Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| response of chyluria and circulating microfilaria to treatment with diethylcarbamazine citrate--a case report. | 1993 | 8014441 | |
| a study of the cd4: cd8 ratio in peripheral t lymphocytes of rural papua new guineans: a reduced ratio assessed with regard to infectious agents. | the cd4:cd8 ratio in peripheral t lymphocytes was determined in 123 papua new guineans aged over 5 years from rumginae, a rural area of the western province. 18 people had a ratio less than 1.0. no antibody response to human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv 1) was found within the group. hepatitis b surface antigen was more commonly associated with a cd4:cd8 ratio less than 1.0 than were microfilaraemia or a positive mantoux test. hepatitis b infection may be one of the causes of the cd4:cd8 ratio ... | 1993 | 8059546 |
| community diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | the objective of this study was to find the best tests for efficiently estimating the true prevalence of bancroftian filariasis in endemic areas. the study population comprised 427 people over 10 years of age in an endemic village in egypt. four tests were evaluated; a standardized clinical examination, night blood examinations for microfilariae (50 microl thick films and 1 ml membrane filtration), and a test for circulating filarial antigen. 191 subjects (44.75%) had at least one positive test ... | 1993 | 8296366 |
| mosquito age as a factor influencing the transmission of wuchereria bancrofti. | two mosquito species; culex pipiens and aedes caspius of different ages were experimentally infected with moderate microfilarial densities of wuchereria bancrofti and examined for their vector potential to transmit this parasite. tested age groups of cx. pipiens supported the development of the infective stage of the parasite (l3) but those of ae. caspius arrested its development especially aged mosquitoes. for cx. pipiens, infection rates and the mean number of microfilaria (mf) were found decr ... | 1993 | 8308347 |
| coexistent metastatic adenocarcinoma and microfilaria in ascitic fluid. | 1993 | 8328258 | |
| a rational approach to the control of filariasis in india. | 1993 | 8329989 | |
| the sheath of the microfilaria of wuchereria bancrofti has albumin and immunoglobulin on its surface. | using direct fluorescent antibody analysis it was shown that the sheath of live microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti has human albumin and the immunoglobulin g subclasses igg1 and igg4 on its surface. | 1993 | 8332385 |
| humoral immune response during filarial fever in bancroftian filariasis. | humoral immune responses against filarial parasitic infection were studied in 62 cases of acute filarial disease presenting with filarial fever with adenolymphangitis, in a community where bancroftian filariasis was endemic, during and about one month before and after the febrile episode. their total leucocyte and differential peripheral blood cell counts and anti-streptolysin o titre were determined and compared. polymorphonuclear cellular responses and anti-streptolysin o titre did not show an ... | 1993 | 8337737 |
| [ocular filariasis with retinal detachment]. | 56-years-old patient, which worked 12 years ago in congo, has acused during the last 10 years repeated fever states, and recidived cutaneous nodules at inferior members with papulosquamous reaction. since 1992 he has had right serofibrinous pleurisy and pain, intense pruritus and lacrimation at the ocular level, together the diminish of the vision; the ophthalmoscopy revealed retinal detachment at both eyes. the blood examination shows eosinophilia and the examination in thick drop shows loa loa ... | 1993 | 8338821 |
| a study of placentas from wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemic and amicrofilaraemic mothers. | the prevalence of transplacental transfer of microfilariae and structural lesions in the placentas of amicrofilaraemic (n = 10) and wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemic (n = 10) pregnant women from the prenatal care unit of the hospital das clinicas, recife, brazil, was investigated. study participants were selected by filtration (3 microns/13 mm) of nocturnal (2300-0100 h) venous blood. a detailed histopathological examination was performed to detect abnormalities in the placenta, the cord and ... | 1993 | 8345547 |
| serum igg reactivity with 41-, 31-, and 28-kda larval proteins of strongyloides stercoralis in individuals with strongyloidiasis. | proteins from a deoxycholate-soluble extract of strongyloides stercoralis infective larvae were separated by sds-page, blotted onto nitrocellulose paper, and reacted with sera from individuals with confirmed s. stercoralis infections (n = 100), suspected s. stercoralis infections in whom no larvae could be detected (n = 27), and other nematode infections (40 with wuchereria bancrofti, 20 with onchocerca volvulus, 20 with necator americanus, and 20 with mixed ascaris lumbricoides and trichuris tr ... | 1993 | 8354924 |
| ivermectin in the treatment of bancroftian filarial infection in orissa, india. | ivermectin treatment was evaluated for its efficacy and side reactions in sixty patients of orissa with bancroftian filarial infection and microfilaremia. ivermectin was administered as a single oral dose at four dosage levels (20, 50, 100 and 200 micrograms/kg), and both microfilarial clearance and associated side reactions were monitored in a double blind fashion. blood microfilariae were cleared in all patients at all dosages within 1 to 14 days. in most patients microfilariae reappeared by t ... | 1993 | 8362313 |
| microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti in a lymph node aspirate. a case report. | microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti were detected by fine needle aspiration biopsy (fnab) in an axillary lymph node from a 27-year-old female. the patient also had intestinal tuberculosis. a routine hemogram did not show any eosinophilia, and three consecutive night blood samples also were negative for microfilariae. this was an early case of filariasis without microfilaremia and was detected by fnab of the lymph node. the association of filariasis and tuberculosis was purely coincidental. | 1993 | 8362592 |
| microfilaria in a thyroid aspirate smear: an unusual finding. | 1993 | 8362596 | |
| wuchereria bancrofti: identification of parasitic acetylcholinesterase in microfilariae infected human serum. | an antigen with cholinesterase activity was detected in the sera of patients infected with wuchereria bancrofti. the asymptomatic microfilaremic sera showed 3 to 4 times more cholinesterase activity for acetylthiocholine (atch) as compared to sera of symptomatic amicrofilaremic, hookworm infected and endemic normals, whereas the activities for butyrylthiocholine (btch) did not significantly differ. the enzyme activities from both sources, namely from sera of microfilaremic cases and from endemic ... | 1993 | 8367669 |
