Publications

isolation of an atypical rotavirus causing diarrhea in neonatal ferrets.	a rotavirus was isolated from neonatal ferrets (mustela putorius furo) with diarrhea at a large commercial farm. this virus is classified as an atypical rotavirus, probably belonging to the group c rotaviruses. this classification is based on the lack of the rotavirus group a common antigen and on its distinct dsrna electropherotype pattern in polyacrylamide gels. the diarrheal disease was reproduced experimentally in neonatal ferrets.	1987	3599884
clinical, functional and pathologic changes associated with a case of dilatative cardiomyopathy in a ferret.		1987	3599892
chondrosarcoma of the tail of ferrets (mustela putorius furo).		1987	3603966
peripheral lymphedema in ferrets infected with brugia malayi.	this study examines the production and persistence of peripheral lymphedema in ferrets experimentally infected with brugia malayi. in 14 of 18 ferrets inoculated 2 or more times with infective larvae, lymphedema developed in the inoculated paw or paw and lower leg. in 5 of these ferrets lymphedema had persisted for 8 to 18 months at the time of necropsy. lymphedema rarely was observed following a single inoculation of larvae or in microfilaremic ferrets. the results suggest that the ferret may b ...	1987	3605495
the early development of the heart of tupaia belangeri, with reference to other mammals.	the development of the heart of tupaia belangeri from the first endothelial-lined lumina to the cardiac loop is described in 20 embryos with 2 to 14 somites, from ontogenetic days 11 and 12. bilateral endocardial tubes transporting blood are found in the 8-somite embryo; in the middle cardiac plate, angioblasts and angiocysts are located between them. in the 9-somite embryo, formation of the cardiac loop has started, the endocardial tubes approach each other closely, most of the angiocysts have ...	1987	3605650
source of cholinergic input to ferret visual cortex.	the source of cholinergic input to ferret visual cortex was investigated with a combination of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. cholinergic projections to ferret visual cortex arise from basal forebrain cells in the septum, diagonal and nucleus basalis magnocellularis; the largest contribution comes from cells in the caudal part of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. there is no discernible source in the brainstem.	1987	3607467
factors affecting preconditioning of trichinella spiralis nativa larvae in musculature to low temperatures.	the influence of preconditioning temperature, length of the preconditioning period, host and age of the infection on the survival of trichinella spiralis nativa larvae in musculature to low temperature refrigeration was investigated. dogs, foxes, ferrets, mink and guinea pigs were infected with a t. spiralis nativa isolate, killed at various times postinfection, preconditioned at temperature of -10 degrees c, -15 degrees c or -20 degrees c for varying periods of time prior to low temperature ref ...	1987	3607648
stretch-induced membrane depolarization in ferret trachealis smooth muscle cells.	we determined the effects of increasing the length of the ferret trachealis muscle on smooth muscle membrane potentials recorded on successive impalements by microelectrodes. the preparation included the paratracheal ganglion nerve plexus as well as trachealis muscle. with sustained increases in muscle length over the range 0.5-0.8 to 1.2 maximal length (lmax), depolarization occurred, which was related to the amplitude of the length increase. membrane depolarizations were also evoked after stre ...	1987	3610928
intracellular free calcium concentration measured with 19f nmr spectroscopy in intact ferret hearts.	changes in the intracellular free ca2+ concentration, [ca2+]i, mediate excitation-contraction coupling in the heart and contribute to cellular injury during ischemia and reperfusion. to study these processes directly, we measured [ca2+]i in perfused ferret (mustela putorius furo) hearts using 19f nmr spectroscopy to detect the 5,5'-difluoro derivative of the ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid (bapta). to load cells, hearts were perfused with the acetoxymethyl ...	1987	3112778
the action of dazopride to enhance gastric emptying and block emesis.	the substituted benzamide derivatives, dazopride and metoclopramide, enhanced field stimulation-induced contractions of guinea-pig stomach strips and gastric emptying in the guinea-pig after peripheral, intracerebroventricular and intrahypothalamic injection. in the isolated vagal nerve preparation from the rabbit, both compounds were shown to be 5-hydroxytryptamine m-receptor antagonists. dazopride and metoclopramide were equipotent in antagonising cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret, wherea ...	1987	3114664
the effects of hypertonicity on tension and intracellular calcium concentration in ferret ventricular muscle.	1. tension and intracellular calcium concentration ([ca2+]i) were measured in isolated ferret papillary muscles exposed to hypertonic solutions. [ca2+]i was measured with aequorin which was microinjected into surface cells of the preparation. correction was made for the effects of ionic strength on aequorin sensitivity to ca2+. 2. application of 100 mm-mannitol increased both developed tension and the intracellular ca2+ signals on contraction (the ca2+ transients). 300 mm-mannitol increased the ...	1987	3116206
the effects of calcium on potassium transport in ferret red cells.	1. the effects of changes in the concentration of intracellular calcium on potassium transport were investigated in ferret red cells. bumetanide was used to divide potassium transport into three components: total, bumetanide sensitive and bumetanide resistant. the bumetanide-sensitive component is equivalent to sodium-potassium-chloride co-transport. 2. internal calcium concentration was controlled with the ionophore a23187 which was present throughout the experiments. 3. changes in internal ion ...	1987	3119819
the contribution of intracellular acidosis to the decline of developed pressure in ferret hearts exposed to cyanide.	1. the concentrations of phosphorus-containing metabolites were measured using 31p nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) in langendorff-perfused ferret hearts. the hearts were stimulated at a constant rate and developed pressure was measured. 2. the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation with cyanide (2 mm) decreased developed pressure. this was accompanied by an intracellular acidosis, a fall in the concentration of phosphocreatine ([pcr]) and a rise in that of inorganic phosphate ([pi]). 3. the ...	1987	3127579
establishment of central nervous system infection by canine distemper virus: breach of the blood-brain barrier and facilitation by antiviral antibody.	morphologic, immunologic and virologic data implicating antiviral antibody in promoting entry of canine distemper virus (cdv) into brain and reticuloendothelial tissues are reviewed. infection of central nervous system (cns) endothelium precedes invasion of virus-positive and -negative leukocytes into virchow-robin spaces and central nervous system (cns) parenchyma by 1-3 days. platelets are implicated in initiation of endothelial infection in that: cdv-infected dogs are thrombocytopenic; platel ...	1987	2963430
