Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| acute hepatitis e virus infection in a cuban patient. | 2005 | 16099699 | |
| construction and characterization of infectious cdna clones of a chicken strain of hepatitis e virus (hev), avian hev. | hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, is an important human pathogen. increasing evidence indicates that hepatitis e is a zoonosis. avian hev was recently discovered in chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the usa. like swine hev from pigs, avian hev is also genetically and antigenically related to human hev. the objective of this study was to construct and characterize an infectious cdna clone of avian hev for future studies of hev replication and pathogenesis ... | 2005 | 16099918 |
| [diagnostic tests: hepatitis e viral marker]. | 2005 | 16111291 | |
| age-specific antibody to hepatitis e virus has remained constant during the past 20 years in japan. | we investigated the presence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) and hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) by enzyme immunoassays in sera from 1015 individuals collected in 1974, 1984 and 1994. age-specific profiles of anti-hev remained unchanged with a peak at 40-49 years, while those of anti-hav started to increase in individuals aged 20-29 years in 1974, 30-39 years in 1984 and 40-49 years in 1994. these results suggest that a silent hev infection has been taking place in the last 20 years o ... | 2005 | 15985017 |
| [autochthonous hepatitis e virus in southeastern france. 2 cases]. | hepatitis e virus is endemic in developing countries where it is especially lethal among pregnant women. as the circulation of goods and people grows between these countries and the industrialized nations, this virus is emerging as a cause of imported acute hepatitis in the latter, where authentic autochthonous cases also exist. | 2005 | 15988340 |
| serological and molecular studies on subclinical hepatitis e virus infection using periodic serum samples obtained from healthy individuals. | subclinical hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among healthy individuals was studied serologically and molecularly. serum samples collected at screening between march and april 2004 (or just before retirement) from 266 medical staff members (35 males, 231 females) who had been working for 8.8 +/- 8.5 (mean +/- standard deviation, range, 0.3-35.1) years in a city hospital in japan and serum samples that had been collected from these staff members at the start of employment were tested for iga, igm ... | 2005 | 15977233 |
| [a case of acute hepatitis e who had a history of frequent ingestion of raw meat and viscera from wild deer and boars]. | 2005 | 15981631 | |
| location of, immunogenicity of and relationships between neutralization epitopes on the attachment protein (g) of hendra virus. | epitopes involved in a protective immune response to hendra virus (hev) (henipavirus, paramxyoviridae) were investigated by generating five neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the virus attachment protein (g) of hev (hev g) and sequencing of the g gene of groups of neutralization-escape variants selected with each mab. amino acid substitutions occurred at eight distinct sites on hev g. relationships between these sites were investigated in binding and neutralization assays using heterol ... | 2005 | 16186240 |
| a sabin 3-derived poliovirus recombinant contained a sequence homologous with indigenous human enterovirus species c in the viral polymerase coding region. | outbreaks of poliomyelitis caused by circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cvdpvs) have been reported in areas where indigenous wild polioviruses (pvs) were eliminated by vaccination. most of these cvdpvs contained unidentified sequences in the nonstructural protein coding region which were considered to be derived from human enterovirus species c (hev-c) by recombination. in this study, we report isolation of a sabin 3-derived pv recombinant (cambodia-02) from an acute flaccid paralysis (af ... | 2005 | 16188967 |
| essential elements of the capsid protein for self-assembly into empty virus-like particles of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a noncultivable virus that causes acute liver failure in humans. the virus's major capsid protein is encoded by an open reading frame 2 (orf2) gene. when the recombinant protein consisting of amino acid (aa) residues 112 to 660 of orf2 is expressed with a recombinant baculovirus, the protein self-assembles into virus-like particles (vlps) (t.-c. li, y. yamakawa, k. suzuki, m. tatsumi, m. a. razak, t. uchida, n. takeda, and t. miyamura, j. virol. 71:7207-7213, 1997). vl ... | 2005 | 16189002 |
| markers of hepatitis viruses and human t-lymphotropic virus types i/ii in patients who have undergone open-heart surgery: evidence of increased risk for exposure to hbv and hev. | open-heart procedure is characterized by a high-risk for contracting blood-borne infections. we evaluated the prevalence of several markers of hepatitis viruses (b-e) and human t-cell lymphotropic virus types i/ii (htlv-i/ii) in a consecutive series of patients who had undergone open-heart surgery. | 2005 | 16198902 |
| [serological antibodies comparison of a hepatitis e outbreak]. | to compare the serological characters of an outbreak of hepatitis e and evaluate sensitivity and specificity of anti-hev e2-igm. | 2005 | 16201469 |
| [relationship between fatal severe from hepatitis occurred during chronic hepatitis b and superinfections of hepatotropic b e system status]. | to clarify the relationship between fatal severe form hepatitis occurred during chronic hepatitis b and superinfections of hepatitis a, c, d or e virus as well as hepatitis b e system status and to adopt corresponding measures to reduce the mortality of chronic hepatitis b. | 2005 | 16201474 |
