Publications

effects of heat stress on the antimicrobial drug resistance of escherichia coli of the intestinal flora of swine.	the effects of heat stress on the antimicrobial drug resistance of escherichia coli of the intestinal tract of swine were studied in animals from a farm that had not been supplementing antimicrobials in feed for the past 10 years. in one study, 10 finisher hogs were heat stressed (34 degrees c) for 24 h. antimicrobial resistance levels after stress were significantly higher (p < 0.05) when compared with pre-stress levels for amikacin, ampicillin, cephalothin, neomycin and tetracycline from faeca ...	2000	10792544
antibiotic resistance monitoring: the spanish programme. the vav network. red de vigilancia de resistencias antibióticas en bacterias de origen veterinario.	antimicrobial resistance is a problem in modern public health and antimicrobial use and especially misuse, the most important selecting force for bacterial antibiotic resistance. as this resistance must be monitored we have designed the spanish network 'red de vigilancia de resistencias antibióticas en bacterias de origen veterinario'. this network covers the three critical points of veterinary responsibility, bacteria from sick animals, bacteria from healthy animals and bacteria from food anima ...	2000	10794948
ecological impact of antibiotic use in animals on different complex microflora: environment.	different means of interaction between microecological systems in different animal hosts (including humans) and the environment may occur during the transfer of resistant bacteria and their resistance genes. spread of resistance takes place in different ways with respect to clonal spread of resistance strains by the spread of wide host range plasmids and translocatable elements. commensals in ecosystems have a special significance and a pronounced capacity for acquisition and transfer of resista ...	2000	10794954
cloning and expression of glycolipid transfer protein from bovine and porcine brain.	glycolipid transfer protein (gltp) is a small (23-24 kda), basic protein (pi congruent with 9.0) that accelerates the intermembrane transfer of various glycolipids. here, we report the first cloning of cdnas that encode the bovine and porcine gltps. the cdna open reading frame for bovine gltp was constructed by bridge-overlapping extension polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after obtaining partial coding cdna clones by hot start, seminested, and rapid amplification of cdna ends-pcr. the cdna open r ...	2000	10671554
specificity of the wound-induced leucine aminopeptidase (lap-a) of tomato activity on dipeptide and tripeptide substrates.	wounding of tomato leaves results in the accumulation of an exoprotease called leucine aminopeptidase (lap-a) that preferentially hydrolyzes amino acid-p-nitroanilide and -beta-naphthylamide substrates with n-terminal leu, met and arg residues. to determine the substrate specificity of lap-a on more natural substrates, the rates of hydrolysis of 60 dipeptide and seven tripeptide substrates were determined. for comparison, the specificities of the porcine and escherichia coli laps were evaluated ...	2000	10672029
identification by mutagenesis of arginines in the substrate binding site of the porcine nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase.	pig heart mitochondrial nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase is the most extensively studied among the mammalian isocitrate dehydrogenases. the crystal structure of escherichia coli isocitrate dehydrogenase and sequence alignment of porcine with e. coli isocitrate dehydrogenase suggests that the porcine arg(101), arg(110), arg(120), and arg(133) are candidates for roles in substrate binding. the four arginines were separately mutated to glutamine using a polymerase chain reaction method. wild ...	2000	10681542
the effect of cvvhd and endotoxin on the oxidative burst, adhesion molecules and distribution in tissues of granulocytes.	extracorporeal circulation, such as cardiopulmonary bypass and haemodialysis, has been associated with an activation of the immune system, especially the granulocytes. continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration (cvvhd) is used in critically ill septic patients. during cvvhd cytokines are excreted in the ultrafiltrate. but when the membranes used in cvvhd are cultured with granulocytes, the granulocytes are slightly activated. this effect is potentiated by endotoxin. we therefore, in vivo, compare ...	2000	10945396
cloning, post-translational modifications, heterologous expression and ligand-binding of boar salivary lipocalin.	boar submaxillary glands produce the sex-specific salivary lipocalin (sal), which binds steroidal sex pheromones as endogenous ligands. the cdna encoding sal was cloned and sequenced. from a single individual, two protein isoforms, differing in three amino acid residues, were purified and structurally characterized by a combined edman degradation/ms approach. these experiments ascertained that the mature polypeptide is composed of 168 amino acid residues, that one of the three putative glycosyla ...	2000	10947950
identification of the gene encoding bmpb, a 30 kda outer envelope lipoprotein of brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae, and immunogenicity of recombinant bmpb in mice and pigs.	a gene encoding a 30kda outer envelope protein of the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli strain xlolr. five phagemids containing dna inserts encoding the protein were established and one clone (psha) was sequenced. an 816bp hypothetical open reading frame (orf) was identified, with a potential ribosome binding site (aggag), and putative -10 (tataat) and -35 (ttgaaa) promoter regions upstream from the atg start of the orf. a ...	2000	10973699
expression of trigonopsis variabilis d-amino acid oxidase gene in escherichia coli and characterization of its inactive mutants.	the d-amino acid oxidase cdna gene (daao) of trigonopsis variabilis was prepared by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and cloned into escherichia coli expression vector, ptrc99a, under the control of tac promoter. expression of daao gene significantly affected the growth and morphology of e. coli. the highest d-amino acid oxidase (daao) activity was 705 u (mg of protein)(-)(1), which was about 12-fold higher than that of d-alanine-induced t. variabilis. the daao protein exhib ...	2000	10978770
cloning, expression and characterisation of a recombinant triosephosphate isomerase from taenia solium.	we isolated and characterised the cdna that encodes the glycolytic enzyme, triosephosphate isomerase from taenia solium. a 450 bp dna fragment was obtained by the polymerase chain reaction using a cdna from larval stage as template and degenerate oligonucleotides designed from conserved polypeptide sequences from tpis of several organisms. the fragment was used to screen a t. solium larval stage cdna library. the isolated cdna, encoding a protein of 250 amino acids shares 44.8-59.6% positional i ...	2000	10980291
[the immunomodulating properties of translam].	effect of translam--beta-1,3;1,6-d-glucan on some of naturally occurring host protective mechanisms was investigated. it was shown that translam has potent biological activity: it has preventive effect on experimental bacterial infections, it stimulates absorbtion and digestion activity of mononuclear phagocytes, it effects on humoral and cell immunity. translam had mitogenic activity.	2000	10987100
