Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [morphological studies of rotavirus replication in cell cultures]. | 1983 | 6303253 | |
| [hemagglutinating properties of man and monkey rotaviruses]. | 1983 | 6303254 | |
| [cross infection with rotavirus of different species]. | 1983 | 6303255 | |
| [immunoelectron microscopy in the diagnosis of rotaviruses]. | 1983 | 6303256 | |
| [symposium on gastroenteritis-inducing viruses in man and animal. potsdam, december 1981]. | 1983 | 6303257 | |
| [rotavirus antibody determination by the neutralization test and electron microscopic detection of viruses in children with acute gastroenteritis]. | 1983 | 6303258 | |
| [diagnosis of rotavirus infections in infants and small children]. | 1983 | 6303259 | |
| [current possibilities in the routine diagnosis of rotavirus infections in the slovakian socialist republic]. | 1983 | 6303260 | |
| [epidemic acute gastroenteritis in newborn infants with the immunoelectronoptic detection of virus]. | 1983 | 6303261 | |
| [use of immunoelectroosmophoresis, agar gel precipitation and electron microscopy in the diagnosis of rotavirus infections in children and calves]. | 1983 | 6303262 | |
| [comparison of electron microscopy, gel electrophoresis and the immunofluorescence technic in the diagnosis of rotavirus infection in calves]. | 1983 | 6303263 | |
| clinical range of neonatal rotavirus gastroenteritis. | a baby admitted to a special care baby unit with profuse watery diarrhoea was found to have a rotavirus infection. a total of 196 babies were admitted to the unit over the next year. routine stool samples were taken weekly from all babies and additional samples were taken from all babies who developed clinical signs suggesting sepsis. a total of 76 babies excreted rotavirus; 32 of these developed a diarrhoeal illness, 12 of whom were severely ill with bloody diarrhoea and abdominal distension; a ... | 1983 | 6303488 |
| detection of rotavirus in handwashings of attendants of children with diarrhoea. | 1983 | 6295543 | |
| purification of an outer capsid glycoprotein of neonatal calf diarrhea virus and preparation of its antisera. | an outer capsid glycoprotein, vp 7, was purified from a bovine rotavirus, neonatal calf diarrhea virus, by isoelectric focusing in glycerol gradients after disruption of the outer capsid. its isoelectric point was found to be about 4.5. guinea pigs were immunized with this vp 7 preparation. the antisera possessed both neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibiting activities as well as complement-fixing activity, suggesting that vp 7 is a protein involved in hemagglutination and initiation of infe ... | 1983 | 6295955 |
| [conglutination test and its use for identification and detection of bacteria, viruses and soluble antigens]. | 1983 | 6301176 | |
| serum and intestinal immune response to rotavirus enteritis in children. | this study was designed to assess the serum and mucosal immune response to naturally acquired rotavirus enteritis in children. serum and duodenal secretions were collected 1 week and again 4 to 5 weeks after the onset of illness from 10 children. in two of these children, the procedure was repeated 12 to 15 months later. another 10 children with bacterial enteritis were studied as controls. the antibody response in serum included a significant elevation of rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin m (ig ... | 1983 | 6301996 |
| propagation of bovine rotavirus by young dogs. | ten young dogs were experimentally infected twice with different isolates of bovine rotavirus and 2 uninfected dogs were kept in contact with them. none of the animals developed diarrhoea, but all of them excreted rotavirus in their faeces over a period of up to 10 days after each inoculation, as shown by counterimmunoelectro-osmophoresis and virus isolation. dogs may thus play a role in the epizootiology of rotavirus diarrhoea in calves. seroconversion occurred in 6 of the 10 infected dogs but ... | 1983 | 6302138 |
| diarrhea among infants and young children in canada: a longitudinal study in three northern communities. | diarrhea among neonates and their siblings was studied in 98 families living in winnipeg, manitoba, and in 31 native indian families and in 15 inuit (eskimo) families living in isolated settlements in northern canada. the rate of infection due to rotavirus in neonates was significantly higher and infection occurred more often in the first six months of life in the northern communities (range, 0.36 in winnipeg to 1.07 in eskimo point). no protective effect of breast-feeding was discerned, since i ... | 1983 | 6302173 |
| rotavirus persistence in cell cultures: selection of resistant cells in the presence of foetal calf serum. | the lincoln strain of bovine rotavirus, cytocidal for bovine au-bek cells, can establish in the same cell cultures in the presence of foetal calf serum (fcs) a persistent infection that depends on selection of highly resistant cells. in fact, after the induction of the carrier state only a small fraction of the cell population was infected. the parental and the carried viruses are not demonstrably different, the cultures are resistant to superinfection by the homologous virus, the cultures can b ... | 1983 | 6302210 |
| studies on human lacteal rotavirus antibodies by immune electron microscopy. | in vitro studies carried out by immune electron microscopy (iem) indicate that rotavirus aggregation detected in the stools of newborn breast-fed infants with rotavirus infection is antibody-induced. aggregation of rotavirus particles occurred with the iga-containing fraction of expressed breast milk (ebm) obtained five days postpartum and with the iga- and igg-containing fractions of a pool of ebms containing samples collected 2-3 days postpartum. bovine milk fractions also demonstrated this ac ... | 1983 | 6302221 |
