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synthesis and kinetic evaluation of cyclophostin and cyclipostins phosphonate analogs as selective and potent inhibitors of microbial lipases.a new series of customizable diastereomeric cis- and trans-monocyclic enol-phosphonate analogs to cyclophostin and cyclipostins were synthesized. their potencies and mechanisms of inhibition toward six representative lipolytic enzymes belonging to distinct lipase families were examined. with mammalian gastric and pancreatic lipases no inhibition occurred with any of the compounds tested. conversely, fusarium solani cutinase and lipases from mycobacterium tuberculosis (rv0183 and lipy) were all f ...201223095026
impact of contact lens materials on multipurpose contact lens solution disinfection activity against fusarium solani.to investigate the effects of eight different soft contact lenses on disinfection efficacy of a multipurpose solution (mps) containing polyhexamethylene biguanide (phmb) against fusarium solani.201223085618
successful treatment of a severe case of fusariomycosis in a beluga whale (delphinapterus leucas leucas).an adult male beluga whale (delphinapterus leucas leucas) was presented with a 4-cm-diameter, raised, firm nodule on the medial aspect of the left pectoral fin. a fissure developed within the center of the nodule, which formed an ulcerated cyst-like lesion. the lesion rapidly progressed in size, and, with peeling of material present within the cyst, the lesion flattened to a 36 x 25-cm cutaneous ulcer that extended into the axilla. histopathologic features were consistent with lymphocytic and su ...201223082525
dermatitis and systemic mycosis in lined seahorses hippocampus erectus associated with a marine-adapted fusarium solani species complex pathogen.during a 4 mo epizootic, 100% of 152 lined seahorses hippocampus erectus in 3 separate groups died while in quarantine following shipment to a public aquarium. twelve animals with skin depigmentation and ulceration were received by the aquatic pathology service, college of veterinary medicine, university of georgia, athens, georgia, usa, for diagnostic evaluation. microscopically, lesions in 11 seahorses included multifocal epithelial necrosis and ulceration associated with 2 to 7 µm diameter, b ...201223047188
high-throughput sequencing of black pepper root transcriptome.black pepper (piper nigrum l.) is one of the most popular spices in the world. it is used in cooking and the preservation of food and even has medicinal properties. losses in production from disease are a major limitation in the culture of this crop. the major diseases are root rot and foot rot, which are results of root infection by fusarium solani and phytophtora capsici, respectively. understanding the molecular interaction between the pathogens and the host's root region is important for obt ...201222984782
structural elucidation and bioactivity of a novel exopolysaccharide from endophytic fusarium solani sd5.a bioactive exopolysaccharide [eps (ps-i)], having mw∼1.87×10(5) da was produced by submerged culture of an endophytic fungus fusarium solani sd5. structural elucidation of the eps (ps-i) was carried out by a series of experiments. result indicates the presence of terminal α-l-rhamnopyranosyl, (1→2)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl, (1→4)-β-d-galactopyranosyl, (1→4,6)-β-d-galactopyranosyl moieties in a molar ratio of nearly 1:1:3:1. tem image showed fibril structure of the eps with a diameter of approximatel ...201224751093
[genetic diversity of 21 fusarium strains in section martiella based on issr analysis].in order to understand the genetic difference and phylogenic relationship within and among the fusarium species in section martiella, the genetic diversity of 21 fusarium strains in the section was examined by inter-simple sequence repeats (issr). fifteen selected issr primers were adopted to do amplification, and a total of 239 bands were amplified, among which, 230 (96.2%) were polymorphic, with an average of 15.3 polymorphic bands per primer. the genetic similarity ranged from 0.494 to 0.933, ...201222919846
fusarium solani: a causative agent of skin and nail infections.fusarium spp are non-dermatophytic hyaline moulds found as saprophytes and plant pathogens. human infections are probably a result of various precipitating predisposing factors of impaired immune status. immunocompetent individuals of late are also vulnerable to various unassuming saprophytic and plant pathogens. to stress the need to identify correctly and institute appropriate antifungal therapy in newly emerging human fungal infectious agents. repeated mycological sampling of the skin and nai ...201222837572
comparison of two dna sequence-based typing schemes for the fusarium solani species complex and proposal of a new consensus method.multilocus sequence typing (mlst) is a widely used approach for differentiating microbial isolates presenting many advantages such as easy access through online databases and straightforward interpretation. for the fusarium solani species complex (fssc), three gene regions have been widely used to investigate phylogenetic relationships at the interspecific level (its-nulsu, ef1a, rpb2) and a nomenclature system has been proposed for the different known haplotypes. more recently, a mlst scheme wa ...201222820199
surgical removal of an abscess associated with fusarium solani from a kemp's ridley sea turtle (lepidochelys kempii).a cold-stunned kemp's ridley sea turtle, lepidochelys kempii, developed an abscess associated with fusarium solani, vibrio alginolyticus, and a shewenalla species after receiving a bite wound to the front flipper during rehabilitation. the lesion failed to respond to medical therapy and was treated successfully with surgery. histopathology of the excised tissue demonstrated septic heterophilic inflammation with necrosis and granulation tissue, fungal elements, and bacteria, despite appropriate a ...201222779250
early expression of surfactant proteins d in fusarium solani infected rat cornea.to investigate the early expression of surfactant proteins d(sp-d) in fusarium solani infected rat cornea.201222773976
antifungal efficacy of natamycin in experimental fusarium solani keratitis.to evaluate the efficacy of topical administration natamycin, which is produced by china, in an experimental rabbit model of fusarium solani keratitis, to provide experimental basis for the application of clinical safety.201222762038
intra-articular injection of voriconazole for fusarium solani arthritis after bone marrow transplantation. 201222705652
evaluation of the antifungal activity of zataria multiflora, geranium herbarium, and eucalyptus camaldolensis essential oils on saprolegnia parasitica-infected rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs.the purpose of the present study was to evaluate and assess the capability of zataria multiflora, geranium herbarium, and eucalyptus camaldolensis essential oils in treating saprolegnia parasitica-infected rainbow (oncorhynchus mykiss) trout eggs. a total of 150 infected eggs were collected and plated on glucose-pepton agar at 24°c for 2 weeks. the antifungal assay of essential oils against s. parasitica was determined by a macrodilution broth technique. the eggs were treated with essential oils ...201222690761
