Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| molecular diagnosis of microbial contamination in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products: a review. | molecular methodologies such as adenosine triphosphate (atp) bioluminescence and polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assays provide rapid quality control analysis of cosmetic and pharmaceutical finished products and raw materials. using a single enrichment broth for bacteria, yeast, and mold, atp bioluminescence detected microbial contamination within 27 h. samples were automatically lysed to release microbial atp and light production was quantitated using the celsis optocomp. however, to main ... | 2001 | 11417629 |
| the alkane hydroxylase gene of burkholderia cepacia rr10 is under catabolite repression control. | in many microorganisms the first step for alkane degradation is the terminal oxidation of the molecule by an alkane hydroxylase. we report the characterization of a gene coding for an alkane hydroxylase in a burkholderia cepacia strain isolated from an oil-contaminated site. the protein encoded showed similarity to other known or predicted bacterial alkane hydroxylases, although it clustered on a separate branch together with the predicted alkane hydroxylase of a mycobacterium tuberculosis strai ... | 2001 | 11418560 |
| nodulation of legumes by members of the beta-subclass of proteobacteria. | members of the leguminosae form the largest plant family on earth, with around 18,000 species. the success of legumes can largely be attributed to their ability to form a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with specific bacteria known as rhizobia, manifested by the development of nodules on the plant roots in which the bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen, a major contributor to the global nitrogen cycle. rhizobia described so far belong exclusively to the alpha-subclass of proteobacteria, where they are di ... | 2001 | 11418858 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei kills the nematode caenorhabditis elegans using an endotoxin-mediated paralysis. | we investigated a non-mammalian host model system for fitness in genetic screening for virulence-attenuating mutations in the potential biowarfare agents burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei. we determined that b. pseudomallei is able to cause 'disease-like' symptoms and kill the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. analysis of killing in the surrogate disease model with b. pseudomallei mutants indicated that killing did not require lipopolysaccharide (lps) o-antigen, aminoglycoside/mac ... | 2001 | 11422081 |
| effects of rice seed surface sterilization with hypochlorite on inoculated burkholderia vietnamiensis. | when a combination of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite was used to surface sterilize rice seeds, a 10(2)- to 10(4)-fold decrease in cfu was observed during the first 15 h after inoculation of the rice rhizosphere organism burkholderia vietnamiensis tvv75. this artifact could not be eliminated simply by rinsing the seeds, even thoroughly, with sterile distilled water. when growth resumed, a significant increase in the frequency of rifampin- and nalidixic acid-resistant mutants in the population ... | 2001 | 11425720 |
| groel encodes a highly antigenic protein in burkholderia pseudomallei. | no recombinant protein is available for serodiagnosis of melioidosis. in this study, we report the cloning of the groel gene, which encodes an immunogenic protein of burkholderia pseudomallei. bidirectional dna sequencing of groel revealed that the gene contained a single open reading frame encoding 546 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 57.1 kda. basic local alignment search tool analysis showed that the putative protein encoded by groel is homologous to the chaperonins enco ... | 2001 | 11427437 |
| rapid characterization of the genomovars of the burkholderia cepacia complex by pcr-single-stranded conformational polymorphism (pcr-sscp) analysis. | four polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primer pairs (a-d), specific for the burkholderia cepacia complex of organisms were designed to encompass the entire gene (approximately 1300 bp) from sequence alignments of the rec a operon of b. cepacia. genomic bacterial dna from type strains and wild-type b. cepacia complex isolates of previously determined genomovar status was amplified employing these four primer pairs, as well as a fifth primer set (e) already published. primer sets b, c and e were suc ... | 2001 | 11428880 |
| disproportionate distribution of burkholderia cepacia complex species and transmissibility markers in cystic fibrosis. | several distinct species (genomovars) comprise bacteria previously identified merely as burkholderia cepacia. understanding how these species, collectively referred to as the b. cepacia complex, differ in their epidemiology and pathogenic potential in cystic fibrosis (cf) is important in efforts to refine management strategies. b. cepacia isolates recovered from 606 cf patients receiving care at 132 treatment centers in 105 cities in the united states were assessed to determine species within th ... | 2001 | 11435245 |
| use of selective inhibitors and chromogenic substrates to differentiate bacteria based on toluene oxygenase activity. | in whole-cell studies, two alkynes, 1-pentyne and phenylacetylene, were selective, irreversible inhibitors of monooxygenase enzymes in catabolic pathways that permit growth of bacteria on toluene. 1-pentyne selectively inhibited growth of burkholderia cepacia g4 (toluene 2-monooxygenase [t2mo] pathway) and b. pickettii pko1 (toluene 3-monooxygenase [t3mo] pathway) on toluene, but did not inhibit growth of bacteria expressing other pathways. in further studies with strain g4, chromogenic transfor ... | 2001 | 11438182 |
| clinical outcome after acquisition of burkholderia cepacia in patients with cystic fibrosis. | respiratory disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (cf). the significance of burkholderia cepacia (b. cepacia) in the pathogenesis of lung disease in cf is debated, but its exact role remains unclear. | 2001 | 11440408 |
| long-term preservation of strains of burkholderia cepacia, pseudomonas spp. and stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. | long-term preservation methods are important in the maintenance of bacteria for downstream research applications. most clinical laboratories have only limited resources for archiving isolates and therefore require cost-effective and simple methods. an effective and cheap storage method using debrinated blood and maintenance at -80 degrees c is described. | 2001 | 11442821 |
