Publications

plant resistance to aphid feeding: behavioral, physiological, genetic and molecular cues regulate aphid host selection and feeding.	aphids damage major world food and fiber crops through direct feeding and transmission of plant viruses. fortunately, the development of many aphid-resistant crop plants has provided both ecological and economic benefits to food production. plant characters governing aphid host selection often dictate eventual plant resistance or susceptibility to aphid herbivory, and these phenotypic characters have been successfully used to map aphid resistance genes. aphid resistance is often inherited as a d ...	2014	24282145
the transcriptome of nacobbus aberrans reveals insights into the evolution of sedentary endoparasitism in plant-parasitic nematodes.	within the phylum nematoda, plant-parasitism is hypothesized to have arisen independently on at least four occasions. the most economically damaging plant-parasitic nematode species, and consequently the most widely studied, are those that feed as they migrate destructively through host roots causing necrotic lesions (migratory endoparasites) and those that modify host root tissue to create a nutrient sink from which they feed (sedentary endoparasites). the false root-knot nematode nacobbus aber ...	2014	25123114
parasitic success without sex – the nematode experience.	asexual reproduction is usually considered as an evolutionary dead end, and difficulties for asexual lineages to adapt to a fluctuating environment are anticipated due to the lack of sufficient genetic plasticity. yet, unlike their sexual congeners, mitotic parthenogenetic root-knot nematode species, meloidogyne spp., are remarkably widespread and polyphagous, with the ability to parasitize most flowering plants. although this may reflect in part the short-term stability of agricultural environm ...	2014	25105196
members of the meloidogyne avirulence protein family contain multiple plant ligand-like motifs.	sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes engage in complex interactions with their host plants by secreting effector proteins. some effectors of both root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) and cyst nematodes (heterodera and globodera spp.) mimic plant ligand proteins. most prominently, cyst nematodes secrete effectors that mimic plant clavata3/esr-related (cle) ligand proteins. however, only cyst nematodes have been shown to secrete such effectors and to utilize cle ligand mimicry in their interactio ...	2014	25014776
a simple and efficient synthesis of fused morpholine pyrrolidines/piperdines with potential insecticidal activities.	a simple and efficient synthesis of fused morpholine pyrrolidine/piperdine core structures was accomplished via a petasis-borono mannich reaction of cyclic amino alcohols, glyoxal and arylboronic acids with moderate to good yields. the bioassay data showed that the synthesized compounds displayed selective insecticidal activities against armyworm and root-knot nematode.	2014	24927942
plant-parasitic nematode infections in rice: molecular and cellular insights.	being one of the major staple foods in the world, and an interesting model monocot plant, rice (oryza sativa l.) has recently received attention from molecular nematologists studying the cellular and molecular aspects of the interaction between this crop and plant-parasitic nematodes. in this review, we highlight recent advances in this field, with a focus on the best-studied root-knot nematodes. histological studies have revealed the cellular changes inside root-knot nematode-induced feeding si ...	2014	24906129
a role for lateral organ boundaries-domain 16 during the interaction arabidopsis-meloidogyne spp. provides a molecular link between lateral root and root-knot nematode feeding site development.	plant endoparasitic nematodes induce the formation of their feeding cells by injecting effectors from the esophageal glands into root cells. although vascular cylinder cells seem to be involved in the formation of root-knot nematode (rkn) feeding structures, molecular evidence is scarce. we address the role during gall development of lateral organ boundaries-domain 16 (lbd16), a key component of the auxin pathway leading to the divisions in the xylem pole pericycle (xpp) for lateral root (lr) fo ...	2014	24803293
re-evaluation of the inheritance for root-knot nematode resistance in the upland cotton germplasm line m-120 rnr revealed two epistatic qtls conferring resistance.	we report a second major qtl for root-knot nematode resistance in the highly resistant upland cotton line m-120rnr and show epistasis between two resistant qtls with different mechanisms conferring resistance. in an earlier study, we identified a major qtl on chromosome 11 associated with resistance to root-knot nematode in the m-120 rnr upland cotton line (gossypium hirsutum l.) of the auburn 623 rnr source. herein, we re-evaluated the genetics of the resistance to root-knot nematode in the m-1 ...	2014	24728014
responses of tomato genotypes to avirulent and mi-virulent meloidogyne javanica isolates occurring in israel.	the behavior of naturally virulent meloidogyne isolates toward the tomato resistance gene mi in major tomato-growing areas in israel was studied for the first time. virulence of seven selected isolates was confirmed over three successive generations on resistant (mi-carrying) and susceptible (non-mi-carrying) tomato cultivars. diagnostic markers verified the predominance of meloidogyne javanica among virulent isolates selected on resistant tomato cultivars or rootstocks. to better understand the ...	2014	24724816
robust in vitro assay system for quantitative analysis of parasitic root-knot nematode infestation using lotus japonicus.	root-knot nematodes are sedentary endoparasites that induce permanent infestation sites inside the roots of a broad range of crop plants. the development of effective control strategies require understanding the root-knot nematode parasitic process, however, the key molecular determinants for host manipulation during infestation remain elusive. one limiting factor has been the lack of a standardized conventional method for quantitative measurement of host parasitism by root-knot nematodes, parti ...	2014	24704340
nematicidal activity of microbial pigment from serratia marcescens.	ineffectiveness of available nematicides and the high damage caused by plant-parasitic nematodes result in the urgent need to find some natural remedy for their control. bioactivity of the pigment extracted from serratia marcescens was screened for controlling nematodes at their juvenile stage. test pigment was found effective against juvenile stages of radopholus similis and meloidogyne javanica at low concentrations (lc50 values, 83 and 79 μg/ml, respectively) as compared with positive control ...	2014	24697144
nematicidal effects of silver nanoparticles on root-knot nematode in bermudagrass.	certain nematodes are common soilborne organisms found in turfgrass in the united states that cause significant economic damage to golf course turf. one of the most prevalent plant-parasitic nematodes infesting turfgrass are root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). chemical treatment options for root-knot nematodes in turfgrass are limited, and there is a need for new nematicidal active ingredients to address this problem. in this study, we evaluated the use of silver nanoparticles (agnp) as a po ...	2014	25275999
nematicidal activity of furanocoumarins from parsley against meloidogyne spp.	this report describes activity against meloidogyne spp. and chemical characterisation of the essential oil and methanol extract of petroselinum crispum aerial parts. the study was based on the hypothesis that p. crispum could be used as an intercrop and soil amendment in tomato culture for nematode control.	2015	25157855