antiemetic properties of the 5ht3-receptor antagonist, gr38032f.	gr38032f is a highly selective 5ht3-receptor antagonist which inhibits vomiting induced by cisplatin, cyclophosphamide or x-radiation in the ferret. since cisplatin selectively increased the levels of 5ht and 5hiaa in the intestinal mucosa, a possible site of the antiemetic action of gr38032f may be on 5ht3-receptors on vagal afferents in the small intestine. the potent antiemetic action of gr38032f should be of clinical value in reducing the nausea and vomiting associated with radiotherapy or c ...	1987	2964267
intracellular calcium levels in phorbol ester-induced contractions of vascular muscle.	intracellular calcium concentration ([ca2+]i) was measured with aequorin in ferret and rat aortic strips contracted with phorbol esters. in ferret aorta, 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate 20-acetate (dpba, 1 microm) induced contractions without significantly increasing [ca2+]i, whereas 21 mm k+ induced smaller contractions with a significant rise in [ca2+]i. ca2+-free 2.5 mm ethyleneglycol-bis(beta-aminoethylether)-n,n'-tetraacetic acid (egta)-physiological saline solution (pss) had no effect on dp ...	1987	3425738
ca2+ signals obtained with multiple indicators in mammalian vascular muscle cells.	enzymatically isolated single cells from ferret portal vein were loaded with the fluorescent dyes fura-2 and chlortetracycline. ferret portal vein intact strips were loaded with the luminescent indicator aequorin. at short loading times, fura-2 loading resulted in relatively homogeneous images of labeled cells. at longer loading times, extremely heterogeneous images were obtained that were similar to those produced by chlortetracycline, an indicator recognized to enter calcium-storage organelles ...	1987	3425745
pedal sarcoptes scabiei infestation in ferrets (mustela putorius furo).		1987	3426474
role for prenatal estrogen in the development of masculine sexual behavior in the male ferret.	previous studies have shown that neonatal exposure to testosterone is essential for coital masculinization in male ferrets. in the present experiments, masculine sexual behavior was diminished in male ferrets by prenatal exposure to drugs which inhibited estrogenic stimulation of the brain. similarly timed prenatal treatments with testosterone failed to masculinize the behavior of female offspring. we hypothesize that prenatal exposure of the male ferret to estrogen, derived from the neural arom ...	1987	3428886
characterization of several monoclonal antibodies generated against ferret tracheal epithelial cells.	monoclonal antibodies have been generated to ferret tracheal epithelial (fte) cells. four of the antibodies exhibiting positive reactivity in a fluorescence-activated cell sorter were further characterized. in tracheal sections, three of the antibodies reacted with submucous gland cells and material intermeshed in the cilia while the fourth antibody failed to react with epithelial cells. the three antibodies which reacted in tracheal sections also reacted with void volume fractions following sep ...	1987	3298002
sex difference in the effect of mating on the pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone in a reflex ovulator, the ferret.	sex differences in the pulsatile secretion of lh were examined in male and female ferrets after mating. female ferrets which were either gonadally intact and in estrus or gonadectomized and maintained on a pulsed regimen of daily estradiol (e2) injections exhibited a prolonged rise in plasma lh, characterized by an elevation in mean lh levels and an increase in the number of lh pulses after receiving an intromission from a stud male. by contrast, no such increase in lh secretion occurred in male ...	1987	3308435
biology and medicine of the ferret.	there is still much more to be learned about ferret behavior, nutrition, and physiologic responses associated with aging, disease, and environmental stimuli. the many similarities in the clinical disorders of ferrets and other small companion animals should emphasize the importance of using the same diagnostic methods developed for common companion animals in examinations of ferrets. there is still very little known of the efficacy of a wide spectrum of drugs in ferrets, and judicious use of pha ...	1987	3310372
effects of induced thrombocytopenia on viral invasion of the central nervous system in canine distemper virus infection.	groups of canine distemper virus (cdv) susceptible ferrets were treated daily with 2.0 ml of normal goat serum (ngs) or goat anti-ferret platelet serum from 2 days before to 11 days after infection. each group was subdivided into 2 and one subgroup of each was subsequently injected intraperitoneally with virulent r252-cdv. ferrets were killed on days 2, 4, 6, 9 and 11 after infection and tissues from the central nervous system (cns) were examined for histopathological lesions typical for cdv and ...	1987	3312311
characterization of lh-rh immunoreactivity in mammalian pituitary neural lobe by hplc.	high performance liquid chromatography was used to characterize luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lh-rh) immunoreactivity that was previously identified immunocytochemically in the pituitary neural lobes of bats, ferrets and humans. extracts of bat posterior lobe and hypothalamus, ferret posterior lobe and hypothalamus and human neurohypophysis were partially purified with c-18 bond-elut cartridges. samples were chromatographed using a c-18 reverse phase hplc column, and lh-rh-immunoreactiv ...	1987	3315122
sequential infection or immunization of ferrets with a series of influenza a (h3n2) strains (report to the medical research council's sub-committee on influenza vaccines (cdvip/iv)).	previous studies of boys at christ's hospital school have indicated that annual immunization with influenza virus vaccines did not significantly reduce the total incidence of influenza infection compared to unimmunized subjects. in view of the implications of this result, a similar study was conducted in ferrets to clarify these findings. groups of ferrets were immunized or infected with a series of influenza a (h3n2) viruses over an 18-month period, and the immunity to subsequent live virus cha ...	1987	3315713
use of single radial haemolysis for assessing antibody response to influenza virus vaccines in animals.	the value of the single radial haemolysis (srh) test as a possible replacement for the haemagglutination-inhibition (hai) test for the estimation of antibodies against influenza was assessed in three animal models. the serum antibody response was measured by both assay systems; correlation of the two tests was assessed using regression analysis. the study showed that when the response to a single immunisation was determined, the ferret model gave satisfactory correlation of srh and hai, whilst i ...	1987	3323861