| [seroepidemiological characterization of virus hepatitis in the republic of armenia]. | the survey of the population immunological structure with respect to parenteral hepatitis showed awide circulation of hepatitis b (hb) and hepatitis c (hc) viruses among the adult population of armenia. during the 5 year period of observation the number of persons having antibodies to hc virus increased 2.7-fold. high occurrence of antibodies to hbsag of hb virus among the healthy population in 2002 (12.0%) in comparison with 1997 (5.4%) reflected a decreased infection rate with hb virus as well ... | 2005 | 16279546 |
| evaluation of a new rapid immunochromatographic assay for serodiagnosis of acute hepatitis e infection. | a rapid and reliable diagnostic assay for acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is needed. we evaluated a rapid, immunochromatographic assay for igm antibodies to hev (assure hev igm rapid test) using acute-phase hev samples (n = 200) from indonesia and nepal and convalescent-phase hev samples (n = 70) from nepal. blood donors in thailand (n = 100), individuals with hepatitis a (n = 80), hepatitis b (n = 45), and hepatitis c (n = 50) in thailand and nepal, acute-phase sera of individuals with ... | 2005 | 16282308 |
| analysis of the full-length genome of hepatitis e virus isolates obtained from wild boars in japan. | two (2.3 %) of 87 wild-caught boars in japan had detectable hepatitis e virus (hev) rna. the two boar hev isolates (wbjts1 and wbjyg1) obtained in the present study and a previously reported isolate (wbjsg1) whose partial sequence had been determined were sequenced over the entire genome. the wbjsg1, wbjts1 and wbjyg1 isolates comprised 7225 or 7226 nt, excluding the poly(a) tail, and segregated into genotype 3. they differed by 8.5-11.2 % from each other and by 8.6-18.4 % from 17 reported genot ... | 2005 | 16298977 |
| [endemic hepatitis e infections in south-east hungary]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) one of the most important infectious agent in acute hepatitis in tropical and subtropical areas. recently, it has been demonstrated that hev infection also occur in developed countries without travel history. in these regions, transmission thought to be zoonotic. in this work hepatitis e cases are detected in south east hungary. | 2005 | 16304810 |
| infectious swine hepatitis e virus is present in pig manure storage facilities on united states farms, but evidence of water contamination is lacking. | fresh feces, manure slurry (from earthen lagoons and/or concrete pits), and drinking and surface water samples were collected from 28 pig farms in the midwestern united states. all samples were tested for hepatitis e virus (hev) rna by reverse transcription-pcr. seven of 28 farms had fecal samples that contained hev. of 22 farms where pit samples were accessible, 15 contained hev, and of 8 farms that had lagoons, 3 contained hev. the highest virus titers were 10 and 10(3) genome equivalents per ... | 2005 | 16332757 |
| epidemiology and genotypes of hev in wuhan. | understanding the genotype and clinical features of the hepatitis e virus (hev) are important for understanding its characteristics, for evaluating region-specific diagnostic assays, and producing vaccines. | 2005 | 16246227 |
| genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis e virus in darfur, sudan, and neighboring chad. | the within-outbreak diversity of hepatitis e virus (hev) was studied during the outbreak of hepatitis e that occurred in sudan in 2004. specimens were collected from internally displaced persons living in a sudanese refugee camp and two camps implanted in chad. a comparison of the sequences in the orf2 region of 23 sudanese isolates and five hev samples from the two chadian camps displayed a high similarity (>99.7%) to strains belonging to genotype 1. but four isolates collected in one of the ch ... | 2005 | 16254969 |
| [hepatitis e]. | hepatitis e is an important public health disease in developing countries where sanitary conditions are not well established. in developed countries, it is sporadic and mainly "imported". the causative agent of hepatitis e, hepatitis e virus (hev), is a single-stranded positive-sense rna virus, that belongs to the genus hepevirus in the family hepeviridae. recent development of specific hev rna and hev antibody detection revealed cases of indigenous hev infection. many cases are associated with ... | 2005 | 16363698 |
| [molecular detection of hepatitis e virus in non-imported hepatitis case--identification of a potential new human hepatitis e virus lineage in hungary]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) one of the most common cause of hepatitis in endemic areas. however recently demonstrated that human infection may occur in developed countries without any travel history and that swine may act as a reservoir. | 2005 | 16398151 |
| hepatitis e virus chimeric dna vaccine elicits immunologic response in mice. | to construct the plasmid pchev23 containing fragments of hev orf2 and orf3 chimeric gene and to assess its ability to elicit specific immunologic response in mice. | 2005 | 16425371 |
| [hepatitis e infections as a world wide problem]. | 2005 | 16457075 | |
| [detection and analysis of partial sequences isolated from human and swine in rural area of southern china]. | to study the genotype of swines isolated from humans and their relationships with hepatitis e virus (hev) in the rural areas of southern china. | 2005 | 16676596 |
| hepatitis e virus: overseas epidemics and victorian travellers. | 2005 | 16274355 | |
| [a new case of native viral hepatitis e in the center of france]. | 2005 | 16518294 | |
| non-travel-associated hepatitis e in england and wales: demographic, clinical, and molecular epidemiological characteristics. | between 1996 and 2003, 186 cases of hepatitis e were serologically diagnosed. of these, 17 (9%) were not associated with recent travel abroad. patients were >55 years old (range, 56-82 years old) and tended to be male (76%). two patients presented with fulminant hepatitis. a total of 129 (69%) cases were associated with recent travel to countries where hepatitis e virus (hev) is hyperendemic. compared with patients with travel-associated disease, patients with non-travel-associated disease were ... | 2005 | 16136458 |