compost as a source of microbial isolates for the bioremediation of heavy metals: in vitro selection.heavy metal pollution has become a major environmental concern nowadays and the bioremediation of polluted habitats is an increasingly popular strategy due to both its efficiency and safety. a screening and selection protocol based on different composting processes was designed in order to isolate heavy metal-resistant microorganisms. a collection of 51 microorganisms was obtained and most of them showed the capability to tolerate heavy metals in multi-polluted aqueous systems (cd(ii), cr(vi), n ...201222664539
successful medical management of recalcitrant fusarium solani keratitis: molecular identification and susceptibility patterns.fungal keratitis is a rare but sight-threatening infection of the cornea that may be caused by several fungal pathogens. a delay in diagnosis and inadequate treatment may even lead to loss of the affected eye. fungal keratitis is often misdiagnosed as bacterial keratitis because isolation and identification of the fungal pathogen is difficult and requires experience, and fungal growth in culture requires time. in this report, a 14-year-old boy with recalcitrant fusarium solani keratitis, unrespo ...201222528742
evidence for a novel biological role for the multifunctional β-1,3-glucan binding protein in shrimp.β-1,3-glucan binding proteins (βgbps) are soluble pattern recognition proteins/receptors that bind to β-1,3-glucans from fungi cell walls. in crustaceans, βgbps are abundant plasmatic proteins produced by the hepatopancreas, and have been proved to play multiple biological functions. here, we purified and characterized novel members of the βgbp family from the hemolymph of two brazilian shrimps, farfantepenaeus paulensis (fpβgbp) and litopenaeus schmitti (lsβgbp). as observed for other crustacea ...201222525007
ultraviolet induction of antifungal activity in plants.ultraviolet-c irradiation as a method to induce the production of plant compounds with antifungal properties was investigated in the leaves of 18 plant species. a susceptibility assay to determine the antifungal susceptibility of filamentous fungi was developed based on an agar dilution series in microtiter plates. uv irradiation strongly induced antifungal properties in five species against a clinical fusarium solani strain that was responsible for an onychomycosis case that was resistant to cl ...201222509892
fungi associated with scolytogenes birosimensis (coleoptera: curculionidae) infesting pittosporum tobira.the bark beetle scolytogenes birosimensis niijima is suspected to be involved in the decline of pittosporum tobira (thunb. ex murray) aiton in the coastal areas of japan. we isolated fungi from adult s. birosimensis in nine different localities in japan to assess their potential association and predict their contribution to the success of the beetle. results from morphological identification of associated fungi showed that the beetle was associated with fusarium solani and candida spp. furthermo ...201222506997
structural analysis of a new cytotoxic demethylated analogue of neo-n-methylsansalvamide with a different peptide sequence produced by fusarium solani isolated from potato.a novel cytotoxic cyclic pentadepsipeptide, neosansalvamide, was produced by fusarium solani kccm90040 isolated from fusarium -contaminated potato in korea. the molecular formula of neosansalvamide was analyzed as c₃₂h₅₀n₄o₆ by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and combined structural analysis. the one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and absolute configuration of amino acid spectral data allowed for the resolution of cyclic five subunits linked in the following ord ...201222502643
proteomic analysis of fusarium solani isolated from the asian longhorned beetle, anoplophora glabripennis.wood is a highly intractable food source, yet many insects successfully colonize and thrive in this challenging niche. overcoming the lignin barrier of wood is a key challenge in nutrient acquisition, but full depolymerization of intact lignin polymers has only been conclusively demonstrated in fungi and is not known to occur by enzymes produced by insects or bacteria. previous research validated that lignocellulose and hemicellulose degradation occur within the gut of the wood boring insect, an ...201222496740
production of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes employing fusarium solani f-552.in this work, capability of fusarium solani f-552 of producing lignocellulose-degrading enzymes in submerged fermentation was investigated. the enzyme cocktail includes hydrolases (cellulases, xylanases, and proteinases) as well as ligninolytic enzymes: manganese-dependent peroxidase (mnp), lignin peroxidase (lip), and laccase (lac). to our knowledge, this is the first report on production of mnp, lip, and lac together by one f. solani strain. the enzyme productions were significantly influenced ...201222488104
antimicrobial activities of rhizomes of polygonatum verticillatum: attributed to its total flavonoidal and phenolic contents.the current study was undertaken to evaluate the rhizomes of polygonatum verticillatum against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi. broad spectrum antibacterial activity was demonstrated by the crude extract of the plant and its subsequent solvent fractions; predominantly against gram-negative bacteria. mics of the extracts against escherchia coli, salmonella typhi and shigella flexeneri were in the range of 1.5-40 μg/ml, 03-06 μg/ml and 03-40 μg/ml, respectively. the only sensitive gram-posit ...201222459478
cytological karyotyping and characterization of a 410 kb minichromosome in nectria haematococca mpi.karyotypes of the cucurbit pathogen nectria haematococca mpi (anamorph fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae race 1) was studied using the two standard strains atcc18098 and atcc18099. complete separation of all chromosomes was difficult with pulsed field gel electrophoresis due to both the large size and co-migration of chromosomes. in contrast, cytological karyotyping was done successfully with fluorescence microscopy combined with the germ tube burst method for sample preparation to visualize mit ...201222453120
allergens from fusarium solani identified by immunoblotting in asthma patients in iran.we extracted fusarium solani antigens to evaluate specific anti-f. solani ige in fifty-one patients with asthma (33 men and 18 women) and in 22 non-atopic healthy subjects (15 men and 7 women). f. solani strains were cultured in sabouraud glucose agar and subjected to cell disruption using the freeze-and-thaw method. the obtained cytoplasmic extracts were analysed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). sensitisation to f. solani antigens has been evaluated i ...201222450199