molecular identification and functional characterization of the fatty acid- and retinoid-binding protein gene rs-far-1 in the burrowing nematode radopholus similis (tylenchida: pratylenchidae).	fatty acid- and retinoid-binding protein (far) is a nematode-specific protein expressed in the nematode hypodermis. it is involved in nematode development, reproduction, and infection and can disrupt the plant defense reaction. in this study, we obtained the full-length sequence of the far gene from radopholus similis (rs-far-1), which is 828 bp long and includes a 558 bp orf encoding 186 amino acids. a protein homology analysis revealed that rs-far-1 is 75% similar to mj-far-1 from meloidogyne ...	2015	25734501
draft genome sequence of stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain b418, a promising agent for biocontrol of plant pathogens and root-knot nematode.	stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain b418 was isolated from a barley rhizosphere in china. this bacterium exhibits broad-spectrum inhibitory activities against plant pathogens and root-knot nematode along with growth-promoting effects. here, we present the draft genome sequence of s. maltophilia b418.	2015	25700397
phenotyping nematode feeding sites: three-dimensional reconstruction and volumetric measurements of giant cells induced by root-knot nematodes in arabidopsis.	the control of plant parasitic nematodes is an increasing problem. a key process during the infection is the induction of specialized nourishing cells, called giant cells (gcs), in roots. understanding the function of genes required for gc development is crucial to identify targets for new control strategies. we propose a standardized method for gc phenotyping in different plant genotypes, like those with modified genes essential for gc development. the method combines images obtained by bright- ...	2015	25613856
instrumental and sensory analyses of quality attributes of grafted specialty melons.	soilborne disease management remains a great challenge in melon production with the phaseout of soil fumigant methyl bromide. grafting has been shown to be an effective approach to control soilborne diseases. however, previous research has yielded mixed results regarding the impacts of rootstock on fruit quality. very few studies have assessed melon quality attributes using both sensory evaluation and instrumental methods.	2015	25512001
disruption of prefoldin-2 protein synthesis in root-knot nematodes via host-mediated gene silencing efficiently reduces nematode numbers and thus protects plants.	the aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of down-regulating endogeneous prefoldin-2 root-knot nematode transcripts by expressing dsrna with sequence identity to the nematode gene in tobacco roots under the influence of strong arabidopsis ubiquitin (ubq1) promoter. root-knot nematodes (rkns) are sedentary endoparasites infecting a wide range of plant species. they parasitise the root system, thereby disrupting water and nutrient uptake and causing major reductions in crop yields. t ...	2015	25491640
sclareol induces plant resistance to root-knot nematode partially through ethylene-dependent enhancement of lignin accumulation.	the root-knot nematode (rkn) is one of the most devastating parasitic nematodes of plants. although some secondary metabolites released by the host plant play roles as defense substances against parasitic nematodes, the mechanism underlying the induction of such defense responses is not fully understood. we found that sclareol, a natural diterpene known as an antimicrobial and defense-related molecule, inhibited rkn penetration of tomato and arabidopsis roots. sclareol induced genes related to e ...	2015	25423264
selective nematocidal effects of essential oils from two cultivated artemisia absinthium populations.	essential oils (eos) obtained from two crops and populations of thujone-free cultivated artemisia absinthium were tested against two nematode models, the mammalian parasite trichinella spiralis, and the plant parasitic root knot nematode meloidogyne javanica. the eos were characterized by the presence of (z)-epoxyocimene and chrysanthenol as major components and showed time and population dependent quantitative and qualitative variations in composition. the eos showed a strong ex vivo activity a ...	2015	26444350
transcription of biotic stress associated genes in white clover (trifolium repens l.) differs in response to cyst and root-knot nematode infection.	the transcription of four members of the kunitz proteinase inhibitor (kpi) gene family of white clover (trifolium repens l.), designated as tr-kpi1, tr-kpi2, tr-kpi4 and tr-kpi5, was investigated at both local infection (roots) and systemic (leaf tissue) sites in white clover in response to infection with the clover root knot nematode (crkn) meloidogyne trifoliophila and the clover cyst nematode (ccn) heterodera trifolii. invasion by the crkn resulted in a significant decrease in transcript abun ...	2015	26393362
molecular characterisation and diagnosis of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) from turfgrasses in north carolina, usa.	root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) are the most common and destructive plant-parasitic nematode group worldwide and adversely influence both crop quality and yield. in this study, a total of 51 root-knot nematode populations from turfgrasses were tested, of which 44 were from north carolina, 6 from south carolina and 1 from virginia. molecular characterisation was performed on these samples by dna sequencing on the ribosomal dna 18s, its and 28s d2/d3. species-specific primers were developed ...	2015	26599462
conversion of food waste into biofertilizer for the biocontrol of root knot nematode by paecilomyces lilacinus.	the feasibility of converting food waste into nematocidal biofertilizer by nematophagous fungus paecilomyces lilacinus (p. lilacinus) was investigated. the culture conditions of p. lilacinus were optimized through response surface methodology. results showed that fermentation time, the amount of food waste, initial ph and temperature were most important factors for p. lilacinus production. the p. lilacinus production under optimized conditions was 10(9.6 ± 0.3) conidia ml⁻¹. after fermentation, ...	2015	26075798
isolation and characterization of multifunctional streptomyces species with antimicrobial, nematicidal and phytohormone activities from marine environments in egypt.	different strategies have been employed for selective isolation of streptomycetes from 20 marine samples varied in their biological nature. the recovery of streptomycetes isolates (112) was influenced preferentially by different strategies; sediment samples were the best source of potential candidate streptomycetes. all isolates exhibited antimicrobial activities with variable spectrum; the most promising isolates (31) were phenotypically characterized and identified as streptomyces sp.; these i ...	2015	25805507
pyramiding taro cystatin and fungal chitinase genes driven by a synthetic promoter enhances resistance in tomato to root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.	meloidogyne incognita, one of the major root-knot nematode (rkn) species in agriculture, attacks many plant species, causing severe economic losses. genetic engineering of plants with defense-responsive genes has been demonstrated to control rkn. these studies, however, focused on controlling rkn at certain growth stages. in the present study, a dual gene overexpression system, utilizing a plant cysteine proteinase inhibitor (cecpi) and a fungal chitinase (pjchi-1), was used to transform tomato ...	2015	25575993
metagenomic insights into communities, functions of endophytes, and their associates with infection by root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita, in tomato roots.	endophytes are known to play important roles in plant's health and productivity. in this study, we investigated the root microbiome of tomato in association with infection by root knot nematodes. our objectives were to observe the effects and response of the bacterial endophytes before nematode attacks and to reveal the functional attributes of microbes in plant health and nematode pathogenesis. community analysis of root-associated microbiomes in healthy and nematode-infected tomatoes indicated ...	2015	26603211