| rapid detection of rotavirus in stool by latex agglutination: comparison with radioimmunoassay and electron microscopy and clinical evaluation of the test. | a latex agglutination test (lx) using antisera prepared against nebraska calf diarrhea virus (ncdv) is described for the detection of rotavirus in stool of children with acute gastroenteritis. the test was compared with electron microscopy (em) and radioimmunoassay (ria) with 100 stools positive or negative for rotavirus. out of 53 stools positive in ria or em, 49 were positive in lx and 4 were negative. two specimens negative in em and ria were falsely positive in lx. the method was also tested ... | 1983 | 6302222 |
| biochemical mapping of the simian rotavirus sa11 genome. | biochemical mapping experiments of the simian rotavirus sa11 genome were performed to determine which double-stranded rna segment coded for each of the viral polypeptides. viral rna transcripts were synthesized in vitro by using the endogenous viral rna polymerase and fractionated by electrophoresis in acid-urea agarose gels. the fractionated transcripts were translated in two cell-free systems: micrococcal nuclease-treated reticulocyte lysates and wheat germ extracts. the polypeptide products w ... | 1983 | 6302311 |
| an electron microscope study of wild human rotavirus replication in cell cultures. | 1983 | 6302447 | |
| identification of the rotaviral gene that codes for hemagglutination and protease-enhanced plaque formation. | temperature-sensitive mutants of bovine rotavirus, uk compton strain, and rhesus monkey rotavirus, mmu18006 strain, were used to derive 16 reassortants by coinfection of ma104 cells. the parental viruses differed phenotypically in their neutralization specificity, their ability to hemagglutinate, and their requirement for exogenous trypsin for infectivity. when the reassortants were assayed for neutralization specificity and hemagglutination, four phenotypes were observed, indicating that these ... | 1983 | 6299006 |
| neonatal diarrhea of pigs in quebec: infectious causes of significant outbreaks. | to evaluate the relative importance of the various enteropathogens causing neonatal diarrhea in quebec farrowing operations, observations were made on 749 diarrheic pigs from 325 outbreaks of diarrhea. they were one to 15 days of age, and were obtained alive for necropsy generally within 48 hours of the onset of diarrhea. some pigs were from severe, explosive outbreaks of diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality rates, while others were from herds with chronic neonatal diarrhea with lower morb ... | 1983 | 6299483 |
| analysis of human rotavirus mixed electropherotypes. | mixed human rotavirus electropherotypes were detected in stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis in santiago, chile. these electropherotypes accounted for 10% of 149 samples studied. the finding of extra rna fragments with respect to the regular 11 genome segments suggests the possibility of simultaneous or sequential infection by more than one electropherotype in a single diarrhea event or occurrence of modification in the length of the rna segments during an infection. these pos ... | 1983 | 6299944 |
| virus-specific immunity in neonatal and adult mouse rotavirus infection. | mouse rotavirus (epizootic diarrhea of infant mice) was used as a model to study the role of virus-specific immunity in infection and diarrheal disease. the distribution of viral antigen in intestinal tissues was determined by immunofluorescent staining with anti-simian rotavirus (sa-11) serum. the location and proportion of antigen-positive cells appeared to vary as a function of time postinfection and age of the animal at the time of infection. in animals infected at 1 and 7 days of age, antig ... | 1983 | 6299952 |
| improved immunofluorescence techniques with microplates for the detection of m and g immunoglobulins against rotavirus. | a selection of microplates and an inverted microscope were used for the detection of immuno-fluorescence in large numbers of infected cell monolayers. the optical features of this instrument in combination with either terasaki or microlymp plates, simplify procedures and allow economical use of reagents, for determining fluorescent antibody levels. the techniques described were applied for estimating m and g immunoglobulins against rotavirus in elderly patients and the validity of the tests was ... | 1983 | 6300157 |
| gene coding assignments for growth restriction, neutralization and subgroup specificities of the w and ds-1 strains of human rotavirus. | gene coding assignments for growth restriction, neutralization and subgroup specificities were determined for two human rotavirus strains, ds-1 and w, which represent two distinct serotypes. the 4th gene segment of both viruses was associated with restriction of growth in cell culture. the 9th gene segment of w virus and 8th segment of ds-1 were associated with serotype specificity, while the 6th gene segment of w virus was associated with subgroup specificity. | 1983 | 6300286 |