| invasion of murine respiratory epithelial cells in vivo by burkholderia cepacia. | pulmonary infections caused by burkholderia cepacia are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. several features suggestive of invasion and intracellular sequestration of b. cepacia in cf are persistence of infection in the face of antibiotic therapy and a propensity to cause bacteraemic infections in patients with cf. a mouse respiratory challenge model was used to investigate the invasion phenotype of b. cepacia in vivo. after intratracheal inoculation, ... | 2001 | 11444769 |
| production of oxalate in the culture supernate of burkholderia pseudomallei. | 2001 | 11444779 | |
| marinobacter strain nce312 has a pseudomonas-like naphthalene dioxygenase. | one strain of bacteria, designated nce312, was isolated from a naphthalene-digesting chemostat culture that was inoculated with creosote-contaminated marine sediment. the strain was isolated based on its ability to grow using naphthalene as a sole carbon source. in addition, the strain degraded 2-methylnaphthalene and 1-methylnaphthalene. analysis of a 16s rrna gene sequence from nce312 placed the isolate in the genus marinobacter. degenerate pcr primers were used to amplify a fragment of a naph ... | 2001 | 11445166 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei virulence: definition, stability and association with clonality. | clinical presentations of melioidosis, caused by burkholderia pseudomallei are protean, but the mechanisms underlying development of the different forms of disease remain poorly understood. in murine melioidosis, the level of virulence of b. pseudomallei is important in disease pathogenesis and progression. in this study, we used b. pseudomallei-susceptible balb/c mice to determine the virulence of a library of clinical and environmental b. pseudomallei isolates from australia and papua new guin ... | 2001 | 11445448 |
| enhanced susceptibility to pulmonary infection with burkholderia cepacia in cftr(-/-) mice. | progressive pulmonary infection is the dominant clinical feature of cystic fibrosis (cf), but the molecular basis for this susceptibility remains incompletely understood. to study this problem, we developed a model of chronic pneumonia by repeated instillation of a clinical isolate of burkholderia cepacia (genomovar iii, et12 strain), an opportunistic gram-negative bacterium, from a case of cf into the lungs of cftr (m1unc-/-) (cftr(-/-)) and congenic cftr(+/+) controls. nine days after the last ... | 2001 | 11447196 |
| comparative in vitro activity of gemifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and ofloxacin in a north american surveillance study. | the in vitro activity of gemifloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, was compared to three marketed fluoroquinolones; ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and ofloxacin against over 4,000 recent clinical isolates covering 29 species isolated in the united states and canada between 1997-1999. based on mic(90)s, gemifloxacin was the most potent fluoroquinolone tested against a majority of gram-positive isolates: streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin resistant s. pneumoniae, macrolide resistant s. pneumoniae, cipro ... | 2001 | 11448564 |
| [the effect of tannery waste products on viability of selected bacteria from activated sludge]. | in this study we have investigated the influence of sludge on the activity of bacteria strains: acinetobacter baumannii, aeromonas hydrophila and pseudomonas cepacia. to our studies we have taken waste materials used in the chromium compound leather tanning process as well as materials from leather fat and waste materials, in general. it was confirmed that 1:20 dilution of chromium tanning leather waste, retanage and leather fat allowed the survivability of bacteria in all three strains. through ... | 2001 | 11452739 |
| complex of burkholderia cepacia lipase with transition state analogue of 1-phenoxy-2-acetoxybutane: biocatalytic, structural and modelling study. | in a series of four racemic phenoxyalkyl-alkyl carbinols, 1-phenoxy-2-hydroxybutane (1) is enantioselectively acetylated by burkholderia cepacia (formerly pseudomonas cepacia) lipase with an e value > or = 200, whereas for the other three racemates e was found to be < or = 4. to explain the high preference of b. cepacia lipase for (r)-(+)-1, a precursor of its transition state analogue with a tetrahedral p-atom, (r(p),s(p))-o-(2r)-(1-phenoxybut-2-yl)methylphosphonic acid chloride was prepared an ... | 2001 | 11453990 |
| occurrence of burkholderia cepacia in foods and waters: clinical implications for patients with cystic fibrosis. | two hundred forty-eight retail "ready-to-eat" foodstuffs in eight food categories and 134 waters categorized into nine types were analyzed for the presence of the burkholderia cepacia complex of organisms. of these, 14 of 26 (53.8%) samples of raw unpasteurized bovine milk were positive for this organism. consumption of raw unpasteurized milk may therefore act as a potential source of infection with this organism, which is of particular concern for patients with cystic fibrosis, where colonizati ... | 2001 | 11456196 |
| women with cystic fibrosis and their potential for reproduction. | 2001 | 11462069 | |
| diplomats in bangkok and risk of melioidosis. | 2001 | 11468118 | |
| a novel esterase from burkholderia gladioli which shows high deacetylation activity on cephalosporins is related to beta-lactamases and dd-peptidases. | the gene (estb) encoding for a novel esterase (estb) from burkholderia gladioli (formerly pseudomonas marginata) ncppb 1891 was cloned in escherichia coli. sequence analysis showed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 392 amino acid residues, with a molecular mass of about 42 kda. comparison of the amino acid sequence with those of other homologous enzymes indicated homologies to beta-lactamases, penicillin binding proteins and dd-peptidases. the serine residue (ser(75)) which is loca ... | 2001 | 11472796 |
| multiphasic kinetics of transformation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene at nano- and micromolar concentrations by burkholderia sp. strain ps14. | the transformation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-tcb) at initial concentrations in nano- and micromolar ranges was studied in batch experiments with burkholderia sp. strain ps14. 1,2,4-tcb was metabolized from nano- and micromolar concentrations to below its detection limit of 0.5 nm. at low initial 1,2,4-tcb concentrations, a first-order relationship between specific transformation rate and substrate concentration was observed with a specific affinity (a(0)(a)) of 0.32 liter. mg (dry weight) ... | 2001 | 11472925 |
| burkholderia cepacia complex infection in italian patients with cystic fibrosis: prevalence, epidemiology, and genomovar status. | the prevalence, epidemiology, and genomovar status of burkholderia cepacia complex strains recovered from italian cystic fibrosis (cf) patients were investigated using genetic typing and species identification methods. four cf treatment centers were examined: two in sicily, one in central italy, and one in northern italy. b. cepacia complex bacteria were isolated from 59 out of 683 cf patients attending these centers (8.6%). for the two geographically related treatment centers in sicily, there w ... | 2001 | 11474009 |
