Publications

herpesvirus proteins: dna polymerase and pyrimidine deoxynucleoside kinase activities in temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2.	eleven temperature-sensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus type 2 strain hg52 were examined for ability to induce dna polymerase activity in bhk 21/c13 cells. all mutants induced dna polymerase at a permissive temperature, (31 degrees c) and all dna-positive mutants at a non-permissive temperature (38 degrees c). three dna-negative mutants induced no dna polymerase (ts 6, ts 9) or very little dna polymerase (ts 11), at a non-permissive temperature, while ts 1, also dna negative, induced a litt ...	1976	177730
purification of equine herpesvirus type 1.	a method for the purification of enveloped infectious equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) is presented. virus from cell culture fluids harvested at 48 h post infection was concentrated by sedimentation and partially purified by differential precipitation with ammonium sulphate. the final steps of purification consisted of two cycles of flotation of virus in pre-formed cscl density gradients. yields of infectious virus were about 30% (18 to 44%) of that present in starting material. as judged by el ...	1976	177732
multiple testing for the detection of b virus antibody in specially handled rhesus monkeys after capture from virgin trapping grounds.	eight groups of rhesus monkeys totaling over 1,000 animals were captured in the virgin trapping grounds of jammu and kashmir, india. individual caging and special handling technics were utilized to prevent cross-contamination during capture, holding, and subsequent shipment to quarantine facilities in the united states. immediately following the arrival of the monkeys, 5 consecutive blood samples were obtained at approximately 2-wk intervals, and the sera were rested for neutralizing antibody ag ...	1976	177807
viral infections that affect the fetus.	several viral infections besides rubella are known to cause fetal anomalies and disease. cytomegalovirus, for example, may adversely affect the fetus in a number of ways. either herpesvirus or hepatitis b virus is transmissible from mother to offspring. viruses whose potential for fetal harm is less clear are those of varicella, mumps, and influenza.	1976	177962
abortion associated with mixed leptospira/equid herpesvirus 1 infection.		1976	178087
practical aspects of equine virus abortion in the united kingdom.	the current knowledge of the clinical signs, epidemiology and pathogenesis of abortion due to the equid herpesvirus (ehv 1) is reviewed. the relationship between the respiratory and abortigenic forms of the disease is discussed as well as the low incidence of virus abortion in the uk compared to some other parts of the world. some practical aspects of the disease as they affect stud management are considered including methods of diagnosis, prophylaxis and the necessary action to be taken to prev ...	1976	178088
synthesis of proteins in cells infected with herpesvirus. xi. sulfated, structural glycoproteins.		1976	178100
lymphoproliferative diseases of fowl: chromosome breaks caused in lymphocytes by jm-v herpesvirus.	chromosome preparations were made of bone marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes isolated from chicks that developed leukemia following infection with jm-v herpes-virus. karyotypic analysis revealed a high frequency of chromosome breaks and aneuploidy, as well as some pulverization of chromosomes. the number of chromosome breaks began to increase at 2-3 days post infection, and by 5 days post infection it reached 12.7% of bone marrow cells and 17.2% of peripheral lymphocytes. similarly, the num ...	1976	176408
herpesvirus proteins: induction of nucleoside phosphotransferase activity after herpes simplex virus infection.	after herpes simplex virus infection of hamster kidney cells there is an induction of nucleoside phosphotransferase activity which can utilize amp as phosphate donor. the activity is immunologically specific for the infected cell and is induced concomitantly with the virus-coded pyrimidine deoxynucleoside kinase activity. phosphotransferase activity is not induced in cells lacking both thymidine and deoxycytidine kinase activity.	1976	176440
concatemeric forms of intracellular herpesvirus dna.		1976	176785
equine herpesvirus in vivo: cyclic production of a dna density variant with repetitive sequences.		1976	176793
cell-free synthesis of equine herpesvirus type 3 nucleocapsid polypeptides.		1976	176794
electron microscopic study of the development of herpesvirus saimiri.		1976	176797
the absence of one class of virus-induced protein in arginine-deprived cells infected with pig herpesvirus.		1976	176814
[developmental stages of herpesvirus-equi-1 in nasal mucosa cells].		1976	176846
inhibition of herpesvirus deoxyribonucleic acid and protein synthesis by tilorone hydrochloride.	tilorone hydrochloride at a concentration of 10 mug/ml very efficiently inhibited herpes simplex virus growth in bsc1 cells when the virus is infected at a low multiplicity of infection. the adsorption of the virus was not affected by the drug, and the penetration of the deoxyribonucleic acid of the input virus into the cytoplasm and nuclei proceeded normally when tilorone hydrochloride was present. however, newly synthesized viral deoxyribonucleic acid was not detectable under these conditions, ...	1976	176928
capsomeres of herpesvirus-equi-l in thin sections.		1976	176974
editorial: herpesvirus and cancer of uterine cervix.	frequent coitus with several partners or at a very young age carries the greatest risk of cancer of the uterine cervix. lowest risk is among celibate women and those who live in communities where marriage is stable and where premarital and extramarital coitus is infrequent. all evidence points to the venereal hypothesis of cervical cancer. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) has been implicated. immunological defenses, oxygen tension, ph, and hormonal changes in the cervical tissues may also ...	1976	175880
