Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cefotetan: a review of the microbiologic properties and antimicrobial spectrum. | cefotetan (formerly ici 156834 and ym09330) is a 7-methoxy cephalosporin possessing some advantageous antimicrobial spectrum, safety, and pharmacokinetic characteristics compared with other so-called second-generation cephalosporins. the published literature was reviewed and the cefotetan quantitative susceptibility testing data from nearly 31,000 isolates was tabulated. against 15,769 enteric bacilli, cefotetan was observed to have a potency and spectrum more closely resembling a third-generati ... | 1988 | 3287964 |
| carumonam's in-vitro activity against gram-negative bacteria and its stability to their beta-lactamases. | the in vitro activity of the novel monobactam carumonam (ro17-2301) was evaluated on 311 gram-negative clinical isolates in comparison to aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefotetan and ceftriaxone. carumonam showed an antibacterial potency equal to or higher than any other reference compound; in particular it was the most effective against proteus indole positive and klebsiella sp. its antipseudomonal activity was comparable to that of ceftazidime and it showed, together with aztreonam, the h ... | 1988 | 3288365 |
| comparative in vitro activity of amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin), ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against hospital strains of gram-negative and -positive bacteria. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin), ceftazidime and ceftriaxone were compared against 330 gram-negative and gram-positive strains isolated from clinical specimens received at the king abdulaziz university hospital (kauh) in saudi arabia. the antibacterial susceptibility was determinated by stokes method and by the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) using an agar dilution method. ceftazidime and ceftriaxone were the most active antibiotics, inhibiting ... | 1988 | 3293818 |
| clinical isolate of citrobacter freundii highly resistant to new quinolones. | about 30% of 150 recent clinical isolates of citrobacter freundii were resistant to greater than or equal to 3.13 micrograms of norfloxacin and ofloxacin per ml. study of one quinolone-resistant strain for which the norfloxacin mic was 100 micrograms/ml suggested that resistance was associated with both an altered a subunit of dna gyrase and reduction in drug uptake accompanied by a decrease in an outer membrane protein. | 1988 | 2843087 |
| tyrosine phenol-lyase from citrobacter intermedius. factors controlling substrate specificity. | l-amino acids are competitive inhibitors of tyrosine phenol-lyase from citrobacter intermedius. for non-branched amino acids the correlation exists between -rtlnki and side-chain hydrophobicity. aspartic and glutamic acids are anomalously potent inhibitors taking into account low hydrophobicity of their side chains. this suggests the presence of an electrophilic group in the active site which interacts with the terminal carboxylic group of aspartic or glutamic acids. tyramine, beta-phenylethylam ... | 1988 | 2847927 |
| chromosome-encoded beta-lactamases of citrobacter diversus. interaction with beta-iodopenicillanate and labelling of the active site. | both forms of the chromosome-encoded beta-lactamase of citrobacter diversus react with beta-iodopenicillanate at a rate characteristic of class a beta-lactamases. the active site of form i was labelled with the same reagent. the sequence of the peptide obtained after trypsin hydrolysis is identical with that of a peptide obtained in a similar manner from the chromosome-encoded beta-lactamase of klebsiella pneumoniae. | 1988 | 2848500 |
| beta-lactamase inhibition by acetylmethylene penicillanic acid compared to that of clavulanate and sulbactam. | the beta-lactamase inhibitory properties of 6-acetylmethylene penicillanic acid (6-ampa) were investigated and compared with those of other beta-lactamase inhibitors. 6-ampa inhibited the tem-1, tem-2, shv-1, pse-1, pse-2, pse-3, pse-4, oxa-2, oxa-3, and staphylococcus aureus beta-lactamases. it also inhibited the chromosomally-mediated beta-lactamases of the richmond-sykes type ia, ic and id type and the type iv klebsiella enzymes. beta-lactamases of branhamella catarrhalis and bacteroides frag ... | 1988 | 2850139 |
| the distribution and divergence of dna sequences related to the tn21 and tn501 mer operons. | the mercury resistance (mer) operons of the gram-negative bacterial transposons, tn21 and tn501, are phenotypically indistinguishable and have extensive dna identity. however, tn21 mer has an additional coding region (merc) in the middle of the operon which is lacking in tn501 and there is also a discrete region of the mercuric ion reductase gene (mera) which differs markedly between the two operons. dna fragment probes were used to determine the distribution of specific mer coding regions in tw ... | 1988 | 2853392 |
| a selection cartridge for rapid detection and analysis of spontaneous mutations including insertions of transposable elements in enterobacteriaceae. | we present a method that allows positive selection and rapid analysis of mutations in enterobacteriaceae. mutations are detected in a 2630 bp selection cartridge inserted in two different bacterial multicopy plasmid vectors. spontaneous mutations in escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii include insertions, deletions and point mutations. the small size of the target sequence facilitates rapid analysis of dna rearrangements by cleavage with restriction enzymes and of any ... | 1988 | 2853830 |
| cloning and sequencing of a gene encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase from an r factor of citrobacter diversus. | the aaca1 gene, which encodes a 6'-n-acetyltransferase [aac(6')-i] mediating resistance to kanamycin, tobramycin, and amikacin, was cloned from the citrobacter diversus r plasmid pbwh100 into the escherichia coli vector pbr322. the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene and flanking regions was determined. a protein of approximately 21 kilodaltons was identified when the chimeric plasmid encoding the aaca1 gene was introduced into e. coli maxicells. this value is consistent with the size predi ... | 1988 | 2826403 |
| development and testing of invasion-associated dna probes for detection of shigella spp. and enteroinvasive escherichia coli. | genetic determinants of the invasive phenotype of shigella spp. and enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec), two common agents of bacillary dysentery, are encoded on large (180- to 210 kilobase), nonconjugative plasmids. several plasmid-encoded antigens have been implicated as important bacterial ligands that mediate the attachment and invasion of colonic epithelial cells by the bacteria. selected invasion plasmid antigen (ipa) genes have recently been cloned from shigella flexneri serotype 5 int ... | 1988 | 2830310 |
| purification of citrobacter freundii dna gyrase and inhibition by quinolones. | dna gyrase is a bacterial enzyme which catalyzes the atp-dependent negative supercoiling of dna. it is the accepted target of quinolones. the enzyme from citrobacter freundii iid976 was purified by affinity chromatography on novobiocin-sepharose and heparin-sepharose. it had two subunits, designated a and b, which closely resembled those of the enzyme from escherichia coli and micrococcus luteus in enzymatic requirements. the inhibitory effects of the quinolones on the supercoiling activities of ... | 1988 | 2831810 |
