Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| association of bovine respiratory syncytial virus with atypical interstitial pneumonia in feedlot cattle. | thirty-three cattle with fatal respiratory tract disease were examined for gross and histologic lesions and for the presence of viral and bacterial agents in the lungs. fifteen cattle had lesions characteristic of atypical interstitial pneumonia (aip), and 18 had other respiratory tract diseases, including infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, shipping fever pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, pulmonary abscess, and edema of the trachea. gross necropsy findings in the cattle with aip were uncollapsed and ... | 1988 | 2458690 |
| an immunoperoxidase method of detecting respiratory syncytial virus antigens in paraffin sections of pneumonic bovine lung. | using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunoperoxidase staining method, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen was demonstrated in glutaraldehyde-fixed, paraffin-processed lung sections from calves with induced rsv pneumonia. the virus also was detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-processed lung sections from calves with naturally occurring rsv pneumonia. specific immunoperoxidase staining was detected within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells and syncytia in small bronchi, bronchioli, and ... | 1988 | 2458691 |
| characteristics of in vitro production of mucosal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in tonsillar tissue lymphocytes. | tonsillar lymphocytes (tl) obtained from 39 subjects were established in culture in vitro, and analyzed for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) specific antibody synthesis after stimulation with pokeweed mitogen and live or ultraviolet light inactivated rsv. following stimulation with the virus, igg1, iga, and low levels of igg3 but no igg2, igg4, or ige anti-rsv antibody could be detected in the culture supernatants. the anti-rsv antibody production in tl did not show any correlation with the pre ... | 1988 | 2458875 |
| formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine induces antibodies to the fusion glycoprotein that are deficient in fusion-inhibiting activity. | the fusion (f) glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces neutralizing antibodies and antibodies that inhibit fusion of infected cells (fi antibody). it was previously shown that infants and children immunized with formalin-inactivated rsv 20 years ago developed antibodies that bound to the f glycoprotein but were deficient in neutralizing activity. a reexamination of these sera indicated that they were also deficient in fi activity. thus, formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine stimulat ... | 1988 | 2459154 |
| neutralization of respiratory syncytial virus by individual and mixtures of f and g protein monoclonal antibodies. | we identified several types of neutralization effected by f and g protein monoclonal antibodies (mabs) reacted individually or as mixtures against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). neutralizing activity was identified by a microneutralization test in which virus replication was determined by enzyme immunoassay. complete neutralization was seen only with mabs against the f protein. strain-specific neutralization, complete neutralization against some strains of rsv, and no neutralization against ... | 1988 | 2459412 |
| mapping an antibody-binding site and a t-cell-stimulating site on the 1a protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | a synthetic peptide modeled on residues 45 to 60 of the 1a protein of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus [1a(45-60)] was constructed and used for immunization of mice and rabbits. the immunoglobulin g fraction of the resulting rabbit antibody, purified on protein a-sepharose, immunoprecipitated from rs-infected hep-2 cells a protein with a molecular size of approximately 9.5 kilodaltons, which corresponds to the previously published molecular size of the 1a protein (y. t. huang, p. l. collins, and ... | 1988 | 2460636 |
| molecular characterization of a prominent antigen of the vaccinia virus envelope. | during vaccinia virus (vv) assembly a major polypeptide migrating with an apparent mw of 35k, designated ag35, is expressed as an early function and becomes an integral component of the lipoprotein envelope surrounding the mature virion. in a previous study evaluating humoral immunity to vv, a prominent response against ag35 was invariably detected in immunized mice. in the context of our continuing investigations of the structure and function of the vaccinia envelope, with a view to alteration ... | 1988 | 2462305 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections and intravenous gamma-globulins. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children. throughout the world annual rsv epidemics result in numerous hospitalizations, substantial morbidity and some mortality. until the recent introduction of ribavirin only supportive therapy has been available for treating these infections. the development of animal models of rsv infection and the observation that some lots of immunoglobulin prepared for intravenous administration c ... | 1988 | 3041354 |
| non-neoplastic pulmonary multinucleate giant cells. comparative study of multinucleate giant cells in porcine dermatosis vegetans and other polykaryocytic conditions. | pulmonary multinucleate giant cells (mgcs) in porcine dermatosis vegetans (dv) were compared with virus-induced and inflammatory-associated mgcs, with particular attention to mechanisms involved in the formation of such cells. ultrastructurally, pigs with dv showed numerous pulmonary mgcs with transversely-sectioned interdigitating microvillous structures. microvilli were observed closely apposed to type-ii pneumocytes and with morphological characteristics of membrane bridge formation. rabbits ... | 1988 | 3044400 |
| respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in a cardiac transplant recipient. | 1988 | 3045218 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus: heterogeneity of subgroup b strains. | in order to investigate further possible structural differences among the two subgroups of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), we analysed the antigenic characteristics and size of structural proteins of 20 subgroup a and 43 subgroup b strains by their reactions with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the proteins of rsv using immunofluorescence, elisa and radioimmunoprecipitation assays. the latter test also enabled determination of the size of different structural components. the 37 ... | 1988 | 3045252 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific monoclonal antibodies. | five hybridomas were produced which secreted monoclonal antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). two antibodies (8g12, 15c7) neutralized the virus and inhibited syncytia formation in vitro. these monoclonal antibodies also stained, by indirect fluorescent assay, an external envelope protein of living virus-infected cells, and recognized the 48k subunit of the viral fusion protein by western blot analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus-infected cell lysates. three other mon ... | 1988 | 3046116 |