| safety trial of single-dose treatments with a combination of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine in bancroftian filariasis. | a supervised safety trial of the treatment with a combination of ivermectin 400 micrograms.kg-1 (iver 400) plus increasing doses of diethylcarbamazine (dec), given simultaneously in single dose, was performed on five groups of polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers, 49 males aged 25 to 73 years, in whom microfilaremia ranged from 1 to 6,137 mf/ml. the trial was hospital-based, open, dose-escalating (1 group per week). safety of an unchanging dose of iver 400 and ascending doses of dec were stu ... | 1993 | 8367670 |
| periodicity of wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica filariasis in french polynesia. | in 1992, a study on microfilaremia periodicity was carried out on 12 wuchereria bancrofti carriers in the marquesas islands. blood samples were collected simultaneously every 4 hours during a 48 hour period by finger-prick and venipuncture for determination of microfilaremia by both blood film and membrane filtration technique methods, and for determination of antigenemia. the membrane filtration results showed no significant nycthemeral variations between the microfilaria densities at hours 16: ... | 1993 | 8367671 |
| [efficacy of ivermectin for control of microfilaremia recurring after treatment with diethylcarbamazine: immunological observation]. | we compared the effect of a single dose of ivermectin (100 micrograms/kg) with that of a standard course of diethylcarbamazine (dec) (6 mg/kg) on several parameters of the host's antifilarial immune response in 60 patients with bancroftian filariasis enrolled in a double-blind drug trial. all participants had measurable serum levels of antifilarial antibodies and parasite antigens. drug-induced clearance of microfilaremia was associated with a temporary increase in hc11 antigenemia and a decreas ... | 1993 | 8403274 |
| prevalence of filariasis in rural areas of shahjahanpur district (uttar pradesh). | night blood survey was carried out during may, 1990 to december, 1991 in 18 villages of 5 primary health centres of district shahjahanpur (up), to find out the prevalence of filariasis in the area. out of 2141 individuals surveyed randomly, 217 were found positive for microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. the microfilaria rate, filarial disease rate and filarial endemicity rates were 10.1, 11.4 and 18.8 per cent respectively. an entomological survey revealed culex quinquefasciatus as the vector ... | 1993 | 8406632 |
| clinical filarial disease in two ethnic endemic communities of orissa, india. | to evaluate the possible role of ethnicity in susceptibility to filarial infection, a comparative study of the prevalence of filarial infection was initiated in an endemic village inhabited by two ethnic populations of mainlanders and tribals. an age and sex matched sampled population of 591 mainlanders and 106 tribals was studied by detailed clinical and parasitological (60 mm3 blood) examinations. sera collected from both population groups (26 each) matched for clinical stage of infection were ... | 1993 | 8411307 |
| bancroftian filariasis in the kassena nankana district of the upper east region of ghana: a preliminary study. | a filariasis prevalence survey was conducted in april 1992 in the southern sector of the kassena nankana district which was the site of the ghana vitamin a supplementation morbidity trial. in all, 106 compounds from five different communities were randomly selected from the vitamin a trial database. all resident compound members of 10 years and above were clinically examined and blood was taken for thick films between 2100 and 0200 hours. haemoglobin levels were also measured. all the blood slid ... | 1993 | 8411308 |
| quinone analogues: a drug of choice for the control of filariasis. | human filariasis is caused by wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and b. timori. of the several recommended model filarial parasites by who, setaria digitata a bovine one has characteristics such as cyanide insensitivity, lack of detectable cytochromes, presence of two quinones q8 and q6. of the two quinones q8 seems to have a predominant role in energy production. in vitro inhibitory studies using quinone analogues, coenzyme q0 and menadione have shown that these compounds paralyse the worms in ... | 1993 | 8422245 |
| obstructive lymphatic filariasis. | 1993 | 8435614 | |
| transplacental transmission of wuchereria bancrofti in haitian women. | to document the occurrence of transplacental transmission of microfilariae and to determine how frequently it occurred, umbilical cord blood samples and placental tissues were collected from 22 microfilaria-positive women in an area with endemic wuchereria bancrofti. microfilaria (mf) counts in the women ranged from 1 to 3,820 mf/ml. microfilariae were detected in 2 placenta samples and a single cord blood sample. the positive cord blood sample and 1 of the positive placenta samples came from th ... | 1993 | 8437059 |
| the resurgence of lymphatic filariasis in the nile delta. | a study of 325,000 residents of 314 villages in six governorates of the nile delta area of egypt revealed that the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis increased from < 1% in 1965 to > 20% in 1991, especially in the governorates of qalyubiya, monufiya, dakhaliya, and giza. the distribution of the communites with endemic filariasis is focal. clusters of villages with high prevalences are surrounded by others in which the disease is absent, although their environmental, social, and agricultural feat ... | 1993 | 8440037 |
| bancroftian filariasis in an isolated hunter-gatherer shifting horticulturist group in papua new guinea. | a survey for wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia using membrane filtration was carried out among the hagahai, a recently contacted papua new guinea group of hunter-gatherer shifting horticulturists. adult men had a significantly higher microfilaraemia rate than women. children aged > 15 years had significantly fewer infections than adults and the microfilaraemia densities were considerably lower. two subjects exhibited matutinal microfilarial periodicity, peaking at approximately 06 h 00. the p ... | 1993 | 8440038 |
| comparative efficacy of clearing-dose and single high-dose ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine against wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia. | to compare the efficacy and tolerability of various combinations of low- and high-dose ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine (dec), 59 persons with wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia were enrolled in a double-blinded six-arm clinical trial in leogane, haiti. on day 1, study participants were treated with low clearing doses of ivermectin, dec, or placebo; on day 5 they received 200-400 micrograms/kg of ivermectin or 6 mg/kg of dec. adverse reactions, which were generally mild, occurred more frequent ... | 1993 | 8447520 |