measles virus matrix protein gene expression in a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis patient brain and virus isolate demonstrated by cdna hybridization and immunocytochemistry.	subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) is a rare, fatal disease of children caused by a persistent measles virus infection of the central nervous system. a defect in synthesis of measles virus matrix (m) protein may be a factor in virus persistence in the brain. this study details attempts to detect expression of m protein in the brain of an sspe patient, in the cell-associated virus isolated from this brain, and in brains of ferrets inoculated with the isolate. in situ hybridization with a ...	1987	3324622
variation of the ferret skull (mustela putorius furo l.) in relation to stereotaxic landmarks.	the ferret skull was investigated to identify reliable extracranial landmarks for stereotaxy. the skulls of 56 ferrets of both sexes were measured in a stereotaxic apparatus. neither body weight nor an index of skull length proved to be reliable predictors of intracranial location. sutures fused too early in life for lambda and bregma to be useful as landmarks in adult ferrets. the position of extracranial features was used to predict the position of intracranial features. for rostral intracrani ...	1987	3328744
mono-, di- and trimethylamine in human gastric fluid: potential substrates for nitrosodimethylamine formation.	nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) is a potent carcinogen in a wide variety of animal species. in experimental animals, dimethylamine and nitrite, precursors of ndma, are found in gastric fluid where the acidic conditions are suitable for formation of nitrosamines. in this study we measured the concentrations of mono-, di- and trimethylamine (mma, dma and tma) in gastric fluid from humans, rats, dogs and ferrets, as well as in saliva, blood and urine from humans. human gastric fluid contained 3.7 +/- 0 ...	1988	3335043
maximal twitch tension in intact length-clamped ferret papillary muscles evoked by modified postextrasystolic potentiation.	a modified test of postextrasystolic potentiation achieved with a brief episode of rapid pacing followed by a 6-second pause (rpp maneuver) was used to evoke maximal force in isolated intact ferret right ventricular papillary muscles. maximal rpp tensions were examined under length-clamped conditions and compared with the steady-state forces obtained when further increases in [ca2+]o, did not further increase force and to the tensions recorded at the point of saturation of force when similarly l ...	1988	3335058
four viral genes independently contribute to attenuation of live influenza a/ann arbor/6/60 (h2n2) cold-adapted reassortant virus vaccines.	clinical studies previously demonstrated that live influenza a virus vaccines derived by genetic reassortment from the mating of influenza a/ann arbor/6/60 (h2n2) cold-adapted (ca) donor virus with epidemic wild-type influenza a viruses are reproducibly safe, infectious, immunogenic, and efficacious in the prevention of illness caused by challenge with virulent wild-type virus. these influenza a reassortant virus vaccines also express the ca and temperature sensitivity (ts) phenotypes in vitro, ...	1988	3336068
changes in endometrial vascular permeability during the periimplantation period in the ferret (mustela putorius).	a highly localized increase in permeability of uterine blood vessels in the immediate vicinity of implanting blastocysts was first detected on the morning of the 12th day of pregnancy (290 h post coitum). the amount of extravasated dye which accumulated at implantation sites continued to increase through the evening of day 13 (321 h p.c.). blastocyst expansion, as indicated by small uterine swellings, preceded a detectable change in vascular permeability by about 10 h, suggesting that the timing ...	1988	3339587
peptidergic neurohormonal systems in the basal hypothalamus of the ferret and the mink: immunocytochemical study of variations during the annual reproductive cycle.	the hypothalamic systems secreting corticotropin-releasing hormone (crf), somatostatin, oxytocin, vasopressin and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) were characterized using immunochemistry, and variations were studied in relation to the recrudescence of testicular activity in the ferret and the mink, two species with opposite photoregulation of their annual reproductive cycles. under the present conditions of study, the immunoreactivity of the crf, somatostatin, and oxytocin systems s ...	1988	3342434
contractile dysfunction and atp depletion after transient calcium overload in perfused ferret hearts.	although a number of lines of evidence hint that an elevation of intracellular calcium leads to myocardial injury, the cellular consequences of transient ca overload remain unclear. to determine the contractile, histologic, and metabolic sequelae of transient ca overload, we measured developed pressure (dp) in isovolumetric langendorff-perfused ferret hearts at 37 degrees c before and 20 min after three 5 min periods of perfusion with a 10 mm [ca]o, 1 mm [mg]o solution (high-ca group, n = 8) wit ...	1988	3342494
differential release of vasopressin and oxytocin in response to abdominal vagal afferent stimulation or apomorphine in the ferret.	the aim of this study was to investigate whether direct afferent stimulation of the abdominal vagus could promote release of the neurohypophyseal hormones. the nucleus of the solitary tract is the major recipient of vagal afferent information, and this region of the brainstem may also be activated by stimulation of the area postrema. for this reason apomorphine, a d2 dopaminergic agonist which acts on the area postrema, and can evoke vasopressin secretion in man, was also investigated for its ef ...	1988	3345426
genesis of gaba-immunoreactive neurons in the ferret visual cortex.	the pattern of neurogenesis of gaba-immunoreactive neurons in the ferret primary visual cortex was determined using immunohistochemical and 3h-thymidine autoradiographic techniques. neurons in the visual cortex of the ferret undergo their final cell division during a period extending from embryonic day 20 (e20) to postnatal day 14 (p14) and follow an inside-out pattern of neuronal production (jackson et al., 1984) similar to that observed in other mammals. earlier-generated neurons are found at ...	1988	3346729
fates of visual cortical neurons in the ferret after isochronic and heterochronic transplantation.	in the mammalian cerebral cortex, neurons in a given layer are generated at about the same time in development. these cells also tend to share similar sets of morphological and physiological properties and have projection patterns characteristic of that layer. this correspondence between the birthday and eventual fate of a cortical neuron suggests the possibility that the commitment of a cell to a particular laminar position and set of connections may occur very early on in cortical development. ...	1988	3346731
the role of the abdominal visceral innervation and 5-hydroxytryptamine m-receptors in vomiting induced by the cytotoxic drugs cyclophosphamide and cis-platin in the ferret.	we have used the ferret as an animal model to investigate the emetic action of the cytotoxic drugs cyclophosphamide and cis-platin. using selective nerve lesions, a crucial role for the abdominal innervation in the genesis of retching and vomiting in response to these agents has been demonstrated. a combination of bilateral abdominal vagotomy and greater splanchnic nerve section can totally abolish retching and vomiting in response to intraperitoneal cis-platin or intravenous cyclophosphamide. i ...	1988	3347698