negative correlation between phospholipase and esterase activity produced by fusarium isolates.fusarium species have emerged as one of the more outstanding groups of clinically important filamentous fungi, causing localized and life-threatening invasive infections with high morbidity and mortality. the ability to produce different types of hydrolytic enzymes is thought to be an important virulence mechanism of fungal pathogens and could be associated with the environment of the microorganism. here, we have measured the production of two distinct lipolytic enzymes, phospholipase and estera ...201222415116
use of biocides for the control of fungal outbreaks in subterranean environments: the case of the lascaux cave in france.the lascaux cave in france suffered an outbreak of the fungus fusarium solani in 2001. biocides were applied for three years to control this outbreak. four months after the initial biocide application, a new outbreak appeared in the form of black stains that progressively invaded the cave. the black stains on the ceiling and passage banks were so evident by 2007 that they became one of the cave's major problems. therefore, biocides were used again in 2008. the present study investigated the fung ...201222380699
temperature and moisture effect on spore emission in the fungal biofiltration of hydrophobic vocs.the effect of temperature and moisture on the elimination capacity (ec), co(2) production and spore emission by fusarium solani was studied in biofilters packed with vermiculite and fed with n- pentane. three temperatures (15, 25 and 35°c) were tested and the highest average ec (64 g m(-3) h(-1)) and lower emission of spores (2.0 × 10(3) cfu m(-3) air) were obtained at 25°c. the effect of moisture content of the packing material indicates that the highest ec (65 g m(-3) h(-1)) was obtained at 50 ...201222375544
phylogenetic analysis of fusarium solani associated with the asian longhorned beetle, anoplophora glabripennis.culture-independent analysis of the gut of a wood-boring insect, anoplophora glabripennis (coleoptera: cerambycidae), revealed a consistent association between members of the fungal fusarium solani species complex and the larval stage of both colony-derived and wild a. glabripennis populations. using the translation elongation factor 1-alpha region for culture-independent phylogenetic and operational taxonomic unit (otu)-based analyses, only two otus were detected, suggesting that genetic varian ...201226467954
splenectomy as an effective debulking therapy for disseminated mould infection in acute myeloid leukaemia following adjuvant therapy with interferon gamma and liposomal amphotericin.invasive fungal infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia (aml). herein, we report a case of a 21 year old woman with an extremely resistant fusarium species that responded to the addition of interferon gamma to her medical therapy, subsequently allowing definitive debulking surgery of her invasive fusarium infection to be undertaken.201224371746
docking and molecular dynamics studies of peptide inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase: a rate-limiting enzyme for the metabolism of fusarium solani.fusarium solani causes a wide variety of diseases in plants. polyamine biosynthesis is responsible for the growth and pathogenicity of the fungus. the initial step of this pathway involves the decarboxylation of ornithine to putrescine, and is catalyzed by the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (odc). inhibiting this process may be a promising approach for the management of fungal disease in various crops. therefore, there is a need to develop inhibitors of odc that have higher binding capacity than ...201322970930
fenton oxidation and combined fenton-microbial treatment for remediation of crude oil contaminated soil in assam - india.the study is aimed at the remediation of soil spiked with crude oil (5%) by employing fenton oxidation, biological treatment and combined fenton-biological treatment. a spiked concentration of 5% crude oil was selected on the basis of contamination levels of 0-5% as found in the soil of upper assam oil fields (india). the degradation of the aliphatic fraction (c14-c28) of the crude oil was investigated by gas chromatography. fenton oxidation was carried out at different ph (3 to 8) in a laborato ...201324056615
disseminated amphotericin-resistant fusariosis in acute leukemia patients: report of two cases.disseminated fusariosis has emerged as a significant, usually fatal infection in immunocompromised hosts despite antifungal treatment. we describe here two patients with acute leukemia who developed disseminated amphotericin-resistant fusariosis, and review of six studies of cases series in the literature. two fusarium solani strains were isolated from blood and skin cultures of one patient, and one strain from the blood culture of the second patient. both patients died despite antifungal treatm ...201323076561
evaluation of in vitro antioxidant potency of exopolysaccharide from endophytic fusarium solani sd5.a potent endophytic fungus, fusarium solani sd5 was used for exopolysaccharide (eps) production. the isolated eps were purified and major eps fraction (ps-i); rhamno galactan was used to evaluate anti oxidant activities in vitro. eps (ps-i) showed significant free radical scavenging effect on dpph (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and scavenging potency is indicated by ic(50) value 578.541 ± 33.256 μg/ml. eps (ps-i) significantly induced antioxidant parameters of peritoneal macrophage cells at a c ...201323148947
kinetic properties of a novel fusarium solani (phospho)lipase: a monolayer study.using the monomolecular film technique, we studied interfacial properties of fusarium solani lipase (fsl). this lipolytic enzyme was found to be unique among the fungal lipases possessing not only a lipase activity but also a high phospholipase one.the fsl was able to hydrolyze dicaprin films at various surface pressures. the surface pressure dependency, the stereospecificity, and the regioselectivity of fsl were performed using optically pure stereoisomers of diglyceride (1,2-sn- dicaprin and 2 ...201323124905
successful treatment of fusarium keratitis after photo refractive keratectomy.a 39-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a history of photorefractive keratectomy (prk), performed two weeks prior; slit-lamp examination revealed diffuse conjunctival congestion, corneal ulcer and stromal infiltration. after 5 days of antifungal and antibacteric treatment, the infiltrate progressively increased so that a therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty was necessary. the microbiological analyses revealed the presence of fungal filaments. twenty days after surgery the patient had ...201324178402
inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis-inducing activity of fungal taxol and its precursor baccatin iii purified from endophytic fusarium solani.taxol (generic name paclitaxel), a plant-derived antineoplastic agent, used widely against breast, ovarian and lung cancer, was originally isolated from the bark of the pacific yew, taxus brevifolia. the limited supply of the drug has prompted efforts to find alternative sources, such as chemical synthesis, tissue and cell cultures of the taxus species both of which are expensive and yield low levels. fermentation processes with microorganisms would be the methods of choice to lower the costs an ...201324152585