| cytochemical localization of carbohydrate residues in microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. | we investigated the localization of carbohydrate residues on the surface structures of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi, using a panel of 10 different gold-labeled lectins and chitinase. the sheath, a structure that encloses the microfilariae, is not a homogeneous structure, presenting two clearly distinct layers. the outer layer is more electron dense and was not labeled with the lectins. the inner layer is less dense and was intensely labeled with lectins, especially tho ... | 1993 | 8450196 |
| microfilaria in a fine needle aspirate from a breast lump: a case report. | 1993 | 8453019 | |
| microfilaria prevalence of diurnally subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti among people having a medical checkup in american samoa in the past 17 years. | the yearly change of microfilaria (mf) prevalence rates from 1974 to 1990 was studied in american samoa with people who had medical checkups. the mf rates were found to have been kept at a low level (0.8-2.6%) in the past 17 years. the continued low prevalence reduced clinical filariasis significantly in the past 8 years. the low level of endemicity, despite very close communication with neighbouring western samoa where filariasis is much more prevalent, could be explained by the urbanized livin ... | 1993 | 8459485 |
| conservation of primary sequence of gp29, the major soluble cuticular glycoprotein, in three species of lymphatic filariae. | 1993 | 8459826 | |
| immunocytochemical localization of surface and intracellular antigens recognized by human sera in microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. | sera from patients with various clinical pictures of lymphatic filariasis, including tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (tpe), were used for the localization of surface and intracellular antigens in microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti embedded in lowicryl k4m. very few or no antigenic sites were located on the outer face of the sheath. the most inner layer, as well as the space between the cuticle and the sheath, was intensely labeled. sera from tpe patients intensely labeled the cuticle and the ... | 1993 | 8462071 |
| treatment of subperiodic brugia malayi infection with a single dose of ivermectin. | a clinical trial on the efficacy of a single oral dose of ivermectin at 20, 50, 100, and 200 micrograms/kg was carried out in 40 subjects with subperiodic brugia malayi microfilaremia. there was no significant difference in the clearance of microfilaremia in the four treatment groups, and the lowest geometric mean microfilarial count (gmc) achieved in the 40 subjects was 8.8/ml or 8.3% of the initial count (106.1/ml), at two weeks post-treatment. the gmc started to increase at one month post-tre ... | 1993 | 8480868 |
| isolation and concentration of microfilariae from peripheral blood of wuchereria bancrofti infected patients by density gradient centrifugation. | a ficoll-hypaque gradient centrifugation technique was used for isolation and concentration of microfilariae from peripheral blood of 30 subjects with clinically and parasitologically diagnosed wuchereria bancrofti infections. 86% of the microfilariae were found in the ficoll-hypaque layer. none were detected in the plasma, leucocyte layer or lower erythrocyte layer. 14% of microfilariae were identified on the top part of the erythrocyte layer. a 35 fold concentration and 88% quantitative recove ... | 1993 | 8482873 |
| antifilarial igm versus igg antibody determination in the diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti infection in egyptians. | circulating antifilarial igm and igg antibodies were assessed by indirect elisa in 184 serum specimens from 80 patients with clinically and parasitologically diagnosed filarial infections (20 with acute filariasis 40 with chronic filariasis & 20 asymptomatic microfilaraemic subjects), 64 individuals with other parasitic infections, 20 parasitologically-free subjects from filariasis endemic areas and 20 normal healthy controls. a soluble surface membrane extract from dirofilaria immitis worms was ... | 1993 | 8482876 |
| hydrocele in filarial and non filarial patients. histopathological, histochemical and ultrastructural studies. | twenty biopsied material of the testicular tissue were obtained from patients with unilateral hydrocele (eight due to lymphatic filariasis and twelve of idiopathic causes). twenty biopsies lymphatic were also obtained from the normal unaffected testes and were used as control. the data obtained from histopathological, histochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed alternation in the testicular tissue with hydrocele than in the normal control testis. in the filarial hydrocele 37.5% of the cas ... | 1993 | 8482882 |
| heterogeneity in filarial-specific immune responsiveness among patients with lymphatic obstruction. | the relationship between chronic obstructive disease and antifilarial immune responsiveness was studied in the haitian community of leogane, where wuchereria bancrofti is endemic. differences in sex ratios and in the prevalence of microfilaremia were observed between patients with hydrocele and those with lymphedema or elephantiasis of the lower limb. only 2 of 84 patients with limb involvement (74 women, 10 men) were microfilaremic compared with 25 of 42 men with hydrocele. microfilaria-positiv ... | 1993 | 8486952 |
| microfilariae in bronchial brushing cytology of symptomatic pulmonary lesions. a report of two cases. | two cases of pulmonary filariasis with atypical clinical and radiologic features without significant eosinophilia are presented. a diagnosis of pulmonary filariasis could not have been made without bronchial brush cytology, which showed sheathed microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. both cases responded well to antifilarial treatment, indicating that the microfilariae were not an incidental finding but were responsible for the symptoms and radiologic lesions. | 1993 | 8498141 |
| wuchereria bancrofti: freeze-fracture study of the epicuticle of microfilariae. | the freeze-fracture technique was used to analyze the surface of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti. the examination of thin sections showed that the epicuticle is formed by two closely apposed membrane-like structures, appearing as hepta-laminated structures. freeze-fracture replicas revealed the presence of two fracture faces. the outer one is smooth but presents rosette-like structures. the inner face, which is in contact with the hypodermal cells, presents a large number of particles. | 1993 | 8500588 |