| the 41-amino-acid c-terminal region of the hepatitis e virus orf3 protein interacts with bikunin, a kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a human plus-stranded rna virus, contains three open reading frames (orf). of these, orf1 encodes the viral nonstructural polyprotein, orf2 encodes the major capsid protein, and orf3 codes for a phosphoprotein of undefined function. recently, using the yeast two-hybrid system to screen a human cdna liver library, we have isolated and characterized ambp (alpha1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor), which specifically interacts with the orf3 protein of hev. the orf3 protein ex ... | 2005 | 16140784 |
| hepatitis e virus transmission from wild boar meat. | we investigated a case of hepatitis e acquired after persons ate wild boar meat. genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev) rna was detected in both patient serum and wild boar meat. these findings provided direct evidence of zoonotic foodborne transmission of hev from a wild boar to a human. | 2005 | 16485490 |
| bovine serum albumin antibodies as a disease marker for hepatitis e virus infection. | this report evaluates the significance of antibody/bovine serum albumin (bsa) interactions as a risk factor for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis e. serum samples from 40 patients with acute hepatitis e and from 40 age/sex matched healthy adult subjects were tested for iga, igg, and igm by elisa and by turbidimetric assay. bsa was used as a target to characterize changes in levels of interacting immunoglobulins. initial results obtained before removal of antibodies that interacted with bsa sugges ... | 2005 | 16489265 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus in egyptian children presented with minor hepatic disorders. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered as one of the common causes of particular hepatitis in developing countries. it is transmitted in a fecal-oral manner. it causes sporadic infections and large epidemics. to estimate the prevalence of anti-hev igg and igm antibodies to orf3 peptide of hepatitis e virus genome in an age of children, study subjects (100 children) between 6 months and 10 years with minor, hepatic illnesses were recruited for the study during the period from september 2004 to sep ... | 2005 | 17977212 |
| hepatitis e virus: an emerging zoonotic agent. | hepatitis e is an infectious viral disease with clinical and morphological features of acute hepatitis. the aetiological agent is the hepatitis e virus (hev). the disease represents an important public health problem in developing countries where it is frequently epidemic and is primarily transmitted by the faecal-oral route. in recent years, a number of sporadic cases have also been described in industrialised countries, italy included. swine hev was first identified in 1997 and is now consider ... | 2005 | 20437374 |
| outbreak of viral hepatitis e in a regimental training centre. | an outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred in a regimental centre with 265 cases occurring during a 3 months period. | 2005 | 27407798 |
| [hepatitis e virus: an emerging disease]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a spherical, non-enveloped, single stranded rna virus. four genotypes (1-4) have so far been distinguished. hev infection can occur either in large epidemics (in endemic regions only: southeast asia, india, central asia central, africa, and mexico) or in sporadic forms. hev is transmitted principally by the fecal-oral pathway, that is, hand-to-mouth. there is a risk of transmission from animals to humans. nearly half of all cases have no or few symptoms. symptomatic fo ... | 2006 | 17446156 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus infection, rural southern people's republic of china. | genotype 4 hepatitis e virus (hev) is the dominant cause of hepatitis e in the people's republic of china; swine are the principal reservoir. our study was conducted in 8 rural communities of southern china, where families keep pigs near their homes. phylogenetic analysis showed that 23 of 24 concurrent virus isolates from this region are genotype 4 strains. among the study populations, immunoglobulin g anti-hev seroprevalence accumulated with age at approximately equal to 1% per year for person ... | 2006 | 17283617 |
| [molecular characterization of hepatitis e virus in three acute liver failure cases in children in argentina]. | strains of hepatitis e virus (hev) isolated from argentinian patients with sporadic hepatitis, as well as from swine from argentina, belong to genotype 3. hev genotype 3 variants have been described associated with acute liver failure (alf) in adults from japan and the united kingdom. in argentina, 30% of alf in adults and children are of unknown aetiology. to study if hev could be an aetiological agent associated with alf in children, serum and/or fecal samples fjom 35 children (mean age: 6 yea ... | 2006 | 17407988 |
| ultrasound findings in acute viral hepatitis. | serological markers for the virus remain mainstay of diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis. however, it is not available in all part of our country. the aim of this study is to find out the sonological findings of the hepatobiliary system that may aid to clinch the diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis. | 2006 | 18603946 |
| hepatitis e in nepal. | hepatitis e is an acute disease caused by hepatitis e virus that usually manifest as acute jaundice. the hallmark of the disease is its high incidence in young adults, and high mortality in pregnant women from acute hepatic failure. it is a waterborne infection and occurs sporadically or as epidemic outbreaks. kathmandu valley is a hyper-endemic area for hepatitis e, where during last 30 years three large epidemics and many focal outbreaks have occurred. about 50% of the sporadic cases of acute ... | 2006 | 18603971 |
