Publications

the signaling mucins msb2 and hkr1 differentially regulate the filamentation mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and contribute to a multimodal response.	a central question in the area of signal transduction is why pathways utilize common components. in the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the hog and filamentous growth (fg) mapk pathways require overlapping components but are thought to be induced by different stimuli and specify distinct outputs. to better understand the regulation of the fg pathway, we examined fg in one of yeast's native environments, the grape-producing plant vitis vinifera. in this setting, different aspects of fg we ...	2009	19439450
bioactivity of grape chemicals for human health.	grapevine (vitis vinifera) products, grape and grape juice, represent a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals, synthesized by three secondary metabolic pathways (phenylpropanoid, isoprenoid and alkaloid biosynthetic routes) and stored in different plant tissues. in the last decades, compelling evidence suggested that regular consumption of these products may contribute to reducing the incidence of chronic illnesses, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, ischemic stroke, neurodegenerativ ...	2009	19445314
induction of defence mechanisms in grapevine leaves by emodin- and anthraquinone-rich plant extracts and their conferred resistance to downy mildew.	the ability of two plant extracts, rheum palmatum root extract (rpre) and frangula alnus bark extract (fabe), to protect vitis vinifera leaves from plasmopara viticola infection was evaluated. these natural products are toxic to the pathogen and induce defence reactions in a susceptible cultivar of v. vinifera (v. vinifera cv. chasselas), including stilbenic phytoalexin accumulation, enhanced peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7) activity, and a hypersensitive reaction. inhibition of the first stage of biotr ...	2009	19447634
ochratoxigenic aspergillus species on grapes from chilean vineyards and aspergillus threshold levels on grapes.	this study reports the incidence of ochratoxigenic strains of aspergillus on chilean grapes (vitis vinifera) and wineries, and production of ota levels in wines with grapes having different levels of contamination with ota-producing aspergillus carbonarius was studied. a. carbonarius, a. niger, a. niveus, a. paradoxus, a. versicolor, a. wentii, and a. westerdijkiae were identified on apparently healthy clusters of red and white grape cultivars. however, a. carbonarius and a. niger were the most ...	2009	19464066
the effects of pierce's disease on leaf and petiole hydraulic conductance in vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay.	in this study, we test the hypothesis that the symptoms of pierce's disease (pd) result from the occlusion of xylem conduits by the bacteria xylella fastidiosa (xf ). four treatments were imposed on greenhouse-grown vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay: well-watered and deficit-irrigated plants with and without petiole inoculation with xf. the hydraulic conductance of the stem-petiole junction (k(jun)) and leaves (k(leaf)) were measured, and xf concentrations were established by quantitative polymerase ...	2009	19470095
inhibition of local effects of indian daboia/vipera russelli venom by the methanolic extract of grape (vitis vinifera l.) seeds.	although anti-venom therapy is available for the treatment of fatal bite by snakes, it offers less or no protection against the local effects such as dermo- and myonecrosis, edema, hemorrhage and inflammation at the bitten region. the viper species are known for their violent local effects and such effects have been commonly treated with plant extracts without any scientific validation in rural india. in this investigation, the methanolic extract of grapes (vitis vinifera l.) seed was studied ag ...	2009	19517992
a novel cation-dependent o-methyltransferase involved in anthocyanin methylation in grapevine.	anthocyanins are major pigments in colored grape (vitis vinifera) berries, and most of them are monomethoxylated or dimethoxylated. we report here the functional characterization of an anthocyanin o-methyltransferase (aomt) from grapevine. the expression pattern in two cultivars with different anthocyanin methylation profiles (syrah and nebbiolo) showed a peak at start ripening (véraison), when the concentrations of all methylated anthocyanins begin to increase. the purified recombinant aomt pro ...	2009	19525322
resveratrol exhibits a strong cytotoxic activity in cultured cells and has an antiviral action against polyomavirus: potential clinical use.	resveratrol is a non flavonoid polyphenol compound present in many plants and fruits and, at especially high concentrations, in the grape berries of vitis vinifera. this compound has a strong bioactivity and its cytoprotective action has been demonstrated, however at high concentrations the drug exhibits also an effective anti-proliferative action. we recently showed its ability to abolish the effects of oxidative stress in cultured cells. in this work we assayed the bioactivity of resveratrol a ...	2009	19570215
genetic diversity of grapevine accessions from iran, russia and usa using microsatellite markers.	to discover marker information content and differentiation among grapevine accessions from iran, usa and russia, nine microsatellite markers were used. a total of 75 alleles were detected, giving a mean of 8.3 alleles per 9 loci. the total number of alleles per locus varied between 6 to 11 and the polymorphism information content ranged from 0.65 to 0.88, indicating that these loci were highly informative. a positive correlation (r = 0.870) was observed between the number of alleles and the leve ...	2009	19579936
