Publications

monoclonal antibodies specific for the outer surface protein a (ospa) of borrelia burgdorferi prevent lyme borreliosis in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice.	we have recently shown that viable borrelia burgdorferi organisms induce a chronic infection associated with arthritis and carditis in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice but not in immunocompetent mice. the disease is similar to that found in patients suffering from lyme disease. we now show that b. burgdorferi-specific immune mouse sera as well as a monoclonal antibody to the spirochetal outer surface antigen a (31 kda) but not monoclonal antibodies specific for the 41-kda antigenic c ...	1990	2339119
["insect bite" and borrelia].	a case of insect bite with a peculiar evolution is presented. the simultaneous inoculation of borrelia burgdorferi and the treatment are discussed.	1990	2340942
the borrelia burgdorferi flagellum-associated 41-kilodalton antigen (flagellin): molecular cloning, expression, and amplification of the gene.	monoclonal antibodies directed against the major borrelia burgdorferi flagellar protein, the 41-kilodalton (kda) protein flagellin, were used to monitor cloning and expression of the flagellin gene from a borrelia burgdorferi genomic library. the structure of the gene was analyzed, and recombinant nonfusion flagellin was produced in escherichia coli. a dna sequence analysis of the 41-kda flagellin gene revealed the presence of an open reading frame that encoded a protein having 336 amino acid re ...	1990	2341173
lyme disease in the dog.		1990	2343513
borrelia burgdorferi in the central nervous system: experimental and clinical evidence for early invasion.	intravenous injection into adult lewis rats of live borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of lyme disease, was followed by increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier. permeability was measured by the ratio of 125i-labeled albumin in cerebrospinal fluid to that in blood. permeability changes were dose-dependent, began 12 h after inoculation, and reversed within 1 week. only live, intravenously inoculated organisms produced impairment of the blood-brain barrier. a spirochetal strain-d ...	1990	2345299
oligoclonal borrelia burgdorferi-specific igg antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid in lyme neuroborreliosis.	cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and serum from 45 patients with lymphocytic meningoradiculitis were examined by isoelectric focusing combined with immunoblotting to detect borrelia burgdorferi-specific oligoclonal immunoglobulin g (igg) bands. in pretreatment samples, 35 patients (78%) showed b. burgdorferi-specific oligoclonal igg in csf indicative of intrathecal antibody production. at 2, 3-6, and 6 weeks after onset, respectively, such bands were present in 5 (42%) of 12, 21 (88%) of 24, and in all ...	1990	2345300
evaluation of the intrathecal antibody response to borrelia burgdorferi as a diagnostic test for lyme neuroborreliosis.	the intrathecal antibody response to borrelia burgdorferi was evaluated in american and west german patients with lyme neuroborreliosis. by an antibody capture enzyme immunoassay, 12 (92%) of 13 patients from the usa with lyme meningitis were found to have intrathecal antibody production to b. burgdorferi, usually of multiple isotypes, most commonly iga. of 12 patients with putative late central nervous system manifestations of lyme disease, 5 (42%) had local production of igg or iga spirochetal ...	1990	2345301
false-positive igm antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in indirect elisa as a result of igm rheumatoid factor.		1990	2345309
summary of the first 100 patients seen at a lyme disease referral center.	purpose and patients and methods: lyme disease is a major clinical problem in a number of endemic areas in the united states. in areas where anxiety about the disease is high, patients and physicians often ascribe clinical concerns to lyme disease. incorrect diagnosis often leads to unnecessary antibiotic treatment (often prolonged or repeated intravenous therapy). this report summarizes the cases of the first 100 patients referred to the lyme disease center at robert wood johnson medical school ...	1990	2346158
persistent atrioventricular block in lyme borreliosis.	cardiac manifestations are reported in 0.3%-4.0% of european patients with borrelia burgdorferi (b.b.) infection. usually symptoms disappear within 6 weeks. we report a case with persistent impairment of atrioventricular (av) conduction. diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of igm antibodies and increase of igg antibody titers against b.b. in serum, by isolation of the spirochete from skin biopsy material and by the typical clinical combination of erythema migrans, bannwarth syndrome (mening ...	1990	2348647
