Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| construction of recombinant swinepox viruses and expression of the classical swine fever virus e2 protein. | to explore the swinepox virus (spv) as a potential live vector for immunization, a vector was developed for the construction of a recombinant spv carrying foreign genes. in this system, a foreign gene placed under the strong vaccinia virus promoter p(11) can be inserted into the viral thymidine kinase (tk) gene, and the recombinant virus can be isolated in a non-selective medium by the co-expression of e. coli lacz gene. compared with the wild type virus, the tk(-)recombinant spv showed a modest ... | 2001 | 11311343 |
| descriptive epidemiology of a classical swine fever outbreak in the limburg province of belgium in 1997. | this paper describes the epidemiological characteristics of the 1997 classical swine fever (csf) outbreak that occurred in the limburg province of belgium, where there is a policy of non-vaccination, intensive surveillance and eradication. between 30 june and 17 july 1997, eight herds, located in three different areas, were confirmed to be csf-positive. csf virus was transmitted from the primary infected herd of one area to another five herds in the same area and to one herd in a different area. ... | 2001 | 11315525 |
| aggresomes resemble sites specialized for virus assembly. | the large cytoplasmic dna viruses such as poxviruses, iridoviruses, and african swine fever virus (asfv) assemble in discrete perinuclear foci called viral factories. factories exclude host proteins, suggesting that they are novel subcellular structures induced by viruses. novel perinuclear structures, called aggresomes are also formed by cells in response to misfolded protein (johnston, j.a., c.l. ward, and r.r. kopito. 1998. j. cell biol. 143:1883--1898; garcía-mata, r., z. bebök, e.j. sorsche ... | 2001 | 11331297 |
| the influence of downstream protein-coding sequence on internal ribosome entry on hepatitis c virus and other flavivirus rnas. | some studies suggest that the hepatitis c virus (hcv) internal ribosome entry site (ires) requires downstream 5' viral polyprotein-coding sequence for efficient initiation of translation, but the role of this rna sequence in internal ribosome entry remains unresolved. we confirmed that the inclusion of viral sequence downstream of the aug initiator codon increased ires-dependent translation of a reporter rna encoding secretory alkaline phosphatase, but found that efficient translation of chloram ... | 2001 | 11345437 |
| classical swine fever virus (c strain) distribution in organ samples of inoculated piglets. | enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) and a nested polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription (rt-pcr) were used for the detection of the chinese strain (c strain) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in blood and tissue samples of experimentally inoculated piglets. one group of 10 piglets was inoculated with c strain material from rabbits and a second one with material from infected minipig kidney (mpk) cell culture. tested blood samples were taken on the day of inoculation as ... | 2001 | 11356313 |
| [detection of infection with classical swine fever virus in wild boar: a comparison of different laboratory diagnostic methods]. | the aim of this study was to evaluate two commercially available elisas for routine diagnosis of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in wild boar. for this, 222 tissue samples from wild boar were tested in the elisas and the results were compared to those obtained using standard methods. first, frozen spleen sections were examined by direct immunofluorescence, and organ suspensions were prepared and tested for csfv antigen samples were simultaneously examined with the chekit-elisa (dr. bommeli ag ... | 2001 | 11367881 |
| induction of apoptosis in bone marrow neutrophil-lineage cells by classical swine fever virus. | the pathogenesis of bone marrow atrophy during classical swine fever (csf) was investigated in vitro by using csf virus (csfv) infection of bone marrow haematopoietic cells (bmhc). the monocytic lineage had the highest susceptibility to csfv infection, whereas the more mature swc8(+) granulocytic cells were not directly susceptible to infection. however, myelomonocytic precursors were targets for csfv infection and continued to differentiate into swc8(+) granulocytic cells, which remained infect ... | 2001 | 11369874 |
| highly sensitive one-tube rt-pcr and microplate hybridisation assay for the detection and for the discrimination of classical swine fever virus from other pestiviruses. | rapid, sensitive and specific laboratory diagnostic methods are necessary to confirm outbreaks of classical swine fever. the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and its discrimination from other pestiviruses can be achieved by virus isolation on cell culture, antigen detection, or molecular methods. to reduce the time and the number of steps in the diagnostic procedure a sensitive and rapid detection method based on specific amplification of the pestiviral rna by one-step reverse tra ... | 2001 | 11377717 |
| [phylogenetic analysis of swine fever virus strains]. | amplification of h-gene fragment in combination with cdna nucleotide sequencing can be used for indication and strain differentiation of classical swine fever virus. | 2001 | 11392970 |
| oral immunization of pigs against classical swine fever. course of the disease and virus transmission after simultaneous vaccination and infection. | the efficacy of simultaneous vaccination of pigs against classical swine fever (csf) and challenge was evaluated. in this study, domestic weanling pigs were vaccinated orally with a conventional live virus vaccine based on csf virus (csfv) c strain and were challenged simultaneously with csfv of different virulence. all the animals vaccinated and challenged with a high dose of highly virulent koslov strain died while three of five animals challenged with a low dose of highly virulent alfort 187 ... | 2001 | 11394574 |
| rna triphosphatase component of the mrna capping apparatus of paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1. | paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1 (pbcv-1) elicits a lytic infection of its unicellular green alga host. the 330-kbp viral genome has been sequenced, yet little is known about how viral mrnas are synthesized and processed. pbcv-1 encodes its own mrna guanylyltransferase, which catalyzes the addition of gmp to the 5' diphosphate end of rna to form a gpppn cap structure. here we report that pbcv-1 encodes a separate rna triphosphatase (rtp) that catalyzes the initial step in cap synthesis: hyd ... | 2001 | 11160672 |
| chimeric (marker) c-strain viruses induce clinical protection against virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) and reduce transmission of csfv between vaccinated pigs. | two live recombinant vaccines (flc9 and flc11) against classical swine fever (csf) were evaluated for their capacity to reduce transmission of virulent csf virus (csfv) among vaccinated pigs. in flc9 the 5' terminal half of the e2 gene of the c-strain, a csfv vaccine strain, was exchanged with the homologous gene of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) strain 5250, the e(rns) gene was exchanged likewise in the chimeric flc11 virus. both recombinant vaccines induce an antibody response in pigs ... | 2001 | 11163670 |