experimental models for dna-rna viral interactions: a brief review.	evidences that demonstrate or imply the occurrence of dna-rna viral interactions in man and animals are reviewed. the concurrent presence of two dissimilar oncogenic viruses influenced responses both in vivo and in vitro. cell-mediated immune responses to marek's disease herpesvirus were altered in specific-pathogen-free chickens inoculated as embryos with an avian leukosis virus. the possible roles of immunological factors in the pathogenesis and control of tumor development associated with dna ...	1976	175924
natural mechanisms of controlling lymphotropic herpesvirus infection (marek's disease) in the chicken.	four categories of natural resistance phenomena against mareks disease in chickens, i.e., maternal antibody, age resistance, genetic resistance, and natural immunization, are described. in nature, these forms of resistance probably act in concert through comlex interrelationships. the mechanisms are not well understood but include humoral immunity (maternal antibody), cell-mediated immunity, and possibly other mechanisms. the possible role of newly discovered tumor-specific antigens in cell-medi ...	1976	175926
immune response of monkeys to lymphotrophic herpesvirus antigens.	herpesvirus saimiri induces leukemia and/or malignant lymphoma when inoculated into different species of nonhuman primates including marmosets and owl monkeys. no malignant disease, however, has been recognized in the natural host for this virus, the squirrel monkey, although a high percentage of these monkeys are chronically infected with h. saimiri. furthermore, one species of marmosets, as well as capuchin and some owl monkeys, fail to develop lymphoma following experimental virus infection b ...	1976	175927
preventive vaccination against herpesvirus saimiri-induced neoplasia.	in this paper we discuss the use of herpesvirus saimiri as a model for the development of vaccines against herpesvirus-induced neoplasia in primates. attempts at protection against the oncogenicity of h. saimiri have centered on the inactivation of virus by heat and formalin, the production of temperature-sensitive h. saimiri mutants, and the attenuation of the virus. each of these approaches has provided information of use in the development of vaccines that may possibly be used in man.	1976	175928
implications of a vaccine for the prevention of epstein-barr virus infection: ethical and logistic considerations.	reasons are given for considering that there is sufficiently substantial indirect and circumstantial evidence linking epstein-barr (eb) virus to african burkitt's lymphoma (bl) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma to call for a dynamic new approach to establish a causal role for the virus in these human cancers. it would seem that the only way to do this would be to develop a vaccine, vaccinate a population at risk in a high-tumor-incidence area, and subsequently follow the population for a consequentia ...	1976	175931
pilot studies with human interferon in herpesvirus saimiri-induced lymphoma in owl monkeys.	the nature of herpesvirus saimiri-induced disease in owl monkeys is described with emphasis on those biological parameters useful in monitoring the disease. these parameters are lymphocyte response to general mitogens, lymphocyte-infective centers, and antibody to virus-associated early antigen. human interferon was used in treating owl monkeys with virus-induced leukemia. in 2 animals evidence was obtained that suggested a positive antileukemic effect.	1976	175932
herpesvirus type 2-related antigens and their relevance to humoral and cell-mediated immunity in patients with cervical cancer.	the central theme of this communication is the interaction of herpes simplex virus type 2 with its host. in addition to the productive infection, we are confronted by latency and, as suggested by recent studies, by cancer. the possible mechanisms of latency and the role it may play as a precursor of carcinogenesis are discussed. if virus is to coexist with its host, a defined level of molecular interaction between host and viral gene products must exist. the association of ag-4 with active tumor ...	1976	175945
herpesvirus hominis encephalitis and retinitis.	a previously healthy 44-year-old man died three weeks after the simultaneous onset of encephalitis and retinitis. fundus changes were bilateral and included papillitis, rapidly progressive central retinal vein obstruction, and massive exudative retinal detachment. a 16-fold rise in herpesvirus hominis antibodies occured between the 10th and 20th days of illness. at autopsy, the brain showed changes characteristic of herpetic encephalitis, and cultures of the brain yielded herpesvirus hominis typ ...	1976	174536
correlation of tumor burden with in vitro lymphocyte reactivity and antibodies to herpesvirus tumor-associated antigens in head and neck squamous carcinoma.	in 94 patients with squamous carcinoma of the head and neck region, the clinical extent of tumor was correlated with in vitro lymphocyte reactivity (lr) to phytohemagglutinin (pha) and serum complement-fixing antibodies to herpes simplex virus (hsv)-induced tumor-associated antigen (taa). forty-six patients were tumor-bearing and 48 were considered cured. controls were 41 age-matched normals with histories of similar cigarette consumption. in 15 patients with stage i carcinomas of the larynx, am ...	1976	174796
vidarabine therapy for severe herpesvirus infections. an unusual syndrome of chronic varicella and transient immunologic deficiency.	six patients with severe herpesvirus infections were successfully treated with vidarabine. one patient had a previously undescribed syndrome of chronic cutaneous varicella infection of eight months' duration, associated with transient but complete duppression of lymphocyte response to conconavalin a. other diagnoses were severe varicella pneumonia, progressive cytomegalovirus pneumonia associated with acute lymphocytic leukemia, herpes simplex encephalitis, severe zoster associated with stage iv ...	1976	175176
editorial: treatment of herpesvirus infections.		1976	175177
growth characteristics of bovine herpesvirus 1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis) in human diploid cell strain wi-38.	ibr virus was found to replicate in wi-38 cells. at a high input multiplicity the virus yield was comparable to that obtained in bovine cells, but comparable degree of cpe took longer to achieve. at a low input multiplicity of ibr virus, such as may be encountered in virus contaminated bovine serum, virus yield was only about 1% of that in bovine cells, with 50% of the cells showing cpe, followed by cell regrowth. infectious virus was not recoverable from the regrown cells by 5 weeks after initi ...	1976	175382