analysis of supercoiled circular plasmids in infectious and non-infectious borrelia burgdorferi.	linear plasmids are widely distributed in isolates of borrelia burgdorferi, but the prevalence of supercoiled circular (sc) plasmids has not been clearly established. enriching for sc plasmids on ethidium bromide density-gradients revealed that a low passage of strain sh-2-82 of b. burgdorferi has at least six sc plasmids (8.4, 8.8, 20, 26, 29 and 51 kb). in addition, several of the sc plasmids were observed by electron microscopy to form concatenated structures. because of the high incidence of ...	1990	2348778
survival of borrelia burgdorferi in human blood stored under blood banking conditions.	hematogenous dissemination of organisms occurs in many spirochetal diseases, including lyme disease and syphilis. although syphilis has been transmitted by transfusion, in the vast majority of cases, only fresh blood products were involved, in part because treponema pallidum survives poorly when refrigerated in citrated blood. because of the rising incidence of lyme disease in certain areas, whether its causative agent, borrelia burgdorferi, could survive under blood banking conditions was studi ...	1990	2349627
[granulomatous thrombophlebitis in lyme borreliosis--case report].	the presented case report shows a patient with lyme disease who also developed thrombophlebitis saltans. histopathologically we found a granulomatous perivasculitis, an immunohistological investigation showed deposits of igg, iga, igm, c3 and c4 in the vessels. antibody titers against borrelia burgdorferi were elevated, but no anti-cardiolipin antibodies were found. a pathogenetic correlation due to anti-phospholipid antibodies that have been found in thrombosis and borreliosis or a vasculitis v ...	1990	2351413
serologic analyses of cottontail rabbits for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in cottontail rabbits captured in millbrook, n.y., and new york, n.y. five antigenically variable strains of b. burgdorferi were analyzed to determine the variability of serologic test results. in analyses of 79 serum samples, seropositivity ranged from 56% for a strain cultured from kidney tissues of a cottontail rabbit to 68% for a strain isolated from a larva of ixodes dentatus, a tick that parasit ...	1990	2351732
histopathological findings in the central and peripheral nervous systems in neuroborreliosis. a report of three cases.	very little is known about tissue changes and pathophysiological mechanisms in garin-boujadoux-bannwarth syndrome. we report histopathological findings in the central and peripheral nervous systems of three typical cases. in the acute stage of the disease mononuclear perivascular infiltrations with mainly t-helper cells were the prominent finding, whereas after treatment there was no vessel involvement. the fibre changes in the peripheral nervous system consisted of axonal degeneration. no borre ...	1990	2355235
lyme disease in dogs.		1990	2356605
anti-tick antibodies: an epidemiologic tool in lyme disease research.	in 1988, antibodies to arthropod (ixodes dammini, dermacentor variabilis, and aedes aegypti) salivary gland proteins and to borrelia burgdorferi were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 53 high-risk outdoor workers from the new jersey department of environmental protection. lyme disease seropositives had significantly higher anti-i. dammini antibody levels than seronegative controls (p = 0.006). anti-b. burgdorferi antibody (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and anti-i. dammini ant ...	1990	2356814
articular involvement in european patients with lyme disease. a report of 32 italian patients.	lyme disease (ld) is a well recognized multisystem disorder, caused by the spirochaete borrelia burgdorferi. it involves the skin, nervous system and heart. arthritis is described in 50-60% of american patients but seems to be less common in europe. we studied the pattern of articular involvement in a group of 67 italian patients with ld. thirty-two (48%) of 67 had rheumatological manifestations. the prevalence of arthritis in our patients was 16/67 (24%), the remaining 16 experiencing only arth ...	1990	2357498
