Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a nationwide survey of common viral infections in childhood among patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases. | patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (pid) are highly susceptible to various microorganisms. however, no population-based studies have been performed among common viral pathogens, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), rotavirus (rv), varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and influenza virus (iv). the objective of this study was to reveal the clinical burden of these four infections among pid patients in japan. | 2016 | 27498293 |
| an overview of infectious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | infections are the most common and significant cause of mortality and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-hsct). the presence of neutropenia and mucosal damage are the leading risk factors in the early pre-engraftment phase. in the early post-engraftment phase, graft versus host disease (gvhd) induced infection risk is increased in addition to catheter related infections. in the late phase, in which reconstitution of cellular and humoral immunity continues, a ... | 2016 | 27344206 |
| human coronaviruses in severe acute respiratory infection (sari) cases in southwest india. | acute viral respiratory infections (avri) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups globally. except for influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, mostly viral aetiology of avri remains undiagnosed. lately, human coronaviruses (hcovs) have emerged as an important aetiology of avri. a laboratory based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted in which respiratory samples (throat swabs) of patients (n = 864), with influenza negative sari, of all age groups ... | 2016 | 26512711 |
| a celebration of the life and work of caroline breese hall, md. | 2016 | 26908498 | |
| murine norovirus (mnv-1) exposure in vitro to the purine nucleoside analog ribavirin increases quasispecies diversity. | ribavirin is a pharmaceutical antiviral used for the treatment of rna virus infections including norovirus, hepatitis c virus, hepatitis e virus, lassa virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus. despite the drug's history and documented efficacy, the antiviral mechanism of ribavirin remains unclear. mechanisms proposed include depletion of the intracellular gtp pool, immunomodulatory effects, induction of error catastrophe, inhibition of viral polymerase activity, and/or inhibition of v ... | 2016 | 26494169 |
| incidence and viral aetiologies of acute respiratory illnesses (aris) in the united states: a population-based study. | we conducted prospective, community-wide surveillance for acute respiratory illnesses (aris) in rochester, ny and marshfield, wi during a 3-month period in winter 2011. we estimated the incidence of aris in each community, tested for viruses, and determined the proportion of aris associated with healthcare visits. we used a rolling cross-sectional design to sample participants, conducted telephone interviews to assess ari symptoms (defined as a current illness with feverishness or cough within t ... | 2016 | 26931351 |
| new vaccines for the world's poorest people. | the 2000 millennium development goals helped stimulate the development of life-saving childhood vaccines for pneumococcal and rotavirus infections while greatly expanding coverage of existing vaccines. however, there remains an urgent need to develop new vaccines for hiv/aids, malaria, and tuberculosis, as well as for respiratory syncytial virus and those chronic and debilitating (mostly parasitic) infections known as neglected tropical diseases (ntds). the ntds represent the most common disease ... | 2016 | 26356803 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection with viral coinfection in hiv-uninfected children. | molecular diagnostics enable sensitive detection of respiratory viruses, but their clinical significance remains unclear in pediatric lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). we aimed to determine whether viral coinfections increased life-threatening disease in a large cohort. | 2016 | 27927871 |
| thermoresponsive polymer nanoparticles co-deliver rsv f trimers with a tlr-7/8 adjuvant. | structure-based vaccine design has been used to develop immunogens that display conserved neutralization sites on pathogens such as hiv-1, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and influenza. improving the immunogenicity of these designed immunogens with adjuvants will require formulations that do not alter protein antigenicity. here, we show that nanoparticle-forming thermoresponsive polymers (trp) allow for co-delivery of rsv fusion (f) protein trimers with toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonists (tl ... | 2016 | 27583777 |
| a structural and mathematical modeling analysis of the likelihood of antibody-dependent enhancement in influenza. | broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnabs) for viral infections, such as hiv, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and influenza, are increasingly entering clinical development. for influenza, most neutralizing antibodies target influenza virus hemagglutinin. these bnabs represent an emerging, promising modality for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza due to their multiple mechanisms of antiviral action and generally safe profile. preclinical work in other viral diseases, such as dengue ... | 2016 | 27751627 |
| respiratory virus-associated severe acute respiratory illness and viral clustering in malawian children in a setting with a high prevalence of hiv infection, malaria, and malnutrition. | we used data from 4 years of pediatric severe acute respiratory illness (sari) sentinel surveillance in blantyre, malawi, to identify factors associated with clinical severity and coviral clustering. | 2016 | 27630199 |
| ending preventable maternal and newborn deaths due to infection. | over 300,000 maternal deaths occur each year, 11% of which are thought to be due to infectious causes, and approximately one million newborns die within the first week of life annually due to infectious causes. infections in pregnancy may result in a variety of adverse obstetrical outcomes, including preterm delivery, pre-labor rupture of membranes, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, congenital infection, and anomalies. this paper reviews the burden of disease due to key infections and their cont ... | 2016 | 27450868 |
| clinical characterisation and phylogeny of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalised children at red cross war memorial children's hospital, cape town. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children in both the community and hospital setting. | 2016 | 27246848 |
| maternal immunization: optimizing protection for the mother and infant. | immunizing the pregnant woman to protect both the mother and her infant from infection has been utilized increasingly over the last decade. new outbreaks of pandemic influenza and the resurgence of pertussis have resulted in policy changes and shifts in health authority recommendations for a number of vaccines aimed to protect both pregnant women and their infants in the first months of life. the ability of maternal immunoglobulin igg antibodies to be transported readily across the healthy intac ... | 2016 | 27233120 |
| epidemiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in hiv-exposed uninfected infants. | increased morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) has been suggested in hiv-exposed uninfected (heu) children; however, the contribution of respiratory viruses is unclear. we studied the epidemiology of lrti hospitalization in hiv-unexposed uninfected (huu) and heu infants aged <6 months in south africa. | 2016 | 27025960 |
| the role of influenza, rsv and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high hiv sero-prevalence, south africa 2012-2015. | viruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding. | 2016 | 26741826 |
| epidemiology and clinical characteristics of respiratory infections due to adenovirus in children living in milan, italy, during 2013 and 2014. | to evaluate the predominant human adenovirus (hadv) species and types associated with pediatric respiratory infections, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from otherwise healthy children attending an emergency room in milan, italy, due to a respiratory tract infection from january 1 to february 28 of two subsequent years, 2013 and 2014. the hadvs were detected using a respiratory virus panel fast assay (xtag rvp fast v2) and with a hadv-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction; their nucleo ... | 2016 | 27045588 |
| rapid profiling of rsv antibody repertoires from the memory b cells of naturally infected adult donors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in young children and the elderly. there are currently no licensed rsv vaccines, and passive prophylaxis with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab is restricted to high-risk infants in part due to its modest efficacy. although it is widely agreed that an effective rsv vaccine will require the induction of a potent neutralizing antibody response against the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein, little is known about the specificit ... | 2016 | 28111638 |
| development of a multiplex rt-pcr for simultaneous diagnosis of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) from clinical specimens. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) are ubiquitous respiratory viral pathogens. they belong to the family paramyxoviridae (subfamily pneumovirinae) and is responsible for acute respiratory tract infections in children, elderly and immunocompromised patients. we designed and tested a multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) as a cost-effective alternative to real-time pcr and cell culture based detection for hmpv and hrsv. the newly ... | 2016 | 28004017 |
| viral pathogens among elderly people with acute respiratory infections in shanghai, china: preliminary results from a laboratory-based surveillance, 2012-2015. | acute respiratory infections (aris), with viral pathogens as the major contributors, are the most common illnesses worldwide, and increase the morbidity and mortality among the elderly population. the clinical and pathological features of elderly people with aris need to be identified for disease intervention. from january 1(st) , 2012 through december 31(st) , 2015, respiratory specimens from patients above 60 years old with aris were collected from the outpatient and inpatient settings of six ... | 2016 | 27943329 |
| aberrant t cell immunity triggered by human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infection. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are the two major etiological viral agents of lower respiratory tract diseases, affecting mainly infants, young children and the elderly. although the infection of both viruses trigger an antiviral immune response that mediate viral clearance and disease resolution in immunocompetent individuals, the promotion of long-term immunity appears to be deficient and reinfection are common throughout life. a possible explanation f ... | 2016 | 27911218 |
| human metapneumovirus in the preterm neonate: current perspectives. | premature birth (<37 weeks gestation) occurs in ~11% of all births in the us. these infants are at risk of chronic lung disease and respiratory conditions, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia. respiratory viruses are important causes of acute respiratory illness (ari) in preterm infants, leading to rehospitalization, increased health care burden, and long-term morbidity. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus discovered in 2001 that is related to respiratory syncytial virus. epidemiolo ... | 2016 | 27891060 |
| viral respiratory infections in a nursing home: a six-month prospective study. | the knowledge on viral respiratory infections in nursing home (nh) residents and their caregivers is limited. the purpose of the present study was to assess and compare the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ari) in nursing home (nh) residents and staff, to identify viruses involved in ari and to correlate viral etiology with clinical manifestations of ari. | 2016 | 27814689 |
| maternal vitamin d supplementation during pregnancy and lactation to prevent acute respiratory infections in infancy in dhaka, bangladesh (mdari trial): protocol for a prospective cohort study nested within a randomized controlled trial. | early infancy is a high-risk period for severe acute respiratory infection (ari), particularly in low-income countries with resource-limited health systems. lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) is commonly preceded by upper respiratory infection (urti), and often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza and other common community-acquired viral pathogens. vitamin d status is a candidate modifiable early-life determinant of the host antiviral immune response and thus may influen ... | 2016 | 27737646 |
| community acquired respiratory virus infections in cancer patients-guideline on diagnosis and management by the infectious diseases working party of the german society for haematology and medical oncology. | community acquired viruses (crvs) may cause severe disease in cancer patients. thus, efforts should be made to diagnose crv rapidly and manage crv infections accordingly. | 2016 | 27681877 |
| spirometry filters can be used to detect exhaled respiratory viruses. | respiratory viruses are very common in the community and contribute to the burden of illness for patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including acute exacerbations. traditional sampling methods are invasive and problematic to repeat. accordingly, we explored whether respiratory viruses could be isolated from disposable spirometry filters and whether detection of viruses in this context represented presence in the upper or lower respiratory tract. discovery (n = 53) and validation (n = ... | 2016 | 27669334 |
| spatial and temporal spread of acute viral respiratory infections in young children living in high-altitude rural communities: a prospective household-based study. | few studies have described patterns of transmission of viral acute respiratory infections (ari) in children in developing countries. we examined the spatial and temporal spread of viral ari among young children in rural peruvian highland communities. previous studies have described intense social interactions in those communities, which could influence the transmission of viral infections. | 2016 | 27404599 |