| dengue virus infection: a major cause of acute hepatic failure in thai children. | acute hepatic failure (ahf) can be caused by a variety of viruses, drugs, toxins and metabolic disorders. | 2006 | 16494700 |
| phylogenetic analysis of global hepatitis e virus sequences: genetic diversity, subtypes and zoonosis. | nucleotide sequences from a total of 421 hev isolates were retrieved from genbank and analysed. phylogenetically, hev was classified into four major genotypes. genotype 1 was more conserved and classified into five subtypes. the number of genotype 2 sequences was limited but can be classified into two subtypes. genotypes 3 and 4 were extremely diverse and can be subdivided into ten and seven subtypes. geographically, genotype 1 was isolated from tropical and several subtropical countries in asia ... | 2006 | 16175650 |
| locally acquired hepatitis e virus infection, el paso, texas. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an enterically transmitted rna virus that causes both epidemic and sporadic cases of acute hepatitis. despite sero-surveys showing antibody to hev in up to 36% of the us population, acute hepatitis e has been reported among individuals with no history of international travel only three times in the united states. we report a case of apparently locally-acquired hepatitis e that occurred in el paso, texas that was 98% similar to a previously isolated hev found in swine i ... | 2006 | 16628579 |
| a cluster of hepatitis e virus infection in hokkaido, japan. | 2006 | 16632918 | |
| a diffuse outbreak of hepatitis e in mie prefecture, 2005. | 2006 | 16632919 | |
| [expression, purification and immunogenicity of a novel hepatitis e virus-like particle]. | to express and characterize a novel hepatitis e virus (hev) recombinant protein which contains hev neutralization epitope(s). | 2006 | 16643795 |
| acute transverse myelitis following hepatitis e virus infection. | 2006 | 16651680 | |
| molecular tracing of japan-indigenous hepatitis e viruses. | the ancestor(s) of apparently japan-indigenous strains of hepatitis e virus (hev) was probably of foreign origin, but it remains unclear when and from where it made inroads. in this study, 24 genotype 3 and 24 genotype 4 hev strains recovered in japan each showed a significant cluster, clearly distinct from those of foreign strains, in the phylogenetic tree constructed from an 821 nt rna polymerase gene fragment. the evolutionary rate, approximately 0.8 x 10(-3) nucleotide substitutions per site ... | 2006 | 16528044 |
| [etiology and pathogenesis of viral hepatitis]. | in the strictest sense, the term "viral hepatitis" includes a series of clinical conditions of infectious origin caused by five phylogenetically unrelated human viruses that have developed specific tropism to hepatocytes. in a broader sense, it also includes acute liver diseases due to infection by other viruses that do not display specific liver tropism, but may produce liver disease as a complication of the infection. hepatitis b and c viruses have, in addition, developed strategies that allow ... | 2006 | 16537063 |
| hepatitis e antibody kinetics in nepalese patients. | a cohort of 62 nepalese adults with acute hepatitis e was identified and total ig as well as igm levels to hepatitis e virus (hev) capsid protein were determined using the walter reed army institute of research (wrair) immunoassay. an antibody profile was constructed from serial serum specimens collected up to 14 months following the onset of illness. the decline in total ig was rapid for the first 3 months. there followed a slow, sustained decline, but antibodies remained above the seropositive ... | 2006 | 16542692 |
| [hepatitis a and e virus antibodies in chilean children of low socioeconomic status: a one year follow-up study]. | the seroprevalence of antibodies against hepatitis a virus (hav) is decreasing in many latin american countries, along with improvements in sanitary standards. however, there is no information available about low socioeconomic status (lse) populations. | 2006 | 16554919 |
| infection with hepatitis a, b, c, and delta viruses among patients with acute hepatitis in mongolia. | one hundred ten consecutive patients (60 males and 50 females; age, mean +/- standard deviation [sd], 22.6 +/- 6.4 years; range 16-48 years) who were clinically diagnosed with sporadic acute hepatitis between december 2004 and january 2005 in ulaanbaatar, mongolia, were studied. igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus were detected in 18 patients (16.4%), igm antibodies to hepatitis b core (anti-hbc igm) in 38 patients (34.5%) including two patients with concurrent hepatitis delta virus (hdv) infect ... | 2006 | 16555292 |
| [hepatitis e virus of different genotypes contains multiple-type antigenic epitopes]. | monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) were prepared against a recombinant protein p166us derived from us-1 strain of hepatitis e virus (hev). the immune reactivity of the mcabs to seven p166s derived from different genotypes and subtypes of hev, which included p166bur (genotype i a), p166pak (genotype i b), p166mor (genotype i c), p166mex (genotype ii), p166us (genotype iii), p166nz (swine hev, genotype iii) and p166chn (genotype iv), was tested by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) a ... | 2006 | 16579478 |
| evaluation of diagnostic assays for hepatitis e virus in outbreak settings. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of hepatitis. we evaluated five hev antibody diagnostic assays by using outbreak specimens. the abbott immunoglobulin g (igg), genelabs igg, and walter reed army institute of research (wrair) igm assays were about 90% sensitive; the abbott igg and wrair total ig and igm assays were more than 90% specific. | 2006 | 16597900 |