reactivity of european and american isolates of borrelia burgdorferi with different monoclonal antibodies by means of a microimmunoblot technique.	ten european and 3 north american isolates of borrelia burgdorferi were compared as to their reactivity with 9 mouse monoclonal antibodies (mma) to the type strain b. burgdorferi b31, and 1 mma directed against b. hermsii. a treponema pallidum strain was used for a genus-specific control. differences in the protein patterns of the european and the north american strains were mostly based on the absence of distinct ospa and ospb bands. the ospa mmas h 5332 and h 3ts were reactive with 3 european ...	1990	2360965
[encephalomyelitis with elevated serum antibody against borrelia burgdorferi].	a 60-year-old female was admitted because of intermittent fever, arthralgia, itching of whole body, pretibial edema, urinary incontinence, pain of both legs and gait disturbance, after an insect bite. on admission, she had fever of 38 degrees c, and nuchal pain and stiffness. neurological examination revealed spasticity of lower legs and increased deep tendon reflexes of all extremities. hyperesthesia and hyperalgesia were noted on c2-4 and l5-s5 areas. leukocyte count was 10,100/mm3 and crp was ...	1990	2364635
characterization of borrelia burgdorferi proteins reactive with antibodies in synovial fluid of a patient with lyme arthritis.	four borrelia burgdorferi proteins reactive with antibodies in the synovial fluid of a patient with lyme arthritis were characterized. homology between amino acid sequences of immunoreactive spirochetal proteins and human proteins, including members of the escherichia coli groel protein family, suggests that antigenic mimicry may play a role in the pathogenesis of lyme arthritis.	1990	2365463
[the infectiousness of ixodes persulcatus ticks with the causative agents of lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis simultaneously].	by means of individual bacteriological and virological investigations of adult ixodes persulcatus ticks and comparison of obtained results there has been established their simultaneous spontaneous infection with agents of lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis. a possible frequency of such mixed infection in these vectors is being discussed.	1990	2367143
borrelia burgdorferi infection: should one treat before confirming clinical diagnosis?		1990	2370207
prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis and lyme borreliosis in a defined swedish population.	sera from 346 individuals living on lisö, an area south of stockholm, endemic for tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) and lyme borreliosis, were tested for antibody activity to tbe-virus (tbev) and borrelia burgdorferi, using a sonicate antigen, by haemagglutination-inhibition and elisa, respectively. 10/346 (3%) individuals had a history of previous serologically confirmed tbe with encephalitic symptoms, and 33/346 (10%) had a history of previous erythema chronicum migrans (ecm). four individuals (1% ...	1990	2371545
aspects of the diagnosis of lyme borreliosis.	attempts were made to culture spirochetes from the cerebrospinal fluid of 105 patients with suspected lyme borreliosis with neurological complications. at the final evaluation, only 38 patients fulfilled the criteria of neuroborreliosis. spirochetes were cultured from the cerebrospinal fluid of four of these patients. all four had pleocytosis in their cerebrospinal fluid and a history of neurological symptoms of only four to ten days. two had no detectable antibodies in their cerebrospinal fluid ...	1990	2371553
borrelia burgdorferi: survival in experimentally infected human blood processed for transfusion.	the isolation of borrelia burgdorferi from blood raises the possibility of bloodborne transmission of lyme borreliosis through transfusions. to assess this possibility, the ability of b. burgdorferi to survive in human blood processed for transfusion was studied. human blood was inoculated with b. burgdorferi type strain b-31 (atcc 35210) at 0.2, 20, or 2000 viable cells/ml, processed by conventional blood banking procedures, stored at 4 degrees c, and cultured for b. burgdorferi at 12, 23, 36, ...	1990	2373880
[occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes ricinus in the netherlands].	in a 1989 surveillance to study the infection rate of ixodes ricinus ticks with borrelia burgdorferi, a total of 1838 nymphal and adult ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from 20 locations in the netherlands. by means of a culture method using modified barbour-kelly-stoenner medium nymphs were examined in pools of 4 and adults were examined individually. with 63 out of 75 isolates propagation and serological identification were possible. all of these 63 isolates were identified as borrelia burg ...	1990	2374615
