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the coexistence of lymphangiosarcoma and kaposi's sarcoma in a renal transplant recipient.a case of coexisting lymphangiosarcoma and kaposi's sarcoma that occurred in a female renal transplant recipient is presented. both sarcomas were localized to the skin and were slowly progressive over several years. the coexistence of these two sarcomas may indicate that they arose from a common precursor endothelial cell and that systemic immune suppression may be important in the pathogenesis of both these malignancies.20071913470
allergic reaction of the oral mucosa in a patient with a synthetic denture. 20071868728
magnetic resonance imaging in infants exposed to cocaine prenatally: a preliminary report. 20071914354
first assisting in cataract surgery: program results.1. this program was established to teach non-physicians to first assist in cataract surgery, since third party payors would no longer pay for physicians to first assist. 2. among the advantages to utilizing non-physician first assistants are: availability, reliability, familiarity with instruments and equipment, and quality of service. 3. the questionnaire results confirm that the advantages of having non-physician first assistants far outweigh the disadvantages.20082566208
[thoracic nodular lesions]. 20082518936
[status of intersex. psychological aspects]. 20084425564
[effectiveness of measures for cleaning up the atmosphere in the area of the kazan organic synthesis plant]. 20084278589
risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas in childhood: a case-control study.a hospital-based case-control study on soft tissue sarcomas (sts) was conducted in 1983-84 in torino and in padova (italy). cases (36 children with rhabdomyosarcoma (rms) and 16 non rms-sts) were compared to 326 controls. histories of parental smoking habits and occupations, parental and children's exposure to ionizing radiation, children's diseases and some other variables were collected through interviews to the relatives attending the child in the hospital. a non statistically significant ass ...20082815346
[treatment of fractures of the distal quarter of the leg using ilizarov's method: preliminary results].the authors report their experience about the treatment of the fractures of the distal end of the leg, by means of the method of ilizarov. the type of apparatus used and the technique of assembling are presented. the authors point out the validity and advantage of this method, especially when compared to a.o. osteosynthesis.20082612265
[treatment of fractures of the distal quarter of the leg using ilizarov's method: preliminary results].the authors report their experience about the treatment of the fractures of the distal end of the leg, by means of the method of ilizarov. the type of apparatus used and the technique of assembling are presented. the authors point out the validity and advantage of this method, especially when compared to a.o. osteosynthesis.20082612265
[carcinoid of the papilla of vater-somatostatinoma--a case report].a 46-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of liver dysfunction. she had been suffering from right hypochondralgia for two months. on admission, laboratory data indicated extrahepatic cholestasis. both x-ray and endoscopic examinations confirm a submucosal tumor of the papilla of vater, and surgical diagnosis was performed. histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as carcinoid, and a further immunohistochemical study by the pap method using antisomatostatin serum indicated somatosta ...20082874242
institutional review boards. 20082500193
[lactic acidosis in diabetic patients associated with buformin]. 20082519422
serotonin in fore-gut carcinoids. a survey of 60 cases with regard to silver stains, formalin-induced fluorescence and serotonin immunocytochemistry.a series of 60 fore-gut carcinoid tumours was examined with regard to serotonin content after application of three different techniques, namely: the argentaffin reaction, formalin-induced fluorescence according to falck-hillarp and immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibodies to serotonin. to evaluate the staining-fluorescence of individual tumour cells, the methods were applied to identical tumour sections. twelve tumours demonstrated serotonin-immunoreactive cells, six of which were also arg ...20082580071
unraveling the immune regulatory mechanisms imposed by anaplasma. 200817449299
[drug-induced cardiovascular complications].many drugs, including those prescribed in cardiology, can induce adverse cardiovascular side effects. most of the anti-arrhythmia drugs have a negative inotropic action and proarrhythmic effects. estroprogestative contraceptive drugs favor thromboembolitic events and increase the incidence of hypertension. due to the risk of coronary insufficiency, substitutive hormonotherapy in hypothyroidism must be introduced gradually. tricyclic anti-depressive drugs and neuroleptics can induce orthostatic h ...20082610453
the pattern of tuberculosis in addis ababa, ethiopia.two hundred and forty available charts of medical patients treated for tuberculosis at tikur anbessa hospital in addis ababa, ethiopia over 2 years (9/83-9/85 were studied. tb was diagnosed in 11.2% of medical admissions. the average age of tb patients was 30.5; 58% were males; 53% were classed as poor. tb patients were poorer than other medical patients and averaged 38.9 days in hospital, non-tb patients averaged 31.9 days. pulmonary disease was most common (47% of total), followed by spondylit ...20082612412
the pattern of tuberculosis in addis ababa, ethiopia.two hundred and forty available charts of medical patients treated for tuberculosis at tikur anbessa hospital in addis ababa, ethiopia over 2 years (9/83-9/85 were studied. tb was diagnosed in 11.2% of medical admissions. the average age of tb patients was 30.5; 58% were males; 53% were classed as poor. tb patients were poorer than other medical patients and averaged 38.9 days in hospital, non-tb patients averaged 31.9 days. pulmonary disease was most common (47% of total), followed by spondylit ...20082612412
[anti-p2 protein antibodies in patients with polyradiculoneuropathy]. 20082446811
self-screening of blood pressure and sodium in a 24-hour urine sample as part of a school health programme.a study was conducted to determine the usefulness of self-screening of blood pressure in families as part of a school health care programme, and to study the relationship between bp and sodium excretion in school children. in 750 families with 10-13 year old children, the mothers were instructed to take bp measurements on themselves, their child and the father whilst at home. a comparison of the children's bp measurements at home and at school with those of the parents showed the home measuremen ...20082258868