a mutation in the pa protein gene of cold-adapted b/ann arbor/1/66 influenza virus associated with reversion of temperature sensitivity and attenuated virulence.	reassortant sg3 inherits only the acidic polymerase (pa) protein gene from the cold-adapted b/aa/1/66 influenza virus (ca b/aa/1/66) and all remaining genes from a virulent, wild-type virus. this reassortant demonstrates attenuated virulence in ferrets and expresses a ts phenotype characteristic of the ca parent. during virulence evaluation of sg3, a virulent, non-ts revertant virus (designated sg3rfl) was isolated from the lungs of one ferret. in order to determine whether the reversion of sg3 ...	1988	3354203
development of ganglion cell topography in ferret retina.	the adult ferret has approximately 90,000 retinal ganglion cells, arranged in a prominent area centralis and visual streak. the role of differential cell generation, cell death, and retinal growth in the control of adult retinal ganglion cell number and distribution was evaluated by examining basic aspects of retinogenesis, including growth in retinal area, developmental changes in the number, size, and distribution of retinal ganglion cells (identification aided by retrograde transport of hrp), ...	1988	3357016
strongyloides stercoralis infection in the ferret.	the ferret (mustela putorius furo) was evaluated as an animal model for infection with human strains of strongyloides stercoralis. results indicate that such infections can be easily and reproducibly accomplished.	1988	3357099
primary auditory cortex in the ferret (mustela putorius): neural response properties and topographic organization.	microelectrode recording studies were made of the crown of the ectosylvian auditory cortex of barbiturate-anesthetized ferrets, using calibrated, sealed acoustic stimulus delivery systems. we confirmed our previous finding using free-field stimuli that this region of the ferret's cerebral cortex contains a tonotopically organized field in which neurons are briskly excited by the onset of tonal stimuli. the vast majority of neurons in this field were narrowly tuned to tone pulse frequency, with q ...	1988	3359271
preganglionic vagus nerve fibers also enter the greater curvature of the stomach in rats and ferrets.	the efferent gastric vagus nerve fibers appear to enter the stomach by several routes. for example, the rate of gastric acid secretion is directly affected by the nerves of the greater curvature of the stomach. specifically, acid secretion decreases abruptly after division of the gastroepiploic nerve(s). to determine whether efferent vagus nerve fibers are contained in the gastroepiploic nerve(s), horseradish peroxidase, a protein that undergoes retrograde axonal transport, was applied to these ...	1988	3360257
periapical innervation of the ferret canine and the local retrograde neural changes after pulpectomy.	the amputation of the dental pulp severs a population of axons that are predominantly in the a delta and c fiber size range and are principally involved in nociception. local periapical neuromas, if they are formed after pulpectomy, may be the sites of spontaneous nervous activity that may, in some circumstances, be involved in the genesis of chronic pain. the periapical tissues from the mandibular canines of four ferrets were examined 3 months after pulpectomies. silver-stained paraffin section ...	1988	3364759
connections of a vagal communicating branch in the ferret. i. pathways and cell body location.	in contrast to most other species, ferrets possess a single communicating branch connecting the dorsal and ventral vagal trunks immediately rostral to the diaphragm. this branch is being used in physiological studies of gastrointestinal function and emesis. however, the fibre routes which pass through this branch are not known. in this study, the afferent and efferent pathways within this supradiaphragmatic vagal communicating branch of the ferret were studied through the use of the horseradish ...	1988	3370503
cryptosporidiosis in ferrets.	the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis in two ferrets who died from unrelated causes prompted a survey to determine the prevalence and incidence of the infection in ferrets at our facility. the survey of the existing ferret population and all new arrivals indicated cryptosporidiosis occurred as a subclinical disease in a high percentage of young ferrets: 40% of the ferret population and 38 to 100% of the new arrivals had cryptosporidial oocysts in their feces. the infection was found to persist for ...	1988	3374090
failure to detect gastric campylobacter-like organisms in a group of ferrets in new zealand.		1988	3374906
emesis, radiation exposure, and local cerebral blood flow in the ferret.	we examined the sensitivity of the ferret to emetic stimuli and the effect of radiation exposure near the time of emesis on local cerebral blood flow. ferrets vomited following the administration of either apomorphine (approx 45% of the ferrets tested) or peptide yy (approx 36% of those tested). exposure to radiation was a very potent emetic stimulus, but vomiting could be prevented by restraint of the hindquarters of the ferret. local cerebral blood flow was measured using a quantitative autora ...	1988	3375441
characterization of radiation-induced emesis in the ferret.	forty-eight ferrets (mustela putorius furo) were individually head-shielded and radiated with bilateral 60co gamma radiation at 100 cgy min-1 at doses ranging between 49 and 601 cgy. the emetic threshold was observed at 69 cgy, the ed50 was calculated at 77 cgy, and 100% incidence of emesis occurred at 201 cgy. with increasing doses of radiation, the latency to first emesis after radiation decreased dramatically, whereas the duration of the prodromal period increased. two other sets of experimen ...	1988	3375446
[rabies antibodies in ferrets after a single rabies vaccination].		1988	3376624
effects of metabolic blockade on intracellular calcium concentration in isolated ferret ventricular muscle.	tension and intracellular free calcium concentration [( ca2+]i) were measured in isolated ferret papillary muscles. when both anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation were prevented (metabolic blockade), there was a rapid decline of both developed tension and systolic [ca2+]i signals. subsequently, resting tension increased, and after a further delay, resting [ca2+]i also rose. when oxidative metabolism was restarted after a period of metabolic blockade that was sufficient to elevate b ...	1988	3383366
velocity of the creatine kinase reaction decreases in postischemic myocardium: a 31p-nmr magnetization transfer study of the isolated ferret heart.	recovery of postischemic function may be limited by energy synthesis by mitochondria, energy transfer via the creatine kinase reaction, or energy utilization at myofibrils. to identify the limiting step, we defined the relations among oxygen consumption, creatine kinase reaction velocity and cardiac performance in myocardium reperfused following mild, moderate, and severe ischemia. isolated isovolumic ferret hearts were perfused with krebs-henseleit buffer at 37 degrees c. after 30 minutes of co ...	1988	3383370