herpesvirus infection in the newborn. its treatment by exchange transfusion and adenosine arabinoside.	a case is reported of herpesvirus infection in the newborn following maternal genital herpesvirus infection. the rationale for treating a newborn infant with signs of disseminated herpesvirus infection by exchange transfusion in addition to adenosine arabinoside is discussed. because of the lack of data concerning therapy for a disease with a 50 to 100% mortality rate, it is important to present material such as this in order to provide information about possible new therapeutic modalities.	1976	174038
[demonstration of the bovid herpesvirus 2 in cell cultures with the aid of fluorescent antibodies].	used was the immunofluorescence method employing fluorescinisothiocyanate-labeled antibodies against bovid herpesvirus 2. the localisation and the dynamics of the virus antigen were followed up in cell cultures of calf kidney epithelium. results showed that there was a specific cytoplastic-nuclear fluorescence in the infected cells. the dynamics of the virus multiplication revealed the presence of a specific antigen by about the 6th hour following the infection of the cells. discussed is the pro ...	1976	67697
mechanism of phosphonoacetate inhibition of herpesvirus-induced dna polymerase.	phosphonoacetate was an effective inhibitor of both the marek's disease herpesvirus- and the herpesvirus of turkey-induced dna polymerase. using the herpesvirus of turkey-induced dna polymerase, phosphonoacetate inhibition studies for the dna polymerization reaction and for the deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate-pyrophosphate exchange reaction were carried out. the results demonstrated that phosphonoacetate inhibited the polymerase by interacting with it at the pyrophosphate binding site to create ...	1976	55273
in vivo and in vitro measurements of the relationship of human squamous carcinomas to herpes simplex virus tumor-associated antigens.	an additional 244 unfiltered sera have now been studied in a series of controlled, coded tests to determine the relationship of squamous carcinomas of the head and neck and cervix to the presence of complement-fixing antibodies to herpesvirus-tumor-associated antigens (hsv-taa) in both tumor-bearing and cured patients. ninety % of sera from patients with squamous carcinomas had antibodies to hsv-taa, in contrast to 11% of sera from patients with nonsquamous cancers and 4% of sera from noraml ind ...	1976	56226
serological and epidemiological considerations of the role of herpes simplex virus type 2 in cervical cancer.	to assess the possible biological significance of the observations that women with cervical cancer tend to be younger at first intercourse than control women, data from 1823 women were analyzed for the relationship between age at 1st intercourse and number of sex partners. women who were younger at first intercourse had more sex partners than did women who were older at first intercourse. the interdependence of age at first intercourse and number of sex partners does not exlude the possibility t ...	1976	56227
herpes simplex vaccines.	prospects for the development of vaccines against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and other herpesvirus group vaccines are discussed from the scientific, medical, and economic standpoints. probably, the most practical development will be glycoprotein subunit vaccines, prepared from herpes simples virus types 1 and 2, that will be tested for prophylaxis and therapy of acute viral disease and for cancer that may be caused by these agents.	1976	56228
relation between common antigen and membrane antigens associated with marek's disease herpesvirus and turkey herpesvirus infections.	the appearance of two kinds of membrane antigen (ma) in marek's disease herpesvirus (mdhv) or herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) infected cells was examined using antiserum to the common antigen (common-ag). no early-appearing ma(ema) was detected in these cultures until 16 hours post-inoculation, after which a number of cells in these cultures had late-appearing membrane antigen (lma) as detected by immunofluorescence (if). fluids from cultures infected with these viruses were examined for the presenc ...	1976	58652
morphological components of herpesvirus. ii. preservation of virus during negative staining procedures.	the disruption of envelopes and the fragmentation of capsids of equine herpes-virus type i observed in negatively stained samples were attributed to viral dehydration on carbon films during preparation for electron microscopy. prior fixation of virus with oso4 or glutaraldehyde and subsequent application of negative stain before drying minimized envelope disruption and virtually eliminated the occurrence of capsomere sheets and broken capsids. this sample procedure significantly improves electro ...	1976	58962
latency in herpesvirus hominis: its relationship to oncogenesis and recurrent disease.		1976	61629
a study of possible biohazards in the fluorescent antibody test using adenovirus, coxsackievirus, herpesvirus, and respiratory syncytial virus as antigens.	infectious adenovirus type 5 and coxsackievirus type b5, both nonlipid-containing viruses, were isolated from cells fixed in acetone at 22 degrees c for 15 min, from acetone used for fixation, from the solution used for washing slides during the fluorescent antibody procedure, and after complete processing of antigen preparations with serial twofold dilutions of human antisera and fluorescein-labeled goat anti-human immunoglobulin g. lipid-containing herpes simplex virus type 1 and respiratory s ...	1976	61971
serum antibodies to herpesvirus early antigens in patients with cervical carcinoma determined by anticomplement immunofluorescence technique.	sera from patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix were used with the anticomplement immunofluorescence (acif) technique to develop a simple procedure for detection of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) early antigens. test cells used in the acif assay were hep-2 cells infected with hsv-2 sequentially treated with inhibitors of protein and of dna synthesis. the cells were first treated for 7 h with cycloheximide (100 mug/ml) and then for 3 h with hydroxyurea (150 mug/ml). in ...	1976	62718