lyme disease. employee education and treatment.	lyme disease is a complex multisystem disorder that begins with the bite from the ixodes tick. the ixodes tick carries the spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, and infects humans with the spirochete. the initial symptoms of lyme disease are the erythema chronicum migrans, or "bull's eye" rash, and flu-like symptoms. stage iii of lyme disease can occur weeks to months after the initial infection when more serious complications may develop, such as neurologic, cardiac, or ophthalmologic problems. if ...	1990	2375798
[infestation of ticks with borrelia burgdorferi and francisella tularensis in slovakia].	examination of ticks for the presence of f. tularensis resulted in the isolation of 29 strains, predominantly from the species d. reticulatus (19x), further from i. ricinus (8x) and from h. concinna (2x). the results confirmed the activity of the known endemic focus in the area of podunajské biskupice and revealed three new foci in the localities smolenice (district of trnava), olichov (district of nitra), and plást'ovce (district of levice). in the focus of podunajské biskupice the mean infesta ...	1990	2376012
[choriocapillaritis (so-called pigment epitheliitis) in borrelia burgdorferi seroconversion].	a significant b. burgdorferi seroconversion with an igm of 1:80 was observed in a patient complaining of loss of vision in his right eye. the finding correlated morphologically with hyperpigmentation and depigmentation in the macular region, similar to pigment epitheliitis or choriocapillaritis. in the course of the following four weeks the igm decreased by four titer steps. the visual acuity of the patient's right eye recovered from 0.4 on admission to 1.0 on discharge. the angiogram did not re ...	1990	2376946
simultaneous infection with an ehrlichia and borrelia burgdorferi in a child.		1990	2378481
cross-reactivity of nonspecific treponemal antibody in serologic tests for lyme disease.	serum samples obtained from 59 persons who had acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, periodontitis, syphilis, or lyme disease were tested against treponema phagedenis biotype reiter, treponema denticola, treponema vincentii, and treponema scoliodontum by indirect fluorescent-antibody staining methods. although there were positive reactions for sera representing each of these study groups and for 20 (13%) of 156 samples collected from the general population (premarital screening for syphilis), ...	1990	2380356
reactivity of human lyme borreliosis sera with a 39-kilodalton antigen specific to borrelia burgdorferi.	borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of lyme borreliosis, a spirochetal illness with a variety of acute clinical manifestations that may lead to debilitating neurological and arthritic complications. diagnosis is difficult because symptoms mimic a variety of unrelated clinical conditions, spirochetes cannot always be isolated from infected patients, and current serological tests are frequently inconclusive because of the presence of cross-reacting non-b. burgdorferi antibodies. to identif ...	1990	2380361
the 83-kilodalton antigen of borrelia burgdorferi which stimulates immunoglobulin m (igm) and igg responses in infected hosts is expressed by a chromosomal gene.	we report the cloning and characterization of a chromosomal gene from borrelia burgdorferi expressing an 83-kilodalton protein antigen in escherichia coli. the antigen reacted strongly with antisera from two human lyme disease patients. the chromosomal gene was expressed in a 6.5-kilobase-pair clai fragment cloned into a variable-reading-frame plasmid vector.	1990	2380391
time of repletion of subadult ixodes ricinus ticks feeding on diverse hosts.	for a comparison of the times of day at which the subadult stages of ixodes ricinus detach from nocturnal vs diurnal hosts, these ticks were placed on a variety of indigenous and experimental animals. the time of detachment appears to depend more on properties of the host than on the periodicity of tick behavior. ticks on rodents, regardless of host periodicity, tended to detach late in the afternoon; those on the hedgehog detached around midnight, and those on lizards and birds, during the morn ...	1990	2381897
ceftriaxone therapy of chronic inflammatory arthritis. a double-blind placebo controlled trial.	to determine whether chronic inflammatory arthritis may respond to antibiotic therapy (implying a bacterial origin), we conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. sixty patients with inflammatory arthritis and antibody titers to borrelia burgdorferi 1:64 or more were randomized to receive placebo (n = 20) or 2 g/d of ceftriaxone intravenously (n = 40) for 2 weeks. two of 20 placebo- and 19 of 40 antibiotic-treated patients improved. at 1 month, the placebo-treated patients could elect t ...	1990	2383162