incorporation of nitrotyrosine into alpha-tubulin by recombinant mammalian tubulin-tyrosine ligase.	tubulin-tyrosine ligase (ttl, ec 6.3.2.25) from porcine brain, which catalyses the readdition of tyrosine to the c-terminus of detyrosinated alpha-tubulin, was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli as a glutathione s-transferase-fusion protein. upon cleavage of the immobilised fusion protein, an electrophoretically homogeneous enzyme was obtained. recombinant ttl, which exhibited similar catalytic properties as the mammalian enzyme purified from brain tissue, was capable of using nitrotyrosin ...	2000	11004583
24-hydroxycholesterol is a substrate for hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase (cyp7a).	(24s)-hydroxycholesterol is formed from cholesterol in the brain and is important for cholesterol homeostasis in this organ. elimination of (24s)-hydroxycholesterol has been suggested to occur in the liver but little is known about the metabolism of this oxysterol. in the present investigation, we report formation of 7alpha, 24-dihydroxycholesterol in pig and human liver. 7alpha-hydroxylase activity toward both isomers of 24-hydroxycholesterol [(24s) and (24r)] was found in a partially purified ...	2000	11013305
inhibition of enterotoxin-induced porcine colonic secretion by diarylsulfonylureas in vitro.	muscle-stripped piglet colon was used to evaluate changes in short-circuit current (i(sc)) as an indicator of anion secretion. mucosal exposure to escherichia coli heat-stable (sta) or heat-labile enterotoxins (lt) stimulated i(sc) by 32 +/- 5 and 42 +/- 7 microa/cm(2), respectively. enterotoxin-stimulated i(sc) was not significantly affected by either 4,4'-diaminostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid or cdcl(2), inhibitors of ca(2+)-activated cl(-) channels and clc-2 channels, respectively. alternativ ...	2000	11053008
cloning, expression and characterization of the pig liver gdp-mannose pyrophosphorylase. evidence that gdp-mannose and gdp-glc pyrophosphorylases are different proteins.	gdp-man, the mannosyl donor for most man-containing polymers is formed by the transfer of man-1-p to gtp to form gdp-man and ppi. this reaction is catalyzed by the widespread and essential enzyme, gdp-man pyrophosphorylase (gmpp). the pig liver gmpp consists of an alpha subunit (43 kda) and a beta subunit (37 kda). purified pig gmpp catalyzes the synthesis of gdp-glc (from glc-1-p and gtp) and gdp-man (from man-1-p and gtp), but has higher activity for the formation of gdp-glc than for synthesis ...	2000	11082198
chromium-induced glucose uptake, superoxide anion production, and phagocytosis in cultured pulmonary alveolar macrophages of weanling pigs.	the dose-dependent effects of chromium chloride (crcl3) and chromium picolinate (crpic) were evaluated for their glucose uptake, superoxide anion (o2-) production, activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and phagocytosis of incubated pulmonary alveolar macrophages in medium containing no or 5 x 10(-8)m insulin. glucose uptake was found to increase in cells treated with 20 microg/l crcl3. incubation with 20 microg/l of crpic enhanced glucose uptake and o2- production in an insulin-dependen ...	2000	11097471
adenovirus-mediated triple gene transfer of human complement regulating proteins to the porcine endothelial cell.		2000	11120272
hepatic o2 exchange and liver energy metabolism in hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia: effects of iloprost.	to compare the effects of a 12 h continuous infusion of iloprost, a stable prostacyclin analogue, on hepatic blood flow (qliv), o2 exchange, and energy metabolism during a 24 h hyperdynamic, porcine endotoxemia with volume resuscitation alone.	2000	11126268
identification of escherichia coli recovered from milk of sows with coliform mastitis by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) using standardized reagents.	a standardized-reagents commercial kit for random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used for typing 58 escherichia coli strains that were recovered from the milk of sows, having coliform mastitis, within a single swineherd in sweden. previously, the 58 e. coli strains were characterized serologically and profiled biochemically. they were also evaluated for their serum resistance and their ability to adhere to fibronectin and bovine fetal fibroblasts. the rapd analysis was fast, easil ...	2000	11126575
phenylarsine oxide inhibits nitric oxide synthase in pulmonary artery endothelial cells.	the role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation during regulation of no synthase (enos) activity in endothelial cells is poorly understood. studies to define this role have used inhibitors of tyrosine kinase or tyrosine phosphatase (tp). phenylarsine oxide (pao), an inhibitor of tp, has been reported to bind thiol groups, and recent work from our laboratory demonstrates that enos activity depends on thiol groups at its catalytic site. therefore, we hypothesized that pao may have a direct effect on ...	2000	11281283
use of chlorhexidine-releasing nylon fibres to reduce device-related uterine infections.	implantation of intrauterine devices (iuds) is associated with an increased incidence of uterine infection, probably as a result of vaginal bacteria entering the uterus at the time of insertion. to reduce the incidence of iud-related infections, the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into the tail of the device was studied. chlorhexidine was shown to be released from within nylon hollow fibres at a rate of approximately 114 microg x day(-1) for 10 days. this rate of release was sufficient to ...	2000	10828710
phase variation of f165(1) (prs-like) fimbriae from escherichia coli causing septicaemia in animals.	escherichia coli o115:f165 strains are associated with septicaemia in young pigs and synthesize fimbriae involved in virulence, designated as f165(1). f165(1) fimbriae belong to the p fimbrial family and are encoded by the foo gene cluster. the foo regulatory region of strain 5131 possesses characteristics similar to that of members of the p regulatory family, including papi and papb homologues, and two gatc sites separated by 102 bp, targets of differential dam methylation. in wild-type strains ...	2000	11142399
assay of malate dehydrogenase. a substrate for the e. coli chaperonins groel and groes.		2000	11484479
localization of heat shock proteins in clinical actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains and their effects on epithelial cell proliferation.	actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is an important pathogen in periodontitis. in the present study we localized the groel- and dnak-like heat shock proteins (hsp) in subcellular fractions of 12 a. actinomycetemcomitans strains of various clinical origin and compared their effects on periodontal epithelial cell proliferation and viability. in all strains, groel-like protein was found in the membrane, cytoplasm, and periplasm, whereas dnak-like protein was present in the cytoplasm and periplasm. ...	2000	10620671
characterization of the african swine fever virus protein p49: a new late structural polypeptide.	the open reading frame b438l, located within the ecori b fragment of the african swine fever virus genome, is predicted to encode a protein of 438 amino acids with a molecular mass of 49.3 kda. it presents a cell attachment rgd (arg-gly-asp) motif but no other significant similarity to protein sequences in databases. northern blot and primer extension analysis showed that b438l is transcribed only at late times during virus infection. the b438l gene product has been expressed in escherichia coli ...	2000	10640542