| glanders in a military research microbiologist. | 2001 | 11474663 | |
| ready or not--preparedness for bioterrorism. | 2001 | 11474670 | |
| melioidosis: a clinical model for gram-negative sepsis. | 2001 | 11478666 | |
| flagellin gene pcr-rflp analysis of a panel of strains from the burkholderia cepacia complex. | burkholderia cepacia, an important opportunist pathogen, is genetically heterogeneous. the b. cepacia complex has been subdivided into a number of genospecies or genomovars. a flagellin gene pcr-rflp method was applied to a representative panel of strains of known genomovar. the technique was able to distinguish strains of b. multivorans from other members of the b. cepacia complex on the basis of amplicon size (typical of type i rather than type ii flagellins) with the exception of one genomova ... | 2001 | 11478677 |
| arbitrarily primed pcr and sequencing of 16s rdna for epidemiological typing and species identification of burkholderia cepacia isolates from swedish patients with cystic fibrosis reveal genetic heterogeneity. | to investigate whether arbitrarily primed (ap)-pcr and/or 16s rdna sequencing could be used as rapid methods for epidemiological typing and species identification of clinical burkholderia isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), a total of 39 clinical b. cepacia isolates, including 33 isolates from 14 cf patients, were fingerprinted. eric-2 primer was used for ap-pcr. the ap-pcr clustering analysis resulted in 14 different clusters at a 70% similarity level. the ap-prc patterns were ind ... | 2001 | 11478687 |
| antibiotic resistance in burkholderia cepacia at two regional cystic fibrosis centres in northern ireland: is there a need for synergy testing? | 2001 | 11481312 | |
| purification and characterization of a lactonase from burkholderia sp. r-711, that hydrolyzes (r)-5-oxo-2-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid. | a lactonase hydrolyzing (r)-5-oxo-2-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid to d-alpha-hydroxyglutaric acid was purified 170-fold with 2% recovery to near homogeneity from crude extracts of burkholderia sp. r-711, which had been isolated as a bacterium able to assimilate (r)-5-oxo-2-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid. the molecular mass was estimated to be 33 kda by gel filtration. the purified preparation migrated as a single band of molecular mass 38 kda upon sds-page. the maximum activity was observed at ... | 2001 | 11491083 |
| limnobacter thiooxidans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium isolated from freshwater lake sediment. | two novel thiosulfate-oxidizing strains were isolated from sediment of the littoral zone of a freshwater lake (lake chiemsee, bavaria, germany). the new isolates, designated cs-k1 and cs-k2t, were gram-negative, slightly curved rods with pointed ends that were motile by means of single polar flagella. both strains were obligately aerobic and grew on a variety of organic substrates, but not autotrophically. the utilization of thiosulfate led to an increase in the growth yield, indicating that the ... | 2001 | 11491347 |
| burkholderia ambifaria sp. nov., a novel member of the burkholderia cepacia complex including biocontrol and cystic fibrosis-related isolates. | a polyphasic taxonomic study, including amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) fingerprinting, dna-dna hybridizations, dna base-ratio determinations, phylogenetic analysis, whole-cell fatty acid analyses and an extensive biochemical characterization, was performed on 19 burkholderia cepacia-like isolates from the environment and cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. several of the environmental isolates have attracted considerable interest due to their biocontrol properties. the polyphasic taxon ... | 2001 | 11491349 |
| burkholderia cepacia complex: a contraindication to lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis? | previous studies have indicated that pulmonary infection with burkholderia cepacia is associated with poor clinical outcome after lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis (cf). many treatment centers consider b. cepacia infection an absolute contraindication to lung transplantation. however, the b. cepacia complex actually consists of several closely related bacterial species. although each of these has been isolated from cf sputum culture, certain species are much more frequently recovered than ... | 2001 | 11493397 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei-specific recombinant protein and its potential in the diagnosis of melioidosis. | melioidosis is an important public health problem in southeast asia and northern australia. this disease is caused by the gram-negative bacilli, burkholderia pseudomallei. wide spectra of clinical manifestations are observed in melioidosis ranging from asymptomatic to septicemic infection. although serodiagnostic methods of melioidosis have been improved significantly in recent years, a highly specific diagnostic test that can differentiate asymptomatic seropositive individuals and melioidosis p ... | 2001 | 11495298 |
| analysis of transcription of the bph locus of burkholderia sp. strain lb400 and evidence that the orf0 gene product acts as a regulator of the bpha1 promoter. | although gene clusters for the degradation of biphenyls and polychlorobiphenyls have been extensively characterized, comparatively little is known about the regulation of their expression. in the present work, different aspects of transcription of the bph locus of the potent polychlorobiphenyl degrader burkholderia sp. strain lb400 were investigated. an rna blot analysis of the entire gene cluster revealed that the transcription of all genes encoding biphenyl catabolic enzymes responded similarl ... | 2001 | 11495994 |
| structural analysis of the exopolysaccharide from burkholderia caribensis strain mwap71. | burkholderia caribensis strain mwap71 was isolated from rhizosphere soil microaggregates in martinique. the extracellular polysaccharide produced by this strain was found to be composed of d-glucose (d-glc), 6-deoxy-l-talose (l-6dtal), 3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (kdo), and an o-acetyl group in a molar ratio of 2:1:1:1. the primary structure of the polysaccharide was shown by sugar analysis, electrospray mass spectrometry, partial acid hydrolysis and 1-d and 2-d nmr spectroscopy to consi ... | 2001 | 11502268 |