identification and localization of the bilitranslocase homologue in white grape berries (vitis vinifera l.) during ripening.	a homologue of the mammalian bilirubin transporter bilitranslocase (btl) (tcdb 2.a.65.1.1), able to perform an apparent secondary active transport of flavonoids, has previously been found in carnation petals and red grape berries. in the present work, a btl homologue was also shown in white berries from vitis vinifera l. cv. tocai/friulano, using anti-sequence antibodies specific for rat liver btl. this transporter, similarly to what found in red grape, was localized in the first layers of the e ...	2009	19596699
streptomyces thinghirensis sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of vitis vinifera.	a novel actinomycete, strain s10(t), was isolated from rhizosphere soil of wild vitis vinifera in thinghir, ouarzazate province, southern morocco. the taxonomic status of this strain was established using a polyphasic approach. strain s10(t) had white-grey aerial mycelium with long, spiral spore chains bearing smooth surfaced spores and produced a yellow diffusible pigment. chemotaxonomic analyses showed that the cell wall of strain s10(t) contained ll-diaminopimelic acid and glycine. phylogenet ...	2009	19643894
gene expression profiling in susceptible interaction of grapevine with its fungal pathogen eutypa lata: extending mapman ontology for grapevine.	whole genome transcriptomics analysis is a very powerful approach because it gives an overview of the activity of genes in certain cells or tissue types. however, biological interpretation of such results can be rather tedious. mapman is a software tool that displays large datasets (e.g. gene expression data) onto diagrams of metabolic pathways or other processes and thus enables easier interpretation of results. the grapevine (vitis vinifera) genome sequence has recently become available bringi ...	2009	19656401
the efficacy of ankaferd blood stopper in antithrombotic drug-induced primary and secondary hemostatic abnormalities of a rat-bleeding model.	ankaferd comprises a standardized mixture of plants thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum and urtica dioica. ankaferd blood stopper (abs) as a medicinal product has been approved in the management of external hemorrhage and dental surgery bleedings in turkey. this study aimed to evaluate the in-vivo hemostatic effect of abs in rats pretreated with acetylsalicylic acid or enoxaparin. wistar rats (210-270 g) of both sexes were used in this study. the animals were ...	2009	19657315
structure and epimerase activity of anthocyanidin reductase from vitis vinifera.	together with leucoanthocyanidin reductase, anthocyanidin reductase (anr) is one of the two enzymes of the flavonoid-biosynthesis pathway that produces the flavan-3-ol monomers required for the formation of proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins. it has been shown to catalyse the double reduction of anthocyanidins to form 2r,3r-flavan-3-ols, which can be further transformed to the 2s,3r isomers by non-enzymatic epimerization. anr from grape (vitis vinifera) was expressed in escherichia coli and ...	2009	19690377
low level of pollen-mediated gene flow from cultivated to wild grapevine: consequences for the evolution of the endangered subspecies vitis vinifera l. subsp. silvestris.	a parentage and a paternity-based approach were tested for estimation of pollen-mediated gene flow in wild grapevine (vitis vinifera l. subsp. silvestris), a wind-pollinated species occurring in mediterranean europe and southwestern asia. for this purpose, 305 seedlings collected in 2 years at 2 locations in france from 4 wild female individuals and 417 wild individuals prospected from france and italy were analyzed using 20 highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. their profiles were compared wi ...	2009	18927474
the integrated control concept and its relevance to current integrated pest management in california fresh market grapes.	the foundation of an integrated pest management program involves valid treatment thresholds, accurate and simple monitoring methods, effective natural controls, selective pesticides and trained individuals who can implement the concept. the integrated control concept written by stern, smith, van den bosch and hagen elucidated each of these points in an alfalfa ecosystem. alfalfa hay (medicago sativa l.) has a low per acre value, requires little hand labor and is primarily marketed in the usa. in ...	2009	19731261
irrigation and rootstock effects on the phenolic concentration and aroma potential of vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon grapes.	compositional changes of skin and seed phenolic compounds and berry glycosylated aroma precursors were measured in vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon onto 1103p and so4 rootstocks, in three irrigation regimes (fi, 100% of evapotranspiration; di, 50% of evapotranspiration; and ni, non-irrigated). the study was conducted in a commercial vineyard of central greece, in a factorial experiment during two growing seasons (2005-2006). grape samples were obtained at commercial harvest. the deficit ...	2009	19722708
[chemical composition of the virgin oil obtained by mechanical pressing form several grape seed varieties (vitis vinifera l.) with emphasis on minor constituents].	the chemical composition of the virgin oils obtained by mechanical pressing of grape seed belonging of the varieties syrah and tintorera as well as a mixture of seeds of the varieties syrah, tempranillo and merlot was determined. official analytical methods were employed for the determination of two quality indexes (acidity and peroxide value), fatty acids profile and for the quantification of the most important minor constituents. the acidity and the peroxide values were in agreement with the v ...	2009	19719020
expression of stilbene synthase gene in transgenic tomato using salicylic acid-inducible cre/loxp recombination system with self-excision of selectable marker.	a plant transformation vector, pclkscla25 (eu327498), was developed to contain eight cloning sites and the inducible self-excision system which provided an effective approach to eliminate the selectable marker gene(s) from transgenic plants. upon induction by salicylic acid, the cre gene produced a recombinase that eliminated sequences encoding the selectable marker neomycin phosphotransferase and cre itself. the excision efficiency was 41% in transgenic tomato regenarants. the stilbene synthase ...	2009	18792793