| dna-mediated protection against classical swine fever virus. | four eukaryotic expression plasmids containing the entire e2 gene sequence of classical swine fever virus (csfv) were constructed: (a) pcdst, with 5' signal and 3' transmembrane sequences; (b) pcdsw, with 5' signal sequence only; (c) pcdwt, with transmembrane sequences only; and (d) pcdww, containing the e2 gene alone. all four plasmids were readily transfected into bhk-21 cells, with pcdst and pcdsw resulting in secretion of e2 antigen. the latter two plasmids were also shown to induce a humora ... | 2001 | 11163677 |
| development of a competitive elisa using a truncated e2 recombinant protein as antigen for detection of antibodies to classical swine fever virus. | the sequence encoding a truncated e2 glycoprotein of the alfort/187 strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was expressed in escherichia coli using the pet expression system and the recombinant product purified by ni-nta agarose affinity chromatography. the antigenicity of this recombinant protein was demonstrated by immunoblot using anti- csfv-specific antibodies. a monoclonal antibody was produced against the truncated e2 protein and used as competitor in an elisa for the detection of ant ... | 2001 | 11170845 |
| the non-haemadsorbing african swine fever virus isolate asfv/nh/p68 provides a model for defining the protective anti-virus immune response. | african swine fever virus asfv/nh/p68 is a naturally occurring, non-haemadsorbing and non-fatal isolate. longitudinal clinical and immunological studies on 31 pigs inoculated oronasally or intramuscularly with this isolate defined two discrete groups of animals: those developing asf chronic type lesions and those remaining asymptomatic. animals developing lesions had viraemia and fever late after infection, nk activity levels close to that of control animals and high levels of anti-asfv specific ... | 2001 | 11172092 |
| depletion of cd4(+) and cd8(high+) t-cells before the onset of viraemia during classical swine fever. | leukopenia, in particular lymphopenia, is a characteristic early event during classical swine fever (csf). this was the case in both highly virulent (csf virus (csfv) strain brescia) and moderately virulent (csfv uelzen) infections. the leukopenia involved leukocyte sub-populations in a disparate manner, with b-lymphocytes, helper t-cells and cytotoxic t-cells being the most affected. depletion of lymphocyte sub-populations occurred 1-4 days before virus could be detected by rt-pcr in the serum. ... | 2001 | 11182144 |
| duration of the protection of an e2 subunit marker vaccine against classical swine fever after a single vaccination. | the period during which pigs are protected after vaccination is important for the successful usage of a marker vaccine against classical swine fever virus (csfv) in an eradication programme. in four animal experiments with different vaccination-challenge intervals we determined the duration of protection of an e2 subunit marker vaccine in pigs after a single vaccination. unvaccinated pigs were included in each group to detect transmission of the challenge virus. three groups of six pigs were vac ... | 2001 | 11182497 |
| [sequencing of e2 gene and comparison analysis of four strains hog cholera virus (hcv)]. | four cdna fragments of envelope glycoprotoin e2 gene of sm strain, hclv strain, f03 strain and f07 strain were amplified respectively with rt-pcr method. the amplified e2 fragments of four hcv strains were all 1273 bp in length by agarose gel electrophoresis. four e2 fragments were cloned respectively into pgem-t easy vector. 1273 bp cdna fragment of four hcv e2 gene were sequenced and 381 residues amino acid sequence of e2 glycoprotein were deduced. the signal peptide sequence (wlllvtga) locate ... | 2001 | 12549086 |
| [construction of the full-length cdna clone of chinese virulent strain--f114]. | seven subclones covered the complete genome of classical swine fever virus chinese virulent strain f114 were obtained by reverse transcription pcr. the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of strain f114 was determined by sequencing. the cdna fragments were then assembled and inserted downstream of a t7 promoter in pbluescript ii sk+ plasmid vector to obtain the full-length cd-na clone sk-12297. homology comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of strain f114 with the known seq ... | 2001 | 12552911 |
| epidemiology of the 2000 csf outbreak in east anglia: preliminary findings. | 2001 | 12503600 | |
| african swine fever virus-induced polypeptides in porcine alveolar macrophages and in vero cells: two-dimensional gel analysis. | high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by computer analysis has been used to study quantitatively the patterns of protein synthesis produced in porcine alveolar macrophages and in vero cells infected with african swine fever virus (asfv). initially, a protein database for each cell type was constructed. the porcine alveolar macrophage database includes 995 polypeptides (818 acidic, isoelectric focusing (ief) and 177 basic, nonequilibrium ph gradient electrophoresis (nephge)) wh ... | 2001 | 11922604 |
| electrochemical characterization of screen-printed carbonaceous electrodes for the determination of peroxidase activity in novel screen-printed flow-through modules. | a novel totally screen-printed flow-through cell for immunoanalysis is presented. it contained screen-printed carbonaceous electrodes, which allowed the determination of peroxidase activity through the electrochemical reduction of p-benzoquinone. as different electrode materials differ strongly in their electrochemical properties, electrodes resulting from various screen-printable carbonaceous pastes were characterized using the hydroquinone/ p-benzoquinone redox couple. for most of the electrod ... | 2002 | 11936093 |
| reconstitution of hepatitis c virus envelope glycoproteins into liposomes as a surrogate model to study virus attachment. | the envelope glycoproteins, e1 and e2, of hepatitis c virus (hcv) assemble intracellularly to form a noncovalent heterodimer that is expected to be essential for viral assembly and entry. however, due to the lack of a cell culture system supporting efficient hcv replication, it is very difficult to obtain relevant information on the functions of this glycoprotein oligomer. to get better insights into its biological and biochemical properties, hcv envelope glycoprotein heterodimer expressed by a ... | 2002 | 11937498 |
| development of a rapid in vitro protein refolding assay which discriminates between peptide-bound and peptide-free forms of recombinant porcine major histocompatibility class i complex (sla-i). | the extracellular domains of swine leukocyte antigen class i (sla-i, major histocompatibility complex protein class i) were cloned and sequenced for two haplotypes (h4 and h7) which do not share any alleles based on serological typing, and which are the most important in danish farmed pigs. the extracellular domain of sla-i was connected to porcine beta2 microglobulin by glycine-rich linkers. the engineered single-chain proteins, consisting of fused sla-i and beta2 microglobulin, were overexpres ... | 2002 | 11943330 |
| orf virus encodes a functional dutpase gene. | the present study is the first report on the functional activity of a parapoxvirus-encoded dutpase. the dutpase gene of the attenuated orf virus (orfv), strain d1701, was expressed as a bacterial thioredoxin fusion protein. in vitro assays showed that orfv dutpase was highly specific for dutp as substrate. the enzyme was active over a broad ph range (ph 6.0-9.0), with maximal enzymatic activity at ph 7.0 in the presence of mg(2+) cations. kinetic studies of the recombinant orfv dutpase revealed ... | 2002 | 11961258 |
