpb) were examined. in 85.71% of all samples, bacterial growth was present. anaerobic bacteria were present in 21.43% of cases. predominant aerobic bacteria were alpha-hemolytic streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci. predominant anaerobic bacteria were peptostreptococcus ...	1998	11263213
[a bacteriology analysis from infected root canals of human deciduous teeth]	objective: to provide a basis for therapy and prevention, the flora of infected root canals of human deciduous teeth was analyzed.methods: by immediate-enzyme method, the bacteria compositions of 22 cases with infected root canals of deciduous teeth, including 8 cases with acute periapical inflammation and 14 with chronic ones, were examined. results: among 240 strains bactera, 200 strains were obligate anaerobes, belonging to the genera peptostreptococcus, bacteriodes, veillonella, eubacterrum, ...	1998	15071650
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of dacryocystitis.	to investigate the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of dacryocystitis.	1998	9559743
the sequences of small proteins are not extensively optimized for rapid folding by natural selection.	the thermodynamic stabilities of small protein domains are clearly subject to natural selection, but it is less clear whether the rapid folding rates typically observed for such proteins are consequences of direct evolutionary optimization or reflect intrinsic physical properties of the polypeptide chain. this issue can be investigated by comparing the folding rates of laboratory-generated protein sequences to those of naturally occurring sequences provided that the method by which the sequences ...	1998	9560214
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of retroperitoneal abscesses.	the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of various types of retroperitoneal abscesses was studied by review of the clinical and laboratory data for 161 patients treated between 1974 and 1990 for such abscesses. these included 109 anterior, 8 posterior, 21 retrofascial, and 23 pelvic retroperitoneal abscesses. a total of 472 organisms (2.9 isolates/specimen)--204 aerobic and facultative (1.3/specimen), and 268 anaerobic (1.7/specimen)--were recovered. aerobes only were recovered from 34 abscesses ...	1998	9564479
supernatant cytotoxicity and proteolytic activity of selected oral bacteria against human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.	the purpose of this study was to determine if endodontic bacterial act in vitro on human gingival fibroblast functions via extracellular products. the bacteria used were prevotella nigrescens, capnocytophaga ochracea, peptostreptoccocus micros and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. supernatants were collected from bacterial cultures at the beginning of the stationary phase when their density was similar. toxins that inhibited fibroblast proliferation were found in all culture supernatants of ...	1998	9569986
ammonia-hyperproducing bacteria from new zealand ruminants.	pasture-grazed dairy cows, deer, and sheep were tested for the presence of ammonia-hyperproducing (hap) bacteria in roll tubes containing a medium in which tryptone and casamino acids were the sole nitrogen and energy sources. colonies able to grow on this medium represented 5.2, 1.3, and 11.6% of the total bacterial counts of dairy cows, deer, and sheep, respectively. a total of 14 morphologically distinct colonies were purified and studied further. restriction fragment length polymorphisms of ...	1998	9572953
effect of red blood cells on the growth of porphyromonas endodontalis and microbial community development.	establishment of a microbial community in the root canal system depends on numerous factors, of which nutrient availability may be one of the most important. we hypothesized that the presence of red blood cells or hemoglobin in this environment could cause shifts in microbial composition of communities, resulting in organisms such as porphyromonas endodontalis becoming more dominant. an in vitro model system using mixed, batch cultures was performed with the bacteria p. endodontalis, fusobacteri ...	1998	9573801
subgingival microbiota of shallow periodontal pockets in individuals after head and neck irradiation.	this study aimed at investigating the subgingival plaque microorganisms of shallow pockets (< or = 5 mm) in subjects who previously received irradiation in the head and neck region for treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. direct microscopy and anaerobic culture were used. subgingival paper point samples were taken from 6 tooth-sites (one/sextant) per subject for direct microscopy (n = 108). another set of paper points was taken from the deepest of the previously selected sites (one per subject ...	1998	9573815
prevalence of peptostreptococcus micros morphotypes in patients with adult periodontitis.	the prevalence of the smooth and rough colonial morphotypes of peptostreptococcus micros was examined with culture technique in 123 patients with adult periodontitis (age 24-68 years). of all subgingival samples, 91% contained the smooth morphotype of p. micros. the smooth morphotype constituted a mean percentage of the total anaerobic viable biota of 6.0%, with a range of 0.02-35.7%. of these samples, 49% contained colonies of the rough morphotype as well, with a mean percentage of the total an ...	1998	9573826
infected stingray injury.		1998	9576395