| diagnostic use of filarial antibody and antigen isolated from hydrocele fluid for human filariasis. | paired samples of serum and hydrocele fluid of filarial patients associated with hydrocele were analysed for filarial antibody and antigen. sera samples showed higher titers of filarial antibody and antigen compared to their corresponding hydrocele fluid samples. hfigg isolated from hydrocele fluid was equally useful as fsigg isolated from serum and detected filarial antigen in 23 out of 26 microfilaraemic sera, 7 out of 10 chronic sera and 3 out of 18 endemic normal sera by inhibition elisa. fi ... | 1993 | 8500810 |
| analysis of human sera for filarial igm antibody using antigen fractions isolated from immune complexes. | filarial igm antibody response to various antigenic fractions isolated from immune complexes by sds-page viz., ic-2, ic-4, ic-7, and ic-9, was studied by elisa. the igm antibody response to almost all antigenic fractions was seen more in microfilaraemic group compared to the clinical filariasis group. the antibody response to ic-9 antigen fraction as compared to other fractions was found significantly higher in microfilaraemic patients than in patients with clinical manifestations. ninety percen ... | 1993 | 8505701 |
| primary structure of and immunoglobulin e response to the repeat subunit of gp15/400 from human lymphatic filarial parasites. | we have isolated and sequenced clones encoding the repeated subunit of the surface-associated glycoprotein gp15/400 from the two nematode species predominantly responsible for lymphatic filariasis in humans: brugia malayi and wuchereria bancrofti. the amino acid sequence of the 15-kda subunit, derived from the nucleotide sequence of the gene fragment from b. malayi, is identical to that previously reported for b. pahangi, whereas the derived w. bancrofti protein sequence differs in only 7 of 132 ... | 1993 | 8514385 |
| skin changes in filarial and non-filarial lymphoedema of the lower extremities. | the pathogenesis of lymphoedema in patients infected with wuchereria bancrofti or brugia malayi remains unclear. lymph stasis and local immunological reactions seem to play the main role. in order to discriminate between the obstructive and immunological effects of the parasite, a comparative histological study of skin specimens obtained from two groups of patients, one with filarial and the other with postsurgical lymphedema of lower extremities, was performed. in both groups patients suffered ... | 1993 | 8516632 |
| a comparison of the og4c3 antigen capture elisa, the knott test, an igg4 assay and clinical signs, in the diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | to compare methods for diagnosing bancroftian filariasis, six hundred and seventy four people from rural areas of papua new guinea were screened using microfilaraemia, the og4c3 antigen capture elisa, an elisa to detect igg4 specific antibodies and clinical examination. both elisa tests detected around twice the number of positive cases than those detected by the presence of microfilariae alone. no correlation was found with clinical signs and laboratory tests. this study raises concern over the ... | 1993 | 8516633 |
| dig-elisa test in onchocerciasis. serum antibodies and probability of infection. | an immunoenzymatic test (dig-elisa) was serologically evaluated for the serodiagnosis of onchocerciasis. control and infected sera from the onchocerciasis endemic area of mexico was collected and the donors assessed for onchocerciasis according to parasitological, clinical, and epidemiological data. the sera were submitted to the dig-elisa test using a crude extract prepared from o. volvulus adult worms which had been preserved in nodules in 67% glycerol. the test showed a 100% sensitivity with ... | 1993 | 8118159 |
| long-term efficacy of single-dose treatment with 400 micrograms.kg-1 of ivermectin in bancroftian filariasis: results at one year. | in april 1992, a safety trial was performed with a single dose of ivermectin 400 micrograms.kg-1 (iver 400). in 37 bancroftian filariasis carriers, 6 and 12 months after iver 400 treatment, the microfilaremia recurrences were 3.2% and 13.5%, respectively. as compared to results from other studies with diethylcarbamazine and iver at different dosages and periodicities, the dosage of iver 400 seems the most effective; but a yearly intake might not be sufficient. | 1993 | 8134778 |
| risk of infection of wuchereria bancrofti to humans by culex quinquefasciatus in pondicherry and its relationship with microfilaria prevalence. | the risk of infection (ri) with wuchereria bancrofti by vector mosquitoes has been conventionally estimated from the biting population of all age classes. this estimate of ri had no correlation with microfilaria (mf) prevalence and intensity of infection in humans. a new method for estimating ri from a resting population of culex quinquefasciatus is proposed based on a longitudinal study in seventeen sites in pondicherry, india. unlike previous estimates, ri calculated by the present method cons ... | 1993 | 8147280 |
| filariasis and blood groups. | using modern statistical techniques, we investigated the controversial relationship between lymphatic filariasis and blood groups in a very large number of patients. | 1993 | 8241933 |
| microfilariae recurrence in polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers treated with repeated single doses of 100 micrograms/kg of ivermectin. | forty-six polynesian carriers of wuchereria bancrofti were treated with 3 successive single doses of ivermectin, 100 micrograms/kg, given every 6 months. immediate microfilaricidal activity of ivermectin was excellent in all carriers, since residual mean microfilaraemia levels, 2 d after each of the 3 treatments, were less than 1% of pretreatment levels. before initial treatment, geometric mean microfilaraemia was 500 microfilaria (mf)/ml for the whole group (range 21-6398 mf/ml); 6 months after ... | 1993 | 8249089 |
| correlation between the preferred biting site of culex quinquefasciatus and the region of the body affected by clinical filariasis. | entomological and filariasis surveys were conducted simultaneously in a rural and an urban environment in west bengal from september 1986 to august 1987. the aim of the surveys was to see if any correlation existed between the preferred biting site of culex quinquefasciatus, the filarial vector, and the region of the body affected by clinical filariasis. significantly more mosquitoes (> 55%) attacked the thighs, legs and feet of human volunteers than other sites on their bodies, whether the volu ... | 1993 | 8250630 |
| avidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ab-elisa) for the detection of bancroftian filariasis. | 1993 | 8257242 | |