| adaptation of two avian rotaviruses to mammalian cells and characterization by haemagglutination and rna electrophoresis. | turkey and chicken rotaviruses were successfully adapted to replicate in a rhesus monkey embryo kidney (ma104) cell line. trypsin treatment of virus and cells was essential for serial passage of the viruses. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separated the viral rna into 11 segments with clear resolution of segments 10 and 11. segment 5 migrated with size class i, and this characteristic appeared to be a unique feature of the avian rotavirus genome. the ability of the avian rotaviruses to haemag ... | 1983 | 6300305 |
| electron microscopy of tubular assemblies associated with naturally occurring bovine rotavirus. | three types of regularly constructed assembly have been observed by electron microscopy of rotavirus-containing faeces from naturally infected cattle. two of the structures, designated rotatube 1 and rotatube 2 respectively, are tubular in nature, and the third, designated rotatube 3, takes the form of large relatively disorganized sheets of material exhibiting, in some areas, tubular characteristics. rotatube 1 is a 'wide' tube of approximately 80 nm diameter, the wall of which is composed of a ... | 1983 | 6300306 |
| prevalence of subgroup 1, 2, and 3 rotaviruses in belgian children suffering from acute diarrhea (1978-1981). | the relative prevalence of human rotavirus subgroups was studied during a 3-year period (1978-1981) by means of a sensitive complement fixation technique. among 93 rotavirus isolates from children with acute gastroenteritis in brussels, the prevalence of subgroups 1, 2, and 3 was, respectively 24, 17, and 32%. the remaining 27% of strains could not be typed, but no evidence for the existence of any new subgroup was found. the proportion of strains belonging to the different subgroups remained ro ... | 1983 | 6300316 |
| cocirculation of different rotavirus strains in a local outbreak of infantile gastroenteritis: monitoring by rapid and sensitive nucleic acid analysis. | rotaviruses isolated from 22 patients during a local outbreak of infantile gastroenteritis in october/november 1981 were genotyped by establishing their rna migration patterns on polyacrylamide gels. a highly sensitive silver staining procedure was used to visualize the rnas. it was found that strains with at least four different rna patterns cocirculated and also showed serological differences. | 1983 | 6300317 |
| derivation of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against rotavirus. | monoclonal antibodies were derived against the sa11 simian, nic bovine, and wa human rotavirus strains and characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, plaque neutralization, and hemagglutination inhibition. several strain sa11-specific antibodies were found to have neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibiting capacity. | 1983 | 6300449 |
| molecular cloning of double-stranded rna virus genomes. | genome double-stranded rnas isolated from purified human reovirus (serotype 3) and rotavirus (wa strain) were modified at the 3' termini by addition of oligo(c) approximately 15 with t4 rna ligase. these rnas were transcribed into cdna by oligo(dg)-primed reverse transcriptase and cloned after insertion into pbr322 at the pst i site. hybridization of plasmid-transformed escherichia coli rr1 colonies with 32p-labeled viral genome rnas demonstrated the presence of dna clones representative of each ... | 1983 | 6300836 |
| electrophoretic study of the genome of human rotaviruses from rio de janeiro, são paulo and pará, brazil. | human rotaviruses from the states of rio de janeiro, são paulo and pará of brazil were analysed by rna electrophoresis. at least some bands characteristic of rotavirus double-stranded rna were detected in 138 (86.8%) of 159 faecal samples in which the presence of rotavirus had been demonstrated by enzyme immunoassay. of the rna-positive samples, 18 (13.0%) were classified as subgroup 1, 94 (68.1%) as subgroup 2, and 26 (18.8%) could not be classified due to absence of visible bands 10 and 11. su ... | 1983 | 6296228 |
| oral administration of human rotavirus to volunteers: induction of illness and correlates of resistance. | four of 18 volunteers challenged orally with human rotavirus strain d (subgroup 2, serotype wa) developed a diarrheal illness two to four days after inoculation. viral shedding was detected in five of the 18 volunteers, whereas 12 (67%) developed serologic evidence of infection. two volunteers who developed diarrheal illness after the initial inoculation were given the same inoculum 19 months later; neither developed diarrhea, although one developed constitutional and gastrointestinal symptoms. ... | 1983 | 6296243 |
| isolation of a human pararotavirus. | during a survey of 350 different isolates of human rotaviruses, a single isolate with unique properties was obtained. unlike all rotaviruses tested this unique isolate failed to react in an elisa test with antibody directed against the group-specific rotavirus antigen. the morphology of this unusual virus isolate was identical in electron micrographs with other rotaviruses and the virus also contained 11 double-stranded rna segments characteristic of this virus group. the electrophoretic migrati ... | 1983 | 6297152 |
| simple apparatus for collecting estuarine sediments and suspended solids to detect solids-associated virus. | laboratory trials of a new sampler for collection of estuarine sediment-associated virus resulted in a recovery effectiveness averaging 30% for two enteroviruses and rotavirus sa11. a minimal recovery potential of 54% was calculated when losses caused by virus concentration procedure inadequacies were excluded. both sediment-associated and suspended solids-associated viruses were collected with the sampler. recoveries of 61 and 60% poliovirus and rotavirus, respectively, were obtained from salt ... | 1983 | 6297395 |