tracheal botryomycosis in a patient with tracheopathia osteochondroplastica.	tracheal botryomycosis has never been reported in the literature. a 68 year old man presented with progressive dyspnoea and an exophytic mass below the vocal cords was found by bronchoscopy. pathological study of the mass showed tracheal botryomycosis probably associated with peptostreptococcus spp infection. the patient was given intravenous penicillin for six weeks. tracheal obstruction necessitated tracheal resection and the surgical specimen revealed typical findings of tracheopathia osteoch ...	1998	9577526
aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of otorrhea associated with tympanostomy tubes in children.	the microbiology of in 55 ear aspirates obtained from 34 children with chronic otorrhea was studied. aspiration of the middle ear exudate was done immediately following removal of tympanostomy tube (tt). the middle ear aspirates and swab specimens of the external auditory canals were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. sixty-five isolates were recovered only from the middle ears, 73 only from the external ear canals, and 73 were present at both sites. analysis of the 138 middle ear isol ...	1998	9583788
[subacute infectious endocarditis in prosthetic valve by peptostreptococcus micros].		1998	9586375
bacterial interference in the nasopharynx following antimicrobial therapy of acute otitis media.	the effect on the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora of therapy for 10 days with co-amoxiclav or cefprozil was studied in 50 children with acute otitis media. before therapy, potential pathogens (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis) were isolated in 14 (56%) of those treated with co-amoxiclav and 15 (60%) of those treated with cefprozil. following therapy, the reduction in the number of these pathogens was the same in the two groups. however, differences betwee ...	1998	9598781
aminopeptidase activities in peptostreptococcus spp. are statistically correlated to gelatin hydrolysis.	one hundred peptostreptococcus isolates from five species were assessed for their ability to hydrolyze gelatin. most peptostreptococcus magnus (95.8%) and peptostreptococcus micros isolates (79.0%) hydrolyzed gelatin in contrast to peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus (8.0%), peptostreptococcus anaerobius (10.0%), and peptostreptococcus prevotii isolates (16.7%). gelatin hydrolysis in peptostreptococcus magnus and peptostreptococcus micros isolates correlated (r = 0.80; p = 0.0019) with more amin ...	1998	9606913
partial purification of an iron-dependent l-serine dehydratase from clostridium sticklandii.	an oxygen-sensitive and highly unstable l-serine dehydratase was partially purified from the gram-positive anaerobe clostridium sticklandii. the final active preparation contained five proteins of 27, 30, 44.5, 46, and 58 kda as judged by sds-page. the n-terminal sequence of the 30 kda subunit showed some similarity to the alpha-subunits of the iron-containing l-serine dehydratases from clostridium propionicum and peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus. oxygen-inactivated l-serine dehydratase from ...	1998	9637015
osteomyelitis of the fibula due to septic embolism: a rare complication of a graft enteric erosion. case report.	we report the case of a 70-year-old female who experienced a graft enteric erosion (gee) three years after a right aorto-femoral bypass. she was treated by right axillo-femoral bypass, removal of the aortic prosthesis and direct aortic suture. the duodenum was stitched up and separated from the aorta by omentoplasty. bacteriological culture of the removed graft identified escherichia coli and peptostreptococcus. antibiotic therapy consisting of amoxicillin and gentamycin was given for seven days ...	1998	9639000
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of infections after trauma in children.	to review the recovery of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from infections after trauma in children over a 20 year period.	1998	9639177
development of an anaerobic bacterial leakage model.	the majority of bacteria associated with infections of endodontic origin are strict anaerobes. the purpose of this study was to develop an endodontic microleakage model using strict anaerobic bacteria in a two-chamber system. nine species of anaerobic bacteria were tested for viability and detection by either turbidity or color change of the broth. a survey of ph chromogenic substrates revealed that bromcresol purple (ph 5.2 = yellow, ph 6.8 = purple) could be used as a chromogenic indicator to ...	1998	9641124
endodontic pathogens stimulate monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 in mononuclear cells.	microbial infection of the dental pulp leads to the recruitment of leukocytes and the formation of lesions of endodontic origin. the chemokines interleukin-8 (il-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1) are relatively specific chemoattractants for neutrophils and monocytes, respectively. in the present studies, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated by streptococcus mutants, porphyromonas endodontalis, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius, which are associated with lesions of e ...	1998	9641137
[antimicrobial activity of macrolides against clinical isolates].	antimicrobial activity of 6 macrolides was determined using a micro-broth dilution method, against 535 clinical isolates of 22 species, which were isolated in 1996 from 325 facilities in japan. results were as follows. 1. in general, antimicrobial activities of 14-membered macrolides were higher than those of 16-membered macrolides. the antimicrobial activities of 14-membered macrolides were in the order of clarithromycin (cam), erythromycin (em), roxithromycin (rxm). among 16-membered macrolide ...	1998	9644599