prevalence and genotypes of anaplasma species and habitat suitability for ticks in a mediterranean ecosystem.anaplasma species are tick-transmitted pathogens that impact veterinary and human health. sicily is one of the locations where these pathogens are endemic. sicily represents a typical mediterranean ecosystem to study anaplasma infection and tick habitat suitability. the aims of this study were (i) to characterize by 16s rrna and species-specific msp4 gene pcr the prevalence and genotypes of a. marginale, a. phagocytophilum, and a. ovis in the most abundant host species in sicilian provinces and ...200818978093
rapid deletion of antigen-specific cd4+ t cells following infection represents a strategy of immune evasion and persistence for anaplasma marginale.acquired t cell immunity is central for protection against infection. however, the immunological consequences of exposing memory t cells to high ag loads during acute and persistent infection with systemic pathogens are poorly understood. we investigated this by using infection with anaplasma marginale, a ruminant pathogen that replicates to levels of 10(9) bacteria per ml of blood during acute infection and maintains mean bacteremia levels of 10(6) per ml during long-term persistent infection. ...200819017965
detection of anaplasma antibodies in wildlife and domestic species in wildlife-livestock interface areas of kenya by major surface protein 5 competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.the seroprevalence of anaplasma antibodies in wildlife (eland, blue wildebeest, kongoni, impala, thomson's gazelle, grant's gazelle, giraffe and plains zebra) and domestic animal (cattle, sheep and goat) populations was studied in wildlife/livestock interface areas of kenya. serum samples were analyzed by competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ci-elisa), using a recombinant antigen (msp-5) from anaplasma marginale surface membrane. a monoclonal antibody, fc-16, was used as the ...200819040134
characterization of 'candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris' (family anaplasmataceae) from raccoons (procyon lotor).recently, a novel ehrlichial organism was isolated from a raccoon (procyon lotor) and the isolate (rac413) was infectious to two naïve raccoons but not laboratory mice, rats or rabbits. in this study, amplification and sequencing of four gene targets (16s rrna gene, groesl, glta and rpob) confirmed that the novel ehrlichial organism was a member of the family anaplasmataceae and was most closely related to, but distinct from, 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' tk4456(r) and is58. rac413 shared ...200819060060
outer membrane protein sequence variation in lambs experimentally infected with anaplasma phagocytophilum.anaplasma phagocytophilum has long been known to cause tick-borne fever in ruminants and has been identified more recently as the causative agent of the emerging disease human granulocytic anaplasmosis. the related organism anaplasma marginale uses gene conversion of the expression site for two major outer membrane proteins (omps) to generate extensive sequence and antigenic variation in these omps. this is thought to present a continuously varying repertoire of epitopes to the mammalian host an ...200817967854
evaluation of sequential coinfection with anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale in cattle.to determine whether sequelae of infection differed among single versus double infection with anaplasma phagocytophilum or anaplasma marginale, with and without tick salivary extract, in cattle.200818764690
duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection and quantification of anaplasma marginale and anaplasma centrale.anaplasma marginale and anaplasma centrale are rickettsial pathogens responsible for acute disease and mild infections, respectively, in cattle herds. a duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay with probes labeled with different fluorophores was developed for simultaneous detection and quantification of a. marginale and a. centrale dna in bovine blood samples. the assay was able to detect as few as 10(1) and 10(2) dna copies for a. marginale and a. centrale, respectively, with opti ...200818776093
[immune-humoral response of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) against anaplasma marginale (theiler, 1910)].the aim of the present study was to analyze the humoral-immune response of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) naturally infected against anaplasma marginale. for this work, colostrums/milk and blood samples were sequentially collected from buffalo cows prior and after partum for a period of 335 days and from buffalo calves from birth to 365 days after. the antibodies in the colostrums/milk and serum samples of these animals were determined using an elisa indirect method and the data were analyzed a ...200818823574
frequency of antibodies to babesia bigemina, b. bovis, anaplasma marginale, trypanosoma vivax and borrelia burgdorferi in cattle from the northeastern region of the state of pará, brazil.babesiosis, anaplasmosis, and trypanosomosis are relevant diseases, potentially causing morbidity in cattle, leading to economic losses. borreliosis is import as a potential zoonosis. the objective of this study was to determine, by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the frequency of seropositive cattle to babesia bigemina, b. bovis, anaplasma marginale, trypanosoma vivax and borrelia burgdorferi in cattle from the northeastern region of pará, brazil. sera samples from 246 femal ...200818823579
[detection of antibodies against anaplasma sp. in small ruminants from the semi-arid region against pernambuco state, brazil].this paper reports the detection of antibodies against anaplasma sp. in goats and sheep from the semi-arid region from pernambuco state, brazil, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant msp5 of anaplasma marginale. sera from 243 goats and 68 sheep from ibimirim municipality were analyzed and frequencies of antibodies of 11.93% (29/243) and 16.17% (11/68) were found for goats and sheep, respectively. the epidemiological relevance of the findings was discussed.200818823582
distribution and application of elisa for the seroprevalence of tick-borne diseases in central equatoria state, sudan.this study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of theileria parva, theileria mutans, babesia bigemina and anaplasma marginale antibodies among naturally infected cattle in central equatoria state, southern sudan using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). three locations (khor rumla, nyaing and gumbo) were selected and surveyed every 3 months during the period from january to december 2005. six cattle herds in the three locations were visited four times during the study peri ...200818666971
genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale strains from an outbreak of bovine anaplasmosis in an endemic area.anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne pathogen of cattle that causes the disease bovine anaplasmosis worldwide. major surface proteins (msps) are involved in host-pathogen and tick-pathogen interactions and have been used as markers for the genetic characterization of a. marginale strains. a. marginale genotypes are highly variable in endemic areas worldwide. the genetic composition of a. marginale strains during anaplasmosis outbreaks has been characterized in one study only which reported a sing ...200818842342
development of a lateral flow assay for rapid detection of bovine antibody to anaplasma marginale.a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of bovine antibody to anaplasma marginale was developed. the assay used a recombinant peptide of major surface protein 5 as the antigen and a monoclonal antibody specific for bovine igg(1) conjugated with colloidal gold beads for detection. serum and anticoagulated blood samples were obtained from cattle in an area where anaplasmosis was endemic. the samples were selected based on positive identification of the organism in blood smears. the unclotted bloo ...200818080877
physical linkage of naturally complexed bacterial outer membrane proteins enhances immunogenicity.the outer membrane proteins (omps) of bacterial pathogens are essential for their growth and survival and especially for attachment and invasion of host cells. since the outer membrane is the interface between the bacterium and the host cell, outer membranes and individual omps are targeted for development of vaccines against many bacterial diseases. whole outer membrane fractions often protect against disease, and this protection cannot be fully reproduced by using individual omps. exactly how ...200818086812
sequential analysis of anaplasma phagocytophilum msp2 transcription in murine and equine models of human granulocytic anaplasmosis.anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis by inducing immunopathologic responses. its immunodominant msp2 protein is encoded by a family of >100 paralogs. msp2 (msp2) expression modulates in the absence of immune pressure, and prolonged in vitro passage modulates in vivo virulence. because programmed msp2 expression occurs in anaplasma marginale, we hypothesized a similar event in a. phagocytophilum in vivo, with specific msp2 expression triggering immunopathologic injury ...200818094110
high-throughput identification of t-lymphocyte antigens from anaplasma marginale expressed using in vitro transcription and translation.the ability to rapidly screen a complex pathogen proteome for proteins that elicit recall t-lymphocyte responses from immune individuals would accelerate vaccine development. an outer membrane fraction of the rickettsial pathogen anaplasma marginale induces protective immunity against infection and disease in cattle. we have used this immunization model to evaluate high-throughput screening of proteins expressed by in vitro transcription and translation (ivtt) for recognition by memory cd4(+) t- ...200818243240
superinfection as a driver of genomic diversification in antigenically variant pathogens.a new pathogen strain can penetrate an immune host population only if it can escape immunity generated against the original strain. this model is best understood with influenza viruses, in which genetic drift creates antigenically distinct strains that can spread through host populations despite the presence of immunity against previous strains. whether this selection model for new strains applies to complex pathogens responsible for endemic persistent infections, such as anaplasmosis, relapsing ...200818252822
selenium status and antibodies to selected pathogens in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in southern minnesota.to determine exposure to a variety of infectious diseases potentially important for native ungulates, livestock, and humans, serum samples from 114 (94 adults, 20 fawns) female white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were collected during january 2000-03 from multiple locations in southeast (se) and southwest (sw) minnesota. antibody prevalence was determined for the following pathogens: mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, leptospira interrogans (six serovars), anaplasma marginale, b ...200818263838
validation of an anaplasma marginale celisa for use in the diagnosis of a. ovis infections in domestic sheep and anaplasma spp. in wild ungulates.a commercially available (celisa) kit for diagnosing anaplasma marginale infection in cattle was validated for diagnosing a ovis infection in sheep using the bovine serum controls as supplied by the manufacturer (bcelisa) and sheep serum controls from pathogen-free sheep (ocelisa). true positives were identified using two previously established assays, a nested pcr (npcr) test and an indirect immunofluorescent assay (ifa). the bcelisa was also applied to sera from various species of wild ruminan ...200818272296
comparison of the efficiency of biological transmission of anaplasma marginale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) by dermacentor andersoni stiles (acari: ixodidae) with mechanical transmission by the horse fly, tabanus fuscicostatus hine (diptera: muscidae).mechanical transmission ofanaplasma marginale by horse flies (tabanidae) is thought to be epidemiologically significant in some areas of the united states. we compared the relative efficiencies of mechanical transmission of anaplasma marginale by the horse fly, tabanus fuscicostatus hine, during acute infection (approximately 10(7) to approximately 10(9) infected erythrocytes [ie]/ml blood) with biological transmission by dermacentor andersoni stiles in the persistent phase of infection (approxi ...200818283950
composition of the surface proteome of anaplasma marginale and its role in protective immunity induced by outer membrane immunization.surface proteins of tick-borne, intracellular bacterial pathogens mediate functions essential for invasion and colonization. consequently, the surface proteome of these organisms is specifically relevant from two biological perspectives, induction of protective immunity in the mammalian host and understanding the transition from the mammalian host to the tick vector. in this study, the surface proteome of anaplasma marginale, a tick-transmitted bacterial pathogen, was targeted by using surface-s ...200818316389
parasitic infections in dairy cattle around hanoi, northern vietnam.in northern vietnam, dairy cattle are mainly managed in small-scale farms, where animals are kept confined and feeding occurs by cut and carry methods. in the present study the occurrence of parasitic infections was examined in five provinces around hanoi. a total of 201 farms were visited, and 334 stool and 239 blood samples were collected from calves younger than 3 months, animals between 3 and 24 months and adult cows. furthermore, 254 milk samples were collected from lactating animals. copro ...200818328629