fusarium infection: report of 26 cases and review of 97 cases from the literature.fusarium species is a ubiquitous fungus that causes opportunistic infections. we present 26 cases of invasive fusariosis categorized according to the european organization for research and treatment of cancer/mycoses study group (eortc/msg) criteria of fungal infections. all cases (20 proven and 6 probable) were treated from january 2000 until january 2010. we also review 97 cases reported since 2000. the most important risk factors for invasive fusariosis in our patients were compromised immune ...201324145697
production and characterization of alpha-amylase from mango kernel by fusarium solani naimcc-f-02956 using submerged fermentation.microbial production of enzymes using low valued agro industrial wastes is gaining importance globally. mango is one of the major fruit processed into a variety of products. during processing 40-50% of solid waste is generated in form of peel and stones. after decortications of mango stone, kernel is obtained which is a rich source of starch (upto 60%). it was utilized as a substrate for alpha-amylase production using fusarium soloni. maximum alpha-amylase production (0.889 u g(-1)) was recorded ...201324555336
adaptive expression of host cell wall degrading enzymes in fungal disease: an example from fusarium root rot of medicinal coleus.quantity of extracellular proteins and activities two cell wall degrading enzymes pectinase and cellulase were determined in the culture filtrate of fusarium solani, the causal organism of root rot of coleus forskohlii. substitution of carbon source in the medium with either pectin or carboxymethyl cellulose led to the increased production of extracellular proteins by the fungus. pectinase and cellulase activity in the culture filtrate was detected only when the growth medium contained substitut ...201324517025
successful use of locally applied polyhexamethylene biguanide as an adjunct to the treatment of fungal osteomyelitis.fungal osteomyelitis is rare in immunocompetent patients and is often difficult to cure, even with optimal medical and surgical management. the authors present two cases of fungal osteomyelitis in which the common swimming pool cleaner, polyhexamethylene biguanide, was used successfully as an adjunct to standard surgical and medical treatment. also presented is a literature review on the use of polyhexamethylene biguanide for this indication. the authors recommend that this safe and well-tolerat ...201324421812
a novel rat contact lens model for fusarium keratitis.the aim of this study was to develop and characterize a new contact lens-associated fungal keratitis rat model and to assess the ability of non-invasive spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (sd-oct) to detect pathological changes in vivo in fungal keratitis.201324379647
the efficacy of voriconazole in 24 ocular fusarium infections.we examined, retrospectively, the efficacy of voriconazole in fusarium eye infections.201322718362
refractory disseminated fusariosis by fusarium verticillioides in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report and literature review.fusarium species are among the leading fungal pathogens to cause invasive mould infections in patients with hematopoietic malignancy. the fusarium species most frequently involved in human infections are fusarium solani, fusarium oxysporum and fusarium verticillioides. however, identification is a cumbersome and time-consuming task. fusarium is resistant in vitro to many of the antifungal agents and the management of fusariosis is not well defined.201322659590
fusarium falciforme infection of foot in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case report and review of the literature.fungal infections of foot in patients with diabetes are not uncommon; however, foot infection due to fusarium species has been rarely reported. we report here a case of a 50-year-old male with type 2 diabetes who developed multiple spontaneous nodular lesions on right foot without any systemic symptoms and signs for 6 months. the lesions were unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibacterial treatment. fine needle aspiration cytology of nodular lesions revealed the presence of fungal hyphae, and fusa ...201323813152
root rot of balloon flower (platycodon grandiflorum) caused by fusarium solani and fusarium oxysporum.balloon flower (platycodon grandiflorum) is a kind of mountain herbs whose roots have restorative properties and the cultivating acreage of balloon flower has been steadily increasing in korea. more frequent rain and high amount of rainfalls as a result of climate changes predisposed balloon flower to the outbreaks of root rot at high-density cultivation area in recent years. root crowns were usually discolored into brown to blackish brown at first and the infected plants showed slight wilting s ...201325288973
morphological and molecular characterization of fusarium. solani and f. oxysporum associated with crown disease of oil palm.crown disease (cd) is infecting oil palm in the early stages of the crop development. previous studies showed that fusarium species were commonly associated with cd. however, the identity of the species has not been resolved. this study was carried out to identify and characterize through morphological approaches and to determine the genetic diversity of the fusarium species. 51 isolates (39%) of fusarium solani and 40 isolates (31%) of fusarium oxysporum were recovered from oil palm with typica ...201324516465
fusarium subglutinans: a new eumycetoma agent.eumycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis mainly caused by madurella spp. fusarium opportunistic infections in humans are often caused by fusarium solani and fusarium oxysporum. we report a case of eumycetoma by f. subglutinans, diagnosed by clinical aspect and culture, and confirmed by pcr sequencing. the patient was successfully treated with oral itraconazole. to our knowledge, this is the second report of human infection and the first case of mycetoma by fusarium subglutinans.201324432236
integrated management strategies for tomato fusarium wilt.fusarium wilt is caused by the fungal pathogens, fusarium oxysporum or fusarium solani. it is a devastating disease that affects many important food and vegetable crops and a major source of loss to farmers worldwide. initial strategies developed to combat this devastating plant disease include the use of cultural, physical and chemical control. none of these strategies have been able to give the best results of completely ameliorating the situation except for the cultural method which is mainly ...201324077535
increased incidence of invasive fusariosis with cutaneous portal of entry, brazil.invasive fusariosis (if) is an infection with fusarium spp. fungi that primarily affects patients with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. a cutaneous portal of entry is occasionally reported. we reviewed all cases of if in brazil during 2000-2010, divided into 2 periods: 2000-2005 (period 1) and 2006-2010 (period 2). we calculated incidence rates of if and of superficial infections with fusarium spp. fungi identified in patients at a dermatology outpatient uni ...201324050318