| [microbiological diagnosis of viral hepatitis]. | hepatitis of viral aetiology caused by hepatotropic virus (a, e, b, d and c) represents an important work load for the clinical virology laboratory. most of the diagnostic is based upon detection in serum and plasma samples of different serological and virological markers, which correlates with different infection stages. in chronic infection by hbv and hcv is necessary to perform diagnostic by molecular methods as well as antigen detection in sequential samples along the course of the disease t ... | 2006 | 16606561 |
| identification of a novel variant of human hepatitis e virus in hungary. | first human case of hepatitis e infection detected in hungary is reported. this hepatitis e virus (hev), hungary1, belongs to genotype 3 and had 95% and 90% nucleotide identity within the capsid region of the european swine and human (greece2) strains, respectively. hungary1 represents a potential novel human variant of hev in genus hepevirus. | 2006 | 16616611 |
| phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus isolates in southern china (1994-1998). | we have previously reported the identification of divergent hepatitis e virus (hev) isolated (g9, g20 and 93g) in guangzhou, a city in southern china. they are now recognised as a new hev subgenotype in the world. however, the relatedness and significance of these novel isolates in sporadic hev infection in southern china is still unclear. | 2006 | 16621689 |
| virological investigation of a hepatitis e epidemic in north india. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is of major public health concern in the developing countries, including the indian subcontinent, due to epidemics of large proportions, increased morbidity and high mortality, especially in pregnant women. this study shows the findings of two different epidemics that occurred due to hev. | 2006 | 16924358 |
| does co-infection with multiple viruses adversely influence the course and outcome of sporadic acute viral hepatitis in children? | this study looked at the frequency of co-infection with multiple hepatotropic viruses and the effect of such infection on the course and outcome of acute sporadic viral hepatitis (avh) and fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) in children. | 2006 | 16928213 |
| orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus is not required for replication, virion assembly, or infection of hepatoma cells in vitro. | a subclone of huh-7 cells that could be relatively efficiently transfected and infected with hepatitis e virus was identified. following transfection, infectious virus was produced but remained predominantly cell associated. intracellular virus, recovered by lysis of transfected cells, infected naïve cells. this in vitro-produced virus appeared to be antigenically identical to virus isolated from clinical samples. lysates from cells transfected with mutant viral genomes unable to synthesize orf3 ... | 2006 | 16928762 |
| [acute hepatitis e in madrid: description of 18 cases]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the main cause of non-a non-b enterically transmitted hepatitis in underdeveloped countries but is rare in industrialized areas. however, in the last few years, several sporadic autochthonous hepatitis e cases have been reported in europe and no risk factors, such as visiting to endemic areas, could be found in these patients. | 2006 | 16938254 |
| phylogenetic evidence for inter-typic recombination in the emergence of human enterovirus 71 subgenotypes. | human enterovirus 71 (ev-71) is a common causative agent of hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd). in recent years, the virus has caused several outbreaks with high numbers of deaths and severe neurological complications. several new ev-71 subgenotypes were identified from these outbreaks. the mechanisms that contributed to the emergence of these subgenotypes are unknown. | 2006 | 16939656 |
| hepatitis e indigenous to economically developed countries: to what extent a zoonosis? | hepatitis e, a disease transmitted by hepatitis e virus, is increasingly recognized as being indigenous to affluent, temperate-zone countries. issues pertaining to disease acquisition and hepatitis e virus infection, particularly in western countries, are reviewed and highlighted. | 2006 | 16940870 |
| high prevalence of human enterovirus a infections in natural circulation of human enteroviruses. | human enterovirus (hev) infections can be asymptomatic or cause only mild illness; recent evidence may implicate hev infection in type 1 diabetes mellitus and myocarditis. here, we report the molecular characterization of hev obtained in serial monthly collections from healthy norwegian infants. a total of 1,255 fecal samples were collected from 113 healthy infants beginning at age 3 months and continuing to 28 months. the samples were analyzed for hev nucleic acid by real-time pcr. fifty-eight ... | 2006 | 16943351 |
| [preliminary study on the conditions of solid-phase screening phage antibody library]. | to explore the conditions of solid-phase screening phage antibody library and to provide the experimental basis for the design of screening project. | 2006 | 16948921 |
| identification of genotype 1 hepatitis e virus in samples from swine in cambodia. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major enterically transmitted pathogen in many developing countries, where it causes outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute hepatitis. a study conducted with pigs from several livestock farms in cambodia identified one swine genotype 1 hev isolate as being associated with prevalent swine genotype 3 hev. | 2006 | 16954296 |
| brief report: no evidence for parvovirus b19 or hepatitis e virus as a cause of acute liver failure. | viral hepatitis a and b are known to cause acute liver failure. while nearly 20% of acute liver failure cases are of indeterminate etiology, screening for other viruses has not been uniformly performed. we looked for evidence for parvovirus b19 and hepatitis e virus in sera from u.s. acute liver failure patients. for b19, 78 patients' sera, including 34 with indeterminate etiology, were evaluated by dna dot-blot hybridization, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked im ... | 2006 | 16964546 |