segregation of on and off afferents to ferret visual cortex.	1. on-center and off-center cells are found in separate sublaminae of the ferret's lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn). the purpose of these experiments was to determine whether this segregation is maintained in the projection from the lgn to primary visual cortex (area 17). 2. the distribution of the geniculocortical afferents within area 17 was studied by recording in layer iv after cortical neurons were silenced with kainic acid. 3. in 28 radial penetrations made into layer iv of five kainate-tr ...	1988	3385467
electrophysiological effects of amperozide in papillary muscles from ferrets, guinea-pigs and rabbits.	amperozide, a novel psychotropic agent, in concentrations lower than 10 microm caused a homogenous prolongation only of the action potential in both guinea-pig and rabbit papillary muscle. in concentrations greater than or equal to 10 microm, amperozide caused a flattening of the action potential plateau and the later part of the repolarization phase became slower (longer), probably reflecting an impaired repolarizing na-ca exchange current. the overshoot (os) and the rate of rise of the action ...	1988	3387372
effects of enprofylline, theophylline and terbutaline on second inward currents in papillary muscles from ferrets and guinea-pigs.	in ferret and guinea pig papillary muscles enprofylline (10 microm-10 mm) and theophylline (0.1-2 mm) alone or in combination with terbutaline (0.05 microm-0.1 microm) decreased the action potential duration and increased the plateau height, increased the peak force of contraction and facilitated the depolarization-induced automaticity. in voltage clamp, the xanthines alone or in combination with terbutaline increased second inward currents, ica,f and ica,2, but had relatively less effect on the ...	1988	3387373
tissue fluoroacetate residues in prairie dogs dosed with low-level sodium monofluoroacetate.	a total of 83 black-tailed prairie dogs (cynomys ludovicianus) from south dakota were subjected to low-level treatment with sodium monofluoroacetate (compound 1080) in the laboratory (0.01-0.30 mg 1080/kg). the acute oral median lethal dose (ld50) of 1080 administered by oral gavage was established at 0.173 mg/kg. to assay fluoroacetate residues, 8 kinds of tissue from each of 10 prairie dogs dead of low-level 1080 poisoning were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. of the ...	1988	3391967
chordoma in two ferrets.	chordomas, characterized by lobules of vacuolated cells lying in a mucinous matrix, are described in 2 ferrets. this is the first report of this rare tumour of notochordal remnant origin in the ferret.	1988	3392251
evidence implicating aromatization of testosterone in the regulation of male ferret sexual behavior.	we compared the effects of the aromatase inhibitor, 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione (atd) and castration on the expression of mating behavior in adult male ferrets which were in breeding condition. males implanted sc with silastic capsules containing atd displayed significantly less neck gripping, mounting and intromittive behavior than intact males which received empty capsules, although the atd-induced reductions in behavior were not as large as those seen after castration. atd had no effect o ...	1988	3393606
comparison of mucus flow rate, radiolabelled glycoprotein output and smooth muscle contraction in the ferret trachea in vitro.	1. the concentration-response curves for rate of mucus output, labelled-glycoprotein output and smooth muscle contraction in response to methacholine, phenylephrine and salbutamol were determined in the ferret trachea in vitro. 2. the potencies of methacholine and phenylephrine are both in order: smooth muscle contraction, glycoprotein output, rate of mucus output. 3. at lower concentrations methacholine is more potent than is phenylephrine on smooth muscle contraction, glycoprotein output and r ...	1988	3395780
substituted benzamides. 1. potential nondopaminergic antagonists of chemotherapy-induced nausea and emesis.	a series of new substituted benzamides has been synthesized and evaluated for dopamine antagonist activity and for antagonism of cisplatin-induced emesis in the dog and in the ferret. it was found that modification of the 2-methoxy substituent of metoclopramide was detrimental to dopaminergic d2 antagonism but not necessarily to antagonism of cisplatin-induced emesis. a number of analogues having a beta-keto, beta-hydroxy, beta-methoxy, beta-imino, or beta-unsaturated alkyloxy substituent instea ...	1988	3397992
partial characterization of a luteal factor that induces implantation in the ferret.	this study was designed to test the hypothesis that ferret corpora lutea (cl) secrete a compound that acts in conjunction with progesterone to induce blastocyst implantation and to identify the chemical nature of this compound. cl and the residual ovarian tissue, obtained predominantly on the ninth day of pseudopregnancy, were extracted with 0.05 m phosphate-buffered saline. the extracts were injected into pregnant ferrets that had been ovariectomized on day 6 of pregnancy and had received silas ...	1988	3401538
antigenic and structural characterization of multiple subpopulations of h3n2 influenza virus from an individual.	influenza viruses grown in embryonated chicken eggs frequently possess antigenically distinguishable hemagglutinin (ha) compared to virus from the same source grown in mammalian cell culture. to further investigate the extent of variation among viruses from an individual, viruses were isolated from throat washes collected over a 48-hr period during infection with influenza virus designated a/mem/6/86 (h3n2). viruses were isolated from limit dilutions in eggs and mammalian madin-darby canine kidn ...	1988	3407150
vagally mediated gastric motor and emetic reflexes evoked by stimulation of the antral mucosa in anaesthetized ferrets.	1. in the urethane-anaesthetized ferret chemical (nacl, naoh or hcl) or mechanical (stroking) stimulation of the gastric antral mucosa evoked a decrease in corpus pressure and inhibition of contractions in the presence of guanethidine, adrenalectomy and sectioned greater splanchnic nerves. 2. the fall in corpus pressure was present following administration of atropine but was abolished by vagotomy. 3. preliminary evidence, using 100 mm-naoh as the stimulus, is presented that the effects on corpu ...	1988	3411476
canine distemper in black-footed ferrets (mustela nigripes) from wyoming.	in september and october 1985, six black-footed ferrets (mustela nigripes) were captured from the only known population, located near meeteetse, wyoming for captive propagation. two days following capture an adult male showed signs of canine distemper and an adult female displayed similar signs 7 days postcapture; these infections were undoubtedly acquired prior to capture. subsequently the four remaining captive black-footed ferrets also developed canine distemper and all eventually died. clini ...	1988	3411697