fusarium keratitis in brazil: genotyping, in vitro susceptibilities, and clinical outcomes.the purpose of this paper is to describe clinical characteristics and determine correlations between clinical outcomes and antifungal susceptibility among molecularly characterized ocular fusarium isolates in brazil.201324039389
[fusariosis diagnosed in the laboratory of an uh in tunisia: epidemiological, clinical and mycological study].the genus fusarium, initially known for its important agro-economic impact, is more and more often implicated in human pathology. in fact, multiples allergic, toxic and infectious manifestations are more reported in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. the objective of our study was to analyse the epidemiological, mycological and clinical features of fusariosis reported in our chu. eighty-seven cases of fusarium infections were collected: 34 cases of onychomycosis (39%), 26 cases of inte ...201323725904
murine model of disseminated fusariosis: evaluation of the fungal burden by traditional cfu and quantitative pcr.systemic disease is the most severe clinical form of fusariosis, and the treatment involves a challenge due to the refractory response to antifungals. treatment for murine fusarium solani infection has been described in models that employ cfu quantitation in organs as a parameter of therapeutic efficacy. however, cfu counts do not precisely reproduce the amount of cells for filamentous fungi such as f. solani. in this study, we developed a murine model of disseminated fusariosis and compared the ...201323943405
colonization of a central venous catheter by the hyaline fungus fusarium solani species complex: a case report and sem imaging.the incidence of opportunistic infections by filamentous fungi is increasing partly due to the widespread use of central venous catheters (cvc), indwelling medical devices, and antineoplastic/immunosuppressive drugs. the case of a 13-year-old boy under treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia is presented. the boy was readmitted to the pediatric ward for intermittent fever of unknown origin. results of blood cultures drawn from peripheral venous sites or through the cvc were compared. cvc-deri ...201323935636
fusariosis, a complex infection caused by a high diversity of fungal species refractory to treatment.in recent years the number of opportunistic invasive fusariosis has increased significantly, the main factors involved in these infections being reviewed here. in spite of the extensive literature published the advances in the management of disseminated fusariosis have been very poor and it remains a severe infection, refractory to treatment and with a high mortality rate. there are no ideal therapies and the presence of neutropenia has a critical part to play in the outcome of the infection. at ...201323934595
fusarium euwallaceae sp. nov.--a symbiotic fungus of euwallacea sp., an invasive ambrosia beetle in israel and california.the invasive asian ambrosia beetle euwallacea sp. (coleoptera, scolytinae, xyleborini) and a novel fusarium sp. that it farms in its galleries as a source of nutrition causes serious damage to more than 20 species of live trees and pose a serious threat to avocado production (persea americana) in israel and california. adult female beetles are equipped with mandibular mycangia in which its fungal symbiont is transported within and from the natal galleries. damage caused to the xylem is associate ...201323928415
optimization of a bioactive exopolysaccharide production from endophytic fusarium solani sd5.endophytic fungi were less investigated for exopolysaccharide production. in this study endophytic fusarium solani sd5 was used for optimization of exopolysaccharide production. one variable at a time method and response surface methodology were employed to explore the optimum medium compositions and fermentation conditions. the organism produced maximum exopolysaccharide after 13.68 days of incubation at 28 °c in potato dextrose broth supplemented with (g%/l) glucose, 9.8; yeast extract, 0.69; ...201323911494
glass bead cultivation of fungi: combining the best of liquid and agar media.production of bioactive compounds and enzymes from filamentous fungi is highly dependent on cultivation conditions. here we present an easy way to cultivate filamentous fungi on glass beads that allow complete control of nutrient supply. secondary metabolite production in fusarium graminearum and fusarium solani cultivated on agar plates, in shaking liquid culture or on glass beads was compared. agar plate culture and glass bead cultivation yielded comparable results while liquid culture had low ...201323871859
the water supply system as a potential source of fungal infection in paediatric haematopoietic stem cell units.we conducted a prospective study to investigate the presence of microfungal contamination in the water supply system of the oncology paediatric institute, são paulo-brazil after the occurrence of one invasive fusarium solani infection in a patient after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). during a twelve-month period, we investigated the water supply system of the hsct unit by monitoring a total of fourteen different collection sites.201323802862
major emerging problems with minor meloidogyne species.root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.) represent one of the most polyphagous genera of plant-parasitic nematodes. to date, close to 100 valid species are recognized. in contrast to the size of the genus, the majority of past research focused on a small number of species, i.e., the so-called 'major' species m. arenaria, m. hapla, m. incognita, and m. javanica. this review highlights recent work aimed at 'minor' root-knot nematodes: m. chitwoodi, m. fallax, m. minor, m. enterolobii (=m. mayaguensi ...201323777404
fatal disseminated fusarium infection in a human immunodeficiency virus positive patient.systemic mycotic infections have been increasing in incidence in immunocompromised patients. although yeasts are most often isolated, opportunistic fungal infections may also be caused by filamentous fungi, including aspergillus and fusarium. like aspergillus, fusarium is angioinvasive with an ability to disseminate widely. disseminated fusariosis is most commonly linked to prolonged neutropenia. disseminated infections due to fusarium are rare in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive pati ...201323762675
fusarium solani causing quasi-invasive infection of the foot in an immunocompetent middle-aged man from south india.fusarium solani is commonly found in soil, and it is associated with infections in immunocompromised individuals. fusaroium solani causing infection in immunocompetent adult male is rare and usually overlooked. we report a case of mycetoma caused by fusariom solani in an immunocompetent adult male from south india.201323723493