| spatial and temporal variations in prevalence, intensity and aggregation of microfilaria in the human host. | the prevalence, intensity and the frequency distribution of microfilaria (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti in the human blood and their variation in time (pre-vector control, control and post control periods) and space have been examined. the prevalence and intensity showed significant variation between time and different areas of urban pondicherry. the significant reduction in the prevalence and intensity of microfilaremia in the areas of high endemicity indicated that the effect of vector control w ... | 1993 | 8266237 |
| comparison of single-dose diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin for treatment of bancroftian filariasis in papua new guinea. | this double-blind study compared the clinical safety and parasitologic efficacy of single-dose regimens of diethylcarbamazine (dec) and ivermectin for treatment of bancroftian filariasis in papua new guinea. five groups of 10 men each with mean levels of parasitemia ranging from 2,985 to 5,185 microfilariae (mf)/ml were given dec (6 mg/kg of body weight one time or 1 mg/kg, then 6 mg/kg four days later) or ivermectin (220 micrograms/kg; 20 micrograms/kg, then 200 micrograms/kg four days later or ... | 1993 | 8279647 |
| bancroftian filarial pleural effusion. | this paper describes a case of filarial pleural effusion, the fifth such to be reported. microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti were detected in the pleural fluid on cytological examination. there was a prompt and complete response to treatment with diethylcarbamazine. there were, however, no symptoms and signs of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia nor any peripheral eosinophilia. | 1993 | 8290434 |
| cloning, over-expression and evaluation of a recombinant fusion protein of wuchereria bancrofti towards its application as a diagnostic agent for bancroftian filariasis. | a low molecular weight (15 kda) surface antigen of the cattle filarial nematode, setaria digitata, was earlier shown to be specifically recognized by the antibodies from human bancroftian filarial (mf positive) patients' sera (theodore & kaliraj, 1990). the filarial specific antibodies bound to a 15 kda peptide in preparative western blots were eluted and employed in screening of candidate antigens expressed in the genomic library of wuchereria bancrofti at the igg4 subclass antibody level. a re ... | 1993 | 7686281 |
| side reactions following ivermectin therapy in high density bancroftian microfilaraemics. | side reactions following ivermectin treatment were evaluated in sixty males with high density bancroftian microfilaremia (gm 1388/ml). following a single oral dose of ivermectin of different strengths (20, 50, 100 or 200 micrograms/kg), microfilariae clearance and side reactions were monitored in a double blind fashion. microfilaria levels fell rapidly after ivermectin administration in all dosage groups and 98% of pretreatment microfilariae was cleared after 12 h of treatment. the rate of micro ... | 1993 | 7903135 |
| prevalence of lymphatic nodule in a bancroftian endemic population. | prevalence and clinical manifestation of lymphatic nodule in natural course of bancroftian filariasis was evaluated in a representative population of 2837 of a defined endemic community of orissa. detailed clinical and parasitological examination of study subjects revealed high disease (35.6%) and mf rate (15.8%) and mean microfilariae density (gm: 15.3 +/- 5.1 per 60 mm3 of blood) in the community. lymphatic filarial nodule was manifested in 216 (7.6%) subjects in different spectrum of filarial ... | 1993 | 7903138 |
| maternal filarial infection - a persistent risk factor for microfilaremia in offspring? | the observation that children born to mothers that are infected with wuchereria bancrofti ore more susceptible to filarial infection than those born to uninfected mothers, raises many questions, particularly regarding immune mechanisms. in this article, allen hightower, patrick lommie and mark eberhard discuss these issues and their implications for the epidemiology of filarial infection. | 1993 | 15463683 |
| vector competence of autogenous and anautogenous culex pipiens mosquitoes for wuchereria bancrofti. | vector competence of autogenous and anautogenous culex pipiens; derived from north sinai governorate, egypt, for the human filaria parasite wuchereria bancrofti was studied. after feeding on the same microfilaremic volunteers both biotypes were readily infected with the parasite (infection rates > 80%) and supported its development to the infective stage within 11 - 12 days. infective rates of both autogenous and anautogenous mosquitoes were similar (> 95%). however, autogenous cx. pipiens devel ... | 1994 | 17212004 |
| in vitro transmission of wuchereria bancrofti l3-stage larvae by experimentally infected culex pipiens l. (diptera : culicidae). | females of culex pipiens l. experimentally infected with wuchereria bancrofti were tested for in vitro transmission of infective stage l3 larvae using a capillary tube technique. of the females harbouring l3 larvae, 60.7% (34/56) transmitted a geometric mean of 2.84 l3 larvae (range 1-35). transmitting cx. pipiens contained significantly more l3 larvae than non-transmitters. both the probability of transmission and the number of l3 larvae transmitted were related to the total number of loads lar ... | 1994 | 17265640 |
| "filarial" adenolymphangitis without filarial infection. | 1994 | 7906341 | |
| long-term effect of prenatal exposure to maternal microfilaraemia on immune responsiveness to filarial parasite antigens. | to identify long-term effects of prenatal exposure to maternal filarial-parasite infection, we assessed lymphocyte responses in 21 polynesian children born 17-19 years previously to mothers diagnosed as being microfilaraemic or infection-free. all children lived on an island endemic for bancroftian filariasis but were free from infection at the time of study. while children (n = 10) of infection-free mothers responded vigorously to microfilarial antigen with lymphocyte proliferation, production ... | 1994 | 7908359 |
| [parasitic circulating antigens in hosts with filaria bancrofti]. | the elisa and dot-elisa with rabbit anti-setaria labial-papillosa antibody were applied to determine circulating antigens of filaria bancrofti. the total positive rate was 96% (24/25) in the sera of patients with microfilaremia from endemic areas, anhui province. the total positive rate of urines was 60% (15/25) in the same patients. the positive rates of the milks were both 100% (4/4) in the same patients. the conformity rate was 100% and 75% respectively for positive sera and urines (15 cases) ... | 1994 | 7922752 |
| changes in anti-filarial antibody after control of filariasis in shandong province. | the changes in anti-filarial antibody level at different periods in different population groups of various controlled areas were studied by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ift) using frozen sections of brugia malayi adult worms as antigen. the positive rates by ifat in formerly hyper-, moderate- and low-endemic areas decreased to the level as those in non-endemic areas 15, 10 and 10 years respectively after the control of filariasis. in the children born after the control of filariasis, the ... | 1994 | 7924577 |
