Publications

pretest expectancies and cognitive impairment in alcoholics.	alcoholics' neurological deficits have been attributed to cognitive impairment associated with brain dysfunction. because alcoholics perceive themselves as impaired in higher cognitive functions, we investigated the alternative hypothesis that their deficits are predicted by lowered expectancies for successful performance. ss were 48 male, middle-aged veterans administration inpatient alcoholics and 36 community controls. subjects completed a standard series of neuropsychological tests. before t ...	2008	2600240
cerebral embolization in two young patients with fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and atrial dysrhythmias.		2009	2773783
diverticular disease of the appendix.	a retrospective study of diverticular disease of the appendix was made in 3,343 consecutive instances of appendectomies. a 2 per cent incidence of diverticular disease was found. these instances were classified into four morphologic types: 1, acute diverticulitis; 2, acute appendicitis with acute diverticulitis; 3, acute appendicitis with diverticulum, and 4, appendix with diverticulum. types 1, 2 and 3 were divided into subgroups with or without perforation. the elements of clinical behavior in ...	2009	2909128
growth inhibitors: molecular diversity and roles in cell proliferation.		2009	2681129
injury in u.s. army helicopter crashes october 1979-september 1985.	all u.s. army class a and b mishaps of four types of helicopters occurring from 1 october 1979 through 30 september 1985 were reviewed. during this 6-year period, there were 298 crashes involving 303 aircraft. there were 1,060 individuals aboard the crashed aircraft and 611 were injured, 136 fatally. the most common cause of injury was the "secondary impact" caused by collapse of structure into occupied areas, by inadequate restraint of the occupants which allowed them to flail into structure, o ...	2009	2709450
[pressure effect on enzyme reactions].		2009	2734449
[functional paraganglioma (pheochromocytoma) in an aortico-pulmonary location].		2009	2815638
[functional paraganglioma (pheochromocytoma) in an aortico-pulmonary location].		2009	2815638
leiomyosarcoma of uterus: a review of 14 cases.	a detailed clinicopathologic study of 14 patients with leiomyosarcoms of the uterus was made. twelve of 14 patients were followed up for 2 or more years. the median age was 49, the youngest patient was 20, and the oldest was 68. the predominant symptoms were abnormal vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. the preoperative dilation and curettage established the correct diagnosis was 2 of 6 patients (33%). the predominant method of treatment was total abdominal hysterectomy (tah). five patients had ...	2009	2819573
leiomyosarcoma of uterus: a review of 14 cases.	a detailed clinicopathologic study of 14 patients with leiomyosarcoms of the uterus was made. twelve of 14 patients were followed up for 2 or more years. the median age was 49, the youngest patient was 20, and the oldest was 68. the predominant symptoms were abnormal vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain. the preoperative dilation and curettage established the correct diagnosis was 2 of 6 patients (33%). the predominant method of treatment was total abdominal hysterectomy (tah). five patients had ...	2009	2819573
training elements at different levels in the strategies for control of schistosomiasis.	recently acquired comprehensive knowledge concerning the epidemiology of schistosomiasis has provided the background for the establishment of schistosomiasis control strategies. however, the planning, implementation, and maintenance of such control programmes requires sufficient numbers of well trained personnel at the local, district and central levels. training of health personnel as well as motivation of the community are fundamental and essential elements in any schistosomiasis control progr ...	2009	2772521
history of medicine in alaska. harriet crocker jackson schirmer, m.d.		2009	2662801
elevation of factor vii activity and mass in young adults at risk of ischemic heart disease.	the northwick park heart study found that elevation of factor vii in middle-aged subjects was an independent risk factor for subsequent ischemic heart disease. the present study was designed to determine whether factor vii elevation is present at a younger age and whether zymogen or activated factor vii is responsible for this elevation. a group of 20 asymptomatic first degree relatives (mean age 34.9 years) of patients with premature ischemic heart disease were compared with 15 age-matched norm ...	2009	2794283
detection and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.	the diagnosis of gerd requires the thoughtful evaluation of a patient's symptoms and clinical course. in young patients with classical reflux symptoms in the absence of untoward complications such as structure, bleeding or pulmonary aspiration, antireflux treatment can be instituted without the need for diagnostic testing. a large number of patients will demonstrate a good clinical response to medical therapy. the diagnostic challenge arises when symptoms of reflux masquerade as cardiac and pulm ...	2009	2668171
clinical experience with percutaneous intra-aortic balloon pumping in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction.	from july 1984 to december 1987, intra-aortic balloon pumping (iabp) was attempted percutaneously to 22 patients at the ages of 37-78 with cardiogenic shock or medically refractory heart failure complicating acute myocardial infarction (cs/mrhf-ami). there was only one failure because of severe bilateral iliofemoral atherosclerosis. of the 21 patients undergoing iabp, 17 were in cardiogenic shock and 13 of them showed reversal of shock syndrome after 10 to 48 hours of iabp. cardiac index increas ...	2009	2804784
