Publications

effects of supernatants from escherichia coli nissle 1917 and faecalibacterium prausnitzii on intestinal epithelial cells and a rat model of 5-fluorouracil-induced mucositis.	faecalibacterium prausnitzii (fp) and escherichia coli nissle 1917 (ecn) are probiotics, which have been reported to ameliorate certain gastrointestinal disorders. we evaluated the effects of supernatants (sn) derived from fp and ecn on 5-fluorouracil (5-fu)-treated intestinal cells and in a rat model of mucositis. in vitro: iec-6, caco-2, and t-84 cells were analyzed for viability and monolayer permeability. in vivo: female dark agouti rats were gavaged with fp or ecn sn and injected intraperit ...	2017	28094590
gut microbiota differs between children with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy siblings in taxonomic and functional composition: a metagenomic analysis.	current treatment for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) patients is often ineffective, with serious side effects. manipulating the gut microbiota via fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) is an emerging treatment approach but remains controversial. we aimed to assess the composition of the fecal microbiome through a comparison of pediatric ibd patients to their healthy siblings, evaluating risks and prospects for fmt in this setting. a case-control (sibling) study was conducted analyzi ...	2017	28039159
metabolic adaptation to the aqueous leaf extract of moringa oleifera lam.-supplemented diet is related to the modulation of gut microbiota in mice.	the aqueous leaf extract of moringa oleifera lam. (lm-a) is reported to have many health beneficial bioactivities and no obvious toxicity, but have mild adverse effects. little is known about the mechanism of these reported adverse effects. notably, there has been no report about the influence of lm-a on intestinal microecology. in this study, animal experiments were performed to explore the relationships between metabolic adaptation to an lm-a-supplemented diet and gut microbiota changes. after ...	2017	28382453
microbial strain-level population structure and genetic diversity from metagenomes.	among the human health conditions linked to microbial communities, phenotypes are often associated with only a subset of strains within causal microbial groups. although it has been critical for decades in microbial physiology to characterize individual strains, this has been challenging when using culture-independent high-throughput metagenomics. we introduce strainphlan, a novel metagenomic strain identification approach, and apply it to characterize the genetic structure of thousands of strai ...	2017	28167665
faecalibacterium prausnitzii treatment improves hepatic health and reduces adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat fed mice.	faecalibacterium prausnitzii is considered as one of the most important bacterial indicators of a healthy gut. we studied the effects of oral f. prausnitzii treatment on high-fat fed mice. compared to the high-fat control mice, f. prausnitzii-treated mice had lower hepatic fat content, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and increased fatty acid oxidation and adiponectin signaling in liver. hepatic lipidomic analyses revealed decreases in several species of triacylglycerols, ...	2017	28375212
baseline gut microbiota predicts clinical response and colitis in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab.		2017	28368458
fecal bacterial communities in treated hiv infected individuals on two antiretroviral regimens.	intestinal microbiome changes that occur in hiv positive individuals on different antiretroviral therapy (art) regimens are important to understand, as they are potentially linked with chronic inflammation and microbiome-linked comorbidities that occur at increased incidence in this population. we conducted a cross-sectional study comparing the fecal microbiomes of hiv-uninfected (hiv sn) to hiv-infected individuals on long-term art (hiv+ ltart) from mexico using 16s ribosomal rna (16srna) targe ...	2017	28262770
altered intestinal microbiota in patients with chronic pancreatitis: implications in diabetes and metabolic abnormalities.	intestinal dysbiosis and its functional implications in chronic pancreatitis (cp) have not been elaborately studied. we evaluated the taxonomic and functional alterations in intestinal microbiota in 30 well-characterised patients with cp (16 without, 14 with diabetes) and 10 healthy controls. the patients with cp and diabetes had significantly longer disease duration and greater degree of malnutrition. there was increase in plasma endotoxin concentrations from controls to cp non-diabetics to cp ...	2017	28255158
pili-like proteins of akkermansia muciniphila modulate host immune responses and gut barrier function.	gut barrier function is key in maintaining a balanced response between the host and its microbiome. the microbiota can modulate changes in gut barrier as well as metabolic and inflammatory responses. this highly complex system involves numerous microbiota-derived factors. the gut symbiont akkermansia muciniphila is positively correlated with a lean phenotype, reduced body weight gain, amelioration of metabolic responses and restoration of gut barrier function by modulation of mucus layer thickne ...	2017	28249045