| a polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of brugia malayi in blood. | there is need for sensitive, rapid, species-specific diagnosis of brugia filarial parasites because traditional methods are tedious and time-consuming, with little guarantee of species specificity. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay was developed using the hha i family of highly repeated dna sequences from brugia. the assay was tested on 124 human blood samples collected in a field study in indonesia. these included 66 microfilaria-positive samples from patients in an area endemic for ... | 1994 | 7943550 |
| age-specific prevalence of antigenemia in a wuchereria bancrofti-exposed population. | antigen detection assays serve as a useful adjunct to blood examinations for studies of filariasis, in terms of the diagnostic and epidemiologic information provided. we examined the utility of the og4c3 antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for field studies and analyzed the distribution of wuchereria bancrofti antigenemia in a haitian population. using serum samples collected following venipuncture, antigenemia levels were correlated with microfilaremia (p < 0.001). the microfila ... | 1994 | 7943556 |
| microscopic visualization of wuchereria and brugia larval stages in intact cleared mosquitoes. | over the past several decades, epidemiologic data from filarial vectors typically has been obtained by mass dissection or by dissection of individual specimens. the former is quick and easy to do on large numbers of insects but provides no information on the frequency distribution of infection, presence of early developmental stages, or larval location; the latter is labor-intensive and tedious. we describe a new technique that can provide data comparable to those obtained by individual dissecti ... | 1994 | 7943576 |
| cloning and characterization of a repetitive dna sequence specific for wuchereria bancrofti. | a genomic library constructed in a bacteriophage lambda replacement vector (embl3) with wuchereria bancrofti dna partially digested with sau 3a i was screened with 32p-labeled w. bancrofti total dna, and a strongly reactive recombinant, embl3wb34, was isolated. this clone contained an approximately 16-kb insert that showed some cross-hybridization with brugia malayi and b. pahangi dna. however, a 969-bp subclone from embl3wb34, designated pwb12, hybridized only with w. bancrofti dna and was able ... | 1994 | 7943578 |
| advances in the diagnosis of human lymphatic filariases: a review. | the nematode parasites wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and b. timori are the causative agents of human lymphatic filariasis. of the estimated 90 million infections world-wide, w. bancrofti is responsible for over 80 million cases and is the only known aetiologic agent in the african region. numbers of infected persons are on the increase world-wide due to rural-urban migrations which result in mushrooming of shanty towns often encouraging formation of favourable mosquito breeding-sites. deve ... | 1994 | 7956865 |
| evidence of sex variations in microfilaraemia and fluorescent antibody titre level at puberty in a bancroftian filariasis endemic area. | 1101 children and young adults between 2 and 17 years age, residing in bancroftian filariasis endemic area of the jharia coalfields in bihar, were examined by indirect immunofluorescent test (iift) against dipetalonema vitae. the results, along with those of two night blood surveys conducted in the same area, covering 2148 and 2246 persons respectively, are reported. in the prepubertal age groups there was no statistically significant variation in the percentage of children showing positive anti ... | 1994 | 7963382 |
| prevalence of bancroftian filariasis in burdwan district, west bengal: a comparative study between colliery and non-colliery areas. | the present study reports results of a survey of bancroftian filariasis in burdwan district west bengal. 85,974 persons were examined of which 46,221 were inhabitants of the colliery areas of the district and rest 39,753 were from non-colliery areas, including urban and rural areas of the district. the clinicopositivity, endemicity, microfilaria(mf)-positivity, mf-clinicopositivity, and mf-density were determined. it was found that all these epidemiological and parasitological parameters were si ... | 1994 | 7963386 |
| antifilarial igg4 antibodies in children from filaria-endemic areas correlate with duration of infection and are dissociated from antifilarial ige antibodies. | to investigate the relationship of antifilarial igg4 and ige to the intensity of transmission and duration of filarial infections in endemic populations, antifilarial antibody levels in children residing in a village in papua new guinea where transmission of wuchereria bancrofti was reduced by repeated insecticide spraying were compared with levels in residents of three nearby villages where no control measures had been used. antifilarial igg4 levels were significantly lower in children from the ... | 1994 | 7963742 |
| bancroftian filariasis-differential reactivity of anti-sheath antibodies in microfilariae carriers. | anti-sheath antibodies have been detected using an immunofluorescent assay (ifat) in the sera of microfilariae carriers (as cases) residing in areas endemic for bancroftian filariasis. microfilariae (mf) of wuchereria bancrofti purified from five different mf carriers were used separately as antigen to identify anti-sheath antibodies. the reactivity of sera from as cases to mf sheath was found to be variable to the five different mf preparations. while as high as 25% of the sera reacted with mf ... | 1994 | 7970869 |
| filarial pleural effusion with constrictive pericarditis. | 1994 | 7851954 | |
| in vitro cultivation of third stage larvae of wuchereria bancrofti to fourth stage: influence of some physico-chemical factors. | it has been reported that third stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti strain from jakarta, molted to the fourth stage (l4) in vitro, in a simple culture medium supplemented with 10% human serum. in the present study, this culture medium has been used to examine the effects of some physico-chemical parameters on larval growth, development and molting of wuchereria bancrofti from india. lymph at 10% concentration enhanced the in vitro survival time of larvae. molting of larvae from l3 to l4 st ... | 1994 | 7855640 |
| filarial chyluria. | 1994 | 7875869 | |