| partial comparison of the nxtag respiratory pathogen panel assay with the luminex xtag respiratory panel fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of respiratory pathogens. | in this study, 185 nasopharyngeal swabs were tested to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the luminex nxtag (nxtag) respiratory pathogen panel (rpp) assay with those of the luminex respiratory virus panel (rvp) fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the nxtag assay identified at least one infectious agent in 164 (88.7%) of the swabs. in 91 (6.2%) tests with negative results with the rvp fast assay v2, a virus was identified by the nxtag (p < 0.001). with ... | 2016 | 27401400 |
| human metapneumovirus epidemiological and evolutionary patterns in coastal kenya, 2007-11. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important global cause of severe acute respiratory infections in young children and the elderly. the epidemiology of hmpv in sub-saharan africa is poorly described and factors that allow its recurrent epidemics in communities not understood. | 2016 | 27316548 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and hematologic malignancy patients: a systematic review. | over the past decade, reported incidence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has increased owing to the use of molecular assays for diagnosis of respiratory viral infections in cancer patients. the seasonality of these infections, differences in sampling strategies across institutions, and small sample size of published studies make it difficult to appreciate the true incidence and impact of hmpv infections. in this systematic review, we summarized the published data on hmpv infections in hematopoie ... | 2016 | 27260872 |
| human metapneumovirus circulation in the united states, 2008 to 2014. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection causes respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. however, national hmpv seasonality, as it compares with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza seasonality patterns, has not been well described. | 2016 | 27244790 |
| detection of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by real-time polymerase chain reaction among hospitalized young children in iran. | acute respiratory infection plays an important role in hospitalization of children in developing countries; detection of viral causes in such infections is very important. the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common etiological agent of viral lower respiratory tract infection in children, and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is associated with both upper and lower respiratory tract infections among infants and children. | 2016 | 27226877 |
| a chimeric pneumovirus fusion protein carrying neutralizing epitopes of both mpv and rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are paramyxoviruses that are responsible for substantial human health burden, particularly in children and the elderly. the fusion (f) glycoproteins are major targets of the neutralizing antibody response and studies have mapped dominant antigenic sites in f. here we grafted a major neutralizing site of rsv f, recognized by the prophylactic monoclonal antibody palivizumab, onto hmpv f, generating a chimeric protein displaying epi ... | 2016 | 27224013 |
| coinfections of the respiratory tract: viral competition for resources. | studies have shown that simultaneous infection of the respiratory tract with at least two viruses is common in hospitalized patients, although it is not clear whether these infections are more or less severe than single virus infections. we use a mathematical model to study the dynamics of viral coinfection of the respiratory tract in an effort to understand the kinetics of these infections. specifically, we use our model to investigate coinfections of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhi ... | 2016 | 27196110 |
| acute myopericarditis caused by human metapneumovirus. | human metapneumovirus is known to be similar to respiratory syncytial virus. because of an incomplete protective immune response to new genotypes, re-infection occurs frequently, especially in the elderly. however, the clinical manifestations of human metapneumovirus need to be further characterized in adults. a 73-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with acute dyspnea, chest discomfort and influenza-like illness. the patient was diagnosed with human metapneumovirus infection, complic ... | 2016 | 27104014 |
| etiology, seasonality, and clinical characterization of viral respiratory infections among hospitalized children in beirut, lebanon. | acute respiratory tract viral infections occur worldwide and are one of the major global burdens of diseases in children. the aim of this study was to determine the viral etiology of respiratory infections in hospitalized children, to understand the viral seasonality in a major lebanese hospital, and to correlate disease severity and the presence of virus. over a 1-year period, nasal and throat swabs were collected from 236 pediatric patients, aged 16-year old or less and hospitalized for acute ... | 2016 | 27061822 |
| [phylogenetic variability of human metapneumovirus strains circulating in turkey during two consecutive epidemic seasons]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), classified in paramyxoviridae family, phylogenetically consists of two major groups namely a and b, with genetic lineages of a1, a2 (comprises of sublineages a2a and a2b) and b1, b2. although detailed evaluation on phylogenetic analysis of hmpv has been described in other countries, there are no data from turkey on this subject. the aim of this study was to demonstrate for the first time, the phylogenetic diversity of hmpv strains circulating in turkey during two co ... | 2016 | 27058330 |
| [respiratory viruses in pediatrics: what's new?]. | molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our knowledge regarding the contribution of respiratory viruses in respiratory illnesses in children, mainly lower respiratory tract infections. respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus (rv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are predominant viral agents identified in children. notwithstanding the importance of respiratory viruses in children, treatment and prophylactic options remain limited. these include palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody prophyl ... | 2016 | 27039461 |
| paramyxovirus infection: mortality and morbidity in a pediatric intensive care unit. | we investigated mortality and morbidity of patients admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (picu) with paramyxovirus infection. | 2016 | 27037248 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in severe lower respiratory tract infections in children under two. | viruses are the most important causative agents of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alrtis), ranked as the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of hospitalization in children. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are among the commonest viral causes of severe alrti. in this study, we aimed to study the burden of both rsv and hmpv in causing severe alrti in children younger than two years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (p ... | 2016 | 27031461 |