in vitro nematicidal activity of aryl hydrazones and comparative gc-ms metabolomics analysis.	a series of aryl hydrazones were synthesized and in vitro assayed for their activity on the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. the phenylhydrazones of thiophene-2-carboxyaldehyde 5, 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxyaldehyde, 6, and salicylaldehyde, 2, were the most potent with ec50/48h values of 16.6 ± 2.2, 23.2 ± 2.7, and 24.3 ± 1.4 mg/l, respectively. a gc-ms metabolomics analysis, after in vitro nematode treatment with hydrazone 6 at 100 mg/l for 12 h, revealed elevated levels of fatty acids ...	2015	26528945
nematicidal triterpenoids from lantana camara.	a new triterpene, lancamarolide (1), and seven known triterpenes, oleanonic acid (2), lantadene a (3), 11α-hydroxy-3-oxours-12-en-28-oic acid (4), betulinic acid (5), lantadene b (6), and lantaninilic acid (7) were isolated from the aerial parts of lantana camara in the course of bioassay-guided isolation, and their nematicidal activities against meloidogyne incognita, the root knot nematode, were carried out. oleanonic acid was found to be the most active compound and exhibited 80% mortality af ...	2015	26363887
management of root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita) in bottle gourd using different botanicals in pots.	a pot experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of different botanicals in varying doses for management of root-knot nematode, m. incognita in bottle gourd. the results exhibited that madar (calotropis procera) and neem (azadirachta indica) leaves application proved to be more effective in improving plant growth characters and reducing root-knot index and final nematode population. among the doses tested, higher dose of 1.5 % (w/w) was more effective than lower ones.	2015	26345048
mi-1-mediated nematode resistance in tomatoes is broken by short-term heat stress but recovers over time.	tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.) is among the most valuable agricultural products, but meloidogyne spp. (root-knot nematode) infestations result in serious crop losses. in tomato, resistance to root-knot nematodes is controlled by the gene mi-1, but heat stress interferes with mi-1-associated resistance. inconsistent results in published field and greenhouse experiments led us to test the effect of short-term midday heat stress on tomato susceptibility to meloidogyne incognita race 1. under cont ...	2015	26170475
yellow pigment aurovertins mediate interactions between the pathogenic fungus pochonia chlamydosporia and its nematode host.	nematophagous fungi are globally distributed soil fungi and well-known natural predators of soil-dwelling nematodes. pochonia chlamydosporia can be found in diverse nematode-suppressive soils as a parasite of nematode eggs and is one of the most studied potential biological control agents of nematodes. however, little is known about the functions of small molecules in the process of infection of nematodes by this parasitic fungus or about small-molecule-mediated interactions between the pathogen ...	2015	26151481
synthesis and nematicidal activities of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one derivatives against meloidogyne incognita.	a series of novel 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 3-bromoalkyl-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-ones with potassium salt of 2-cyanoimino-4-oxothiazolidine in the presence of potassium iodide. nematicidal assays in vivo showed that some of them exhibited good control efficacy against the cucumber root-knot nematode disease caused by meloidogyne incognita, up to 100% at the concentration of 10.0 mg l(-1), which indicated that 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one derivatives might ...	2015	26145729
nematicidal activity of the volatilome of eruca sativa on meloidogyne incognita.	research on new pesticides based on plant extracts, aimed at the development of nontoxic formulates, has recently gained increased interest. this study investigated the use of the volatilome of rucola (eruca sativa) as a powerful natural nematicidal agent against the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita. analysis of the composition of the volatilome, using gc-ms-spme, showed that the compound (z)-3-hexenyl acetate was the most abundant, followed by (z)-3-hexen-1-ol and erucin, with relative ...	2015	26082278
proteome of soybean seed exudates contains plant defense-related proteins active against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.	several studies have described the effects of seed exudates against microorganisms, but only few of them have investigated the proteins that have defensive activity particularly against nematode parasites. this study focused on the proteins released in the exudates of soybean seeds and evaluated their nematicidal properties against meloidogyne incognita. a proteomic approach indicated the existence of 63 exuded proteins, including β-1,3-glucanase, chitinase, lectin, trypsin inhibitor, and lipoxy ...	2015	26034922
knock-down of heat-shock protein 90 and isocitrate lyase gene expression reduced root-knot nematode reproduction.	crop losses caused by nematode infections are estimated to be valued at usd 157 billion per year. meloidogyne incognita, a root-knot nematode (rkn), is considered to be one of the most important plant pathogens due to its worldwide distribution and the austere damage it can cause to a large variety of agronomically important crops. rna interference (rnai), a gene silencing process, has proven to be a valuable biotechnology alternative method for rkn control. in this study, the rnai approach was ...	2015	26020830
tomato transgenic plants expressing hairpin construct of a nematode protease gene conferred enhanced resistance to root-knot nematodes.	root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne incognita) cause substantial yield losses in vegetables worldwide, and are difficult to manage. continuous withdrawal of environmentally-harmful nematicides from the global market warrants the need for novel nematode management strategies. utility of host-delivered rnai has been demonstrated in several plants (arabidopsis, tobacco, and soybean) that exhibited resistance against root-knot and cyst nematodes. herein, a m. incognita-specific protease gene, cathepsin ...	2015	25883594
transcriptome analysis of resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars infected with root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.	nematodes are one of the major limiting factors in alfalfa production. root-knot nematodes (rkn, meloidogyne spp.) are widely distributed and economically important sedentary endoparasites of agricultural crops and they may inflict significant damage to alfalfa fields. as of today, no studies have been published on global gene expression profiling in alfalfa infected with rkn or any other plant parasitic nematode. very little information is available about molecular mechanisms that contribute to ...	2015	25822722
associated bacteria of different life stages of meloidogyne incognita using pyrosequencing-based analysis.	the root knot nematode (rkn), meloidogyne incognita, belongs to the most damaging plant pathogens worldwide, and is able to infect almost all cultivated plants, like tomato. recent research supports the hypothesis that bacteria often associated with plant-parasitic nematodes, function as nematode parasites, symbionts, or commensal organisms etc. in this study, we explored the bacterial consortia associated with m. incognita at different developmental stages, including egg mass, adult female and ...	2015	25809195