| isolation and characterization of anti-rotavirus immunoglobulins secreted by cloned hybridoma cell lines. | five monoclonal hybridoma cell lines secreting antibodies against bovine rotavirus have been produced and four of them characterized by immunostaining of structural polypeptides electrophoretically transferred on to nitrocellulose sheets. three hybridomas appeared to be directed against the major structural polypeptide (vp39) of the virion. these three monoclonals cross-reacted with the major polypeptide of simian rotavirus and human rotavirus. a fourth hybridoma appeared to react specifically w ... | 1983 | 6296301 |
| enteropathogenic agents in children with diarrhoea in rural zaire. | a systematic study of enteropathogenic agents in the stools of children was carried out in a rural area of kivu province in zaire in june, 1979. 84 inpatients and 271 outpatients with diarrhoea were investigated together with 117 inpatient and 203 outpatient controls without diarrhoea. campylobacter jejuni was the most frequently recovered pathogen in both inpatients (24%) and outpatients (13.7%). enterotoxigenic escherichia coli was the next most common among children presenting as outpatients ... | 1983 | 6131221 |
| a dot hybridisation assay for detection of rotavirus. | a "dot" hybridisation technique for the detection of rotavirus in stools and other biological materials is described. the assay is based on the in-situ hybridisation of labelled single-stranded rna probes, obtained by in-vitro transcription of rotavirus particles, to heat-denatured rotavirus rna immobilised on nitrocellulose membranes. the method is highly specific and allows for the detection of as little as 8 pg of viral rna. its use for the detection of rotavirus in stool suspensions and rect ... | 1983 | 6131257 |
| rotavirus infection of young calves in iraq. | 1983 | 6133440 | |
| immunogenicity and safety of live oral attenuated bovine rotavirus vaccine strain rit 4237 in adults and young children. | a candidate oral live rotavirus vaccine, strain rit 4237, of bovine origin, was tested for immunogenicity and safety in man. in adults the vaccine did not cause clinical symptoms, and a booster response in rotavirus serum antibodies was seen in 2/20 subjects. in seronegative young children one oral dose induced seroconversion to homologous virus in 15/17 (88%) children seronegative by enzyme immunoassay and in 13/19 (68%) children seronegative by a neutralisation assay. the vaccine did not produ ... | 1983 | 6137646 |
| false positive rotazyme tests on faecal samples from babies. | 1983 | 6138572 | |
| prevention of rotavirus infection by cow colostrum antibody against human rotaviruses. | 1983 | 6138575 | |
| rotavirus-like agent in adult non-bacterial diarrhoea in china. | 1983 | 6138617 | |
| impact of supplementary food on intake of breast milk in diarrhoea. | the intake of breast milk during acute and early convalescent stages of diarrhoea (over a 7-day period) and a fortnight after discharge from hospital (late convalescent stage) was monitored in 33 breastfed children aged 8-24 months. 16 were exclusively breastfed and 17 were partially weaned at the time of admission. on admission, weaning food was introduced to the exclusively breastfed children, whose intake of breast milk in the acute stage made up slightly more than half the total calorie inta ... | 1983 | 6139681 |
| prevalence of rotavirus antibody in bangkok metropolis 1982. | 1983 | 6090528 | |
| [counterimmunoelectrophoresis and complement fixation in the seroepidemiology of rotaviruses]. | 1983 | 6098895 | |
| comparison of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), immuno-electron microscopy (iem) and enzyme immunoassay (eia) for the rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infection in children. | detection of rotavirus rna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) proved to be a highly sensitive and rapid diagnostic test. a comparison of this assay with immuno-electron microscopy (iem) and enzyme immunoassay (eia) in 245 faeces from children with gastroenteritis revealed complete agreement between the three assays in 238 (97.14%) samples. among 75 samples positive in at least one of the three assays, negative results were observed in 5 (6.48%) by page, in 6 (6.76%) by eia and in none ... | 1983 | 6085848 |
| [incidence and types of rotavirus in relation to the age of the patients and different times of the year]. | 1983 | 6094293 | |
| [determination of neutralization kinetics of rotaviruses strains using specific antisera--a possibility of rotavirus typing]. | 1983 | 6189466 | |
| serological comparison of canine rotavirus with various simian and human rotaviruses by plaque reduction neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition tests. | by the plaque reduction neutralization test, the cu-1 strain of canine rotavirus was similar, if not identical, to three strains (no. 14, no. 15, and p) of the tentatively designated third human rotavirus serotype. in addition, strain cu-1 demonstrated a one-way antigenic relationship with two other strains (m and b) of the third human rotavirus serotype. the cu-1 strain of canine rotavirus hemagglutinated human group o, rhesus monkey, dog, sheep, and guinea pig erythrocytes. a two-way antigenic ... | 1983 | 6190752 |
| [comparison and evaluation of various methods of laboratory diagnosis of rotavirus infections (electron microscopy, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, enzyme immunoassay, coagglutination, immunofluorescence)]. | 1983 | 6225533 | |