a plague epizootic in the white-tailed prairie dogs (cynomys leucurus) of meeteetse, wyoming.	surveillance for sylvatic plague (yersinia pestis) was conducted near meeteetse, wyoming (usa) from 24 may to 14 june 1985. ten species of fleas were collected from white-tailed prairie dogs (cynomys leucurus), and from their burrows and associated rodents. five of these flea species and two adult prairie dogs were positive for plague. the progression of this plague epizootic appeared to be slower and the intensity was less than in previous epizootics in other prairie dog colonies. the plague ep ...	1988	3411698
acidosis during early reperfusion prevents myocardial stunning in perfused ferret hearts.	cellular calcium overload figures prominently in the pathogenesis of the contractile dysfunction observed after brief periods of ischemia (myocardial stunning). because acidosis is known to antagonize ca influx and the intracellular binding of ca, we reasoned that acidosis during reperfusion might prevent ca overload and ameliorate functional recovery. we measured developed pressure (dp) and 31p-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra in 26 isovolumic langendorff-perfused ferret hearts. after 15 min ...	1988	3417873
dracunculus insignis: experimental infection in the ferret, mustela putorius furo.	the laboratory study of dracunculiasis has suffered from the lack of a suitable, readily available animal model. we have been able to experimentally infect ferrets. mustela putorius furo, with the north american dracunculid, dracunculus insignis. ferrets were inoculated with 75 to 100 infective larvae and were necropsied 90 to 240 days later. guinea worms were recovered from 10 (56%) of 18 ferrets. a total of 44 worms were recovered, for an average of 4.4 worms per infected ferret. gravid female ...	1988	2973492
bmy-25801, an antiemetic agent free of d2-dopamine receptor antagonist properties.	bmy-25801, 4-amino-5-chloro-n-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]2-(1-methyl-2-oxopropoxy ) benzamide, a new antiemetic agent free of d2-dopamine receptor antagonist properties, was effective against emesis induced by cytostatic agents (cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin) and total body radiation in the ferret. it also was effective against cisplatin-induced emesis in the dog; however, it was inactive against emesis caused by apomorphine and hydergine in the same species. in terms of activity profi ...	1988	2978041
ca2+ transients in perfused hearts revealed by gated 19f nmr spectroscopy.	gated acquisition of 19f nuclear magnetic resonance spectra from perfused ferret hearts loaded with the fluorinated ca2+ indicator 5,5'-f2-bapta allows direct quantitation of the cyclical changes in the intracellular free ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]i) that underlie contraction in intact hearts. [ca2+]i increased from approximately 200 nm in diastole to approximately 1 microm or higher in early systole. although the 19f spectra that report [ca2+]i changed dramatically and reproducibly during the c ...	1988	3136952
the effects of magnesium on potassium transport in ferret red cells.	1. the magnesium dependence of net and isotopic (using 86rb as tracer) potassium transport was measured in fed ferret red cells. bumetanide (0.1 mm) was used to dissect total flux into two components: bumetanide sensitive and bumetanide resistant. 2. increasing the external magnesium concentration from zero (added) to 2 mm stimulated bumetanide-sensitive uptake by 16% but inhibited the bumetanide-resistant component by about 20%. 3. ionophore a23187 was used to control internal magnesium concent ...	1988	3137332
eicosanoid production in isolated perfused lungs stimulated by calcium ionophore a23187.	the patterns of lung eicosanoid production were investigated in five different species by stimulating isolated lungs with calcium ionophore a23187 (10(-5) m). the species studied were the rat, ferret, hamster, guinea pig, and rabbit. the eicosanoids measured included the cyclooxygenase metabolites 6-keto-pgf1 alpha, txb2, and pge2 and the lipoxygenase metabolites ltc4, ltd4, and ltb4. since these metabolites are either retained in the lungs or released into the perfusate, eicosanoids were measur ...	1988	3144209
mucosal inhibition of cholinergic contractions in ferret trachea can be transferred between organ baths.	the influence of the mucosa on the contractile responses to cholinergic nerve stimulation in an in vitro nerve muscle preparation of ferret trachea was studied. repeated contractions were induced by alternating direct vagal nerve stimulation (dns) and electrical field stimulation (efs). with intact mucosa there was a marked successive decrease of the contractile responses. during 60 minutes the responses decreased to 46 +/- 8% of baseline (mean +/- sem, n = 6), compared to 86 +/- 2% in preparati ...	1988	3147197
calcium concentration in the myoplasm of skinned ferret ventricular muscle following changes in muscle length.	1. ferret ventricular muscles were skinned by prolonged application of triton x-100. aequorin was allowed to diffuse into the myoplasmic space and the resulting light emission was used to monitor the myoplasmic [ca2+]. the muscle was then activated with a lightly buffered ca2+ solution and the changes in myoplasmic [ca2+] and tension in response to length changes were investigated. 2. a sudden reduction in muscle length led to a rapid increase in myoplasmic [ca2+] to a new level which was mainta ...	1988	3151492
influenza infection causes airway hyperresponsiveness by decreasing enkephalinase.	ferret tracheal segments were infected with human influenza virus a/taiwan/86 (h1n1) in vitro. after 4 days, the smooth muscle contractile responses to acetylcholine and to substance p were measured. the response to substance p was markedly accentuated, with a threefold increase in force of contraction at a substance p concentration of 10(-5) m, the highest concentration tested. in contrast, the response to acetylcholine was not affected by viral infection. histological examination of tissues re ...	1988	3042736
action of a novel drug (zy 16039) on mucus secretion in the ferret isolated trachea in vitro.	1. the effect of 4-h-2-carboxamido-4-phenyl-thieno-[3,2c]-[1]-benzopyran (zy 16039) was examined on the smooth muscle contraction, mucus secretion and albumin transudation in the ferret whole trachea in vitro. 2. zy 16039 (0.1-20 microm) produced a concentration-dependent relaxation of the ferret trachea contracted by methacholine (1 microm) and phenylephrine (10 microm). the relaxations were about 20% of the full contractions. 3. zy 16039 has no effect on the resting (zero) output of mucus in t ...	1988	3044031
pruritus in rabbits, rodents, and ferrets.	this article attempts to cover the more specific pruritic problems encountered in rabbits, rodents, and ferrets. there are certainly other causes of pruritus in these animals. dermatophytes in guinea pigs are not reported to be pruritic, but because they are pruritic in other species, they should be considered in a differential diagnosis. a cryptococcal dermatitis in a guinea pig that was pruritic has been reported. although mites were not seen on scraping, the animal was treated for sarcoptid m ...	1988	3055647