cowpea-meloidogyne incognita interaction: root proteomic analysis during early stages of nematode infection.	cowpea (vigna unguiculata l. walp) is an important legume species well adapted to low fertility soils and prolonged drought periods. one of the main problems that cause severe yield losses in cowpea is the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. the aim of this work was to analyze the differential expression of proteins in the contrasting cultivars of cowpea ce 31 (highly resistant) and ce 109 (slightly resistant) during early stages of m. incognita infection. cowpea roots were collected at 3, ...	2015	25736976
transcriptome analysis of resistant and susceptible alfalfa cultivars infected with root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.	nematodes are one of the major limiting factors in alfalfa production. root-knot nematodes (rkn, meloidogyne spp.) are widely distributed and economically important sedentary endoparasites of agricultural crops and they may inflict significant damage to alfalfa fields. as of today, no studies have been published on global gene expression profiling in alfalfa infected with rkn or any other plant parasitic nematode. very little information is available about molecular mechanisms that contribute to ...	2015	25710378
maturation of nematode-induced galls in medicago truncatula is related to water status and primary metabolism modifications.	root-knot nematodes are obligatory plant parasitic worms that establish and maintain an intimate relationship with their host plants. during a compatible interaction, these nematodes induce the redifferentiation of root cells into multinucleate and hypertrophied giant cells (gcs). these metabolically active feeding cells constitute the exclusive source of nutrients for the nematode. we analyzed the modifications of water status, ionic content and accumulation of metabolites in development and ma ...	2015	25617326
resistance of upland-rice lines to root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita.	despite the benefits of crop rotation, occurrence of nematodes is a common problem for almost all crops within the cerrado biome, especially for rice. the use of resistant cultivars is one of the main methods for control of nematodes. thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the reaction of 36 upland-rice lines, with desirable agronomic characteristics, according to their resistance to root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne incognita). the experimental design was entirely randomized with four replica ...	2015	26782379
development and validation of lna-based quantitative real-time pcr assays for detection and identification of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne enterolobii in complex dna backgrounds.	meloidogyne enterolobii is a quarantine root-knot nematode posing a major threat to agricultural production systems worldwide. it attacks many host plants, including important agricultural crops, ornamentals, and trees. m. enterolobii is a highly virulent and pathogenic root-knot nematode species, able to reproduce on plants resistant to other meloidogyne spp. significant crop damage has been reported in asia, south america, africa, the united states, france, and greenhouses in switzerland. to i ...	2015	25775103
biochar-amended potting medium reduces the susceptibility of rice to root-knot nematode infections.	biochar is a solid coproduct of biomass pyrolysis, and soil amended with biochar has been shown to enhance the productivity of various crops and induce systemic plant resistance to fungal pathogens. the aim of this study was to explore the ability of wood biochar to induce resistance to the root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne graminicola in rice (oryza sativa cv. nipponbare) and examine its histochemical and molecular impact on plant defense mechanisms.	2015	26537003
intraspecific variability of the facultative meiotic parthenogenetic root-knot nematode (meloidogyne graminicola) from rice fields in vietnam.	twenty years ago, the facultative meiotic parthenogenetic root-knot nematode (rkn), meloidogyne graminicola, was recognised as an important rice pathogen in south vietnam. although this country is one of the most important rice exporters worldwide, a comprehensive picture of the occurrence of m. graminicola in vietnamese rice fields is still not available. therefore a nematode survey was carried out with the aim of better understanding the geographical distribution, and the pathogenic and geneti ...	2015	26026576
the role of thionins in rice defence against root pathogens.	thionins are antimicrobial peptides that are involved in plant defence. here, we present an in-depth analysis of the role of rice thionin genes in defence responses against two root pathogens: the root-knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola and the oomycete pythium graminicola. the expression of rice thionin genes was observed to be differentially regulated by defence-related hormones, whereas all analysed genes were consistently down-regulated in m. graminicola-induced galls, at least until 7 da ...	2015	25676661
β-aminobutyric acid-induced resistance against root-knot nematodes in rice is based on increased basal defense.	the nonprotein amino acid β-aminobutyric acid (baba) is known to protect plants against various pathogens. the mode of action is relatively diverse and specific in different plant-pathogen systems. to extend the analysis of the mode of action of baba to plant-parasitic nematodes in monocot plants, we evaluated the effect of baba against the root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne graminicola in rice. baba treatment of rice plants inhibited nematode penetration and resulted in delayed nematode and g ...	2015	25608179
impact of grapevine (vitis vinifera) varieties on reproduction of the northern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne hapla).	one of the most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern washington vitis vinifera vineyards is meloidogyne hapla; however, limited research exists on the impact of this nematode on v. vinifera. the objectives of this research were to determine the impact of m. hapla on chardonnay and cabernet sauvignon vine establishment and to determine the host status of v. vinifera varieties/clones predominantly grown in washington to m. hapla. in a microplot experiment, chardonnay and caber ...	2015	26170476
first report of northern root-knot nematode, meloidogyne hapla, parasitic on oaks, quercus brantii and q. infectoria in iran.	root-knot nematodes (rkn) are the most serious plant parasitic nematodes having a broad host range exceeding 2,000 plant species. quercus brantii lindl. and q. infectoria oliv are the most important woody species of zagros forests in west of iran where favors sub-mediterranean climate. national botanical garden of iran (nbgi) is scheduled to be the basic center for research and education of botany in iran. this garden, located in west of tehran, was established in 1968 with an area of about 150 ...	2015	25861121
a meloidogyne incognita effector is imported into the nucleus and exhibits transcriptional activation activity in planta.	root-knot nematodes are sedentary biotrophic endoparasites that maintain a complex interaction with their host plants. nematode effector proteins are synthesized in the oesophageal glands of nematodes and secreted into plant tissue through a needle-like stylet. effectors characterized to date have been shown to mediate processes essential for nematode pathogenesis. to gain an insight into their site of action and putative function, the subcellular localization of 13 previously isolated meloidogy ...	2015	24863562
