Publications
Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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demonstration that glycoprotein g is the attachment protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | two monospecific rabbit antisera to the g glycoprotein, one induced with purified g and the second with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the gene for g, inhibit the attachment of purified [35s]methionine-labelled long strain of respiratory syncytial virus to monolayers of hela cells. attachment was not inhibited by monospecific rabbit antisera to glycoprotein f induced with either purified f or with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the gene for f. | 1987 | 3655746 |
respiratory syncytial virus infection and cardiopulmonary disease. | 1987 | 3658500 | |
environmental exposure of primary care personnel to ribavirin aerosol when supervising treatment of infants with respiratory syncytial virus infections. | the potential exposure to ribavirin aerosol in the environment was assessed in nurses caring for infants and children with severe lower respiratory tract infections due to respiratory syncytial virus. ribavirin aerosol was administered via a ventilator, oxygen tent, or oxygen hood. participants worked directly with infants receiving ribavirin for 20.0 to 35.0 h over a 3-day period. no toxic or adverse effects of ribavirin aerosol were observed in any of the 19 nurses studied, and ribavirin was n ... | 1987 | 3662474 |
vaccines for respiratory disease in cattle. | respiratory disease is one of the most serious disease complexes affecting beef cattle production. for example, it is claimed to cost the uk industry about 70 million pounds per year. it is usually associated with young cattle and can occur in a variety of situations. it is a good example of multifactorial disease in that its aetiology involves both infection by a variety of microorganisms and a number of environmental factors. several distinct syndromes occur and a number of microorganisms are ... | 1987 | 3673201 |
transient neutropenia of childhood. | patient characteristics and clinical course are described in 21 children with newly discovered neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count less than 1500/microliter). only children over age 3 months are included; 19 of 21 were less than age 2 years. the majority had respiratory tract infections and 11 had been on various medications at the time neutropenia was discovered. bacteria were isolated from the blood of three patients (s. pneumoniae in two, h. influenzae in one) and from urine in one (e. col ... | 1987 | 3677533 |
a technique for the administration of ribavirin to mechanically ventilated infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | fifteen infants with respiratory syncytial virus pulmonary infection admitted to our pediatric icu from december 1, 1985 through april 30, 1986, required mechanical ventilation. these patients were placed on an open trial of ribavirin therapy. we describe a technique for the safe delivery of aerosolized ribavirin to these infants while on the ventilator. the agent was delivered for 16 h/day for 7 days. modifications of the ventilator circuit were needed to prevent the condensation of the drug in ... | 1987 | 3677748 |
strain variation of respiratory syncytial virus. | western blotting and immunoperoxidase staining with monoclonal antibodies were employed to analyse epitopic and polypeptide molecular weight variation among isolates of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus collected in newcastle between 1965 and 1986. one group of isolates resembled the a2 and long prototype subgroup a strains of rs virus in possessing a p protein of mr 34,000. isolates in this subgroup showed two patterns of reactivity with subgroup a-specific monoclonal antibodies to the g glycopr ... | 1987 | 3681263 |
molecular cloning and sequencing of the f and 22k membrane protein genes of the rss-2 strain of respiratory syncytial virus. | the nucleotide sequences of the adjacent genes coding for the f protein and 22k protein of the rss-2 strain of human respiratory syncytial (rs) virus were determined from cdna clones of genomic rna. comparison of these sequences and the inferred amino acid sequences of the f and 22k proteins with the corresponding published sequences of another subgroup a virus, the a2 strain of rs virus, reveals extensive overall homology (greater than 95%) at both the nucleotide and amino acid levels, even tho ... | 1987 | 3681264 |
isotype-specific elisas for the detection of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | isotype-specific elisas for the detection of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) are described. brsv-specific igg1 and igg2 were determined in indirect double antibody sandwich assays. for iga and igm antibody capture assays were used. the isotype specificity of the assays was confirmed by the observation that samples with a high titre of brsv-specific antibodies of particular isotype were negative in the assays for the other isotypes and vice versa. comparison of the results ... | 1987 | 3685631 |
comparison of hep-2 cell culture and abbott respiratory syncytial virus enzyme immunoassay. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children. rapid identification of rsv infections would allow for specific chemotherapy. we evaluated a means of rapid diagnosis, the abbott enzyme immunoassay (eia), by using 314 stored nasopharyngeal aspirates. rsv antigens were identified in 62 of 66 rsv culture-positive specimens. an additional 37 specimens from which rsv was not isolated were positive in the eia. of these, 29 were confirmed as trul ... | 1987 | 3546371 |
critical evaluation of viral antigen data in paget's disease of bone. | this study evaluates previous viral antigen data obtained from fixed tissue sections and cells grown in culture from bone affected by paget's disease. finding antigens to both respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and measles virus (mv) in the same osteoclasts of ten patients could not be explained on the basis of any previously known cross-reactivity. therefore, possible causes for these observations were sought. monoclonal antibodies to viral proteins of rsv and mv were used to label proteins. pol ... | 1987 | 3549088 |
on the trail of paramyxoviruses in paget's disease of bone. | the ultrastructural discovery of microcylindric inclusions in the nuclei and cytoplasm of osteoclasts in tissue affected by paget's disease of bone has created a new approach. the morphologic similarity of the inclusions to viral structures has stimulated further studies involving immunocytologic techniques and in situ hybridization. polyclonal antibodies reveal the presence of paramyxovirus antigens and measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus in pagetic osteoclasts. monoclonal and monospe ... | 1987 | 3549098 |