phenolic characterization of malbec wines from mendoza province (argentina).	malbec is a wine grape variety that is now mainly produced in mendoza and considered to be the emblematic cultivar of argentina. forty-four phenolic compounds, including hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids and different flavonoids, were identified and quantified in 61 monovarietal malbec wines from 11 geographical zones of mendoza province, using a reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a diode array detector (hplc-dad). among non-flavonoids, gallic, cis-caf ...	2010	20055443
phenolic content of grapevine leaves (vitis labrusca var. bordo) and its neuroprotective effect against peroxide damage.	in some countries, leaves of vitis vinifera grapes have been used for food and for treating many medical disorders. however, there are no studies on the leaves of vitis labrusca, the main species used for wine and juice production in south america. in this work, the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of organic and conventional grape leaves extracts prepared from v. labrusca (var. bordo) in brain tissues (in vitro model) have been evaluated. both organic and conventional grape leaves ex ...	2010	19699291
linkage disequilibrium in wild french grapevine, vitis vinifera l. subsp. silvestris.	association mapping based on linkage disequilibrium (ld) can provide high resolution for whole-genome mapping of genes underlying phenotypic variation. this field has received considerable attention over the last decade. we present here the first characterization of ld in wild french grapevine, vitis vinifera l. subsp. silvestris. to assess the pattern and extent of ld, we used a sample of 85 plants from southern france and 36 microsatellite markers distributed over 5 linkage groups. ld was eval ...	2010	19844269
sequence diversity, population genetics and potential recombination events in grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus in pacific north-west vineyards.	grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (grspav; genus foveavirus, family flexiviridae) is present in many grape-growing regions of the world. a total of 84 full-length coat protein (cp) sequences and 57 sequences representing the helicase-encoding region (hr) of the rna-dependent rna polymerase were obtained from wine grape cultivars grown in the pacific north-west (pnw) of the united states and their molecular diversity was compared with corresponding sequences previously reported fr ...	2010	19759241
the grapevine transcription factor wrky2 influences the lignin pathway and xylem development in tobacco.	previous work has shown that transgenic tobacco plants constitutively over-expressing the vitis vinifera l. transcription factor vvwrky2 exhibit reduced susceptibility to necrotrophic fungal pathogens, suggesting that this transcription factor plays a role in grapevine response to phytopathogens. the work presented here characterizes the modifications in cell wall structure observed in the stems and petioles of these transgenic plants. histochemical stainings of stem and petiole cross-sections u ...	2010	19902151
abscisic acid is involved in the response of grape (vitis vinifera l.) cv. malbec leaf tissues to ultraviolet-b radiation by enhancing ultraviolet-absorbing compounds, antioxidant enzymes and membrane sterols.	we investigated the interactions of abscisic acid (aba) in the responses of grape leaf tissues to contrasting ultraviolet (uv)-b treatments. one-year-old field-grown plants of vitis vinifera l. were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (par) where solar uv-b was eliminated by using polyester filters, or where par was supplemented with uv-b irradiation. treatments combinations included weekly foliar sprays of aba or a water control. the levels of uv-b absorbing flavonols, quercetin and ...	2010	19781012
characterization of a novel stilbene synthase promoter involved in pathogen- and stress-inducible expression from chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata.	stilbene synthase is a plant-specific polyketide synthase, and plays important roles in diverse metabolic processes. the genomic stilbene synthase gene was cloned from accession "baihe-35-1" of chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata, and a stilbene synthase of v. pseudoreticulata (vpsts) transcripts expressed in the grape-powdery mildew interaction were determined by semi-quantitative rt-pcr. to monitor vpsts expression in plant, the promoter region flanking the 5' vpsts coding region was isolated ...	2010	19937257
proteomics approach to identify unique xylem sap proteins in pierce's disease-tolerant vitis species.	pierce's disease (pd) is a destructive bacterial disease of grapes caused by xylella fastidiosa which is xylem-confined. the tolerance level to this disease varies among vitis species. our research was aimed at identifying unique xylem sap proteins present in pd-tolerant vitis species. the results showed wide variation in the xylem sap protein composition, where a set of polypeptides with pi between 4.5 and 4.7 and m(r) of 31 kda were present in abundant amount in muscadine (vitis rotundifolia, ...	2010	19412582
wound-healing activity of the skin of the common grape (vitis vinifera) variant, cabernet sauvignon.	the common grape l. (vitaceae) is regarded as an important medicinal plant. european healers have suggested the use of grapevine sap, juice, and whole grape in the treatment of pain, allergic reactions, inflammation, and to promote wound healing. we evaluated grape-skin powder for its wound-healing activity using an excision wound model in rats. animals were randomly divided into three groups of six (n = 6) each. the test group animals were treated topically with the grape-skin powder (100 mg/kg ...	2010	20066659