| pestivirus internal ribosome entry site (ires) structure and function: elements in the 5' untranslated region important for ires function. | the importance of certain structural features of the 5' untranslated region of classical swine fever virus (csfv) rna for the function of the internal ribosome entry site (ires) was investigated by mutagenesis followed by in vitro transcription and translation. deletions made from the 5' end of the csfv genome sequence showed that the ires boundary was close to nucleotide 65: thus, the ires includes the whole of domain ii but no sequences upstream of this domain. deletions which invaded domain i ... | 2002 | 11967318 |
| rate of inter-herd transmission of classical swine fever virus by different types of contact during the 1997-8 epidemic in the netherlands. | in this study we quantified the rate at which classical swine fever had been transmitted by several different types of inter-herd contact during the 1997-8 epidemic in the netherlands. during that epidemic 428 csfv-infected pig herds were detected, 403 of which were include in this study. the estimated rates of transmission were 0.065 per shipment of live pigs, 0.011 per contact by a pig transportation lorry, 0.0068 per person contact, 0.0007 per dose of semen, 0.0065 per contact with a potentia ... | 2002 | 12002547 |
| within- and between-pen transmission of classical swine fever virus: a new method to estimate the basic reproduction ratio from transmission experiments. | we present a method to estimate basic reproduction ratio r0 from transmission experiments. by using previously published data of experiments with classical swine fever virus more extensively, we obtained smaller confidence intervals than the martingale method used in the original papers. moreover, our method allows simultaneous estimation of a reproduction ratio within pens r0w and a modified reproduction ratio between pens r'0b. resulting estimates of r0w and r'0b for weaner pigs were 100 (95% ... | 2002 | 12002548 |
| apoptosis induced in an early step of african swine fever virus entry into vero cells does not require virus replication. | permissive vero cells develop apoptosis, as characterized by dna fragmentation, caspases activation, cytosolic release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and flow cytometric analysis of dna content, upon infection with african swine fever virus (asfv). to determine the step in virus replication that triggers apoptosis, we used uv-inactivated virus, inhibitors of protein and nucleic acid synthesis, and lysosomotropic drugs that block virus uncoating. asfv-induced apoptosis was accompanied by caspase- ... | 2002 | 12009879 |
| identification of the principal serological immunodeterminants of african swine fever virus by screening a virus cdna library with antibody. | protective immunity to african swine fever virus (asfv) may involve a combination of both serological and cellular mechanisms. this work is focused on the identification of the possible relevant serological immunodeterminants of immunity. thus, 14 serological immunodeterminants of asfv have been characterized by exhaustive screening of a representative lambda phage cdna expression library of the tissue culture-adapted ba71v strain of asfv. the library was constructed using rna extracted from ver ... | 2002 | 12029148 |
| establishment and application of bicistronic classical swine fever virus genomes for foreign gene expression and complementation of e2 deletion mutants. | bicistronic genomes of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain alfort/187 (a187) were established by insertion of a second cistron consisting of an internal ribosome entry site of the encephalomyocarditis virus and a coding sequence in the 3' untranslated region of the genome. introduction of the selectable marker gene for neomycin phosphotransferase into the second cistron of the csfv replicon a187 delta e2-cat allowed the establishment of porcine sk-6 cell lines constitutively expressing ... | 2002 | 12034484 |
| [procoagulant activity of blood cells in pestivirus infection]. | an increased level of procoagulant activity (pca) in leukocytes of pigs with acute classical swine fever (csf) was observed on day 4 postinfection; pca level normalized during the moribund state. csf vaccine strain either did not induce an increase of pca level or induced an increase that persisted for at least 11 days. time course of pca changes in the leukocytes from sheep infected with borderline sheep disease was similar to the time course of pca in acute csf. in vitro each of the pestivirus ... | 2002 | 12046460 |
| oral immunisation of wild boar against classical swine fever: concluding analysis of the recent field trials in germany. | the recent oral immunisation trials in wild boar against classical swine fever (csf) in germany are described and evaluated in summary. after the first field study in lower saxony from 1993-1995 further immunisation trials started in mecklenburg-western pomerania, brandenburg, lower saxony, baden-württemberg and saxony-anhalt. the immunisation strategies and the size of the vaccination zones were different in the individual federal states. in principle, the bait vaccine based on the csf virus st ... | 2002 | 12058591 |
| t-helper cells from naive to committed. | t-helper cells play a central role in the onset and regulation of the antigen-specific immune response. in swine, two subpopulations of cd4 positive t-helper cells could be defined in extra-thymic compartments. both differ in the surface antigen expression of distinct antigens. besides the cd4(+)cd8(-) t-helper cell subpopulation representing the phenotype of t-helper cells known from other species, in swine cd4(+) t-helper cells exist showing expression of cd8alpha and mhcii molecules.in primar ... | 2002 | 12072228 |
| leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in pigs after infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus-2 (bvdv-2). | the aim of this study was to investigate whether bovine viral diarrhoea virus-2 (bvdv-2) is pathogenic for pigs, which organs become infected and whether or to which extent the virus is excreted into the environment. ten pigs were observed for clinical reactions after infection with a bvdv-2 strain, that has been shown to be pathogenic in calves under experimental conditions. samples were taken to monitor thrombocyte and leukocyte counts as well as antibody development. post mortem examinations ... | 2002 | 12073495 |
| cloning and regulation of the promoter of pseudorabies virus (tnl strain) glycoprotein e gene. | the nucleotide sequence upstream to the glycoprotein e (ge) gene of pseudorabies virus (prv, tnl strain) was cloned from the genomic virus dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and its dna sequences were determined. the dna segment, which was supposed to contain the ge promoter, was subcloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) reporter gene and the resulting plasmid was named pgep-b-cat. to examine the promoter function of this upstream sequence of ge gene, we transfected pgep-b-cat ... | 2002 | 12086144 |
| continuous porcine cell lines developed from alveolar macrophages: partial characterization and virus susceptibility. | porcine monomyeloid cell lines were established following transfection of primary porcine alveolar macrophage cultures with plasmid psv3neo, carrying genes for neomycin resistance and sv40 large t antigen. the parental clone 3d4 exhibited a relatively rapid doubling time (25.5 h), high plating efficiency and mixed phenotype with respect to growth on a solid support. single cell cloning of the 3d4 parent resulted in establishment of several cell lines; three of them designated 3d4/2, 3d4/21 and 3 ... | 2002 | 12088830 |