immunoglobulin administration and ribavirin therapy: efficacy in respiratory syncytial virus infection of the cotton rat. | we studied the effects of combined administration of human immunoglobulin (ivig) and ribavirin aerosol on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus). cotton rats assigned to receive combined therapy were administered gamimune, a preparation of purified ivig with a high titer of anti-rsv neutralizing activity, intraperitoneally 24 h prior to intranasal rsv challenge and then treated with ribavirin aerosol 3 days after challenge. lung viral titers from these cot ... | 1987 | 3550674 |
aerosolized ribavirin in the treatment of patients with respiratory syncytial virus disease. | thirty children 1 to 33 months of age were enrolled in a study of aerosolized ribavirin therapy for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract illness. twenty patients received ribavirin and 10 received placebo. there were no significant differences between the groups in chronologic or gestational age or in days of illness prior to admission. among patients with pneumonia 17% of 6 placebo patients vs. 64% of 11 ribavirin patients had radiographic evidence that multiple lung lobes were a ... | 1987 | 3550679 |
peroxidase-antiperoxidase assay for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasal epithelial specimens from infants and children. | a peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) assay for the rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus was compared with the indirect immunofluorescence method and with viral culture. nasal epithelial specimens from 147 infants and children with acute respiratory infections were obtained and evaluated for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus antigens. sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy by pap were 91.7, 84.8, and 87.1%, respectively, and 87.0, 88.5, and 88.0%, respectively, by immunofluoresce ... | 1987 | 3553234 |
comparison of three rapid diagnostic techniques for detection of respiratory syncytial virus from nasal wash specimens. | we report results of three rapid tests for respiratory syncytial virus antigen detection. an immunofluorescence assay using commercial antibody and two commercial enzyme immunoassays (ortho diagnostics, inc., raritan, n.j., and abbott laboratories, north chicago, ill.) were applied to 199 nasal wash specimens. the abbott enzyme immunoassay was the most sensitive technique, with a sensitivity of 93.8%. the specificities of the three techniques were comparable and greater than 95%. the availabilit ... | 1987 | 3553236 |
immunization with glycoprotein subunits of respiratory syncytial virus to protect cotton rats against viral infection. | the cotton rat model of respiratory syncytial virus infection was used to study immunization with viral glycoproteins. animals immunized with the purified attachment protein (g) or the fusion protein (f) developed complete pulmonary resistance, but only partial nasal resistance, to challenge with respiratory syncytial virus. antibody produced to the g protein neutralized virus, whereas antibody to the f protein neutralized virus and also inhibited fusion of infected cells. there was no evidence ... | 1987 | 3553346 |
expression of the respiratory syncytial virus 22k protein on the surface of infected hela cells. | immunofluorescent staining of unfixed respiratory syncytial virus-infected hela cells with monoclonal antibodies (mabs) demonstrated that the 22k protein is expressed on the cell membrane along with the fusion (f) protein and large glycoprotein (g). all three proteins were detected in the cytoplasm at 17 h post-infection and in the case of the f and g proteins this coincided with their appearance on the cell surface. however, the 22k protein could not be detected on the surface until approximate ... | 1987 | 3553424 |
effectiveness of topically administered neutralizing antibodies in experimental immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats. | initial studies of the prophylactic effect of parenterally administered respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-neutralizing antibodies in cotton rats indicated that virus replication in lung tissues was restricted when animals with preexisting antibody titers in serum of 1:100 or more (as measured by plaque reduction) were challenged intranasally with 10(4) pfu of virus. subsequently, a therapeutic effect of parenterally administered rsv antibodies (present in human gamma globulin) was demonstrated i ... | 1987 | 3553614 |
[interpretation of results of serologic analyses in large animal practices]. | the backgrounds to and possibilities of serological studies for the purpose of establishing are reviewed, all this with regard to bovine disease. the serology of the virus infections infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), bovine viral diarrhoea (bvd), para-influenza virus 3 infection (pi3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brs) and chlamydia is discussed in greater detail. likewise, the interpretation of serological findings in cases of brucellosis, leptospirosis and johne's disease is deal ... | 1987 | 3554606 |
clinical use of antiviral drugs. | remarkable progress has been made in antiviral chemotherapy. six approved antiviral drugs are now available for the treatment of various viral infections. trifluridine, idoxuridine and vidarabine are all effective in patients with herpes keratitis; trifluridine is preferred due to its low toxicity. acyclovir is the drug of choice in patients with infections due to herpes simplex viruses, including genital herpes, herpes encephalitis, and neonatal herpes, and infections due to varicella-zoster vi ... | 1987 | 3556126 |
effect of ribavirin therapy on respiratory syncytial virus-specific ige and iga responses after infection. | 1987 | 3559277 | |
aerosolized ribavirin treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants hospitalized during an epidemic. | thirty-three infants with predisposing conditions and/or severely symptomatic with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection were treated with aerosolized ribavirin during a 12-week period at oklahoma children's memorial hospital. these patients were compared with 97 untreated patients with rsv infection hospitalized during the same epidemic. despite preconditions which selected for a more seriously ill treatment group, patients who received ribavirin showed prompter resolution of the illness ... | 1987 | 3562136 |
spontaneous bilateral pneumothorax in an infant with bronchiolitis. | spontaneous pneumothorax is an uncommon complication of bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus. bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax in an infant with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis has not been previously reported. we report the case of a four-month-old infant who presented in respiratory distress owing to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis with bilateral pneumothoraces. the infant improved with evacuation of air from the chest. | 1987 | 3562310 |