concomitant infection of cattle with the vaccine strain anaplasma marginale ss centrale and field strains of a. marginale.bovine anaplasmosis, caused by anaplasma marginale, the intraerythrocytic rickettsia, is controlled by vaccination with live anaplasma marginale ss centrale (a. centrale), a subspecies of relatively low pathogenicity. we have experimentally demonstrated that an animal primarily infected with a. marginale, or with the related vaccine subspecies a. centrale can be infected with the heterologous subspecies, and carries both bacteria. the co-infection was detected in experimentally cross-infected ca ...200818387757
igg and igg2 antibodies from cattle naturally infected with anaplasma marginale recognize the recombinant vaccine candidate antigens virb9, virb10, and elongation factor-tu.anaplasma marginale is an important vector-borne rickettsia of ruminants in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. immunization with purified outer membranes of this organism induces protection against acute anaplasmosis. previous studies, with proteomic and genomic approach identified 21 proteins within the outer membrane immunogen in addition to previously characterized major surface protein1a-5 (msp1a-5). among the newly described proteins were virb9, virb10, and elongation factor-tu ...200818425271
productivity and health effects of anaplasmosis and babesiosis on bos indicus cattle and their crosses, and the effects of differing intensity of tick control in australia.tick fever is an important disease of cattle where rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus acts as a vector for the three causal organisms babesia bovis, babesia bigemina and anaplasma marginale. bos indicus cattle and their crosses are more resistant to the clinical effects of infection with b. bovis and b. bigemina than are bos taurus cattle. resistance is not complete, however, and herds of b. indicus-cross cattle are still at risk of babesiosis in environments where exposure to b. bovis is light ...200818472219
molecular identification of anaplasma marginale and rickettsial endosymbionts in blood-sucking flies (diptera: tabanidae, muscidae) and hard ticks (acari: ixodidae).in an attempt to identify the main vector and possible transmission routes of anaplasma spp. in a region of hungary with high prevalence of ovine and bovine anaplasmosis, dna was extracted from 316 haematophagous arthropods (individually or in pools), including 4 species of ixodid ticks, 6 species of tabanid flies and hornflies. midichloria-like organisms were identified with pcr (amplifying a portion of the 16s rrna gene) and sequencing from dermacentor marginatus and ixodes ricinus. significan ...200818495345
in situ detection of anaplasma spp. by dna target-primed rolling-circle amplification of a padlock probe and intracellular colocalization with immunofluorescently labeled host cell von willebrand factor.endothelial cell culture and preliminary immunofluorescent staining of anaplasma-infected tissues suggest that endothelial cells may be an in vivo nidus of mammalian infection. to investigate endothelial cells and other potentially cryptic sites of anaplasma sp. infection in mammalian tissues, a sensitive and specific isothermal in situ technique to detect localized anaplasma gene sequences by using rolling-circle amplification of circularizable, linear, oligonucleotide probes (padlock probes) w ...200818495855
induced immune response of dna vaccine encoding an association msp1a, msp1b, and msp5 antigens of anaplasma marginale.the outer membrane proteins of anaplasma marginale have been the focus of research to obtain an improved vaccine against bovine anaplasmosis. we evaluated the capacity of the recombinant plasmids pcdna-msp1alpha, pcdna-msp1beta, and pcdna-mp5 to express msp1a, msp1b, and msp5 proteins, and to determine the immunogenicity of balb/c mice immunized with these plasmids individually or in association. expression of proteins was confirmed in vero cells by ifa. the combination of recombinant plasmids s ...200818502005
silencing expression of the defensin, varisin, in male dermacentor variabilis by rna interference results in reduced anaplasma marginale infections.antimicrobial peptides, including defensins, are components of the innate immune system in ticks that have been shown to provide protection against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. varisin, one of the defensins identified in dermacentor variabilis, was shown to be produced primarily in hemocytes but transcript levels were also expressed in midguts and other tick cells. in this research, we studied the role of varisin in the immunity of ticks to the gram-negative cattle pathogen, an ...200818523848
studies on correlations among parasitaemia and some hemolytic indices in two tropical diseases (theileriosis and anaplasmosis) in fars province of iran.this study was carried out in two observational clinical studies. study 1 comprised 50 adult crossbred cattle naturally infected by theileria annulata. infected animals were divided into 4 subgroups with different parasitaemia (<1%, 1-3%, 3-5% and >5%). study 2 comprised 20 adult crossbred cattle naturally infected by anaplasma marginale. infected animals were divided into 3 subgroups with different parasitaemia (<10%, 10-20% and 20-30%). in study 1, a significant negative correlation (p<0.001) ...200818551778
cloning, sequencing and antigenic characterization of rvirb9 of anaplasma marginale isolated from paraná state, brazil.anaplasma marginale, a tick-borne bacterium, causes bovine anaplasmosis responsible for significant economic losses in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. various major outer membranes have been described, and virb9, a type iv secretion system protein, has been recently indicated as a candidate in vaccine development against anaplasmosis. the virb9 gene of an a. marginale strain isolated in paraná, brazil, was cloned by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced; its cloning into the petsum ...200818561379
tick-borne transmission of two genetically distinct anaplasma marginale strains following superinfection of the mammalian reservoir host.strain superinfection affects the dynamics of epidemiological spread of pathogens through a host population. superinfection has recently been shown to occur for two genetically distinct strains of the tick-borne pathogen anaplasma marginale that encode distinctly different surface protein variants. superinfected animals could serve as a reservoir for onward transmission of both strains if the tick vector is capable of acquiring and transmitting both strains. whether competition among strains dur ...200818573892