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of chronic venous ulcers.	the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of chronic venous leg ulcers (cvlu) is unclear. the objective of the study was to establish the aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cvlu.	1998	9646126
microbiology of cervical lymphadenitis in adults.	the microbiology of needle aspirates from 40 inflamed cervical lymph glands was studied for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, fungi and mycobacteria. forty-two bacterial, 11 mycobacterial and six fungal isolates were isolated. aerobic bacteria only were recovered in 11 (27.5%), anaerobes alone in five (12.5%) and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in seven (17.5%). mycobacterium sp. were recovered in 11 (27.5%) and fungi in six (15%). the recovery of anaerobes was associated with dental infectio ...	1998	9655225
comparative in vitro activity of bay 12-8039 and five other antimicrobial agents against anaerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activity of bay 12-8039 against 360 anaerobic clinical isolates was determined by the agar dilution method and compared to that of five other antimicrobial agents. bay 12-8039 and imipenem were the most active agents tested. the following mic90 values were determined for bay 12-8039: peptostreptococcus spp. (50 isolates), 1 mg/l; propionibacterium acnes (30 isolates). 0.25 mg/l; clostridium perfringens (30 isolates), 0.5 mg/l; clostridium difficile (50 isolates), 2 mg/l; bacteroides ...	1998	9665302
semiquantitative bacteriology of closed odontogenic abscesses.	pus samples from twenty-three dentoalveolar abscesses were collected by needle aspiration and examined by direct inoculation technique using 6 different aerobic and anaerobic agar plates. for aerobic culture, sheep blood agar and chocolate agar (kyokuto pharmaceutical co., tokyo, japan) were used. for anaerobic culture, four different media, 1) brucella hk agar with hemolyzed rabbit blood and defibrillated sheep blood, 2) paramomycin-vancomycin brucella hk agar with hemolyzed rabbit blood, 3) ph ...	1998	9667143
management of an infected hematometrocolpos in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and vaginal stenosis.		1998	9679917
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of am-1155 in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology.	am-1155 is a new 8-methoxyquinolonecarboxylic acid with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. it inhibited more than 90% of clinical isolates of streptococcus agalactiae, escherichia coli, peptostreptococcus magnus, bacteroides fragilis and prevotella bivia at the concentration of 3.13 mg/l. the antibacterial activity of am-1155 was almost equal to that of sparfloxacin. the in vivo efficacy of am-1155 was evaluated using a polymicrobial pyometra (e. coli and b. fragilis) model of rats. the ...	1998	9681200
experimental root canal infections in conventional and germ-free mice.	a small animal model was evaluated to study the interrelationships between microorganisms after their implantation in root canals (inferior central incisors) using germ-free (gf) and conventional (cv) mice. the selected microorganisms were: porphyromonas endodontalis (atcc 35406), eubacterium lentum (atcc 25559), peptostreptococcus anaerobius (atcc 27337), fusobacterium nucleatum (atcc 10953), escherichia coli (atcc 25922), and enterococcus faecalis (atcc 4083). only p. anaerobius, e. coli, and ...	1998	9693583
female genital tract bacterial coisolates with candida albicans in patients without clinical vaginitis.	in vitro, candida albicans has demonstrated the ability to inhibit replication of selected bacteria. little information exists on the impact of c. albicans on the vaginal bacterial flora in vivo. the purpose of this study is to identify the coexisting bacterial flora when c. albicans is isolated from vaginal cultures submitted to a hospital-based testing facility for reasons other than vulvovaginitis.	1998	9702585
ovarian abscess caused by peptostreptococcus magnus following transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of ovarian endometrioma and fixation with pure ethanol.	transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of ovarian endometrioma has been applied and emphasized as a safe and simple procedure.	1998	9702588
[a case report of epidural abscess due to anaerobic bacteria, producing a mass of gas].	a 54-year-old female was admitted to our hospital on may 8, 1996, for evaluation of fever and headache. her cerebrospinal fluid showed elevation of the cell count and total protein. the thoracic and lumbar mris revealed abnormal gas occupying the epidural space at the sacral level, and extended as high as 9th thoracic level. the gas spread inside the iliopsoas and paraspinal muscles. anaerobic bacteria such as bacteroides fragilis and peptostreptococcus productus were cultured from the spinal fl ...	1998	9711118
superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis in children, caused by anaerobic bacteria.	the purpose of this study was to present the microbiology and clinical features of six children with superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis (sst) caused by anaerobic bacteria.	1998	9722004