| distribution and diversity of hsd genes in escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria. | we screened salmonella typhimurium, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae, shigella boydii, and many isolates of escherichia coli for dna sequences homologous to those encoding each of two unrelated type i restriction and modification systems (ecok and ecoa). both k- and a-related hsd genes were identified, but never both in the same strain. s. typhimurium encodes three restriction and modification systems, but its dna hybridized only to the k-specific probe which we know to identify the s ... | 1988 | 2832380 |
| lipid a precursor from pseudomonas aeruginosa is completely acylated prior to addition of 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate. | inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (lps) synthesis in pseudomonas aeruginosa at the stage of incorporation of 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate (kdo) caused accumulation of a lipid a precursor which contained all of the fatty acids present on the lipid a of mature lps. the enzyme ctp:cmp-3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (cmp-kdo synthetase) from p. aeruginosa is inhibited by the kdo analog alpha-c-[1,5-anhydro-8-amino-2,7,8-trideoxy-d-manno-octopyranosyl] carboxylate (i), and i is effe ... | 1988 | 2833499 |
| sequence analysis, expression, and conservation of escherichia coli uracil dna glycosylase and its gene (ung). | the complete nucleotide sequence of the escherichia coli ung gene is described. transcription initiation and termination sites were determined by s1 nuclease and rnase mapping. the common prokaryotic -35, -10, and the ribosome binding site sequences are represented by tgttctgta, taagcta, and aggagag at their respective locations. a putative hairpin transcription terminator structure is present at the major transcription terminator sites. the open reading frame of the ung gene codes for a protein ... | 1988 | 2836397 |
| specific insertion and deletion of insertion sequence 1-like dna element causes the reversible expression of the virulence capsular antigen vi of citrobacter freundii in escherichia coli. | citrobacter freundii strain wr7004 reversibly expresses the virulence capsular antigen vi, whose production is controlled by two distinct chromosomal loci, viaa and viab. the rate of oscillation between the vi-producing (vi+) state and the vi-nonproducing (vi-) state in strain wr7004 ranges from 2 x 10(-4) to 7 x 10(-3) transitions per bacterium per generation. a similarly high conversion rate from vi+ to vi- occurs in escherichia coli hb101 harboring pwr127, a plasmid that contains the 18-kilob ... | 1988 | 2837765 |
| [activity of 9 beta-lactam antibiotics combined with clavulanic acid or sulbactam against the strains of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase (ctx-1) producing enterobacteriaceae isolated at the henri mondor hospital]. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of seven cephalosporins: cefotaxime (ctx), ceftriaxone (cro), ceftazidime (caz), latamoxef (mox), cefoxitin (fox), cefotetan (ctt) and cm 40876 (cm), of aztreonam (atm) and imipenem (ipm) were evaluated by agar dilution with and without 5 mg/l of clavulanic acid (ac) or sulbactam (sb) for 28 strains isolated in 1986 (15 k. pneumoniae, 3. k. oxytoca, 4 e. coli, 4 e. cloacae, 1 e. aerogenes and 1 c. freundii). comparatively to mics of sensitive strains and ... | 1988 | 3043338 |
| [current status of aminoglycoside resistance in hospital enterobacteriaceae]. | we studied the susceptibility of enterobacteriaceae to four aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin et amikacin). we determined their phenotypes of resistance by taking into account both the critic concentrations of the cfa (french committee for antibiogram) and the mic of the main susceptible population of each species. the most frequent phenotypes were gtnt, tnta and gtnta. amikacin resistance including phenotypes were essentially found in klebsiella and serratia (35% and 53% of th ... | 1988 | 3043339 |
| ceftazidime combined with mecillinam: serum bactericidal titres compared with in-vitro synergy against gram-negative bacilli. | in a study of the possible interaction between mecillinam and ceftazidime against gram-negative bacilli, ten volunteers received on separate days: ceftazidime 20 mg/kg iv in 15 min, mecillinam 10 mg/kg iv in 15 min, or the combination. blood samples were obtained before and 1 and 6 h after the end of the infusion. ten strains each of klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, salmonella spp. and yersinia spp. and nine strains each of acinetobacter spp., and pseudomonas aer ... | 1988 | 3045067 |
| citrobacter meningitis and brain abscess in infancy: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment. | 1988 | 3045279 | |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of apalcillin on aerobic bacteria and the regression curve]. | minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of apalcillin (apl) were evaluated by agar dilution on 1,201 bacterial strains isolated simultaneously in four university hospitals; agar diffusion tests (disks apl: 75 micrograms) were performed on these strains to establish relationship between mic and zone diameters. for enterobacteriaceae naturally non beta-lactamase-producing (e. coli and p. mirabilis), mode mic was 0.5 microgram/ml; some acquired penicillinase-producing strains were only inhibited b ... | 1988 | 3054743 |
| hydrolytic rate at low drug concentration as a limiting factor in resistance to newer cephalosporins. | hydrolysis kinetics of two cephalosporinases from citrobacter freundii and proteus vulgaris having different affinities for cefotaxime and ceftazidime was assessed in studies with cefotaxime, ceftazidime, bmy-28142, and imipenem. the two cephalosporinase genes were cloned into strains of escherichia coli. the production of these cephalosporinases in strains of e. coli, as well as in the derepressed mutants of c. freundii and p. vulgaris, caused a decrease in susceptibility to the newer cephalosp ... | 1988 | 3055173 |
| inducible beta-lactamases: clinical and epidemiologic implications for use of newer cephalosporins. | the emergence of resistance to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics is a major problem in patients infected with organisms that characteristically produce inducible beta-lactamases--e.g., species of pseudomonas, enterobacter, serratia, citrobacter, indole-positive proteus, and providencia. resistance has emerged in 14%-56% of patients infected with these organisms and treated with one of the newer cephalosporins. the emergence of resistance has been associated with clinical failure or relapse in 25% ... | 1988 | 3055176 |
| plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase (tem-7) involved in resistance to ceftazidime and aztreonam. | tem-7, a novel tem-type beta-lactamase (pi 5.41) encoded on a plasmid of approximately 85 kilobases, was found in a clinical isolate of citrobacter freundii. strains containing this enzyme exhibited decreased susceptibility to ceftazidime (64-fold) and aztreonam (16-fold) but not to other third-generation cephalosporins. addition of a beta-lactamase inhibitor--clavulanic acid, sulbactam, or ytr 830--restored normal susceptibility to associated compounds such as ampicillin, piperacillin, ceftazid ... | 1988 | 3055178 |