inhibitory effects of fermented grape marc from vitis vinifera negroamaro on antigen-induced degranulation.	to investigate the antiallergic effects of fermented grape marc from negroamaro (n-fgm), we examined antigen (ag)-induced degranulation of rat basophilic leukemia (rbl-2h3) cells. among supernatants of n-fgm suspensions in water, ethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), supernatants of dmso-suspended n-fgm but not of nonfermented negroamaro grape marc (n-gm) markedly suppressed the ag-induced degranulation and phosphorylation of syk in rbl-2h3 cells. supernatants of dmso-suspended n-fgm did not r ...	2010	20100066
colour and pigment composition of red wines obtained from co-maceration of tempranillo and graciano varieties.	the vitis vinifera l. cv graciano is often used as an integral component of rioja wines because it is considered to contribute significantly to the quality of tempranillo based wines. the aim of this work was to determine the effect of the incorporation of the graciano variety on the colour and pigment composition of tempranillo based wine and to evaluate the possible differences between blending tempranillo with graciano varietal wine (w wine) in contrast to a wine obtained by mixing these two ...	2010	20103154
aromatic potential of botrytized white wine grapes: identification and quantification of new cysteine-s-conjugate flavor precursors.	sweet wines made from botrytized grapes contain much higher concentrations of volatile thiols, especially 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3sh), than dry white wines. three new specific volatile thiols (3-sulfanylpentan-1-ol (3sp), 3-sulfanylheptan-1-ol (3shp), and 2-methyl-3-sulfanylbutan-1-ol (2m3sb) were recently identified in sauternes wines. like most volatile thiols, these compounds were almost totally absent from must, mainly being formed during alcoholic fermentation. in this work, we describe the ...	2010	20103162
cell wall-degrading enzymes enlarge the pore size of intervessel pit membranes in healthy and xylella fastidiosa-infected grapevines.	the pit membrane (pm) is a primary cell wall barrier that separates adjacent xylem water conduits, limiting the spread of xylem-localized pathogens and air embolisms from one conduit to the next. this paper provides a characterization of the size of the pores in the pms of grapevine (vitis vinifera). the pm porosity (pmp) of stems infected with the bacterium xylella fastidiosa was compared with the pmp of healthy stems. stems were infused with pressurized water and flow rates were determined; go ...	2010	20107028
yeast species associated with wine grapes in china.	having more information on the yeast ecology of grapes is important for wine-makers to produce wine with high quality and typical attributes. china is a significant wine-consuming country and is becoming a serious wine-producer, but little has been reported about the yeast ecology of local ecosystems. this study provides the first step towards the exploitation of the yeast wealth in china's vine-growing regions. the aim of this study was to investigate the yeast population density and diversity ...	2010	20116124
the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor myc1 is involved in the regulation of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in grapevine.	previous results indicated that in grapevine (vitis vinifera), regulation of the flavonoid pathway genes by myb transcription factors depends on their interaction with basic helix-loop-helix proteins (bhlhs). the present study describes the first functional characterization of a bhlh factor from grapevine named vvmyc1. this transcription factor is phylogenetically related to arabidopsis bhlh proteins, which participate in the control of flavonoid biosynthesis and epidermal cell fate. transient p ...	2010	20118183
suppression of type-i allergic responses by oral administration of grape marc fermented with lactobacillus plantarum.	we investigated the inhibitory effects of fermented grape marc (fgm), lyophilized fine powder of skin, and seeds of vitis vinifera koshu grape prepared by fermentation with lactobacillus plantarum, on type-i allergic responses in mice. repeated oral administration of fgm, but not non-fermented grape marc (gm), to balb/c mice primed with ovalbumin (ova) resulted in a significant reduction of serum ige levels, compared with those of immunized controls. after ova challenge, increased numbers of eos ...	2010	20136581
crystal structure and catalytic mechanism of leucoanthocyanidin reductase from vitis vinifera.	leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar) catalyzes the nadph-dependent reduction of 2r,3s,4s-flavan-3,4-diols into 2r,3s-flavan-3-ols, a subfamily of flavonoids that is important for plant survival and for human nutrition. lar1 from vitis vinifera has been co-crystallized with or without nadph and one of its natural products, (+)-catechin. crystals diffract to a resolution between 1.75 and 2.72 a. the coenzyme and substrate binding pocket is preformed in the apoprotein and not markedly altered upon na ...	2010	20138891
a functional eds1 ortholog is differentially regulated in powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevines and complements an arabidopsis eds1 mutant.	vitis vinifera (grapevine) is the most economically important deciduous fruit crop, but cultivated grapevine varieties lack adequate innate immunity to a range of devastating diseases. to identify genetic resources for grapevine innate immunity and understand pathogen defense pathways in a woody perennial plant, we focus in this study on orthologs of the central arabidopsis thaliana defense regulator enhanced disease susceptibility1 (eds1). the family of eds1-like genes is expanded in grapevine, ...	2010	20145949