nutritional, microbiological and psychosocial implications of the low fodmap diet.	dietary restriction of certain fermentable carbohydrates (low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (fodmap) diet) is effective for managing symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (ibs). however, there are potential consequences of this diet that relate to its impact on nutritional, microbiological, and health-related quality of life outcomes. evidence suggests that the low fodmap diet leads to some alterations in nutrient intake. for example, carbohydrate intake ...	2017	28244658
microbial anti-inflammatory molecule (mam) from faecalibacterium prausnitzii shows a protective effect on dnbs and dss-induced colitis model in mice through inhibition of nf-κb pathway.	faecalibacterium prausnitzii and its supernatant showed protective effects in different chemically-induced colitis models in mice. recently, we described 7 peptides found in the f. prausnitzii supernatant, all belonging to a protein called microbial anti-inflammatory molecule (mam). these peptides were able to inhibit nf-κb pathway in vitro and showed anti-inflammatory properties in vivo in a dinitrobenzene sulfate (dnbs)-induced colitis model. in this current proof we tested mam effect on nf-κb ...	2017	28203226
differences in gut microbiota profile between women with active lifestyle and sedentary women.	physical exercise is a tool to prevent and treat some of the chronic diseases affecting the world's population. a mechanism through which exercise could exert beneficial effects in the body is by provoking alterations to the gut microbiota, an environmental factor that in recent years has been associated with numerous chronic diseases. here we show that physical exercise performed by women to at least the degree recommended by the world health organization can modify the composition of gut micro ...	2017	28187199
the association of specific constituents of the fecal microbiota with immune-mediated brain disease in dogs.	meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (muo) is a common, naturally-occurring, clinical disease of pet dogs. it is an immune-mediated condition that has many similarities with experimental autoimmune encephalitis (eae) in rodents and so investigation of its pathogenesis may aid in understanding factors that contribute to development of multiple sclerosis in people. gut microbiota are known to modulate immune responses that influence susceptibility to immune-mediated brain disease. in this st ...	2017	28125651
the gut microbiota of siblings offers insights into microbial pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.	siblings of patients with crohn's disease (cd) have elevated risk of developing cd and display aspects of disease phenotype, including faecal dysbiosis. in our recent article we have used 16s rrna gene targeted high-throughput sequencing to comprehensively characterize the mucosal microbiota in healthy siblings of cd patients, and determine the influence of genotypic and phenotypic factors on the gut microbiota (dysbiosis). we have demonstrated that the core microbiota of both patients with cd a ...	2017	28112583
intestinal proportion of blautia sp. is associated with clinical stage and histoprognostic grade in patients with early-stage breast cancer.	improving knowledge about breast cancer etiology is crucial in order to propose prevention strategies for this pathology. gut microbiota is involved in numerous physiopathological situations including cancers. although its potential involvement in breast cancer through the alteration of the enterohepatic circulation of estrogens and/or the metabolism of phytoestrogens has been discussed for some time, it remains to be demonstrated. the present study seeks to strengthen this hypothesis by identif ...	2017	28094541
faecalibacterium prausnitzii: from microbiology to diagnostics and prognostics.	there is an increasing interest in faecalibacterium prausnitzii, one of the most abundant bacterial species found in the gut, given its potentially important role in promoting gut health. although some studies have phenotypically characterized strains of this species, it remains a challenge to determine which factors have a key role in maintaining the abundance of this bacterium in the gut. besides, phylogenetic analysis has shown that at least two different f. prausnitzii phylogroups can be fou ...	2017	28045459
adherence to a mediterranean diet influences the fecal metabolic profile of microbial-derived phenolics in a spanish cohort of middle-age and older people.	despite the evidence regarding the influence of certain polyphenol food sources on the metabolic profile in feces, the association between the different phenolics provided by the diet and the fecal phenolic profile has not been elucidated. in this study, the composition of phenolic metabolites in fecal solutions was analyzed by uplc-esi-ms/ms in 74 volunteers. this fecal phenolic profile showed a high interindividual variation of the different compounds analyzed, phenylacetic and phenylpropionic ...	2017	28029051
mucosa-associated biohydrogenating microbes protect the simulated colon microbiome from stress associated with high concentrations of poly-unsaturated fat.	polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) may affect colon microbiome homeostasis by exerting (specific) antimicrobial effects and/or interfering with mucosal biofilm formation at the gut mucosal interface. we used standardized batch incubations and the mucosal-simulator of the human microbial intestinal ecosystem (m-shime) to show the in vitro luminal and mucosal effects of the main pufa in the western diet, linoleic acid (la). high concentrations of la were found to decrease butyrate production and ...	2017	27883264