| plasmid-mediated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins caused by point mutations in tem-type penicillinase genes. | infections due to strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, and citrobacter freundii resistant to third-generation cephalosporins have been observed recently in france and the federal republic of germany. this resistance phenotype is due to the production of new plasmid-mediated, broad-substrate-range beta-lactamases designated tem-3 to tem-7. dna-dna hybridization analysis with a probe specific for tem-1 indicated that the corresponding genes blat-3 to blat-7 were variants of the stru ... | 1988 | 3055179 |
| citrobacter diversus endophthalmitis following penetrating keratoplasty. | 1988 | 3056016 | |
| [microorganisms isolated from urinary tract infection and their beta-lactamase production and evaluation of clinical efficacy of sulperazone]. | clinical survey of microorganisms isolated from urinary tract infection (uti) was carried out at the four major hospitals in mie prefecture from may to july, 1987, and production of beta-lactamase of the microorganisms was determined by the acidimetric method, "beta-checker". among the total of 460 strains isolated from urine samples, 135 of gram positive cocci and 325 of gram negative rods were contained. sixty percent of the gram negative rods and 14% of gram positive cocci produced beta-lacta ... | 1988 | 3057834 |
| influence of antibiotic therapy on faecal carriage of p-fimbriated escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria in neonates. | the influence of previous antibiotic therapy on the aerobic faecal flora, including p-fimbriated escherichia coli, was studied in 953 neonates at discharge from 22 neonatal wards in sweden. antibiotics, mainly ampicillin (with or without gentamicin) or cefuroxime, had been received by 37% of the infants. treatment with ampicillin (with or without gentamicin) increased klebsiella/enterobacter and reduced esch. coli colonization. cephalosporin therapy (71% cefuroxime) reduced the frequency of colo ... | 1988 | 3060462 |
| [isolation and characterization of gentamicin resistance plasmids of coliform bacteria from the waste water of a water treatment plant]. | gentamicin resistance coliforms detected continuously in raw and purified waste water samples of a sewage treatment plant made up less than 0.1% of all coliforms. 43.9%; 31.4%; 13.3% and 11.3% of gentamicin-resistant coliforms were identified as enterobacter, e. coli, klebsiella and citrobacter, respectively. r plasmids encoding a gentamicin resistance phenotype were isolated and characterized. they range between 55 and 60 md in size and belong to 3 incompatibility groups (incof, incm, inck). us ... | 1988 | 3066059 |
| bacteriological studies with ampicillin/sulbactam on selected strains of gram-negative bacteria. | antibacterial activity of sulbactam or ampicillin alone and in combination on ampicillin-resistant, beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria (citrobacter freundii and escherichia coli) was studied. inhibition of beta-lactamase activity by sulbactam was investigated using intact and disrupted cells. minimal inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin were high but decreased significantly in the presence of sulbactam. similar enzyme inhibition was observed with intact and disrupted bacterial ce ... | 1988 | 3067960 |
| taxonomic specificity of restriction-modification enzymes. | 1988 | 3074011 | |
| [microbiological analysis of well water samples in the rural areas near ankara]. | the water from wells and running water in different rural parts of ankara were analyzed microbiologically with the thought in mind that the use of unhealthy well water could cause infections, as shown in other cities. we found that of the 50 running water samples all (100%) were drinkable from the microbiological point of view regard to coliform bacteria and total germ count, while only 20 of the 150 well water samples (13.3%) met these standards. it was pointed out by the users that chlorinatio ... | 1988 | 3078793 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new oral cephalosporin cefixime. | cefixime was 8 to 10 times more active than cefaclor and augmentin against isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and salmonella typhi, mic90 values ranging from 0.06 to 0.25 micrograms/ml. however, none of these three drugs was particularly active against isolates of more resistant gram-negative bacilli such as enterobacter, serratia, citrobacter, acinetobacter, providencia and achromobacter spp. the lowest mic values for gram-negative bacilli were seen with ciprofloxacin, except f ... | 1988 | 3137053 |
| monoclonal antibodies which identify a genus-specific listeria antigen. | fifteen murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) which react specifically with a protein antigen found in all species of listeria were developed and characterized. these mabs were tested extensively by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot (immunoblot) analyses for cross-reaction with non-listeria organisms, such as staphylococcus, streptococcus, citrobacter, pseudomonas, and salmonella species, and were found to be nonreactive. the genus-specific antigen was identified as a heat-st ... | 1988 | 3137865 |
| bacteremic citrobacter freundii cellulitis associated with tub immersion in a patient with the nephrotic syndrome. | 1988 | 3140054 | |
| mechanism of inhibition of chromosomal beta-lactamases by third-generation cephalosporins. | the kinetic interactions of the beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae 908 r with ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime have been examined in detail. with all of these cephalosporins, there is an initial rapid reaction involving opening of the beta-lactam that then decreases to a slower steady-state rate (kss) of beta-lactam hydrolysis (at 37 degrees c: ceftriaxone, kss = 0.044 s-1; cefotaxime, kss = 0.033 s-1; ceftazidime, kss = 0.011 s-1). more than stoichiometric quantities of beta-lacta ... | 1988 | 3142012 |
| [susceptibility of clinically isolated strains to aztreonam]. | in vitro antibacterial activities of aztreonam (azt) and cephems against clinically isolated 334 strains were investigated. the results obtained in the study are summarized as follows: 1. azt showed excellent antibacterial activities against clinically isolated 334 strains. 2. azt showed potent activities against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus spp., enterobacter aerogenes and citrobacter freundii. 3. antibacterial activities of azt were superior against enterobacter cloacae, se ... | 1988 | 3145344 |
| in vitro activity of e-1040, a novel cephalosporin with potent activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the in vitro activity of e-1040 [(6r,7r)-3-[(4-carbamoyl-1-quinuclidinio)methyl]-7-[2-(5-amino-1,2 ,4- thiadiazol-3-yl)-(z)-2-methoxyiminoacetoamido]-8-oxo-5-thia- 1- azabicyclo(4,2,0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylate], a novel cephalosporin, was compared with that of ceftazidime, cefpirome, cefepime, imipenem, and gentamicin. e-1040 inhibited 50% of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and haemophilus and neisseria species at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml, and the m ... | 1988 | 3150915 |