clinical features associated with seroconversion to anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina and theileria parva infections in african cattle under natural tick challenge.a longitudinal study was conducted in southeast uganda for 14 months on 640 zebu cattle kept under natural tick challenge, with a view to identifying clinical features for prediction of seroconversion to anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina and theileria parva infections. physical examination, condition scoring and tick counts were undertaken on all cattle every 4 weeks. in addition, 5300 sera were collected and analysed for antibodies against a. marginale, b. bigemina and t. parva infections u ...200818579313
anaplasma marginale major surface protein 1a directs cell surface display of tick bm95 immunogenic peptides on escherichia coli.the surface display of heterologous proteins on live escherichia coli using anchoring motifs from outer membranes proteins has impacted on many areas of biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology. the anaplasma marginale major surface protein 1a (msp1a) contains n-terminal surface-exposed repeated peptides (28-289 amino acids) that are involved in pathogen interaction with host cell receptors and is surface-displayed when the recombinant protein is expressed in e. coli. therefore, it was ...200818582976
differential expression of the tick protective antigen subolesin in anaplasma marginale- and a. phagocytophilum-infected host cells.subolesin was recently shown in vaccine and rna interference (rnai) studies to protect against tick infestations and to affect tick feeding, reproduction, and development as well as infection of host cells by anaplasma marginale and a. phagocytophilum. recent experiments provided evidence that infection of both tick and vertebrate host cells with these two pathogens modified gene expression. we therefore hypothesized that infection of host cells with a. marginale and a. phagocytophilum affects e ...200819120168
characterization of anaplasma infections in sicily, italy.this study aimed to characterize infection with anaplasma marginale, a. phagocytophilum, a. ovis, and a. platys in humans, animals, and ticks in sicily, italy, during 2003-2006. serologic (competitive elisa [celisa]) and indirect immunofluorescence antibody [ifa]; n= 1990) and dna (polymerase chain reaction [pcr]; n= 2788) tests were conducted on horse, donkey, cattle, sheep, goat, pig, dog, cat, roe deer, wild boar, human, and tick samples. the results reported herein suggested that in sicily c ...200819120181
anaplasma marginale yucatan (mexico) strain. assessment of low virulence and potential use as a live vaccine.anaplasma marginale yucatan strain was found to have low virulence in cattle. we studied the virulence of this isolate by experimental inoculation of 113 susceptible cattle at increasing doses, after which only one animal required treatment for clinical disease. subsequently, 104 cattle received a live vaccine of this strain by inoculation, which induced immunoprotection after heterologous challenged exposure with a different a. marginale isolate. in this study 14% of the immunized cattle requir ...200819120183
first report of bovine anaplasmosis caused by anaplasma centrale in europe.anaplasma centrale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) is used as a live vaccine for cattle against the pathogenic anaplasma marginale in tropical and subtropical areas. herein we report a clinical case of bovine anaplasmosis associated with a. centrale infection in italy, together with the first molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of this anaplasma species or subspecies in europe.200819120185
flow cytometry to evaluate anaplasma marginale parasitemia using a fluorescent nucleic acid stain.in this work we describe a flow cytometry-based method using syto16 (a dna intercalating agent) to quantify anaplasma marginale-infected erythrocytes in blood from bovine animals. the linearity and reproducibility of the results obtained with syto16 labeling followed by flow cytometry analysis make it a suitable approach for measurement of parasitemia in a. marginale infections.200819120186
[effects of the oxitetracycline in the increase of the packed cell volume of cows milk jugs during outbreak of bovine anaplasmosis].this research was performed to study the effects of oxytetracicline l.a., in unique dose, in the reconstitution of the packed cell volume (pcv) from animals clinically affected by anaplasmosis. were utilized 152 holstein frisian cows, of first lactation with age group varying between three and four years old. the animals were classified according to the presence of anaplasma marginale in the circulation and percentage of pcv as: chronic infection (pcve24%) and clinical (pcv<23%) constituting gro ...200820059824
occupational medicine. organizational behavior.work flow and the administrative processes by which it is controlled are fundamental in shaping the realities of the organization as a system of relationships. organization is technology in the broadest sense: processes, procedures, policies, controls, formal authority structures, and techniques. among groups or organizations, it is unusual for changes in sentiment to precede action or organizational rearrangements. technology and structure must be changed first. this chapter has outlined organi ...20082644717
[the respiratory tract and air pollution]. 20083053144
transient palsy of hip abductors after a fall on the buttocks.a fall on the buttocks caused monolateral transient palsy of the hip abductors in two patients. palsy could be ascribed to acute entrapment of the superior gluteal nerve between the piriformis muscle and the incisura ischiadica major.20082346715
simple method for stapled low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis.a technique of stapled low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis is described, which follows eversion through the anus and stapled closure of the anorectal or anal remnant. the procedure is rapid and safe, and allows a secure distal clearance under direct visual control when dealing with tumors of the lower third of the rectum.20082323288
the contrasting structures of mismatched dna sequences containing looped-out bases (bulges) and multiple mismatches (bubbles).we have studied the structure and reactivities of two kinds of mismatched dna sequences--unopposed bases, or bulges, and multiple mismatched pairs of bases. these were generated in a constant sequence environment, in relatively long dna fragments, using a technique based on heteroduplex formation between sequences cloned into single-stranded m13 phage. the mismatched sequences were studied from two points of view, viz 1. the mobility of the fragments on gel electrophoresis in polyacrylamide was ...20092780311