bioinformatic search of plant microtubule-and cell cycle related serine-threonine protein kinases.	a bioinformatic search was carried for plant homologues of human serine-threonine protein kinases involved in regulation of cell division and microtubule protein phosphorylation (slk, pak6, pak7, mark1, mast2, ttbk1, ttbk2, aurka, plk1, plk4 and pask). a number of slk, mast2 and aurka plant homologues were identified. the closest identified homologue of human aurka kinase was a protein of unknown function, a7py12/gsvivt00026259001 from vitis vinifera (herein named as "stalk", serine-threonine au ...	2010	20158871
general and species-specific transcriptional responses to downy mildew infection in a susceptible (vitis vinifera) and a resistant (v. riparia) grapevine species.	downy mildew is a destructive grapevine disease caused by plasmopara viticola (berk. and curt.) berl. and de toni, which can only be controlled by intensive fungicide treatments. natural sources of resistance from wild grapevine (vitis) species are used in conventional breeding approaches, but the signals and effectors involved in resistance in this important crop species are not well understood.	2010	20167053
cloning of the papaya chromoplast-specific lycopene beta-cyclase, cpcyc-b, controlling fruit flesh color reveals conserved microsynteny and a recombination hot spot.	carotenoid pigments in fruits are indicative of the ripening process and potential nutritional value. papaya (carica papaya) fruit flesh color is caused by the accumulation of lycopene or beta-carotenoids in chromoplasts. it is a distinct feature affecting nutritional composition, fruit quality, shelf life, and consumer preference. to uncover the molecular basis of papaya flesh color, we took map-based cloning and candidate gene approaches using integrated genetic and physical maps. a dna marker ...	2010	20181753
a transcriptomic study of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. cabernet-sauvignon) interaction with the vascular ascomycete fungus eutypa lata.	eutypa dieback is a vascular disease that may severely affect vineyards throughout the world. in the present work, microarrays were made in order (i) to improve our knowledge of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. cabernet-sauvignon) responses to eutypa lata, the causal agent of eutypa dieback; and (ii) to identify genes that may prevent symptom development. qiagen/operon grapevine microarrays comprising 14,500 probes were used to compare, under three experimental conditions (in vitro, in the greenhou ...	2010	20190040
changes in protein abundance during powdery mildew infection of leaf tissues of cabernet sauvignon grapevine (vitis vinifera l.).	a comparative analysis of differentially expressed proteins in a susceptible grapevine (vitis vinifera 'cabernet sauvignon') during the infection of erysiphe necator, the causal pathogen of grapevine powdery mildew (pm), was conducted using itraq. the quantitative labeling analysis revealed 63 proteins that significantly changed in abundance at 24, 36, 48, and 72 h post inoculation with powdery mildew conidiospores. the functional classification of the pm-responsive proteins showed that they are ...	2010	20232356
prominent chemopreventive and chemoenhancing effects for resveratrol: unraveling molecular targets and the role of c-reactive protein.	resveratrol (rsvl) claims health benefits that pertain to the consumption of red wine/grapes. we currently evaluated the chemopreventive effects of rsvl, as well as its possible chemoenhancing effects when given with cisplatin (cp), in the ehrlich ascites carcinoma (eac) solid tumor model. further, we monitored concomitant changes in serum levels of c-reactive protein (crp), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), leukocytic count (lc) and lipid peroxidation (measured as malondialdehyde, mda).	2010	20299793
involvement of abscisic acid in the coordinated regulation of a stress-inducible hexose transporter (vvht5) and a cell wall invertase in grapevine in response to biotrophic fungal infection.	biotrophic fungal and oomycete pathogens alter carbohydrate metabolism in infected host tissues. symptoms such as elevated soluble carbohydrate concentrations and increased invertase activity suggest that a pathogen-induced carbohydrate sink is established. to identify pathogen-induced regulators of carbohydrate sink strength, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure transcript levels of invertase and hexose transporter genes in biotrophic pathogen-infected grapevine ...	2010	20348211
considerable increase in resveratrol production by recombinant industrial yeast strains with use of rich medium.	resveratrol synthesis from p-coumarate was analyzed in different saccharomyces cerevisiae strains expressing the 4-coumaroyl-coenzyme a ligase (4cl1) from arabidopsis thaliana and the stilbene synthase (sts) from vitis vinifera and compared between yeast cultures growing in rich or synthetic medium. the use of rich medium considerably improved resveratrol production, and resveratrol yields of up to 391 mg/liter could be achieved with an industrial brazilian sugar cane-fermenting yeast.	2010	20348297
development and validation of an algorithm to establish a total antioxidant capacity database of the us diet.	estimation of total antioxidant intake is the first step to investigate the protective effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress-mediated disease. the present study was designed to develop an algorithm to estimate total antioxidant capacity (tac) of the us diet. tac of individual antioxidants and 50 popular antioxidant-rich food items in the us diet were determined by 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (abts) assay and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) assay. theoreti ...	2010	20377495
identification and quantification of impact aroma compounds in 4 nonfloral vitis vinifera varieties grapes.	the aroma compounds in grapes of cabernet gernischt, cabernet sauvignon, cabernet franc, and merlot have been studied by gas chromatography-olfactometry (gc-o). the gc-o study revealed the presence of 58 aroma compounds in which 53 odorants were identified. the most significant odor active volatiles in 4 grape berries were beta-damascenone, hexanal, (z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (e,z)-2,6-nonadienal, beta-ionone, and unknown (ri = 1612). the quantification of volatile aroma compounds in grapes was developed ...	2010	20492207