| early platelet aggregation as a cause of thrombocytopenia in classical swine fever. | twenty pigs were inoculated with a virulent classical swine fever virus isolate to determine the mechanism responsible for thrombocytopenia using histopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical (detection of viral antigens gp55 and fviii-rag) techniques. in animals euthanatized at 2, 4, and 6 days postinoculation (dpi), clusters of granular material staining positive for fviii-rag were observed in splenic cords, the marginal zone, hepatic sinusoids, and the perisinusoidal space. moreov ... | 2002 | 12102222 |
| plaque assay for african swine fever virus on swine macrophages. | a plaque assay developed to detect the infection of african swine fever virus on swine macrophages is described. plaques were generated by all of the virus isolates tested. the method is suitable not only for virus titration but also for the selection of clones in protocols for isolation/purification of recombinant viruses. | 2002 | 12111419 |
| prevalence of antibodies to classical swine fever, aujeszky's disease, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses in wild boars in croatia. | during the hunting season in february 1999, a total of 44 blood samples were collected from wild boars shot in the area of moslavacka gora. these blood samples were examined by enzyme immunoassay for the presence of antibodies to classical swine fever (csfv), aujeszky's disease (adv), bovine viral diarrhoea (bvdv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrsv) viruses. out of 44 serum samples examined, 17 (38.63%) were positive for csfv, 24 (54.54%) were positive for adv and two (4.5 ... | 2002 | 12121047 |
| pig chromosome aberrations after vaccination against classical swine fever in field trials. | chromosomal aberrations were observed after vaccination against classical swine fever (csf) in a previous study done on experimental pigs. to determine if the same effect occurs in farm animals, field trials were done with immunized pigs. the cytogenetic analysis was made from lymphocyte cultures of pigs sampled in three farms of río cuarto region on six different periods: one, pre-vaccination (control) and in five post-vaccination (days 3, 7, 10, 15 and 22). vaccine inoculation induced signific ... | 2002 | 12126897 |
| influence of maternal antibodies on efficacy of a subunit vaccine: transmission of classical swine fever virus between pigs vaccinated at 2 weeks of age. | this study shows the effectiveness of vaccination with an e2 subunit vaccine against classical swine fever (csf) in 2-week-old piglets. half of the piglets were carrying maternally derived antibodies (mdas) at the time of vaccination. three and 6 months later, antibody levels were compared between the two treatments. moreover, reduction of virus transmission was investigated at 3 and 6 months by doing transmission experiments. the vaccine was found to be capable of reducing virus transmission si ... | 2002 | 12126914 |
| development of an internal control for the detection of the african swine fever virus by pcr. | for the detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in clinical samples, an internal control was constructed to identify false negative results in each reaction. the internal control was designed in such a way that the same primer pair was used to amplify the internal control and the target dna which were differentiated by size. the lower detection limit was reached at about 30 internal control dna copies and about 50 genomic asfv dna copies. the use of the i ... | 2002 | 12144776 |
| [study on the expression of e2 gene of classical swine fever virus in pichia pastoris and the immunological activity of its expression product]. | e2 gene of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was cloned into secretory ppic9k pichia pastoris expression vector. after being linearized by digestion, the vector was transformed into pichia pastoris by electroporation to integrate with the genome, the transformants with high copies were screened by g418 and were induced to express with methonal. the results of sds-page and western blot demonstrated that the supernatant of the induced p. pastoris culture contained protein e2. the results of the s ... | 2002 | 12148285 |
| [vaccination of weaner pigs against classical swine fever with the subunit vaccine "porcilis pesti": influence of different immunization plans on excretion and transmission of challenge virus]. | excretion and transmission of csfv after vaccination with the csf subunit marker vaccine "porcilis pesti" have been studied using the following different vaccination schedules: group a--two vaccinations with an interval of 28 d, challenge 14 d after second vaccination (p.v2.); group b--two vaccinations with an interval of 14 d, challenge 14 d later; group c--two vaccinations with an interval of 28 d, challenge at time of booster vaccination; group d--two vaccinations with an interval of 14 d, ch ... | 2002 | 12174723 |
| arrest of metaphyseal ossification in pigs with experimental classical swine fever. | 2002 | 12180661 | |
| [association between ns5a gene sequence and response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis c patients in shanghai]. | to elucidate relationship between amino acid sequence of non-structural protein 5a (ns5a) and outcome of hcv (1 b) patients after interferon (ifna) therapy. | 2002 | 12196819 |
| structure-based combinatorial protein engineering (scope). | presented here is the development a semi-rational protein engineering approach that uses information from protein structure coupled with established dna manipulation techniques to design and create multiple crossover libraries from non-homologous genes. the utility of structure-based combinatorial protein engineering (scope) was demonstrated by its application to two distantly related members of the x-family of dna polymerases: rat dna polymerase beta (pol beta) and african swine fever virus dna ... | 2002 | 12206782 |
| the african swine fever virus protein j4r binds to the alpha chain of nascent polypeptide-associated complex. | the african swine fever virus (asfv) j4r protein is expressed late during the virus replication cycle and is present in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of infected cells. by using the yeast two-hybrid system, direct binding, and coprecipitation from cells, we showed that the j4r protein binds to the alpha chain of nascent polypeptide-associated complex (alpha nac). confocal microscopy indicated that a proportion of j4r and alpha nac interact in areas close to the plasma membrane, as well as t ... | 2002 | 12208975 |
| classical swine fever virus ns5b-gfp fusion protein possesses an rna-dependent rna polymerase activity. | rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) is the replicase of positive-strand rna viruses. expression and characterization of the replicase are the first steps in the elucidation of the virus replication mechanism. we expressed nonstructural protein 5b (ns5b) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) as a fusion protein with green fluorescent protein (gfp) in porcine kidney cells (pk-15 cells), natural host cells of csfv. the expressed csfv ns5b-gfp fusion protein possessed rdrp activity. by fluorescence ... | 2002 | 12209316 |