[comparative antigenic characteristics of 2 marek's disease virus variants and of herpesvirus of turkeys isolated in the ussr].	the antigens induced by pathogenic (55) and nonpathogenic (83) variants of marek's disease virus, the kekava strain (mdv-kekava) and herpesvirus of turkeys, the m-24-72 strain (hvt-m24-72) were tested in the agar gel precipitation test. the antigens were prepared from feather follicles (ff) of the infected chickens, from the infected cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) and from the culture fluid (cf) of these culttures. in the ff and cef cultures infected with mdv-kekava-83, the synthesis ...	1976	64031
effect of 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate on genital lesions and encephalitis induced by herpesvirus hominis type 2 in female mice.	9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate, administered orally or topically, increased the number of survivors and mean day of death in mice inoculated intravaginally with herpesvirus hominis type 2. topical application of the drug in ointment significantly reduced the severity of genital lesions. orally administered drug did not appreciably reduce genital lesions, but it did cause significant increases in the number of survivors and mean day of death, even when administration was s ...	1976	6598
stable erythrocyte diagnostic preparation for passive haemagglutination test with herpes simplex virus antigen.	a method for the preparation of stable suspensions of erythrocytes sensitized with herpes simplex virus (hsv) antigen and for their use in the passive haemagglutination test (phat) was developed. formolized sheep erythrocytes were treated with tannin and sensitized with hsv antigen prepared from infected chick embryo cell culture by ultrasonication and virus extraction with alkaline glycine buffer. antibody titres determined in the phat were higher than titres of neutralizing antibody. the speci ...	1976	11670
cytopathic effects in primary epithelial cultures derived from the human prostate.	normal, benign, and malignant human prostatic tissue was cultivated in vitro. cytopathic effects in derived epithelial cells were examined. light microscopy revealed polykaryocyte formation, vacuolation, cytoplasmic bridges and processes, nuclear inclusions, increased acid phosphatase activity at the cell membrane of polykaryocytes as compared to mononuclear cells, and cell rounding and clumping. electron microscopy of the polykaryocytes showed nuclear membrane proliferation and protrusion, scar ...	1976	173669
an experimental model for disseminated herpesvirus infection of the neonate.	pregnant mice at 10 days of gestation were more susceptible to vaginal inoculation with herpesvirus, type 2, than were nonpregnant mice. this mouse model system also was used to compare delivery through a birth canal contaminated with herpesvirus, type 2, to delivery after maternal paranteral inoculation by the same virus. approximately 26 per cent of newborn mice either died or had evidence of disseminated herpesvirus infections after delivering through a vagina inoculated with herpesvirus, whe ...	1976	179321
experimental infection of squirrel and marmoset monkeys with attenuated herpesvirus saimiri.	herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) was propagated in vero cells for 3 passages at 39 degrees and cloned 3 times at 34 degrees. this virus was inoculated into cotton-topped marmoset and squirrel monkeys; all inoculated monkeys became infected as hvs was reisolated after their circulating lymphocytes were cultured with vero cells and measurable levels of antiviral antibodies developed that were measured by immunofluorescence and/or neutralization tests. none of the inoculated monkeys developed any signs of ...	1976	175930
a comparison of the pathogenicity of three strains of bovid herpesvirus 2 in calves.	the isolates of bovid herpesvirus 2 share common morphological, physical and antigenic features, but differences in their pathogenicity for cattle have been found among the strains. in order to investigate this aspect in more detail a comparative study was made of the skin lesions produced in calves by three strains of the virus: allerton ba, bovine mammilitis and 69/1l0. the results show that allerton ba was less pathogenic for calves than the other two strains used in the experiment. this conc ...	1976	191339
the gross and histological findings in the liver of pigs with aujeszky's disease.	the gross and histological changes were studied in the liver of young pigs naturally infected with aujeszky's disease. in the majority of the cases examined it was possible to detect small necrotic foci, scattered throughout the liver parenchyma, which corresponded histologically with intralobular or plurilobular areas of coagulative necrosis. at the periphery of the larger necrotic foci, inclusion bodies were also found in the hepatocytes of 9 of the 17 pigs examined. these intranuclear inclusi ...	1976	191340
vaccination of nonhuman primates with killed oncogenic herpesviruses.	killed herpesvirus cancer vaccines were prepared by inactivation of oncogenic herpesviruses (herpesvirus saimiri and herpesvirus ateles) with heat and formaldehyde. the killed vaccines, which are not free of viral nucleic acid, were safe in 121 vaccinated monkeys of 4 different species. some of these monkeys have now been under observation for 2 years. the vaccines induced high titers of specific humoral antibodies in all vaccinated monkeys. the killed vaccines proved to be efficient against the ...	1976	175929
herpesvirus hominis type ii infections in asymptomatic pregnant women.	this study was designed to determine the incidence of previous and current herpesvirus hominis type ii infections in asymptomatic pregnant women. sera were obtained from 985 patients for detection of type i and ii herpesvirus hominis antibodies. in addition 770 cervical and 211 amniotic fluid cultures for herpesvirus hominis type ii were performed. identification of previous herpesvirus hominis infection was determined in 352 patients (35.7%) by calculation of a type ii/i antibody index of 85 or ...	1976	185552