[faunistic analysis of leafhopper (hemiptera: cicadellidae) species in vineyards of rio grande do sul state, brazil].	in some american countries, grapevines are affected by pierce's disease (pd), which is caused by a particular strain of xylella fastidiosa not yet reported in brazil. in order to investigate the potential for pd spread in brazil in case of pathogen introduction, we conducted a faunistic analysis of leafhoppers (hemiptera: cicadellidae) associated to vineyards in the state of rio grande do sul, with emphasis in the subfamily cicadellinae (sharpshooters), which includes the main potential vectors ...	2010	20498954
studies on antioxidant effects of the red grapes seed extract from vitis vinifera, burgund mare, recaş in pregnant rats.	to estimate the effects of hydroethanolic red grapes seeds extract obtained from vitis vinifera, burgund mare variety, recaş , romania (bmr) on oxidant-antioxidant ballance, as compared to ascorbic acid, during pregnancy in rats. thirty wistar female rats were assigned to three groups (n=10) which were administered by gavage: group i, 3 x 100 mg/kg body weight saline, group ii - bmr 3 x 30 mg gallic acid equivalents/kg body weight; group iii - vitamin c 3 x 100 mg/kg body weight on days 1, 7 and ...	2010	20511134
bactericidal effect of grape seed extract on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa).	this study was conducted to measure the antibacterial activity of grape (vitis vinifera l; vitaceae) seed extract against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). grape seed and skin extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against forty-three strains of mrsa by gel diffusion, growth and respirometric studies. all mrsa strains were found to be sensitive to grape seed extract. complete inhibition of all bacterial strains tested was observed at a concentration of 3 mg/ml crude gr ...	2010	20519844
antidiabetic screening of commercial botanical products in 3t3-l1 adipocytes and db/db mice.	numerous botanicals are purported to improve glucose metabolism and diabetic risk factors with varying degrees of supportive evidence. we investigated 203 commercially available botanical products representing 90 unique botanical species for effects on lipogenic activity in differentiating 3t3-l1 adipocytes. anti-inflammatory activity of 21 of these products was further assessed in tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnfalpha)-stimulated, mature 3t3-l1 adipocytes. from these results, rho-isoalpha acids ...	2010	20521979
wild grapevine: silvestris, hybrids or cultivars that escaped from vineyards? molecular evidence in sardinia.	vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris, the spontaneous subspecies of v. vinifera l., is believed to be the ancestor of present grapevine cultivars. in this work, polymorphism at 13 ssr loci was investigated to answer the following key question: are wild plants (i) true silvestris, (ii) hybrids between wild and cultivated plants or (iii) or 'escapes' from vineyards? in particular, the objective of the present study was to identify truly wild individuals and to search for possible hybridization events. t ...	2010	20522194
distinct rpsc single nucleotide polymorphism lineages of flavescence dorée subgroup 16srv-d phytoplasma co-infect vitis vinifera l.	during a survey on grapevine yellows disease complex in vineyards of lombardy region (northern italy), phytoplasmas associated with flavescence dorée disease were identified in symptomatic grapevines. polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analyses of 16s rdna revealed the prevalence of phytoplasmal subgroup 16srv-d. bioinformatic analyses of nucleotide sequences of rplv and rpsc genes, amplified from 16srv-d phytoplasma infected grapevines and cloned, unde ...	2010	20526838
rugose wood-associated viruses do not appear to be involved in shiraz (syrah) decline in south africa.	the presence of rugose-wood-associated viruses of the genera foveavirus and vitivirus in the family betaflexiviridae was investigated in various clones of own-rooted and grafted vitis vinifera cv. shiraz that were affected, or not, by shiraz decline, and in rootstocks. rt nested-pcr amplification of double-stranded rna using degenerate primers for the simultaneous detection of foveaviruses and vitiviruses (dovas ci, katis ni in j virol meth 170:99-106, 2003), cloning of dna amplicons, sscp analy ...	2010	20549265
contribution of galloylation and polymerization to the antioxidant activity of polyphenols in fish lipid systems.	polyphenolic fractions extracted from pine (pinus pinaster) bark, grape (vitis vinifera) pomace, and witch hazel (hamamelis virginiana) bark were selected for investigating the influence of the number of phenolic units, polymerization, and the content of esterified galloyl residues (galloylation) on their efficacy for inhibiting lipid oxidation in fish lipid enriched foodstuffs. experiments carried out with nongalloylated pine bark fractions with different polymerization degrees demonstrated tha ...	2010	20550219
transcriptional profiling of ests responsive to rhizobium vitis from 'tamnara' grapevines (vitis sp.).	genes related with defense responses were screened from the cdna library constructed with rhizobium vitis-inoculated or salicylic acid (sa)-treated 'tamnara' grapevine (vitis sp.) leaves. among 13,728 expressed sequence tags (ests) from 'tamnara' grapevine upon r. vitis inoculation and sa treatment, 6776 unigenes containing 1915 contigs and 4860 singletons were obtained. in gene ontology analysis, there were about 3200 clones related with biological process, 3555 with molecular function, and 335 ...	2010	20398958