status of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) in illinois.	ixodes dammini spielman, clifford, piesman & corwin was found for the first time in illinois in november 1987, when two adult females were collected from two deer in jo daviess county in the northwestern corner of the state. in 1988, in a study of six state parks in northern illinois, questing adults and nymphs were encountered in one park in ogle county. during the firearm deer hunt in november 1988, adult female and male ticks were found in several counties, with a high rate of infestation (gr ...	1990	2388231
intrinsic competence of three ixodid ticks (acari) as vectors of the lyme disease spirochete.	we compared the intrinsic vector competence of ixodes dammini spielman et al., dermacentor variabilis (say), and amblyomma americanum (l.) for the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi johnson et al.) on prudence island, rhode island, a lyme disease-endemic site where all three ticks occur together. natural and experimental spirochete infection rates were determined in those ticks and their degree of contact with white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), the principal reservoir host, was ...	1990	2388239
computer simulation of rocky mountain spotted fever transmission by the american dog tick (acari: ixodidae).	a computer model was developed for simulation of the transmission of rickettsia rickettsii, the causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf), by the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis (say). the model of rmsf was combined with a model for population dynamics of the american dog tick and included simulation of infection and transmission of rickettsiae between ticks and host mammals and transmission of rmsf to humans. the model simulated the effects of biotic and environmental var ...	1990	2388242
the role of medium-sized mammals as reservoirs of borrelia burgdorferi in southern new york.	the ability of raccoons (procyon lotor), striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) and opossums (didelphis virginiana) to serve as reservoirs of borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of lyme disease, was compared with that of white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus). twenty-eight (28) medium-sized mammals and 34 white-footed mice were captured in westchester county, new york (usa) in summer 1986. animals were caged over pans of water for 1 to 2 days to recover engorged tick larvae (ixodes dammini) ...	1990	2388356
[multiple sclerosis or lyme disease? a diagnosis problem of exclusion].	there is no diagnostic biological marker in multiple sclerosis. thus, its diagnosis is based on clinical criteria. these criteria can also be found in other conditions. lyme disease is currently among them. in a late period of the disease demyelinating involvement of central nervous system can develop, and multiple sclerosis can be erroneously diagnosed. we have evaluated a series of 55 patients with a definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, and we have found evidence of infection by the causa ...	1990	2388492
cloning and sequence analysis of linear plasmid telomeres of the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi.	borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease agent, has double-stranded linear plasmids with covalently closed ends. dna at the ends, or telomeres, of two linear plasmids of b. burgdorferi strain b31 was examined. telomeric sequences from both ends of a 16 kb linear plasmid and from one end of a 49 kb linear plasmid were cloned and sequenced. an 18 bp at-rich inverted repeat was found at each end of the 16 kb linear plasmid. the sequences of the two ends of this plasmid were different beyond these sho ...	1990	2388560
lyme borreliosis-associated encephalopathy.	borrelia burgdorferi infection (lyme disease) is frequently accompanied by cns dysfunction. particularly common is a mild confusional state, the mechanism of which is unknown. since cns infection with b burgdorferi is usually accompanied by intrathecal synthesis of specific antibody, we studied csf in 73 patients referred for presumed cns lyme, manifested primarily as this confusional state. of 30 seropositive patients evaluated, only 5 had intrathecal antibody production. seven seronegative pat ...	1990	2392213
lyme disease.		1990	2392409