in vitro fermentation of b-gos: impact on faecal bacterial populations and metabolic activity in autistic and non-autistic children.	children with autism spectrum disorders (asd) often suffer gastrointestinal problems consistent with imbalances in the gut microbial population. treatment with antibiotics or pro/prebiotics has been postulated to regulate microbiota and improve gut symptoms, but there is a lack of evidence for such approaches, especially for prebiotics. this study assessed the influence of a prebiotic galactooligosaccharide (b-gos) on gut microbial ecology and metabolic function using faecal samples from autisti ...	2017	27856622
effects of varying dietary content of fermentable short-chain carbohydrates on symptoms, fecal microenvironment, and cytokine profiles in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.	a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (fodmaps) is increasingly recommended for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (ibs). we aimed to investigate the effects of a blinded low-fodmap vs high-fructo-oligosaccharides (fos) diet on symptoms, immune activation, gut microbiota composition, and short-chain fatty acids (scfas).	2017	27747984
short-term impact of a classical ketogenic diet on gut microbiota in glut1 deficiency syndrome: a 3-month prospective observational study.	the classical ketogenic diet (kd) is a high-fat, very low-carbohydrate normocaloric diet used for drug-resistant epilepsy and glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (glut1 ds). in animal models, high fat diet induces large alterations in microbiota producing deleterious effects on gut health. we carried out a pilot study on patients treated with kd comparing their microbiota composition before and after three months on the diet.	2017	28361745
oral versus intravenous iron replacement therapy distinctly alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in patients with ibd.	iron deficiency is a common complication in patients with ibd and oral iron therapy is suggested to exacerbate ibd symptoms. we performed an open-labelled clinical trial to compare the effects of per oral (po) versus intravenous (iv) iron replacement therapy (irt).	2017	26848182
relative abundance in bacterial and fungal gut microbes in obese children: a case control study.	differences in relative proportions of gut microbial communities in adults have been correlated with intestinal diseases and obesity. in this study we evaluated the gut microbiota biodiversity, both bacterial and fungal, in obese and normal-weight school-aged children.	2017	27007700
profiling living bacteria informs preparation of fecal microbiota transplantations.	fecal microbiota transplantation is a compelling treatment for recurrent clostridium difficile infections, with potential applications against other diseases associated with changes in gut microbiota. but variability in fecal bacterial communities-believed to be the therapeutic agent-can complicate or undermine treatment efficacy. to understand the effects of transplant preparation methods on living fecal microbial communities, we applied a dna-sequencing method (pma-seq) that uses propidium mon ...	2017	28125667
ecology and metabolism of the beneficial intestinal commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii.	faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a major commensal bacterium, and its prevalence is often decreased in conditions of intestinal dysbiosis. the phylogenic identity of this bacterium was described only recently. it is still poorly characterized, and its specific growth requirements in the human gastrointestinal tract are not known. in this review, we consider f. prausnitzii metabolism, its ecophysiology in both humans and animals, and the effects of drugs and nutrition on its population. we list im ...	2017	24637606
probiotics and inflammatory bowel diseases.	intestinal microbiota is composed by symbiotic innocuous bacteria and potential pathogens also called pathobionts. even if the mechanism of action of intestinal bacteria remain still unknown, specific microbial species seem to have important role in the maintenance of immunological equilibrium in the gut through the direct interaction with immune cells. some studies have found a dysregulated interaction between the intestinal bacteria, the gut barrier, and the intestinal associated immune system ...	2017	26634595
association of brain amyloidosis with pro-inflammatory gut bacterial taxa and peripheral inflammation markers in cognitively impaired elderly.	the pathway leading from amyloid-β deposition to cognitive impairment is believed to be a cornerstone of the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad). however, what drives amyloid buildup in sporadic nongenetic cases of ad is still unknown. ad brains feature an inflammatory reaction around amyloid plaques, and a specific subset of the gut microbiota (gmb) may promote brain inflammation. we investigated the possible role of the gmb in ad pathogenesis by studying the association of brain amyloidos ...	2017	27776263
we are not alone: a case for the human microbiome in extra intestinal diseases.	"dysbiosis" in the gut microbiome has been implicated in auto-immune diseases, in inflammatory diseases, in some cancers and mental disorders. the challenge is to unravel the cellular and molecular basis of dysbiosis so as to understand the disease manifestation.	2017	28286571