ultralow oxygen treatment for control of planococcus ficus (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) on grape benchgrafts.	controlled atmosphere treatments with ultralow oxygen (ulo treatments) were developed successfully for control of vine mealybug, planococcusflcus signoret (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), on dormant grape (vitis spp.) benchgrafts. at 30 ppm oxygen, 3-d ulo treatment at 25 degrees c and 4-d ulo treatment at 150c achieved complete control of all life stages of p. ficus. at a much lower oxygen level (<1 ppm), the two ulo treatments with the same exposure periods of 3 d at 25 degrees c and 4 d at 15 deg ...	2010	20429438
the characterization and diversity of bacterial endophytes of grapevine.	the diversity of culturable and nonculturable bacterial endophytes of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) was examined using a combination of cultivation and molecular methods. entire grapevines were sampled to characterize bacterial diversity from different locations throughout the vine. gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters (fames) was used to identify culturable isolates prior to subsequent further microbiological characterization, whilst denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) was ...	2010	20453907
characterization of a vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon 3',5'-o-methyltransferase showing strong preference for anthocyanins and glycosylated flavonols.	at ripening initiation in red grapevine (vitis vinifera) berries, the exocarp turns color from green to red and then to purple due to the accumulation and extent of methylation of anthocyanins. the accumulation of transcripts encoding an o-methyltransferase was recently shown to be closely correlated with the onset of ripening and the degree of blue/purple pigmentation in grapevine berries; however, the biochemical function of this gene has remained uncharacterized. in this study, an o-methyltra ...	2010	20580386
effect of myricetin on blood pressure and metabolic alterations in fructose hypertensive rats.	fructose feeding induces a rise in blood pressure in normal rats and is associated with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. we have examined the effect of myricetin (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o. for 6 weeks) isolated from vitis vinifera linn. (vitaceae) on systolic blood pressure (sbp), vascular reactivity, serum glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, and insulin in fructose-induced hypertension. myricetin reduced systolic blood pressure and vascular reactivity changes to ca ...	2010	20645789
effects of acute low-temperature events on development of erysiphe necator and susceptibility of vitis vinifera.	growth and development of erysiphe necator (syn. uncinula necator) has been extensively studied under controlled conditions, primarily with a focus on development of grapevine powdery mildew within the optimal temperature range and the lethal effects of high temperatures. however, little is known of the effect of cold temperatures (above freezing but <8 degrees c) on pathogen development or host resistance. pretreatment of susceptible vitis vinifera leaf tissue by exposure to cold temperatures ( ...	2010	20649419
influence of planococcus ficus on aspergillus section nigri and ochratoxin a incidence in vineyards from argentina.	the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of planococcus ficus infection in red wine grapes on aspergillus section nigri and ochratoxin a (ota) contamination.	2010	20672440
3'-coterminal subgenomic rnas and putative cis-acting elements of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 reveals 'unique' features of gene expression strategy in the genus ampelovirus.	the family closteroviridae comprises genera with monopartite genomes, closterovirus and ampelovirus, and with bipartite and tripartite genomes, crinivirus. by contrast to closteroviruses in the genera closterovirus and crinivirus, much less is known about the molecular biology of viruses in the genus ampelovirus, although they cause serious diseases in agriculturally important perennial crops like grapevines, pineapple, cherries and plums.	2010	20682046
which plant for which skin disease? part 2: dermatophytes, chronic venous insufficiency, photoprotection, actinic keratoses, vitiligo, hair loss, cosmetic indications.	this paper continues our review of scientifically evaluated plant extracts in dermatology. after plants effective against dermatophytes, botanicals with anti-edema effects in chronic venous insufficiency are discussed. there is good evidence from randomized clinical studies that plant extracts from grape vine leaves (vitis vinifera), horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum), sea pine (pinus maritima) and butcher's broom (ruscus aculeatus) can reduce edema in chronic venous insufficiency. plant ex ...	2010	20707877
the capsid protein of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus contains a typical nuclear localization signal and targets to the nucleus.	grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (grspav) is a positive strand, ssrna virus of the genus foveavirus (family betaflexiviridae; order tymovirales). grspav is distributed in table and wine grapes worldwide and comprises a large family of sequence variants. as a newly discovered virus, mechanisms of virus replication and movement of grspav have not been elucidated. we recently revealed the subcellular localization of the proteins encoded by the triple gene block of grspav (rebelo et ...	2010	20708048
[mast2-like protein kinase from grape vine vitis vinifera: cloning of catalytic domain cdna].	the aim of our work is the identification of protein kinases phosphorylating microtubule proteins in plant cells. using bioinformatic approach, we found genes of putative homologues of microtubule-associated mammalian protein kinase mast2 in higher plant genomes. the gene of closest mast2 homologue, putative protein, named gmlk (grape mast2-like kinase, a7nte9_vitvi), was found in grape vitis vinifera. we report here the cloning of cdna of gmlk (a7nte9) from pinot noir grape vine leaves.	2010	20722285