genital herpetic infection in men and women: clinical course and effect of topical application of adenine arabinoside.	sixty-three episodes of genital herpetic infection in 55 men and 45 episodes in 42 women were randomly assigned to topical treatment with 3% adenine arabinoside, topical treatment with placebo ointment, or no therapy. in addition, 10 episodes in women who were not randomly assigned to therapy were evaluated and followed. clinical evaluation and viral cultures were done on day 3, day 8, and weekly thereafter until the lesions had healed. the natural clinical course of genital herpetic infection w ...	1976	180196
[cutaneous herpesvirus infections and malignant blood disorders. epidemiology].	one hundred and ten skin infections with herpes virus were seen in a uniform group of 1,002 lymphoma-leukaemias dominated by non-hodgkin's lymphoma (385) and hodgkin's disease (327). they appeared with a significantly increased frequency in the course of hodgkin's disease, and between the ages of 60 and 69 for the other groups. in the hodgkin's cases they appeared characteristically during complete remission and in the others during the active phase of their disease. only exceptionally was there ...	1976	187272
immune surveillance--a powerful mechanism with a limited range.	there is excellent evidence for the belief that immune surveillance mechanisms prevent the outgrowth of potentially neoplastic cells induced by horizontally transmitted, ubiquitous, potentially oncogenic viruses, indigenous to natural populations. polyoma virus in mice, marek's disease in the chicken, herpesvirus saimiri in the squirrel monkey, and the epstein-barr virus in man are examples. there is much less evidence for immune surveillance against chemically induced tumors. it is argued that ...	1976	193016
[the neuronal torres bodies in experimental yellow fever encephalomyelitis. an additional example of the heterogeneous nature of cowdry type a intranuclear inclusions].	in experimental yellow fever virus encephalomyelitis of adult albino mice, the occurrence of intranuclear inclusions within nerve cells, in particular, within spinal and bulbar motoneurons, is a constant finding. the light microscopic features of these so-called neuronal torres bodies correspond entirely to the criteria laid down by cowdry for the type a intranuclear inclusions. at the ultrastructural level, these karyoplasmic formations consist of haphazardly distributed patches of an essential ...	1976	183626
[studies on herpesvirus cuniculi. i. virus isolation and antibody response in rabbits with experimental infection (author's transl)].		1976	194410
herpesvirus saimiri-induced malignant lymphoma in rabbits.	of 9 new zealand white rabbits inoculated at multiple sc and im sites with a single dose of herpesvirus saimiri (hvs), 2 developed malignant lymphomas 40-50 days post inoculation. at least 1 animal developed a terminal leukemic phase of the disease. hvs was isolated from the oral and conjunctival swabs and blood and tissue lymphocytes, but not from monolayer cell cultures derived from kidney or lung tissues of the diseased animals. the inoculated rabbits developed low titers of neutralizing anti ...	1976	187760
characteristics of jmv marek's disease tumor: a nonproductively infected transplantable cell lacking in rescuable virus.	cells of the jmv marek's disease (md) tumor, originally produced by rapid serial passage of md lymphoma cells in chickens, were characterized to determine whether they were of host or donor origin and to ascertain certain virus-host cell interrelationships. differences noted in blood group b surface alloantigens between tumor cells and host lymphocytes indicated a probable nonhost origin (i.e., transplantability) of the tumor. jmv spleen tumors contained predominantly large lymphoblasts bearing ...	1976	187779
purification of herpesvirus nucleocapsids by fluorocarbon extraction.	purified nucleocapsids were prepared from herpes simplex virus type-1 and herpes simplex virus type-2 infected cells, using a fluorocarbon extraction technique with freon 113. fifty to 85% of the total nucleocapsid population remained 'nucleated' or full in terms of the nucleic acid core making them useful as a source of dna. cscl banded dna represented 30--40% of the theoretical yield of the total nucleocapsid population.	1976	195183
the mechanism of recurrent infection by herpesvirus hominis.		1976	183607
histopathological observation of chicken inoculated with c-type virus isolated from the material infected with turkey herpesvirus.		1976	197292
relationships between reticuloendothelial virus of chickens and an agent isolated from a duck embryo cell culture of turkey herpesvirus.		1976	197293
herpesvirus hominis hepatitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. occurrence in an adult with pemphigus vulgaris.	herpesvirus hominis (hvh) hepatitis, a rarely recognized manifestation of hvh infection in adults, occurred in a 36-year-old woman who had received prednisone therapy for pemphigus vulgaris continuously for seven years. after an acute terminal illness that was characterized by fulminant hepatic failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic), postmortem examination disclosed massive hepatic necrosis. herpesvirus hominis (type 1) was isolated from the liver. the association of disseminat ...	1976	185974
infection of cattle with bovid herpesvirus.		1976	188739
immunology of herpesvirus infection: immunity to herpes simplex virus in eye infections.	a gereral, overall pattern of the temporal relationship and interaction between cell and antibody-mediated immune responses following herpes simplex virus infection of the rabbit cornea can be synthesized from our studies. cell-mediated immunity (cmi) appears early following infection, at a time when mononuclear and lymphocytic cellular proliferation occur at the limbus. interaction between specifically immune lymphocytes with virus antigens are detected by lymphocyte blastogenesis and migration ...	1976	185741
antibodies to adeno-associated satellite virus and herpes simplex in sera from cancer patients and normal adults.	the ecologic aspects of the distribution of adeno-associated satellite virus (asv) in the human population are of great interest because of its unconditional defectiveness and dependence on adenovirus for full and herpesvirus for partial complementation. adenoviruses and herpesviruses are extremely common and persistent infections in man. we have developed immunofluorescent procedures for detecting the presence of satellite virus antibodies in human sera. the percentage of sera with antibodies t ...	1976	183503