wheezing in infants: the response to epinephrine. | there is significant controversy about the role of bronchodilator therapy for wheezing in infants. a double-blind, randomized trial of subcutaneous epinephrine upsilon normal saline was conducted in children less than 24 months of age evaluated at yale-new haven hospital. respiratory assessments using a newly developed respiratory distress assessment instrument were made at baseline and 15 minutes after each of two injections. relief of respiratory distress was assessed using strict a priori cri ... | 1987 | 3295741 |
clinical review of ribavirin. | the recent approval of ribavirin aerosol for the treatment of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in infants and young children is a significant addition to the antiviral drugs available today. when administered as an aerosolized form by face mask or mist tent for 20 to 21 hours per day, ribavirin effectively decreases the symptoms of rsv infection and the shedding of rsv virus. studies of other viral infections such as viral hepatitis, influenza a and b, lassa fever, genital herpes, and he ... | 1987 | 3298116 |
immunological differences between the envelope glycoproteins of two strains of human respiratory syncytial virus. | the envelope glycoproteins of two distinct strains of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (long and 18537 strains) were purified by affinity chromatography and characterized by immunological methods. the fusion (f) proteins from the two strains were similar in molecular weight by gel electrophoresis and were very closely related immunologically. rabbit antisera to either f protein reacted with near equivalent titres with the heterologous f protein by western blot, enzyme-linked immunoassay (eia), ... | 1987 | 3302101 |
efficacy of high dose-short duration ribavirin aerosol in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infected cotton rats and influenza b virus infected mice. | fifteen to 20 mg/ml ribavirin administered as a small particle aerosol for 10-18 h per day is currently the regimen generally used to treat experimental or naturally-occurring respiratory syncytial (rs) or influenza virus infections in humans. to determine if such prolonged treatment schedules could be reduced, cotton rats and mice were inoculated with rs or influenza b virus, respectively, and then treated with different concentrations of ribavirin small particle aerosols. aerosols generated fr ... | 1987 | 3304159 |
subgroup characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus strains recovered from children with two consecutive infections. | respiratory syncytial virus strains from 13 children who had repeat infections at least 1 year apart were identified as either subgroup a or subgroup b according to reaction patterns with several monoclonal antibodies directed against the large surface glycoprotein (g), fusion protein (f), nucleoprotein (np), and matrix protein (m). the virus strains were characterized by enzyme immunoassay, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and immunofluorescence procedures. during the first infection, 10 chi ... | 1987 | 3305568 |
monoclonal antibodies demonstrate heterogeneity in the g glycoprotein of prototype strains and clinical isolates of respiratory syncytial virus. | in order to study variation among prototype strains and clinical isolates of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus, four prototype strains (long, a2, ch18537, 9320) were used to produce monoclonal antibodies to this virus. the majority of monoclonals reacted with all four prototype strains by fluorescent antibody staining. among the non-cross-reacting monoclonals, five additional patterns of reactivity with the prototype strains were recognized. fourteen monoclonals, including ones representative of ... | 1987 | 3305785 |
antigenic relatedness between glycoproteins of human respiratory syncytial virus subgroups a and b: evaluation of the contributions of f and g glycoproteins to immunity. | the degree of antigenic relatedness between human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroups a and b was estimated from antibody responses induced in cotton rats by respiratory tract infection with rsv. glycoprotein-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays of antibody responses induced by rsv infection demonstrated that the f glycoproteins of subgroups a and b were antigenically closely related (relatedness, r approximately 50%), whereas the g glycoproteins were only distantly related (r app ... | 1987 | 3305988 |
inhibitory effects of antiviral compounds on respiratory syncytial virus replication in vitro. | we examined the inhibitory effect of 20 antiviral compounds, including ribavirin, on the replication of respiratory syncytial virus in hela and hep-2 cell cultures. of the compounds studied, pyrazofurin and 3-deazaguanine emerged as more potent inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus than ribavirin. based on their inhibitory effect on the cytopathogenicity of respiratory syncytial virus in hela cells, the average 50% effective dose of pyrazofurin and 3-deazaguanine for eight strains was 0.07 a ... | 1987 | 3307618 |
application of pooled monoclonal antibodies for 1-hr detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen in clinical specimens. | a fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated pool of monoclonal antibodies (moab) to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was prospectively evaluated for its utility as a direct, 1-hr test for the diagnosis of rsv infection. direct nasopharyngeal swab smears collected from 109 infants and children with acute respiratory illnesses were studied and compared with results obtained by indirect immunofluorescence using bovine polyclonal anti-rsv antibody on eluted cells derived from pooled nasopharyngeal and ... | 1987 | 3308304 |
microplaque immunoperoxidase detection of infectious respiratory syncytial virus in the lungs of infected mice. | a rapid microplaque technique was developed for the detection of infectious respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in the lungs of infected mice. infected lung homogenates were titrated on microwell hep-2 monolayers and incubated for 24 or 48 h. the microwells were then fixed with 4% formaldehyde in saline, or methanol containing 0.5% hydrogen peroxide. 24-h single cell infectious foci and 48-h microplaques were detected by an indirect immunoperoxidase (iip) assay using monoclonal antibodies specific ... | 1987 | 3312262 |
the selection and performance of monoclonal and polyclonal anti-respiratory syncytial virus (rs) antibodies in capture elisas for antigen detection. | six monoclonal antibodies directed against fusion protein (f) or nucleoprotein (np) of respiratory syncytial virus (rs) have been investigated in an antigen capture elisa for virus detection. the potency, spectrum and pattern of reactivity were investigated with the intention of selecting antibodies reacting with rs-common antigen determinants and with complementary rather than competitive activity. two anti-f protein antibodies satisfied these criteria and were used with enzyme amplified detect ... | 1987 | 3316261 |