| differentiation between non-virulent and virulent burkholderia pseudomallei with monoclonal antibodies to the ara+ or ara- biotypes. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a fatal tropical infectious disease endemic in southeast asia. environmental isolates of b. pseudomallei have two distinctive biotypes. some soil isolates are arabinose-assimilators (ara+ biotype) and are non-virulent in experimental animals. the others cannot assimilate arabinose (ara- biotype) and are virulent in experimental animals. the ara- biotype is found in almost all b. pseudomallei clinical isolates. in the present study, ... | 2001 | 11504398 |
| case report: recovery from persistent septicemic melioidosis. | septicemic melioidosis is often fatal despite treatment with antibiotics such as ceftazidime to which burkholderia pseudomallei, the causal pathogen, is sensitive in vitro. we report a near-fatal case of septicemic melioidosis with persistent b. pseudomallei bacteremia despite intravenous ceftazidime in which combination therapy with meropenem and ciprofloxacin, splenectomy and correction of metabolic acidosis allowed for hospital discharge. the choice of antibiotic agents was supported by intra ... | 2001 | 11504412 |
| production in vitro, on different solid culture media, of two distinct exopolysaccharides by a mucoid clinical strain of burkholderia cepacia. | the production of exopolysaccharides (epss) by a mucoid clinical isolate of burkholderia cepacia involved in infections in cystic fibrosis patients, was studied. depending on the growth conditions, this strain was able to produce two different eps, namely ps-i and ps-ii, either alone or together. ps-i is composed of equimolar amounts of glucose and galactose with pyruvate as substituent, and was produced on all media tested. ps-ii is constituted of rhamnose, mannose, galactose, glucose and glucu ... | 2001 | 11506920 |
| biodegradation of quinoline by gel immobilized burkholderia sp. | burkholderia sp, a gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobe, capable of degrading quinoline was immobilized in calcium alginate gel beads and used for degradation of quinoline in aqueous solution in the reactor. the optimal conditions for immobilization of the microorganism, such as alginate concentration, calcium ion concentration, initial cell loading, hardening time and bead size, were determined with a view to improving the quinoline degradation rate. the characteristics of quinoline degradation by ... | 2001 | 11513389 |
| directed evolution of biphenyl dioxygenase: emergence of enhanced degradation capacity for benzene, toluene, and alkylbenzenes. | biphenyl dioxygenase (bph dox) catalyzes the initial oxygenation of biphenyl and related compounds. bph dox is a multicomponent enzyme in which a large subunit (encoded by the bpha1 gene) is significantly responsible for substrate specificity. by using the process of dna shuffling of bpha1 of pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes kf707 and burkholderia cepacia lb400, a number of evolved bph dox enzymes were created. among them, an escherichia coli clone expressing chimeric bph dox exhibited extremely en ... | 2001 | 11514531 |
| a case of thoracic empyema due to suppurative melioidosis. | melioidosis is considered a rare disease in hong kong, and its diagnosis and treatment can be difficult. we report the case of a patient who presented with thoracic empyema. the material sampled from the empyema was initially labelled burkholderia cepacia. the diagnosis of melioidosis due to burkholderia pseudomallei could only be made after repeated cultures, and performing arginine dihydrolase and serological tests. the patient was initially treated with imipenem for 2 weeks, and then with cip ... | 2001 | 11514758 |
| viability and stability of biological control agents on cotton and snap bean seeds. | cotton and snap bean were selected for a multi-year, multi-state regional (south-eastern usa) research project to evaluate the efficacy of both commercial and experimental bacterial and fungal biological control agents for the management of damping-off diseases. the goal for this portion of the project was to determine the viability and stability of biological agents after application to seed. the biological seed treatments used included: (1) bacillaceae bacteria, (2) non-bacillaceae bacteria, ( ... | 2001 | 11517723 |
| burkholderia cepacia and cystic fibrosis--50 years on. | burkholderia cepacia (also known as pseudomonas cepacia or p. multivorans), is a complex of bacteria that are phylogenetically distinguishable from each other but phenotypically indistinguishable. though already present in the environment, they have been given selective advantage by changing environments and now infect a new and susceptible host group--cystic fibrosis sufferers. this brief review highlights the transmission of b. cepacia through the cystic fibrosis patient population and looks a ... | 2001 | 11524998 |
| factors associated with poor pulmonary function: cross-sectional analysis of data from the ercf. european epidemiologic registry of cystic fibrosis. | the european epidemiologic registry of cystic fibrosis began collecting longitudinal data on european cystic fibrosis patients in 1994. a cross-sectional analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with low values of % predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (fev1) upon patient enrollment. data from 7,010 patients aged > or =6 yrs were included. clinical conditions, microbiological isolates and medications reported at enrollment or within the following 180 days were analys ... | 2001 | 11529288 |
| paediatric melioidosis in the northern territory of australia: an expanding clinical spectrum. | the objective of this study was to present the laboratory and clinical features of the six cases of paediatric melioidosis diagnosed from 1997-2000. | 2001 | 11532051 |
| the cep quorum-sensing system of burkholderia cepacia h111 controls biofilm formation and swarming motility. | burkholderia cepacia and pseudomonas aeruginosa often co-exist as mixed biofilms in the lungs of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (cf). here, the isolation of random mini-tn5 insertion mutants of b. cepacia h111 defective in biofilm formation on an abiotic surface is reported. it is demonstrated that one of these mutants no longer produces n-acylhomoserine lactones (ahls) due to an inactivation of the cepr gene. cepr and the cepi ahl synthase gene together constitute the cep quorum-sensin ... | 2001 | 11535791 |
| effect of water activity and immobilization on fatty acid selectivity for esterification reactions mediated by lipases. | the effect of water activity (a(w)) and immobilization on fatty acid (fa) selectivity of burkholderia (formerly pseudomonas) cepacia, rhizomucor miehei, candida antarctica (type b), and candida rugosa lipases in esterification reactions was determined. studies were based on measuring ester formation in multicompetitive reaction mixtures containing either the homologous series of even carbon number n-chain saturated fa (c4-c18) or a series of n-chain (un)saturated fa (c18:x, where x = 0-3 double ... | 2001 | 11536145 |