| novel respiratory syncytial virus-like particle vaccine composed of the postfusion and prefusion conformations of the f glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and children and represents an important global health burden for the elderly and the immunocompromised. despite decades of research efforts, no licensed vaccine for rsv is available. we have developed virus-like particle (vlp)-based rsv vaccines assembled with the human metapneumovirus (hmpv) matrix protein (m) as the structural scaffold and the rsv fusion glycoprotein (f) in either the postfusion or ... | 2016 | 27030590 |
| viral etiology of severe acute respiratory infections in hospitalized children in cameroon, 2011-2013. | severe acute respiratory illness (sari) is recognized as an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization among children in developing countries. little is known, however, in tropical countries like cameroon about the cause and seasonality of respiratory infections, especially in hospitalized settings. | 2016 | 27012372 |
| albuterol use in children hospitalized with human metapneumovirus respiratory infection. | introduction. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus from the same subfamily as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and causes similar acute lower respiratory tract infection. albuterol in the setting of acute rsv infection is controversial and has not yet been studied in hmpv. we sought to determine the frequency of albuterol use in hmpv infection and the association between albuterol administration and patient outcomes. methods. we conducted a retrospective cohort study identifying all ... | 2016 | 26925109 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of respiratory viral coinfections in children. | respiratory infections are a common cause of paediatric morbidity. clinical outcomes in children hospitalized with single respiratory virus infection are compared with those with two or more viral-viral coinfection. studies were restricted to those reporting on children aged less than 5 years (prospero crd#42014009133). published data to calculate risk ratios (rr) comparing children with single viral infections to coinfection using a random effects model were used. similar analyses by pathogen p ... | 2016 | 26919484 |
| prevalence of rhinovirus in wheezing children: a comparison with respiratory syncytial virus wheezing. | to explore the distribution and clinical manifestations of rhinovirus infection in wheezing children, and compare the clinical differences between rhinovirus- and respiratory syncytial virus-induced wheezing. | 2016 | 26859065 |
| respiratory viruses associated hospitalization among children aged <5 years in bangladesh: 2010-2014. | we combined hospital-based surveillance and health utilization survey data to estimate the incidence of respiratory viral infections associated hospitalization among children aged < 5 years in bangladesh. | 2016 | 26840782 |
| viral etiology of medically attended influenza-like illnesses in children less than five years old in suzhou, china, 2011-2014. | limited information is available on the non-influenza etiology and epidemiology of influenza-like illness (ili) in china. from april 2011 to march 2014, we collected oropharyngeal swabs from children less than 5 years of age with symptoms of ili who presented to the outpatient departments of suzhou university affiliated children's hospital (sch). we used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) or pcr to detect 11 respiratory viruses. among 3,662 enrolled ili patients, 1,292 (35. ... | 2016 | 26792409 |
| prevalence of human metapneumovirus infection among patients with influenza-like illness: report from a tertiary care centre, southern india. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), discovered in the 21st century, has emerged as an important cause of influenza-like illness in children and adults causing mild upper respiratory tract infection to severe bronchiolitis and community-associated pneumonia. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hmpv in the union territory of puducherry, india, as part of national influenza surveillance programme. | 2016 | 26776115 |
| immunogenicity and efficacy of alphavirus-derived replicon vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in nonhuman primates. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are major causes of illness among children, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. no vaccine has been licensed for protection against either of these viruses. we tested the ability of two venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based viral replicon particle (vee-vrp) vaccines that express the hrsv or hmpv fusion (f) protein to confer protection against hrsv or hmpv in african green monkeys. animals immunized with vee-vrp va ... | 2016 | 26772634 |
| pediatric asthma and viral infection. | respiratory viral infections, particularly respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus, are the most importance risk factors for the onset of wheezing in infants and small children. bronchiolitis is the most common acute respiratory infection in children under 1year of age, and the most common cause of hospitalization in this age group. rsv accounts for approximately 70% of all these cases, followed by rhinovirus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus and bocavirus. the association between bronchioli ... | 2016 | 26766408 |
| comprehensive real-time epidemiological data from respiratory infections in finland between 2010 and 2014 obtained from an automated and multianalyte maripoc® respiratory pathogen test. | respiratory viruses cause seasonal epidemics every year. several respiratory pathogens are circulating simultaneously and typical symptoms of different respiratory infections are alike, meaning it is challenging to identify and diagnose different respiratory pathogens based on symptoms alone. maripoc® is an automated, multianalyte antigen test which allows the rapid detection of nine respiratory infection pathogens [influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovi ... | 2016 | 26740322 |
| predictors of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection in children aged <2 years in the province of quebec, canada. | young age, adverse environmental conditions and infectious agents are established risk factors of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti), whereas pneumococcal conjugate vaccines may be protective. to explore their relative role as predictors of hospitalizations under the continental climate prevailing in the province of quebec, canada, an ecological study was performed. records with a main diagnosis of lrti in children born during 2007-2010 and observed up to their second-year anniversary were ... | 2016 | 26381086 |