identification of fusarium from a patient with fungemia after multiple organ injury.fusarium is a filamentous fungus widely distributed in nature, which is an important opportunistic pathogen and could cause fusariosis both in plants and animals. in human, fusarium could cause local and disseminated infections both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. we describe here a case of a male patient suffered from multiple organ injury, whose blood fungal culture was positive. the isolate was confirmed as "fusarium solani" according to the morphology of the fungus and the ...201323703243
mycoparasitism studies of trichoderma species against three phytopathogenic fungi: evaluation of antagonism and hydrolytic enzyme production.trichoderma spp. are used for biocontrol of several plant pathogens. however, their efficient interaction with the host needs to be accompanied by production of secondary metabolites and cell wall-degrading enzymes. three parameters were evaluated after interaction between four trichoderma species and plant-pathogenic fungi: fusarium solani, rhizoctonia solani and sclerotinia sclerotiorum. trichoderma harzianum and t. asperellum were the most effective antagonists against the pathogens. most of ...201323690037
expression profiling of bioactive genes from a medicinal plant nigella sativa l.plants respond to stress in part by modulating gene expression either constitutively or in an inducible manner which ultimately leads to the restoration of cellular homeostasis, detoxification of toxins, and recovery of growth. upon introduction to various elicitors such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, a massive reprogramming of plant gene expression is initiated. differential display pcr offers rapid and multiple comparisons of gene expression to various stress durations and intensit ...201323686472
protective role of murine β-defensins 3 and 4 and cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide in fusarium solani keratitis.antimicrobial peptides (amps), such as β-defensins and cathelicidins, are essential components of innate and adaptive immunity owing to their extensive multifunctional activities. however, their role in fungal infection in vivo remains elusive. in this study, we investigated the protective effect of murine β-defensin 3 (mbd3), mbd4, and the cathelicidin cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide (cramp) in a murine model of fusarium solani keratitis. c57bl/6 mice showed significant corneal disease 1 ...201323670560
enantioselective inhibition of microbial lipolytic enzymes by nonracemic monocyclic enolphosphonate analogues of cyclophostin.four nonracemic enolphosphonate analogues of cyclophostin were obtained by asymmetric synthesis, and their absolute configurations at both phosphorus and c-5 carbon chiral centers were unambiguously assigned. the influence of chirality was studied by testing the inhibitory effects of these four stereoisomers toward the lipolytic activity of three microbial lipases: fusarium solani cutinase, rv0183, and lipy from mycobacterium tuberculosis . cutinase was highly diastereoselective for the (sp) con ...201323651298
an inordinate fondness for fusarium: phylogenetic diversity of fusaria cultivated by ambrosia beetles in the genus euwallacea on avocado and other plant hosts.ambrosia beetle fungiculture represents one of the most ecologically and evolutionarily successful symbioses, as evidenced by the 11 independent origins and 3500 species of ambrosia beetles. here we document the evolution of a clade within fusarium associated with ambrosia beetles in the genus euwallacea (coleoptera: scolytinae). ambrosia fusarium clade (afc) symbionts are unusual in that some are plant pathogens that cause significant damage in naïve natural and cultivated ecosystems, and curre ...201323608321
resistance and growth of fusarium species in contact lens disinfectant solutions.to compare the biocidal efficacy of contact lens care solutions against clinical isolates and the american type culture collection (atcc) 36031 reference strain of fusarium species and to determine the ability of the organism to survive and grow in such systems.201323604297
combination therapy of voriconazole and terbinafine for disseminated fusariosis: case report and literature review.fusarium spp. cause a broad spectrum of infection and are relatively resistant to most antifungal agents, leading to unfavorable prognosis, especially in immunocompromised patients. several reports have shown synergism among amphotericin b, voriconazole (vrc), terbinafine (trb), and other antifungal agents in vitro, but the most efficacious combination remains to be elucidated. we report the first case of disseminated fusarium solani infection successfully treated by combination therapy of vrc a ...201323564310
inoculation of pah-degrading strains of fusarium solani and arthrobacter oxydans in rhizospheric sand and soil microcosms: microbial interactions and pah dissipation.very little is known about the influence of bacterial-fungal ecological interactions on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) dissipation in soils. fusarium solani mm1 and arthrobacter oxydans mshm11 can dissipate pahs in vitro. we investigated their interactions and their effect on the dissipation of three pahs-phenanthrene (phe), pyrene (pyr) and dibenz(a,h)anthracene (dba)-in planted microcosms, in sterile sand or non-sterile soil. in sterile sand microcosms planted with alfalfa, the two micr ...201323543362
a novel murine model of fusarium solani keratitis utilizing fluorescent labeled fungi.fungal keratitis is a common disease that causes blindness. an effective animal model for fungal keratitis is essential for advancing research on this disease. our objective is to develop a novel mouse model of fusarium solani keratitis through the inoculation of fluorescent-labeled fungi into the cornea to facilitate the accurate and early identification and screening of fungal infections. f. solani was used as the model fungus in this study. in in vitro experiment, the effects of calcofluor wh ...201323523530
[a man with neutropenic fever].a 43-year-old patient with recurrent acute myeloid leukemia (aml) was treated with high-dose cytarabine. after two weeks of neutropenic fever, multiple cutaneous nodules appeared. histopathological examination of a skin biopsy showed a mycosis and fusarium solani was cultured. despite antimycotic therapy, the patient died due to complications of his aml treatment.201323515043
experimental increase in availability of a pah complex organic contamination from an aged contaminated soil: consequences on biodegradation.although high pah content and detection of pah-degraders, the pah biodegradation is limited in aged-contaminated soils due to low pah availability (i.e., 1%). here, we tried to experimentally increase the soil pah availability by keeping both soil properties and contamination composition. organic extract was first removed and then re-incorporated in the raw soil as fresh contaminants. though drastic, this procedure only allowed a 6-time increase in the pah availability suggesting that the organi ...201323500046