| low positive predictive value of anti-brugia malayi igg and igg4 serology for the diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for anti-brugia malayi immunoglobulin (ig) g and igg4 were evaluated on sera from 1561 subjects in french polynesia for the serodiagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti filariasis, compared with the test for onchocerca gibsoni circulating antigen (og4c3) as a 'gold standard'. the sensitivity of the elisa-igg and elisa-igg4 assays was 90.8% and 94.5%, and the specificity was 45.9% and 50.7%. the positive predictive values were 41% and 45% respectively for an a ... | 1994 | 7886763 |
| detection of wuchereria bancrofti larvae in pools of mosquitoes by the polymerase chain reaction. | 1994 | 7886765 | |
| double-blind controlled trial of a single dose of the combination ivermectin 400 micrograms/kg plus diethylcarbamazine 6 mg/kg for the treatment of bancroftian filariasis: results at six months. | in 1993, a three-arm double-blind controlled trial was implemented in french polynesia to compare the tolerance and efficacy of a single dose of the combination ivermectin (ivr) 400 micrograms/kg plus diethylcarbamazine (dec) 6 mg/kg vs. ivr 400 micrograms/kg alone vs. dec 6 mg/kg alone, for treatment of wuchereria bancrofti carriers. of the 57 treated male patients in whom microfilaria (mf) densities ranged from 22 to 4709 mg/ml, 3 groups of 19 were randomly selected and allocated to one of the ... | 1994 | 7886781 |
| og4c3 circulating antigen, anti-brugia malayi igg and igg4 titers in wuchereria bancrofti infected patients, according to their parasitological status. | this study involved 221 microfilaremic (mf+), 302 amicrofilaremic (mf-) antigen positive (ag+) and 1454 mf-antigen negative (ag-) individuals living in endemic villages. whatever the group considered, antigen and antibody titers were widely distributed. og4c3 antigen, detected both in mf- and mf+ patients, was significantly higher in mf+ patients. the mf parasitological status did not significantly influence the antifilarial antibodies levels in the infected ag+ individuals, although igg4 was mo ... | 1994 | 7899800 |
| can lymphatic filariasis be eradicated in papua new guinea? | 1994 | 7771116 | |
| diethylcarbamazine in the control of bancroftian filariasis in the ok tedi area of papua new guinea: phase 2--annual single-dose treatment. | the phase 1 semiannual single-dose 6 mg/kg diethylcarbamazine (dec) treatment program demonstrated a significant reduction for wuchereria bancrofti in the ok tedi area of western province, papua new guinea. the rate of detectable microfilaraemia was effectively reduced from 39% to 11% and mean microfilarial (mf) densities from 79mf/20 microliters to 19mf/20 microliters. the phase 2 annual single-dose treatment of 6mg/kg dec not only maintained the gains made during phase 1 but reduced the microf ... | 1994 | 7771117 |
| introduction of an integrated community-based bancroftian filariasis control program into the mt bosavi region of the southern highlands of papua new guinea. | in mid-1987 a baseline microfilarial prevalence survey was conducted among five villages in the mt bosavi region of the southern highlands province of papua new guinea. through use of the nucleopore filtration technique, it was determined that 48% of villagers had detectable microfilaraemia. the highest prevalence was documented in fogomaiyu, where the microfilaraemia rate was 92%. on the basis of this initial survey and the expressed interest of the community, the division of health in the sout ... | 1994 | 7771118 |
| cumulative exposure and its relationship with chronic filarial disease in bancroftian filariasis. | several hypotheses have been put forth about the factors influencing the dynamics of infection and disease in lymphatic filariasis. however, appropriate validation of these hypotheses by real situation analyses of epidemiological data is lacking. the present analyses examine the relationship between cumulative exposure to infection and prevalence of disease by utilizing the existing entomological and clinical data collected between 1981 and 1986 in pondicherry, south india, endemic for bancrofti ... | 1994 | 7777918 |
| studies on filariasis in bauchi state, nigeria. ii. the prevalence of human filariasis in darazo local government area. | in an eleven months study of eleven communities of darazo local government area of bauchi state, northern nigeria, 293 (21.7) of 1,349 persons examined harboured various filarial parasites. of the sampled population, 18%, 1.9%, 1.6%, 0.5% and 0.2% had microfilariae of onchocerca volvulus, wuchereria bancrofti, mansonella perstans, m. streptocerca and loa loa respectively. of the 637 females examined, 90 (14.1%) were infected, while 203 (23.5%) of 712 males sampled had filarial infections. the hi ... | 1994 | 7812311 |
| a case of probable transplacental transmission of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae. | a case of transplacental transmission of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae is reported in endemic are of bauchi state, nigeria. the diagnosis was based on the history of illness, clinical symptoms, age of the child and presence of sheathed microfilariae of nocturnal periodic form of w. bancrofti in the peripheral blood films. also the night blood sample collected from the child's mother revealed mf of w. bancrofti in addition to the unilateral elephantiasis of the hindlimb. the implication of t ... | 1994 | 7812317 |
| ivermectin in human medicine. | ivermectin is a potent macro-cyclic lactone causing paralysis in many nematodes and arthropods through an influx of chloride ions across cell membranes. it is currently the drug of choice for human onchocerciasis and shows potent microfilaricidal activity against the other major filarial parasites of human (wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi, loa loa and mansonella ozzardi) but not against m. perstans. whether or not it also kills the adult-stage of these parasites is currently under study. ive ... | 1994 | 7814280 |
| microscopical and serological diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti. | venous blood from 292 patients attending a filaria clinic in georgetown, guyana, was assayed by elisa for igg and igm antibodies and by indirect haemagglutination antibody assay (iha) against filaria parasites. they were also assayed by microscopic methods before and after concentration procedures for microfilaraemia. of the 41 blood samples microscopically positive for wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae, 87.8% (elisa igg), 65.9% (elisa igm) and 73.2% (iha) occurred in samples with sub-diagnosti ... | 1994 | 7817540 |
| utility of the force of infection model for assessing changes in the dynamics of bancroftian filarial infections. | force of infection is measured in terms of the number of effective contacts that have been introduced into the population by infective vectors. the utility of such a measure in describing the dynamics of bancroftian filarial infection was tested. force of infection (beta) incorporating the durations of patent period and pre-patent period was estimated for different age classes (assuming that it is constant in that particular age class) and it was found that the predicted post-control prevalences ... | 1994 | 7825015 |