[left ventricular pressure-volume diagram determined by forward and backward formatting of radionuclide ventriculography and analog pressure data].pressure-volume (pv) loop is of great value for the assessment of left ventricular (lv) function, but its clinical application has been limited by methodological complexity. a new system was developed to make accurate loop with simplified procedure, and was applied to clinical and interventional study. the system constitutes of a mobile gamma camera, a poly-amplifier and a data processor (gms-550u, toshiba medical) installed in cardiac catheterization labo for simultaneous raw data handling and ...20092786583
a retrospective cohort study of lung cancer and diesel exhaust exposure in railroad workers.the risk of lung cancer as a result of exposure to diesel exhaust from railroad locomotives was assessed in a cohort of 55,407 white male railroad workers 40 to 64 yr of age in 1959 who had started railroad service 10 to 20 years earlier. the cohort was traced until the end of 1980, and death certificates were obtained for 88% of 19,396 deaths; 1,694 lung cancer cases were identified. yearly railroad job from 1959 to death or retirement was available from the railroad retirement board, and serve ...20093354987
allograft tolerance induction in adult mice associated with functional deletion of specific ctl precursors.rejection of h-2 class i bm 1 mutant skin allografts by b6 recipient mice is mediated by a population of cd8+ anti-bm1 cytotoxic t-lymphocytes that produces and consumes its own t helper factor in response to bm1 skin allografts (dual function ctl). previously we have demonstrated that transfusion of allogeneic lymphocytes across an h-2 class i disparity induces specific long-lasting skin allograft survival. we now show that intravenous injection of allogeneic spleen cells across the bm1 mutant ...20092815256
allograft tolerance induction in adult mice associated with functional deletion of specific ctl precursors.rejection of h-2 class i bm 1 mutant skin allografts by b6 recipient mice is mediated by a population of cd8+ anti-bm1 cytotoxic t-lymphocytes that produces and consumes its own t helper factor in response to bm1 skin allografts (dual function ctl). previously we have demonstrated that transfusion of allogeneic lymphocytes across an h-2 class i disparity induces specific long-lasting skin allograft survival. we now show that intravenous injection of allogeneic spleen cells across the bm1 mutant ...20092815256
[an unusual slow course of systemic vasculitis with multiorgan involvement].this paper reports on an unusually slowly progressing course seen in systemic vasculitis of the median and smaller arteries and small veins associated with dermatomyositis, chronically active hepatitis, glomerulonephritis of the immune complex and restrictive cardiomyopathy in a 35-year-old patient. the authors discuss the difficulties in establishing the diagnosis and in finding the exact classification of this disease.20092714835
[dr. miklós tímár on his 75th birthday]. 20092691954
development of neural inducing capacity in dissociated xenopus embryos.during gastrulation in amphibians, dorsal ectoderm is converted by induction from an epidermal pathway to central nervous system (cns). we show in this report that the ability of the embryo to manufacture this neural inducing signal is not dependent upon intercellular communication between early cleavage and early gastrula stages. this result is consistent with the interpretation that the cell lineage that induces cns formation arises itself by a cell-autonomous mechanism, perhaps specified by m ...20092731653
family or individual therapy: the determinants of modality choice.there are powerful non-rational forces in patients and therapists alike, and in the therapeutic context. these forces often determine whether individual or family therapy is chosen. historical, cultural, and economic forces, patient and family motivations, and therapist preferences are all powerful determinants of modality choice. this is partly due to the newness of the field of family therapy, and will probably continue until we have a better conceptual grasp of family theory and nosology, the ...20094018725
effect of hydergine in hyperprolactinemia.the prl-inhibiting and ovulation-inducing effects of hydergine were studied in 18 patients with hyperprolactinemic ovulatory disturbances. the women were divided into 2 groups of 9 each. those in group a had basal serum prl levels higher than 100 micrograms/l, and those in group b had basal serum prl levels lower than 100 micrograms/l. serum prl levels in both groups were determined before and hourly for 8 h after a single oral dose of either 2 mg hydergine or placebo. hydergine induced a signif ...20092753986
distribution of a boronated porphyrin in murine tumors. 20092751609
[significance of teaching social welfare in nursing training]. 20092632889
successful implantation of penile prostheses in organ transplant patients.we present our experience with implantation of penile prostheses in 6 organ transplant recipients, including 2 patients after renal transplantation and 4 patients after cardiac transplantation. we have seen no problems related to prosthesis surgery in this patient population, and in particular have experienced no infectious complications. all patients received strict perioperative antibiotic and steroid coverage. we conclude that erectile impotence in the male organ transplant patient can be suc ...20092648658
conservation in the face of diversity: multistrain analysis of an intracellular bacterium.with the recent completion of numerous sequenced bacterial genomes, notable advances have been made in understanding the level of conservation between various species. however, relatively little is known about the genomic diversity among strains. we determined the complete genome sequence of the florida strain of anaplasma marginale, and near complete (>96%) sequences for an additional three strains, for comparative analysis with the previously fully sequenced st. maries strain genome.200919134224
anaplasma marginale infection in a japanese black cow 13 years after eradication of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in okinawa, japan.in october 2007, a 15-year-old japanese black cow on ishigaki island, okinawa, japan, was diagnosed with anaplasma marginale infection based on clinical symptoms, blood examination, smear observation, 16s rrna and groel gene sequence analysis, and the result of a cf test. the cow was introduced into the farm from mainland japan as a calf in 1993, one year before the eradication of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, the main vector of a. marginale in okinawa prefecture. it is possible that the ...200919135309