comparison of membrane filtration rates and hydrophobic grid membrane filter coliform and escherichia coli counts in food suspensions using paddle-type and pulsifier sample preparation procedures.	food suspensions prepared by pulsifier contained less debris and filtered 1.3x to 12x faster through hydrophobic grid membrane filters (hgmfs) than those prepared by stomacher 400. coliform and escherichia coli counts made by an hgmf method yielded 84 and 36 paired samples, respectively, positive by both suspending methods. overall counts of pulsificates and stomachates did not differ significantly for either analysis, though coliform counts by pulsifier were significantly higher in mushrooms an ...	2000	10643783
gastroprokinetic effect and mechanism of sk-896, a new motilin analogue, during the interdigestive period in conscious dogs.	sk-896 [(leu(13))motilin-hse] is a new human motilin analogue synthesized from escherichia coli using a biotechnological method. we investigated the gastrointestinal motor-stimulating effect of sk-896 and the mechanism of this effect using implanted force transducers in conscious dogs. infusion of sk-896 during phase i in the interdigestive state induced interdigestive migrating contractions like motility in the gastroduodenum. the motility index (mi(0-20)) of gastric antrum motor activity induc ...	2001	11490202
aerosolized surfactant therapy for endotoxin-induced experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome in rats.	we have compared the effects of inhalation of aerosolized surfactant on experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome. escherichia coli endotoxin (55 (sd 20) mg kg(-1)) was injected into the tracheas of 36 adult rats anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated with pure oxygen. when the pa(o(2)) decreased to 11.3 (3.3) kpa, the animals were randomly subjected to inhalation of aerosolized modified natural surfactant (mns) for 0 min (control group), 30, 60, and 120 min. in the control group, pa(o ...	2001	11493500
effects of combined selective inos inhibition and peroxynitrite blockade during endotoxemia in pigs.	we investigated the effect of mercaptoethylguanidine (meg, 3 mg kg(-1)h(-1)), a combined selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) inhibitor, a peroxynitrite and oxygen free radical scavenger with cyclooxygenase-inhibitor properties on intestinal and hepatic perfusion, o2 exchange, and metabolism during long-term hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia. meg was started 12 h after onset of endotoxemia. at baseline and after 12, 18, and 24 h of endotoxemia, hepatic arterial and portal venous blood ...	2001	11508865
mutagenesis of hepatitis c virus e1 protein affects its membrane-permeabilizing activity.	the e1 glycoprotein of hepatitis c virus is a transmembrane glycoprotein with a c-terminal anchor domain. when expressed in escherichia coli, e1 induces a change in membrane permeability that is toxic to the bacterial cell. the c-terminal hydrophobic region (aa 331-383) of e1 is mainly responsible for membrane association and for inducing changes in membrane permeability. these observed changes are similar to those produced in e. coli by influenza virus m2, human immunodeficiency virus gp41 and ...	2001	11514735
irreversible inhibition of pig kidney copper-containing amine oxidase by sodium and lithium ions.	copper amine oxidase was found to be inhibited in a complex way by small alkali metal ions. classic enzyme kinetic studies showed that li+ and na+ were weak noncompetitive inhibitors, whereas the larger alkali metals k+, rb+ and cs+ were not inhibitors. however, freezing in the presence of na+ or li+ surprisingly resulted in complete and irreversible inactivation. in the case of li+, it was possible to show that one ion per subunit was retained permanently in the inactivated enzyme, suggesting a ...	2001	11532005
a comparison of the groe chaperonin requirements for sequentially and structurally homologous malate dehydrogenases: the importance of folding kinetics and solution environment.	escherichia coli malate dehydrogenase (ecmdh) and its eukaryotic counterpart, porcine mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (pmmdh), are highly homologous proteins with significant sequence identity (60%) and virtually identical native structural folds. despite this homology, ecmdh folds rapidly and efficiently in vitro and does not seem to interact with groe chaperonins at physiological temperatures (37 degrees c), whereas pmmdh folds much slower than ecmdh and requires these chaperonins to fold t ...	2001	11551947
postovulatory effect of intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (escherichia coli, o55:b5) on the endocrine status of recently ovulated sows.	the effects of lipopolysaccharide (escherichia coli, o55:b5), administered 18 h after ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning on the hormonal profiles in 14 swedish cross-bred (landrace x yorkshire) multiparous sows were studied. the endotoxin group (e-group) sows were administered with 300 ng/kg of lipopolysaccharide (lps) whereas the control group (c-group) sows were administered 5 ml of saline intravenously via an indwelling jugular cannula. blood samples for hormonal analyses were coll ...	2001	11555362
detection of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in cultures from nasal and tonsillar swabs of pigs by a pcr assay based on the nucleotide sequence of a dsbe-like gene.	a pcr assay for the detection of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was developed based on the amplification of a dsbe-like gene. all of 157 field isolates of a. pleuropneumoniae reacted in the pcr by the amplification of a 342bp product. no reaction was observed with related bacterial species or other bacterial species isolated from pigs, except for a. lignieresii. the lower detection limit of the pcr was 10(2) cfu per pcr test tube and was not affected by the addition of 10(6) cfu escherichia col ...	2001	11557155
chromosomal integration and expression of the escherichia coli k88 gene cluster in salmonella enterica ser. choleraesuis strain 54 (sc54).	attempts to develop live vaccines to protect against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) infection by induction of both cell-mediated and mucosal immunity, and serum antibody responses have included use of recombinant salmonella strains that produce k88 fimbrial antigens (hone et al., 1988; attridge et al., 1988; morona et al., 1994). however, none of the recombinant salmonella vectors has been licensed by the united states department of agriculture (usda) for use as a live vaccine in pigs i ...	2001	11557158
evidence for transfer of cmy-2 ampc beta-lactamase plasmids between escherichia coli and salmonella isolates from food animals and humans.	escherichia coli is an important pathogen that shows increasing antimicrobial resistance in isolates from both animals and humans. our laboratory recently described salmonella isolates from food animals and humans that expressed an identical plasmid-mediated, ampc-like beta-lactamase, cmy-2. in the present study, 59 of 377 e. coli isolates from cattle and swine (15.6%) and 6 of 1,017 (0.6%) isolates of human e. coli from the same geographic region were resistant to both cephamycins and extended- ...	2001	11557460
salmonella spp. and escherichia coli biotype i on swine carcasses processed under the hazard analysis and critical control point-based inspection models project.	the present study examined the prevalence of salmonella spp. and the prevalence and quantity of generic (biotype i) escherichia coli on carcasses or in pig feces at a pork processing plant operating under the hazard analysis and critical control point-based inspection models project (himp) program. the surfaces of carcasses were sponged on 10 separate days over a 30-day period at two processing steps: (i) immediately following exsanguination (100 carcasses), and (ii) after the carcasses were was ...	2001	11563504