| effect of clioquinol, an 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative, on rotavirus infection in mice. | rotavirus particles are unique in their configuration. they have a double-shelled protein capsid, inside which are the viral rna fragments and a viral polymerase. the outer shell is involved in the infectivity of the virus particle; without it the particle is not infective. at the cellular level during the infection process, this outer shell is made permeable by an unknown mechanism. this makes the rna polymerase within the particle accessible to precursors of new rna. transcription begins, and ... | 1983 | 6225809 |
| interferon induction in rotavirus and coronavirus infections: a review of recent results. | the interferon (ifn) response was studied in two different models of viral enteritis of the neonate. in rotavirus infected calves, ifn synthesis could be detected in the intestine and in the blood at the time of the diarrheic symptoms. a kinetic study on canulated calves suggested that systemic ifn is of intestinal origin. during tgev infection (transmissible gastroenteritis virus) of the newborn piglet, an acute disease which leads to 100% mortality, ifn was found at very high titres (1 000-20 ... | 1983 | 6203463 |
| patterns of intestinal infection in australian aboriginal children. | a year-long, prospective study of aboriginal children with diarrhoea showed a high rate of isolation of bacterial pathogens, viruses and parasites in faecal specimens. seventeen per cent of patients had enterotoxigenic bacteria in their stools; none of the 132 aboriginal children without diarrhoea studied at the same time had enterotoxigenic bacteria isolated. salmonellae and shigellae were also much more common in the diarrhoea group. bacterial pathogens including enterotoxigenic e. coli and ae ... | 1983 | 6191647 |
| reversal of neutropenia with intravenous gammaglobulin in autoimmune neutropenia of infancy. | intravenous gammaglobulin (ivigg) was used to treat autoimmune neutropenia of infancy in two males with repeated infections. the neutrophil count increased significantly in both patients with the initial ivigg therapy; 1 patient went into remission. the neutrophil count in the other remained above baseline for 3 wk, and a subsequent booster infusion also caused the neutrophil count to increase. the patients have remained clinically well since their treatment began. serial studies of antineutroph ... | 1983 | 6191800 |
| uses and abuses of diagnostic electron microscopy. | 1983 | 6191924 | |
| action of commonly used disinfectants against enteroviruses. | the virucidal effect of some of the most commonly used hospital disinfectants against coxsackie b4, echovirus 11, poliovirus type 1 and rotavirus have been evaluated. it was found that 'chloros', 'totacide 28' and methylated spirits were completely virucidal to all the viruses under study. 'stericol' and 'lysol' had a limited effect while 'hibiscrub' and 'savlon' had no effect at all. | 1983 | 6195231 |
| hospital acquired rotaviral gastroenteritis in a general paediatric unit. | between 1 october 1981 and 30 september 1982, 74 children with acute gastroenteritis were admitted to the paediatric wards at st thomas' hospital, and a further 37 patients acquired gastroenteritis while in hospital. rotaviruses were detected in the stools of 29 of 74 (39 per cent) of patients with community-acquired and 22 of 37 (59 per cent) of patients with hospital-acquired infection. although patients were also admitted with bacterial stool pathogens, barrier nursing techniques were apparen ... | 1983 | 6195243 |
| immune rabbit sera do not recognize antigenic variants of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus isolated during persistent infection. | isolates of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus recovered 12 to 18 months after infection of goats were tested for neutralization by using rabbit antisera directed to the original inoculum virus. only slight differences in neutralization kinetics between the long-term isolates and the original virus were detected, indicating that heterologous rabbit antisera do not detect antigenic variation of the neutralizing epitopes of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus. | 1983 | 6196294 |
| serological analysis of the subgroup protein of rotavirus, using monoclonal antibodies. | ten monoclones directed to the 42,000-dalton inner structural protein of rotavirus were analyzed. eight monoclones reacted broadly with antigenic domains common to virtually all mammalian rotaviruses. two monoclones had specificities similar or identical to previously characterized subgroup specificities. these subgroup monoclones were more efficient in detecting subgroup antigen than either hyperimmune or postinfection antisera. using the subgroup monoclones, we determined that some animal as w ... | 1983 | 6185436 |
| inhibition of host cell macromolecular syntheses in llc-mk2 cells infected by wild human rotaviruses. | 1983 | 6188941 | |
| isolation of rotavirus from calves, foals, dogs and cats in new zealand. | the incidence of rotaviruses in calves, foals, dogs and cats in the dunedin urban and rural areas was investigated using electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. of the 283 faecal specimens examined, 26% were positive for rotavirus. comparison of the genetic electropherotypes was made by separating the viral dsrna segments using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. it is possible that rotavirus infection is a zoonotic disease. | 1983 | 16030978 |