| acute sporadic hepatitis e in children: diagnostic relevance of specific immunoglobulin m and immunoglobulin g compared with nested reverse transcriptase pcr. | this study was carried out to investigate the putative role played by the hepatitis e virus (hev) in acute hepatic dysfunction in paediatric patients with acute non-a-c hepatitis. we also evaluated the diagnostic value for anti-hev immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays relative to nested reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) for hev rna detection. sixty-four children with acute hepatitis were included in the study, in addition to sixteen healthy children with matched age ... | 2006 | 16965347 |
| comparison of clinical features of acute hepatitis caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) genotypes 3 and 4 in sapporo, japan. | in japan, indigenous acute hepatitis e is not a rare disease, and is mainly caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) genotypes 3 and 4. whether there is a difference in clinical features between the two genotypes remains unclear. this study compares the clinical features of patients infected with the two. from january, 1994, to december, 2003, 9 infected with hev genotype 3 and 27 patients with genotype 4 were enrolled. patients with genotype 4 had significantly higher peak alanine aminotransferase lev ... | 2006 | 16971172 |
| inhibition of hendra virus fusion. | hendra virus (hev) is a recently identified paramyxovirus that is fatal in humans and could be used as an agent of bioterrorism. the hev receptor-binding protein (g) is required in order for the fusion protein (f) to mediate fusion, and analysis of the triggering/activation of hev f by g should lead to strategies for interfering with this key step in viral entry. hev f, once triggered by the receptor-bound g, by analogy with other paramyxovirus f proteins, undergoes multistep conformational chan ... | 2006 | 16973588 |
| a case of chronic liver disease. hev induced or cryptogenic? | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is known to cause epidemic outbreaks as well as sporadic disease in many parts of the world. clinical presentation of hepatitis e varies from acute icteric viral hepatitis to severe disease with fulminant hepatic failure, and anicteric infection (no jaundice but with alt elevation). according to available data hev infection does not lead to chronic liver failure. we are reporting a case of 37 years old army soldier who was admitted as a case of hev induced acute ... | 2006 | 16977823 |
| avian hepatitis e virus in an outbreak of hepatitis--splenomegaly syndrome and fatty liver haemorrhage syndrome in two flaxseed-fed layer flocks in ontario. | two commercial layer chicken flocks that were fed a flax-based diet beginning at 28 weeks of age for the production of omega-3 fatty-acid-enriched eggs experienced increased mortality when the birds reached 37 weeks. the average weekly mortality was 0.34% over a 20-week period, with peak mortality of 0.9% for 1 week. reduced feed consumption, reduced body weight gain and poor peak production were noticed prior to the onset of increased mortality. a total of 245 birds were necropsied and 78% of t ... | 2006 | 16990151 |
| detection of hev antigen as a novel marker for the diagnosis of hepatitis e. | infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) may be diagnosed by the presence of hev rna or anti-hev antibodies. an enzyme immunoassay (eia) was developed for the detection of antigen. twenty-four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced. an indirect sandwich eia was developed to detect hev antigen using a combination of three mabs as coating antibodies. approximately 44.6% (33/74), 28.6% (50/175), and none (0/27) of sera positive for anti-hev igm alone, both anti-hev igm and igg, and anti-hev igg a ... | 2006 | 16998897 |
| feline model of acute nipah virus infection and protection with a soluble glycoprotein-based subunit vaccine. | nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev) are paramyxoviruses capable of causing considerable morbidity and mortality in a number of mammalian species, including humans. case reports from outbreaks and previous challenge experiments have suggested that cats were highly susceptible to niv infection, responding with a severe respiratory disease and systemic infection. here we have assessed the cat as a model of experimental niv infection and use it in the evaluation of a subunit vaccine comprised o ... | 2006 | 17005664 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus shedding in feces of pigs at different stages of production using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | the aim of this study was to determine at which production stages hepatitis e virus (hev) is shed by the highest number of pigs and to estimate the relative risk associated with each stage. for this purpose, 146 fecal samples of pigs from 21 farms were studied. in addition, 1 sample from the manure ditch and another sample of drinking water, collected directly from the trough located in the pen, were taken from 16 farms. hev rna was detected in fecal samples from 34 pigs (23.29%). the production ... | 2006 | 17037614 |
| epidemics of emerging animal diseases and food-borne infection problems over the last 5 years in japan. | there have been several emerging animal diseases and food-borne infection problems occurring in japan over the last 5 years. we describe brief pictures of these epidemics and our control activities. as acute contagious and/or emerging animal diseases, the foot and mouth disease (fmd) outbreak caused by the pan-asian topotype of the type o virus occurred in march 2000 after 92 years of fmd-free status. in 2004, four cases of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai), which was the first outbre ... | 2006 | 17135492 |