| ribavirin in respiratory syncytial virus infection. a double blind placebo controlled trial is needed. | 1988 | 3046516 | |
| passive transfer of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antiserum suppresses the immune response to the rsv fusion (f) and large (g) glycoproteins expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses. | in young infants who possess maternally derived respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antibodies, the antibody response to rsv glycoproteins is relatively poor, despite extensive replication of rsv. in the present study, it was found that cotton rat rsv hyperimmune antiserum suppressed the antibody response to the rsv glycoproteins but not the response to vaccinia virus antigens when the antiserum was passively transferred to cotton rats prior to infection with vaccinia recombinant viruses expressin ... | 1988 | 3047432 |
| comparison of the abbott and ortho enzyme immunoassays and cell culture for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal specimens. | a comparison of the abbott laboratories and the ortho diagnostic systems respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) enzyme immunoassays (eia) and hep-2 cell culture for the detection of rsv in 81 nasopharyngeal (np) specimens from pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infection was carried out. the sensitivity and specificity of the abbott test compared to confirmed infection was 92.3% and 100.0%, respectively. the sensitivity and specificity of the ortho test was 87.5% and 80.3%, respectively. ... | 1988 | 3053011 |
| rapid diagnosis of infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | 1988 | 3053459 | |
| diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1988 | 3054781 | |
| detection, pathogenesis, and therapy of respiratory syncytial virus infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major cause of serious lower respiratory disease in infancy and early childhood. the unique pathogenesis of lower respiratory illness due to rsv offers some intriguing clues to the role of the human immune system in both protection against and development of respiratory illness. more than any other virus, rapid diagnostic techniques have been especially successful in identifying rsv infection. many of these techniques could be easily adaptable to ... | 1988 | 3060243 |
| [the status of research to develop new vaccines against infection caused by the respiratory syncytial virus]. | 1988 | 3064426 | |
| the effect of common bovine respiratory diseases on tidal breathing flow-volume loops. | in order to better understand the bovine breathing pattern, tidal breathing flow-volume loops (tbfvl) were analyzed in 24 healthy cattle of different body weights (range: 37-660 kg) (group a) and in 28 cattle suffering from the common respiratory diseases: verminous bronchitis (group b); shipping fever (group c); acute respiratory distress syndrome (group d); respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia (group e); organophosphate poisoning (group f); and necrotic laryngitis (group g). respiratory airfl ... | 1988 | 3066008 |
| respiratory syncytial virus. | rsv is now understood to be the most significant viral respiratory pathogen of infants and is capable of causing both bronchiolitis and pneumonia. it is a particular risk to hospitalized infants as the virus is easily spread through close contact. the most vulnerable infants are those who suffer with either congenital heart disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia who easily fall prey to pulmonary complications of infection. strict environmental control and the use of protective clothing and eyewea ... | 1988 | 3066824 |
| vitamin a status of children with a history of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy. | in order to extend our earlier observation that children who experience frequent respiratory episodes may benefit from vitamin a supplementation, 206 children aged 2-7 years who had been hospitalized for bronchiolitis during infancy were randomized into a controlled trial of vitamin a supplementation. of these, 149 met the criteria of protocol compliance after 12 months of follow-up. mean plasma retinol at baseline was 39.2 micrograms/100 ml (s.e.m. = 1.0) and did not increase after 12 months (m ... | 1988 | 3067695 |
| time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay compared with virus isolation for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates. | two monoclonal antibodies against two distinct conserved epitopes of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nucleocapsid protein were used in a direct time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (tr-fia) for the detection of rsv antigens in nasopharyngeal aspirates. the capture antibody was adsorbed to the solid phase of microdilution strip wells, and the indicator antibody was labeled with a europium chelate. specimens and label were incubated simultaneously for 1 h at 37 degrees c in the coated wells. afte ... | 1988 | 3068251 |
| can we predict or prevent sudden unexpected deaths during infancy? | mechanisms for sudden unexpected infant deaths remain unproven but the possibilities include cardiac arrhythmias, hypoglycaemia, prolonged apnoea from central respiratory control failure, seizure-induced apnoea, prolonged airway obstruction and alveolar atelectasis. many of these mechanisms could be treated if the infant at risk could be identified. to date, identification programmes have not been sufficiently sensitive or specific. all the evidence presently available suggests that clinical and ... | 1988 | 3068658 |
| [bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus in very young infants and transmitted maternal antibodies]. | the study with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay of the sera of 57 infants aged less than 9 weeks and developing a bronchiolitis, argues for the absence of a protective role for the maternally transmitted anti-respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) igg and for the existence of a positive relationship between these antibodies levels - which are not neutralizing - and the severity of rsv bronchiolitis. | 1988 | 3071286 |
| evaluation in non-human primates of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the f or g glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus. | it has been shown previously that immunization with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the f or g envelope glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain a2 induced a protective immune response in the lower respiratory tract of cotton rats against live rsv challenge. as a continuation of these studies, the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of these recombinant vaccinia viruses was evaluated in non-human primates. rhesus and patas monkeys were each inoculated intradermally ... | 1988 | 3072795 |