immune and histopathological responses in animals vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia viruses that express individual genes of human respiratory syncytial virus. | previous reports have established that vaccinia virus (vv) recombinants expressing g, f, or n protein of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus protect small animals against intranasal challenge with live rs virus. this work demonstrates that a variety of parameters affect the protection induced by recombinant viruses. the route of vaccination, the subtype of challenge virus, and the species used influenced the antibody titers and extent of protection. during these studies, observations were also made ... | 1987 | 3316707 |
comparison of nasopharyngeal washings and swab specimens for diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus by eia, fat, and cell culture. | respiratory secretions for viral diagnosis are often collected with nasopharyngeal (np) swabs, although many laboratories recommend np aspirates or washings. we compared results using np washings and np swabs in three diagnostic rsv tests, a rapid rsv eia antigen test (abbott laboratories), an indirect fluorescent antibody test (fat) with rabbit antiserum, and virus culture (hep-2 cells). paired samples were collected from 121 children with suspected rsv bronchiolitis or pneumonia. a minitip swa ... | 1987 | 3322655 |
[the role of ige in recurrent orl infections in children]. | the high incidence of bacterial super-infection in atopic individuals has long been known, especially in asthma and atopic dermatitis. in recurrent ent infections in children, increased ige levels are found in half the cases; this increase results from two main mechanisms: a predisposition to allergy (often with positive rasts), and certain viral infections: respiratory syncytial virus, para-influenzae, and measles, that trigger production of partly non-specific serum iges. in the latter situati ... | 1987 | 3325914 |
comparison of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (eia) kits with immunofluorescence and isolation in cell culture for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections is based upon detection of viral antigen in cells obtained from the respiratory tract and usually employs immunofluorescence (if) reactions or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (eia). the pathfinder eia kit (kallestad diagnostics) was compared with the abbott eia kit by evaluating each against isolation of rsv in cell culture and detection of antigen by if. the pathfinder kit identified 116 of 129 culture-positive and 72 of 90 cult ... | 1987 | 3329591 |
respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants and children: diagnosis and treatment. | 1987 | 3332375 | |
ribavirin aerosol treatment of serious respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | bronchiolitis is one of the most serious pulmonary infections commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). rsv disease occurs in yearly epidemics and is most severe in children 1 year of age or younger. approximately 1 in 50 to 1 in 100 infants are hospitalized after their first infection, and mortality fluctuates between 0.5 and 5.0 per cent. patients with underlying conditions such as congenital heart disease and bronchopulmonary dysplasia are at higher risk for morbidity and mortalit ... | 1987 | 3332796 |
differences in fluorescent antibody staining of bovine respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells by ovine and bovine sera. | in indirect fluorescent antibody tests in which sera from cattle and sheep with respiratory disease problems were used to stain foetal bovine lung cells infected with a bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain, differences were noted in the pattern of fluorescence produced by some sheep sera and that produced by positive bovine sera. in serum neutralisation tests, also using a bovine respiratory syncytial virus strain, 4 of 7 sera giving this atypical pattern of fluorescence had very low neutra ... | 1987 | 3544469 |
expression and glycosylation of the respiratory syncytial virus g protein in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a cdna encoding the entire amino acid sequence of the g glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was inserted into a yeast-escherichia coli shuttle vector such that expression of the virus gene was regulated by the yeast gal1 promoter. transformation of saccharomyces cerevisiae with the vector led to the formation of the g protein when cells were grown in the presence of galactose. under these conditions the rsv g appeared as a 60- to 65-kda glycosylated protein. expression of the g cdn ... | 1987 | 3113070 |
[characteristics of viral infections in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. | virological and immunological studies on 53 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis at the clinical stage of fading exacerbation were conducted. a high percentage of active viral infection (43%), persistence of viruses (25%) and virus-specific components (ribonucleoprotein in influenza) in the cells of brush biopsy bronchial mucosa specimens was characteristic for these patients. the respiratory-syncytial virus was the most common persisting virus (11%). a high percentage of association (72 ... | 1987 | 3118490 |
on the diagnostic significance of cft in respiratory-syncytial virus infection in children over one year old. | 1987 | 3133290 | |
[severe bronchospasm disclosing a respiratory syncytial virus infection in a non-immunocompromised adult]. | 1987 | 2954123 | |
local and systemic antibody response to bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection and reinfection in calves with and without maternal antibodies. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of immunoglobulin m (igm), iga, igg1, and igg2 antibodies against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were used to measure antibody responses of calves after experimental or natural infection with brsv. serially collected sera, lung lavage samples, nasal and eye secretions, and feces were tested for the presence of these antibodies. lung lavage fluids and nasal secretions were further examined for the presence of virus. after experimenta ... | 1987 | 2954996 |
effect of ipratropium bromide on respiratory mechanics in infants with acute bronchiolitis. | the effect of nebulized ipratropium bromide in 14 infants (mean age: 20 weeks, range: 4-41) with acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis was examined. a modified rapid chest compression technique was used to obtain partial expiratory flow-volume curves and maximum flow at functional residual capacity. passive respiratory mechanics were assessed by brief occlusion at end inspiration. thoracic gas volume was measured in a body plethysmograph. no significant difference was found in forced a ... | 1987 | 2959249 |
[respiratory syncytial virus infection in chronic bronchitis patients]. | two groups of patients with acute respiratory disease (ard) were examined: 57 (the 1st group) had chronic bronchitis, 265 patients (the 2nd group) had no previous history of chronic bronchitis. the investigation was performed using serological and immunofluorescent methods and was repeated in the course of 12-18 months. respiratory syncytial (rs) viral infection was diagnosed significantly more frequently in the 1st group whereas the frequency of influenza, parainfluenza and adenoviral infection ... | 1987 | 2960023 |