| a conductance medium to distinguish between salmonella and citrobacter spp. | published methods for detecting salmonella by conductance methods yield some citrobacter spp. as false positives. a medium is described which, when used in conjunction with selenite-cystine/trimethylamine oxide/mannitol (sc/t/m) resolves this difficulty. it is based on the ability of salmonella to decarboxylate lysine in the presence of selenite (4 g/l), after pre-enrichment in buffered peptone water supplemented with glucose and lysine for 7-17 h. salmonella produced a conductance change of 250 ... | 1988 | 3152806 |
| failure of antisera to j5 and r595 rough mutants to reduce endotoxemic lethality. | rabbit antisera to j5 (rc) escherichia coli and r595 (re) salmonella minnesota rough mutants were selected for the highest content of hemagglutinating antibodies to their respective core glycolipids. despite titers of 1:2560 vs. j5 and 1:640 vs. r595 core glycolipids, the antisera failed to passively protect icr or cf-1 mice against lethality induced by endotoxins from a variety of wild-type, smooth enterobacteria: e. coli o111:b4, e. coli o127:b8, salmonella typhimurium, s. minnesota, and citro ... | 1988 | 2447200 |
| ribosomal-rna patterns of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium and related enterobacteriaceae. | rrna sequences are usually highly conserved among species. in enterobacteriaceae we have shown that salmonella typhimurium does not have an equivalent to the 23s rrna of escherichia coli but its 23s rrna is cleaved in vivo into two smaller species. this cleavage appears to be a result of a difference between the s. typhimurium and e. coli rrna sequences rather than to differences in ribonuclease activity. we have surveyed a wide range of enterobacteriaceae for the presence or absence of 23s rrna ... | 1988 | 2455809 |
| [the structure of o-specific polysaccharide chains of lipopolysaccharides from citrobacter 032 and salmonella arizonae 064 (arizona 29)]. | on the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation, smith degradation, selective cleavage with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, and 13c nmr analysis, the repeating unit of the o-specific polysaccharide of citrobacter o32 was concluded to have the following structure: (formula: see text). the repeating unit of the salmonella arizonae o64 o-specific polysaccharide has the same structure lacking the o-acetyl group. | 1988 | 2458736 |
| the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide chain from citrobacter o23-lipopolysaccharide. | the structure of citrobacter o23-specific polysaccharide has been shown by sugar and methylation analyses of the native and chemically degraded polysaccharide and by 1h- and 13c-n.m.r. spectroscopy to consist of the tetrasaccharide repeating-units: ----4)-alpha-d-man-(1----2)-alpha-d-man-(1----2)-beta-d-man- (1----3)-alpha-d-galnac-(1----, 80% of which are substituted by o-acetyl groups. | 1988 | 2463084 |
| the heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharides from citrobacter 023 serotype. | chemical studies on carbohydrate part of lipopolysaccharides isolated from citrobacter 87/57 and citrobacter 1556 strains (serotype 023) were carried out. lipopolysaccharides (lps) were hydrolyzed with 1% acetic acid and the carbohydrate material was fractionated on sephadex g-50 and bio-gel p-4 columns. all fractions obtained were subjected to chemical analysis by colorimetric methods and by gas-liquid chromatography. it was found that o-specific polysaccharide from lps 87/57 is composed of man ... | 1988 | 2467634 |
| [protective properties of vi-antigen preparations as dependent on their adhesin content]. | adhesins contained in the preparation of vi-antigen have been found to enhance its immunogenic and protective properties. in the preparations of vi-antigen obtained from salmonella typhi and citrobacter freundii the presence of two antigenic determinants has been revealed. one of them is associated with the vi-receptor and the other determinant, with adhesin. both determinants take part in the protection of mice from salmonella infection. | 1988 | 2469269 |
| effects of interferons, interferon inducers and growth factors on phagocytosis measured by quantitative determination of synthetic compound ingested by mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. | sodium salt of 9-oxo-10-acridineacetohydroxamic acid (hca), a new synthetic compound, forms small crystals in aqueous solution. these crystals were easily phagocytized by the mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. the ingested hca crystals were visible under light microscope as dark granules. the degree of phagocytosis was estimated by the spectroscopic measurements of absorption of ingested hca. about 10 day-old cultures of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages were found to be suitable for a s ... | 1988 | 2478100 |
| mobilization of r387 inc k conjugative plasmid by the conjugative plasmid r64 inc i. | plasmid aggregate (r387, r64) was constructed in e. coli k12 strain. plasmid r387 inc k was stimulated to conjugational transfer by plasmid r64 inc i. this stimulation was caused neither by recombination between both plasmids nor by trans-complementation of r387 conjugational systems by gene(s) product(s) of r64 plasmid. the observed phenomenon resembled rather mobilization of nonconjugative plasmids by conjugative ones. as in mobilization, the observed increase in r387 transfer frequency could ... | 1989 | 2482657 |
| genetic properties of plasmids isolated from pathogenic strain of citrobacter freundii. | it was found that citrobacter freundii slj10 strain was an etiological factor of swine diarrhoea in north poland. this strain harboured a plasmid aggregate consisting of two plasmids-pem4 responsible for virulence and pem6 for selective advantage of the strain, determining resistance to tetracycline and production of bacteriocin. these two plasmids cooperated in conjugal transfer and formed an infective block of genetic information, which could be transferred to other strains of enterobacteriace ... | 1989 | 2482661 |
| [gram-negative flora of horticultural produce destined for consumption mainly in the raw state]. | a survey has been carried out to evaluate the recovery of enterobacteriaceae in freshly consumed horticultural products. 64 samples of these vegetables random chosen in different stores in the general vegetable market of ferrara have been examined among the families of compositae (lettuce, prickly lettuce, cabbage lettuce, common chicory, artichoke), umbrelliferae (curly parsley, carrot, celery, fennel), cruciferae (garden cabbage, red radish), liliaceae (onion), and solanaceae (tomato). 654 bac ... | 1989 | 2483908 |
| effectiveness of single daily intraperitoneal administration of aztreonam and cefuroxime in the treatment of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). | to discover if the management of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) may be effectively simplified by single daily i.p. administration of aztreonam (a) and cefuroxime (c), 10 adult capd patients (pts) with peritonitis were trained to start the following treatment procedure: a) sterile collection of dialysate effluent for cultures; b) 4 rapid in-and-out exchanges with antibiotic free dialysate; c) addition of 2 g c and 2 g a to a 2-l exchange for 6-h dwell time (the sa ... | 1989 | 2488380 |