subgingival microbial profile of papillon-lefèvre patients assessed by dna-probes.	the prevalence of 18 selected bacterial species was assessed by means of "checkerboard" dna-dna hybridisation in a group of 12 saudi-arabian adolescents with papillon-lefèvre syndrome. a total of 36 tooth sites were investigated. the patients exhibited severe periodontal disease with deep pockets. all 12 patients harboured the putative bacterial pathogens p. intermedia, f. nucleatum, p. micros and s. intermedius while t. denticola, b. forsythus, p. nigrescens, e. corrodens, s. noxia and c. rectu ...	1998	9722266
oral microbiota in smokers and non-smokers in natural and experimentally-induced gingivitis.	the present study primarily aimed at investigating the oral microbiota in smokers and non-smokers with established gingivitis and monitoring its composition during experimental gingivitis. secondly, it aimed at examining whether the composition of the microbiota is associated with different levels of gingival inflammation during this experimental gingivitis trial. for this purpose, 25 non-dental university students with gingivitis were recruited. 11 subjects were smokers and 14 were non-smokers. ...	1998	9722273
preterm birth: associations with genital and possibly oral microflora.	opportunistic pathogenic microbes are indigenous to the female lower genital tract and etiologic in many types of pelvic infections and, apparently, a portion of preterm birth (ptb) cases. bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a clinical syndrome based on an altered genital microflora in which gardnerella vaginalis; anaerobic species primarily among prevotella, porphyromonas, bacteroides, peptostreptococcus, and mobiluncus; mycoplasma hominis; and ureaplasma urealyticum become predominant in vaginal secre ...	1998	9722706
in vitro activities of e1101, a novel oral cephalosporin, against bacteria causing infections in obstetric and gynecological patients.	e1101 is a new oral cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. it inhibited more than 90% of clinical isolates of streptococcus agalactiae, escherichia coli and peptostreptococcus magnus at the concentration of 3.13 mg/l. e1101 was the most active agent against s. agalactiae and e. coli. since none of the compounds was sufficiently active against the bacteroides fragilis and prevotella bivia isolates, they are not appropriate in the treatment of patients with infections cause ...	1998	9732148
in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility and molecular analysis of anaerobic bacteria isolated in cape town, south africa.	one hundred and twenty-three anaerobic isolates from cape town, south africa, were tested in vitro against cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, co-amoxiclav, benzylpenicillin and clindamycin. forty-five gram-positive organisms were tested against rp59500 (a streptogramin). resistance in the gram-positive isolates was as follows: of the clostridium perfringens isolates, 4% were resistant to benzylpenicillin and 4% to clindamycin; of the peptostreptococcus anaerobius isolates, 10% were resis ...	1998	9738844
increased antibody production against gut-colonizing escherichia coli in the presence of the anaerobic bacterium peptostreptococcus.	germ-free rats were colonized with e. coli alone, or with e. coli plus lactobacillus acidophilus and a strain of the obligate anaerobic gram-positive species, peptostreptococcus. the presence of peptostreptococcus reduced translocation of e. coli, but increased the serum antibody response to e. coli antigen. whereas the immunoglobulin g (igg) anti-e. coli antibodies largely represented cross-reactive antibodies, those of the immunoglobulin m (igm) isotype represented true anti-e. coli antibodies ...	1998	9743213
protein la, a novel hybrid protein with unique single-chain fv antibody- and fab-binding properties.	existing ig-binding proteins all suffer from limitations in their binding spectrum. in the pursuit of the ultimate, non-restricted, ig-binding protein, we have constructed the hybrid protein la, by fusing four of the ig kappa light-chain-binding domains of peptostreptococcal protein l with four of the iggfc- and fab-binding regions of staphylococcal protein a. ligand-blot experiments demonstrated that the l and the a components were both functional in the hybrid, as the protein was shown to bind ...	1998	9874260
oropharynx microbiota among alcoholics and non-alcoholics.	the oropharynx microbiota plays an important role in the origin of infections, especially among alcoholics whose airway defenses are impaired.	1998	9876451
trichomonas tenax empyema in an immunocompromised patient with advanced cancer.	a 53-year-old male acromegalic patient with advanced rectal adenocarcinoma developed pleuritis in the course of cobalt irradiation, steroid treatment and chemotherapy. examination of drained pleural fluid demonstrated numerous motile organisms, which were identified as trichomonas tenax by giemsa staining. peptostreptococcus micros was also detected in the cultures of pleural fluid and blood. treatment with metronidazole successfully eliminated the protozoa and cured the pyothorax.	1998	9879561
a commensal symbiosis between prevotella bivia and peptostreptococcus anaerobius involves amino acids: potential significance to the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis.	in both batch and continuous culture, peptostreptococcus anaerobius was able to grow in vaginal defined medium with prevotella bivia, but not in pure culture. growth of p. anaerobius was increased by 238% (p < 0.001) in peptone-supplemented vaginal defined medium conditioned by prior growth of p. bivia. analysis of p. bivia culture supernatants showed a net accumulation of amino acids and subsequent growth of p. anaerobius in the conditioned supernatants resulted generally in amino acid utilizat ...	1998	9879923