| temporal trends and factors associated with pediatric hospitalizations with respiratory infection. | asthma is the leading cause of emergency room visits in children, and those with asthma tend to suffer from more severe consequences of respiratory tract infections. the aims of this study were among children who required hospitalization, compare differences between those admitted with or without respiratory infection, describe changes in yearly proportion of asthma among the children admitted with a respiratory infection in new york city from 2006 to 2012 and ascertain how asthma affected the a ... | 2016 | 26364908 |
| etiology and clinical characteristics of single and multiple respiratory virus infections diagnosed in croatian children in two respiratory seasons. | the aim of this study was to determine the causative agent of acute respiratory infection (ari) in hospitalized children, as well as investigate the characteristics of aris with single and multiple virus detection in two respiratory seasons. in 2010 and 2015, nasopharyngeal and pharyngeal swabs from a total of 134 children, admitted to the hospital due to ari, were tested using multiplex pcr. viral etiology was established in 81.3% of the patients. coinfection with two viruses was diagnosed in 2 ... | 2016 | 27656298 |
| multiple strategies reveal a bidentate interaction between the nipah virus attachment and fusion glycoproteins. | the paramyxoviral family contains many medically important viruses, including measles virus, mumps virus, parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, and the deadly zoonotic henipaviruses hendra and nipah virus (niv). to both enter host cells and spread from cell to cell within infected hosts, the vast majority of paramyxoviruses utilize two viral envelope glycoproteins: the attachment glycoprotein (g, h, or hemagglutinin-neuraminidase [hn]) and the fusion glycopro ... | 2016 | 27654290 |
| engineering, structure and immunogenicity of the human metapneumovirus f protein in the postfusion conformation. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus that is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children less than five years of age. the hmpv fusion (f) glycoprotein is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies and is thus a critical vaccine antigen. to facilitate structure-based vaccine design, we stabilized the ectodomain of the hmpv f protein in the postfusion conformation and determined its structure to a resolution of 3.3 å by x-ray crystallography. the structure resembles an ... | 2016 | 27611367 |
| respiratory viral infections and coinfections in children with cancer, fever and neutropenia: clinical outcome of infections caused by different respiratory viruses. | respiratory viral infections in episodes of fever and neutropenia (fn) in children with cancer are not well characterized. we compared the clinical outcome of infections caused by different respiratory viruses (rvs) and by rv coinfection in this population. | 2016 | 27518750 |
| metapneumovirus infections and respiratory complications. | acute respiratory tract infections (artis) are the most common illnesses experienced by people of all ages worldwide. in 2001, a new respiratory pathogen called human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was identified in respiratory secretions. hmpv is an rna virus of the paramyxoviridae family, and it has been isolated on every continent and from individuals of all ages. hmpv causes 7 to 19% of all cases of artis in both hospitalized and outpatient children, and the rate of detection in adults is approximat ... | 2016 | 27486733 |
| codetection of respiratory syncytial virus in habituated wild western lowland gorillas and humans during a respiratory disease outbreak. | pneumoviruses have been identified as causative agents in several respiratory disease outbreaks in habituated wild great apes. based on phylogenetic evidence, transmission from humans is likely. however, the pathogens have never been detected in the local human population prior to or at the same time as an outbreak. here, we report the first simultaneous detection of a human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infection in western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla) and in the local human ... | 2016 | 27436109 |
| pathogen profiles and molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses in japanese inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia. | the etiological profile of viruses among adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) has not been characterized yet. the aim of this study was twofold: first, investigate the pathogen profiles and the molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses among japanese cap patients; and second, explore the clinical significance of viral infections. | 2016 | 27424825 |
| respiratory viral detection in children and adults: comparing asymptomatic controls and patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | the clinical significance of viruses detected in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is often unclear. | 2016 | 26180044 |
| therapeutic potential of n-acetylcysteine for wound healing, acute bronchiolitis, and congenital heart defects. | wound healing is a composite and vital process in which devitalized tissue layers and cellular structures repair themselves. bronchiolitis is generally prompted by respiratory syncytial virus or human metapneumovirus; this condition is an acute inflammatory injury of bronchioles. heart problems that develop before birth are known as congenital heart defects (chds), and pregestational diabetes is considered a major predisposing factor of chds. n-acetylcysteine (nac) is a transformed kind of amino ... | 2016 | 26651980 |
| sendai virus as a backbone for vaccines against rsv and other human paramyxoviruses. | human paramyxoviruses are the etiological agents for life-threatening respiratory virus infections of infants and young children. these viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the human parainfluenza viruses (hpiv1-4) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), are responsible for millions of serious lower respiratory tract infections each year worldwide. there are currently no standard treatments and no licensed vaccines for any of these pathogens. here we review research with which sendai ... | 2016 | 26648515 |
| similar virus spectra and seasonality in paediatric patients with acute respiratory disease, ghana and germany. | epidemiological differences between tropical and temperate regions regarding viruses causing acute respiratory infection are poorly understood. this is in part because methodological differences limit the comparability of data from these two regions. using identical molecular detection methods, we tested 1174 ghanaian and 539 german children with acute respiratory infections sampled over 12 months for the 15 most common respiratory viruses by pcr. a total 43.2% of the ghanaian and 56.6% of the g ... | 2016 | 26585774 |
| human metapneumovirus infection is associated with severe respiratory disease in preschool children with history of prematurity. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a recently discovered respiratory pathogen of the family paramyxoviridae, the same family as that of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). premature children are at high risk of severe rsv infections, however, it is unclear whether hmpv infection is more severe in hospitalized children with a history of severe prematurity. | 2016 | 26117550 |