| [the rapid identification of e. coli by the detection of 3 enzymes]. | 232 isolates of gram-negative, oxidase-negative bacteria, isolated from various samples of different animal species, were tested with help of rapidec coli for the production of beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase and indole. the test correctly identified 164 of 175 e. coli strains (sensitivity 93.7%) and correctly indicated that 57 of 57 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae (7 citrobacter sp., 18 enterobacter sp., 16 klebsiella sp., 10 proteus sp., 2 providencia sp. and 4 salmonella sp.) ... | 1989 | 2497726 |
| evaluation of a disk approximation test of inducible beta-lactamases in enterobacteriacae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | a modified disk approximation test of inducible beta-lactamases in enterobacteriacae and pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated. the amount of inducer was adapted to produce the smallest possible zone of inhibition and the distance between the centre of the disks was standardized. among several beta-lactam antibiotic disks tested, imipenem (0.06 microgram per disk) or cefoxitin (10 micrograms per disk) placed at a distance of 14-16 mm from a cefotaxime disk (30 micrograms) most efficiently reveale ... | 1989 | 2497754 |
| activity of cefepime against ceftazidime- and cefotaxime-resistant gram-negative bacteria and its relationship to beta-lactamase levels. | one hundred clinical isolates resistant to ceftazidime and/or cefotaxime were examined for susceptibility to cefepime. the most frequently encountered ceftazidime-cefotaxime-resistant strains belonged to the genera enterobacter, pseudomonas, and citrobacter. among these strains, 92% were resistant to cefoperazone, 91% were resistant to cefotaxime, 84% were resistant to ceftazidime, and 6% were resistant to cefepime. of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae, 57% were resistant to ceftriaxo ... | 1989 | 2499250 |
| [determination of 3,4-dioxyphenyl-l-alanine by spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods in enzymatic synthesis using microbial cells]. | a possibility of using the ninhydrin reaction for 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (dopa) determining during the synthesis from pyrocatechol and ammonium pyruvate was verified by using free and immobilized cells of citrobacter freundii, st. 62. spectrophotometric assay was performed at the adsorption maximum for the dopa-ninhydrin complex at 390 nm. dopa can be reliably quantified in the presence of all components at 20-fold and greater dilution of the reaction mixture. a high-sensitive quantitativ ... | 1989 | 2500647 |
| microbiological quality and public health significance of ice-cream. | fifty samples of ice-cream were subjected to microbiological examination. of these 72% had total viable count over 10(6)/g while 66% had coliform count between 10(2)-10(3)/g. the micro-organisms isolated were escherichia coli (46%), enterobacter aerogenes (34%), staphylococcus aureus (26%), proteus species (16%), streptococcus faecalis (12%), citrobacter species (10%) and bacillus cereus (4%). the results showed that commercially prepared ice-cream sold in the market was not satisfactory for hum ... | 1989 | 2501524 |
| rapid impedance detection of salmonellas in confectionery using modified licnr broth. | a commercially available broth, with the addition of inhibitors, was used for the rapid impediometric detection of salmonellas in confectionery. pre-enrichment in skimmed milk was followed by lysine-iron-cystine-neutral red broth in a bactometer 123 system. results were obtained 3 d earlier than is possible with conventional microbiological tests. some false positives were obtained predominantly with citrobacter freundii, but this problem is also frequently encountered with traditional methods. ... | 1989 | 2502528 |
| the activity and reaction specificity of tyrosine phenol-lyase regulated by monovalent cations. | this work was aimed at studying the effect of monovalent inorganic cations (li+, na+, k+, rb+, cs+, nh+4) on the catalytic and spectral characteristics of tyrosine phenol-lyase from citrobacter intermedius. these cations were shown to influence the proportion of the beta-elimination reaction rate to the rate of side transamination reaction. most of the monovalent cations are non-competitive activators of the beta-elimination reaction; li+ exerts no effect on the enzyme activity in this reaction; ... | 1989 | 2503062 |
| detection of extended broad-spectrum beta-lactamases in enterobacteriaceae in four french hospitals. | in 210 strains of enterobacteriaceae which were isolated in four hospitals and which showed reduced susceptibility to cefotaxime, high synergy was demonstrated between amoxicillin (20 micrograms) + clavulanate (10 micrograms) and cefotaxime (30 micrograms) using a simple double-disk test. isoelectric focusing on gel and specific iodometric detection using ceftriaxone identified four extended broad-spectrum beta-lactamases (isoelectric points 7.6, 6.3, 7.0 and 5.9) produced by the strains. | 1989 | 2504594 |
| urinary tract infection. | over two years, 9892 mid-stream urine samples from patients attending the aga khan university hospital, karachi were cultured. significant bacterial growth was seen in 23.5% samples. further identification of these organisms revealed 40% of e. coli, 16% pseudomonas aeruginosa, 11% klebsiella aerogenes, 5.0% enterobacter sp., 13% proteus sp., 4.0% serratia liquifaciens, 1.0% acinetobacter sp., 3.0% citrobacter sp., 4.0% enterococci, 0.5% staphylococcus aureus. results of sensitivity tests perform ... | 1989 | 2504948 |
| high-level expression of the colicin a lysis protein. | two plasmids that overproduce the colicin a lysis proteins, cal, are described. plasmid at1 was constructed by a deletion in the colicin a operon, which placed the cal gene near a truncated caa gene in such a way that both gene products wer synthesized at high levels following induction. plasmid ck4 was constructed by insertion of the cal gene downstream from the tac promoter of an expression vector. overproduction of cal was obtained after mitomycin c induction of pat1 cells and after iptg indu ... | 1989 | 2505057 |
| synergy of fluoroquinolones with other antimicrobial agents. | synergy resulting from the combination of ciprofloxacin and an antipseudomonal penicillin has been reported for 20%-50% of isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa. a similar effect has also been reported for the combination of ciprofloxacin and fosfomycin. in contrast, the combination of quinolones and aminoglycosides rarely showed synergy when tested against p. aeruginosa. most studies have shown that the combination of beta-lactams or aminoglycosides with quinolones is indifferent against escherich ... | 1989 | 2505355 |
| in vitro activity of pd 117596-2, a broad-spectrum difluoroquinolone. | the activity of pd 117596-2, a novel quinolone, was compared to that of other quinolones, ceftazidime, imipenem and gentamicin. pd 117596-2 inhibited most enterobacteriaceae at concentrations less than 0.25 micrograms/ml, being equal or superior in activity to ciprofloxacin and 2- to 4-fold more active than ofloxacin. it inhibited ceftazidime-resistant enterobacter spp., citrobacter spp. and serratia marcescens. the mic90 for pseudomonas aeruginosa, including strains with imipenem mics of 8 micr ... | 1989 | 2506029 |