overexpression of mic-3 indicates a direct role for the mic gene family in mediating upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) resistance to root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita).	transgene-based analysis of the mic-3 gene provides the first report of a cotton gene having a direct role in mediating cotton resistance to root-knot nematode. major quantitative trait loci have been mapped to upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) chromosomes 11 and 14 that govern the highly resistant phenotype in response to infection by root-knot nematode (rkn; meloidogyne incognita); however, nearly nothing is known regarding the underlying molecular determinants of this rkn-resistant phenot ...	2015	25376794
sequence composition of bac clones and ssr markers mapped to upland cotton chromosomes 11 and 21 targeting resistance to soil-borne pathogens.	genetic and physical framework mapping in cotton (gossypium spp.) were used to discover putative gene sequences involved in resistance to common soil-borne pathogens. chromosome (chr) 11 and its homoeologous chr 21 of upland cotton (g. hirsutum) are foci for discovery of resistance (r) or pathogen-induced r (pr) genes underlying qtls involved in response to root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita), reniform nematode (rotylenchulus reniformis), fusarium wilt (fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectu ...	2015	26483808
the application of arabidopsis thaliana in studying tripartite interactions among plants, beneficial fungal endophytes and biotrophic plant-parasitic nematodes.	the research demonstrated that arabidopsis can be used as a model system for studying plant-nematode-endophyte tripartite interactions; thus, opening new possibilities for further characterizing the molecular mechanisms behind these interactions. arabidopsis has been established as an important model system for studying plant biology and plant-microbe interactions. we show that this plant can also be used for studying the tripartite interactions among plants, the root-knot nematode meloidogyne i ...	2015	25548000
genetic mapping of resistance to meloidogyne arenaria in arachis stenosperma: a new source of nematode resistance for peanut.	root-knot nematodes (rkn; meloidogyne sp.) are a major threat to crops in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. the use of resistant crop varieties is the preferred method of control because nematicides are expensive, and hazardous to humans and the environment. peanut (arachis hypogaea) is infected by four species of rkn, the most damaging being m. arenaria, and commercial cultivars rely on a single source of resistance. in this study, we genetically characterize rkn resistance of the wil ...	2015	26656152
pasteuria penetrans for control of meloidogyne incognita on tomato and cucumber, and m. arenaria on snapdragon.	meloidogyne incognita and meloidogyne arenaria are important parasitic nematodes of vegetable and ornamental crops. microplot and greenhouse experiments were conducted to test commercial formulations of the biocontrol agent pasteuria penetrans for control of m. incognita on tomato and cucumber and m. arenaria on snapdragon. three methods of application for p. penetrans were assessed including seed, transplant, and post-plant treatments. efficacy in controlling galling and reproduction of the two ...	2015	26527842
broad meloidogyne resistance in potato based on rna interference of effector gene 16d10.	root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) are a significant problem in potato (solanum tuberosum) production. there is no potato cultivar with meloidogyne resistance, even though resistance genes have been identified in wild potato species and were introgressed into breeding lines. the objectives of this study were to generate stable transgenic potato lines in a cv. russet burbank background that carry an rna interference (rnai) transgene capable of silencing the 16d10 meloidogyne effector gene, an ...	2015	25861119
mitochondrial genome plasticity among species of the nematode genus meloidogyne (nematoda: tylenchina).	the mitochondrial (mt) genomes of the plant-parasitic root-knot nematodes meloidogyne arenaria, meloidogyne enterolobii and meloidogyne javanica were sequenced and compared with those of three other root-knot nematode species in order to explore the mt genome plasticity within meloidogyne. the mt genomes of m. arenaria, m. enterolobii and m. javanica are circular, with an estimated size of 18.8, 18.9 and 19.6 kb, respectively. compared to other nematodes these mt genomes are larger, due to the p ...	2015	25655462
calcium is involved in the r mc1 (blb)-mediated hypersensitive response against meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato.	functional characterization of the columbia root-knot nematode resistance gene r mc1 ( blb ) in potato revealed the r gene-mediated resistance is dependent on a hypersensitive response and involves calcium. the resistance (r) gene r mc1(blb) confers resistance against the plant-parasitic nematode, meloidogyne chitwoodi. avirulent and virulent nematodes were used to functionally characterize the r mc1(blb)-mediated resistance mechanism in potato (solanum tuberosum). histological observations indi ...	2015	25315813
the nematicidal effect of camellia seed cake on root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica of banana.	suppression of root-knot nematodes is crucially important for maintaining the worldwide development of the banana industry. growing concerns about human and environmental safety have led to the withdrawal of commonly used nematicides and soil fumigants, thus motivating the development of alternative nematode management strategies. in this study, meloidogyne javanica was isolated, and the nematicidal effect of camellia seed cake on this pest was investigated. the results showed that in dish exper ...	2015	25849382
a novel nematode effector suppresses plant immunity by activating host reactive oxygen species-scavenging system.	evidence is emerging that plant-parasitic nematodes can secrete effectors to interfere with the host immune response, but it remains unknown how these effectors can conquer host immune responses. here, we depict a novel effector, mjttl5, that could suppress plant immune response. immunolocalization and transcriptional analyses showed that mjttl5 is expressed specifically within the subventral gland of meloidogyne javanica and up-regulated in the early parasitic stage of the nematode. transgenic ...	2015	26484653
identification of jasmonic acid-associated micrornas and characterization of the regulatory roles of the mir319/tcp4 module under root-knot nematode stress in tomato.	micrornas (mirnas) are important transcriptional and post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression that play crucial roles in the responses to diverse stresses. to explore jasmonic acid (ja)-dependent mirna-mediated regulatory networks that are responsive to root-knot nematode (rkn), two small rna libraries were constructed from wild-type (wt) and ja mutant (spr2) plants. a total of 263 known mirnas and 441 novel mirnas were significantly regulated under rkn stress in the two libraries. the ...	2015	26002970
involvement of nitric oxide in the jasmonate-dependent basal defense against root-knot nematode in tomato plants.	jasmonic acid (ja) and nitric oxide (no) are well-characterized signaling molecules in plant defense responses. however, their roles in plant defense against root-knot nematode (rkn, meloidogyne incognita) infection are largely unknown. in this study, we found that the transcript levels of the ja- and no-related biosynthetic and signaling component genes were induced after rkn infection. application of exogenous ja and sodium nitroprusside (snp; a no donor) significantly decreased the number of ...	2015	25914698