persistent infection with bovine herpesvirus-1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) in cultured hamster cells.	bovine herpesvirus-1 infection in hamster embryo cells was found to be dependent upon input multiplicity; productive infection was achieved at input multiplicities greater than one, while persistent infection was established when input multiplicities were about 0.5. this persistence was characterized by a noncyclic, minimal degree of cytopathic effect with a low level of released virus. maintenance of the persistently infected cultures did not require external supportive measures. subcultivation ...	1976	190164
oncornavirus particles in lymphoid cultures from a howler monkey with herpesvirus saimiri-induced disease.	budding and extracellular oncornavirus particles were observed in cells of lymphoid cultures derived from the spleen, lymph node, and blood of a howler monkey (alouatta caraya) that developed a malignant lymphoproliferative disease after infection with herpesvirus saimiri. the various possible sources of origin of these particles are discussed.	1976	187783
mononuclear cell fraction carrying herpesvirus saimiri in persistently infected squirrel monkeys.	circulating lymphocytes from squirrel monkeys persistently infected with herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) were separated into b- and t-lymphocyte fractions by a rosette-enrichment technique. hvs was isolated only from lymphocyte fractions forming rosettes or from unseparated lymphocytes; this indicated that t-lymphocytes were the target cells for hvs in the natural host, squirrel monkeys.	1976	187784
[development and study of an experimental herpesvirus vaccine].	the strains suitable for the development of herpesvirus vaccine were selected as a result of studies on numerous herpes virus strains isolated from patients with relapsing herpes infection of various localizations. infectious tissue culture antigens were obtained by roller cultivation of chick embryo fibroblast cultures infected with herpesvirus in the presence of 0.2% human serum albumin. a high immunogenic and antigenic activity of the experimental vaccines prepared from these antigens was est ...	1976	188256
chronic herpesvirus saimiri infection in an owl monkey.	an adult owl monkey (aotus tricirgatus) used for immunologic studies of herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) developed early, late, membrane, and neutralizing antibodies to hvs approximately 3 weeks after the beginning of the experiment. hvs was isolated by the cocultivation of peripheral blood for over 1 year. no clinical, gross, or histopathologic findings of malignancy were exhibited by the animal. the hvs isolate from the animal was indistinguishable biologically and serologically from the original hvs ...	1976	186615
isolation and identification of marek's disease virus by fluorescent antibody technique.	cell-associated herpesvirus related to marek's disease (md) was isolated from the direct culture of kidney cells of naturally infected chickens at taoyuan or by inoculation of clinical specimens to chick kidney (ck) and chick embryo fibroblast cells. the virus isolates replicated in ck or chick embryo kidney cell cultures were identified to be md by the fluorescent-antibody technique.	1976	196818
[a method for partial purification of marek's disease herpesvirus a-antigen from feather follicles of infected chicken].	a method for partial purification of marek's disease herpesvirus a antigen from feather follicles of infected chickens is described. the a antigen partially purified by ph 4 treatment and affinity chromatography when analyzed in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was found to be a mixture of 7 coomassie blue stained fractions.	1976	18777347
the effect of marek's disease vaccination on the immunisation of day-old chicks against newcastle disease, using b1 and oil emulsion vaccine.	concurrent vaccination of one-day-old chicks with 2 x 10(5) 50% embryo infectious doses of live b1 newcastle disease virus and 0.25 ml killed oil emulsion newcastle disease vaccine produced satisfactory levels of circulating haemagglutination inhibiting antibody although the recipient chicks possessed titres of maternally derived antibody as high as 10 log(2). this effect was also seen when the chicks were given turkey herpesvirus for immunisation against marek's disease. the satisfactory newcas ...	1976	18777359
experimental studies on the aetiology of inclusion body hepatitis.	liver suspensions and an adenovirus isolated from typical cases of inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) were inoculated into specific pathogen free birds by a combined oral and intranasal route but no pathological changes resulted. representative strains of 8 serotypes of avian adenoviruses from naturally occurring cases of ibh and non-hepatitis origins were inoculated intramuscularly into birds. the pathogenicity of these strains was studied and it was established that different strains produced diff ...	1976	18777362
biochemical studies of the maturation of herpesvirus nucleocapsid species.	three distinct species of nucleocapsids of equine herpesvirus type-1, designated as either light (l), intermediate (i), or heavy (h) on the basis of their densities in renografin-76 density gradients (perdue et al. 1975), were characterized with respect to their amino acid content, dna content, and role in the maturation process. preparations of l and i nucleocapsids, shown previously to lack a densely staining core within the capsid, exhibited virtually identical amino acid compositions. prepar ...	1976	18625460
herpesvirus sylvilagus in cottontail rabbits: antibody prevalence and flea burden relationships.	a serologic survey of a wild cottontail rabbit (sylvilagus floridanus) population in southern wisconsin was conducted from november-march, 1971-72 and november-april, 1972-73, to determine prevalence of antibody against herpesvirus sylvilagus. flea burdens on each live-trapped cottontail were quantified by species. all but six of the 5029 fleas collected were cediopsylla simplex. no correlation was found between flea infestation and viral antibody. of 101 cottontail rabbits trapped, only six had ...	1976	16498867