[determination of antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi in patients with morphea, lichen sclerosus et atrophicus and erythema chronicum migrans].	several cutaneous entities described in europe as chronic migrans erythema (cme), mild cutis lymphadenosis (mcl) and chronic atrophyc acrodermatitis (caa) constitute clinical manifestations of a borrellia burgdorferi. the presence of clinical and hystologic lesions similar to those of liquen esclerosus and atrophyc (lea) and localized esclerodermia (morphea) in patients with caa has driven to several authors to demonstrate the aethiologic participation of b. burgdorferi in patients carrying thos ...	1990	2392594
spirochetal forms in the dermal lesions of morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.	morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus are cutaneous diseases that are manifest by an early edematous stage, followed later by sclerosis and atrophy. they share features with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and erythema chronicum migrans, diseases that have been linked to infection by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. a modified silver stain was used to identify the presence of spirochetes in skin biopsy specimens of patients with morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. spirocheta ...	1990	2393064
two genomic species in borrelia burgdorferi.	a total of 13 borrelia burgdorferi strains (responsible for lyme borreliosis) and representatives of 3 other borrelia species (b. hermsii, b. parkeri, b. turicatae) associated with relapsing fever were studied by dna/dna hybridization and rrna gene-restriction patterns. two genomic dna hybridization groups were observed which could be differentiated by rrna gene-restriction patterns. moreover, the number and size of restriction fragments suggest the existence of a single set of 16 and 23 s rrna ...	1990	2399368
detection of borrelia burgdorferi dna in museum specimens of ixodes dammini ticks.	in order to investigate the potential for borrelia burgdorferi infection before the recognition of lyme disease as a clinical entity, the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to examine museum specimens of ixodes dammini (deer ticks) for the presence of spirochete-specific dna sequences. one hundred and thirty-six archival tick specimens were obtained representing various continental u.s. locations; dna sequences characteristic of modern day isolates of b. burgdorferi were detected in 13 194 ...	1990	2402635
comparison of indirect immunofluorescent-antibody assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western immunoblot for the diagnosis of lyme disease in dogs.	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), indirect immunofluorescent-antibody assay (ifa), and western immunoblot were used to test serum samples from 128 dogs for the presence of antibody to borrelia burgdorferi. sera included 72 samples from dogs suspected of having lyme disease, 32 samples from dogs residing in areas in which lyme disease was not considered endemic, and 24 samples from dogs with clinical and serologic evidence of immune-mediated disease (n = 10), rocky mountain spotted fever ...	1990	2405018
lyme disease.	lyme disease is an infectious, immune-mediated, multisystem disease. recent epidemiologic data confirms that in the united states, lyme disease is spreading faster than any other infectious disease except aids. the bacteria that causes lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted to humans by the bite of the deer tick, ixodes dammini. if diagnosed and treated in its early stages, lyme disease is less likely to result in later cardiac, neurologic, and arthritic complications. arthritic comp ...	1990	2407990
[recurrent and relapsing course of borreliosis of the nervous system].	the clinical variability of chronic infections due to borrelia burgdorferi is greater than previously thought. three personal cases are presented in an overview, together with cases from the literature. chronic spastic para- and quadriparesis, transverse myelitis and recurrent hemiparesis have been noted in such cases. frequently, there is additional involvement of the cranial nerves. chronic polyneuritis, mononeuritis multiplex, as well as plexus neuritis can also occur. psychiatric manifestati ...	1990	2408240
mri reveals pathology in neuro lyme disease.		1990	10149360
prince edward island. lyme disease vector, ixodes dammini (the northern deer tick), identified in prince edward island.		1990	17423542