| characterization of the salmonella paratyphi c vi polysaccharide. | the vi capsular polysaccharide (vi) is both a virulence factor and a protective antigen of salmonella typhi; its pathogenic role for salmonella paratyphi c is less well understood. we found no differences between the antigenic and immunogenic properties and the structure of the vi from representative strains of s. paratyphi c, s. typhi, and citrobacter freundii. there were, however, differences in both the amount produced per cell and the degree of association with the cell among the vi from the ... | 1989 | 2506132 |
| [susceptibility of clinical isolates to aztreonam]. | in vitro antibacterial activities of 9 antibiotics including aztreonam (azt) against clinically isolated gram-negative bacteria were determined using mic-2000 plus system. bacteria were isolated from clinical materials in saga medical school during a period from may 1987 to march 1988. summarized results were as follows: 1. azt showed excellent antibacterial activities against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus sp. and haemophilus influenzae, and mic80 values of azt against these o ... | 1989 | 2507799 |
| [study on bacterial infection by the investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility of various clinical isolates. iii. comparison of drug susceptibility between the isolates from the materials of out- and in-patients, and among the isolates from the materials of different hospital units]. | antimicrobial agents susceptibility of 42, 940 strains of clinical isolates (from 1979 to 1986) were investigated and the data were analyzed on the basis of the sources of isolates; materials from in- and out-patients or from the different hospital units. bacteria studied were limited to the species of which isolates were 100 or more during 1979 to 1986. the following results were obtained. i) when the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates from the out-patient-materials were compared with th ... | 1989 | 2509589 |
| sensitization of alveolar macrophages to lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin synthesis by exogenous prostaglandins. | rabbit alveolar macrophages were found to produce extraordinary amounts of prostaglandin e2 and f2 alpha with the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide or lipid a. exogenous prostaglandin e2 greatly enhanced the lipopolysaccharide action on rabbit alveolar macrophages for the induction of prostaglandin f2 alpha release (3-5 fold), while prostaglandin e2 alone did not cause any effect. the enhancement expressed was especially strong when prostaglandin e2 was administered to the cells simultaneously w ... | 1989 | 2511848 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new carbapenem sm-7338. | the in vitro activity of the new carbapenem sm-7338 was tested in comparison with imipenem, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, flomoxef, cefuzonam and cefmetazole against 2850 clinical bacterial isolates. sm-7338 showed good activity against a broad spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. sm-7338 was very active against gram-negative bacteria, inhibiting all enterobacteriaceae, except 25% of serratia marcescens isolates, at a concentration of 0.78 mg/l. sm-7338 inhibited the majority of pseu ... | 1989 | 2512140 |
| in vitro activity of dactimicin, a novel pseudodisaccharide aminoglycoside, compared with activities of other aminoglycosides. | the in vitro activity of dactimicin, a new pseudodisaccharide aminoglycoside which possesses a formimidoyl group, was compared with those of gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin against 500 isolates. dactimicin inhibited 90% of isolates from the family enterobacteriaceae at a concentration of less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml. it was more active than amikacin against klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, citrobacter diversus, enterobacter agglomerans, yersinia species, and salmonella s ... | 1989 | 2514625 |
| functioning of the colicin a lysis protein is affected by triton x-100, divalent cations and edta. | the colicin a lysis protein, cal, is synthesized at the same time as colicin a by escherichia coli harbouring plasmid pcola after induction by mitomycin c. its function in the induced bacteria involves the release of colicin a, quasi-lysis, the death of the producing cells and the activation of the outer membrane phospholipase a. we have found that these various functions are affected differently by treatment of the induced cells with triton x-100, divalent cations or edta. triton x-100 and edta ... | 1989 | 2515250 |
| do inert beta-lactamase inhibitors act as synergizers of beta-lactam antibiotics? utility of boric and boronic acids. | boric and boronic acids were used as inhibitors of beta-lactamases produced by two citrobacter diversus strains and by one strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa; all strains were clinical isolates. the beta-lactamases produced by the two citrobacter diversus strains were inhibited by both borates and boronates, using cephazolin as substrate. the enzyme from pseudomonas aeruginosa was inhibited only by boronates, using benzylpenicillin as substrate. these inhibitors were also used in combination with ... | 1989 | 2515261 |
| [activity of 5 fluoroquinolones on hospital gram-negative bacilli with different sensitivities to pefloxacin]. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of 5 fluoroquinolones, fleroxacin (fle), ciprofloxacin (cip), ofloxacin (ofl), enoxacin (eno) and norfloxacin (nor) have been determined by the agar dilution method towards 140 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa) and 146 enterobacteriaceae showing different sensitivities to pefloxacin (pef). the strains were isolated in 1988 at the bellevue hospital. the modal mic is 0.12 for cip, 0.25 for nor, 0.5 for ofl, and 1 for fle and eno when used on pa stra ... | 1989 | 2515519 |
| the microbial ecology of soybean soaking for tempe production. | soybeans soaked in tap water for 24 to 36 h at 20, 30 or 37 degrees c underwent a natural fermentation that was characterized by the growth of microorganisms to 10(8)-10(10) cfu/ml (depending on temperature) and a reduction of ph from 6.5 to 4.5. lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecium, staphylococcus epidermidis and streptococcus dysgalactiae dominated the fermentation but, significant contributions were also made by klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella ozaenae, enterobacter cloacae, enterobact ... | 1989 | 2518226 |
| citrobacter freundii in gram-negative folliculitis. | 1989 | 2521870 | |
| can the association of athymic mice (han:nmri-nu) with staphylococcus sciuri prevent infection with staphylococcus aureus? experiences from a field study. | an attempt was made to prevent the introduction of staphylococcus aureus into a newly established colony of han:nmri-nu mice by means of preassociation with the rodent-specific staphylococcus sciuri. despite the successful colonization of the mice with s. sciuri the establishment of s. aureus into the colony was not impeded, and abscesses were observed with an increasing frequency until the end of the study. random samples revealed the phage pattern 3a/3c/55/71 or very similar ones. a caretaker ... | 1989 | 2523626 |