pathogenicity of peptostreptococcus micros morphotypes and prevotella species in pure and mixed culture.	recently, an atypical rough colony morphotype of peptostreptococcus micros, a species which is found in ulcerating infections, including periodontitis, was isolated. the virulence of morphotypes alone and in combination with prevotella intermedia and p. nigrescens was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. all strains tested induced abscesses containing fluid pus in a mouse skin model, and lesions caused by monocultures of the rough morphotype strains of p. micros were statistically significant ...	1998	9879956
[clinical evaluation of lung abscess diagnosed by transtracheal aspiration].	we have diagnosed lung abscess according to findings of infiltration with cavity formation on chest x-ray and/or ct-scan and pathogens isolated from transtracheal aspirates. we evaluated the clinical features of 20 patients with lung abscess (18 males and 2 females, mean age; 54.3 years). diabetus mellitus and periodontal diseases were prominent underlying diseases in patients with lung abscess. cough was complained in 13 patients, chest or back pain in 9, purulent sputum in 8 and hemosputum in ...	1998	9884505
microbiology of perianal cellulitis in children: comparison of skin swabs and needle aspiration.	to establish the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of perianal cellulitis in children, comparing skin swab and needle aspirate methodology.	1998	9888333
spondylitis caused by peptostreptococcus.	peptostreptococcus is an anaerobic gram-positive coccus that is encountered in dental and sinus infections, pelvic infections in women, osteomyelitis, arthritis, skin and soft-tissues infections, conjunctivitis and bacteraemia [1,2]. we report here, what is to our knowledge, the first cases of spondylitis with discitis caused by peptostreptococcus.	1998	9890688
comparative anti-anaerobic activity of men 10700, a penem antibiotic.	the in vitro activity of men 10700, a new penem, has been compared with that of metronidazole, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, co-amoxiclav, imipenem and three third generation cephalosporins against 120 strains of anaerobes. the organisms tested comprised clostridium perfringens, clostridium difficile, bacteroides fragilis and speciated members of the genera fusobacterium, veillonella and peptostreptococcus. men 10700 showed activity similar to that of imipenem, and was more potent than metronidazo ...	1998	9916909
phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization of ruminal tannin-tolerant bacteria.	the 16s rrna sequences and selected phenotypic characteristics were determined for six recently isolated bacteria that can tolerate high levels of hydrolyzable and condensed tannins. bacteria were isolated from the ruminal contents of animals in different geographic locations, including sardinian sheep (ovis aries), honduran and colombian goats (capra hircus), white-tail deer (odocoileus virginianus) from upstate new york, and rocky mountain elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni) from oregon. nearly compl ...	1998	9758806
[peptostreptococcus magnus osteoarticular infections after orthopedic surgery. 14 cases and pathogenicity factors].	we report a retrospective study of 14 peptostreptococcus magnus bone and joint infections, following orthopaedic prostheses or implantation of fixation devices, diagnosed in two paris hospitals between 1992 and 1996. five patients experienced a knee joint infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with 4 artificial grafts, and 9 caught joint or wound infections, after limb traumatic injuries or bone neoplastic ruptures involving femur, tibia, calcaneum and humerus, treated by arth ...	1998	9769879
[in vitro activity of 10 antibiotics including pristinamycin and its two components (rp 12536 and 27404) against strict anaerobes].	the activities of the pristinamycin and its two components (rp 12536 and rp 27404) were investigated using the reference agar dilution method m11a3, on 175 anaerobic strains in comparison with that of erythromycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, amoxycillin either alone or combined with clavulanic acid, piperacillin, cefoxitin, cefotetan and cefotaxime. beta-lactamase production was detected for all the 55 b. fragilis group strains and 8/12 prevotella and 2/18 fusobacterium strains, respectively. o ...	1998	9769928
sinusitis in neurologically impaired children.	the microbiologic features of infected sinus aspirates in nine children with neurologic impairment were studied. anaerobic bacteria, always mixed with aerobic and facultative bacteria, were isolated in 6 (67%) aspirates and aerobic bacteria only in 3 (33%). there were 24 bacterial isolates, 12 aerobic or facultative and 12 anaerobic. the predominant aerobic isolates were klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus (2 each) and proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, hae ...	1998	9781990
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of infection after trauma.	clinical and laboratory data from 1973 to 1988 were retrospectively reviewed to study the microbiology of infection following trauma. a total of 368 specimens obtained from 340 trauma patients showed bacterial growth. the traumas included lacerations (163), blunt trauma (76), penetrating trauma (65), bites (20), and open fractures (10). anaerobic bacteria only were isolated in 119 (32%) specimens, aerobic bacteria only in 58 (16%), and mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora in 191 (52%). a total of 444 a ...	1998	9786544