dna is packaged within membrane-derived vesicles of gram-negative but not gram-positive bacteria.	recently, dna packaged within nuclease-resistant membrane vesicles of neisseria gonorrhoeae and borrelia burgdorferi was described. this study assayed 18 species of gram-negative and gram-positive eubacteria for nuclease-protected dna associated with extracellular membrane vesicles. vesicles from only the gram-negative bacteria contained nuclease-protected linear or supercoiled dnas or both.	1990	16348232
[coxitis in lyme disease].		1990	2277886
[a case from practice (198). lyme disease].		1990	2093222
[lyme disease in la rioja].		1990	2090903
lyme disease: epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.		1990	2276404
serologic findings in lyme disease.		1990	2240740
lyme disease in new jersey outdoor workers: a statewide survey of seroprevalence and tick exposure.	to evaluate the spread of lyme disease in new jersey, we conducted a statewide cross-sectional study of lyme disease seroprevalence in a high-risk occupational group of outdoor employees. of the 689 employees who participated in the study, 39 (5.7 percent) were positive for antibody to b. burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease. seroprevalence varied markedly by county; unexpectedly high seroprevalence rates were found in several northern counties (sussex, hudson, and hunterdon). furthe ...	1990	2400034
arthralgia: a diagnostic strategy.	for arthritis or arthralgia there is no simple system for diagnostic analysis, but whether it is polyarthritis or monoarthritis, acute or chronic in onset, some general rules apply. common causes include osteoarthritis (primary and secondary) and viral infection. drugs should be considered, including those inducing gout. it is still imperative not to miss rheumatic fever, sepsis and tuberculosis in assessment. we may encounter more cases of lyme disease presenting as arthritis.	1990	2248564
[rheumatological manifestations of lyme disease in switzerland].		1990	2244097
bone scan abnormalities in a child with lyme disease.		1990	2225679
lyme disease presenting with bilateral facial nerve palsy.	facial palsy bilateral, or recurrent, suggests a myriad of diagnostic possibilities. an 11-year-old boy is described whose diagnosis remained elusive for several months. clinical evolution and subsequent laboratory studies confirmed that he had lyme disease. literature review suggests that this disorder is ubiquitous in its manifestations. the diagnosis should be remembered in unexplained neurologic disorders, particularly in cranial and peripheral neuropathies.	1990	2403282
lyme disease in chronic renal failure: capd therapy.		1990	2396860
lyme disease presenting as hepatitis and jaundice in a child.		1990	2235178
lyme disease.		1990	2217960
lyme neuroborreliosis. peripheral nervous system manifestations.	an ever increasing number of apparently unrelated peripheral nervous system (pns) disorders has been associated with lyme borreliosis. to ascertain their relative frequency and significance, we studied prospectively 74 consecutive patients with late lyme disease, with and without pns symptoms: 53% had intermittent limb paraesthesiae, 25% the carpal tunnel syndrome, 8% painful radiculopathy, and 3% bell's palsy; 39% had disseminated neurophysiological abnormalities. to assess the interrelationshi ...	1990	2168778
lyme disease: a seasonal hazard.	cutaneous markers are usually the first signs of lyme disease, a multisystem infection that affected about 7,000 people last year. this article reviews its clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.	1990	2144434
lyme disease in manitoba?		1990	2208345
lyme disease in canada.		1990	2208343
orbital myositis with lyme disease.		1990	2368834
lyme disease.		1990	2398790
lyme disease in new jersey.	lyme disease is a spirochetal infection endemic throughout new jersey. case reports from 1984 through 1986 suggest different high-risk groups and different disease severity than had been observed in earlier cases in the state. both sexes now appear equally at risk, while younger age groups, particularly children less than ten years old, appear to be at increased risk. mild disease is usual, although classic rheumatologic and neurologic complications can occur. informal surveys suggest lyme disea ...	1990	2385371
psychological impact of media coverage of lyme disease.		1990	2385370
lyme disease: prevention and control.		1990	2385369
neurological manifestations of lyme disease.		1990	2200982
lyme disease during pregnancy.		1990	2200981
clinical manifestations of lyme disease.		1990	2200980
lyme disease transmitted by a biting fly.		1990	2342543
neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of lyme disease.	lyme disease is a tick-borne spirochetal infection characterized by skin rash, neurologic, cardiac, and arthritic findings. the authors report six patients with lyme disease who had neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations. one patient had meningitis with papilledema, two had optic neuritis, and one had neuroretinitis. three patients had sixth nerve paresis, two of whom cleared quickly, whereas multiple cranial nerve palsies and subsequent optic neuropathy developed in another. early recognition of n ...	1990	2374674
urticarial vasculitis and lyme disease.		1990	2370339
lyme disease may underlie bell's palsy.		1990	2356037
the summer scourge of lyme disease.		1990	2346183
lyme disease and uveitis.		1990	2344119
lyme disease presenting as urinary retention.	we report a case of lyme disease that presented with urinary retention. the individual then experienced lower extremity paralysis. paralysis and urinary retention resolved with intravenous ceftriaxone antibiotic. to our knowledge this is the first report of a urological manifestation as the initial clinical presentation of lyme disease. recognition of clinical symptoms and urological complications of lyme disease also are discussed.	1990	2342186
ocular lyme disease: case report and review of the literature.	lyme disease is an emerging new spirochaetal disease in which ocular complications may arise. we have seen a 45-year-old woman who developed unilateral endophthalmitis leading to blindness during the course of this disease. ocular tissue showed the characteristic spirochete. a literature review shows that the commonest ocular manifestation of lyme disease is a mild conjunctivitis, but other symptoms may include periorbital oedema, oculomotor palsies, uveitis, papilloedema, papillitis, interstiti ...	1990	2198927
lyme disease.		1990	2198926
lyme disease.		1990	27433826
lyme disease.		1990	27433822
lyme disease in alabama.		1990	2375275
a report on michigan's new lyme disease reporting requirement.		1990	2359368
how can i avoid lyme disease? what to say to the patient who asks.	no magic bullet for eliminating or medical breakthrough for preventing lyme disease can be seen on the horizon. this fast-growing pandemic, second only to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in public interest and concern, will probably continue to increase in range and incidence for the foreseeable future. ticks are notoriously difficult to thwart, but intelligent application of control measures may be effective. more important, commonsense safety measures offer personal protection to the degree ...	1990	2336417
lyme disease acquired in southeast africa.		1990	2334195
the enlarging clinical spectrum of lyme disease: lyme cerebral vasculitis, a new disease entity.	the case of a patient with cerebral vasculitis with a right thalamic infarct associated with cerebral spinal fluid lyme disease is presented. this entity has not been described in the united states, and only one similar case in the world literature could be found. the patient presented with a progressive headache and subsequent development of grand mal seizure activity. lyme disease has been associated with cranial nerve palsies, peripheral and cranial radiculopathies, aseptic meningitis, enceph ...	1990	2331105
[heart involvement in lyme borreliosis. case report].	lyme disease is a systemic illness with skin, neurologic, joint, and cardiac involvement. absence of typical skin lesion--erythema chronicum migrans--during the first period of disease may cause the diagnosis difficult. syncope due to complete atrioventricular block was the first symptom of disease in our patient, but no tick bite anamnestic data were available. quick changes on ekg tracing during cardiac pacing were present. echocardiography revealed left ventricular dysfunction. specific immun ...	1990	2249293
lyme disease. recognizing its many manifestations.	lyme borreliosis is a relatively new disease, so much remains to be learned about it. in this article, typical manifestations at each stage are reviewed. however, as the authors emphasize, diagnosis is still a challenge because a given patient may have from a few to all of the features discussed, stages often overlap, and characteristics come and go and may mimic other illnesses.	1990	2186395
biopsy-confirmed cns lyme disease: mr appearance at 1.5 t.		1990	2112311
lyme disease of the cns: mr imaging findings in 14 cases.	the mr images of 14 patients with clinical diagnoses of lyme disease, cns complaints, and positive lyme titers were reviewed. mr examinations were abnormal in 43%. areas of abnormal signal were identified within the cerebral white matter as well as within the brainstem.	1990	2112310
should we try malariotherapy for lyme disease?		1990	2325716