clinical experience with percutaneous intra-aortic balloon pumping in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction.	from july 1984 to december 1987, intra-aortic balloon pumping (iabp) was attempted percutaneously to 22 patients at the ages of 37-78 with cardiogenic shock or medically refractory heart failure complicating acute myocardial infarction (cs/mrhf-ami). there was only one failure because of severe bilateral iliofemoral atherosclerosis. of the 21 patients undergoing iabp, 17 were in cardiogenic shock and 13 of them showed reversal of shock syndrome after 10 to 48 hours of iabp. cardiac index increas ...	2009	2804784
[treatment of cancer of the bladder].		2009	2653234
failla memorial lecture. the search for critical cellular targets damaged by heat.		2009	2694212
parkinsonism-plus syndromes.		2009	2657411
cyclosporin a inhibits activation-induced cell death in t-cell hybridomas and thymocytes.	one mechanism by which the immune system develops the ability to discriminate self from nonself is the deletion of autoreactive t-cell clones during thymic maturation. the drug cyclosporin a (csa) has been shown to interfere with this process, allowing the escape of normally 'forbidden' t-cell clones and the appearance of autoimmune disease. recently, it has been demonstrated that immature thymocytes undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis) upon activation via the t-cell receptor. a similar phe ...	2009	2786609
jcda's 'quest' article: a tongue in cheek lampoon?		2009	2686820
construction of an ileal reservoir in patients with a previous straight endorectal ileal pull-through.	a decade has passed since martin and associates presented the first series of endorectal ileal pull-through (pt) procedures with straight ileoanal anastomosis for treatment of ulcerative colitis and polyposis. during the ensuing years, several medical centers have reported their results using the pt. although some children have experienced good results, the majority of adults and children have had severe problems associated with high stool frequency, urgency, and incontinence. between 1977 and 1 ...	2009	2839124
construction of an ileal reservoir in patients with a previous straight endorectal ileal pull-through.	a decade has passed since martin and associates presented the first series of endorectal ileal pull-through (pt) procedures with straight ileoanal anastomosis for treatment of ulcerative colitis and polyposis. during the ensuing years, several medical centers have reported their results using the pt. although some children have experienced good results, the majority of adults and children have had severe problems associated with high stool frequency, urgency, and incontinence. between 1977 and 1 ...	2009	2839124
sce induction by ccnu and pregnancy.		2009	2704378
genome sequence of the endosymbiont rickettsia peacockii and comparison with virulent rickettsia rickettsii: identification of virulence factors.	rickettsia peacockii, also known as the east side agent, is a non-pathogenic obligate intracellular bacterium found as an endosymbiont in dermacentor andersoni ticks in the western usa and canada. its presence in ticks is correlated with reduced prevalence of rickettsia rickettsii, the agent of rocky mountain spotted fever. it has been proposed that a virulent sfg rickettsia underwent changes to become the east side agent. we determined the genome sequence of r. peacockii and provide a compariso ...	2009	20027221
serological evidence of rickettsia parkeri as the etiological agent of rickettsiosis in uruguay.	we report three new rickettsiosis human cases in uruguay. the three clinical cases presented clinical manifestations similar to previous reported cases of rickettsia parkeri in the united states; that is mild fever (< 40 degrees c), malaise, headache, rash, inoculation eschar at the tick bite site, regional lymphadenopathy, and no lethality. serological antibody-absorption tests with purified antigens of r. parkeri and rickettsia rickettsii, associated with immunofluorescence assay indicated tha ...	2009	20209269
experimental infection of the rabbit tick, haemaphysalis leporispalustris, with the bacterium rickettsia rickettsii, and comparative biology of infected and uninfected tick lineages.	the present study consisted of two experiments that evaluated experimental infections of haemaphysalis leporispalustris ticks by a brazilian strain of rickettsia rickettsii, and their effect on tick biology. in experiment i, ticks were exposed to r. rickettsii during the larval, nymphal or adult stages by feeding on rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) needle-inoculated with r. rickettsii, and thereafter reared on uninfected rabbits for the entire next tick generation. regardless of the tick stage th ...	2009	19067185
tick-borne rickettsioses in america: unanswered questions and emerging diseases.	during most of the 20th century, rickettsia rickettsii, the agent of rocky mountain spotted fever, was considered the only tick-borne rickettsia associated with human diseases in the americas. this dogma suggested that the other characterized and noncharacterized rickettsiae isolated from ticks were not pathogenic to humans. this concept has been modified extensively in the past 10 years with the identification of at least three additional rickettsial species that cause human tick-borne ricketts ...	2009	19094824