limited internal friction in the rate-limiting step of a two-state protein folding reaction.	small, single-domain proteins typically fold via a compact transition-state ensemble in a process well fitted by a simple, two-state model. to characterize the rate-limiting conformational changes that underlie two-state folding, we have investigated experimentally the effects of changing solvent viscosity on the refolding of the igg binding domain of protein l. in conjunction with numerical simulations, our results indicate that the rate-limiting conformational changes of the folding of this do ...	1998	9811844
microorganisms in closed periapical lesions.	the purpose of this study was to investigate the microorganisms of strictly selected closed periapical lesions associated with both refractory endodontic therapy and pulpal calcification. definitive criteria were established that assured complete clinical isolation of the periapical lesion from the oral and periodontal environment. a total of 13 criteria-referenced lesions were selected from 70 patients with endodontic surgical indications. a well controlled culturing method was used in all case ...	1998	9823127
recovery of anaerobic bacteria from a post-traumatic nasal septal abscess. a report of two cases.	this report presents 2 children (boys, 11 and 9 years old) who had post-traumatic nasal septal abscesses. cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria revealed peptostreptococcuus magnus and a beta-lactamase-producing prevotella intermedia in the first patient, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius, streptococcus intermedius, and prevotella melaninogenica in the second patient. anaerobic bacteria may play a role in nasal septal abscesses.	1998	9823846
survey of anaerobic susceptibility patterns: a french multicentre study.	in 1996, the in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of 463 anaerobes was measured in five hospitals using the reference agar dilution method. none of the 209 b. fragilis group strains showed resistance to imipenem or ticarcillin-clavulanic acid. high resistance rates (29%) were observed for cefotetan and clindamycin. beta-lactamase production was detected respectively in 64% of the prevotella and 7% of the fusobacterium strains. because the same standardized methods were used for many years, the aut ...	1998	9832284
additional clinical and microbiological effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole after initial periodontal therapy.	the aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of initial periodontal therapy (it) and to determine the additional effects of systemic amoxicillin (flemoxin solutab) 375 mg tid plus metronidazole 250 mg tid therapy, in patients with adult actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa)-associated periodontitis in conjunction with either porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), bacteroides forsythus (bf) and/or prevotella intermedia (pi). in addition the adverse effects of the a ...	1998	9846793
dacryocystitis caused by anaerobic bacteria in the newborn.		1998	9493822
microbial complexes in subgingival plaque.	it has been recognized for some time that bacterial species exist in complexes in subgingival plaque. the purpose of the present investigation was to attempt to define such communities using data from large numbers of plaque samples and different clustering and ordination techniques. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth in 185 subjects (mean age 51 +/- 16 years) with (n = 160) or without (n = 25) periodontitis. the presence and levels of 40 subgingival taxa ...	1998	9495612
purulent pericarditis secondary to candida parapsilosis and peptostreptococcus species.	purulent pericarditis secondary to candida pericarditis is a rare but lethal infection. the first case of pericardial infection by candida parapsilosis in combination with peptostreptococcus species in an immunocompetent nondebilitated individual is reported. urgent pericardiectomy was required after pericardial drainage failed to stop symptoms of tamponade. the etiology, microbiology and treatment of this unusual condition are reviewed.	1998	9487278
microbiology of nosocomial sinusitis in mechanically ventilated children.	to assess the bacteriology of nosocomial sinusitis in mechanically ventilated children.	1998	9440778
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a new carbapenem bo-2727 for use in obstetrics and gynecology.	the antibacterial activity of bo-2727 against 100 clinical isolates of streptococcus agalactiae (20 strains), escherichia coli (20 strains), peptostreptococcus magnus (20 strains), bacteroides fragilis (20 strains) and prevotella bivia (20 strains) was compared with those of imipenem, panipenem, meropenem, biapenem and ceftazidime (caz). minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) for 50% of tested strains (mic50s) of bo-2727 against s. agalactiae, e. coli, p. magnus, b. fragilis and p. bivia were ...	1998	9444403
bacteriology of inflamed and uninflamed epidermal inclusion cysts.	to determine whether inflamed and uninflamed epidermoid cysts differ in the number and/or type of bacteria inhabiting them.	1998	9449909