| [former observations of urinary bilharziasis and wuchereriosis]. | on the occasion of a book near completion on the great clinician pierre rayer (1793-1867), a pioneer of infectious pathology, are presented here two of his works concerning parasitic tropical pathology. the first (1838) signed by rayer alone deals with an hematuria observed in patients from mauritius. he distinguished several forms of the disease and described 15 observations which he compared to egyptian hematuria of which the parasitic agent (bilharzia (= schistosoma) haematobium) will not be ... | 1994 | 7827524 |
| [historical epidemiology of bancroftian filariasis in southwest islands of the indian ocean]. | bancroftian filariasis arose in the south-west indian ocean islands with human settlements. during the xixe century, most of the islands were infected but the prevalence and clinical features of the disease were different from an island to an other. the vectors are cx. quinquefasciatus, an. gambiae, an. arabiensis, an. funestus. even if culex are proven vectors most of the transmission is due to anophelines. the introduction of the parasite was followed by an explosion of the diseases with drama ... | 1994 | 7827525 |
| the anopheles punctulatus group of mosquitoes in the solomon islands and vanuatu surveyed by allozyme electrophoresis. | four species within the anopheles punctulatus group of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) were identified by allozyme analysis of samples collected from thirty-three localities in guadalcanal, makira, malaita, temotu and western provinces in the solomon islands and six localities on efate, espiritu santo, maewo and malekula islands in vanuatu. three of these species are members of the an.farauti complex. a key is given to identify five species of the an.punctulatus group known to occur in the solom ... | 1994 | 7841489 |
| determination of the earliest appearance and peak count of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi after taking a single dose of diethylcarbamazine at noon. | six nocturnal microfilarial carriers (three with wuchereria bancrofti and three with brugia malayi) from mainland china were selected to determine the earliest appearance and peak count of microfilariae (mf) administration of dec at noon. before diethylcarbamazine (dec) administration, blood samples of 60 microliters were obtained by finger-prick at 2 h intervals for 24 h. a blood sample was then taken just before each carrier intaking 100 mg, 150 mg or 200 mg of dec orally at noon. after drug a ... | 1994 | 7706675 |
| parasitological and clinical studies on wuchereria bancrofti infection in chuuk (formerly truk) state, federated states of micronesia. | a total of 2193 people in 14 villages on 9 islands was examined for microfilaria (mf). the average mf rate of those examined was 2.6%. high mf rates of 7-10% were obtained in 3 villages on 3 islands. analysed by sex and age, the highest mf rates were observed among males of age > or = 20 years (6-10%). a clinical study conducted on 466 adult males of age > or = 15 years showed that the average hydrocele rate was 3.4% and that of elephantiasis 0.4%. for the ages > or = 50 years the hydrocele rate ... | 1994 | 7716401 |
| cytochemical analysis of the sheath of microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. | thin sections of epon and lowicryl embedded microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy aiming at topochemical characterization of the sheath. three layers could be distinguished. some of the layers were labeled when incubated in the presence of antibodies, lectins and enzymes which recognize extracellular matrix components usually associated with the basal laminae lining epithelial cells. | 1994 | 7716402 |
| pleural effusion due to lymphatic filariasis. | a case of pleural effusion is reported. pleural biopsy showed microfilariae on histopathological examination. treatment with diethyl carbamazine yielded excellent results. filarial aetiology should be included in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic pleural effusions, especially in endemic areas. | 1994 | 7737704 |
| epidemiological surveillance of filariasis after its control in shandong province, china. | shandong province used to be the highly endemic area of wuchereria bancrofti. culex pipiens pallens was the main mosquito vector. after about 30 years of large scale anti-filariasis control campaign, filariasis was controlled throughout the province in 1983. since then, extensive cross-sectional and consecutive longtitudinal surveillances have been carried out. parasitological and entomological data indicated that the microfilaremia rate of the human population, and the natural infection rate of ... | 1994 | 7667720 |
| micro-spatial variation in filarial disease and risk of developing disease associated with microfilaremia in urban situation. | clinical and parasitological surveys were carried out concurrently during 1986 in pondicherry. the analyses showed that there was no significant micro-spatial variation in prevalence of total diseases (acute and chronic) and the manifestations such as hydrocele and lymphedema in the different zones and stations of pondicherry urban area, a stable endemic area. analyses on different filariometric indices in different stations showed a significant correlation between disease and mf prevalence (r = ... | 1994 | 7667721 |
| comparative study of dot-immunogold silver staining and dot-elisa for the detection of serum antibodies against wuchereria bancrofti. | dot-immunogold silver staining (dot-igss) and dot-elisa, using the soluble antigen of brugia malayi, were employed to detect anti-wuchereria bancrofti antibodies in 50 cases of wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia. the positive rates were 100% and 90% in dot-igss and dot-elisa respectively. the average titer in the 45 positive cases was 1:184 (1:10-1:2560) for dot-igss and 1:150 (1:10-1:2560) for dot-elisa, with 30 cases showing the same titer in both tests, 13 cases showing higher titer in dot-i ... | 1994 | 7667722 |
| lymphoscintigraphic analysis of lymphatic abnormalities in symptomatic and asymptomatic human filariasis. | to obtain high-resolution radionuclide lymphoscintigraphic images of affected limbs in persons with both symptomatic and asymptomatic filarial infection, 36 volunteers were recruited from a wuchereria bancrofti-endemic area of recife, brazil, for a prospective, controlled analysis. subjects were stratified after determination of serologic and clinical determinants of filarial infection status. widespread lymphatic abnormalities were found in clinically asymptomatic microfilaremic persons, who ha ... | 1994 | 7523538 |