| [comparison between immunofluorescence and immunoenzymatic assay for the rapid diagnosis of the respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions]. | an enzyme immunoassay, rsv-eia abbot, was evaluated by comparison with indirect immunofluorescence. nasopharyngeal secretions obtained from 95 infants and young children with acute respiratory infections were examined for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus antigens with both methods. specimens were stored at -70 degrees c before being tested by eia. out of 60 samples positive by indirect immunofluorescence, 46 were also positive by rsv-eia (sensitivity 78.7%) and 34 out of 35 immunofluo ... | 1988 | 3073406 |
| the fusion glycoproteins of human respiratory syncytial virus of subgroups a and b: sequence conservation provides a structural basis for antigenic relatedness. | two major antigenic subgroups (a and b) have been described for human respiratory syncytial virus. the complete nucleotide sequence was determined for the fusion (f) mrna of the subgroup b strain 18537 and the amino acid sequence of the f protein deduced, for comparison with the previously described sequences for the a2 strain of subgroup a. the f proteins (excluding the cleaved signal peptide) were 91% identical between the subgroups, consistent with the previously described high degree of anti ... | 1988 | 3171553 |
| immunogenicity and pathogenicity of temperature-sensitive modified respiratory syncytial virus in adult volunteers. | single temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of a subgroup a strain of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus whose multiplication is restricted at 39 degrees c in mrc-6 cells and double ts mutants that are restricted at 38 degrees c, were obtained following mutagenesis using 5-fluorouracil and acridine-like compounds. isolation and propagation of the parental rss-2 strain of rs virus and its derived ts mutants were carried out entirely in mrc-5 human diploid cells. the immunogenicity and disease-produci ... | 1988 | 3171557 |
| a survey of virus infections in new zealand, 1982-6. | between 1982 and 1986 virus infections were identified in 16,372 cases. these identifications were based on virus isolation and/or serological evidence of infection by the main virus diagnostic laboratories at auckland, waikato, christchurch and dunedin hospitals, and at the national health institute. the most frequent virus identifications reported were herpes simplex (46.7%), rotavirus (11.8%), respiratory syncytial virus (5.7%), and adenovirus (5.6%). during this period of surveillance, the m ... | 1988 | 3173872 |
| the release of leukotrienes in the respiratory tract during infection with respiratory syncytial virus: role in obstructive airway disease. | samples of nasopharyngeal secretions from a group of 73 infants with bronchiolitis or upper respiratory illness alone during infection with respiratory syncytial virus were analyzed for leukotriene c4 (ltc4) content using a reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography assay with confirmation by radioimmunoassay. titers of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific ige in nasopharyngeal secretion (nps) specimens were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the highest concentr ... | 1988 | 3174295 |
| prevalence and specificity of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in sera from feedlot and range cattle. | the specificity of serum antibodies for the polypeptides of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) was examined, using sera obtained from feedlot and range cattle. test results in sera from feedlot cattle indicated a 60% rate of seroconversion and 95% seropositivity to brsv, associated with lack of clinical signs indicative of respiratory tract disease. exposure to other common respiratory tract viruses also was high (greater than or equal to 92% to bovine herpesvirus type 1, bovine viral dia ... | 1988 | 3178027 |
| studies on the pathogenesis and interspecies transmission of respiratory syncytial virus isolated from sheep. | inoculation of lambs with an ovine isolate of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by a combined intranasal and intratracheal route resulted in mild respiratory tract illness, with respiratory tract lesions. lung lesions were characterized by bronchitis and bronchiolitis, hyperplasia of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium, peribronchiolar and perivascular accumulations of lymphocytes, alveolar septal thickening, and collapse. respiratory syncytial virus was recovered from the respiratory tract of ... | 1988 | 3178037 |
| direct observation of the budding and fusion of an enveloped virus by video microscopy of viable cells. | video-enhanced microscopy and digital image processing were used to observe the assembly, budding, and fusion of respiratory syncytial virus. viral filaments were seen to bud from the plasma membrane of viable infected cells to a final length of 5-10 micron with an average speed of elongation of 110-250 nm/s. the rapidity of viral assembly and its synchronous occurrence (leading to the production of several viral particles per minute from the same surface domain) suggests a directed process of r ... | 1988 | 3182934 |
| the a and b subgroups of human respiratory syncytial virus: comparison of intergenic and gene-overlap sequences. | intergenic and flanking gene regions for the 1c-1b, 1b-n, n-p, m-1a, g-f and f-22k gene junctions of respiratory syncytial virus strain 18537, representing antigenic subgroup b, were determined by dideoxynucleotide sequencing of polycistronic cdnas and mrnas. comparison with their counterparts from the subgroup a strain a2 showed that the intergenic sequences were not conserved within or between the strains. flanking non-coding gene sequences also were generally not conserved except for the high ... | 1988 | 3183631 |
| primary respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. | a mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is described. a high-titered, large-volume inoculum results in replication of rsv to a high titer in lungs of balb/c mice. mice older than 15 weeks of age are more susceptible to rsv infection. titers up to 10(6.9) plaque-forming units (pfu)/gram lung can be attained in 32-week-old mice. older mice experience a clinical illness manifested by ruffled fur, reduced activity, and weight loss. lung histology of older mice infected with rsv ... | 1988 | 3183639 |
| role of respiratory syncytial virus in early hospitalizations for respiratory distress of young infants with cystic fibrosis. | to determine the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as the cause of hospitalization for acute pulmonary exacerbations in young infants with cystic fibrosis (cf), and to assess the clinical effects of rsv infections, we prospectively followed 48 children with a diagnosis of cf after identification by newborn screening. at a mean follow-up age of 28.8 months (range 5 to 59), 18 infants (38%) had been hospitalized a total of 30 times for acute respiratory distress. at the time of admiss ... | 1988 | 3183835 |
| [blood titers of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus]. | the variations in titre of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus were determined in young calves. as soon as maternal immunity was no longer detectable, the calves were inoculated. inoculations in animals which were less than four months of age gave rise to only a slight increase in titres. the increases in titre in calves over this age varied markedly. | 1988 | 3187970 |