epidemiology of herpesvirus sylvilagus infection in cottontail rabbits.	the epidemiology of herpesvirus sylvilagus infection in wild cottontail rabbits was studied in a defined, natural cottontail population over a period of 13 months. spread of this virus showed significant correlation with seasonal variation as well as with the sex and age of the host. the highest rate of infection occurred during the winter and spring seasons with males over the age of 4 months sustaining a significantly greater percentage of infections than younger males or females of all age gr ...	1976	16502681
[diagnosis of recurrent herpesvirus infection by means of viral precipitin studies].		1977	218265
[recurrent herpesvirus in the state of rio de janeiro].		1977	218266
in vitro studies on the mechanism of herpesvirus plaque growth inhibition by sensitized lymphocytes.	inhibition of herpesvirus plaque growth was observed when herpes simplex virus (hsv)-sensitized rabbit lymphocytes were placed in contact with an hsv-infected human foreskin monolayer. this inhibition was obtained as early as 3 h when a ratio of 6 viable lymphocytes to target cells was used, and the supernatants of these cultures also demonstrated plaque size reduction when put onto newly infected cell monolayers. interferon, which is present in this system, had no effect on hsv when tested on h ...	1977	197019
ocular findings associated with encephalomyelitis caused by herpesvirus simiae.	a 29-year-old monkey handler developed acute encephalomyelitis with serological evidence of herpesvirus simiae infection. he had sudden unilateral loss of vision on the 32nd day of illness caused by vitreous hemorrhage. this cleared gradually, revealing chorioretinal scarring and a gliovascular vitreous band which eventually caused local tractional retinal detachment.	1977	197852
the direct antiviral cytotoxicity by bovine lymphocytes is not restricted by genetic incompatibility of lymphocytes and target cells.	experiments were designed to determine if in the ox a requirement for genetic compatibility between antiviral cytotoxic cells and target cells was needed for cytotoxicity to occur. unrelated bovine animals were immunized with vaccinia or ibr virus (a herpesvirus), and pbl were collected at various times for measurement of their cytotoxicity against autologous or heterologous uninfected or virus-infected fibroblasts. in all instances, cytotoxicity was expressed against heterologous as well as aut ...	1977	190317
simultaneous isolation of herpesvirus hominis type 2 and cytomegalovirus from the genital tract of a woman.	herpesvirus hominis and cytomegalovirus are closely related deoxyribonucleic acid viruses which have been isolated from the genital tract. this report describes the simultaneous isolation of herpesvirus hominis type 2 and cytomegalovirus from the genital tract of a woman preceded by the isolation of cytomegalovirus from the semen and a probable herpetic penile infection in her sexual partner.	1977	194344
venereal factors in human cervical cancer: evidence from marital clusters.	all caucasian women in a large eastern city who developed pathologically confirmed cervical cancer between 1950 and 1969 are being prospectively followed in an epidemiological test of the venereal hypothesis of cervical carcinogenesis. we are attempting to identify all men who were married to these probands at any time prior to the date of their cancer diagnosis. the ultimate objective is the identification of all the other wives of the proband husbands in order that their risk of cervical cance ...	1977	192439
spontaneous mutations in ageing human cells: studies using a herpesvirus probe.	several fundamental theories of ageing postulate that spontaneous mutations increase in somatic cells as they age. this has not until recently been directly tested in mammalian cells, because of the problem of estimating mutation rate in declining cell populations. one possible approach is to infect cells with lytic virus and measure the mutation frequency in virus made by the cellular machinery. three temperature-sensitive mutants of herpesvirus were used to infect human fibroblasts in vitro. t ...	1977	195146
effect of ribavirin on type 2 herpesvirus hominis (hvh/2) in vitro and in vivo.	ribavirin was found to inhibit five strains of hvh/2 tested in kb cells with the m1c range being 10-100 microgram/ml. in a mouse tail animal model, it effectively reduced hvh/2-induced lesions particularly at the peak lesion periods. ribavirin was remarkably effective when intravaginal treatment was initiated late in the infection, which suggests that it may have potential for treatment of human cutaneous infections.	1977	212976
antiviral potential of phosphonoacetic acid.	phosphonoacetate has been found to inhibit specifically the replication of herpes-viruses. a partial inhibition of vaccinia virus represents the only activity outside the herpesvirus class. the drug was found to be a specific inhibitor of the virus-induced dna polymerases. normal cellular polymerases were relatively insensitive to phosphonoacetate, resulting in low cellular toxicity. our working hypothesis is that the drug binds to the enzyme and that initiation of polynucleotide synthesis occur ...	1977	212978
inhibition of herpesvirus dna synthesis by 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine in cellular and cell-free systems.	9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine 5'-triphosphate (ara-atp) is an inhibitor both of dna polymerase-alpha and -beta from noninfected rabbit kidney cells and of the dna-dependent dna polymerase induced by herpes simplex virus type 1 (strain ies). the studies were performed with partially purified enzymes, and each of the different polymerase preparations contained only one dna-dependent dna polymerase species. these enzymes were inhibited in a competitive manner. the hsv-induced dna-dependent dna p ...	1977	212980
the effect of cyclic nucleotides on virus infection.	the yield of influenza virus from infected primary chick kidney cells (pckc) was enhanced by treatment with dcamp. in addition, rapid serial passages of the virus in treated chick cells at low multiplicities did also exhibit maintenance of high virus titers. the action of dcamp upon viral replication could be reproduced in the chick cells by treatment with various agents known to increase intracellular camp levels by differing mechanisms. furthermore, an adrenergic component in the activation of ...	1977	212982