| a new method based on entropy theory for genomic sequence analysis. | we have refined entropy theory to explore the meaning of the increasing sequence data on nucleic acids and proteins more conveniently. the concept of selection constraint was not introduced, only the analyzed sequences themselves were considered. the refined theory serves as a basis for deriving a method to analyze non-coding regions (ncrs) as well as coding regions. positions with maximal entropy might play the most important role in genome functions as opposed to positions with minimal entropy ... | 2002 | 12211329 |
| antibodies to selected viral and bacterial pathogens in european wild boars from southcentral spain. | serum samples from 78 european wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested during the 1999-2000 hunting season were tested for antibodies to brucella spp., classical swine fever virus, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, haemophilus parasuis, leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, salmonella serogroups b, c, and d, streptococcus suis, and swine influenza virus (siv) serotypes h1n1 a ... | 2002 | 12238391 |
| a structural model of pestivirus e(rns) based on disulfide bond connectivity and homology modeling reveals an extremely rare vicinal disulfide. | e(rns) is a pestivirus envelope glycoprotein and is the only known viral surface protein with rnase activity. e(rns) is a disulfide-linked homodimer of 100 kda; it is found on the surface of pestivirus-infected cells and is secreted into the medium. in this study, the disulfide arrangement of the nine cysteines present in the mature dimer was established by analysis of the proteolytically cleaved protein. fragments were obtained after digestion with multiple proteolytic enzymes and subsequently ... | 2002 | 12239315 |
| synthetic peptide-based immunoassay as a supplemental test for hcv infection. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a single strand rna hepatotrophic virus infecting 170 millions around the world and 20% of egyptian blood donors. although there has been significant improvement in the enzyme immunoassays (eias) in population screening of hcv infection, the development of a low variability, easy to automate and inexpensive supplemental test to support the current immunoassays was of a major concern to several laboratories. | 2002 | 12367764 |
| recombinant hepatitis c virus-like particles expressed by baculovirus: utility in cell-binding and antibody detection assays. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is difficult to study due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system or small animal model. as a result, hcv-cell interactions are not well-defined. in addition, several studies have identified a subset of patients in whom hcv rna is present, but hcv antibody is not detected. we produced recombinant baculoviruses that expressed hcv structural proteins (core, e1 and e2, nt 342-2651) or control proteins. the hcv structural protein precursor was processed into immunorea ... | 2002 | 12376962 |
| localization of classical swine fever virus in male gonads during subclinical infection. | in an experiment using ten boars, the distribution of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was determined in the male reproductive tract by in situ hybridization over a period of 120 days after intranasal inoculation. csfv was detected in the testicular tissue of infected boars. viral nucleic acid was localized to spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids but was not detected in the epithelia of the prostate, epididymis or bulbourethral gland. sections from control, csfv-negative, pigs showed no ... | 2002 | 12388807 |
| a phylogenetic-tree analysis elucidating nosocomial transmission of hepatitis c virus in a haemodialysis unit. | nosocomial transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) subtype 1b involving 11 haemodialysis patients occurred in a haemodialysis unit in japan in march 2000. sequencing of the hcv-e1 region (411-bp) and phylogenetic-tree analysis showed near identity between hcv isolates derived from these patients and a haemodialysis patient who was known to be hcv-positive. the mode of transmission could not be conclusively established, but retrospective analysis suggested that the sharing of contaminated multido ... | 2002 | 12431208 |
| african swine fever virus polyproteins pp220 and pp62 assemble into the core shell. | african swine fever virus (asfv), a complex enveloped dna virus, expresses two polyprotein precursors, pp220 and pp62, which after proteolytic processing give rise to several major components of the virus particle. we have analyzed the structural role of polyprotein pp62, the precursor form of mature products p35 and p15, in virus morphogenesis. densitometric analysis of one- and two-dimensional gels of purified virions showed that proteins p35 and p15, as well as the pp220-derived products, are ... | 2002 | 12438573 |
| apoptosis of thymocytes related to cytokine expression in experimental classical swine fever. | atrophy of the thymic cortex and loss of thymocytes were studied in 32 pigs inoculated with the virulent strain "alfort" of classical swine fever (csf) virus and killed at intervals from 2 to 15 days after infection. immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, elisa and tunel methods were used. the results suggested that direct action of csf virus on thymocytes played no more than a minor role. the massive lymphoid depletion observed in the thymus, may, however, have been associated with the numerical ... | 2002 | 12443731 |
| simulated effect of pig-population density on epidemic size and choice of control strategy for classical swine fever epidemics in the netherlands. | we examined the importance of pig-population density in the area of an outbreak of classical swine fever (csf) for the spread of the infection and the choice of control measures. a spatial, stochastic, dynamic epidemiological simulation model linked to a sector-level market-and-trade model for the netherlands were used. outbreaks in sparsely and densely populated areas were compared under four different control strategies and with two alternative trade assumptions. the obligatory control strateg ... | 2002 | 12450686 |
| candidate peptide vaccine induced protection against classical swine fever virus. | former investigations demonstrated that the envelope glycoprotein e2 could protect pigs from classical swine fever virus (csfv). based on these findings, we prepared synthetic peptide vaccine using e2 n-terminal antigenic units b/c and hoped to induce protective activity against lethal challenge of virulent csfv strain shimen. five overlapped peptides sequence-covering amino acids 693-777 on e2 of shimen were synthesized and then conjugated with bovine serum albumin (bsa), respectively. in the v ... | 2002 | 12450690 |
| the influence of viral coding sequences on pestivirus ires activity reveals further parallels with translation initiation in prokaryotes. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a member of the pestivirus family, which shares many features in common with hepatitis c virus (hcv). it is shown here that csfv has an exceptionally efficient cis-acting internal ribosome entry segment (ires), which, like that of hcv, is strongly influenced by the sequences immediately downstream of the initiation codon, and is optimal with viral coding sequences in this position. constructs that retained 17 or more codons of viral coding sequence exhibited ... | 2002 | 12515388 |