| biocatalysis in ionic liquids: markedly enhanced enantioselectivity of lipase. | [reaction: see text] lipase-catalyzed transesterifications in ionic liquids proceeded with markedly enhanced enantioselectivity. it was observed that lipases were up to 25 times more enantioselective in ionic liquids than in conventional organic solvents. | 2001 | 11388853 |
| variable correction of host defense following gene transfer and bone marrow transplantation in murine x-linked chronic granulomatous disease. | chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) is an inherited immunodeficiency in which the absence of the phagocyte superoxide-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph) oxidase results in recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. a murine model of x-linked cgd (x-cgd) was used to explore variables influencing reconstitution of host defense following bone marrow transplantation and retroviral-mediated gene transfer. the outcomes of experimental infection with aspergillus fumigatus, s ... | 2001 | 11389011 |
| randomized, double-blind, controlled study of cefoperazone-sulbactam plus cotrimoxazole versus ceftazidime plus cotrimoxazole for the treatment of severe melioidosis. | we conducted a prospective randomized, double-blind, controlled study of cefoperazone-sulbactam (ratio, 1:1; cefoperazone 25 mg/kg/day) plus cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [tmp-smz] at a ratio of 80:400; tmp, 8 mg/kg/day) versus ceftazidime (100 mg/kg/day) plus cotrimoxazole (tmp, 8 mg/kg/day) for the treatment of severe melioidosis. of 219 patients enrolled in the study, 102 (47%) had culture-proven melioidosis. these patients were assigned randomly to 2 treatment groups, each wit ... | 2001 | 11389491 |
| structure of an acidic exopolysaccharide produced by the diazotrophic endophytic bacterium burkholderia brasiliensis. | the structure of an exopolysaccharide (eps) produced by burkholderia brasiliensis, a diazotrophic endophytic organism originally isolated from rice roots, has been determined. the bacterium was grown in a synthetic medium, containing mannitol and glutamate, which favours the expression of two anionic epss, which were separated by anion-exchange chromatography. the structure of the repeat unit of eps a, eluted at higher ionic strength, was determined by a combination of methylation analysis, part ... | 2001 | 11389718 |
| chronic granulomatous disease: a case report. | chronic granulomatous disease is one form of the phagocyte function disorder. unlike most patients with chronic granulomatous disease who develop signs and symptoms of chronic and recurrent pyogenic infections during the first 2 years of life, patients with mild forms of the disease may not present until the teenage years or even adulthood. thus, the diagnosis in these mild-form patients is often delayed. this paper describes a patient with the mild form of chronic granulomatous disease. a 7-yea ... | 2001 | 11393130 |
| immunolocalisation of burkholderia cepacia in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. | infection by burkholderia cepacia is sometimes fatal in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), as the organism can cause necrotising pneumonia and septicaemia (the cepacia syndrome), and is resistant to antibiotics. to increase knowledge of the pathogenesis of lung infection, the present study investigated the distribution of b. cepacia in lung explants from nine cf recipients of double lung transplants, of which six were colonised with both b. cepacia and pseudomonas aeruginosa and the other three ... | 2001 | 11393291 |
| [burkholderia cepacia: dangers of a phytopathogen organism for patients with cystic fibrosis]. | burkholderia cepacia is an environmental bacterium, capable of colonising vegetal and animal tissues, involved in human opportunist nosocomial infections, and above all, in pulmonary colonisations in patients with cystic fibrosis. in these patients, infection may be followed by a severe deterioration with bacteraemia, leading to death. moreover, owing to the epidemic spread of some clones within cystic fibrosis communities, strict preventive guidelines have to be instituted. early detection of b ... | 2001 | 11397673 |
| cytokinin production by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and selected mutants. | one of the proposed mechanisms by which rhizobacteria enhance plant growth is through the production of plant growth regulators. five plant growth promoting rhizobacterial (pgpr) strains produced the cytokinin dihydrozeatin riboside (dhzr) in pure culture. cytokinin production by pseudomonas fluorescens g20-18, a rifampicin-resistant mutant (rif), and two tnphoa-derived mutants (cnt1, cnt2), with reduced capacity to synthesize cytokinins, was further characterized in pure culture using immunoass ... | 2001 | 11400730 |
| distribution of quorum-sensing genes in the burkholderia cepacia complex. | the distribution of quorum-sensing genes among strains from seven genomovars of the burkholderia cepacia complex was examined by pcr. cepr and cepi were amplified from b. cepacia genomovars i and iii, b. stabilis, and b. vietnamiensis. cepr was also amplified from b. multivorans and b. cepacia genomovar vi. bviir were amplified from b. vietnamiensis. all genomovars produced n-octanoyl-l-homoserine lactone and n-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone. b. vietnamiensis and b. cepacia genomovar vii produced ... | 2001 | 11402012 |
| synthesis of multiple n-acylhomoserine lactones is wide-spread among the members of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | seventy strains of the burkholderia cepacia complex, which currently comprises six genomic species, were tested for their ability to produce n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules. using thin layer chromatography in conjunction with a range of ahl biosensors, we show that most strains primarily produce two ahls, namely n-octanoylhomoserine lactone (c8-hsl) and n-hexanoylhomoserine lactone (c6-hsl). furthermore, some strains belonging to b. vietnamiensis (genomovar v) produce additional ... | 2001 | 11403388 |
| acute respiratory failure in melioidosis. | in melioidosis caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, although every organ in the body may be involved, the highest mortality of 73% occurs when the respiratory system is affected. these patients invariably die of acute respiratory failure. most of them also have underlying predisposing factors like diabetes mellitus. | 2001 | 11405563 |
| interventions for treating melioidosis. | melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium (burkholderia pseudomallei) found particularly in some areas in the tropics. it is a serious condition which can be fatal. beta lactam antibiotics have dramatically reduced the risk of death, but mortality still remains high. | 2001 | 11405983 |