improved vectors for expression library immunization--application to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs.	expression library immunization (eli) has previously been used in a number of disease models in mice. here, we describe the first example of the application of eli to a large animal model with the immunization of pigs against enzootic pneumonia, a disease caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the development of new plasmid vectors and library screening methods facilitated the application of eli to this disease by allowing random libraries to be screened for clones expressing recombinant proteins. ...	2001	11567754
[comparative evaluation of the neutrophilokine-inducing activity of yersinia pestis ev and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides].	as shown in this study, neutrophilokine-inducing capacity of y. pestis ev lipopolysaccharide (lps) was not inferior to, and in secondary immune response even exceeded, that of e. coli lps. neutrophilokines synthesized under the action of the former preparation produced greater influence on the inhibition of macrophage migration from the focus of infection, the phagocytic activity of these cells (in secondary immune response) and the labilization of the lysosomic membranes of macrophages than neu ...	2001	11569259
[chronic experimental bacteremia in yucatan micropigs].	the yucatan micropig has been used to develop an experimental model of chronic bacteremia. this animal exhibits clinical and biological characteristics that are close to those in humans, and the pharmacokinetic behaviours of many classes of drugs in this model are similar to those in man. six adult female were intravenously inoculated with a mean escherichia coli inoculum of 5.1 x 10(9) bacteria. during five days of spontaneous evolution, the medical follow-up includes biological, clinical and b ...	2001	11642022
comparative analysis of folding and substrate binding sites between regulated hexameric type ii citrate synthases and unregulated dimeric type i enzymes.	we describe the first structure determination of a type ii citrate synthase, an enzyme uniquely found in gram-negative bacteria. such enzymes are hexameric and are strongly and specifically inhibited by nadh through an allosteric mechanism. this is in contrast to the widespread dimeric type i citrate synthases found in other organisms, which do not show allosteric properties. our structure of the hexameric type ii citrate synthase from escherichia coli is composed of three identical dimer units ...	2001	11683626
in vitro binding characteristics and affinity for sulfatide of escherichia coli stb enterotoxin.	it has previously been demonstrated that sulfatide (3'-sulfogalactosyl-ceramide), present at the surface of epithelial cells of the small intestine of pigs, interacts with the thermostable enterotoxin b (stb) produced by etec, and that this molecule is implicated in the mechanism of action of the toxin. however, few things are known about the affinity and physical characteristics of the interaction between these two macromolecules. in this study, using a microtiter plate binding assay (mpba), we ...	2001	11697082
[immunotropic activity of panaxans--bioglycans isolated from ginseng].	immunomodulating activity of panaxanes--polysaccharides isolated from the roots and culture of panax ginseng was studied. effects of both preparations were analogous. profilaxy use of panaxanes provided increased resistance to coli-sepsis in mice, increased neutrophiles and macrophages phagocytosis, stimulated humoral and cell immune factors and induced important regulating cytokins--interferone gamma and tumor necrosis factor.	2001	11697239
prevalence and characteristics of shigatoxin-producing escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from minced meat in switzerland.	a total of 400 minced meat samples from 240 small butcheries in switzerland were collected and analysed for the presence of shigatoxin-producing e. coli (stec) and listeria monocytogenes. the samples comprised 211 samples of minced beef and 189 samples of minced pork. shigatoxin-producing e. coli was isolated from 7/400 (1.75%) samples. in particular, 5/211 (2.3%) minced beef samples and 2/189 (1%) minced pork samples were contaminated. serotyping of the seven strains yielded five different sero ...	2001	11759763
phenotypic and genotypic characterization of escherichia coli verotoxin-producing isolates from humans and pigs.	the aim of this study was to characterize verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) isolates obtained from humans and pigs in the same geographic areas and during the same period of time in order to determine whether porcine vtec isolates could be related to human cases of diarrhea and also to detect the presence of virulence factors in these isolates. from 1,352 human and 620 porcine fecal samples, 11 human and 18 porcine verotoxin-positive isolates were obtained by the vt immunoblot or the i ...	2001	11770615
microbial and quality attributes of ground pork prepared from commercial pork trim treated with combination intervention processes.	the effects of combination intervention treatments of commercial pork trim on microbial and quality attributes of the subsequent ground pork were examined. fresh commercial pork trim was inoculated with swine feces and subjected to five different intervention treatments: (i) control (untreated), (ii) water (15 degrees c, 120 s), (iii) water followed by 2% lactic acid wash (15 degrees c, 75 s), (iv) combination 1 (water plus lactic acid plus hot air [510 degrees c, 90 s]), and (v) combination 2 ( ...	2001	11770627
organic acid profiles in feces of pigs with pathogenic or non-pathogenic diarrhea.	a chemical characteristic of the feces of diarrheal piglets permits differentiation among piglets receiving antibiotic treatment and those with colibacillosis or dyspepsia. a high concentration of lactic or succinic acid was observed in the diarrheic feces of piglets receiving antibiotic treatments and those with dyspepsia; however, no lactic or succinic acids were detected in piglets with colibacillosis. there was, however, little difference in the total concentration of organic acids among the ...	2001	11789618
novel genes affecting urease acivity in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.	characterization of a series of urease-negative transposon mutations of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae revealed that many of the mutants had insertions 2 to 4 kbp upstream of the urease gene cluster. a 5-kbp upstream region of dna was sequenced and found to contain six open reading frames (orfs) transcribed in the same orientation as the urease genes. as well, a partial orf, apur, 202 bp upstream of these six orfs, is transcribed in the opposite orientation. the predicted product of this partia ...	2001	11157936
bacterial expression of an immunologically reactive pcv2 orf2 fusion protein.	the entire coding region of open reading frame 2 (orf2) of porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) was linked to the 3'-end of the maltose-binding protein (mbp)-his(8)-tag gene. the fusion protein was expressed as soluble form after induction by isopropylthio-beta-d-galactoside. mbp-his(8)-orf2 was purified to homogeneity by immobilized metal affinity chromatography based on the interaction of the polyhistidine-tag with metal ions. expression could represent 1% of the total protein in escherichia coli, allo ...	2001	11162395