experimental infection of capybaras hydrochoerus hydrochaeris by rickettsia rickettsii and evaluation of the transmission of the infection to ticks amblyomma cajennense.	the present study evaluated the infection of capybaras (hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) by rickettsia rickettsii and their role as amplifier hosts for horizontal transmission of r. rickettsii to amblyomma cajennense ticks. two groups of two capybaras each were evaluated: on day 0, group 1 (g1) was infested by r. rickettsii-infected ticks, and group 2 (g2) was inoculated intraperitoneally with r. rickettsii. two additional groups were control groups, not exposed to r. rickettsii, being cg1 group the c ...	2009	19147293
prevalence of rickettsia species in canadian populations of dermacentor andersoni and d. variabilis.	we determined the prevalence of rickettsiae in dermacentor adults at 15 localities in canada. rickettsia rickettsii was not detected in any tick, whereas rickettsia peacockii was present in 76% of dermacentor andersoni adults and rickettsia montanensis in 8% of dermacentor variabilis adults. this host specificity was maintained in localities where both tick species occurred in sympatry.	2009	19151178
evaluation of serological tests for the diagnosis of rickettsiosis in denmark.	two commercially available immunofluorescence assays (ifa) were compared using historical sera evaluated for rickettsial antibodies by the weil-felix test. an ifa test produced by focus diagnostics prepared with rickettsia rickettsii and r. typhi antigens was compared with a custom made kit from fuller laboratories with r. rickettsii, r. typhi, r. conorii and r. helvetica as antigens. the serum panel used for the comparison included weil-felix-positive and -negative samples. cross-reactions were ...	2009	19162092
rocky mountain spotted fever in dogs, brazil.	clinical illness caused by rickettsia rickettsii in dogs has been reported solely in the united states. we report 2 natural clinical cases of rocky mountain spotted fever in dogs in brazil. each case was confirmed by seroconversion and molecular analysis and resolved after doxycycline therapy.	2009	19239764
rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia felis and rickettsia sp. twkm03 infecting rhipicephalus sanguineus and ctenocephalides felis collected from dogs in a brazilian spotted fever focus in the state of rio de janeiro/brazil.		2009	19298400
rickettsia rickettsii infection protects human microvascular endothelial cells against staurosporine-induced apoptosis by a ciap(2)-independent mechanism.	manipulation of host cell death is an important determinant of the outcome of an infection. here, we investigate whether rickettsia rickettsii-infected host endothelial cells resist the effects of staurosporine, a potent inducer of apoptosis, and we explore the mechanisms underlying the anti-apoptotic effect of infection.	2009	19358671
brazilian spotted fever in the paediatric age-segment in the state of são paulo, southeastern brazil, 2003-2006.		2009	19374639
brazilian spotted fever: two faces of a same disease? a comparative study of clinical aspects between an old and a new endemic area in brazil.		2009	19392896
selective activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (stat) proteins stat1 and stat3 in human endothelial cells infected with rickettsia rickettsii.		2009	19438651
rickettsia rickettsii infection of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells: modulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression.		2009	19438652
limited transcriptional responses of rickettsia rickettsii exposed to environmental stimuli.	rickettsiae are strict obligate intracellular pathogens that alternate between arthropod and mammalian hosts in a zoonotic cycle. typically, pathogenic bacteria that cycle between environmental sources and mammalian hosts adapt to the respective environments by coordinately regulating gene expression such that genes essential for survival and virulence are expressed only upon infection of mammals. temperature is a common environmental signal for upregulation of virulence gene expression although ...	2009	19440298
clusters of brazilian spotted fever in são paulo state, southeastern brazil. a review of official reports and the scientific literature.		2009	19456810
a survey of antibodies against rickettsia rickettsii and ehrlichia chafeensis in domestic animals from a rural area of colombia.	in a rural area of colombia endemic for rocky mountain spotted fever, we performed indirect immunofluorescent antibody assays for rickettsia spp. and ehrlichia spp. using sera from randomly sampled dogs and horses to test the use of domestic animals as possible sentinels. antibodies against ehrlichia spp. were detected in 8 dogs (31.8%). antibody titers against rickettsia rickettsii antigen were positive in 4 dogs (18.2%) and 26 horses (16.3%). these values, albeit not directly comparable, are l ...	2009	19478270
prevalence of rickettsia species antibodies and rickettsia species dna in the blood of cats with and without fever.	rickettsia species antibodies have been detected in some cats but it is unknown whether infected cats develop clinical signs. the prevalence of rickettsia species deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) in blood from clinically ill cats has not been determined. the objective of this study was to determine if cats with fever (body temperature >or=102.5 degrees f [39.2 degrees c]) were more likely to have evidence of rickettsial infection than healthy, age-matched, control cats with a body temperature<102.5 d ...	2009	18786845