| [autochthonous hepatitis e in france]. | hepatitis e must no longer be considered simply as an exotic disease occasionally imported from developing countries. autochthonous hepatitis e exists in france. in spite of certain difficulties and limits, biological markers of hepatitis e have to be included in algorithms for etiological diagnosis of acute hepatitis, even if the patient has not recently traveled abroad. based on a recombinant protein of the viral capsid, more sensitive serological assays should soon be available. the potential ... | 2006 | 17195621 |
| [a study of chronic hepatitis b infection superinfected with hepatitis e infection]. | to compare the influence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection on the replication of hepatitis b virus (hbv) by observing clinical features, the relationship between the number of hbv dna copies in serum, the degree of hepatic function impairments and prognosis of chronic hepatitis b patients with hepatitis e superinfection. | 2006 | 17196134 |
| [identification of human acute hepatitis e infections by detection of specific igg and igm antibody recombinant immunoblot testing]. | 2006 | 16510104 | |
| evidence that rodents are a reservoir of hepatitis e virus for humans in nepal. | 2006 | 16517936 | |
| community-based seroepidemiological survey of hepatitis e virus infection in catalonia, spain. | the objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in a population sample from catalonia and to analyze the demographic and clinical variables associated with the presence of these antibodies. a total of 1,280 subjects between 15 and 74 years of age were selected randomly from urban and rural areas. data for sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected by using a questionnaire. igg antibodies to hev wer ... | 2006 | 17050741 |
| type-iv indian swine hev infects rhesus monkeys. | in contrast to countries reporting zoonotic spread of hepatitis e virus (hev), distinct genotypes circulate in humans (genotype 1) and pigs (genotype 4) from india indicating rarity of such spread. pigs were refractory to human hev. as rhesus is an excellent animal model for human hev, an attempt was made to infect rhesus monkeys with swine hev. experimental infection of both the rhesus monkeys with swine-hev as evidenced by seroconversion to anti-hev antibodies and presence of viraemia suggests ... | 2006 | 17052273 |
| liver disease during pregnancy: acute viral hepatitis. | acute viral hepatitis is the most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy. the course of most viral hepatitis infections (e.g., hepatitis a, b, c and d) is unaffected by pregnancy, however, a more severe course of viral hepatitis in pregnancy has been observed in patients with hepatitis e. notwithstanding, opinions differ over the maternal and fetal outcome of pregnancy associated with viral hepatitis. while some authors reported that acute viral hepatitis carries a high risk for both mother and f ... | 2006 | 17060891 |
| identification of the first strain of swine hepatitis e virus in south america and prevalence of anti-hev antibodies in swine in argentina. | in argentina, a country considered non-endemic for hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, serologic evidence of hev infection has been observed in different human population groups. in other countries, a high degree of genetic relatedness has been observed between human and swine hev genotype 3 sequences, suggesting zoonosis as one probable route of infection. this is the first identification of swine hev in south america. hev rna was detected and sequenced in the orf 1 and orf 2 regions from swine ... | 2006 | 17063523 |
| hepatitis e virus: epidemiology, diagnosis, pathology and prevention. | hev, a positive stranded rna virus, is responsible for most of the epidemics of hepatitis in the developing world and is transmitted through contaminated water. it is the major aetiological agent for acute hepatitis and acute liver failure in endemic regions. it causes severe liver disease among pregnant females and patients with chronic liver disease. serodiagnosis of hev is now available and should be used routinely for diagnosis. the available evidence suggests that hev may also be transmitte ... | 2006 | 17089614 |
| quantitative detection of hepatitis e virus rna and dynamics of viral replication in experimental infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) rna has been detected in the stool and serum of patients with hev infection and experimentally infected nonhuman primates. however, dynamics of hev levels in the stool and serum during clinical and subclinical infections have not been determined. a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay, using sybr green i in a lightcycler, was developed and optimized to allow quantification of hev rna in the stool and serum of both genotype 1 and 2 isolates. the ... | 2006 | 17109683 |
| molecular detection and sequence analysis of a new hepatitis e virus isolate from pakistan. | sporadic and epidemic acute viral hepatitis e in many developing countries is caused by hepatitis e virus (hev). the hev genome has been classified into three major genotypes. however, extensive diversity has been noted among hev isolates from patients with acute hepatitis in china and taiwan. some reports indicated that multiple genotypes of hev could cocirculate in the same area; even distinct genotypes of hev could exist in the same patient. pakistan is a highly endemic area for hepatitis e. ... | 2006 | 17109684 |
| hendra virus infection in a veterinarian. | a veterinarian became infected with hendra virus (hev) after managing a terminally ill horse and performing a limited autopsy with inadequate precautions. although she was initially only mildly ill, serological tests suggested latent hev infection. nevertheless, she remains well 2 years after her initial illness. recently emerged zoonotic viruses, such as hev, necessitate appropriate working procedures and personal protective equipment in veterinary practice. | 2006 | 17115969 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in chronic liver disease causes rapid decompensation. | hepatitis e previously known as enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis, is a self limiting infectious viral disease of developing countries. various issues regarding the pathogenesis of liver injury and its natural history remain unanswered after two decades of its discovery. a small proportion of patients develop fulminant hepatic failure. mortality is very high if it is associated with pregnancy, especially during third trimester. after establishment of hepatitis a virus as a cause of ... | 2006 | 17160100 |