resistance patterns of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated from animals, food and asymptomatic human carriers in switzerland.	the objective of the present study was to determine the resistance patterns of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains isolated from different sources in switzerland during the period 1997-99 as an epidemiological marker.	2001	11169054
occurrence and virulence factors of non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in retail meat in dunedin, new zealand.	retail raw meat was sampled for the presence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) using enrichment culture and vero cell assay. the stec obtained were serotyped and tested for enterohaemolysin (ehly) production and the eae gene. the presence of shiga toxin genes (stx) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. a total of 18 stec were isolated accounting for 12% of beef, 17% of lamb and 4% of pork samples. five isolates produced ehly but none possessed the eae gene. five isolates wer ...	2001	11169055
development of a competitive elisa using a truncated e2 recombinant protein as antigen for detection of antibodies to classical swine fever virus.	the sequence encoding a truncated e2 glycoprotein of the alfort/187 strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was expressed in escherichia coli using the pet expression system and the recombinant product purified by ni-nta agarose affinity chromatography. the antigenicity of this recombinant protein was demonstrated by immunoblot using anti- csfv-specific antibodies. a monoclonal antibody was produced against the truncated e2 protein and used as competitor in an elisa for the detection of ant ...	2001	11170845
effects of adenosine on extravascular lung water content in endotoxemic pigs.	to investigate whether adenosine protects against endotoxin-induced increments in extravascular lung water content.	2001	11801842
jejunal luminal nitric oxide during severe hypovolemia and sepsis in anesthetized pigs.	lowered gut blood perfusion and the associated intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction is considered important in the pathophysiology leading to critical illness. intestinal mucosal nitric oxide formation has been attributed a key role in the regulation of epithelial permeability and other properties of the intestinal mucosal barrier. this study was performed to delineate intestinal mucosal no formation during hypovolemia or sepsis, both of which are associated with intestinal hypoperfusion.	2001	11810126
eae-negative attaching and effacing escherichia coli from piglets with diarrhea.	one hundred and ninety strains of escherichia coli that were isolated from pigs with diarrhea in the state of são paulo, brazil, and that were negative for enterotoxins and cytotoxins were investigated. strains which adhered to hela cells were examined for fluorescence actin staining (fas), the ability to induce attaching and effacing (a/e) lesions on hep-2 cells detectable by transmission electron microscopy and the presence of eae gene sequences detected by pcr. intimin production was detected ...	2001	11281328
mechanical ventilation-induced air-space enlargement during experimental pneumonia in piglets.	mechanical ventilation-induced air-space enlargement was investigated in a porcine model of multifocal pneumonia. following the intrabronchial inoculation of escherichia coli, 9 piglets (22 +/- 2 kg) were ventilated with a tidal volume (vt) of 15 ml/kg for 43 +/- 15 h. five noninoculated piglets ventilated for 60 h with the same vt served as control animals. following death, the lungs were fixed and lung morphometry was assessed. in inoculated animals, unventilated infected and normally ventilat ...	2001	11282773
vaccination with the glycoprotein d gene of pseudorabies virus delivered by nonpathogenic escherichia coli elicits protective immune responses.	attenuated intracellular bacteria, such as salmonella and shigella, have been exploited to act as gene delivery vectors. in this study, we report that nonpathogenic, live escherichia coli can be used for the delivery of dna vaccines in vivo, leading to generation of immune responses against plasmid-encoded foreign antigens. the pseudorabies virus (prv) dna vaccine carrying the glycoprotein d (gd) gene delivered by e. coli was able to induce protective immune responses in mice against a lethal pr ...	2001	11312026
factors influencing consumer demand for u.s. pork exported to the republic of korea (south korea).	the potential market for single-ribbed bellies and boston butts in south korea was characterized and quantitative selection criteria were identified for use by u.s. packers when selecting pork for export. south korean retail meat market managers and traders/wholesalers in seoul and pusan were interviewed and asked to identify the quality attributes that are considered when making pork-purchasing decisions. in addition, pork labeling characteristics and meat display case measurements and space al ...	2001	11325196
the microbiological effects of trimming sticking wounds in pasteurized pig carcasses.	neither pasteurizing of uneviscerated carcasses nor trimming reduced the numbers of total aerobic bacteria recovered from sticking wounds in pig carcasses. however, trimming after pasteurizing increased the numbers of coliforms and escherichia coli recovered from sticking wounds, whereas pasteurizing without trimming reduced these counts.	2001	11326635
a longitudinal study on enteropathogenic infections of livestock in trinidad.	a longitudinal study was conducted on selected livestock farms to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic animals. the enteropathogens assayed from faecal samples and rectal swabs were bacteria (escherichia coli, campylobacter spp. salmonella spp. and yersinia enterocolitica), parasites (coccidia, gastrointestinal nematodes and cryptosporidium spp.) and viruses (group a rotavirus and parvovirus). the prevalence of the enteropathogens in various animal species ...	2001	11340494
evaluation of an optical microbiological method for rapidly estimating populations of aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and escherichia coli from ground pork.	the biosys optical methods for estimating populations of aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and escherichia coli from ground pork were evaluated. ground pork samples were analyzed immediately, after temperature abuse at 25 degrees c for various periods of time, or after temperature abuse and dilution by mixing with pork that was prepared by grinding whole muscles that had the outer portion excised using a sterile scalpel. each ground pork sample was tested using standard methods such as aerobic plate ...	2001	11347998
sequence analyses of a broad host-range plasmid containing ermt from a tylosin-resistant lactobacillus sp. isolated from swine feces.	anaerobic bacteria resistant to the macrolide antibiotics tylosin and erythromycin were isolated from the feces of swine. one of the strains, 121b, was initially identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis as an unknown lactobacillus sp. the strain was found to contain at least two plasmids, one of which was capable of replicating and providing erythromycin and tylosin resistance to bacillus subtilis, streptococcus gordonii, and escherichia coli. dna sequence analyses of the 4,232-bp plasmid, p121b ...	2001	11375658