closing the gaps between genotype and phenotype in rickettsia rickettsii.	rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) caused by rickettsia rickettsii is a severe rickettsiosis that occurs in nearly every state of the continental usa. rmsf is endemic in central and southern america, with recent well-documented cases in mexico, costa rica, panama, colombia, brazil, and argentina. rmsf is the most malignant among known rickettsioses causing severe multiorgan dysfunction and high case fatality rates, which can reach 73% in untreated cases. variations in pathogenic biotypes of r. ...	2009	19538260
status of the "east side hypothesis" (transovarial interference) 25 years later.	rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) cases in the notorious bitterroot valley outbreak of the early 20th century were peculiarly distributed, with virtually all reported from the west side of the valley. such a distribution remained unexplained until burgdorfer and colleagues (1981) reported that endosymbiotic rickettsiae were prevalent in wood ticks on the east side of the bitterroot river valley but not on the west side. the "east side agent" was said to prevent the transovarial transmission of ...	2009	19538274
ecology of rickettsia in south america.	until the year 2000, only three rickettsia species were known in south america: (i) rickettsia rickettsii, transmitted by the ticks amblyomma cajennense, and amblyomma aureolatum, reported in colombia, argentina, and brazil, where it is the etiological agent of rocky mountain spotted fever; (ii) rickettsia prowazekii, transmitted by body lice and causing epidemic typhus in highland areas, mainly in peru; (iii) rickettsia typhi, transmitted by fleas and causing endemic typhus in many countries. d ...	2009	19538276
detection and identification of rickettsial agents in ticks from domestic mammals in eastern panama.	several outbreaks of rocky mountain spotted fever have occurred in recent years in colombian communities close to the border with panama. however, little is known about rickettsiae and rickettsial diseases in eastern panamanian provinces, the darien province and the kuna yala, located north of the endemic area in colombia. in 2007, 289 ticks were collected in several towns from dogs, horses, mules, cows, and pigs. dna was extracted from 124 dermacentor nitens, 64 rhipicephalus sanguineus, 43 amb ...	2009	19645289
managing rocky mountain spotted fever.	rocky mountain spotted fever is caused by the tick-borne bacterium rickettsia rickettsii. symptoms range from moderate illness to severe illness, including cardiovascular compromise, coma and death. the disease is prevalent in most of the usa, especially during warmer months. the trademark presentation is fever and rash with a history of tick bite, although tick exposure is unappreciated in over a third of cases. other signature symptoms include headache and abdominal pain. the antibiotic therap ...	2009	19883333
[intraoperative monitoring of cerebral function and carotid hemodynamics during carotid endarterectomy].	the authors investigated the hemodynamics and monitored the cerebral function to perform the carotid endarterectomy (cea) safely. the hemodynamics were investigated by measurements of carotid arterial blood flow by an electromagnetic flow meter before and after cea. and a doppler flow meter applied directly to the carotid arteries to analyze the flow parameters such as peak frequencies (pf), mean frequencies (mf), mode frequencies (mo f) and % window. we used routinely our specially designed shu ...	2009	2812257
[intraoperative monitoring of cerebral function and carotid hemodynamics during carotid endarterectomy].	the authors investigated the hemodynamics and monitored the cerebral function to perform the carotid endarterectomy (cea) safely. the hemodynamics were investigated by measurements of carotid arterial blood flow by an electromagnetic flow meter before and after cea. and a doppler flow meter applied directly to the carotid arteries to analyze the flow parameters such as peak frequencies (pf), mean frequencies (mf), mode frequencies (mo f) and % window. we used routinely our specially designed shu ...	2009	2812257
psychiatric expertise in clinical decision making for psychiatric inpatients.	hospital boards and medical staffs are faced with difficult decisions about whether nonphysician mental health professionals should be given admitting privileges to psychiatric hospitals or treatment units. the authors describe the special medical expertise of the psychiatrist and define 11 indicators, such as a patient's need for new psychotropic medication or the presence of symptoms requiring medical or laboratory procedures, that can be used to determine whether psychiatric expertise is need ...	2009	3111970
psychiatric expertise in clinical decision making for psychiatric inpatients.	hospital boards and medical staffs are faced with difficult decisions about whether nonphysician mental health professionals should be given admitting privileges to psychiatric hospitals or treatment units. the authors describe the special medical expertise of the psychiatrist and define 11 indicators, such as a patient's need for new psychotropic medication or the presence of symptoms requiring medical or laboratory procedures, that can be used to determine whether psychiatric expertise is need ...	2009	3111970
[an unusual slow course of systemic vasculitis with multiorgan involvement].	this paper reports on an unusually slowly progressing course seen in systemic vasculitis of the median and smaller arteries and small veins associated with dermatomyositis, chronically active hepatitis, glomerulonephritis of the immune complex and restrictive cardiomyopathy in a 35-year-old patient. the authors discuss the difficulties in establishing the diagnosis and in finding the exact classification of this disease.	2009	2714835