| diarrhea. | the four major mechanisms of diarrhea are osmotic forces, secretory forces, exudation from a disrupted intestinal mucosa, and disturbed intestinal motility. in many illnesses, more than one mechanism produces diarrhea. the rotaviruses and the norwalk viruses have recently been recognized as common causes of viral gastroenteritis. also, the major cause of antibiotic-associated colitis is now known to be an overgrowth of clostridium difficile. campylobacter has also been identified as a common cau ... | 1983 | 21283398 |
| experimental infection of chickens with rotaviruses: clinical and virological findings. | specific-pathogen-free chickens were infected orally with two different isolates (ch 1 and 132) of chicken rotavirus. chickens aged 1, 14 and 28 days were equally susceptible to infection. following infection with either virus, the clinical signs were mild. coincident with the peak of virus excretion and for a period of 1 to 2 days, infected birds passed increased quantities of caecal droppings. at necropsy, the caeca were abnormally distended with gas and fluid. immunofluorescence showed that f ... | 1983 | 18766762 |
| rotaviruses: expectations for a vaccine. | an attempt is made to answer 2 questions: is it possible to develop a vaccine capable of preventing acute infectious diarrhea; and would this rotavirus vaccine make a significant impression on the number of fatal cases of acute infectious diarrhea. the isolation of rotaviruses in tissue culture to develop less powerful strains for use as a live oral vaccine has been accomplished. at least 4 serotypes exist which can be distinguished from each other by specific antibody. no one knows yet as t ... | 1984 | 12268037 |
| acute diarrhoea and rotavirus infections in young children in kuwait. | the role of rotavirus infections in acute diarrhoea in young children was studied over a period of one year. rotavirus was detected by electron microscopy and enzyme immunoassay methods in 40.2% of faecal specimens from 343 children with acute diarrhoea and in 4.7% of 86 controls. the infections were most common in children aged 2-12 months (42.3%). twelve per cent of the rotavirus infected children were also infected with bacterial enteropathogens (salmonellae, shigellae and enteropathogenic es ... | 1984 | 6083746 |
| aetiology of diarrhoea in adequately nourished young african children in durban, south africa. | two inter-related hospital-based studies on the causes of diarrhoea in african children who were not overtly malnourished, were performed over a period of two years in durban, south africa. the first study involved 126 inpatients selected for previously untreated diarrhoea of less than 96 h duration. on examination and culture of the stools of these children bacteria were identified in 60%, rotavirus in 20% and parasites in 4%. no pathogens were identified in 33%. the bacteria most frequently en ... | 1984 | 6084467 |
| rotavirus infections in high-risk neonates. | during a 12-month period, 260 neonates in a referral neonatal nursery were examined weekly for rotavirus infection. a total of 15.4 per cent were found positive during their stay in the nursery and one-quarter of these neonates had symptoms of diarrhoea. most infected neonates excreted rotavirus in only one stool sample. no seasonal variation was found in the incidence of infections. rotavirus infection was related to low birthweight and length of stay in the neonatal nursery. breast-fed newborn ... | 1984 | 6085100 |
| the major surface glycoprotein of simian rotavirus (sa11) contains distinct epitopes. | the polypeptide specificities on monoclonal antibodies previously derived against the sa11 simian, nic bovine, and wa human strains of rotavirus were determined by radioimmunoprecipitation of infected cell lysates. all the monoclonal antibodies derived using nic and wa were found to be directed against the major component of the inner capsid, while most of the sa11 monoclones were directed against the major outer capsid glycoprotein. when several sa11 glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibodies ... | 1984 | 6085822 |
| the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis. | 1984 | 6199812 | |
| serotypic similarity and diversity of rotaviruses of mammalian and avian origin as studied by plaque-reduction neutralization. | a total of 16 different strains of rotavirus derived from seven mammalian species (four each from human and porcine species, two each from equine and simian species, and one each from canine and bovine species) and two avian species (one each from turkeys and chickens) were examined in plaque-reduction neutralization tests. seven antigenically distinct serotypes were established on the basis of a greater than or equal to 20-fold difference between titers of homologous and heterologous reciprocal ... | 1984 | 6202807 |
| monoclonal antibodies directed against different antigenic determinants of rotavirus. | we have developed a series of monoclonal antibodies against the calf strain rit 4237 (subgroup 1) and the human strain 82-561 (subgroup 3) of rotavirus, both grown in tissue culture, and also against the human rotavirus 81-2162 (subgroup 2), extracted from a fecal specimen. a variety of different specificities was observed among these antibodies, namely, antibodies against group and subgroup determinants, as well as neutralizing antibodies. by using monoclonal antibodies against the subgroup ant ... | 1984 | 6202884 |