| [cloning of the major antigen region of e2 gene of hog cholera virus and expression in escherichia coli]. | the major antigen region of e2 gene of hog cholera prevalent strain (guangxi yuling strain) and chinese hog cholera lapinised virus (c-strain) derived from hog and rabbit spleen tissue, was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(rt-pcr) and the nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr). after the amplified fragments were cloned into the expression vector pproex-htb, the recombinant plasmids pproex-gxyl and pproex-c were obtained. the insert position, the size and the reading ... | 2002 | 12561208 |
| [detection of antibody against hepatitis c virus first envelope (hcv-e1) protein and its clinical application]. | to study the antibody against hepatitis c virus first envelope (hcv-e1) protein in the sera from patients with hcv and to evaluate the application of hcv-e1 antigen in detection of hcv antibody. | 2002 | 12665917 |
| regulation of apoptosis in african swine fever virus-infected macrophages. | a number of viruses have evolved antiapoptotic mechanisms to promote infected-cell survival, either to ensure efficient productive viral replication or to promote long-term survival of virus-infected cells. recent studies identified critical african swine fever virus genes involved in the complex regulation of asfv-host interactions. here we review the present knowledge of the recently identified asfv genes with special attention to those which affect viral virulence, host range, and pathogenesi ... | 2002 | 12805900 |
| host immune responses against hog cholera virus in pigs treated with an ionized alkali mineral complex. | to determine the immune responses in pigs to hog cholera virus after treatment with an ionized alkali mineral complex (iamc), 40 healthy pigs (28-32 days old) from a commercial swine farm were purchased and housed into 4 groups (n=10 each). all pigs were vaccinated intramuscularly (1 ml) with an attenuated live hog cholera virus (hcv, lom strain) at 28-32 days old and challenged with a virulent hog cholera virus at 8 weeks after vaccination. each group was treated with powerfeel sprayed diet as ... | 2002 | 12819381 |
| the g5r (d250) gene of african swine fever virus encodes a nudix hydrolase that preferentially degrades diphosphoinositol polyphosphates. | the african swine fever virus (asfv) g5r gene encodes a protein containing a nudix hydrolase motif which in terms of sequence appears most closely related to the mammalian diadenosine tetraphosphate (ap4a) hydrolases. however, purified recombinant g5r protein (g5rp) showed a much wider range of nucleotide substrate specificity compared to eukaryotic ap4a hydrolases, having highest activity with gtp, followed by adenosine 5'-pentaphosphate (p5a) and dgtp. diadenosine and diguanosine nucleotides w ... | 2002 | 11773415 |
| novel swine virulence determinant in the left variable region of the african swine fever virus genome. | previously we have shown that the african swine fever virus (asfv) nl gene deletion mutant e70deltanl is attenuated in pigs. our recent observations that nl gene deletion mutants of two additional pathogenic asfv isolates, malawi lil-20/1 and pr4, remained highly virulent in swine (100% mortality) suggested that these isolates encoded an additional virulence determinant(s) that was absent from e70. to map this putative virulence determinant, in vivo marker rescue experiments were performed by in ... | 2002 | 11884534 |
| modeling and real-time prediction of classical swine fever epidemics. | we propose a new method to analyze outbreak data of an infectious disease such as classical swine fever. the underlying model is a two-type branching process. it is used to deduce information concerning the epidemic from detected cases. in particular, the method leads to prediction of the future course of the epidemic and hence can be used as a basis for control policy decisions. we test the model with data from the large 1997-1998 classical swine fever epidemic in the netherlands. it turns out ... | 2002 | 11892689 |
| a single amino acid is critical for the expression of b-cell epitopes on the helicase domain of the pestivirus ns3 protein. | truncated ns3 proteins, expressed by recombinant baculoviruses, were used to investigate the location of conserved b-cell epitopes on this non-structural bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) protein. a goat anti-pestivirus antiserum, and a panel of anti-ns3 monoclonal antibodies, including the bvdv-1 specific antibody p1d8, were used to verify the presence or absence of the epitopes. interestingly, the monoclonal antibodies reacted only with the truncated protein encompassing the helicase domain ... | 2002 | 11900844 |
| [the contagiousness of the pestivirus and foot and mouth disease virus]. | 2002 | 11905240 | |
| african swine fever virus iap-like protein induces the activation of nuclear factor kappa b. | african swine fever virus (asfv) encodes a homologue of the inhibitor of apoptosis (iap) that promotes cell survival by controlling the activity of caspase-3. here we show that asfv iap is also able to activate the transcription factor nf-kappab. thus, transient transfection of the viral iap increases the activity of an nf-kappab reporter gene in a dose-responsive manner in jurkat cells. similarly, stably transfected cells expressing asfv iap have elevated basal levels of c-rel, an nf-kappab-dep ... | 2002 | 11907233 |
| lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of classical swine fever virus infection in monocytic cells is sensitive to 2-aminopurine. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) impairs classical swine fever virus (csfv) replication in monocytic cells, which are primary targets for csfv and mediators of virus-induced immunomodulation. although soluble antiviral factors including interferons (ifn) were not detected, ifn-alpha and ifn-beta mrna were induced. the serine threonine protein kinase inhibitor 2-aminopurine, impeded this antiviral activity. these results indicate that the lps-induced antiviral state employs signaling pathways, in which t ... | 2002 | 11684317 |
| steatosis and liver cancer in transgenic mice expressing the structural and nonstructural proteins of hepatitis c virus. | the aim of this study was to determine whether expression of hepatitis c virus proteins alters hepatic morphology or function in the absence of inflammation. | 2002 | 11832450 |
| identification of t-cell epitopes in the structural and non-structural proteins of classical swine fever virus. | to identify new t-cell epitopes of classical swine fever virus (csfv), 573 overlapping, synthetic pentadecapeptides spanning 82% of the csfv (strain glentorf) genome sequence were synthesized and screened. in proliferation assays, 26 peptides distributed throughout the csfv viral protein sequences were able to induce specific t-cell responses in pbmcs from a csfv-glentorf-infected d/d haplotype pig. of these 26 peptides, 18 were also recognized by pbmcs from a csfv-alfort/187-infected d/d haplot ... | 2002 | 11842250 |
| epidemiology and control of an outbreak of classical swine fever in wild boar in switzerland. | an outbreak of classical swine fever in wild boar in the southern part of switzerland (canton of ticino) was investigated after the implementation of control measures in a defined infected area (the risk zone), and in a surrounding surveillance zone (the non-risk zone). after the disease had been detected, hunting was not allowed in the risk zone for over six months, during which the disease was left to run its course, but hunting was continued in the non-risk zone for one month. after seven mon ... | 2002 | 11842816 |