organization of primary visual cortex (area 17) in the ferret.	anatomical and electrophysiological mapping techniques were used to determine topographic organization and arrangement of ocular dominance columns in the primary visual cortex of ferrets. from its border with area 18 on the posterior lateral gyrus, area 17 extends around the caudal pole of the hemisphere and over the splenial gyrus to the caudal bank of the splenial sulcus. the visuotopic map is oriented with the isoazimuth lines approximately parallel to the long axis of the posterior lateral g ...	1988	3068264
vasodilator response to dopamine in the ferret pulmonary circulation.	1. the isolated perfused lung of the ferret was used to study the effects of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists. under constant flow, a fall in pulmonary artery pressure reflects a vasodilator response. since tone is normally low, agonists were given during hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction to enable detection of dilator responses. 2. vasodilator responses were produced by bolus doses of dopamine over the range 0.1 to 5.0 micrograms kg-1, and by the selective da1 agonist sk&f 38393 (1-p ...	1988	2900036
reserpine, para-chlorophenylalanine and fenfluramine antagonise cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret.	the involvement of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) with cisplatin-induced emesis in the ferret was investigated using reserpine, para-chlorophenylalanine and fenfluramine. pretreatment with reserpine (5 mg/kg, 24 hr), fenfluramine (5 mg/kg, 4 days) or para-chlorophenylalanine (100 or 400 mg/kg, 4 days) antagonised cisplatin-induced emesis. all treatments reduced the levels of 5-ht in the area postrema and at other cerebral sites, but whilst this action was relatively selective for small doses of para ...	1988	2905784
identification of 5-ht3 recognition sites in the ferret area postrema.	the 5-ht3 receptor antagonist [3h]zacopride was used to identify 5-ht3 recognition sites in the ferret area postrema. specific binding was determined by the inclusion of the 5-ht3 receptor antagonist brl 43694 in the incubation media, and was shown to be much higher in the area postrema than in other brain regions. the increased binding in the area postrema may reflect either a greater number of binding sites, a higher affinity for such sites, or both. the results indicate that 5-ht3 recognition ...	1988	2907019
continuous monitoring of the movements of erupting and newly erupted teeth of limited growth (ferret mandibular canines) and their responses to hexamethonium.	the rates of these eruption-like movements were high and were consistent with reports that eruption is fastest at the time of emergence into the mouth. once the tooth had attained its initial functional position, there was a significant reduction in the rates. following administration of the hypotensive agent, hexamethonium, the emerging tooth showed a significant decrease in eruption rates. however, no change was observed for the tooth which had attained its initial functional position. these f ...	1988	2908265
gastric colonization by campylobacter pylori subsp. mustelae in ferrets.	campylobacter pylori subsp. mustelae was cultured from both normal and inflamed gastric mucosa of ferrets. examination of neonatal, juvenile, and adult ferrets established that the gastric mucosa in the majority of preweanling (age, less than 6 weeks) ferrets sampled were not colonized with c. pylori subsp. mustelae, whereas the gastric mucosa of 100% of adult ferrets were colonized with this gastric organism. c. pylori subsp. mustelae was isolated from the gastric mucosa on a sequential basis f ...	1988	3169994
hearing in the ferret (mustela putorius): effects of primary auditory cortical lesions on thresholds for pure tone detection.	1. pure tone thresholds were determined for five adult male ferrets before and after bilateral ablation of primary auditory cortex. complete audiograms ranging from 0.016 to 48 khz were obtained for two animals. the remaining three animals were tested at five frequencies selected to assess hearing throughout the audible range (0.125, 0.5, 2.0, 8.0, and 32.0 khz). 2. shortly after surgery one animal had elevated thresholds across the entire frequency range with the most pronounced hearing loss ab ...	1988	3171665
comparative effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane at equipotent anesthetic concentrations on isolated ventricular myocardium of the ferret. i. contractility.	the effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on myocardial contractility were compared in papillary muscles of the right ventricle of adult male ferrets at 30 degrees c. isotonic and isometric variables of contractility were measured before, during, and after exposure to incremental concentrations of halothane (n = 9 muscles), enflurane (n = 9 muscles), and isoflurane (n = 9 muscles), in steps of 0.25 mac up to 1.5 mac of halothane and of enflurane, and up to 2.0 mac of isoflurane. each o ...	1988	3177907
comparative effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane at equipotent anesthetic concentrations on isolated ventricular myocardium of the ferret. ii. relaxation.	the effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on myocardial relaxation were compared in papillary muscles of the right ventricle of adult male ferrets at 30 degrees c. the sensitivity of cardiac relaxation to the loading conditions was determined by examining the time course of relaxation before, during, and after exposure to incremental concentrations of halothane (n = 9 muscles), enflurane (n = 9 muscles), and isoflurane (n = 9 muscles) in steps of 0.25 mac up to 1.5 mac of halothane and ...	1988	3177908
the characterization and pathological significance of gastric campylobacter-like organisms in the ferret: a model for chronic gastritis?	gastric campylobacter-like organisms (clo) were isolated from gastric tissues removed at sacrifice from 17 mature ferrets; all animals were colonized, but no macroscopic mucosal lesions or histological features of chronic gastritis were seen. the isolates resembled campylobacter pylori in many cultural and biochemical characteristics, and produced substantial urease activity, but there were sufficient differences from c. pylori to suggest that ferret gastric clo represents a separate species. co ...	1988	3181311
antibody titers in domestic ferret jills and their kits to canine distemper virus vaccine.	antibody titers were measured in domestic or european ferret (mustela putorius furo) jills vaccinated with modified-live canine distemper virus (cdv) vaccine and in their kits. the half-life of maternal antibody to cdv in ferrets was 9.43 days. ferret kits should be vaccinated against cdv at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age.	1988	3182383
serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine radioimmunoassay values in the normal ferret.	the european ferret, mustela putorius furo, has become increasingly popular as an animal model in biomedical research. however, certain important normal clinical data have not been established for the ferret. in this study, serum thyroxine (t4) and 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (t3) values were obtained from ferrets by the use of commercial radioimmunoassays. sera from 44 animals, 31 males (27 intact and 4 castrated) and 13 females (10 intact and 3 spayed) were assayed. serum t4 values ranged from 1.0 ...	1988	3184856