propagation of a brazilian isolate of anaplasma marginale with appendage in a tick cell line (bme26) derived from rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus.anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne pathogen of cattle responsible for the disease anaplasmosis. data suggest that rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and r. annulatus may be the major tick vectors of a. marginale in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. in this work we demonstrated the first infection and propagation of a brazilian isolate of a. marginale (ufmg1) in the bme26 cell line derived originally from embryos of r. (boophilus) microplus. the establishment of a. marginale infect ...200919150177
independence of anaplasma marginale strains with high and low transmission efficiencies in the tick vector following simultaneous acquisition by feeding on a superinfected mammalian reservoir host.strain superinfection occurs when a second pathogen strain infects a host already carrying a primary strain. anaplasma marginale superinfection occurs when the second strain carries a variant repertoire different from that of the primary strain, and the epidemiologic consequences depend on the relative efficiencies of tick-borne transmission of the two strains. following strain superinfection in the reservoir host, we tested whether the presence of two a. marginale (sensu lato) strains that diff ...200919188360
prevalence of anaplasma marginale in different tick species from ngorongoro crater, tanzania.in 2001, ngorongoro crater was infested with high density of ticks on grassland, livestock and wildlife which was also associated with high mortality. adult ticks were collected, identified, processed for nucleic acids extraction and a molecular analysis was performed to determine the range of tick species harboring anaplasma marginale. the real-time pcr was used in the amplification of rickettsia dna in tick pools (n=527) from 11 identified tick species. six tick species were detected with a. m ...200919201099
genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale in argentina.bovine anaplasmosis caused by anaplasma marginale is a worldwide major constraint to cattle production. the a. marginale major surface protein 1 alpha (msp1alpha) gene contains a variable number of tandem repeats in the amino terminal region and has been used for the characterization of pathogen genetic diversity. this study reports the first characterization of a. marginale genetic diversity in argentina based on msp1alpha genotypes and its putative relationship with rhipicephalus (boophilus) m ...200919285808
comparative moleculo-immunological analysis of swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes responses.this moleculo-epidemiological and immunological study through cytokine response assessment was done to know the dynamics of cytokines in the initiation, persistence and association to physiological changes of a particular pathogen in water buffaloes. this is important to understand the magnitude and behavior of disease progression. water buffalo blood samples gathered from different places in the philippines revealed a 9.4%, 27.6%, 10.3% and 4.4% prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), ...200919285880
seroprevalence estimation and management factors associated with high herd seropositivity for anaplasma marginale in commercial dairy farms of puerto rico.a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine individual cow seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in adult lactating dairy cattle of puerto rico (pr) and to assess the associations of farm management factors on herd seroprevalence. antibody activity against a. marginale was determined using the msp-5 competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. serum samples were obtained from 2,414 adult lactating dairy cattle from 76 randomly selected commercial dairy farms. herd seroprevalence ranged ...200919337849
ticks and tick-borne pathogens from wildlife in the free state province, south africa.eight ixodid tick species, associated with 59 free-ranging mammals belonging to 10 species, were collected at five different localities in the free state province, south africa. four of the study areas were nature reserves (willem pretorius, sandveld, tussen-die-riviere, and soetdoring), and one site was a private farm located in senekal district. the collection was performed from march 2006 until june 2006. ticks (n=569) and tissues from animals (n=52) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction ...200919395753
first report of trypanosoma vivax infection in dairy cattle from costa rica.an outbreak of haemoparasitoses occurred from october 2007 to july 2008 in cattle from the district of rio cuarto, province of alajuela, costa rica. fifty animals of various ages out of 450 brown swiss were affected. the animals presented fever, severe anemia, jaundice, abortion or premature birth, loss of appetite, decrease milk production and accentuated weight loss in a short period of time. haemoparasites were observed in the blood smears: anaplasma marginale was present in 17 animals (60.7% ...200919414224
generation of antigenic variants via gene conversion: evidence for recombination fitness selection at the locus level in anaplasma marginale.multiple bacterial and protozoal pathogens utilize gene conversion to generate antigenically variant surface proteins to evade immune clearance and establish persistent infection. both the donor alleles that encode the variants following recombination into an expression site and the donor loci themselves are under evolutionary selection: the alleles that encode variants that are sufficiently antigenically unique yet retain growth fitness and the loci that allow efficient recombination. we examin ...200919487473
[seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in cattle from center-south region of paraná state, brazil by a competitive elisa test with recombinant msp5-pr1 protein].anaplasma marginale prevalence was determined in 223 sera samples in 2-year old or older cattle, from the center-southern region of the paraná state, including ponta grossa, guarapuava and laranjeiras do sul municipalities. a survey of antibodies igg class against anaplasma marginale was performed through a competitive immune absorbent assay (celisa-pr1). from the 223 sera examined, 130 (58.74%) reacted to celisa-pr1 test, suggesting an region of enzootic instability, with a significant percenta ...200919500456
validation and field assessment of a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of bovine antibody to anaplasma marginale.the lateral flow assay (lfa) is a rapid diagnostic test which may be performed under most conditions and is especially useful for field applications. this type of assay was applied to the detection of antibody to bovine anaplasma marginale using sera from endemic areas and from areas which have been free from infection for more than 25 years. briefly, the test uses recombinant a. marginale major surface protein 5 peptide (msp5), immobilized on a cellulose acetate membrane. a serum sample is adde ...200919591044