| an epizootic of mycoplasma ovipneumoniae infection in captive dall's sheep (ovis dalli dalli). | in late spring of 1986, 10 of 23 dall's sheep (ovis dalli dalli) at the metropolitan toronto zoo were moved to a new exhibit, where all developed severe respiratory signs refractory to anthelmintic and antibiotic therapy. in july, two animals died with chronic active bronch-pneumonia, and a third was euthanized because of pneumonia several months later. bacteria were not isolated from the lungs of the first, steptococci and pasteurella hemolytica were isolated from the other two, respectively; m ... | 1988 | 3193557 |
| fatal respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in a previously healthy child. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in infants and children with an immunocompromised status or a congenital heart disease. the following case describes a 6 8/12-year-old, previously normal child who had a fatal interstitial pneumonitis caused by rsv. documentation of rsv as the etiologic agent and documentation of her immune status are presented. in light of recent advances in the rapid diagnosis and treatment of rsv, this virus should be consider ... | 1988 | 3195838 |
| the effect of altitude and weather on the occurrence of outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 1988 | 3198947 | |
| production and characterization of bovine monoclonal antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus. | six interspecific hybridomas (heterohybridomas) secreting bovine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against respiratory syncytial (rs) virus were produced. four of the heterohybridomas were formed using the mouse myeloma cell line ns1 as the fusion partner, one using ns0, and the remaining heterohybridoma was formed using a bovine x murine hybridoma as the fusion partner. five heterohybridomas secreted bovine igg1 and one secreted igg2. all six mabs recognized human subtype a and b viruses as well as ... | 1988 | 3199102 |
| osteoclasts in human osteopetrosis contain viral-nucleocapsid-like nuclear inclusions. | we report the discovery of nuclear inclusions in the osteoclasts of three unrelated patients with benign osteopetrosis that resemble the osteoclast inclusions characteristic of paget's disease of bone. these inclusions are morphologically and dimensionally identical to the nucleocapsids of a virus of the paramyxoviridae family. supporting a possible viral association with benign osteopetrosis in the observation of the presence of antigens of respiratory syncytial virus, measles virus, and/or mum ... | 1988 | 3213601 |
| a study of intranasally administered interferon a (rifn-alpha 2a) for the seasonal prophylaxis of natural viral infections of the upper respiratory tract in healthy volunteers. | the efficacy of interferon a (rifn-alpha 2a), an escherichia coli-derived interferon, in the prophylaxis of acute upper respiratory tract infection, was evaluated in a community-based double-blind placebo-controlled study in the australian winter of 1985. the trial population of 412 healthy volunteers (190 males and 222 females, aged 18-65 years) self-administered 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 megaunits (mu) of interferon a per day or a placebo, intranasally for 28 days. the period of study coincided with an ... | 1988 | 3215290 |
| viruses and airborne allergens as precipitants of obstructive respiratory difficulties in children. | findings of virus infection were prospectively studied in 133 episodes of obstructive respiratory difficulty in 90 children aged 2 to 15 years. a viral infection was confirmed in 16 episodes (12%). in a further 11% of cases serological evidence of a recent viral infection was found. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) accounted for half of the positive viral results. skin prick tests were performed after the second episode of bronchial obstruction. of the 79 children tested, 57% had at least one p ... | 1988 | 3218914 |
| measles pneumonia in a newborn. | we report a 21-day-old preterm infant who had severe respiratory distress of 6 days' duration and whose lungs revealed a giant cell pneumonia at necropsy. measles antigen was demonstrated in mononuclear and multinucleated epithelial cells of the lung by immunoperoxidase staining. we recommend the immunostaining procedure to differentiate measles from other viruses, such as parainfluenza 2 or 3, and respiratory syncytial virus, all of which may produce giant cell pneumonias. | 1988 | 3227007 |
| [use of circulating immune complex in the study of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia]. | 1988 | 3228743 | |
| [antigenic variants of the respiratory syncytial virus in argentina and uruguay]. | the characterization of rsv antigenic variants was carried out on 160 nasopharyngeal aspirates from children under 5 years of age, from argentina and uruguay, with acute respiratory infection and a previously positive etiological diagnosis for rsv. results for argentina were: 20.9% of samples belonged to subtype a, 76.9% to subtype b and the remaining 2.2% to new subtypes as yet uncharacterized. results for uruguay were: 5.6% of samples belonged to subtype a, 81% to subtype b and 13.5% to other ... | 1988 | 3231713 |
| influenza-like syndrome in homosexual men: a prospective diagnostic study. | in the course of a prospective study of the prevalence and incidence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and risk factors for the acquired immune deficiency syndrome among 961 homosexual men, 97 initially hiv antibody seronegative men reported a febrile period lasting at least three days. in 60 of these men serological evidence for an infection was found: influenza a or b virus (17 men), hiv (14), epstein-barr virus (seven), parainfluenza virus type i, 11 or ill (five), hepa ... | 1988 | 3256668 |
| analyses of the cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses to glycoprotein and nucleoprotein components of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | the outcome of infection by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv) in the natural murine host is determined in large part by the cytotoxic t lymphocyte response (ctl) mounted by the host. in order to define the specificities of ctl induced by lcmv infection, we have cloned and expressed the full-length nucleoprotein (np) gene and 75% of the glycoprotein (gp) gene of lcmv in vaccinia virus vectors and have used these recombinant viruses to sensitize syngeneic target cells to lysis by anti-lcmv ... | 1988 | 3257596 |
| [analysis of respiratory syncytial virus diseases in hospitalized children in the district of steyr 1984/85]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of serious respiratory tract infections in infancy. in the course of a one-year study the nasopharyngeal secretions of all hospitalized children with diseases of the lower respiratory tract (almost exclusively infants) were examined for viral antigens. rsv antigen could be detected in 34 of the 71 secretions. in these infants a serious clinical course, pneumonia, bronchiolitis or obstructive bronchitis was dominant, but laboratory test ... | 1988 | 3260367 |