| method for detection of extraneous active bovine viral diarrhoea virus and classical swine fever virus in animal viral vaccines by rt-pcr, which amplify negative-strand viral rna in infected cells. | an oligonucleotide sense primer, pst324alpha, was designed and used for synthesizing cdna from negative-strand viral rna in infected cells and used for rapid detection of active extraneous bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv) in animal viral vaccines by culturing a sample in cells followed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). active and inactivated viruses of bvdv no. 12-43 strain and csfv gpe(-)strain were inoculated to bovine testic ... | 2002 | 11846427 |
| quantitative assessment of clinical signs for the detection of classical swine fever outbreaks during an epidemic. | the performance of clinical signs as a diagnostic test for the detection of classical swine fever (csf) outbreaks during the 1997-1998 csf epidemic in the netherlands was evaluated by constructing and analysing a receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve. this curve assesses the discriminating ability of a diagnostic test over a range of test signals. the cut-off values for a defined diagnostic test to detect csf outbreaks were set by different combinations of clinical signs observed. the ar ... | 2002 | 11856582 |
| experimental non-transmissible marker vaccines for classical swine fever (csf) by trans-complementation of e(rns) or e2 of csfv. | three mutants with deletions in the e2 gene of the infectious dna copy of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain-c were constructed: one missing the b/c domain of csfv-e2 between amino acids (aa) 693 and 746, one missing the a domain between aa 800 and 864, and one missing the complete e2 between aa 689 and 1062. all three csfv-e2 deletion mutants were unable to generate viable virus, indicating that each of the antigenic domains of e2 is essential for viability of csfv. to rescue the csf ... | 2002 | 11858861 |
| repression of african swine fever virus polyprotein pp220-encoding gene leads to the assembly of icosahedral core-less particles. | african swine fever virus (asfv) polyprotein pp220, encoded by the cp2475l gene, is an n-myristoylated precursor polypeptide that, after proteolytic processing, gives rise to the major structural proteins p150, p37, p34, and p14. these proteins localize at the core shell, a matrix-like virus domain placed between the dna-containing nucleoid and the inner envelope. in this study, we have examined the role of polyprotein pp220 in virus morphogenesis by means of an asfv recombinant, v220i, containi ... | 2002 | 11861832 |
| [prediction of recognition sites for genomic replication of classical swine fever virus with information analysis]. | in order to explore the mechanism for the genomic replication of classical swine fever virus (csfv), so as to make a basis for investigating its pathogenicity, an introduction of the information theory is presented in connection with the statistical mechanics, whence small-sample statistics appears naturally as a consequence of the bayesian approach. furthermore, a selection rule for identifying the pattern of a recognition site for an rna-binding protein is proposed by means of the maximum entr ... | 2002 | 11862713 |
| functional properties of a monoclonal antibody inhibiting the hepatitis c virus rna-dependent rna polymerase. | the hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp), represented by nonstructural protein 5b (ns5b), has recently emerged as a promising target for antiviral intervention. here, we describe the isolation, functional characterization, and molecular cloning of a monoclonal antibody (mab) inhibiting the hcv rdrp. this mab, designated 5b-12b7, binds with high affinity to a conformational epitope in the palm subdomain of the hcv rdrp and recognizes native ns5b expressed in the context of ... | 2002 | 11641406 |
| an experimental infection to investigate the indirect transmission of classical swine fever virus by excretions of infected pigs. | in this experiment transmission of classical swine fever (csf) virus via excretions of infected pigs was investigated under experimental conditions. five pairs of pigs were experimentally infected with csf virus. eight days after experimental infection, when all pigs were viraemic for at least 3 days, the pens were depopulated and 20 h later, restocked with five pairs of susceptible pigs which stayed in these pens for 35 days. during the first 3 weeks of the experiment, the pens were neither cle ... | 2002 | 12489714 |
| suitability of an e2 subunit vaccine of classical swine fever in combination with the e(rns)-marker-test for eradication through vaccination. | vaccination with modified live vaccines (c-, gpe-minus strain) against classical swine fever (csf) is an efficient tool in its control. however, for monitoring infection in a vaccinated population, marker-vaccines are preferred. a review is given on the efficacy of the e2 marker-vaccine, porcilis pesti. protection starts to come up at seven days pv. reduction of horizontal virus transmission starts to show at 10 days pv, is almost complete at 14 days and complete at 21 days after a single vaccin ... | 2003 | 14677689 |
| the risk of the introduction of classical swine fever virus at regional level in the european union: a conceptual framework. | recent classical swine fever (csf) epidemics in the european union (eu) have clearly shown that preventing the introduction of csf virus (csfv) deserves high priority. insight into all the factors contributing to the risk of csfv introduction is a prerequisite for deciding which preventive actions are cost-effective. the relations between virus introduction and spread, prevention and control, and economic losses have been described using the conceptual framework presented in this paper. a pathwa ... | 2003 | 15005538 |
| a review of porcine tonsils in immunity and disease. | the porcine tonsils are a group of lymphoepithelial tissues located at the common openings of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. the tonsils participate in a variety of functions involving innate, cellular and humoral immunity at the local and systemic levels. among these immunological functions is the continuous surveillance for the presence of foreign antigens at the openings of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. within the pig, the movement of lymphocytes, cytokines and ch ... | 2003 | 15134296 |
| establishment and characterisation of two cdna-derived strains of classical swine fever virus, one highly virulent and one avirulent. | the virulence of classical swine fever virus (csfv) strains including established laboratory strains as well as field isolates ranges from avirulent to highly virulent. here, we describe the construction and characterisation of two cdna-derived csfv strains, each corresponding to one of these extremes. the recombinant virus vey-37 caused acute disease indistinguishable from that provoked by infection with the highly virulent parent strain eystrup. in contrast, vriems-3, a molecular clone of the ... | 2003 | 14659557 |
| [site-directed mutagensis of the major antigen e2 gene of csfv, its high level expression in escherichia coli and the immunonicity of recombinant e2 protein]. | classical swine fever virus (csfv), an enveloped positive-stranded rna virus in the genus pestivirus of the flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of a highly contagious swine disease characterized by symptoms of hemorrhagic fever and immune depression, usually leading to substantial economic losses. the serological methods for detection of csfv antibody such as elisa are important means for the diagnosis of csfv and immune surveillance. it is difficult to obtain csfv antigen with high qual ... | 2003 | 15969061 |