| epidemiological aspects of porcine rotavirus infection in venezuela. | the prevalence of porcine rotavirus infection in venezuela was studied from november 1980 to november 1981. rotaviruses were identified in 21.3 per cent of 286 diarrhoeic samples analysed by electron microscopy and in none of the 48 controls. rotaviruses were readily detected throughout the year, which may correspond to the absence of seasonal climatic variations in a tropical country such as venezuela. rotavirus infection was frequently observed in pigs that were two to six weeks old and was ra ... | 1984 | 6205426 |
| interferon response in colostrum-deprived newborn calves infected with bovine rotavirus: its possible role in the control of the pathogenicity. | colostrum-deprived newborn calves were experimentally infected with cell-culture rotavirus. a similar process of infection was observed when the animals were inoculated immediately after birth or at the age of three days, with a corresponding delay in the onset of virus excretion and interferon production in the later case. with high doses of virus, interferon was produced very early and no symptoms were observed. with lower doses of virus, interferon production was delayed and preceded by a sev ... | 1984 | 6207759 |
| sialodacryoadenitis in the rat: effects of immunosuppression on the course of the disease. | eight-week-old outbred male and female crl:cd(sd)br rats were treated with prednisolone (pr) or cyclophosphamide (cy) and were inoculated intranasally with sialodacryoadenitis (sda) virus. the course of the disease was compared with nonimmunosuppressed, sda virus-inoculated rats of the same stock. criteria used to compare sda in the 3 groups, included histologic changes in salivary and lacrimal glands, immunofluorescent microscopy of paraffin-embedded tissues, serum amylase levels, and antibody ... | 1984 | 6208823 |
| [viral diarrhea]. | 1984 | 6209435 | |
| seroepidemiological study of rotavirus infection in rural ghana. | children in a village in rural ghana were found to have acquired antibody to rotavirus by the age of two years. the results of our study suggest that primary infection takes place early in infancy. fifty-six per cent of the three to 20-months-old had a four-fold rise in antibody levels during the six months follow-up period and 72.2% of them had one or more episodes of diarrhoea compared with 42.8% of those whose antibody levels stayed the same or decreased. the major epidemic season is consider ... | 1984 | 6210042 |
| interaction of mucosal immune system and infections in infancy: implications in allergy. | the immune responses to viral antigens and other environmental agents to which the mucosal surfaces of the neonate are exposed during the perinatal period and early infancy are intimately related to the mechanism of innate immunologic reactivity of the mother-and, possibly, to the immunologic elements in the products of lactation for a breast-feeding infant-and the nutritional homeostasis of the neonate. the role of these factors in protecting against pathogenicity of viral infections in the res ... | 1984 | 6239576 |
| pseudoreplica electron microscopy for the detection of rotavirus: comparison with high-speed centrifugation electron microscopy and elisa. | three-hundred and sixty-three stool specimens from patients with diarrhoea were examined for rotaviruses to compare the sensitivity of the pseudoreplica technique (psd-em) to that of high-speed centrifugation em (hsc-em) in relation to a commercially available (rotazyme, abbott) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). in elisa-positive cases, both methods were of equal sensitivity. however, in borderline (+/-) and elisa-negative specimens, psd-em detected 31 of 48 (64.6%) and 18 of 229 (8%) p ... | 1984 | 6094611 |
| a cryptogram for recording rotavirus strains: the rotacode. | the rna genome of rotaviruses consists of 11 segments in four size-classes which can be separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, although 11 separate bands are not shown by all strains. we propose a cryptogram (rotacode) based on the relative distance of migration of adjacent bands in each size-class for coding the typical pattern of each strain of virus. this provides a shorthand for recording details of each strain and for grouping electrophoretically similar strains. rotacode was foun ... | 1984 | 6094663 |
| molecular cloning and sequencing of the reovirus (serotype 3) s1 gene which encodes the viral cell attachment protein sigma 1. | the complete sequence of the reovirus (serotype 3) s1 gene was obtained by using cloned cdna derived from the rna segment. this gene is 1416 nucleotides in length and contains two open reading frames. the first reading frame has a coding capacity of 455 amino acids, sufficient to account for the known s1 product, protein sigma 1 (42,000 mw). it possesses a signal peptide as well as three possible glycosylation sites. no homology could be detected when this gene sequence and the deduced amino aci ... | 1984 | 6095208 |
| enzyme immunoassay for subgrouping human rotaviruses using monoclonal antibodies. | rotavirus group-specific (common in human rotaviruses) and subgroup 1-specific monoclonal antibodies were established and an enzyme immunoassay was developed for subgrouping human rotaviruses. | 1984 | 6095489 |
| milk fat and gastrointestinal illness. | the population of a pediatric practice was followed prospectively and determinants of acute gastrointestinal illness were evaluated in a nested age-matched case-control study. children over age one taking low fat milk as their only milk source in the three weeks prior to illness had five times the risk of a doctor's visit for acute gastrointestinal illness as did children taking only whole milk during the same time period. this increased risk could not be explained by numerous potentially confou ... | 1984 | 6095691 |