synthesis and antifungal activity of c-21 steroids with an aromatic d ring.six analogues of salpichrolides with a simplified side chain (6-11) were synthesized using a new methodology to obtain steroids with an aromatic d-ring. the key step was the elimination of hbr in a vicinal dibromo d-homosteroid by treatment with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (dabco). all new compounds were completely characterized by 2d nmr techniques and tested on two fungal pathogenic species, fusarium virguliforme and fusarium solani.201323499954
identification of differentially expressed genes from trichoderma harzianum during growth on cell wall of fusarium solani as a tool for biotechnological application.the species of t. harzianum are well known for their biocontrol activity against many plant pathogens. however, there is a lack of studies concerning its use as a biological control agent against f. solani, a pathogen involved in several crop diseases. in this study, we have used subtractive library hybridization (ssh) and quantitative real-time pcr (rt-qpcr) techniques in order to explore changes in t. harzianum genes expression during growth on cell wall of f. solani (fscw) or glucose. rt-qpcr ...201323497274
development of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp)-derived specific primer for the detection of fusarium solani aetiological agent of peanut brown root rot.the objective of this work was to design an amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp)-derived specific primer for the detection of fusarium solani aetiological agent of peanut brown root rot (pbrr) in plant material and soil.201323472596
fusarium keratitis in south india: causative agents, their antifungal susceptibilities and a rapid identification method for the fusarium solani species complex.seventy fusarium isolates derived from human keratomycosis were identified based on partial sequences of the β-tubulin (β-tub) and translation elongation factor 1α (ef-1α) genes. most of the isolates were confirmed as members of the f. solani species complex (75.71%), followed by the f. dimerum species complex (8.57%), the f. fujikuroi species complex (8.57%), the f. oxysporum species complex (4.29%) and the f. incarnatum-equiseti species complex (2.86%). a combined phylogenetic tree was estimat ...201323437826
fungal ovicidal activity on toxocara canis eggs.visceral toxocariasis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by toxocara canis. the prevalence of this parasite in dogs, soil contamination and the resistance of eggs increase human exposure to the disease. moreover, the difficulties of the control measures justify the need for alternative ones.201323402830
measuring root disease suppression in response to a compost water extract.commercial application of compost to prevent plant disease is hindered by variable performance. here, we describe the use of a growth pouch assay to measure impact of a compost water extract (cwe) on root infection under controlled conditions. most pea roots (≥95%) inoculated with fusarium solani or phoma pinodella spores rapidly develop a single local lesion in the region of elongation. in the presence of cwe, infection of pea roots grown in pouches was reduced by 93 to 100%. cwe used as a dren ...201323402629
phylogenetic relationships among members of the fusarium solani species complex in human infections and the descriptions of f. keratoplasticum sp. nov. and f. petroliphilum stat. nov.fusarium species are frequently associated with mycotic keratitis and, to a lesser extent, cases of localized and disseminated infections. the fusarium solani species complex (fssc) is the most common group of fusaria associated with human infectious diseases. several studies to date have revealed dozens of strongly supported phylogenetic species within this important evolutionary clade, though little work has been done to improve the taxonomy and understanding of the reproductive mode and pheno ...201323396261
fusarium keratitis: genotyping, in vitro susceptibility and clinical outcomes.to determine differences in the clinical characteristics and antifungal susceptibility patterns among molecularly characterized ocular fusarium sp isolates.201323343947
protein stabilization with a dipeptide-mimic triazine-scaffolded synthetic affinity ligand.protein stabilization was achieved by a novel approach based on the adsorption and establishment of affinity-like interactions with a biomimetic triazine-scaffolded ligand. a synthetic lead compound (ligand 3'/11, k(a) ≈ 10(4) m(-1)) was selected from a previously screened solid-phase library of affinity ligands for studies of adsorption and stabilization of cutinase from fusarium solani pisi used as a model system. this ligand, directly synthesized in agarose by a well-established solid-phase s ...201323334918
antifungal activity of gallic acid purified from terminalia nigrovenulosa bark against fusarium solani.the antifungal activities of methanolic extracts from terminalia nigrovenulosa bark (tnb) was investigated for effects on the initial growth of mycelia against fusarium solani. the ethyl acetate fraction separated from tnb demonstrated the highest antifungal activity against f. solani. the antifungal compound was isolated from tnb using silica gel column and sephadex lh-20 chromatography combined with thin-layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. structural identification ...201323333407
the use of response surface methodology as a statistical tool for media optimization in lipase production from the dairy effluent isolate fusarium solani.the optimization of extracellular lipase production by fusarium isolani strain skwf7 isolated from dairy wastewater was carried out in this study. initially, the physicochemical factors significantly influencing enzyme production were studied by varying one-factor-at-a-time (ofat). a mesophilic temperature of 40°c, alkaline ph of 8, and incubation period of 72 hours were found to be the optimal conditions for lipase production. among the media components, the disaccharide sucrose acted as the be ...201325969775
fungal mitochondrial dnases: effectors with the potential to activate plant defenses in nonhost resistance.previous reports on the model nonhost resistance interaction between fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli and pea endocarp tissue have described the disease resistance-signaling role of a fungal dnase1-like protein. the response resulted in no further growth beyond spore germination. this f. solani f. sp. phaseoli dnase gene, constructed with a pathogenesis-related (pr) gene promoter, when transferred to tobacco, generated resistance against pseudomonas syringe pv. tabaci. the current analytical/theo ...201323228145
synthesis and antifungal activity of 2-chloromethyl-1h-benzimidazole derivatives against phytopathogenic fungi in vitro.a series of 35 benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized from 2-chloromethyl-1h-benzimidazole in good yields. their structures were characterized by (1)h and (13)c nmr and hresims. antifungal activities of all of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against five phytopathogens fungi (cytospora sp., colletotrichum gloeosporioides, botrytis cinerea, alternaria solani, and fusarium solani) using the mycelium growth rate method. compound 4m displayed strong growth inhibition of c. gloeosporioid ...201323419161