african swine fever virus structural protein pe120r is essential for virus transport from assembly sites to plasma membrane but not for infectivity.	this report examines the role of african swine fever virus (asfv) structural protein pe120r in virus replication. immunoelectron microscopy revealed that protein pe120r localizes at the surface of the intracellular virions. consistent with this, coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that protein pe120r binds to the major capsid protein p72. moreover, it was found that, in cells infected with an asfv recombinant that inducibly expresses protein p72, the incorporation of pe120r into the virus partic ...	2001	11435554
high-level soluble production and characterization of porcine ribonuclease inhibitor.	ribonucleases can be cytotoxic if they retain their ribonucleolytic activity in the cytosol. the cytosolic ribonucleolytic activity of ribonuclease a (rnase a) and other pancreatic-type ribonucleases is limited by the presence of excess ribonuclease inhibitor (ri). ri is a 50-kda cytosolic scavenger of pancreatic-type ribonucleases that competitively inhibits their ribonucleolytic activity. ri had been overproduced as inclusion bodies, but its folding in vitro is inefficient. here, porcine ri (p ...	2001	11437592
risk factors for intestinal pathogens in danish finishing pig herds.	the objective of this investigation was to identify risk factors for infection with the intestinal bacteria: lawsonia intracellularis, brachyspira hyodysenteriae, serpulina intermedia, brachyspira innocens, brachyspira pilosicoli and swine-pathogenic escherichia coli (serogroups o138, o139, o141 and o149) in danish finishing pig herds.a total of 79 herds was randomly selected and visited during 1998. from each herd, 20 faecal samples were collected from individual pigs weighing 30-50 kg. in tota ...	2001	11448502
retinol palmitate counteracts oxidative injury during experimental septic shock.	retinols seem to be of clinical importance in ameliorating the clinical consequences of septic shock. these beneficial effects of retinols are suggested to be due to an antioxidant property. the present study was undertaken in order to confirm or rule out such an effect of retinol palmitate (rp) in experimental septic shock by measuring f2-isoprostanes and a major prostaglandin f2 alpha metabolite as indicators of oxidative injury and inflammatory response, respectively.	2001	11455740
identification of the enzymatic active site of tobacco caffeoyl-coenzyme a o-methyltransferase by site-directed mutagenesis.	animal catechol o-methyltransferases and plant caffeoyl-coenzyme a o-methyltransferases share about 20% sequence identity and display common structural features. the crystallographic structure of rat liver catechol o-methyltransferase was used as a template to construct a homology model for tobacco caffeoyl-coenzyme a o-methyltransferase. integrating substrate specificity data, the three-dimensional model identified several amino acid residues putatively involved in substrate binding. these resi ...	2001	11459845
effects of nondigestible oligosaccharides on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and nonpathogenic escherichia coli in the pig small intestine in vitro.	an in vitro intestinal tissue model was developed for the investigation of bacterial association in the pig small intestine under different dietary regimes. in preliminary experiments, jejunal and ileal tissue was taken from danish landrace pigs fed standard diet and inoculated with either salmonella or nonpathogenic escherichia coli strains. higher numbers of salmonellae associated with the ileal tissues, but the numbers did not reach significance. hence, jejunal sections were inoculated with n ...	2001	11472909
prevalence of eaea+ escherichia coli isolated from pigs with diarrhea.	a total of 600 escherichia coli strains isolated from 382 preweaned and 197 postweaned pigs with diarrhea were tested for the presence of the eaea gene by polymerase chain reaction techniques. of the 393 isolates from preweaned pigs, 23 (5.8%) e. coli strains isolated from 23 pigs carried the eaea gene. of the 207 isolates from postweaned pigs, 9 (4.3%) e. coli strains isolated from 9 pigs carried the eaea gene. the results suggest that eaea+ e. coli is associated with diarrhea in pre- and postw ...	2001	11478612
inhibition of neutrophil elastase prevents cathelicidin activation and impairs clearance of bacteria from wounds.	the host defense roles of neutrophil elastase in a porcine skin wound chamber model were explored. analysis of wound fluid by acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, western blot, and bacterial overlay confirmed that the neutrophil-derived protegrins constituted the major stable antimicrobial polypeptide in the wound fluid. the application to the wound of 0.10 and 0.25 mm n-methoxysuccinyl-alanine-alanine-proline-valine (aapv) chloromethyl ketone, a specific neutrophil elastase inhibitor ( ...	2001	11133774
evidence for horizontal transfer of ssudat1i restriction-modification genes to the streptococcus suis genome.	different strains of streptococcus suis serotypes 1 and 2 isolated from pigs either contained a restriction-modification (r-m) system or lacked it. the r-m system was an isoschizomer of streptococcus pneumoniae dpnii, which recognizes nucleotide sequence 5'-gatc-3'. the nucleotide sequencing of the genes encoding the r-m system in s. suis dat1, designated ssudat1i, showed that the ssudat1i gene region contained two methyltransferase genes, designated ssuma and ssumb, as does the dpnii system. th ...	2001	11133943
sequence analysis of the aminoacylase-1 family. a new proposed signature for metalloexopeptidases.	the amino acid sequence analysis of the human and porcine aminoacylases-1, the carboxypeptidase s precursor from saccharomyces cerevisiae, the succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase from escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae and corynebacterium glutamicum, the acetylornithine deacetylase from escherichia coli and dictyostelium discoideum and the carboxypeptidase g(2) precursor from pseudomonas strain, using the basic local alignment search tool (blast) and the position-specific iterated blast ...	2001	11250542
human lens thioltransferase: cloning, purification, and function.	to clone the human lens thioltransferase (ttase) gene and to purify, characterize and study the possible function of the recombinant human lens thioltransferase (rhlt).	2001	11222536
[rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli in food with multiplex pcr assay].	rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) in food was achieved by using multiplex pcr assay. the assay was designed to amplify the 1109, 302 and 228 bp regions of corresponding virulence genes eaea, hlyab, slt1 and/or slt2, by using specific primers for each one reaction. in 60 ehec and other strains, the above three virulence gene sequences were co-amplified from dna isolated from 12 ehec o157:h7 strains, 1 o26:h11 strain and 1 o111:h8 strain; eaea sequence was amplified from ...	2001	12561602
interaction between hemoglobin and glutathione in the regulation of blood flow in normal and septic pigs.	hemoglobin (hb) induces vasoconstriction by heme group binding nitric oxide in an irreversible fashion. recent in vitro studies indicate that the thiol groups in hb reversibly bind nitric oxide and participate in trans-nitrosylation reactions with other thiols. sepsis is a pathophysiologic state characterized by vasodilation mediated, at least in part, by an excessive release of nitric oxide. the role of nitrosothiols (rsnos) in these changes is unknown.	2002	12441760