| in vitro antibiotic susceptibilities of burkholderia mallei (causative agent of glanders) determined by broth microdilution and e-test. | in vitro susceptibilities to 28 antibiotics were determined for 11 strains of burkholderia mallei by the broth microdilution method. the b. mallei strains demonstrated susceptibility to aminoglycosides, macrolides, quinolones, doxycycline, piperacillin, ceftazidime, and imipenem. for comparison and evaluation, 17 antibiotic susceptibilities were also determined by the e-test. e-test values were always lower than the broth dilution values. establishing and comparing antibiotic susceptibilities of ... | 2001 | 11408233 |
| purification and catalytic properties of the chlorophenol 4-monooxygenase from burkholderia cepacia strain ac1100. | burkholderia cepacia strain ac1100 can be induced for the degradation of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-tcp). we have purified the active enzyme 30-fold to apparent homogeneity with a 44% yield by a two-step chromatographic procedure, and showed that it consists of a single type of subunit of 59 kda based on sds-page using coomassie blue and sypro staining. this enzyme has no bound prosthetic group but requires exogenous addition of fad and nadh to perform the dioxygen-dependent hydroxylation in t ... | 2001 | 11410285 |
| burkholderia fungorum sp. nov. and burkholderia caledonica sp. nov., two new species isolated from the environment, animals and human clinical samples. | a polyphasic taxonomic study that included dna-dna hybridizations, dna base ratio determinations, 16s rdna sequence analyses, whole-cell protein and fatty acid analyses and an extensive biochemical characterization was performed on 16 strains isolated from the environment, animals and human clinical samples. the isolates belonged to the genus burkholderia, were phylogenetically closely related to burkholderia graminis, burkholderia caribensis and burkholderia phenazinium and had g+c contents bet ... | 2001 | 11411678 |
| sugar composition of biofilms produced by paper mill bacteria. | biofilms of paper mill bacteria were cultivated in paper mill white water-simulating conditions on glass slides or stainless steel coupons in a laboratory culture system. the sugar content and composition of the biofilms were analysed and compared with the sugar composition of paper mill slimes. acid methanolysis followed by gas chromatography revealed that burkholderia was the major biofilm producer in pure culture, producing up to 50 microg of biofilm sugar cm(-2) in 5 days in rich medium and ... | 2001 | 11414334 |
| outbreak of subclinical mastitis in a flock of dairy sheep associated with burkholderia cepacia complex infection. | an outbreak of subclinical mastitis in a flock of 620 milking sheep was investigated. microbiological and epidemiological analyses identified the causative agent as belonging to the burkholderia cepacia complex (formerly pseudomonas cepacia). every ewe in the milking flock was individually tested for subclinical mastitis on two separate occasions, 6 weeks apart, by the california (rapid) mastitis test (cmt). the proportion of cmt-positive ewes was 69 of 393 (17.6%) on the first sampling and 27 o ... | 2001 | 11230416 |
| phenotypic methods for determining genomovar status of the burkholderia cepacia complex. | recent taxonomic advances have demonstrated that burkholderia cepacia is a cluster of at least seven closely related genomic species (or genomovars) collectively referred to as the b. cepacia complex, all of which may cause infections among cystic fibrosis patients and other vulnerable individuals. thus, it is important for clinical microbiologists to be able to differentiate genomovars. prior to this study, 361 b. cepacia complex isolates and 51 isolates easily confused with b. cepacia complex ... | 2001 | 11230429 |
| [immunotropic and immunogenic properties of burkholderia pseudomallei surface and membrane antigens]. | the immunotropic and immunogenic properties of some chromatographic fractions of b. pseudomallei surface antigenic complex, as well as the preparations of b. pseudomallei outer and cytoplasmic membranes, were studied. the difference between the biopolymers under study in cytotoxicity, humoral and cell-mediated immunity characteristics, phagocytic activity were established. some antigenic fractions (b, c, c1, h) showed perceptible protective activity (25-60%) in experiments on mice infected with ... | 2001 | 11236497 |
| melioidosis splenic abscess--an unusual presentation as osteomyelitis of rib. | we report an unusual case of splenic melioidosis abscess presenting as osteomyelitis. | 2001 | 11242625 |
| type iii secretion systems and pathogenicity islands. | some bacterial pathogens have evolved by acquiring pathogenicity islands (pis), which are clusters of genes encoding virulence traits. pis encoding the secretion of effector molecules via type iii secretion (tts) systems have been discovered in several gram-negative pathogens. tts systems are involved in contact-dependent secretion of virulence factors and can facilitate delivery of toxins directly into target cells. the expanding list of bacteria found to contain clusters of tts genes includes ... | 2001 | 11211218 |
| genotypic and chemotaxonomic evidence for the reclassification of pseudomonas woodsii (smith 1911) stevens 1925 as burkholderia andropogonis (smith 1911) gillis et al. 1995. | it was reported before that [pseudomonas] woodsii and burkholderia andropogonis are phenotypically indistinguishable and probably represent the same taxon, for which the name b. andropogonis has been proposed. in the present study, it was found that [p.] woodsii and b. andropogonis strains were indistinguishable by whole-cell protein electrophoresis and have a highly similar cellular fatty acid composition. a high dna-dna binding value of 95% was found between the type strains of both species. i ... | 2001 | 11211258 |
| distribution of immunoglobulin classes and igg subclasses against a culture filtrate antigen of burkholderia pseudomallei in melioidosis patients. | the class and subclass distribution of antibody response to the culture filtrate antigen (cfa) of burkholderia pseudomallei was examined in the sera of 45 septicaemic and 17 localised melioidosis cases and 40 cases clinically suspected of melioidosis and the results were compared with those from high-risk and healthy control groups. the geometric mean titre index (gmti) values for all classes and subclasses of immunoglobulins examined were higher for sera from the proven and clinically suspected ... | 2001 | 11192506 |
| burkholderia gladioli: recurrent abscesses in a patient with cystic fibrosis. | we describe a case of an adult patient with cystic fibrosis who developed chronic pulmonary infection and multiple episodes of soft tissue abscesses with burkholderia gladioli; this organism should be added to the list of potential pathogens for individuals with cystic fibrosis. | 2001 | 11243758 |