root transcriptome analysis of wild peanut reveals candidate genes for nematode resistance.	wild peanut relatives (arachis spp.) are genetically diverse and were adapted to a range of environments during the evolution course, constituting an important source of allele diversity for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. the wild diploid a. stenosperma harbors high levels of resistance to a variety of pathogens, including the root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne arenaria, through the onset of the hypersensitive response (hr). in order to identify genes and regulators triggering this ...	2015	26488731
meloidogyne javanica fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein (mj-far-1) regulates expression of lipid-, cell wall-, stress- and phenylpropanoid-related genes during nematode infection of tomato.	the secreted meloidogyne javanica fatty acid- and retinol-binding (far) protein mj-far-1 is involved in nematode development and reproduction in host tomato roots. to gain further insight into the role of mj-far-1 in regulating disease development, local transcriptional changes were monitored in tomato hairy root lines with constitutive mj-far-1 expression compared with control roots without inoculation, and 2, 5 and 15 days after inoculation (dai), using mrna sequencing analysis.	2015	25886179
systemic nematicidal activity and biocontrol efficacy of bacillus firmus against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.	a strain of marine bacterium bacillus firmus ybf-10 with nematicidal activity was originally isolated by our group. in the present study, the systemic nematicidal activity and biocontrol efficacy in pot experiment of b. firmus ybf-10 were investigated. our results showed that ybf-10 exhibits systemic nematicidal activity against meloidogyne incognita, including lethal activity, inhibition of egg hatch and motility. pot experiment suggested that soil drenching with ybf-10 efficiently reduced dama ...	2015	25672545
the diverse nematicidal properties and biocontrol efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis cry6a against the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla.	cry6a toxin from bacillus thuringiensis is a representative nematicidal crystal protein with a variety of nematicidal properties to free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. cry6a shares very low homology and different structure with cry5b, another representative nematicidal crystal protein, and probably acts in a distinct pathway. all these strongly indicate that cry6a toxin is likely a potent candidate for nematicide. the present study dealt with global investigation to determine the detrim ...	2015	25556591
synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,5-dimethoxystilbene analogs.	in our continuing effort to discover natural product-based pest management agents, derivatives of 3,5-dimethoxystilbene were synthesized yielding 27 new and six known compounds. compounds 11 and 12 showed strong aedes aegypti larvicidal activity (lc50 45.31 and 49.93 μm, respectively). furthermore, 11 and 12 exhibited high effectiveness against larvae of pesticide-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant strains of ae. aegypti; activity against the adult mosquitoes was low. compounds 6f, 6g, and 6i ...	2016	27450661
the fungal endophyte chaetomium globosum negatively affects both above- and belowground herbivores in cotton.	mutualistic plant-endophyte symbioses can benefit plants by increasing host fitness through reductions in herbivory. the fungus, chaetomium globosum strain tamu 520, was previously isolated as an endophyte from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and can be re-inoculated to systemically colonize cotton plants via seed treatment. we evaluated the potential impacts of the endophyte in cotton on plant parasitic nematodes belowground, along with piercing-sucking and chewing insects aboveground. endophytic c ...	2016	27451418
synthesis, spectral studies and biological evaluation of 2-aminonicotinic acid metal complexes.	we synthesized 2-aminonicotinic acid (2-ana) complexes with metals such as co(ii), fe(iii), ni(ii), mn(ii), zn(ii), ag(i),cr(iii), cd(ii) and cu(ii) in aqueous media. the complexes were characterized and elucidated using ft-ir, uv-vis, a fluorescence spectrophotometer and thermo gravimetric analysis (tga). tga data showed that the stoichiometry of complexes was 1:2 metal/ligand except for ag(i) and mn(ii) where the ratio was 1:1. the metal complexes showed varied antibacterial, fungicidal and ne ...	2016	26945123
a novel serine protease, sep1, from bacillus firmus ds-1 has nematicidal activity and degrades multiple intestinal-associated nematode proteins.	plant-parasitic nematodes (ppns) cause serious harm to agricultural production. bacillus firmus shows excellent control of ppns and has been produced as a commercial nematicide. however, its nematicidal factors and mechanisms are still unknown. in this study, we showed that b. firmus strain ds-1 has high toxicity against meloidogyne incognita and soybean cyst nematode. we sequenced the whole genome of ds-1 and identified multiple potential virulence factors. we then focused on a peptidase s8 sup ...	2016	27118554
genomes of parasitic nematodes (meloidogyne hapla, meloidogyne incognita, ascaris suum and brugia malayi) have a reduced complement of small rna interference pathway genes: knockdown can reduce host infectivity of m. incognita.	the discovery of rna interference (rnai) as an endogenous mechanism of gene regulation in a range of eukaryotes has resulted in its extensive use as a tool for functional genomic studies. it is important to study the mechanisms which underlie this phenomenon in different organisms, and in particular to understand details of the effectors that modulate its effectiveness. the aim of this study was to identify and compare genomic sequences encoding genes involved in the rnai pathway of four parasit ...	2016	27126863
long-term in vitro system for maintenance and amplification of root-knot nematodes in cucumis sativus roots.	root-knot nematodes (rkn) are polyphagous plant-parasitic roundworms that produce large crop losses, representing a relevant agricultural pest worldwide. after infection, they induce swollen root structures called galls containing giant cells (gcs) indispensable for nematode development. among efficient control methods are biotechnology-based strategies that require a deep knowledge of underlying molecular processes during the plant-nematode interaction. methods of achieving this knowledge inclu ...	2016	26941745
mutations in acetylcholinesterase2 (ace2) increase the insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to fosthiazate in the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.	the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita causes severe damage to continuously cropping vegetables. the control of this nematode relies heavily on organophosphate nematicides in china. here, we described resistance to the organophosphate nematicide fosthiazate in a greenhouse-collected resistant population (rp) and a laboratory susceptible population (sp) of m. incognita. fosthiazate was 2.74-fold less toxic to nematodes from rp than that from sp. quantitative real-time pcr revealed that the ...	2016	27897265
opda has key role in regulating plant susceptibility to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla in arabidopsis.	jasmonic acid (ja) is a plant hormone that plays important roles in regulating plant defenses against necrotrophic pathogens and herbivorous insects, but the role of ja in mediating the plant responses to root-knot nematodes has been unclear. here we show that an application of either methyl jasmonate (meja) or the ja-mimic coronatine (cor) on arabidopsis significantly reduced the number of galls caused by the root-knot nematode meloidogyne hapla. interestingly, the meja-induced resistance was i ...	2016	27822219