| cytotoxic t cells clear virus but augment lung pathology in mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | we have examined the function of class i mhc-restricted cytotoxic t cells in experimental respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of balb/c mice by transfer of t cell line mjc-a2 and ctl clone e8a into rsv-infected mice. the t cell line cleared pulmonary rsv infection within 5 d in persistently infected gamma-irradiated mice, but caused acute respiratory disease. this was only seen in infected mice and was often lethal after transfer of greater than 3 x 10(6) ctl. lower numbers of ctl produc ... | 1988 | 3262705 |
| seasonal variation in respiratory syncytial virus infections in children in benin-city, nigeria. | the seasonal variation in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in children was examined in benin city. nasopharyngeal washes were obtained from children under 3 years hospitalised for acute lower respiratory infections during two seasons - rainy season (june-august) and dry season (december-february). rsv surface antigen was identified by elisa. 54% of patients in the rainy season were elisa positive for rsv compared to 8.8% during the dry season. clinical features in the rsv infected pa ... | 1988 | 3265812 |
| role of apnea in the sudden infant death syndrome: a personal view. | evidence supporting a role for abnormal apnea in sudden infant deaths is predominantly circumstantial. investigations of infants having cyanotic episodes have shown four mechanisms for abnormal apnea. the most frequent, prolonged expiratory apnea, is particularly dangerous because it is associated with the rapid onset and progression of hypoxemia and other features suggesting alveolar ventilatory-perfusion mismatch. seizure-induced apnea, maternally imposed obstructive apnea, and sleep-related u ... | 1988 | 3275935 |
| comparison of three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and a direct fluorescent-antibody test for detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen. | we prospectively evaluated three enzyme immunoassays (eias) and a direct fluorescent-antibody (dfa) test for respiratory syncytial virus detection. of 90 specimens, 79% gave the same results in all four tests (30 positive and 41 negative) and 97% were in agreement in three of the four assays. the agreement between the direct fluorescent-antibody test and each enzyme immunoassay was greater than or equal to 86%. | 1988 | 3277999 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus in clinical specimens by viral culture, direct and indirect immunofluorescence, and enzyme immunoassay. | we evaluated prospectively the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by culture and by direct antigen detection using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa), a direct monoclonal immunofluorescence assay (dfa), and a monoclonal enzyme immunoassay (eia). of 221 specimens, 95 (43%) were culture positive for rsv, 4 (1.8%) contained more than one virus, and 17 (7.6%) contained a virus other than rsv. overall, hep-2 and flow 6000 cells grew significantly more rsv isolates (82 and 72%, res ... | 1988 | 3281981 |
| echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus infection has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in infants with underlying cardiac and pulmonary disease. to understand better the cardiopulmonary interaction in patients with acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, we performed m-mode echocardiograms and pulsed doppler assessment of pulmonary arterial flow in 19 patients with structurally normal hearts during acute illness. studies were repeated in 11 of these patients following complete ... | 1988 | 3285314 |
| viral vaccines and antivirals: current use and future prospects. | the evolution of viral vaccines from the time of jennerian prophylaxis to today's recombinant technology has been a continuing story of success. from the relatively crude or "first generation" vaccines for smallpox, rabies, and yellow fever followed a second and third generation of improved or new viral vaccines. the application of techniques for attenuating, inactivating, and partially purifying candidate viruses yielded safe, effective vaccines against influenza, poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, ... | 1988 | 3288231 |
| detection of an immunoglobulin m response in the elderly for early diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the indirect fluorescent-antibody technique was compared with indirect and mu-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immunoglobulin m (igm) in the elderly. sera from 47 patients (mean age, 70 years) with acute lower respiratory tract infections caused by rsv were investigated. specific igm was detected in 81% (38 of 47) of the patients. the fluorescent-antibody technique, which gave 70% positive results, proved to be the most sensitive o ... | 1988 | 3290237 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen in nasopharyngeal secretions by abbott diagnostics enzyme immunoassay. | we compared a rapid respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen enzyme immunoassay (eia) (abbott diagnostics, north chicago, ill.) with virus culture and with the indirect fluorescent-antibody test (fat) by using nasopharyngeal washings from children with suspected rsv pneumonia or bronchiolitis. fresh washings were used in all three tests. specimens were inoculated into hep-2 cells and human embryonic lung fibroblasts and observed for cytopathic effect. cells in the centrifuged sediments of the n ... | 1988 | 3290243 |
| occurrence of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a and b strains in japan, 1980 to 1987. | the subgroup characteristics of 71 strains of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) isolated in sapporo, japan, during 5 epidemic years from 1980 to 1987 were determined by the use of 17 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against the rsv long strain, which is now recognized as the prototype subgroup a strain. nine of these mabs immunoprecipitated the fusion protein (f), five immunoprecipitated the large glycoprotein (g), two immunoprecipitated the nucleoprotein (np), and one immunoprecipitated the ... | 1988 | 3290246 |
| evaluation of two commercially available test methods to determine the feasibility of testing for respiratory syncytial virus in a community hospital laboratory. | the feasibility of performing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) testing in a community hospital laboratory was assessed. the abbott rsv eia kit, an enzyme immunoassay (eia), and the ortho respiratory syncytial virus identification reagent, a direct fluorescent antibody (dfa) technique, were evaluated in terms of technologist time, result time, cost, and agreement of results. there was little difference in the amount of technologist time required for either method. the dfa technique was shown to ... | 1988 | 3293421 |