| a comparison of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus who-defined severe pneumonia in moroccan children. | acute respiratory infections remain the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in moroccan children. besides bacterial infections, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are prominent among other viruses due to their high prevalence and association with severe clinical episodes. we aimed to describe and compare rsv- and hmpv-associated cases of who-defined severe pneumonia in a paediatric population admitted to morocco's reference hospital. children aged 2-59 mont ... | 2016 | 26143933 |
| google flu trends in canada: a comparison of digital disease surveillance data with physician consultations and respiratory virus surveillance data, 2010-2014. | the value of google flu trends (gft) remains unclear after it overestimated the proportion of physician visits related to influenza-like illness (ili) in the united states in 2012-2013. however, gft estimates (%gft) have not been examined nationally in canada nor compared with positivity for respiratory viruses other than influenza. for 2010-2014, we compared %gft for canada to public health agency of canada ili consultation rates (%phac) and to positivity for influenza a and b, respiratory sync ... | 2016 | 26135239 |
| viral respiratory infections of adults in the intensive care unit. | viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) are an underappreciated cause of critical illness in adults. recent advances in viral detection techniques over the past decade have demonstrated viral lrtis are associated with rates of morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization comparable to those of seen with bacterial community acquired and nosocomial pneumonias. in this review, we describe the relationship between viral lrtis and critical illness, as well as discuss relevant clinical f ... | 2016 | 25990273 |
| what we have learned from the influenza a ph1n1 2009/10 pandemic: high clinical impact of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized pediatric patients. | the influenza pandemic in 2009/2010 shifted public awareness to respiratory tract infections caused by the influenza virus. a prospective study was conducted during the influenza pandemic from november 2009 through april 2010 to determine the causative pathogens and clinical symptoms present in all children and adolescents admitted to the university children's hospital, duesseldorf, germany, with signs and symptoms of respiratory tract infection. a total of 272 children and adolescents were admi ... | 2016 | 25971322 |
| is the role of rhinoviruses as causative agents of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia over-estimated? | the role that rhinoviruses, enteroviruses, parainfluenza viruses, coronaviruses and human bocavirus play in pediatric pneumonia is insufficiently studied. we used polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to study 9 virus groups, including 16 different viruses or viral strains, in 56 ambulatory children with radiologically confirmed community-acquired pneumonia (cap). the same tests were carried out on 474 apparently healthy control children of the same age and sex. the mean age of children with cap was 6 ... | 2016 | 27714467 |
| inflammation and emphysema in cigarette smoke-exposed mice when instilled with poly (i:c) or infected with influenza a or respiratory syncytial viruses. | the length of time for cigarette smoke (cs) exposure to cause emphysema in mice is drastically reduced when cs exposure is combined with viral infection. however, the extent of inflammatory responses and lung pathologies of mice exposed to cs and infected with influenza a virus (iav), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), or treated with the viral derivative dsrna (polyinosine-polycytidylic acid [poly (i:c)] have not been compared. | 2016 | 27363862 |
| a novel p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (mapk) specific inhibitor suppresses respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a virus replication by inhibiting virus-induced p38 mapk activation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a virus are leading causes of acute lower respiratory infectious disease. respiratory diseases caused by rsv and influenza a virus result in serious economic burden and life-threatening disease for immunocompromised people. with the revelation that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) activity in host cells is crucial for infection and replication of rsv and influenza a virus, inhibition of p38 mapk activity has been suggested as a potential ... | 2016 | 27346133 |
| identification and characterization of influenza virus entry inhibitors through dual myxovirus high-throughput screening. | influenza a virus (iav) infections cause major morbidity and mortality, generating an urgent need for novel antiviral therapeutics. we recently established a dual myxovirus high-throughput screening protocol that combines a fully replication-competent iav-wsn strain and a respiratory syncytial virus reporter strain for the simultaneous identification of iav-specific, paramyxovirus-specific, and broad-spectrum inhibitors. in the present study, this protocol was applied to a screening campaign to ... | 2016 | 27252534 |
| detection of common respiratory viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae in patient-occupied rooms in pediatric wards. | few studies have assessed viral contamination in the rooms of hospital wards. this cross-sectional study evaluated the air and objects in patient-occupied rooms in pediatric wards for the presence of common respiratory viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae.air samplers were placed at a short (60-80 cm) and long (320 cm) distance from the head of the beds of 58 pediatric patients, who were subsequently confirmed to be infected with enterovirus (n = 17), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (n = 13), inf ... | 2016 | 27057827 |
| epidemiology of 11 respiratory rna viruses in a cohort of hospitalized children in riyadh, saudi arabia. | respiratory tract infections are a principal cause of illness and mortality in children worldwide and mostly caused by viruses. in this study, the epidemiology of 11 respiratory rna viruses was investigated in a cohort of hospitalized children at a tertiary referral center in riyadh from february 2008 to march 2009 using conventional and real-time monoplex rt-pcr assays. among 174 nasopharyngeal aspirates, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was detected in 39 samples (22.41%), influenza a virus i ... | 2016 | 26595650 |
| performance of a novel point-of-care molecular assay for detection of influenza a and b viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (enigma minilab) in children with acute respiratory infection. | the performance of the enigma minilab assay for influenza a and b viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was compared to a centralized laboratory respiratory virus panel. the positive and negative percent agreement for influenza a virus, influenza b virus, and rsv were 79.2% (95% confidence interval [95% ci], 57.8 to 92.9%) and 99.4% (95% ci, 98.4 to 99.9), 100% (95% ci, 47.8 to 100%) and 100% (95% ci, 99.3 to 100%), 98.5% (95% ci, 94.6 to 99.8%) and 94.5% (95% ci, 91.9 to 96.4%), respect ... | 2016 | 26560540 |