estimation of the upper limit of the free magnesium concentration measured with mg-sensitive microelectrodes in ferret ventricular muscle: (1) use of the nicolsky-eisenman equation and (2) in calibrating solutions of the appropriate concentration.	determination of intracellular free magnesium [( mg]i) with ion-selective mg microelectrodes filled with the neutral carrier eth 1117 is critically dependent on the values taken for k and na in the calibrating solutions, for intracellularly the mg microelectrodes also respond to these ions. this study was designed to test the influence of k and na on the measured [mg]i in ferret ventricular muscle. to estimate the effect of these ions, two methods were used: calculation based on the nicolsky-eis ...	1988	3185015
coma in a ferret after ingestion of cannabis.		1988	3188373
controlled cortical impact: a new experimental brain injury model.	a new experimental model of mechanical brain injury was produced in the laboratory ferret (mustela putorius furo) using a stroke-constrained pneumatic impactor. cortical impacts were made on vertex to the intact dura mater overlying the cerebral cortex with contact velocities ranging from 2.0 to 4.0 m/sec and with deformations of 2.0 to 5.0 mm. the dwell time of the impact and the stability of the skull during impact were verified with high speed (1000 to 3000 frames/sec) cineradiography. system ...	1988	3193461
ca2+ transient, mg2+, and ph measurements in the cardiac cycle by 19f nmr.	19f nmr indicators have been used to measure the free cytosolic cation concentrations ([mn+]i, where m is the atomic symbol and n is the value of the charge) of ca2+, h+, and mg2+ in perfused ferret hearts. the [ca2+]i transient, cytosolic ph (phi), and [mg2+]i have also been followed at 16 phases in the cardiac cycle in hearts paced at 1.25 hz at 30 degrees c. the initial [ca2+]i rose rapidly after a 50-ms delay, was maximal at greater than 1.5 microm after 150 ms, and declined thereafter to th ...	1988	3194404
modulation by the thyroid state of intracellular calcium and contractility in ferret ventricular muscle.	the purpose of this study was to determine whether the cardiac contractile abnormalities induced by hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism are caused by changes in intracellular ca2+ handling or by alterations in the distribution of isoenzymes of ventricular myosin. right ventricular papillary muscles obtained from euthyroid ferrets and ferrets treated with l-thyroxine (hyperthyroid) or methimazole (hypothyroid) were loaded with the calcium indicator aequorin for recording intracellular ca2+ levels d ...	1988	3197273
development, organization, and function of tight junctional complexes in the tracheal epithelium of infant ferrets.	the surface epithelium of newborn ferret airways matures rapidly in the first month of life. prominent developmental features include a transition from predominantly non-ciliated to ciliated cells, quantitative and qualitative changes in secretion of macromolecules, and a transition from secretory to absorptive patterns of ion transport. freeze-fracture replicas of ferret tracheal epithelium from 0 to 28 days of age exhibited progressive developmental patterns in tight junctional structure from ...	1988	3202419
dissociation of changes in apparent myofibrillar ca2+ sensitivity and twitch relaxation induced by adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation in isolated ferret cardiac muscle.	in isolated, aequorin-injected ferret cardiac muscle we measured the apparent myofilament ca2+ sensitivity and its relationship to twitch relaxation time in the presence of autonomic perturbations. the ca2+-tension relation was determined from the peak aequorin luminescence and peak twitch tension measured in muscles across a broad range of bathing [ca2+] in the presence and absence of acetylcholine (ach) (1 microm) or isoproterenol (isn) (1 microm), or both drugs. ach shifted the relationship o ...	1988	3204364
erythrocyte adducin. comparison of the alpha- and beta-subunits and multiple-site phosphorylation by protein kinase c and camp-dependent protein kinase.	two major substrates for human erythrocyte protein kinase c (pk-c) of mr 120,000 and 110,000, previously named pkc-1 and pkc-2 [palfrey, h. c. & waseem, a. (1985) j. biol. chem. 260, 16021-16029] have been found to be identical to cam-bp 103/97 or 'adducin', recently described by k. gardner and v. bennett [(1986) j. biol. chem. 261, 1339-1348; (1987) nature (lond.) 328, 359-362]. these proteins have been purified from the membrane skeleton by high-salt extraction, ion-exchange and gel filtration ...	1988	3208770
the anesthetized ferret, an in vivo model for evaluating inotropic activity: effects of milrinone and anagrelide.	the anesthetized ferret model is introduced as an in vivo acute model for evaluating inotropic effects of new cardiovascular compounds. the effects of anagrelide and milrinone were compared to vehicle. validation was accomplished using intravenous isoproterenol, which elicited a dose-dependent inotropic response. this suggests that the anesthetized ferret model is both reproducible and dependable. additionally, in vivo inotropic activity can be assessed on small amounts of compound in a relative ...	1988	3210682
fine structural changes in the developing gastric gland cells in the ferret during the postnatal period.	the development of the gastric gland cells in the ferret was studied with particular reference to maturation during the postnatal period. in the newborn, the glands consist of immature parietal cells with numerous mitochondria, and shallow rudimentary intracellular canaliculus with numerous microvilli, and undifferentiated cells. at one week old, mucous neck cells are present containing scattered mucin granules and the parietal cells contain tubulovesicular components. at two weeks old chief cel ...	1988	3212277
transmission of measles virus encephalitis to ferrets by intracardiac inoculation of a cell-associated sspe virus strain.	ferret fibroblasts infected with a cell-associated strain of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus were inoculated into the hearts of ferrets in order to study whether the virus can spread from the blood to the brain in this animal model. five of 21 inoculated ferrets developed encephalitis 5-7 days later and were sacrificed. sick animals showed inflammatory lesions in the brain, both perivascular cuffings and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the choroid plexus and meninges. virus was i ...	1988	3214585
the effects of repeated exposure to anoxia on intracellular calcium, glycogen and lactate in isolated ferret heart muscle.	isolated cardiac tissue from the ferret was repeatedly exposed to anoxia while perfused with glucose-containing tyrode solution. in one series of experiments, papillary muscles were injected with aequorin to measure intracellular ca2+. on the first exposure to anoxia, the ca2+ transients often increased, but on subsequent exposures this increase disappeared and eventually the ca2+ transients declined on exposure to anoxia. this decline in the ca2+ transients could be converted back to an increas ...	1988	3217230