| comparison of cell culture and three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus from nasopharyngeal aspirate and tracheal secretion specimens. | a total of 211 specimens, including 144 nasopharyngeal aspirates and 67 tracheal secretions, were evaluated for the rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen by three commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa; kallestad diagnostic, austin, tx; ortho diagnostics, raritan, nj, and abbott laboratories, north chicago, il) and by isolation of rsv in cell culture. of the 61 rsv culture positive specimens, kallestad elisa, ortho elisa, and abbott elisa detected rsv antigen ... | 1988 | 3293894 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in adult bone marrow transplant recipients. | 1988 | 2898070 | |
| upper respiratory tract infection and serum antibody responses in nursing home patients. | residents of a veterans administration nursing home care unit (nhcu) were observed for the development of upper respiratory tract infection (uri) during 12 consecutive months to determine the frequency of sporadic cases or outbreaks of uri and to characterize them clinically and by laboratory means. fifty-nine episodes of uri occurred in 56 residents during the study period. serologic testing or virus isolation proved or suggested an etiologic agent on 22 occasions. uri was more common in late f ... | 1988 | 2847597 |
| serologic study of febrile upper respiratory tract infections in adults. | we prospectively studied serum antiviral antibody response in adult patients with febrile upper respiratory tract infections. paired sera were obtained in 158 patients from january 1982 to december 1983. eighteen patients (11.4 percent) showed a significant antibody rise in the convalescent phase of the disease compared to the acute phase. significant antibody rise was observed against all viruses examined: influenza viruses type a and b, adenovirus type 3, respiratory syncytial virus, and parai ... | 1988 | 2848145 |
| peptides as potential virus inhibitors. synthesis and bioassay of five respiratory syncytial virus peptide analogs with antimeasles activity. | five carbobenzoxylated and d-amino acid containing-peptide analogs of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f1 glycoprotein amino terminus were chemically synthesized by solution and fmoc-solid phase peptide synthesis methods. several of these peptides, ranging from 3 to 6 residues in length, raised the bilayer to hexagonal phase transition temperature of dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine. none of these peptides were specific inhibitors of rsv or herpes simplex virus infection. two of the serie ... | 1988 | 2850279 |
| antiviral therapy with small particle aerosols. | the generation and use of small particle aqueous aerosols (1.23 microns aerodynamic mass median diameter, gsd = 2.0 microns) containing ribavirin is described. administered via aerosol, ribavirin will be deposited rather uniformly on the surface of the nasopharynx, the tracheobronchial tree and in the pulmonary area. examples of aerosol-delivered dosages found to be effective in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection and influenza a and b virus infections are as follows: 12.8 mg ... | 1988 | 2850911 |
| roentgenographic features of common pediatric viral respiratory tract infections. | viral infections of the respiratory tract in infants and children are common. little has been reported on roentgenographic findings associated with infection caused by common viruses other than with respiratory syncytial virus. we studied chest roentgenograms from 128 previously healthy infants and children who were infected with respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, or adenovirus. four common roentgenographic findings were detected: parahilar peribronchial infiltrat ... | 1988 | 2829619 |
| viral infections in pediatric bone marrow transplant patients. | the records of 96 pediatric patients with aplastic anemia or a malignancy who underwent bone marrow transplantation between 1979 and 1986 at the children's hospital of philadelphia were reviewed for laboratory evidence of viral infections. the most common viral diseases identified were herpes simplex virus (hsv), cytomegalovirus and adenoviruses, which were found in 19 (20%), 17 (18) and 17 (18) patients, respectively. hsv was more common in patients with than without graft vs. host disease (gvh ... | 1988 | 2830586 |
| serological investigations for some bacterial and viral pathogens in fallow deer (cervus dama) and wild boar (sus scrofa) of the san rossore preserve, tuscany, italy. | sera of 43 fallow deer (cervus dama) of the san rossore preserve (tuscany, italy) were examined for antibodies against eight pathogens; one proved positive for brucella sp., 21 for listeria monocytogenes, 34 for chlamydia psittaci, three for coxiella burnetii, one for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, 11 for parainfluenza-3 virus, 25 for bovine viral diarrhea virus and six for bovine respiratory syncytial virus. no age and sex difference in the positivity rates and titers was evidenced, w ... | 1988 | 2832622 |
| viral "bronchitis" in childhood: relationship to asthma and obstructive lung disease. | lower respiratory tract infections in children, including group, bronchiolitis, and bronchitis are frequently associated with recurrent episodes of wheezing. different respiratory viruses assume greater importance at different ages of children. respiratory syncytial virus is the most prevalent viral respiratory infection in preschool children, while rhinovirus is of increasing importance in older children. asymptomatic virus shedding and mild respiratory infections do not provoke asthma symptoms ... | 1988 | 2834808 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus and rotavirus by enhanced chemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of luminol was used in a chemiluminescence avidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cl-abe) to detect respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rotavirus (rov). this cl-abe was carried out in a new apparatus constructed for the photographic registration of the light emission produced. when measured in a spectrophotometer, the light emission produced by the oxidation of luminol showed a peak emission at 425 nm. the chemiluminescence output reache ... | 1988 | 2835387 |
| participation of cytoskeletal intermediate filaments in the infectious cycle of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | rsv infection of hep-2 or hela cells leads to biochemical and morphological changes of cytoskeletal intermediate filaments (if). thus, human cytokeratin 18 is modified to generate a more acidic polypeptide of slightly larger apparent molecular weight. in addition, the amounts of vimentin and other cytokeratins are reduced, probably as a consequence of proteolytic degradation. these changes are reflected in a decrease of immunofluorescence with specific antibodies in rsv-induced syncytia and a mo ... | 1988 | 2837016 |
| prevalence of antibodies to seven viruses in a flock of ewes in minnesota. | blood samples were collected from a flock of healthy ewes at a university of minnesota research station. sera from these blood samples were tested for antibodies against 7 viruses, using 3 tests (eg, virus-neutralization test for bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine adenovirus type 3, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus; hemagglutination inhibition test for parainfluenza virus type 3; and agar-gel immunodiffusion test for lentivirus of ovine progressive ... | 1988 | 2837112 |