| early occurrence of influenza a epidemics coincided with changes in occurrence of other respiratory virus infections. | viral interaction in which outbreaks of influenza and other common respiratory viruses might affect each other has been postulated by several short studies. regarding longer time periods, influenza epidemics occasionally occur very early in the season, as during the 2009 pandemic. whether early occurrence of influenza epidemics impacts outbreaks of other common seasonal viruses is not clear. | 2016 | 26369646 |
| intranasal treatment with a novel immunomodulator mediates innate immune protection against lethal pneumonia virus of mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. there are no licensed rsv vaccines available, and the few treatment options for high-risk individuals are either extremely costly or cause severe side effects and toxicity. immunomodulation mediated by a novel formulation consisting of the toll-like receptor 3 agonist poly(i:c), an innate defense regulator peptide and a polyphosphazene (p-i-p) was evaluated in the con ... | 2016 | 27771388 |
| il-12p40 gene-deficient balb/c mice exhibit lower weight loss, reduced lung pathology and decreased sensitization to allergen in response to infection with pneumonia virus of mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) causes similar disease. balb/c mice are highly susceptible, while c57bl/6 mice are more resistant to pvm. il-12 was significantly more up-regulated in response to pvm infection in balb/c than in c57bl/6 mice. il-12p40-deficient neonatal and adult balb/c mice showed significantly less weight loss than wild-type mice after pvm challenge. the percentage of regulatory t cell ... | 2016 | 27400340 |
| aeroallergen-induced il-33 predisposes to respiratory virus-induced asthma by dampening antiviral immunity. | frequent viral lower respiratory infections in early life are an independent risk factor for asthma onset. this risk and the development of persistent asthma are significantly greater in children who later become sensitized. | 2016 | 27236500 |
| the response of aged mice to primary infection and re-infection with pneumonia virus of mice depends on their genetic background. | the pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) model is used to study respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pathogenesis. the outcome of pvm infection varies in different inbred mouse strains, balb/c being highly susceptible and c57bl/6 more resistant. as the disease symptoms induced by rsv infection can become more severe as people age, we examined the primary and secondary immune responses to infection with pvm in aged balb/c and c57bl/6 mice. based on clinical parameters, aged c57bl/6 mice displayed less seve ... | 2016 | 26621546 |
| recombinant measles virus incorporating heterologous viral membrane proteins for use as vaccines. | recombinant measles virus (rmv) vectors expressing heterologous viral membrane protein antigens are potentially useful as vaccines. genes encoding the mumps virus haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (muv-hn), the influenza virus haemagglutinin (flu-ha) or the respiratory syncytial virus fusion (rsv-f) proteins were inserted into the genome of a live attenuated vaccine strain of measles virus. additionally, in this case rmv with the muv-hn or the influenza ha inserts, chimeric constructs were created th ... | 2016 | 27311834 |
| klf6 and inos regulates apoptosis during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a highly pathogenic lung-tropic virus that causes severe respiratory diseases. enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide (inos) is required for no generation. although no contributes to exaggerated lung disease during rsv infection, the role of no in apoptosis during infection is not known. in addition, host trans-activator(s) required for inos gene expression during rsv infection is unknown. in the current study we have uncovered the mechanism of in ... | 2016 | 23831683 |
| prevalence of human respiratory syncytial virus circulating in iran. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of acute respiratory infection during early childhood and is associated with a great burden on patients, parents, and society. while no treatment is yet available, results from recent phase 2 clinical trials of cell-entry inhibitors and rsv vaccines are promising. to prepare for introduction of these novel therapeutics, good understanding of its molecular epidemiology and continuous rsv surveillance data are necessary. this paper provides an o ... | 2016 | 26143136 |
| phosphorylation of the human respiratory syncytial virus p protein mediates m2-2 regulation of viral rna synthesis, a process that involves two p proteins. | the m2-2 protein regulates the balance between human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) transcription and replication. here it is shown that m2-2 mediated transcriptional inhibition is managed through p protein phosphorylation. transcription inhibition by m2-2 of the hrsv based minigenome prsvluc, required p protein phosphorylation at serines (s) in positions 116, 117, 119 and increased inhibition is observed if s232 or s237 is also phosphorylated. phosphorylation of these residues is required f ... | 2016 | 26474524 |
| dna-aunp networks on cell membranes as a protective barrier to inhibit viral attachment, entry and budding. | viral infections have caused numerous diseases and deaths worldwide. due to the emergence of new viruses and frequent virus variation, conventional antiviral strategies that directly target viral or cellular proteins are limited because of the specificity, drug resistance and rapid clearance from the human body. therefore, developing safe and potent antiviral agents with activity against viral infection at multiple points in the viral life cycle remains a major challenge. in this report, we prop ... | 2016 | 26606447 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in macaques is not suppressed by intranasal sprays of pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitors. | there is imperious need for efficient therapies against ubiquitous and life-threatening respiratory viruses, foremost among them being the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). several research groups who performed functional screens for broad-spectrum antivirals identified compounds targeting the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. despite their strong antiviral activity in vitro, whether such antimetabolites are effective in vivo remains highly controversial. here, we evaluated two po ... | 2016 | 26593978 |
| gm-csf treatment prevents respiratory syncytial virus-induced pulmonary exacerbation responses in postallergic mice by stimulating alveolar macrophage maturation. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of asthma exacerbations, yet the susceptibility of asthmatic patients to rsv is poorly understood. | 2016 | 26560044 |