[cloning, expression, molecular characterization of the msp5 protein from pr1 strain of anaplasma marginale and its application in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent test].a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent test using the pr1 recombinant major surface protein 5 (rmsp5-pr1-elisa) of anaplasma marginale was standardized and validated using sera from anaplasmosis free and endemic regions. the sequencing of the msp5 gene of pr1 isolate showed 98% of identity with the florida and saint maries isolates, 97% with brazil (pernambuco) and havana isolates; and 91% with a. centrale. the celisa-pr1 test was compared to ifi and celisa-usa. for the standardization and va ...200919602309
silencing of genes involved in anaplasma marginale-tick interactions affects the pathogen developmental cycle in dermacentor variabilis.the cattle pathogen, anaplasma marginale, undergoes a developmental cycle in ticks that begins in gut cells. transmission to cattle occurs from salivary glands during a second tick feeding. at each site of development two forms of a. marginale (reticulated and dense) occur within a parasitophorous vacuole in the host cell cytoplasm. however, the role of tick genes in pathogen development is unknown. four genes, found in previous studies to be differentially expressed in dermacentor variabilis ti ...200919607704
anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale elicit different gene expression responses in cultured tick cells.the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) includes obligate tick-transmitted intracellular organisms, anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale that multiply in both vertebrate and tick host cells. recently, we showed that a. marginale affects the expression of tick genes that are involved in tick survival and pathogen infection and multiplication. however, the gene expression profile in a. phagocytophilum-infected tick cells is currently poorly characterized. the objectives o ...200919636428
'nothing is permanent but change'- antigenic variation in persistent bacterial pathogens.pathogens persist in immunocompetent mammalian hosts using various strategies, including evasion of immune effectors by antigenic variation. among highly antigenically variant bacteria, gene conversion is used to generate novel expressed variants from otherwise silent donor sequences. recombination using oligonucleotide segments from multiple donors is a combinatorial mechanism that tremendously expands the variant repertoire, allowing thousands of variants to be generated from a relatively smal ...200919709057
phylogeographic analysis reveals association of tick-borne pathogen, anaplasma marginale, msp1a sequences with ecological traits affecting tick vector performance.the tick-borne pathogen anaplasma marginale, which is endemic worldwide, is the type species of the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae). rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is the most important tick vector of a. marginale in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. despite extensive characterization of the genetic diversity in a. marginale geographic strains using major surface protein sequences, little is known about the biogeography and evolution of a. marginale and other a ...200919723295
cloning, expression, and characterization of the msp1a and msp1b recombinant proteins from pr1 anaplasma marginale strain, brazil.the anaplasma marginale is a bacterium that has obligate intraerythrocytic multiplication in cattle causing important economic loss. the a. marginale major surface protein 1 (msp1) complex, heterodimer composed of msp1a and msp1b, has been identified as adhesins for bovine erythrocytes. the objectives of this study were to sequences the msp1beta gene and produce and characterize recombinant msp1a and msp1b from a brazilian strain of a. marginale, pr1. the msp1alpha and msp1beta genes from the pr ...200918603273
quantitative differences in salivary pathogen load during tick transmission underlie strain-specific variation in transmission efficiency of anaplasma marginale.the relative fitness of arthropod-borne pathogens within the vector can be a major determinant of pathogen prevalence within the mammalian host population. strains of the tick-borne rickettsia anaplasma marginale differ markedly in transmission efficiency, with a consequent impact on pathogen strain structure. we have identified two a. marginale strains with significant differences in the transmission phenotype that is effected following infection of the salivary gland. we have proposed competin ...200918955472
pcr-based detection of blood parasites in cattle and adult rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks.to ascertain the infection rate for tick-borne pathogens in zambia, an epidemiological survey of theileria parva, babesia bigemina and anaplasma marginale in traditionally managed sanga cattle was conducted using pcr. of the 71 native zambian cattle, 28 (39.4%) were positive for t. parva, 16 (22.5%) for b. bigemina and 34 (47.9%) for a. marginale. the mixed infection rate in cattle was 8.5% (6/71), 16.9% (12/71), 7.0% (5/71) and 2.8% (2/71) for t. parva/b. bigemina, t. parva/a. marginale, b. big ...200918700182
experimental transmission of field anaplasma marginale and the a. centrale vaccine strain by hyalomma excavatum, rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus ticks.the cattle rickettsia anaplasma marginale is distributed worldwide and is transmitted by about 20 tick species, but only rhipicephalus simus, a strictly african tick species, has been shown to transmit the vaccine strain of a. centrale. the aim of the present study was to examine transmission of field strains of a. marginale and of the vaccine strain of a. centrale by three tick species -hyalomma excavatum, rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus - to susceptible calves. ...200918823724
genetic diversity of major surface protein 1a of anaplasma marginale in beef cattle.the present study was aimed to demonstrate genotypic diversity of anaplama marginale in infected beef herds grazing within anaplasmosis endemic regions. the genotypic diversity was identified among different herds, within each herd, and also within single animals. the israeli strains revealed unique characteristics of msp1a repeats and, in addition to the published repeats, six new tandem repeats designated is1-5, and is9 were identified. the superinfections of individual anaplama centrale vacci ...200919081688
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