| [efficiency of tazobactam as inhibitor of beta-lactamases, combined with piperacillin, against resistant strains to this penicillin]. | we studied the efficacy of tazobactam (ytr 830), a new beta-lactamase inhibitor in combination with piperacillin (p) against 198 enterobacteriaceae strains. a comparative study of susceptibility (mic determined on mueller hinton agar; inoculum 10(4) cfu) was made with the combination amoxicillin (a) + clavulanic acid (ca). of 181 strains resistant to p, 79.56% were susceptible to it in the presence of tazobactam (tz). the characteristics of the beta-lactamases of 37 strains resistant to p + tz ( ... | 1989 | 2541285 |
| in vitro activity of ytr 830. | ytr 830, now known as tazobactam, is a new penicillanic acid sulfone beta-lactamase inhibitor. the in vitro activity of ytr 830 combined with various penicillins was determined and compared to that of clavulanate and sulbactam combined with the same agents. combined with ampicillin or amoxicillin, all three inhibitors were active against beta-lactamase producing strains of staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella, citrobacter diversus, and all anaerobes except for bacteroides fr ... | 1989 | 2552029 |
| in vitro and in vivo efficacy of ytr-830h and piperacillin combinations versus beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. | ytr-830h, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, is a non-amino penicillanic sulfone. in vitro synergistic activity with piperacillin was determined for 226 beta-lactamase producing clinical cultures. combination of piperacillin: ytr in ratios of 2:1, 4:1, and 8:1 were highly effective vs escherichia coli, proteus, providencia, morganella, staphylococcus, and bacteroides. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of piperacillin were reduced from the resistant to susceptible range. the higher ratios were le ... | 1989 | 2552030 |
| comparative in vitro activities of piperacillin-tazobactam and ticarcillin-clavulanate. | the in vitro activities of ticarcillin, piperacillin, clavulanic acid, tazobactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and piperacillin-tazobactam against 819 bacterial isolates were compared. the two beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid and tazobactam, had little useful antibacterial activity but enhanced the activities of the penicillins against beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus; all strains were su ... | 1989 | 2552904 |
| a most memorable case. | 1989 | 2564820 | |
| hygienic status of food handlers. | the study demonstrated bacterial species on hands and nails of food-handlers before and after hand-washing. those were staphylococcus spp., streptococcus spp., micrococcus spp., bacillus spp., diphtheroid, aeromonas hydrophila, klebsiella pneumoniae, acinetobacter, enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, pseudomonas spp., proteus mirabilis, serratia spp., citrobacter freundii. before hand washing, each food-handler harboured one to eight bacterial species. after hand-washing (eight with water fr ... | 1989 | 2584903 |
| conservation of organization in the specificity polypeptides of two families of type i restriction enzymes. | we have identified the recognition sequence for the citrobacter freundii restriction endonuclease cfra, a member of the a-family of type i r-m enzymes. this bipartite target sequence differs in both its components from those of other type i enzymes. we determined the nucleotide sequence of its specificity gene (hsds) and a comparison of this with its relative ecoa identifies two extensive variable regions, an organization analogous to that found in the k-family of type i r-m enzymes. the specifi ... | 1989 | 2585490 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fk482, a new oral cephalosporin. | fk482 is an oral aminothiazolyl hydroxyimino cephalosporin with a c-3 vinyl group. its activity was compared with those of cephalexin, cefuroxime, cefixime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate. fk482 inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus isolates at 1 micrograms/ml and 90% of streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, and streptococcus pneumoniae isolates at less than or equal to 0.012 micrograms/ml, superior to cephalexin and cefuroxime and similar to cefixime. it did not inhibit oxacillin-resi ... | 1989 | 2589845 |
| mechanism of beta-lactamase inhibition: differences between sulbactam and other inhibitors. | three different types of beta-lactamases--tem-2 type penicillinase, a typical cephalosporinase of citrobacter freundii, and a proteus vulgaris cephalosporinase with broad substrate range--were studied to determine the inactivation and reactivation kinetics for beta-lactamase inhibitors of these enzymes. sulbactam, cloxacillin sulfone, clavulanic acid, imipenem, and aztreonam were evaluated. on the basis of the kinetic parameters a minimum scheme for the inactivation of these beta-lactamases by e ... | 1989 | 2591172 |
| clavulanate and beta-lactamase induction. | concern has been expressed that clavulanate can antagonize ticarcillin against enterobacteria and pseudomonads that have inducible expression of chromosomal 'class i' beta-lactamases. it is suggested that clavulanate-induced enzyme inactivates ticarcillin, which itself is a feeble inducer. we confirmed that this mechanism applied, showing that antagonism was abolished in beta-lactamase-basal mutants of inducible strains. antagonism has been reported in double disc tests with strains of pseudomon ... | 1989 | 2606817 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1986). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | changes in the susceptibility of various infectious microorganisms to antimicrobial agents from 1982 to 1986 were evaluated. the microorganisms investigated were escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., proteus spp., serratia marcescens and pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. we compared susceptibilities of microorganisms obtained from simple urinary tract infections with those from complicated infections with or without ind ... | 1989 | 2607604 |
| interaction of the pore-forming domain of colicin a with phospholipid vesicles. | the interaction of the 20-kda pore-forming domain of colicin a with phospholipid vesicles was investigated by gel permeation chromatography, analytical centrifugation, and electron microscopy. under the experimental conditions of this study, this peptide was found to interact only with vesicles containing negatively charged phospholipids. it forms a well-defined disklike complex with phosphatidylglycerols with a preference for those containing 12-14 atoms of carbon in their fatty acid chain. thi ... | 1989 | 2611210 |
| synthesis of a trisaccharide of the inner core region of citrobacter pcm 187 lipopolysaccharide that contains l-glycero-alpha-d-manno-heptopyranosyl units. | 1989 | 2611773 | |
| the beta-lactamases of citrobacter diversus and their hydrolysis kinetics for some structurally-related cephalosporins. | we measured the kinetics of hydrolysis of various cephalosporins by the chromosomally-encoded beta-lactamases of citrobacter diversus ula-27. cefonicid, cefamandole, cefatrizine and cefoperazone were all hydrolyzed but these antibiotics showed a different feature in their kinetic parameters. moreover, cefoperazone was a non-competitive inhibitor of this type of enzyme. cefotetan was stable to hydrolysis and behaved like a progressive inactivator. the ability of these enzymes to inactivate the re ... | 1989 | 2614506 |