| [codon optimization and expression in pichia pastoris of e2 gene of classical swine fever virus]. | codon bias was one of the important parameter which influence heterogenous gene expression, optimizing codon sequence could improve expression level of heterogenous gene. in the preview study, wildtype e2 gene was expressed poorly in pichia pastoris, in order to improve the expression level of e2 gene in pichia pastoris, the low usage codons of e2 gene were mutated into high usage codons in pichia pastoris by directed-mutagenesis based on pcr. the result showed that, compared with the results re ... | 2003 | 16281552 |
| cell surface expression of functional hepatitis c virus e1 and e2 glycoproteins. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) glycoproteins e1 and e2 are believed to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) or cis-golgi compartment via retention signals located in their transmembrane domains. here we describe the detection of e1 and e2 at the surface of transiently transfected hek 293t and huh7 cells. surface-localized e1e2 heterodimers presented exclusively as non-covalently associated complexes. surface-expressed e2 contained trans-golgi modified complex/hybrid type carbohydrate and migra ... | 2003 | 12832074 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of novel pestivirus genotypes: implications for classification. | currently, the genus pestivirus comprises the four approved species bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, classical swine fever virus (csfv), and border disease virus (bdv) and one tentative fifth species represented by a single strain (h138) isolated from a giraffe in kenya more than 30 years ago. to further address the issue of heterogeneity of pestiviruses we have determined the entire n(pro) and e2 coding sequences for several new pestivirus isolates. interestingly, phylogenetic an ... | 2003 | 12832207 |
| virulence of recent and former classical swine fever virus isolates evaluated by their clinical and pathological signs. | the clinical diagnosis of classical swine fever (csf) still caused problems to the veterinarians during the last decade. the primary csf outbreak was often detected too late and, meanwhile, the virus had spread. consequently, the recent classical swine fever virus isolates (csfv) were suspected to be of low virulence. the purpose of the study was to quantify the virulence of four recent csfv by evaluating the clinical and pathological signs caused by different csfv. pigs of the same breed and ag ... | 2003 | 12864895 |
| comparison of antibody values in sera of pigs vaccinated with a subunit or an attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever. | ten pigs, aged 85 days, were vaccinated with a subunit vaccine containing 32 microg of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e2 (gp e2) (group 1), and a further 10 pigs were vaccinated with a c strain vaccine (10(4+/-0.15) tcid50/ml), produced by amplification in minipig kidney (mpk) cell culture (group 2). nine non-vaccinated pigs served as a control group (group 3). serum samples were collected before (day 0) and at 4, 10, 21 and 28 days after vaccination and were analysed by two commercial ... | 2003 | 12872833 |
| glomerulonephritis associated with classical swine fever virus in pigs. | 2003 | 12877214 | |
| mapping of a conformational epitope shared between e1 and e2 on the serum-derived human hepatitis c virus envelope. | monoclonal antibody d32.10 produced by immunizing mice with a hepatitis c virus (hcv)-enriched pellet obtained from plasmapheresis of a chronically hcv1b-infected patient binds hcv particles derived from serum of different hcv1a- and hcv1b-infected patients. moreover, this monoclonal has been shown to recognize both hcv envelope proteins e1 and e2. in an attempt to provide novel insight into the membrane topology of hcv envelope glycoproteins e1 and e2, we localized the epitope recognized by d32 ... | 2003 | 12882983 |
| risk analysis of the spread of classical swine fever virus through "neighbourhood infections" for different regions in belgium. | risk factors associated with the occurrence of "neighbourhood infections" [epidemiology of classical swine fever. in: truszczynski, m. (ed.), proceedings of the workshop on diagnostic procedures and measures to control classical swine fever in domestic pigs and the european wild boar. pulaway, poland, pp. 119-130] during classical swine fever (csf) outbreaks were examined based on information collected during a csf-epidemic, which occurred in the east flanders province of belgium in 1994. the on ... | 2003 | 12900147 |
| humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of d/d histocompatible pigs against classical swine fever (csf) virus. | a better understanding of cell-mediated immune responses to classical swine fever virus (csfv) is essential for the future development of improved vaccines. we analyzed the generation of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in d/d histocompatible pigs following csfv infection or vaccination. viral infection induced high t cell responses with high primary and secondary ctl activity correlated with high ifn-gamma production, whereas vaccination with a live vaccine followed by infection mainl ... | 2003 | 12911856 |
| characterization of rna-dependent rna polymerase activity of csfv ns5b proteins expressed in escherichia coli. | the full-length ns5b protein, and the truncated ns5b proteins of classical swine fever virus (csfv) resulted from deletion of 24, 36, 65 or 82, amino acid residues at the c terminal were expressed in escherichia coli cells and purified with a c-terminal hexahistidine tag. in addition to the full-length ns5b protein, those truncated ns5b proteins with deletion of 24, 36, or 65 amino acid residues were demonstrated to have rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) activity, which was not found in the tr ... | 2003 | 12913359 |
| proportions and phenotypic expression of peripheral blood leucocytes in pigs vaccinated with an attenuated c strain and a subunit e2 vaccine against classical swine fever. | the influence of an attenuated classical swine fever virus c strain vaccine and a subunit e2 vaccine against classical swine fever on the peripheral blood leucocyte proportion and phenotypic expression in 12-week-old pigs was studied. the c strain was amplified in minipig kidney cell culture and final product contained 10(4 +/- 0.15) tcid50/ml, while the subunit vaccine contained 32 microg per dose of gp e2. haematological findings showed that the vaccines did not cause leucopenia or lymphocytop ... | 2003 | 12916689 |
| infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus suppresses the antibody response to classical swine fever virus vaccination. | the effects of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infection on the antibody response to vaccination with classical swine fever (csf) vaccine in piglets were investigated. piglets were inoculated intranasally with the prrsv bj-4 strain, and then vaccinated intramuscularly with csf vaccine 2 days later. control animals were either vaccinated with csf vaccine or infected with prrsv alone. time course of the antibody response against either prrsv or csf vaccine was measured. ... | 2003 | 12935755 |