| use of a-549 cells in a clinical virology laboratory. | a-549 cells were compared with other cell lines for virus recovery, except from specimens submitted specifically for detection of cytomegalovirus. of 589 specimens submitted specifically for detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv), 163 (28%) were positive for hsv--159 (97.5%) in a-549 cells and 156 (96%) in primary rabbit kidney cells. hsv cytopathic effect was identified an average of 0.6 day earlier in a-549 cells. virus was recovered from 194 (11%) of 1,790 specimens submitted for general vir ... | 1988 | 2838502 |
| live viral vaccines for respiratory and enteric tract diseases. | in its programme for accelerated development of vaccines for viral respiratory and enteric tract diseases the who has assigned a very high priority to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza viruses and rotaviruses. there is also some interest in alternative approaches to immunization against influenza viruses because of the failure of inactivated vaccines to provide complete and reasonably durable immunity. current attempts to develop satisfactorily attenuated viruses for use in preven ... | 1988 | 2838984 |
| simultaneous infection with respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory pathogens. | the presentation and subsequent course of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis may be atypical and unusually severe when simultaneous infection due to other pathogenic agents is present. during the past two years, nine of the 189 pediatric patients hospitalized with documented rsv infection were found to have the following simultaneous isolates from initial respiratory tract specimens: four adenovirus, four pneumococcus, one cytomegalovirus, and one pneumocystis carinii. noted complic ... | 1988 | 2839976 |
| mycoplasma pneumoniae and other pathogens in the aetiology of lower respiratory tract infections among japanese children. | the causes of lower respiratory tract infections in 1544 children attending a japanese hospital over a period of 7 years were investigated. both cultivation and two serological techniques were used to detect mycoplasma pneumoniae whereas viral involvement was investigated only by serology. pathogens were identified in 52% of 1175 patients with pneumonia and 36% of 369 patients without pneumonia. mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was specifically diagnosed in 414 (26.8%) of the 1544 patients. respi ... | 1988 | 2840466 |
| associations between viral infection and respiratory disease in young beef bulls. | blood samples were taken from bull calves at two meat and livestock commission performance testing centres, just after weaning at six months of age and at six weekly intervals until the end of the performance test seven months later. sera were assayed by specific elisas for antibodies to bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv1), respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza 3 (pi3) and adenoviruses a and b. seroconversions between each sampling were related to the occurrence of clinical respiratory disease usi ... | 1988 | 2842921 |
| current approaches to the development of vaccines effective against parainfluenza viruses. | infection of infants and children with parainfluenza viruses can lead to serious lower respiratory tract disease. in order to review new information on the genetic organization, epidemiology, and immunobiology of these viruses and of respiratory syncytial virus, who, in conjunction with the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases, held a workshop in bethesda, md, usa, 4-5 may 1987. new data on the immunobiology and epidemiology of human parainfluenza 3 virus were presented that sho ... | 1988 | 2844427 |
| infection of human thymic epithelial cells by human cytomegalovirus and other viruses: effect on secretion of interleukin 1-like activity. | cultures of human thymic epithelial (te) cells are able to produce a interleukin 1 (il-1) like activity. this il-1 activity can be detected either using mouse thymocytes in a traditional il-1 assay, or using thymic lymphocytes obtained from cases of pediatric cardio-vascular surgery. production of il-1 activity by te cells was found to be maximal between 3 and 4 weeks after culture initiation. human thymocytes worked best as targets in an il-1 assay, when these cells were derived from donors you ... | 1988 | 2844452 |
| contribution of rhinoviruses to respiratory viral infections in childhood: a prospective study in a mainly hospitalized infant population. | a prospective study was carried out to investigate the contribution of rhinoviruses to respiratory viral infections in children and to investigate the influence of age, passive smoking, and educational level of the head of the family on the clinical course of viral respiratory disease. nasopharyngeal aspirates from 519 infants (90.8% inpatients, 9.2% outpatients) were screened for the presence of rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), adenoviruses, parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, 3, in ... | 1988 | 2844986 |
| alberta. interstitial pneumonia associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a grazing reserve. | 1988 | 17423054 | |
| association of bovine viral diarrhea virus with multiple viral infections in bovine respiratory disease outbreaks. | we investigated eleven outbreaks of naturally occurring bovine respiratory diseases in calves and adult animals in the st-hyacinthe area of quebec. specific antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza type 3 virus, reovirus type 3, and serotypes 1 to 7 of bovine adenovirus were found in paired sera from diseased animals. several bovine viruses with respiratory tropism were involved concomitantly in herds during an outbreak of bovine ... | 1988 | 17423116 |
| pediatrics: ribavirin and respiratory syncytial virus infections. | the scientific board of the california medical association presents the following inventory of items of progress in pediatrics. each item, in the judgment of a panel of knowledgeable physicians, has recently become reasonably firmly established, both as to scientific fact and important clinical significance. the items are presented in simple epitome and an authoritative reference, both to the item itself and to the subject as a whole, is generally given for those who may be unfamiliar with a par ... | 1988 | 18750476 |
| characterization of bovine respiratory syncytial virus proteins and mrnas and generation of cdna clones to the viral mrnas. | we have characterized the proteins and mrnas of bovine respiratory syncytial (brs) virus strain 391-2 and constructed cdna clones corresponding to 9 of the 10 brs virus mrnas. the proteins of brs virus-infected cells were compared with the proteins from human respiratory syncytial (hrs) virus-infected cells. nine proteins specific to brs virus-infected cells, corresponding to nine hrs virus proteins, were identified. only a brs virus polymerase protein remains to be identified. the brs virus g g ... | 1989 | 2911122 |