| investigating the influence of ribavirin on human respiratory syncytial virus rna synthesis by using a high-resolution transcriptome sequencing approach. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of serious respiratory tract infection. treatment options include administration of ribavirin, a purine analog, although the mechanism of its anti-hrsv activity is unknown. we used transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq) to investigate the genome mutation frequency and viral mrna accumulation in hrsv-infected cells that were left untreated or treated with ribavirin. in the absence of ribavirin, hrsv-specific transcripts accounted for up to one ... | 2016 | 26656699 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus: role of innate immunity in clearance and disease progression. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infections have worldwide records. the virus is responsible for bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and asthma in humans of different age groups. premature infants, young children, and immunocompromised individuals are prone to severe hrsv infection that may lead to death. based on worldwide estimations, millions of cases were reported in both developed and developing countries. in fact, hrsv symptoms develop mainly as a result of host immune response. due to inabi ... | 2016 | 26679242 |
| experimental evidence and molecular modeling of the interaction between hrsv-ns1 and quercetin. | human respiratory syncytial virus is one of the major causes of acute respiratory infections in children, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. non-structural protein 1 (ns1) is involved in immune system evasion, a process that contributes to the success of hrsv replication. this protein can act by inhibiting or neutralizing several steps of interferon pathway, as well as by silencing the hrsv ribonucleoproteic complex. there is evidence that quercetin can reduce the infection and/or replication ... | 2016 | 26718867 |
| seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus in buenos aires. relationship with global climate change. | global climate change circulation pattern respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). we assessed whether rsv season has changed over the past 20 years and its correlation with mean annual temperature. | 2016 | 26914075 |
| dna vaccine encoding central conserved region of g protein induces th1 predominant immune response and protection from rsv infection in mice. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause serious infection in the lower respiratory tract, especially in infants, young children, the elderly and the immunocompromised population worldwide. previous study demonstrated the polypeptide (amino acids 148-198) of rsv attachment (g) glycoprotein, corresponding to the central conserved region and encompassing cx3c chemokine motif, could induce antibodies and protection from rsv challenge in mice [1,2]. in this study, we evaluated the immune ef ... | 2016 | 27688078 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in the pediatric teaching hospital charles de gaulle of ouagadougou, burkina faso]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are little known in burkina faso. the objective of our work is to study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of rsv infections in infants in the pediatric teaching hospital charles de gaulle of ouagadougou. between july 1(st) 2010 and june 30(th) 2011, we analyzed by direct immunofluorescence and pcr nasopharyngeal swabs from children from 0 to 36 months old. all in all, 210 patients among whom 74 from the external consultation (35.2%) and 1 ... | 2016 | 26821370 |
| induction of dna double-strand breaks and cellular senescence by human respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) accounts for the majority of lower respiratory tract infections during infancy and childhood and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. hrsv provokes a proliferation arrest and characteristic syncytia in cellular systems such as immortalized epithelial cells. we show here that hrsv induces the expression of dna damage markers and proliferation arrest such as p-tp53, p-atm, cdkn1a and γh2afx in cultured cells secondary to the production of ... | 2016 | 26809688 |
| complete genome sequence of human respiratory syncytial virus isolated in mexico. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a member of the paramyxoviridae family, which causes lower respiratory tract infections in neonates and children younger than 5 years. here, we report the complete genome sequence of hrsv, isolated from a nasopharyngeal swab of a pregnant woman with cardiac complications. | 2016 | 26769933 |
| isg15 is upregulated in respiratory syncytial virus infection and reduces virus growth through protein isgylation. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), for which neither a vaccine nor an effective therapeutic treatment is currently available, is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children. interferon-stimulated gene 15 (isg15) is a ubiquitin-like protein that is highly increased during viral infections and has been reported to have an antiviral or a proviral activity, depending on the virus. previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated strong isg15 upregulation during ... | 2016 | 26763998 |
| novel insights into human respiratory syncytial virus-host factor interactions through integrated proteomics and transcriptomics analysis. | the lack of vaccine and limited antiviral options against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) highlights the need for novel therapeutic strategies. one alternative is to develop drugs that target host factors required for viral replication. several microarray and proteomics studies had been published to identify possible host factors that are affected during rsv replication. in order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of rsv-host interaction, we integrated available proteome and transcriptome ... | 2016 | 26760927 |
| the respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein, matrix protein, and fusion protein carboxy-terminal domain drive efficient filamentous virus-like particle formation. | virus-like particles (vlps) are attractive as a vaccine concept. for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), vlp assembly is poorly understood and appears inefficient. hence, hrsv antigens are often incorporated into foreign vlp systems to generate anti-rsv vaccine candidates. to better understand the assembly, and ultimately to enable efficient production, of authentic hrsv vlps, we examined the associated requirements and mechanisms. in a previous analysis in hep-2 cells, the nucleoprotein ( ... | 2016 | 27654298 |
| respiratory syncytial virus non-structural protein 1 facilitates virus replication through mir-29a-mediated inhibition of interferon-α receptor. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) non-structural protein 1 (ns1) has recently been suggested to inhibit type-i interferon (ifn)-dependent immune responses during rsv infection. however, the precise function of rsv ns1 protein in reducing the antiviral effects of ifns against rsv is poorly understood. the roles of cellular mirnas in the defence against rsv infection are not well characterized. in this study, qrt-pcr analysis revealed that mir-29a expression was upregulated in the recombinan ... | 2016 | 27569280 |