observation of additional calcium ion in the crystal structure of the triple mutant k56,120,121m of bovine pancreatic phospholipase a2.	phospholipase a(2) catalyses hydrolysis of the ester bond at the c2 position of 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. here we report the 1.9a resolution crystal structure of the triple mutant k56,120,121m of bovine pancreatic phospholipase a(2). the structure was solved by molecular replacement method using the orthorhombic form of the recombinant phospholipase a(2). the final protein model contains all the 123 amino acid residues, two calcium ions, 125 water molecules and one 2-methyl-2-4-pentanediol molecul ...	2002	12460575
succinate accumulation in pig large intestine during antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the constitution of succinate-producing flora.	succinate was the major organic acid detected in the hindgut content of pigs suffering from antibiotic-associated diarrhea. antibiotic-associated diarrhea was induced by an oral dose of polymyxin b sulfate (3,000,000 units/day) or an intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin (0.6 g enrofloxacin/day). in the large intestine of enrofloxacin-treated pigs, gram-negative facultative anaerobic rods phylogenetically related to escherichia coli and gram-positive facultative anaerobic non-spore-forming rod ...	2002	12469297
the effect of season and vaccination for glässer's disease and post-weaning colibacillosis in an outdoor pig unit endemically infected with virulent strain of haemophilus parasuis serotype 5 and pathogenic escherichia coli.	the objective of this field trial was to determine if vaccination against haemophilus parasuis serovar 5 (hps 5) and pathogenic serotypes of escherichia coli would improve nursery pig performance in an outdoor unit in different seasons. the unit was concurrently infected with hps 5 and with different serotypes of e. coli. all piglets were born to hps 5 vaccinated sows. the trial was carried out in four (two summer and two winter) groups. group 1 (e. coli and hps vaccinated, summer season) (n = 3 ...	2002	12485355
increasing the viscosity of the intestinal contents stimulates proliferation of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and brachyspira pilosicoli in weaner pigs.	the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of increased viscosity of the intestinal digesta on proliferation of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli in weaned pigs. pigs were fed an experimental diet based on cooked white rice (r), which was supplemented with carboxymethylcellulose (cmc; 40 g/kg diet) to increase digesta viscosity. thirty-six piglets weaned at 21 d of age were divided into six groups, three of which were fed r and thre ...	2002	12425733
[effect of monokines induced by yersinia pestis ev on the functional activity of neutrophils during development of antiplague immunity].	a study was made of the yersinia pestis ev induced monokine complex influence on neutrophil (nph) functional activity in the course of antiplague immunity formation. the obtained monokines essentially enhance nph killing, chemotactic activities and fc-receptor expression, and stimulate lysosome membrane labilization of these cells. the helper effect of the y. pestis ev induced monokines on nph functional activity is more pronounced during the secondary immune response, than in the course of the ...	2002	12506672
penetration of drug resistance in escherichia coli isolated from laboratory animals.	a total of 713 strains of fecal escherichia coli (e. coli) isolated from laboratory animals in the colonies of 4 research laboratories and 4 commercial breeders in japan in 1994 were examined in regard to resistance to 8 antibacterial agents. the incidence of resistance to sulfadimethoxine (su), streptomycin (sm), ampicillin, cephaloridine, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and gentamicin was 99.9%, 32.5%, 6.7%, 0.7%, 7.0%, 2.6%, 6.6% and 0.7%, respectively. these results indicated that ...	2002	12520107
within-sample and between-sample variation of antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli isolates from pigs.	the present study was initiated to evaluate the effect of sampling time and within-sample variability on the diversity in antimicrobial resistance patterns in fecal escherichia coli from healthy pigs. isolates were tested against 11 antimicrobials. a total of 25 different profiles were observed, involving resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and/or a trimethoprim/sulfonamide combination. no isolates were resistant to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, or chlor ...	2002	12523637
resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in food-related bacteria.	microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents continues to be a major problem. the frequent use and misuse of disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs) in food-processing industries have imposed a selective pressure and may contribute to the emergence of disinfectant-resistant microorganisms. a total number of 1,325 gram-negative isolates (escherichia coli, other coliforms vibrio spp., and aeromonas spp.) and 500 enterococcus spp. from food and food-processing industries and fis ...	2002	12523638
cloning, sequencing and expression of porcine cd40 ligand in escherichia coli and human and porcine cells.	the cd40l ligand (cd40l) plays an important role in the interaction between antigen-specific t lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. the porcine cd40l encoding gene was isolated from porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) using rt-pcr. sequence analysis of the cloned cd40l gene showed an open reading frame of 786 base pairs encoding a 262 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 29 kd. the deduced amino acid sequence of the porcine cd40l shared 82%, 88% and 93% simila ...	2002	12633569
[rapid separation and determination of enterotoxigenic e. coli by capillary zone electrophoresis].	rapid separation and determination of enterotoxigenic e. coli k88, k99 and 987p with intact cells using capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) are described. the cze was performed in a running buffer of 0.05 mol/l na2co3-nahco3 (ph 9.9), under applied voltage of 14.1 kv and detected by an on-line uv at 210 nm. results show that k88, k99 and 987p were separated completely. moreover, each strain presented a characteristic peak and a reproducible retention time (rsd < or = 0.9%). the successful analy ...	2002	16358697
nucleotide sequence and organization of plasmid pmvscs1 from mannheimia varigena: identification of a multiresistance gene cluster.	a small resistance plasmid of mannheimia varigena was analysed with regard to its gene organization and the development of a multiresistance gene cluster.	2002	11815584
antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coli o157 isolated from humans, cattle, swine, and food.	a total of 361 escherichia coli o157 isolates, recovered from humans, cattle, swine, and food during the years 1985 to 2000, were examined to better understand the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among these organisms. based on broth microdilution results, 220 (61%) of the isolates were susceptible to all 13 antimicrobials tested. ninety-nine (27%) of the isolates, however, were resistant to tetracycline, 93 (26%) were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, 61 (17%) were resistant to cephalothin, ...	2002	11823193