the effects of carotid endarterectomy on the mechanical properties of the carotid sinus and carotid sinus nerve activity in atherosclerotic patients.		2009	4416230
family or individual therapy: the determinants of modality choice.	there are powerful non-rational forces in patients and therapists alike, and in the therapeutic context. these forces often determine whether individual or family therapy is chosen. historical, cultural, and economic forces, patient and family motivations, and therapist preferences are all powerful determinants of modality choice. this is partly due to the newness of the field of family therapy, and will probably continue until we have a better conceptual grasp of family theory and nosology, the ...	2009	4018725
distribution of a boronated porphyrin in murine tumors.		2009	2751609
systemic candidiasis with dic and candida endophthalmitis in a postoperative neonate.	a full-term male neonate, weighing 2540 g at birth, was admitted to hospital on day 2 because of vomiting and severe dehydration. duodeno-duodenostomy was performed on day 5 for congenital duodenal atresia. the child was well postoperatively until day 9, when he developed fever. intermittent fever continued despite treatment with several antibiotics. he became seriously ill on day 15 and developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. treatment with antifungal drugs (amphotericin b and 5-flucy ...	2009	2695030
cell-mediated immunity and symptomatic diabetic autonomic neuropathy.	t lymphocytes have been implicated in the nerve damage observed in allergic experimental neuritis and in idiopathic polyneuritis. symptomatic autonomic neuropathy in long-standing type 1 diabetes is a rare and unexplained complication, and some preliminary evidence has suggested a pathogenetic role for the immune system. we have measured levels of activated t lymphocytes in 18 type 1 diabetic patients with symptomatic autonomic neuropathy and in 16 matched patients with uncomplicated type 1 diab ...	2009	2976645
direct-reimbursement proposal may not live.		2009	2664596
how accurate are faculty evaluations of clinical competence?	to determine the degree and sources of variability faculty evaluations of residents for the american board of internal medicine (abim) clinical evaluation exercise (cex).	2009	2723833
thrombosis of the carotid artery following blunt trauma.		2009	2631311
elbow pain.	nonarticular causes of elbow pain include muscle strains, ligamentous injuries, epicondylitis, olecranon bursitis, and compressive neuropathies. overuse and trauma commonly cause these conditions. the history and physical examination differentiate them from an intra-articular process such as synovitis. laboratory analysis of fluid aspirated from a swollen olecranon bursa is necessary to differentiate infection or gout. x-rays are useful in avulsion fracture, osteochondritis dissecans, and epiphy ...	2010	3068691
geriatric education: training and practice perspectives.		2010	3358111
thromboxane synthetase inhibitors: design and synthesis of a novel series of omega-pyridylalkenoic acids.		2010	2936112
rhesus haemolytic disease treated with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin.		2010	2860352
interactions between adenosine and alpha 1-adrenergic agonists in regulation of respiration in hamster brown adipocytes.	respiration in brown adipocytes can be increased by beta-adrenergic receptor agonists or by alpha 1-adrenergic receptor agonists (phenylephrine and norepinephrine). previous studies have shown that beta receptor-stimulated respiration is inhibited by adenosine and that enzymatic removal of adenosine produced by fat cells under normal incubation conditions enhances the respiratory response to beta receptor activation. the present experiments were performed to determine the effect of adenosine on ...	2010	2885736
a case of wound botulism.		2010	2882064
detection and identification of ehrlichia species in blood by use of pcr and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.	rapid detection and identification of ehrlichia species improves clinical outcome for patients suspected of ehrlichiosis. we describe an assay that employs multilocus pcr and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-ms) to detect and identify ehrlichia species directly from blood specimens. the results were compared to those of a colorimetric microtiter pcr enzyme immunoassay (pcr-eia) used as a diagnostic assay. among 213 whole-blood samples collected from patients who were clinically ...	2010	19955274
rickettsia 364d: a newly recognized cause of eschar-associated illness in california.	four spotted fever group rickettsiae (sfgr) are known to infect humans in the united states. a member of the sfgr designated 364d and detected in dermacentor occidentalis ticks has not previously been identified as a human pathogen.	2010	20073993
rickettsial ompb promoter regulated expression of gfpuv in transformed rickettsia montanensis.	rickettsia spp. (rickettsiales: rickettsiaceae) are gram-negative, obligate intracellular, alpha-proteobacteria that have historically been associated with blood-feeding arthropods. certain species cause typhus and spotted fevers in humans, but others are of uncertain pathogenicity or may be strict arthropod endosymbionts. genetic manipulation of rickettsiae should facilitate a better understanding of their interactions with hosts.	2010	20126457