[respiratory syncytial virus infections and apnea in low birth-weight infants]. | respiratory syncytial virus infection was observed in 20 infants of less than 6 months of age who had a low weight at birth, were premature and/or presented with intra-uterine growth retardation. except for rhinitis, which was present in all cases, the symptoms were closely correlated to the gestational age: beyond 48 weeks they were those of a common lower respiratory tract infection, but below 48 weeks attacks of apnea predominated, associated or not with signs of bronchitis. the apnea was of ... | 1987 | 2953011 |
comparison of nasopharyngeal aspirate and nasopharyngeal swab specimens for respiratory syncytial virus diagnosis by cell culture, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | paired nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa) and nasopharyngeal swab (nps) specimens obtained from each of 32 hospitalized infants with x-ray-confirmed pneumonia (91%) or bronchiolitis were tested for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection by virus culture, the indirect immunofluorescent-antibody (ifa) technique, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa; ortho diagnostic systems, inc.), and spot hybridization with a human genomic probe to quantitate cellular dna. rsv was isolated in cell cultures f ... | 1987 | 3294883 |
diagnostic efficacy of two rapid tests for detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen. | with the availability of ribavirin therapy for serious respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections, rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of rsv antigen are increasingly important. efficacies of a commercially available enzyme immunoassay (eia) (abbott laboratories, north chicago, ill.) and a fluorescent-antibody assay (fa) were evaluated in a study involving 135 specimens from children with respiratory symptoms. a nasal wash specimen was cultured immediately on rsv-sensitive a549 cells; the ... | 1987 | 3294889 |
helper t cell recognition of respiratory syncytial virus in mice. | in this study we aimed to define the protein and viral subtype specificities of helper th cells to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). balb/c mice were primed by infection with rsv, or with vaccinia viruses (vv) containing genes encoding several individual rsv proteins. priming for th cell memory was assayed by stimulating spleen cells in vitro with different rsv isolates and measuring rsv-specific interleukin 2 (il-2) release by t cells into supernatants using an il-2-dependent ctll cell line. s ... | 1988 | 2963089 |
clinical signs following experimental lungworm infection and natural bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves. | similar clinical signs have been reported in calves infected either by dictyocaulus viviparus or bovine respiratory syncytial virus. three experiments were carried out to establish the clinical picture and the course of the disease in animals with these infections. the clinical signs of calves infected with lungworm included coughing, nasal discharge, tachypnoea, abdominal breathing and pyrexia, and auscultation of their lungs revealed increased bronchial sounds. similar signs were also observed ... | 1988 | 2973675 |
commercial monoclonal antibodies for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus by direct immunofluorescence. | a commercially available direct immunofluorescence (if) test using a reagent consisting of a pool of two monoclonal antibodies against selected surface and internal proteins of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was evaluated in comparison with the indirect if technique using a commercial bovine anti-rsv hyperimmune serum for the rapid detection of rsv in nasopharyngeal aspirates from 228 hospitalized children. overall agreement between the two if methods was 95%. the direct if test was quicker t ... | 1988 | 3134216 |
prospective study on the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adults in spain. | the cause of primary pneumonia was diagnosed in 157 of 198 children and 165 of 207 adults seen as inpatients or outpatients in a 12-month period. in children mycoplasma pneumoniae and pneumococcus were identified in 79 and 29 cases respectively. twenty-nine of 53 cases of viral infection in children were caused by respiratory syncytial virus, two-thirds of the cases occurring in children under three years of age. no children died of pneumonia. in adults pneumococcus was the most common pathogen, ... | 1988 | 3137033 |
topically administered immunoglobulin reduces pulmonary respiratory syncytial virus shedding in owl monkeys. | a human intravenous immunoglobulin preparation containing neutralizing antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was utilized for intratracheal and topical treatment of laboratory-induced rsv infections in owl monkeys (aotus trivirgatus). topically administered antibodies induced significant reductions in rsv shedding in the lower respiratory tract. | 1988 | 3142351 |
branhamella catarrhalis septicemia in an infant with aids. | branhamella catarrhalis was isolated in blood culture from a 6-month-old infant with aids. the child had a nasopharyngeal infection with respiratory syncytial virus and pneumonitis with pneumocystis carinii. commensal organisms such as b. catarrhalis may be potential pathogens in infants with aids. | 1988 | 3146808 |
respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants with congenital heart disease and treatment with human leukocyte interferone. | 1988 | 3148257 | |
pulmonary infections with respiratory syncytial virus and chlamydia trachomatis in early infancy. | 1988 | 3150205 | |
epidemiological and clinical features of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infections among children in japan. | 1988 | 3150206 | |
respiratory syncytial virus epidemics: variable dominance of subgroups a and b strains among children, 1981-1986. | we examined the distribution of subgroups a and b strains from respiratory syncytial virus during five epidemic years from 1981 to 1986 in huntington, west virginia. of 235 infants and children with respiratory syncytial virus infection, 211 had virus reisolated from frozen throat swab specimens for subgroup characterization by reactivity with a panel of monoclonal antibodies to the g, f, np, m, and p proteins by using an enzyme immunoassay. we identified 160 (75.8%) strains as subgroup a and 51 ... | 1988 | 3335796 |
prediction of the duration of hospitalization in patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection: use of clinical parameters. | to assess the possibility that clinical data available at the time of hospital admission for patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection could predict the length of hospitalization without antiviral therapy, the charts of all 102 patients admitted with laboratory documented respiratory syncytial virus infection during 1982 to 1985 were reviewed. two thirds (65) of the patients remained hospitalized greater than three days. prolonged hospitalization could have been predicted for 40 of the ... | 1988 | 3336593 |