| [five cases of sporadic hepatitis e at hokkaido kitami city in japan]. | 2006 | 17168406 | |
| different fecal shedding patterns of two common strains of hepatitis e virus at three japanese swine farms. | zoonotic infections caused by eating the meat of deer, wild boar, and pig have been suggested in japan, a country that is not epidemic for hepatitis e caused by hepatitis e virus (hev). this virus is widely spread in domestic pigs in both epidemic and non-epidemic countries. we studied fecal hev shedding patterns on three japanese farms that had two common genotype iii hev strains. two of the three farms had high shedding peaks (75% and 100%) in pigs 1-3 months of age, suggesting that these anim ... | 2006 | 17172388 |
| epidemiological study of hepatitis e virus infection of dogs and cats in japan. | 2006 | 17172482 | |
| distribution of human polyomaviruses, adenoviruses, and hepatitis e virus in the environment and in a drinking-water treatment plant. | large numbers of viruses are excreted in human feces and urine, which even at low concentrations may cause illness when ingested. some of these viruses have not been traditionally monitored in terms of waterborne diseases and are considered emergent viruses, such as hepatitis e virus (hev) and jc and bk polyomavirus (jcpyv and bkpyv). the high prevalence of human adenoviruses (hadv) and polyomaviruses, which both show dna genomes, in sewage from widely divergent areas has suggested the relevance ... | 2006 | 17180997 |
| health risks of enteric viral infections in children. | children are at a greater risk of infections from serious enteric viral illness than adults for a number of reasons. most important is the immune system, which is needed to control the infection processes. this difference can lead to more serious infections than in adults, who have fully developed immune systems. there are a number of significant physiological and behavioral differences between adults and children that place children at a greater risk of exposure and a greater risk of serious in ... | 2006 | 16676900 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection in regular hemodialysis patients. | the percentage of patients infected with blood-borne diseases, including hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections, is high in patients undergoing hemodialysis regularly. hepatitis e virus (hev) is transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and blood-borne hev infection has also been reported recently. on the basis of these findings, we investigated the actual status of hev infection in regular hemodialysis patients. out of 1077 patients undergoing hemodialysis at two key hospita ... | 2006 | 16684223 |
| serologic evidence for hepatitis e virus infection in mongoose. | although pig and wild boar are considered to be the reservoirs of hepatitis e virus (hev) in japan, the spread of hev to other animals is unknown. serum samples from 84 mongooses (small asian mongoose; herpestes javanicus) collected in okinawa, japan were examined for antibodies to hev by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and rna was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. seven (8.3%) of 84 mongooses were positive for igg antibodies to hev, and the antibody-positive rate in ... | 2006 | 16687706 |
| transfusion-transmitted virus in association with hepatitis a-e viral infections in various forms of liver diseases in india. | to describe the prevalence of transfusion-transmitted virus (ttv) infection in association with hepatitis a-e viral infections in different forms of liver diseases in north india. | 2006 | 16688839 |
| seroprevalence for hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among volunteer blood donors of the regional blood bank of londrina, state of paraná , brazil. | a cross-sectional study was carried out among 996 volunteer blood donors enrolled from may 1999 to december 1999 to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among volunteer blood donors of the regional blood bank of londrina, state of paraná, brazil, and to evaluate whether the rate of seroprevalence of igg anti-hev antibodies is associated with sociodemographic variables and with seropositivity for hepatitis a virus (hav) infection. all participants answered the questio ... | 2006 | 16699630 |
| swine as a principal reservoir of hepatitis e virus that infects humans in eastern china. | genotype iv hepatitis e virus (hev) has been isolated from humans and swine. to study the relationship between the human and swine reservoirs, we estimated their respective viral burden, analyzed the genetic makeup of the virus populations, and assessed the risk of infection associated with swine farming. | 2006 | 16703507 |
| high mortality associated with an outbreak of hepatitis e among displaced persons in darfur, sudan. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes acute onset of jaundice and a high case-fatality ratio in pregnant women. we provide a clinical description of hospitalized case patients and assess the specific impact on pregnant women during a large epidemic of hev infection in a displaced population in mornay camp (78,800 inhabitants), western darfur, sudan. | 2006 | 16705571 |
| a large outbreak of hepatitis e among a displaced population in darfur, sudan, 2004: the role of water treatment methods. | the conflict in darfur, sudan, was responsible for the displacement of 1.8 million civilians. we investigated a large outbreak of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in mornay camp (78,800 inhabitants) in western darfur. | 2006 | 16705572 |