tandem function of nucleotide binding domains confers competence to sulfonylurea receptor in gating atp-sensitive k+ channels.	fundamental to the metabolic sensor function of atp-sensitive k(+) (k(atp)) channels is the sulfonylurea receptor. this atp-binding cassette protein, which contains nucleotide binding domains (nbd1 and nbd2) with conserved walker motifs, regulates the atp sensitivity of the pore-forming kir6.2 subunit. although nbd2 hydrolyzes atp, a property essential in k(atp) channel gating, the role of nbd1, which has limited catalytic activity, if at all, remains less understood. here, we provide functional ...	2002	11825892
genotypic prevalence of the fimbrial adhesins (f4, f5, f6, f41 and f18) and toxins (lt, sta, stb and stx2e) in escherichia coli isolated from postweaning pigs with diarrhoea or oedema disease in korea.	a pcr was used to determine the genotypic prevalence of five fimbrial adhesins (f4, f5, f6, f41 and f18), two heat-stable enterotoxins (sta and stb), the heat-labile enterotoxin (lt), and the shiga toxin 2e (stx2e) in 230 isolates of escherichia coli from postweaning pigs with diarrhoea or oedema disease. ninety-four (40.9 per cent) of the isolates carried genes for at least one of the fimbrial adhesins or toxins. genes for the f18 fimbrial adhesin were detected in 18.3 per cent, and genes for f ...	2002	11829064
development of a sandwich elisa and comparison with pcr for the detection of f11 and f165 fimbriated escherichia coli isolates from septicaemic disease in farm animals.	the p fimbriae f11 and f165 that have been demonstrated on escherichia coli septicaemic strains in poultry and calves, respectively, possess a nearly identical major subunit that demonstrates a serological cross-reaction. a polyclonal antibody-based sandwich elisa (selisa) that was specific for both f11 and f165 fimbriated strains was compared with a pcr method to detect f11/f165 fimbriated strains, in a collection of e. coli strains isolated from diseased animals. of 298 isolates tested, 36 wer ...	2002	11852192
contribution of fibronectin-binding protein to pathogenesis of streptococcus suis serotype 2.	in the present study we investigated the role of the fibronectin (fn)- and fibrinogen (fgn)-binding protein (fbps) in the pathogenesis of streptococcus suis serotype 2 in piglets. the complete gene encoding fbps from s. suis serotype 2 was cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. the occurrence of the gene in various serotypes was analyzed by hybridization studies. the fbps protein was expressed in e. coli and purified, and binding to human fn and fgn was demonstrated. the induction of antibodi ...	2002	11854216
a superoxide dismutase c mutant of haemophilus ducreyi is virulent in human volunteers.	haemophilus ducreyi produces a periplasmic copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (cu-zn sod), which is thought to protect the organism from exogenous reactive oxygen species generated by neutrophils during an inflammatory response. we had previously identified the gene, sodc, responsible for the production and secretion of cu-zn sod and constructed an isogenic h. ducreyi strain with a mutation in the sodc gene (35000hp-sodc-cat). compared to the parent, the mutant does not survive in the presence of ...	2002	11854222
haemolytic escherichia coli isolated from dogs with diarrhea have characteristics of both uropathogenic and necrotoxigenic strains.	twenty-four haemolytic escherichia coli strains were isolated from dogs with diarrhea. the strains were serotyped and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for genes encoding virulence factors associated with e. coli that cause diarrhea in animals. adhesion antigen production was deduced from haemagglutination experiments. sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of heat extracts was also used as an indication for the production of adhesive structures. the major ...	2002	11856586
biochemical characterization of mouse microsomal prostaglandin e synthase-1 and its colocalization with cyclooxygenase-2 in peritoneal macrophages.	we cloned the cdna for mouse microsomal prostaglandin (pg) e synthase-1 (mpges-1) and expressed the recombinant enzyme in escherichia coli. the membrane fraction containing recombinant mpges-1 catalyzed the isomerization of pgh2 to pge2 in the presence of gsh with k(m) values of 130 microm for pgh2 and 37 microm for gsh, a turnover number of 600 min(-1), and a k(cat)/k(m) ratio of 4.6 min(-1) microm(-1). recombinant mpges-1 was purified and used to generate a polyclonal antibody highly specific ...	2002	11795891
role of bile mucin in bacterial adherence to biliary stents.	biliary stent placement is a well-established method of relieving obstructive jaundice. however, a frequent complication is occlusion of the stent caused by bacterial biofilm formation and sludge accumulation. in this study we investigated the possible effect of bile mucin on bacterial adherence to biliary stents at the initial stage of biofilm formation. by means of an in vitro bile-perfusion system, polyethylene stents were perfused with pig gallbladder bile infected with escherichia coli. the ...	2002	11873242
continuous infusion of porcine factor viii: stability, microbiological safety and clinical experience.	porcine factor viii (pfviii) is an effective haemostatic treatment for bleeding in selected patients with fviii inhibitors. its use is sometimes associated with a transient fall in platelet count and transfusion reactions, the risk of which may be related to the rate of administration. theoretical considerations suggest that the administration of pfviii by continuous infusion should be effective, and could have pharmacokinetic advantages that lead to an improvement in the side-effect profile. th ...	2002	11882076
antimicrobial activity associated with extracellular matrices.	materials derived from extracellular matrices (ecms) are being evaluated as scaffolds for surgical reconstruction of damaged or missing tissues. it is important to understand the susceptibility of these biological materials to bacterial infections. ecms derived from porcine small intestinal submucosa (sis) and urinary bladder submucosa (ubs) were found to possess antimicrobial activity. ecm extracts, obtained by digesting these acellular matrices in acetic acid, demonstrated antibacterial activi ...	2002	11886655
effect of unilateral, intraovarian infusions of bacteria on ovarian morphology in gilts.	the aim of this study was to investigate whether unilateral, intraovarian infusions of bacteria might have induced morphological changes in the contralateral ovary. eleven sexually matured gilts with controlled estrous cycle were used. the animals were randomly divided into two groups: i (gr. i, treated; n = 4), and ii (gr. ii, control; n = 7). in gr. i, 1 ml of bacterial suspension (10(3) colony forming units/ml of saline of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and corynebacterium pyogenes, ...	2002	11905248
antimicrobial susceptibility of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, escherichia coli, and salmonella choleraesuis recovered from taiwanese swine.	minimum inhibition concentrations (mics) were determined for ampicillin, ceftiofur, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, lincomycin, lincospectin (lincomycin/spectinomycin), neomycin, premafloxacin, spectinomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and tetracycline against a total of 180 isolates of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, escherichia coli, and salmonella choleraesuis (60 each) clinically isolated from pigs on farms in taiwan from 1994 to 1996. no more than 3 isolates per ...	2002	11939337