biological control of meloidogyne incognita by aspergillus niger f22 producing oxalic acid.	restricted usage of chemical nematicides has led to development of environmentally safe alternatives. a culture filtrate of aspergillus niger f22 was highly active against meloidogyne incognita with marked mortality of second-stage juveniles (j2s) and inhibition of egg hatching. the nematicidal component was identified as oxalic acid by organic acid analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (gc-ms). exposure to 2 mmol/l oxalic acid resulted in 100% juvenile mortality at 1 day after treat ...	2016	27258452
assessment of dapg-producing pseudomonas fluorescens for management of meloidogyne incognita and fusarium oxysporum on watermelon.	pseudomonas fluorescens isolates clinto 1r, wayne 1r, and wood 1r, which produce the antibiotic 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (dapg), can suppress soilborne diseases and promote plant growth. consequently, these beneficial bacterial isolates were tested on watermelon plants for suppression of meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode: rkn) and fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (fon). in a greenhouse trial, wayne 1r root dip suppressed numbers of rkn eggs per gram root on 'charleston gray' watermelon ...	2016	27168652
bioactivity of ruta graveolens and satureja montana essential oils on solanum tuberosum hairy roots and solanum tuberosum hairy roots with meloidogyne chitwoodi co-cultures.	as a nematotoxics screening biotechnological system, solanum tuberosum hairy roots (sthr) and s. tuberosum hairy roots with meloidogyne chitwoodi co-cultures (sthr/crkn) were evaluated, with and without the addition of the essential oils (eos) of satureja montana and ruta graveolens. eos nematotoxic and phytotoxic effects were followed weekly by evaluating nematode population density in the co-cultures as well as growth and volatile profiles of both in vitro cultures types. growth, measured by t ...	2016	27653470
evaluation of steam and soil solarization for meloidogyne arenaria control in florida floriculture crops.	steam and soil solarization were investigated for control of the root-knot nematode meloidogyne arenaria in 2 yr of field trials on a commercial flower farm in florida. the objective was to determine if preplant steam treatments in combination with solarization, or solarization alone effectively controlled nematodes compared to methyl bromide (mebr). trials were conducted in a field with naturally occurring populations of m. arenaria. treatments were solarization alone, steam treatment after sol ...	2016	27765992
reproduction of meloidogyne incognita race 3 on flue-cured tobacco homozygous for rk1 and/or rk2 resistance genes.	most commercial tobacco cultivars possess the rk1 resistance gene to races 1 and 3 of meloidogyne incognita and race 1 of meloidogyne arenaria, which has caused a shift in population prevalence in virginia tobacco fields toward other species and races. a number of cultivars now also possess the rk2 gene for root-knot resistance. experiments were conducted in 2013 to 2014 to examine whether possessing both rk1 and rk2 increases resistance to a variant of m. incognita race 3 compared to either gen ...	2016	27418700
evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes and the supernatants of the in vitro culture medium of their mutualistic bacteria for the control of the root-knot nematodes meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria.	the suppressive effects of various formulations of four entomopathogenic nematode (epn) species and the supernatants of their mutualistic bacteria on the root-knot nematodes (rkns) meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria in tomato roots were evaluated. the epns steinernema carpocapsae, s. feltiae, s. glaseri and heterorhabditis bacteriophora were applied as either live infective juveniles (ijs) or infected insect cadavers. spent medium from culturing the bacterial symbionts xenorhabdus bovienii an ...	2016	25721911
analysis of root-knot nematode and fusarium wilt disease resistance in cotton (gossypium spp.) using chromosome substitution lines from two alien species.	chromosome substitution (cs) lines in plants are a powerful genetic resource for analyzing the contribution of chromosome segments to phenotypic variance. in this study, a series of interspecific cotton (gossypium spp.) cs lines were used to identify a new germplasm resource, and to validate chromosomal regions and favorable alleles associated with nematode or fungal disease resistance traits. the cs lines were developed in the g. hirsutum l. tm-1 background with chromosome or chromosome segment ...	2016	26882892
optimization of in vitro techniques for distinguishing between live and dead second stage juveniles of heterodera glycines and meloidogyne incognita.	heterodera glycines (soybean cyst nematode, or scn) and meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode, or rkn) are two damaging plant-parasitic nematodes on important field crops. developing a quick method to distinguish between live and dead scn and rkn second stage juveniles (j2) is vital for high throughput screening of pesticides or biological compounds against scn and rkn. the in vitro assays were conducted in 96-well plates to determine the optimum chemical stimulus to distinguish between live ...	2016	27144277
[the participation of salicylic and jasmonic acids in genetic and induced resistance of tomato to meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white, 1919)].	salicylic (sa) and jasmonic (ja) acids are the best known mediators of signal systems in plants. in this investigation the participation and character of interactions between sa- and ja-signals under the induced and genetic resistance of plants to nematodes was investigated on the model system tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) and the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita. this study demonstrates that application of ja and sa to tomato foliage induces systemic effects that suppress root-knot n ...	2016	24171314
jasmonic acid and tomato resistance to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.		2016	19994787
pr proteins in plants infested with the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita (kofoid et white, 1919) chitwood 1949.		2016	12918384
a genome-wide association study of a global rice panel reveals resistance in oryza sativa to root-knot nematodes.	the root-knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola is one of the most serious nematode pests worldwide and represents a major constraint on rice production. while variation in the susceptibility of asian rice (oryza sativa) exists, so far no strong and reliable resistance has been reported. quantitative trait loci for partial resistance have been reported but no underlying genes have been tagged or cloned. here, 332 accessions of the rice diversity panel 1 were assessed for gall formation, revealing ...	2016	26552884
interactions between the oomycete pythium arrhenomanes and the rice root-knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola in aerobic asian rice varieties.	aerobic rice fields are frequently infested by pathogenic oomycetes (pythium spp.) and the rice root-knot nematode meloidogyne graminicola. here, the interaction between pythium arrhenomanes and meloidogyne graminicola was studied in rice roots of two aerobic rice varieties. in different experimental set-ups and infection regimes, plant growth, rice yield, pythium colonization, as well as establishment, development and reproduction of m. graminicola were studied.	2016	27473143
thiamine-induced priming against root-knot nematode infection in rice involves lignification and hydrogen peroxide generation.	thiamine (vitamin b1, vb1) can act as a plant defence trigger, or priming agent, leading to a rapid counterattack on pathogen invasion. in this study, the priming effect of thiamine on rice (oryza sativa cv. nipponbare) and its activity against root-knot nematode (meloidogyne graminicola) infection were evaluated. thiamine treatment and subsequent nematode inoculation activated hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) accumulation and lignin deposition in plant roots, and this correlated with enhanced transcrip ...	2016	27103216