| formate dependent nitrate and nitrite reduction to ammonia by citrobacter freundii and competition with denitrifying bacteria. | citrobacter freundii, paracoccus denitrificans and pseudomonas stutzeri were grown either singly or in mixed culture in anaerobic nitrate or nitrite limited chemostats with formate and/or succinate as electron donors and carbon sources. c. freundii reduced nitrate or nitrite stoichiometrically to ammonia. maximum molar growth yields for nitrate (nitrite) were 15.3 (9.9) g/mol for c. freundii on formate with succinate as carbon source, 15.3 (9.5) g/mol for ps. stutzeri on succinate and 32.3 (20.4 ... | 1989 | 2619287 |
| [normal microflora of the pharyngeal mucosa]. | aerobic microflora of the throat mucosa was studied in 518 healthy persons aged 1 to 50 years. on the basis of the study results, criteria for estimating microbiocenoses of the upper respiratory tracts were defined. it was shown that the throat symbiotic flora included three groups of microorganisms playing different roles in the development of microbiocenosis. the indigenous group consisted of representatives of streptococcus and neisseria and was characterized by permanent (90-100 per cent) an ... | 1989 | 2619405 |
| [determination of the mic of cefotetan against freshly isolated gram-negative bacilli]. | antimicrobial activities (mics) of cefotetan (ctt) against 575 strains of 16 spp. of gram-negative bacilli isolated in 1988 were determined to investigate distribution of mics in comparison with those of cefmetazole (cmz), cefoxitin (cfx), latamoxef (lmox) and cefazolin (cez). the change in frequencies of incidence of cephem-resistant strains in the latter half of the 1980 was also investigated. distribution of mic of ctt varied with test strains. no or very few mics were at or higher than 12.5 ... | 1989 | 2621779 |
| [clinical laboratory approach to estimating the effective administration dose of imipenem/cilastatin. evaluation of the disk susceptibility test and its interpretation system]. | in vitro activities of imipenem/cilastatin (ipm/cs) against 413 clinical isolates were studied through the evaluation of mics and the results of disk susceptibility tests. the mics were determined using the agar dilution method at an inoculum level of 10(6) cfu/ml. the mic80s of imipenem (ipm) against staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis were 25 and 1.56 micrograms/ml, respectively, showing a bimodal mic distribution. however, the distribution of mics against other bacteria studi ... | 1989 | 2621780 |
| [the characteristics of amino acid catabolism in bacteria of the genus citrobacter]. | the comparison of the occurrence of enzymes effecting the deamination of dicarbon, aromatic and oxyamino acids, as well as transamination enzymes, in citrobacter bacteria and the activity levels of these enzymes was made. the constant sign of such bacteria was the presence of serine and threonine dehydratase activity. 92% of the strains showed the presence of phenylalanine deaminase. no tryptophan activity was established. 96-98% of citrobacter strains possessed phenylalanine, tyrosine and trypt ... | 1989 | 2629427 |
| antimicrobial activity of dactimicin in vitro compared with that of dibekacin, netilmicin, sisomicin and micronomicin. | antimicrobial activity of dactimicin, a pseudo-disaccharide aminoglycoside antibiotic, was compared with those of dibekacin, netilmicin, sisomicin and micronomicin using clinical isolates of four gram-positive and sixteen gram-negative bacteria. dactimicin was more active than the reference amino-glycosides against serratia marcescens, especially gentamicin-resistant serratia sp., proteus vulgaris, p. rettgeri and klebsiella oxytoca, but less active against pseudomonas aeruginosa and p. mirabili ... | 1989 | 2632214 |
| hydrogen production from glucose by citrobacter freundii. | c. freundii, a member of enterobacteriaceae was isolated from nearby sewage and characterised. with optimum conditions, its hydrogen production capacity and efficiency was tested in synthetic medium containing glucose as carbon and energy source. c. freundii was grown in a 51 fermentor under batch anaerobic conditions. the total production of gas was 8.91 in the volumetric ratio of 63% h2 and 37% co2 in 11 hr from 30.8 g glucose. from 1 mole of glucose 1.286 mole of hydrogen was produced (yh2/s) ... | 1989 | 2632403 |
| [genetic determination of degradation of ampholytic surfactants]. | plasmid dna was detected in pseudomonas putida 141 and p. stutzeri at strains which caused destruction of the ampholytic surfactants alkylamino-bis-propionate (aabp) and amidobetaine, respectively. as was demonstrated using genetic analytic procedures, the plasmids controlled aabp and amidobetaine destruction. no plasmid dna was found in p. desmolytica c37 which caused cyclimide destruction or in pseudomonas sp. 1 and citrobacter freundii to strains responsible for aabp destruction. apparently, ... | 1989 | 2636974 |
| urinary tract infections in children. | from january 1981 to december 1987, 346 children with urinary tract infections, proved by urine culture, were admitted to the department of pediatrics, mackay memorial hospital. the ratio of male to female was 3.0 in children below 2 years, and 0.8 in children above 2 years, of age. the urine specimens were collected from suprapubic punctures in 281 cases (81.2%). fever was the most common clinical manifestation. in children below two years old, other common symptoms and signs were body weight l ... | 1989 | 2637602 |
| invasion of vero cells by salmonella species. | the invasiveness of salmonella strains for vero cells was studied by quantitative bacteriology; the technique was more sensitive than phase contrast microscopy. all of 59 salmonella strains, of 19 different serotypes, were more invasive than escherichia coli k12. three strains of shigella were as invasive as most of the salmonella strains whereas 29 strains of e. coli, two of proteus, three of klebsiella and one of serratia were much less invasive. two citrobacter strains exhibited intermediate ... | 1989 | 2643706 |
| characterization of a wide host range plasmid panv-6 from citrobacter diversus. | panv-6 is a 5.85 kb, streptomycin resistant, high copy number plasmid isolated from a multi drug resistant clinical isolate of c. diversus by transformation in escherichia coli c-600. the plasmid was very stable, noncurable and could not be amplified with chloramphenicol. it was non-conjugative among enterobacteriaceae hosts. plasmid was transferred by transformation to several gram negative and gram positive hosts. these included esch. coli, serratia marcescens, salmonella typhimurium, klebsiel ... | 1989 | 2644170 |
| amino acid sequence and length requirements for assembly and function of the colicin a lysis protein. | the roles of the various parts of the mature colicin a lysis protein (cal) in its assembly into the envelope and its function in causing "quasi-lysis," the release of colicin a, and the activation of phospholipase a were investigated. by using cassette mutagenesis, many missense mutations were introduced into the highly conserved portion of the lysis protein. in vitro mutagenesis was also used to introduce stop codons after amino acids 16 and 18 and a frameshift mutation at amino acid 17 of the ... | 1989 | 2644198 |