| fatal respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in a previously healthy child. | 1989 | 2913902 | |
| failure to detect antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in bovine fetal serum. | sera obtained from 147 bovine fetuses estimated to be between 120 and 270 days of gestation at an abattoir were tested for antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus. antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus was not detected in any of the sera examined. based on the results of this study and a review of the literature, it appears that transplacental infection by bovine respiratory syncytial virus does not occur, or is uncommon. | 1989 | 2914217 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-specific antibody responses in immunoglobulin a and e isotypes to the f and g proteins and to intact virus after natural infection. | we studied the antibody response to the fusion (f) and attachment (g) proteins of respiratory syncytial virus and to purified intact virus in the respiratory secretions of 29 infants and children. the goal of the study was to determine whether the immune response to either of the glycoproteins occurred predominantly in the immunoglobulin a (iga) as opposed to the ige isotype, which would indicate that one protein subunit would be a better candidate as a potential vaccine. antibody responses were ... | 1989 | 2915022 |
| respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected man. | 1989 | 2915431 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus outbreak on american samoa. evaluation of risk factors. | acute respiratory illness is one of the leading causes of childhood mortality in developing nations. we investigated an increase in hospitalizations of children less than 2 years old for severe lower respiratory tract illness (lri) from october 1986 through december 1986 on the island of american samoa. hospitalization rates were highest in children less than 6 months of age (60 of 1000 compared with 22 of 1000 for those 6 to 11 months of age, and seven of 1000 for those 12 to 24 months of age). ... | 1989 | 2916509 |
| a concurrent epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus and echovirus 7 infections in an intensive care nursery. | we describe concurrent outbreaks of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and echovirus 7 (echo 7) infections in a neonatal intensive care unit, including infants who had dual infections. seventy-three infants were identified as having rsv from january through june, 1984. during the same surveillance period echo 7 was cultured from 20 infants, and 6 infants had concurrent rsv and echo 7 and rsv were isolated, but not concurrently. this dual outbreak of rsv and echo 7 infections persisted for months ... | 1989 | 2922234 |
| production of interferon in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | production of interferon alfa in vitro was significantly reduced during acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis but subsequently returned to normal. nasopharyngeal and endotracheal interferon alfa were detected intermittently and in low concentrations. the degree of impairment of in vitro production and poor in vivo production of interferon alfa suggest the need for a therapeutic trial of nebulised or systemic interferon in acute bronchiolitis. | 1989 | 2923479 |
| effect of breast feeding on the development of anti-idiotype antibody response to f glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus in infant mice after post-partum maternal immunization. | groups of lactating balb/c mice were immunized in the immediate postpartum period with high doses of mab (ab-1) to the f-glycoprotein (f-gp) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this antibody possessed neutralizing activity against the whole virus. the immune response to f-gp was studied in the breast feeding infant mice of such mothers at regular intervals before and after weaning. all infant mice exhibited anti-f-gp activity in serum, which was detected until 6 wk of age. splenic cells of suc ... | 1989 | 2926142 |
| the envelope proteins from purified respiratory syncytial virus protect mice from intranasal virus challenge. | a lyophilized subunit vaccine prepared from purified respiratory syncytial virus, which contained the envelope glycoproteins f and g and the nonglycosylated matrix protein vpm, was tested in sjl mice for its ability to protect the lungs of mice from intranasal viral challenge. initially, the mice were injected subcutaneously with one, two, or three doses of 5 or 25 micrograms of vaccine in 50% complete freund's adjuvant or with complete freund's adjuvant or phosphate-buffered saline only. althou ... | 1989 | 2928348 |
| role of ige in the pathogenesis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in sequential infections in vaccinated and nonvaccinated calves. | a study was undertaken to evaluate the possible role of ige in the pathogenesis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection. fifteen calves were allotted at random to 3 treatment groups. one group of 6 calves was vaccinated with attenuated brsv vaccine before live-virus challenge exposure, another group of 6 was not vaccinated before challenge exposure, and the remaining 3 calves served as controls (nonvaccinated, nonchallenge exposed). calves of the 2 experimental groups were exposed ... | 1989 | 2930022 |
| marked differences in the antigenic structure of human respiratory syncytial virus f and g glycoproteins. | monoclonal antibodies directed against the glycoproteins of human respiratory syncytial virus were used in competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for topological mapping of epitopes. whereas epitopes of the f glycoprotein could be ascribed to five nonoverlapping antigenic sites, anti-g antibodies recognized unique epitopes, many of whose competition profiles overlapped extensively. variant viruses selected with a neutralizing (47f) anti-f antibody lost the binding for only 47f and 49f an ... | 1989 | 2463385 |
| antigenic variation of human rsv strains isolated in japan. | antigenic variations of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strains were analyzed using a collection of nine, seven, two, and one monoclonal antibodies (mabs), respectively, raised against the fusion protein (f), large glycoprotein (g), nucleoprotein (np), and phosphoprotein (p) components of the long strain of rsv. competitive binding assay by these mabs demonstrated eight, four, and two distinct epitopes on f, g, and np components, respectively. comparison of prototype long with ten field strain ... | 1989 | 2466102 |
| neutralization epitopes of the f glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus: effect of mutation upon fusion function. | eighteen neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the fusion glycoprotein of the a2 strain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were used to construct a detailed topological and operational map of epitopes involved in neutralization and fusion. competitive binding assays identified three nonoverlapping antigenic sites (a, b, and c) and one bridge site (ab). thirteen mab-resistant mutants (marms) were selected, and the neutralization patterns of the mabs with either marms or rsv cli ... | 1989 | 2470922 |