| [rotavirus excretion in infants. virologic and immunologic aspects]. | 1984 | 6095723 | |
| a rapid screening assay for detecting individual rna species in field isolates of rotaviruses. | a method is described that allows the rapid screening of field isolates of rotavirus for the detection of specific viral rna segments. cloned cdna copies of viral genomic rnas are employed for detection in the assay which makes use of the dot-hybridization technique of thomas (1980). the assay developed was shown to be sufficiently sensitive and specific to allow the genetic composition of virions to be determined over a wide range of concentrations. the feasibility of using the method developed ... | 1984 | 6096390 |
| rapid detection of enteric adenovirus and rotavirus: a simple method using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | a simple and rapid procedure for identifying adenovirus and rotavirus in stool extracts has been developed. the technique is based on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the virus nucleic acid, but sample preparation is straightforward and does not entail phenol extraction or the use of a radioactive label. furthermore, processing is not influenced by the amount of specimen obtained and is thus suitable for application as a batch testing method. this approach removes the need for specific anti ... | 1984 | 6096404 |
| antigenic variation in latin american human pararotaviruses (a typical rotaviruses) | 1984 | 6096406 | |
| viral diarrhoeas. | 1984 | 6096438 | |
| clinical features and laboratory diagnosis of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in infants and children. | this study was undertaken to compare countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (cie) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using rotazyme kit to detect rotavirus antigen in the stools of children with gastroenteritis and to compare and contrast the signs and symptoms of rotavirus antigen-positive with antigen-negative children. over 2 years, 171 infant and children admitted to the pediatric in-patient unit at st. luke's hospital, cleveland, ohio, with gastroenteritis were evaluated. stools ... | 1984 | 6096439 |
| the detection of rotaviruses in products of wastewater treatment. | rotaviruses present in products of wastewater treatment were assayed in ma104 cells by indirect immunofluorescence. levels in settled sewage, activated sludge and effluent were greater than 10(3) per litre in march and april but virus was not detected during later months. this pattern correlated with the decline in laboratory reports of human rotavirus infection. | 1984 | 6096445 |
| [epidemiologic and electron microscopic study of viral gastroenteritis in kagawa prefecture, japan, revealed three distinct causative agent groups]. | 1984 | 6096456 | |
| identification of an outer capsid glycoprotein of human rotavirus by concanavalin a. | an outer capsid glycoprotein of human rotavirus (serotype 1) was localized and characterized by use of lectins, electron microscopy and a modified western blotting technique. lectins with specificity for fucose, galactose, glucose and mannose were mixed with purified single- or double-shelled human rotavirus. aggregates observed by electron microscopy were obtained with double-shelled virus and concanavalin a, the only tested lectin with mannose specificity. by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophor ... | 1984 | 6096494 |
| faecal and pharyngeal shedding of rotavirus and rotavirus iga in children with diarrhoea. | in 70 children 0-4 years of age with acute diarrhoea, the shedding of rotavirus and the excretion of rotavirus-specific iga antibody in the stools were examined throughout the period of clinical symptoms. quantitative detection of rotavirus and iga was performed by an elisa technique. the maximal rotavirus shedding was found between the second and fifth day and the maximal excretion of iga antibody about the seventh day, which marked the clinical recovery of most children. throat swabs were exam ... | 1984 | 6096502 |
| a serological survey on rotavirus infection in dogs by immune adherence hemagglutination test. | 1984 | 6096619 | |
| canine parvovirus enteritis 3: scanning electron microscopical features of experimental infection. | a group of 10-week-old puppies was orally inoculated with canine parvovirus of faecal origin. scanning electron microscopy was used to study and compare the surface topography in both control and inoculated animals. in control dogs the villi were tall and finger-like in shape and numerous irregular transverse circumferential grooves were present on the surface. at higher magnification, the outlines of individual epithelial cells and depressions, interpreted as goblet cells, could be discerned. i ... | 1984 | 6097019 |
| study of genetic reassortment between two human rotaviruses. | eight different human rotavirus strains were adapted to replicate in cell culture. in vitro, rotavirus genetic reassortment has been performed between two virus strains, one with a long pattern of segmented genomic rnas and the other with a short pattern in the electrophoretic mobility of genomic rnas. this genetic reassortment was detectable despite the lack of selective markers in the parental strains. moreover, some of the reassorted virus exhibited mixed rna patterns containing extra genomic ... | 1984 | 6097030 |