| regulation of ornibactin biosynthesis and n-acyl-l-homoserine lactone production by cepr in burkholderia cepacia. | the cepr-cepi quorum-sensing system has been shown to regulate production of the siderophore ornibactin, extracellular proteases, and n-octanoyl-homoserine-l-lactone (ohl) in burkholderia cepacia strain k56-2. to examine the effect of cepir on production of other siderophores, cepr mutants were constructed in strains that produce pyochelin in addition to salicylic acid and ornibactins. pc715j-r1 (cepr::tp) hyperproduced ornibactin but produced parental levels of pyochelin and salicylic acid, sug ... | 2001 | 11244059 |
| mutagenic analysis of the conserved residues in dehalogenase iva of burkholderia cepacia mba4. | amino and carboxyl terminal deletion derivatives of dehalogenase iva (dehiva) of burkholderia cepacia mba4 were constructed and analyzed for enzyme activity and for protein integrity. the results suggested that the majority of the protein is indispensable. point mutations on 29 conserved charged and/or polar residues were generated and characterized. derivatives d11e, d11n, d11s and d181n were totally inactive while mutant n178d was defective in catalysis. mutations of other conserved residues d ... | 2001 | 11682192 |
| identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of alcaligenes xylosoxidans isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis. | in the past decade, potential pathogens, including alcaligenes species, have been increasingly recovered from cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. accurate identification of multiply antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli is critical to understanding the epidemiology and clinical implications of emerging pathogens in cf. we examined the frequency of correct identification of alcaligenes spp. by microbiology laboratories affiliated with american cf patient care centers. selective media, an exotoxin ... | 2001 | 11682511 |
| reversible michael reaction-enzymatic hydrolysis: a new variant of dynamic resolution. | 2001 | 11686718 | |
| lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis: immune system and autoimmunity. | in the current study we focused on changes in the immune parameters of patients with cf after lung transplantation (tx), with particular emphasis on the interaction of the immune system, infection, the autoimmune phenomenon observed in some cf patients, and immunosuppression. | 2001 | 11687733 |
| paraplegia secondary to burkholderia pseudomallei myelitis: a case report. | bacterial infection is an uncommon cause of acute paraplegia. a 42-year-old aboriginal man presented to a remote health clinic in northern australia with myelitis associated with burkholderia pseudomallei. he was treated with analgesia and intravenous flucloxacillin, ceftriaxone, and gentamicin and transferred to our hospital, where an urgent t12-l1 laminectomy and decompression was performed. urine culture confirmed b. pseudomallei infection (melioidosis). abdominopelvic computed tomography rev ... | 2001 | 11689986 |
| fatal human melioidosis acquired in a subtropical australian city. | we describe an acute fatal human case of melioidosis acquired in ipswich, a city at 27.5 degrees s in southern queensland, south of the area traditionally considered endemic for melioidosis in australia. molecular typing revealed that this patient isolate was genetically distinct from 2 other human and 1 bovine isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from the same region and from 4 tropical northern australian strains. this finding suggests that if b. pseudomallei has been introduced to the region ... | 2001 | 11693877 |
| cloning, sequence analysis and expression of a gene encoding an organic solvent- and detergent-tolerant cholesterol oxidase of burkholderia cepacia strain st-200. | burkholderia cepacia strain st-200 produces an extracellular cholesterol oxidase which is stable and highly active in the presence of organic solvents. this cholesterol oxidase produces 6beta-hydroperoxycholest-4-en-3-one from cholesterol, with the consumption of two moles of o2 and the formation of one mole of h2o2. the structural gene encoding the cholesterol oxidase was cloned and sequenced. the primary translation product was predicted to be 582 amino acid residues. the mature product is com ... | 2001 | 11693912 |
| retrospective study on the diagnostic value of igg elisa, dot immunoassay and indirect hemagglutination in septicemic melioidosis. | three serological methods for diagnosis of melioidosis were compared with the culture method currently used as the "gold standard". the diagnostic values of the serological methods were evaluated retrospectively in 306 patients residing in an endemic area. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using affinity purified antigen for detecting specific igg antibody, showed a slightly higher specificity (86.0%) than the dot immunoassay (dot) (84.0%) and both were superior to indirect hemagglu ... | 2001 | 11699719 |
| ribotyping of burkholderia pseudomallei from clinical and soil isolates in thailand. | burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil saprophyte that causes melioidosis in humans and animals. restriction fragment length polymorphism of the ribosomal dna regions (ribotyping) were analyzed in 577 isolates comprising 371 clinical and 206 soil isolates collected throughout thailand in 1997. a total of 77 distinct ribotype patterns consisting of 2-9 bands with sizes ranging from 2.8 to >23 kb were found. twelve major ribotypes were identified of which types 3, 8 and 23 were commonly found (278/57 ... | 2001 | 11700181 |
| diversity of the burkholderia cepacia complex and implications for risk assessment of biological control strains. | the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) consists of several species of closely related and extremely versatile gram-negative bacteria found naturally in soil, water, and the rhizosphere of plants. strains of bcc have been used in biological control of plant diseases and bioremediation, while some strains are plant pathogens or opportunistic pathogens of humans with cystic fibrosis. the ecological versatility of these bacteria is likely due to their unusually large genomes, which are often compris ... | 2001 | 11701865 |
| common mechanisms for pathogens of plants and animals. | the vast evolutionary gulf between plants and animals--in terms of structure, composition, and many environmental factors--would seem to preclude the possibility that these organisms could act as receptive hosts to the same microorganism. however, some pathogens are capable of establishing themselves and thriving in members of both the plant and animal kingdoms. the identification of functionally conserved virulence mechanisms required to infect hosts of divergent evolutionary origins demonstrat ... | 2001 | 11701866 |