serological prevalence study of exposure of cats and dogs in launceston, tasmania, australia to spotted fever group rickettsiae.	a sero-epidemiological study of cats and dogs in the launceston area of tasmania, australia was undertaken to determine the prevalence of antibodies to spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae. results showed that 59% of cats and 57% of dogs were positive for antibodies, but there was no correlation between the animal's health and seropositivity at the time of testing, suggesting that rickettsial exposure is unrelated to ill-health in these two species of domestic animals.	2010	20148824
review of microarray studies for host-intracellular pathogen interactions.	obligate intracellular bacteria are privileged soldiers on the battlefield that represent host-pathogen interactions. microarrays are a powerful technology that can increase our knowledge about how bacteria respond to and interact with their hosts. this review summarizes the limitations inherent to host-pathogen interaction studies and essential strategies to improve microarray investigations of intracellular bacteria. we have compiled the comparative genomic and gene expression analyses of obli ...	2010	20188126
disruption of the rickettsia rickettsii sca2 autotransporter inhibits actin-based motility.	rickettsii rickettsii, the etiologic agent of rocky mountain spotted fever, replicates within the cytosol of infected cells and uses actin-based motility to spread inter- and intracellularly. although the ultrastructure of the actin tail and host proteins associated with it are distinct from those of listeria or shigella, comparatively little is known regarding the rickettsial proteins involved in its organization. here, we have used random transposon mutagenesis of r. rickettsii to generate a s ...	2010	20194597
the increasing recognition of rickettsial pathogens in dogs and people.	dogs and people are exposed to and susceptible to infection by many of the same tick-borne bacterial pathogens in the order rickettsiales, including anaplasma phagocytophilum, ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, rickettsia rickettsii, r. conorii, and other spotted fever group rickettsiae. recent findings include descriptions of novel ehrlichia and rickettsia species, recognition of the occurrence and clinical significance of co-infection, and increasing awareness of rhipicephalus sangui ...	2010	20207197
molecular detection of rickettsia bellii, rickettsia montanensis, and rickettsia rickettsii in a dermacentor variabilis tick from nature.	rickettsial diseases, such as rocky mountain spotted fever, pose a public health threat because of humans' interrelationship with common arthropod species, such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice. individuals may come in contact with these vectors of disease on a fairly regular basis either directly or indirectly through pets or wildlife species, at home or in recreational areas. therefore, it is of vital importance to know and understand the geographical distribution and prevalence of disease and ...	2010	19485770
biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus.	abstract: the brown dog tick (rhipicephalus sanguineus) is the most widespread tick in the world and a well-recognized vector of many pathogens affecting dogs and occasionally humans. this tick can be found on dogs living in both urban and rural areas, being highly adapted to live within human dwellings and being active throughout the year not only in tropical and subtropical regions, but also in some temperate areas. depending on factors such as climate and host availability, rh. sanguineus can ...	2010	20377860
rickettsia rickettsii infection of human macrovascular and microvascular endothelial cells reveals activation of both common and cell type-specific host response mechanisms.	although inflammation and altered barrier functions of the vasculature, due predominantly to the infection of endothelial cell lining of small and medium-sized blood vessels, represent salient pathological features of human rickettsioses, the interactions between pathogenic rickettsiae and microvascular endothelial cells remain poorly understood. we have investigated the activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa b (nf-kappab) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (map) kinase, expression of h ...	2010	20385756
the expanding spectrum of eschar-associated rickettsioses in the united states.	until recently, rickettsia rickettsii was the only substantiated cause of tick-borne spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiosis in humans in the united states. rickettsia parkeri, originally thought to be nonpathogenic in humans, was recently proved to be another cause of tick-borne sfg rickettsiosis.	2010	20404224
rickettsia infection in dogs and rickettsia parkeri in amblyomma tigrinum ticks, cochabamba department, bolivia.	only few published data are available on ticks and tick-borne zoonotic pathogens in bolivia. to evaluate rickettsial seroprevalence and infection in dogs and ticks, during february-april 2007, we collected whole blood, sera, and ticks from dogs living in the rural, peri-urban, and urban areas of cochabamba, bolivia. dog sera were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test to detect igg antibodies against rickettsia rickettsii and 68.2% of samples were found to be positive (n = 30; 95% c ...	2010	20426684
innate immunity in wooless lamb to larvae of amblyomma cajennense tick (fabricius, 1787) (acari: ixodidae).	the cayenne tick amblyomma cajennense infests preferably horses in its adult form but other mammal species in its immature stages and is the main vector of rickettsia rickettsii, the brazilian spotted fever pathogen. as wooless lambs are often raised on pasture together with horses, an experiment was performed to investigate their possible acquisition of resistance to a. cajennense after experimental infestations. seven naïve wooless lambs were infested thrice at 60 days interval with immature a ...	2010	20537112