lower respiratory tract illness in the first two years of life: epidemiologic patterns and costs in a suburban pediatric practice. | the epidemiologic patterns and the economic impact of acute lower respiratory tract illness (lrti) in children under age two were studied using data collected from november 1, 1971-august 30, 1975 in a suburban pediatric practice in monroe county, new york. lrti was responsible for 23 illness episodes per 100 child-years among children in their first two years of life. this indicates that a cohort of 100 children might be anticipated to have 46 lrti episodes from birth until their second birthda ... | 1988 | 3337302 |
the purification of four respiratory syncytial virus proteins and their evaluation as protective agents against experimental infection in balb/c mice. | the fusion (f) glycoprotein, large glyco- (g) protein, phospho- (p) protein and 22k protein of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus a2 strain were purified by a combination of immunoaffinity adsorption and preparative sds-page. all four proteins elicited serum antibody in mice after repeated inoculation in adjuvant, although the magnitude of the response as measured by elisa varied from mouse to mouse. the f protein generated neutralizing antibodies in only 50% of the mice determined to be seroposit ... | 1988 | 3339327 |
kinetics of synthesis and phosphorylation of respiratory syncytial virus polypeptides. | the kinetics of synthesis of [35s]methionine-labelled respiratory syncytial virus-specific proteins were studied in cv-1 cells infected at high multiplicity. immunoprecipitated viral proteins resolved by sds-page were quantified by scanning fluorographs of protein bands. the nucleocapsid (n) protein was detectable by 2 h post-infection (p.i.), whereas the phospho- (p), matrix (m) and fusion (fo) proteins and vp24 (a matrix-like protein) were first detected between 4 and 6 h p.i. synthesis of the ... | 1988 | 3339328 |
adenosine deaminase inhibitors. synthesis and biological activity of deaza analogues of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine. | two new deaza analogues of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (ehna, 1), 7-deaza-ehna (6) and 1,3-dideaza-ehna (11), were synthesized and evaluated for adenosine deaminase (ada) inhibitory activity and compared with ehna, 1-deaza-ehna (2), and 3-deaza-ehna (3). substitution of a methine group for a nitrogen atom in the 7-position of the purine moiety of ehna produces a dramatic drop in the inhibitory activity (ki = 4 x 10(-4) m) whereas compounds 2 and 3 are still good inhibitors (ki = 1.2 x 1 ... | 1988 | 3339608 |
epidemiology of acute respiratory illness during an influenza outbreak in a nursing home. a prospective study. | we observed an influenza epidemic caused by influenza a/arizona/82 (h3n2) in a nursing home during 1982 to 1983. a survey indicated that 59% of the residents were immunized before the outbreak. the outbreak was observed to begin in november, peak in february, and disappear in april. a significant level of herd immunity may have accounted for the slow progression through the nursing home. in addition, serologic evidence of concurrent infection with respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus ... | 1988 | 3341856 |
calcium requirement for syncytium formation in hep-2 cells by respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) grown in hep-2 cells in the absence of calcium did not induce cell fusion and syncytium formation. although the infected cells contained viral antigens, the cytopathic effect (giant cell formation) typical for rsv was not observed in calcium-free cultures. infectious virus yield was also slightly reduced (less than a one log10 reduction) in the absence of calcium. an analysis of viral proteins synthesized in both the presence and the absence of calcium revealed ... | 1988 | 3343306 |
strain-specific serum antibody responses in infants undergoing primary infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | we sought to characterize the human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup-specific antibody response to primary infection with rsv. rsv isolates from 43 infants and young children were typed as either subgroup a (long strain-like) or b (18537 strain-like) based on reactivity with monoclonal antibodies. acute-phase or preinfection and convalescent-phase sera were collected from the 43 subjects and tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using purified f and g glycoproteins from rsv su ... | 1988 | 3346563 |
pharmacokinetics of ribavirin aerosol in mice. | the pharmacokinetics of ribavirin administered in single or multiple treatments to mice by small-particle aerosol were monitored in lung, serum, and brain tissues. ribavirin aerosol was administered with a standard drug concentration (20 mg/ml) in the reservoir for 12 h or a high dose (60 mg/ml) for 2 or 4 h. after single or 3-day treatments, ribavirin rapidly accumulated in the lungs at concentrations sufficient to inhibit influenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus (1 to 5 mm). while peak l ... | 1988 | 3348604 |
infection control practices for preventing respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 1988 | 3351265 | |
prevention of nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in a newborn nursery. | during three winter seasons prior to 1984-1985 the special care nursery at new england medical center experienced respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) epidemics that required closure of the unit. prior to and during the 1984-1985 winter season, several measures were taken to prevent recurrent nosocomial rsv transmission. in the winters of 1984-1985 and 1985-1986 there were 26 introductions of community-acquired rsv with no transmission of nosocomial cases during 1,688 patient days at risk as compar ... | 1988 | 3351266 |
respiratory syncytial virus infection: a cause of respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia in adults. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, an important and sometimes lethal disease of infants and children, generally causes a milder and self-limited syndrome of cough, nasal congestion and fever in adults. while some evidence suggests that rsv may be responsible for more serious respiratory illness in the elderly and chronically ill, it has not been shown to cause life-threatening respiratory tract disease in previously healthy adults. this report describes a previously healthy woman who e ... | 1988 | 3354594 |
experimental bovine respiratory tract disease with haemophilus somnus. | eight calves were inoculated into the bronchus with h. somnus. thirteen calves were inoculated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and 8 days later with h. somnus. all calves developed necrotizing, suppurative, lobular bronchopneumonia and pleuritis. clinical signs of disease and pneumonic lesions were significantly more severe in calves that were sequentially inoculated with brsv followed by h. somnus. pneumonic lesions in the inoculated calves were similar to those described for nat ... | 1988 | 3363790 |