fungal communities associated with the biodegradation of polyester polyurethane buried under compost at different temperatures.plastics play an essential role in the modern world due to their low cost and durability. however, accumulation of plastic waste in the environment causes wide-scale pollution with long-lasting effects, making plastic waste management expensive and problematic. polyurethanes (pus) are heteropolymers that made up ca. 7% of the total plastic production in europe in 2011. polyester pus in particular have been extensively reported as susceptible to microbial biodegradation in the environment, partic ...201324056469
assessment of fungal viability after long-wave ultraviolet light irradiation combined with riboflavin administration.corneal collagen cross-linking (cxl), a technique that combines riboflavin administration with long-wave ultraviolet light irradiation, was primarily developed to increase the biomechanical strength of collagen fibrils of the cornea to avoid the progression of keratoconus. recently, this method has been proposed to treat selected cases of infectious keratitis.201323180236
fungal endocarditis.fungal endocarditis remains a rare disease occurring mostly in patients with predisposing host conditions. regarding its poor prognosis because of severe complications, there is an urgent need for properly established treatment guidelines and prophylaxis for patients at risk. in this review we provide up-to-date information on treatment recommendations, and discuss recent case reports on fungal endocarditis and challenges in prophylaxis and treatment.201324126720
lipases efficiently stearate and cutinases acetylate the surface of arabinoxylan films.this is the first report on successful enzyme catalyzed surface esterification of hemicellulose films. enzyme catalyzed surface acetylation with vinyl acetate and stearation with vinyl stearate were studied on rye arabinoxylan (ax) films. different surface analytical techniques (ft-ir, tof-sims, esca, ca) show that lipases from mucor javanicus, rhizopus oryzae and candida rugosa successfully surface stearate ax films and that a cutinase from fusarium solani pisi surface acetylates these films. t ...201323774036
molecular analyses of fusarium isolates recovered from a cluster of invasive mold infections in a brazilian hospital.invasive fusariosis (if) is a rare but often fatal fungal infection in immunosuppressed patients. in 2007, cases of if above the expected epidemiologic baseline were detected in the hematology ward of a hospital in rio de janeiro, brazil. possible sources of infection were investigated by performing environmental sampling and patient isolate collection, followed by molecular typing. isolates from dermatology patients with superficial fusariosis were included in the study for comparison to molecu ...201323363475
equine keratomycosis in japan.to describe the incidence, clinical progress, visual outcome, and laboratory findings of equine keratomycosis in japan.201322372681
l-tyrosinatonickel(ii) complex: synthesis and structural, spectroscopic, magnetic, and biological properties of 2{[ni(l-tyr)2(bpy)]}·3h2o·ch3oh.the complex 2{[ni(l-tyr)2(bpy)]}·3h2o·ch3oh [1, where l-tyr = l-tyrosine; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine (2,2'-bpy)] was obtained in crystalline form and characterized by x-ray and spectroscopic (ft-ir, nir-vis-uv, and hfepr) and magnetic methods. the complex crystallized in the hexagonal system with a = b = 12.8116(18) å, c = 30.035(6) å, and space group p3221. the six-coordination sphere around the ni(2+) ion is formed by two n and two o l-tyrosinato atoms and completed by two n atoms of the 2,2'-bpy m ...201323534408
characterization of fungal keratitis in alpacas: 11 cases (2003-2012).to describe clinical, microbiological, in vivo confocal microscopic, and histopathologic features of fungal keratitis in alpacas and to estimate prevalence of the disease in a population of alpacas from the northeastern united states.201324261813
improvement of biocontrol of damping-off and root rot/wilt of faba bean by salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide.rhizoctonia solani, fusarium solani, f. oxysporum, and macrophomina phaseolina were found to be associated with root rott and wilt symptoms of faba bean plants collected from different fieldes in new valley governorate, egypt. all the obtained isolates were able to attack faba bean plants (cv. giza 40) causing damping-off and root rot/wilt diseases. r. solani isolates 2 and 5, f. solani isolate 8, f. oxysporum isolate 12 and m. phaseolina isolate 14 were the more virulent ones in the pathogenici ...201323610539
in vitro antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles against ocular pathogenic filamentous fungi.fungal keratitis is emerging as a major cause of vision loss in a developing country such as china because of higher incidence and the unavailability of effective antifungals. it is urgent to explore broad-spectrum antifungals to effectively suppress ocular fungal pathogens, and to develop new antifungal eye drops to combat this vision-threatening infection. the aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles (nano-ag) in comparison with that of natamycin agai ...201323410063
broad spectrum antimicrobial activity of melimine covalently bound to contact lenses.to develop a stable antimicrobial contact lens, which is effective against the international organization for standardization (iso) panel microorganisms, acanthamoeba castellanii and drug resistant strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus.201323211820
synthesis and structure-activity relationship of n-(cinnamyl) chitosan analogs as antimicrobial agents.the current study focuses on the preparation of new n-(cinnamyl) chitosan derivatives as antimicrobial agents against nine types of crop-threatening pathogens. chitosan was reacted with a set of aromatic cinnamaldehyde analogs by reductive amination involving formation of the corresponding imines, followed by reduction with sodium borohydride to produce n-(cinnamyl) chitosan derivatives. the structural characterization was confirmed by (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy and the degrees of substitut ...201323511055
[microecological mechanisms of red-leaf disease occurrence in salvia miltiorrhiza bge].a comparative study was made on the nutrient content in rhizosphere soil and the microflora in rhizosphere soil and on rhizoplane of healthy and red-leaf diseased salvia miltiorrhiza plants, aimed to approach the microecological mechanisms of red-leaf disease occurrence in s. miltiorrhiza. the n, p, k, and mn contents in the diseased plant leaves were significantly lower than those in the healthy plant leaves (p < 0.05). no significant difference was observed in the available p content in the rh ...201324175532
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