rocky mountain spotted fever in the united states, 2000-2007: interpreting contemporary increases in incidence.	rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf), a potentially fatal tick-borne infection caused by rickettsia rickettsii, is considered a notifiable condition in the united states. during 2000 to 2007, the annual reported incidence of rmsf increased from 1.7 to 7 cases per million persons from 2000 to 2007, the highest rate ever recorded. american indians had a significantly higher incidence than other race groups. children 5-9 years of age appeared at highest risk for fatal outcome. enzyme-linked immunoso ...	2010	20595498
brazilian spotted fever in cart horses in a non-endemic area in southern brazil.	brazilian spotted fever (bsf) is an often fatal zoonosis caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium rickettsia rickettsii. the disease is generally transmitted to humans by amblyomma spp. ticks. serological evidence of past infection by r. rickettsii has been reported in horses, but the pathogenicity of r. rickettsii in horses remains unknown. cart horses are still widely used in urban and urban fringe areas in brazil, and these animals may constitute suitable sentinels for bsf human in thes ...	2010	20624353
amblyomma imitator ticks as vectors of rickettsia rickettsii, mexico.	real-time pcr of amblyomma imitator tick egg masses obtained in nuevo leon state, mexico, identified a rickettsia species. sequence analyses of 17-kd common antigen and outer membrane protein a and b gene fragments showed to it to be r. rickettsii, which suggested a potential new vector for this bacterium.	2010	20678325
adherence to and invasion of host cells by spotted fever group rickettsia species.	the pathogenic lifecycle of obligate intracellular bacteria presents a superb opportunity to develop understanding of the interaction between the bacteria and host under the pretext that disruption of these processes will likely lead to death of the pathogen and prevention of associated disease. species of the genus rickettsia contain some of the most hazardous of the obligate intracellular bacteria, including rickettsia rickettsii and r. conorii the causative agents of rocky mountain and medite ...	2010	21687751
[rocky mountain spotted fever in brazil].	although the number of confirmed cases of spotted fever has been declining in brazil since 2005, the mortality rate (20% to 30%) is still high in comparison to other countries. this high mortality rate is closely related to the difficulty in making the diagnosis and starting the correct treatment. only two groups of antibiotics have proven clinical effectiveness against spotted fever: chloramphenicol and tetracyclines. until recently, the use of tetracyclines was restricted to adults because of ...	2010	20721447
absence of rickettsia rickettsii and occurrence of other spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks from tennessee.	rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) is the most common tick-borne illness in tennessee. little is known about the occurrence of r. rickettsii, the causative agent, in ticks in tennessee. to better understand the prevalence and distribution of rickettsial agents in ticks, we tested 1,265 amblyomma, dermacentor, and ixodes adult and nymphal ticks. additionally, we tested 231 amblyomma americanum larvae. ticks were collected from 49 counties from humans, wild animals, domestic canines, and flannel ...	2010	20810834
100th anniversary of the death of ricketts: howard taylor ricketts (1871-1910). the namesake of the rickettsiaceae family.	the us american pathologist and microbiologist howard taylor ricketts died 100 years ago. he is renowned for discovering the causative organism and the transmission route of rocky mountain spotted fever and of tabardillo--an epidemic louse-borne typhus occurring especially in mexico. he also found that both diseases were caused by related infectious agents (rickettsia rickettsii and rickettsia prowazekii). the scientific community therefore named both a taxonomic family (rickettsiaceae) and an o ...	2010	20888424
rickettsial infections of dogs, horses and ticks in juiz de fora, southeastern brazil, and isolation of rickettsia rickettsii from rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks.	the present study was performed in an area endemic for brazilian spotted fever (bsf) in juiz de fora, state of minas gerais, brazil, during the years 2007 and 2008, when fatal cases of bsf (caused by rickettsia rickettsii) were reported. adult ticks (acari: ixodidae) identified as rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) and amblyomma cajennense (fabricius) were collected from dogs and horses, respectively, and tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). overall, 13.1% of the rh. sanguineus ticks and ...	2010	20950356
infrequency of rickettsia rickettsii in dermacentor variabilis removed from humans, with comments on the role of other human-biting ticks associated with spotted fever group rickettsiae in the united states.	abstract from 1997 to 2009, the tick-borne disease laboratory of the u.s. army public health command (usaphc) (formerly the u.s. army center for health promotion and preventive medicine) screened 5286 dermacentor variabilis ticks removed from department of defense (dod) personnel, their dependents, and dod civilian personnel for spotted fever group rickettsiae using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. rickettsia montanensis (171/5286 = 3.2%) and ricke ...	2010	21142953