gram-positive anaerobic cocci.	gram-positive anaerobic cocci (gpac) are a heterogeneous group of organisms defined by their morphological appearance and their inability to grow in the presence of oxygen; most clinical isolates are identified to species in the genus peptostreptococcus. gpac are part of the normal flora of all mucocutaneous surfaces and are often isolated from infections such as deep organ abscesses, obstetric and gynecological sepsis, and intraoral infections. they have been little studied for several reasons, ...	1998	9457430
proficiencies of three anaerobic culture systems for recovering periodontal pathogenic bacteria.	anaerobic culture is employed routinely in the primary isolation of periodontal pathogenic bacteria. however, little or no data exist on the relative abilities of the coy anaerobic chamber (coy laboratory products, grass lake, mich.), the gaspak (becton dickinson microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.), and the anaeropack (mitsubishi gas chemical america, inc., new york, n.y.) systems to grow important periodontal species, including porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia/nigrescens, ba ...	1999	9854085
aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa.	a retrospective review of the microbiological and clinical data of 17 specimens obtained from axillary hidradenitis suppurativa (hs) over a period of 6 years was undertaken to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of this condition. a total of 42 bacterial isolates (2.5 per specimen) were obtained, 12 aerobic or facultative (0.7 per specimen) and 30 anaerobic or micro-aerophilic (1.8 per specimen). aerobic and facultative bacteria only were isolated in six (35%) cases, anaerobic bacteria ...	1999	9920133
purification and properties of nadh-dependent 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (metf) from escherichia coli.	a k-12 strain of escherichia coli that overproduces methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (metf) has been constructed, and the enzyme has been purified to apparent homogeneity. a plasmid specifying metf with six histidine residues added to the c terminus has been used to purify histidine-tagged metf to homogeneity in a single step by affinity chromatography on nickel-agarose, yielding a preparation with specific activity comparable to that of the unmodified enzyme. the native protein comprises fou ...	1999	9922232
[anaerobes analysis in 80 cases with ora maxillofacial infections]	objective:to define the infection types of 80 cases of ora-maxillofacial infection and investigate its anaerobes' distribution and the role of the anaerobes' metabolic products in their identification.methods:we isolated and cultured anaerobes from the purulent specimen and applied the gasliquid chromatograph (glc) technique to analyze the anaerobes' metabolic products to define their genera and species in the meantime.results:bacteria were isolated from all of the purulent specimen.isolation ra ...	1999	15048214
[bacterial pneumonia in hiv-infected patients]	patients and methods: this is a retrospective study performed on hiv-positive patients discharged from our institution from january 1993 through december 1998 with a diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia. cases of tb or atypical micobacterial infection were excluded from this analysis. causative organisms were identified, when possible, by taking into account positive cultures from diverse sources (blood, sputum, pleural fluid and others). results: in the 6-yr period we considered, 120 patients were ...	1999	12748443
peptostreptococcus ivorii-associated skin abscess in a hiv-infected patient.	peptostreptococcus ivorii, a recently described species of gram-positive anaerobic coccus, has so far rarely been found in human infections. the isolation of this anaerobe from a polybacterial skin abscess in a hiv-infected patient, which formed after antiretroviral therapy had been discontinued is reported. local treatment led to the abscess healing without specific antibiotics. as the type strain was isolated from a mixed infected leg ulcer, peptostreptococcus ivorii could play an important ro ...	1999	16887655
[the range of antagonistic effects of lactobacillus bacterial strains on etiologic agents of bacterial vaginosis].	bacterial vaginosis is caused by uncontrolled sequential overgrowth of some anaerobic bacteria: gardnerella vaginalis, prevotella bivia, bacteroides spp., peptostreptococcus spp., mobiluncus sp. usually occurring in stable numbers in the bacterial flora of healthy women. on the other hand, different species of bacteria belonging to the genus lactobacillus, most frequently l. plantarum, l. rhamnosus and l. acidophilus, form a group of aerobic bacteria dominating in the same environment. the diver ...	1999	10865430
[anaerobic infection and its rapid detection in surgical patients].	to investigate anaerobic infection and its rapid detection in surgical patients.	1999	11829950
acid production by vaginal flora in vitro is consistent with the rate and extent of vaginal acidification.	perinatally, and between menarche and menopause, increased levels of estrogen cause large amounts of glycogen to be deposited in the vaginal epithelium. during these times, the anaerobic metabolism of the glycogen, by the epithelial cells themselves and/or by vaginal flora, causes the vagina to become acidic (ph approximately 4). this study was designed to test whether the characteristics of acid production by vaginal flora in vitro can account for vaginal acidity. eight vaginal lactobacillus is ...	1999	10496892