respiratory syncytial virus infection and the immunocompromised host. | 1988 | 3368256 | |
role of oligosaccharides in the structure and function of respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins. | the contribution of oligosaccharides to the structural and functional make-up of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus g and f proteins was investigated by observing the effects of various oligosaccharide-specific enzymes on their molecular size as well as on virus infectivity. the n-linked oligosaccharides of the f protein were completely removed by endoglycosidase f and n-glycanase. addition of oligosaccharides to f protein during synthesis was completely inhibited by the drug tunicamycin (tm), an ... | 1988 | 3369089 |
ribavirin aerosol in the elderly. | ribavirin aerosol is effective in treating respiratory syncytial virus and influenzal infections in children and young adults. it has not been studied in elderly patients. we evaluated the safety of ribavirin aerosol in eight elderly volunteers at high risk for influenza. their mean age was 64 years; seven subjects had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). subjects received ribavirin aerosol for two or six hours with six hours between treatments. regimens were continued for 96 hours. the ... | 1988 | 3371103 |
modulation of systemic and mucosal immune responses to inhaled ragweed antigen in experimentally induced infection with respiratory syncytial virus implication in virally induced allergy. | groups of balb/c mice were either sham-infected or infected intranasally with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). on the third day following intranasal inoculation, all groups of mice were exposed by inhalation to ragweed antigen for 5 consecutive days and rechallenged with ragweed on day 31. development of antibody activity to ragweed antigen was examined in serum and bronchial washings at regular intervals employing an elisa assay for igg and iga antibody activity and passive cutaneous anaphyla ... | 1988 | 3372039 |
validation of disease diagnoses reported to the national animal health monitoring system from a large colorado beef feedlot. | clinical observation and collection of biological specimens from a large beef feedlot (approximately 30,0000 animals) were used to evaluate 6 approaches for validation of a disease reporting system. data collected during a 12-month period were used to evaluate each approach. a subsample of disease cases reported to the national animal health monitoring system (nahms) was compared with the clinical observations of the investigators. although the agreement between clinical diagnosis by the nahms v ... | 1988 | 3372333 |
further characterization of the soluble form of the g glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus. | a soluble form of the g glycoprotein, the attachment protein, of respiratory syncytial virus is shed from infected hep-2 cells. the gs proteins of the long and 18537 strains have apparent molecular sizes of 82 and 71 kilodaltons, respectively, 6 to 9 kilodaltons smaller than the virion-associated forms (gv). the gs protein of the long strain was further characterized. approximately one in six of all of the radiolabeled g molecules in these cultures at 24 h postinfection was present as the gs pro ... | 1988 | 3373568 |
response of vaccinated and unvaccinated bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis) to experimental respiratory syncytial virus challenge. | five rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis canadensis), approximately 5 mo old and without detectable antibody titers to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), were assigned to two groups to study the effects of rsv challenge inoculation in vaccinated (n = 3) and unvaccinated (n = 2) bighorns. the three lambs vaccinated with a modified live bovine rsv vaccine developed a detectable antibody response to the vaccine. vaccinated and unvaccinated lambs challenged with an ovine isolate of rsv dev ... | 1988 | 3373644 |
effect of respiratory syncytial virus infection on the uptake of and immune response to other inhaled antigens. | groups of balb/c mice were sham infected or inoculated intranasally (in) with live rsv. from day 4 to 8 after infection, the animals were exposed in to ovalbumin (ova) with or without alum adjuvant. at different intervals, levels of ova concentration in serum, igg-anti-ova antibody activity in serum, and iga-anti-ova antibody activity in bronchial washings were determined, employing the elisa technique. ige-anti-ova antibody titers in serum and bronchial washings were assessed by pca. ova concen ... | 1988 | 3375265 |
pilot study of recombinant interferon alpha-2a for treatment of infants with bronchiolitis induced by respiratory syncytial virus. | eleven children with bronchiolitis induced by respiratory syncytial virus received 10,000 to 70,000 u of recombinant interferon alpha-2a per kg of body weight per day. none developed signs of toxicity, and all but one developed an antiviral state following treatment. interferon alpha-2a appears to be safe for infants with bronchiolitis. its efficacy for the treatment of this condition remains to be determined. | 1988 | 3377468 |
transport to the cell surface of a peptide sequence attached to the truncated c terminus of an n-terminally anchored integral membrane protein. | attempts to construct hybrid proteins that are transported to the plasma membrane are frequently unsuccessful because of perturbations in polypeptide folding. in seeking to minimize this problem, we have used the less common type of integral membrane protein, which has an uncleaved signal-anchor domain and an extracellular carboxyl portion, to transport a peptide sequence of interest to the cell surface. a set of plasmids was constructed that contained the gene encoding respiratory syncytial vir ... | 1988 | 3380095 |
the response of infants with bronchiolitis to the proteins of respiratory syncytial virus. | acute phase sera were collected from 28 infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial (rs) virus and convalescent sera were collected from 24 of them. the sera were assayed for neutralizing antibodies by plaque inhibition, for antibodies to the viral proteins by western blot against partially purified rs virus, and for their ability to inhibit attachment and fusion. among the 28 acute phase sera, 27 had antibody to the attachment glycoprotein (g), 16 had antibody to the fu ... | 1988 | 3385405 |
electron microscopic evidence for bridges between bovine respiratory syncytial virus particles. | electron microscopic examination of ultrathin sections of a continuous cell line of ovine kidney (ok) origin, infected by bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), revealed the presence of well defined bridges between virus particles. this is the first report of this novel structure. observation of ultrathin sections of human rsv long strain also grown on ok cells did not show inter-particle bridges and therefore suggested that this structure could be specific to brsv. the biological significan ... | 1988 | 3385409 |
respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunocompromised adults. | respiratory syncytial virus disease was documented in 11 immunocompromised adults, aged 21 to 50. underlying conditions included bone marrow transplant (6 patients), renal transplant (3 patients), renal and pancreas transplants (1 patient), and t-cell lymphoma (1 patient). diagnosis of infection was based on specimens from bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, throat, sinus aspirate, and lung biopsy. the virus was detected simultaneously by antibody in either an immunofluorescence or enzyme-linked imm ... | 1988 | 3389604 |
risk of secondary bacterial infection in infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial viral infection. | because infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection frequently receive antibiotics, our study was undertaken to determine what the actual risk of secondary bacterial infections in patients with rsv infection is and what effect antibiotic treatment might have on the course of illness. in a 9-year prospective study of 1706 children hospitalized with acute respiratory illnesses, 565 children had documented rsv infections. a subsequent bacterial infection rarely developed i ... | 1988 | 3397789 |
respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | little is known about the risk of severe illness from respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. a prospective study was done of the natural history of respiratory syncytial virus infection in 30 children less than 2 years of age with bronchopulmonary dysplasia who were in a home oxygen program. surveillance to identify children with acute respiratory symptoms was done by weekly telephone interview. symptomatic children were examined, oxygen saturation was ... | 1988 | 3399292 |
day-care center attendance and hospitalization for lower respiratory tract illness. | to identify risk factors associated with hospitalization for acute lower respiratory tract illness, 102 children less than 2 years of age admitted to four atlanta metropolitan area hospitals between december 1984 and june 1985 with the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract illness were studied. the most common causative agent associated with illness was respiratory syncytial virus, followed by other respiratory viruses, haemophilus influenzae, and streptococcus pneumoniae. the 102 case-patients w ... | 1988 | 3405658 |
epidemiological study of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in calves: influence of maternal antibodies on the outcome of disease. | a prospective epidemiological survey on bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infections in calves was carried out on 21 dairy farms during one brsv epidemic season. special attention was paid to the role of maternal antibodies. on 15 farms the spread of the virus was demonstrated during the investigation period and on eight farms this was accompanied by an outbreak of acute respiratory disease. disease seldom occurred in calves younger than two weeks old and the most severe disease was obse ... | 1988 | 3413952 |
mismatching of ventilation and perfusion in calves with natural bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the cause of arterial hypoxia during natural infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus was studied in seven calves (three to nine months of age) originating from five herds with respiratory tract disease and serological evidence of infection with the virus. blood gas values were measured during ambient air breathing and during 100 per cent oxygen breathing. the percentages of contribution to the arterial hypoxia from alveolar hypoventilation, mismatching of ventilation and perfusion, and ... | 1988 | 3413962 |
[virus replication in a culture of smooth muscle cells from the human aorta]. | a new modification of the method for cultivation of cells from blood vessel explants has been proposed, and on its basis several cell lines from different vessels of human embryo and adult subjects have been derived. the sensitivity of vessel cells to viruses was studied on a model of aorta cell culture using a wide spectrum of rna and dna viruses. all the strains under study with the exception of respiratory-syncytial virus (rsv) and encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus induced a productive infecti ... | 1988 | 3414071 |
ribavirin and respiratory syncytial virus--associated apnea. | 1988 | 3414613 | |
community-acquired pneumonia and infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | 1988 | 3415114 | |
promising new antiviral drugs. | we now have a basis for a more rational approach to rapid evaluation and development of antiviral drugs by screening for activity in vitro, testing for toxicity and efficacy in animals, and clinical testing in humans. acyclovir is a prototype of this improved process. interferon has a beneficial effect against cmv infection in renal transplant patients and has promising results in the treatment of papillomas and rhinovirus infections. it does not seem to be as effective against genital herpes or ... | 1988 | 2448352 |
antiviral drugs for common respiratory diseases. what's here, what's to come. | progress is being made in the development of drugs for the prevention and treatment of viral respiratory infections. two drugs currently available to clinicians are amantadine (symmetral) and ribavirin (virazole). oral amantadine is effective for both treatment and prevention of uncomplicated influenza a infections. although vaccination continues as the mainstay of influenza prevention, amantadine is useful for unvaccinated patients if complications are likely. when used for treatment, it must b ... | 1988 | 2448762 |
an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in clinical specimens. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions. this assay employed as immunoreagents two monoclonal antibodies directed against two distinct epitopes of the viral nucleocapsid. one of them (rsv 4) was used for antigen capture and the other (nc 4) was labelled with n-hydroxy-succinimide-epsilon-caproil biotin and used for antigen detection. streptavidin biotin-peroxidase complexes were employed as ampl ... | 1988 | 2455493 |
tonsillitis and respiratory infections of viral aetiology in a developing country. | among 75 clinically diagnosed cases of tonsillitis, 55 (73.3%) were found to be of viral aetiology. serological and virological investigations identified adenovirus as the main causative agent in children as well as in adults. in only two instances, both in children, was an association with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in tonsillitis detected, an extremely rare finding. a cross-sectional sero-epidemiological study of respiratory infections caused by adenovirus, rsv, influenza (a,b) and para ... | 1988 | 2456726 |