rickettsia africae in amblyomma variegatum and domestic ruminants on eight caribbean islands.	we used pcrs with omp a primers to determine if spotted fever group rickettsiae occurred in amblyomma variegatum from 6 caribbean islands. positive amplicons were obtained from ticks from the u.s. virgin islands (9/18; 50%), dominica (39/171; 30%), montserrat (2/5; 40%), nevis (17/34; 50%), st. kitts (46/227; 20%), and st. lucia (1/14; 7%). sequences for a convenience sample of reaction products obtained from a. variegatum on st. kitts (7), american virgin islands (4), montserrat (2), and st. lu ...	2010	21158615
serological survey of rickettsia sp. in horses and dogs in a non-endemic area in brazil.	brazilian spotted fever (bsf) is a lethal rickettsiosis in humans caused by the bacteria rickettsia rickettsii, and is endemic in some areas of brazil. horses and dogs are part of the disease's life cycle and they may also serve as sentinel animals in epidemiological studies. the first human bsf case in the state of paraná was reported in 2005. the present study was conducted in the municipality of almirante tamandaré, where no previous case of bsf was reported. serum samples were collected from ...	2010	21184695
seroprevalence of rickettsia bellii and rickettsia felis in dogs, são josé dos pinhais, state of paraná, brazil.	brazilian spotted fever (bsf) is a vector-borne zoonosis caused by rickettsia rickettsii bacteria. dogs can be host sentinels for this bacterium. the aim of the study was to determine the presence of antibodies against rickettsia spp. in dogs from the city of são josé dos pinhais, state of paraná, southern brazil, where a human case of bsf was first reported in the state. between february 2006 and july 2007, serum samples from 364 dogs were collected and tested at 1:64 dilutions by indirect immu ...	2010	21184698
serosurvey of antibodies against spotted fever group rickettsia spp. in horse farms in northern paraná, brazil.	brazilian spotted fever (bsf) is an emerging disease most likely caused by rickettsia rickettsii. the objective of the present study was to estimate the seroprevalence of bsf rickettsia infections in equines from six horse farms located in londrina county, paraná, southern brazil. six owners of horse farms situated in cambé, santa fé, guaraci and londrina municipalities participated in the study. all farms were located in areas where bsf has not been reported. a total of 273 horses were sampled ...	2010	21184706
temporal lobe pathology in schizophrenia: a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study.	although numerous studies have confirmed the presence of larger cerebral ventricles in schizophrenia, the locus of tissue loss remains elusive. by analyzing magnetic resonance scans with computerized image analysis, the authors determined gray and white matter volumes in the temporal lobes and prefrontal regions of 17 patients with schizophrenia and 17 age- and sex-matched normal subjects. the volume of temporal lobe gray matter was 20% smaller in the patients than in the control subjects. the l ...	2010	2929746
first-trimester prenatal diagnosis for huntington's disease with dna probes.	polymorphic dna probes linked to the locus for huntington disease (hd) were used for prenatal diagnosis of a 10-week fetus at 25% risk for the disease. the fetus proved to have a 48% risk of having inherited the hd mutation which was similar to that for the at-risk parent (50%). on this basis the parents elected to terminate the pregnancy. when appropriate family members are available and dna studies are informative, prenatal diagnosis of hd with polymorphic dna probes can determine the at-risk ...	2010	2884412
tromsø: lessons from a new curriculum.		2010	2863501
affinity purification of hexosaminidases.	hexosaminidases a and b were purified by affinity chromatography from normal gastric mucosa, after preliminary separation of isozymes by anion exchange chromatography. heparin and mannosamine were coupled to sepharose 4b and used as affinity matrices and the purified enzymes were found to be homogeneous when analysed by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. this combination of 2 novel affinity chromatographic procedures is superior to existing methods in that a final yield of over 70% could b ...	2010	2965176
double-blind comparison of loratadine (sch 29851), astemizole, and placebo in hay fever with special regard to onset of action.	in this double-blind study, 65 patients with hay fever were treated for 14 days with either loratadine 10 mg once daily, astemizole 10 mg once daily, or placebo. on the third day of treatment loratadine was statistically superior to placebo, but astemizole and placebo showed no significant differences according to the ratings for symptomatology, efficacy, and individual symptoms. adverse effects were minimal and did not differ between the three groups. loratadine had a significantly earlier onse ...	2010	2904776
[current trends in the development of the science of coagulation abroad].		2010	2996966
segregation analysis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.	we examined the inheritance of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (jme). we looked at both the trait of "epilepsy" and the trait of "epilepsy-plus-eeg abnormalities," since eeg abnormalities are frequently found in the clinically unaffected sibs of jme patients. we tested several modes of inheritance including the fully penetrant recessive and several two-locus models. we could reject all models tested (fully penetrant single-locus and two-locus models) when abnormal eegs were classified as "unaffected ...	2010	3136050
fixed drug erythema due to two unrelated drugs.		2010	2935136