tetracycline-coated polytetrafluoroethylene barrier membranes in the treatment of intraosseous periodontal lesions.	periodontal pathogens are detrimental to periodontal healing in barrier membrane-assisted periodontal therapy. tetracycline-coating of barrier membranes may reduce levels of infecting pathogens. this study evaluated the clinical and microbiological effects of tetracycline-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (t-eptfe) barrier membranes in the treatment of 2- to 3-wall intraosseous periodontal lesions around mandibular molars.	1999	10505803
microbiological understandings and mysteries of noma (cancrum oris).	the microbiologic history of noma was reviewed. studies have associated the disease process with large numbers of fusiform bacilli and spirochetal organisms. in order to study the microbiology of the staging and infection periods of noma 62 nigerian children, aged 3-14 years, 22 children had acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (anug) and were also malnourished, 20 exhibited no acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis but were malnourished and 20 were free of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingi ...	1999	10522213
in vitro susceptibility to pexiganan of bacteria isolated from infected diabetic foot ulcers.	during two clinical trials involving the treatment of 835 outpatients with infected diabetic foot ulcers, 2515 bacterial isolates, including 2337 aerobes and 178 anaerobes, were grown from cultures of the ulcers. the in vitro susceptibility of these isolates was determined to pexiganan, a peptide anti-infective evaluated in these clinical trials, and to other classes of antibiotics. pexiganan demonstrated broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobes and a ...	1999	10529881
beta-hemolytic streptococci and other beta-hemolytic organisms in apical periodontitis and severe marginal periodontitis.	thirteen teeth with necrotic pulps and apical periodontitis and nine severe periodontal pockets were cultured for presence of beta-hemolytic streptococci and other beta-hemolytic organisms. samples were dispersed and plated on two non-selective and one selective growth media and incubated anaerobically and in 10% co2 in air. a total of 59 beta-hemolytic colonies were purified and identified. eight beta-hemolytic streptococcal isolates were obtained from three of the severe marginal periodontitis ...	1999	10530151
dexamethasone differentially regulates cytokine transcription and translation in macrophages responding to bacteria or okadaic acid.	many microorganisms and microbial products induce expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 (il-1alpha/beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in macrophages, primarily by transcriptional activation. we show here, by using mouse macrophages in primary culture, that pre-treatment with dexamethasone inhibits bacteria-induced il-1beta expression as mrna and cellular pro-il-1beta in parallel, consistent with an effect primarily on transcriptional activation. in contra ...	1999	10530874
isolation of bacteria from cervical lymph nodes in patients with oral cancer.	thirty patients with oral mucosal cancer were studied in relation to oral mucosal damage and bacterial translocation to the regional lymph nodes in the neck. all 30 patients (gingiva 11, tongue 13, cheek mucosa four, oral floor two) underwent extensive, clean-contaminated, head-and-neck surgery (including neck dissection) with free flap reconstruction. a total of 153 lymph nodes was harvested for microbial and histological examination. viable bacteria were isolated from 70 lymph nodes (45.8%) fr ...	1999	10530911
activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) compared to those of other oral antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	the activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) and comparator agents were determined by an agar dilution method against 419 clinical strains of less-commonly identified species of anaerobes. gemifloxacin was generally more active than trovafloxacin against gram-positive strains by one to two dilutions. peptostreptococci (peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, peptostreptococcus magnus, peptostreptococcus micros, and peptostreptococcus prevotii) and porphyromonas spp. (porphyromonas asaccharol ...	1999	10543754
activities of telithromycin (hmr 3647, ru 66647) compared to those of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and other antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes.	the comparative activity of telithromycin (hmr 3647) against 419 human anaerobic isolates was determined by the agar dilution method. at concentrations of </=0.5 microgram/ml, telithromycin was active against actinomyces israelii, actinomyces odontolyticus, bacteroides tectum, bacteroides ureolyticus, bacteroides gracilis (now campylobacter gracilis), porphyromonas spp. (including porphyromonas gingivalis and porphyromonas macacae), prevotella intermedia, prevotella heparinolytica, and almost al ...	1999	10543769
in vitro utilization of amylopectin and high-amylose maize (amylomaize) starch granules by human colonic bacteria.	it has been well established that a certain amount of ingested starch can escape digestion in the human small intestine and consequently enters the large intestine, where it may serve as a carbon source for bacterial fermentation. thirty-eight types of human colonic bacteria were screened for their capacity to utilize soluble starch, gelatinized amylopectin maize starch, and high-amylose maize starch granules by measuring the clear zones on starch agar plates. the six cultures which produced cle ...	1999	10543795