comparing the defence-related gene expression changes upon root-knot nematode attack in susceptible versus resistant cultivars of rice.	rice is one of the major staple food crops in the world and an excellent model system for studying monocotyledonous plants. diseases caused by nematodes in rice are well documented and among them, root-knot nematode (rkn), meloidogyne graminicola, causes extensive yield decline. it is therefore necessary to identify novel sources of natural resistance to rkn in rice and to investigate the rice-rkn interaction in detail to understand the basal plant defence mechanisms and nematode manipulation of ...	2016	26961568
response of malpighia emarginata active germplasm bank accessions to meloidogyne enterolobii parasitism.	malpighia emarginata is cultivated in almost all brazil and is considered an important agricultural crop. the root-knot nematode meloidogyne enterolobii has been described as a major threat to this crop, causing great production losses. due to the scarcity of information about the severity of this parasite in m. emarginata plants in brazil, this study investigated m. enterolobii resistance of ten m. emarginata genotypes from the active germplasm bank of universidade federal rural de pernambuco. ...	2016	27819718
identification and characterization of micrornas in the plant parasitic root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita using deep sequencing.	the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita is among the most damaging plant-parasitic pests of several crops including cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and tomato (lycopersicon escultentum). recently, a genome has become available for m. incognita, which greatly facilitates investigation of the interactions between m. incognita and its plant hosts at the molecular level and enables formation of hypotheses concerning development at the cellular level. micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small rna mole ...	2016	26743520
in vivo imaging of microtubule organization in dividing giant cell.	mitosis which is a major step during plant development can also be observed in physiopathological conditions. during the compatible interaction between the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and its host arabidopsis, the pathogen induce through repeated divisions without complete cytokinesis the formation of hypertrophied and multinucleate feeding cells, named giant cells. due to the presence of hypertrophied plant cell material surrounding the giant cells, classical live cell imaging gave ...	2016	26659960
msp40 effector of root-knot nematode manipulates plant immunity to facilitate parasitism.	root-knot nematodes (rkns) are obligate biotrophic parasites that invade plant roots and engage in prolonged and intimate relationships with their hosts. nematode secretions, some of which have immunosuppressing activity, play essential roles in successful parasitism; however, their mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. here, we show that the rkn-specific gene mimsp40, cloned from meloidogyne incognita, is expressed exclusively in subventral oesophageal gland cells and is strongly upregul ...	2016	26797310
mi-flp-18 and mi-mpk-1 genes are potential targets for meloidogyne incognita control.	meloidogyne incognita is a major plant parasite that causes root-knot disease in numerous agricultural crops. this nematode has severely affected greenhouse crops in china. chemical insecticides are generally used to control this pest, but they have adverse environmental and human toxicity effects; hence, safe and effective strategies for controlling the root-knot nematode (rkn) are necessary. fmrfamide-like peptides (flps) have diverse physiological and biological effects on the locomotory, fee ...	2016	26785173
stage-wise identification and analysis of mirna from root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita.	in this study, we investigated global changes in mirnas of meloidogyne incognita throughout its life cycle. small rna sequencing resulted in approximately 62, 38, 38, 35, and 39 mb reads in the egg, j2, j3, j4, and female stages, respectively. overall, we identified 2724 known and 383 novel mirnas (read count > 10) from all stages, of which 169 known and 13 novel mirna were common to all the five stages. among the stage-specific mirnas, mir-286 was highly expressed in eggs, mir-2401 in j2, mir-8 ...	2016	27775666
the infection of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) roots by meloidogyne incognita alters the expression of actin-depolymerizing factor (adf) genes, particularly in association with giant cell formation.	cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) is threatened by substantial yield losses due to the south root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita). however, understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the process of nematode infection is still limited. in this study, we found that m. incognita infection affected the structure of cells in cucumber roots and treatment of the cytoskeleton inhibitor (cytochalasin d) reduced root-knot nematode (rkn) parasitism. it is known that actin-depolymerizing factor ...	2016	27695469
expression of a cystatin transgene in eggplant provides resistance to root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita.	root-knot nematodes (rkn) cause substantial yield decline in eggplant and sustainable management options to minimize crop damage due to nematodes are still limited. a number of genetic engineering strategies have been developed to disrupt the successful plant-nematode interactions. among them, delivery of proteinase inhibitors from the plant to perturb nematode development and reproduction is arguably the most effective strategy. in the present study, transgenic eggplant expressing a modified ri ...	2016	27516765
untargeted metabolomics of tomato plants after root-knot nematode infestation.	after 2 months from the infestation of tomato plants with the root-knot nematode (rkn) meloidogyne incognita, we performed a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry untargeted fingerprint analysis for the identification of characteristic metabolites and biomarkers. principal component analysis, and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis suggested dramatic local changes of the plant metabolome. in the case of tomato leaves, β-alanine, phenylalanine, and melibiose were indu ...	2016	27389052
coupling of mic-3 overexpression with the chromosomes 11 and 14 root-knot nematode (rkn) (meloidogyne incognita) resistance qtls provides insights into the regulation of the rkn resistance response in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum).	genetic analysis of mic-3 transgene with rkn resistance qtls provides insight into the resistance regulatory mechanism and provides a framework for testing additional hypotheses. resistance to root-knot nematode (rkn) (meloidogyne incognita) in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is mediated by two major quantitative trait loci (qtl) located on chromosomes 11 and 14. the mic-3 (meloidogyne induced cotton3) protein accumulates specifically within the immature galls of rkn-resistant plants that pos ...	2016	27314265
synthesis, nematocidal activity and docking study of novel chiral 1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-pyrazole-4-carboxamide derivatives.	a series of novel chiral fluorinated pyrazole carboxamides derivatives were designed and synthesized. all these title compounds were confirmed by nmr and ms. the primarily nematocidal activity results indicated that some of them exhibited good control efficacy against the tomato root-knot nematode disease caused by meloidogyne incognita. the docking results indicated that compound 5n interact with amino acid residue tyr 121, trp 279 of ache via hydrogen bond.	2016	27301365