influence of dibutyryl cyclic amp on thymidine uptake by herpes simplex virus infected cells and the intracellular level of cyclic amp.	dibutyryl cyclic amp inhibits the increase of dthd and brdurd transport normally observed after infection with herpesvirus hominis, type i and ii. incorporation is also reduced. inhibition of uptake is non-competitive as analysed by the lineweaver-burk plot. addition of this drug to infected cells also reduces the activity of the thymidine kinase (ec 2.7.1.75). transport of durd, dcyd and dado is not reduced. 4--8 h after infection with thymidine kinase (+) herpes strains the level of camp incre ...	1977	195614
herpesvirus infection of the respiratory tract electronmicroscopic observation of the virus in cells obtained from a sputum cytology.	a case of herpesvirus infection of the respiratory tract in which the virus was seen ultrastructurally in cells obtained from a routine sputum collected for cytology studies, is presented. the method described would seem feasible for additonal studies at the ultrastructural level of cells obtained during collection of material for routine cytology of the respiratory tract. in the present case the virus particles were easily seen and characterized.	1977	196463
effect of water temperature on a herpesvirus infection of sea turtles.	the role of water temperature in the induction and maintenance of a dermal herpesvirus infection (gray-patch disease) of young, green sea turtles (chelonia mydas) was studied under carefully controlled experimental conditions, in which the influence of other recognized stress factors was negligible. a nimals that were subjected to a gradual temperature increase from 25 to 30 degrees c, with subsequent maintenance at 30 degrees c, and those that were abruptly shifted from water at 25 degrees c to ...	1977	192673
antibody-dependent cellular protection against herpes simplex virus dissemination as revealed by viral plauqe and infectivity assays.	mouse nonimmune peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) plus antibody to herpes simplex virus inhibited virus dissemination in herpes simplex virus-infected 3t3 cell culture as revealed by development of viral plaque, size of immunofluorescent foci, appearance of polycaryocytes, and viral infectivity appearing in the culture. these nonimmune pbl did not act alone in inibiting virus dissemination, but did act synergistically in combination with antibody. the ratio of pbl to target monolayer cells need ...	1977	193792
effect of age and pregnancy on the antibody and cell-mediated immune responses of horses to equine herpesvirus 1.	the cell-mediated immune response and antibody response of horses of varying ages and of pregnant horses to equine herpesvirus 1 antigen were examined. six to eight month old horses showed either no increase or slight increases in anti-equine herpesvirus 1 serum neutralizing antibody following vaccination and revaccination with a modified live equine herpesvirus 1 vaccine. however, these same horses showed a marked increase in the cell-mediated immune response to equine herpesvirus 1 as measured ...	1977	200320
equine rhinopneumonitis virus (herpesvirus type 1): attenuation in stable monkey cell line.	an isolate of virulent equine herpesvirus (ehv) type 1 was adapted to vero stable cell line by 13 serial passages at 37 c and 50 serial passages at 26 c. characteristics of the attenuated ehv-1 were found to be avirulent, but immunogenic in horses if injected intramuscularly. the attenuated virus was regularly isolated from peripheral leukocytes in inoculated horses, but was not recovered from nasal turbinate tissues. a mild leukopenia was noticed. the attenuated virus produced characteristic la ...	1977	199093
herpesvirus in sensory and autonomic ganglia after eye infection.	in herpesvirus hominis (hvh) infections, virus harbored in the sensory ganglia is now thought to be the main source of recurrent infection at peripheral sites. experimental hvh infection of the external eye in rabbits produces an acute infection and then latent infection of the trigeminal ganglion. in this study, acute infection of the automatic ganglia serving the eye (superior cervical and ciliary) as well as trigeminal ganglia occurred after hvh inoculation of rabbits' corneas with a herpes t ...	1977	200208
preliminary studies on the diffusion of bovid herpesvirus 2 in experimentally infected calves.	this preliminary study on the diffusion of the bovid herpesvirus 2 (bhv2) in calves inoculated intravenously, allowed to identify the target organs of the virus. in particular, in the first phase of the infection, i.e. post infection day (pid) 2, the virus resulted extensively widespread in the body of the calf, whereas in a subsequent phase, pid6, the virus was recovered only from the skin, the lymph nodes and the nervous system. finally virus was not recovered in any of the tissues obtained fr ...	1977	207630
effect of a novel adenosine deaminase inhibitor (co-vidarabine, co-v) upon the antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo of vidarabine (vira-atm) for dna virus replication.	a new potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (co-vidarabine) was used in combination studies with adenine arabinoside (vidarabine, vira-atm) to protect this purine nucleoside from enzymatic deamination to the more weakly active metabolite, hypoxanthine arabinoside. comparing the combination to vidarabine alone, a significant increase (10-fold) of the antiviral activity of the combined drugs was observed against herpes and vaccinia viruses in tissue culture and subcutaneously, against cranial he ...	1977	212990
eczema herpeticum caused by herpesvirus type 2. a case in a patient with darier disease.	this, to our knowledge, is the first documented report of eczema herpeticum due to infection with herpesvirus hominis type 2. the virus was isolated from a patient with known darier disease who developed kaposi varicelliform eruption. recent increases in the incidence of infection with type 2 herpes simplex as well as the high frequency of recurrence with this virus make this infection of potential significance in patients with preexisting cutaneous disease.	1977	196558