| identification of a novel, multifunctional beta-defensin (human beta-defensin 3) with specific antimicrobial activity. its interaction with plasma membranes of xenopus oocytes and the induction of macrophage chemoattraction. | previous studies have shown the implication of beta-defensins in host defense of the human body. the human beta-defensins 1 and 2 (hbd-1, hbd-2) have been isolated by biochemical methods. here we report the identification of a third human beta-defensin, called human beta-defensin 3 (hbd-3; cdna sequence, genbank accession no. af295370), based on bioinformatics and functional genomic analysis. expression of hbd-3 is detected throughout epithelia of many organs and in non-epithelial tissues. in co ... | 2001 | 11702237 |
| burkholderia cepacia--a transmissible cystic fibrosis pathogen. | 2001 | 11713434 | |
| endemicity and inter-city spread of burkholderia cepacia genomovar iii in cystic fibrosis. | we sought to determine whether the same burkholderia cepacia complex strain has persisted as the dominant clonal lineage among patients in a large cystic fibrosis (cf) treatment center during the past 2 decades. | 2001 | 11713440 |
| melioidosis: an emerging tropical health problem. | 2001 | 11718367 | |
| interspecies biofilms of pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia. | the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (cf) continues to be lung infections with pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. co-colonization of the lungs with p aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia can result in more severe pulmonary disease than p. aeruginosa alone. the interactions between p. aeruginosa biofilms and b. cepacia are not yet understood; one possible association being that mixed species biofilm formation may be part of the interspecies relationship. using the calgary ... | 2001 | 11718549 |
| requirement of dna repair mechanisms for survival of burkholderia cepacia g4 upon degradation of trichloroethylene. | a tn5-based mutagenesis strategy was used to generate a collection of trichloroethylene (tce)-sensitive (tcs) mutants in order to identify repair systems or protective mechanisms that shield burkholderia cepacia g4 from the toxic effects associated with tce oxidation. single tn5 insertion sites were mapped within open reading frames putatively encoding enzymes involved in dna repair (uvrb, ruvb, reca, and recg) in 7 of the 11 tcs strains obtained (4 of the tcs strains had a single tn5 insertion ... | 2001 | 11722883 |
| pcr-based detection and identification of burkholderia cepacia complex pathogens in sputum from cystic fibrosis patients. | pcr amplification of the reca gene followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis was investigated for the rapid detection and identification of burkholderia cepacia complex genomovars directly from sputum. successful amplification of the b. cepacia complex reca gene from cystic fibrosis (cf) patient sputum samples containing b. cepacia genomovar i, burkholderia multivorans, b. cepacia genomovar iii, burkholderia stabilis, and burkholderia vietnamiensis was demonstrated. in ... | 2001 | 11724828 |
| identification of pandoraea species by 16s ribosomal dna-based pcr assays. | the recently described genus pandoraea contains five named species (pandoraea apista, pandoraea pulmonicola, pandoraea pnomenusa, pandoraea sputorum, and pandoraea norimbergensis) and four unnamed genomospecies. pandoraea spp. have mainly been recovered from the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. accurate genus- and species-level identification by routine clinical microbiology methods is difficult, and differentiation from burkholderia cepacia complex organisms may be especiall ... | 2001 | 11724860 |
| one case each of recurrent meningitis and hemoperitoneum infection with ralstonia mannitolilytica. | two clinical cases of infection with ralstonia mannitolilytica are described: a recurrent meningitis on an implanted intraventricular catheter and an infected hemoperitoneum as a complication of a cholangiocarcinoma. the strains were first misidentified as pseudomonas fluorescens and burkholderia cepacia. further testing lead to the identification as ralstonia pickettii biovar 3/"thomasii," which was recently shown to represent a separate species, r. mannitolilytica (list editor n. weiss, int. j ... | 2001 | 11724893 |
| burkholderia cepacia complex genomovars and pulmonary transplantation outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis. | burkholderia cepacia is a group of organisms that comprises seven genotypically distinct species (b cepacia genomovars i-vii), which are collectively known as the b cepacia complex. preoperative infection with b cepacia is associated with a poor prognosis in lung transplant recipients with cystic fibrosis. many centres do not, therefore, offer transplants to these individuals. our aim was to ascertain whether or not post-transplant mortality is affected by pretransplant genomovar status. we stud ... | 2001 | 11734238 |
| improved preparation and use of room-temperature ionic liquids in lipase-catalyzed enantio- and regioselective acylations. | polar organic solvents such as methanol or n-methylformamide inactivate lipases. although ionic liquids such as 3-alkyl-1-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborates have polarities similar to these polar organic solvents, they do not inactivate lipases. to get reliable lipase-catalyzed reactions in ionic liquids, we modified their preparation by adding a wash with aqueous sodium carbonate. lipase-catalyzed reactions that previously did not occur in untreated ionic liquids now occur at rates comparable ... | 2001 | 11735517 |
| lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis patients with burkholderia cepacia complex. survival linked to genomovar type. | the number of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients undergoing lung transplant has risen over the past decade, because of a clear-cut survival benefit. however, patients with burkholderia cepacia complex are often excluded from transplantation because of increased mortality. to determine the influence of b. cepacia complex genomovar type on transplant outcome, we undertook a retrospective study in 121 cf patients transplanted at unc. twenty-one and three patients, respectively, were infected pre- or pos ... | 2001 | 11739142 |
| a second type iii secretion system in burkholderia pseudomallei: who is the real culprit? | 2001 | 11739751 | |
| n-acylhomoserine-lactone-mediated communication between pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia in mixed biofilms. | pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia are capable of forming mixed biofilms in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. both bacteria employ quorum-sensing systems, which rely on n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules, to co-ordinate expression of virulence factors with the formation of biofilms. as both bacteria utilize the same class of signal molecules the authors investigated whether communication between the species occurs. to address this issue, novel gfp-based biosensors ... | 2001 | 11739757 |