in vitro bioconversion of polyphenols from black tea and red wine/grape juice by human intestinal microbiota displays strong interindividual variability.	dietary polyphenols in tea and wine have been associated with beneficial health effects. after ingestion, most polyphenols are metabolized by the colonic microbiota. the current study aimed at exploring the interindividual variation of gut microbial polyphenol bioconversion from 10 healthy human subjects. in vitro fecal batch fermentations simulating conditions in the distal colon were performed using polyphenols from black tea and a mixture of red wine and grape juice. microbial bioconversion w ...	2010	20726519
characterisation of the vitis vinifera pr10 multigene family.	genes belonging to the pathogenesis related 10 (pr10) group have been studied in several plant species, where they form multigene families. until now, such an analysis has not been performed in vitis vinifera, although three different pr10 genes were found to be expressed under pathogen attack or abiotic stress, and during somatic embryogenesis induction. we used the complete genome sequence for characterising the whole v. vinifera pr10 gene family. the expression of candidate genes was studied ...	2010	20727162
sensitivity of botrytis cinerea to chitosan and acibenzolar-s-methyl.	the antifungal properties of chitosan and acibenzolar-s-methyl were evaluated to assess their potential for protecting grapes against botrytis cinerea pers.: fr. isolated from vitis vinifera l. the objectives were to determine the effects of these compounds on the in vitro development of b. cinerea and to assess their effectiveness at controlling grey mould on grapes stored at different temperatures.	2010	20730989
modulation of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway genes and anthocyanins due to virus infection in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) leaves.	symptoms of grapevine leafroll disease (glrd) in red-fruited wine grape (vitis vinifera l.) cultivars consist of green veins and red and reddish-purple discoloration of inter-veinal areas of leaves. the reddish-purple color of symptomatic leaves may be due to the accumulation of anthocyanins and could reflect an up-regulation of genes involved in their biosynthesis.	2010	20731850
antioxidant rich grape pomace extract suppresses postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic mice by specifically inhibiting alpha-glucosidase.	abstract:	2010	20799969
a new glycosidic flavonoid from jwarhar mahakashay (antipyretic) ayurvedic preparation.	the aqueous extract of jwarhar mahakashay ayurvedic preparation (from the roots of hemidesmus indicus r. br., rubia cordifolia l., cissampelos pareira l.; fruits of terminalia chebula retz., emblica officinalis gaertn., terminalia bellirica roxb., vitis vinifera l., grewia asiatica l., salvadora persica l. and granules of saccharum officinarum l.) has been used as a traditional antipyretic. experimental studies confirmed its antipyretic-analgesic effect with very low ulcerogenicity and toxicity. ...	2010	20814525
diagnosis of pierce's disease using biomarkers specific to xylella fastidiosa rrna and vitis vinifera gene expression.	pierce's disease (pd), caused by xylella fastidiosa, represents one of the most damaging diseases of cultivated grape. management of pd in the vineyard often relies on the removal of infected individuals, which otherwise serve as a source of inoculum for nearby healthy vines. effective implementation of such control measures requires early diagnosis, which is complicated by the fact that infected vines often harbor high titers of the pathogen in advance of visual symptom development. here, we re ...	2010	20839944
characterization of phenolic content, in vitro biological activity, and pesticide loads of extracts from white grape skins from organic and conventional cultivars.	grape skin extracts of riesling vitis vinifera l. grapes from conventionally or organically managed cultivars were compared on the basis of their phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial and antimutagenic properties and pesticide loads. promising results on their biological properties suggest that those extracts would be valuable as food preservatives. the antioxidant capacity of conventional extracts was significantly higher, according to the higher content in catechin, epicatechin ...	2010	20870004
evaluation of protein extraction methods for vitis vinifera leaf and root proteome analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis.	an efficient protein extraction method is crucial to ensure successful separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de) for recalcitrant plant species, in particular for grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). trichloroacetic acid-acetone (tca-acetone) and phenol extraction methods were evaluated for proteome analysis of leaves and roots from the tunisian cultivar 'razegui'. the phenol-based protocol proved to give a higher protein yield, a greater spot resolution, and a minimal streaking on 2-de gel ...	2010	20883445
structure-activity relationships of polyphenols to prevent lipid oxidation in pelagic fish muscle.	the influence of polymerization (number of monomers) and galloylation (content of esterified gallates) of oligomeric catechins (proanthocyanidins) on their effectiveness to prevent lipid oxidation in pelagic fish muscle was evaluated. non-galloylated oligomers of catechin with diverse mean polymerization (1.9-3.4 monomeric units) were extracted from pine ( pinus pinaster ) bark. homologous fractions with galloylation ranging from 0.25 to <1 gallate group per molecule were obtained from grape ( v ...	2010	20925315
rapd analysis of selected local turkish grape cultivars (vitis vinifera).	turkey is very rich in local grape varieties. the solution to the problem of identifying local cultivars, which is considered an important deficiency for the region, will only be possible when they can be defined with molecular markers. forty-nine local grapevine cultivars from şanlıurfa (turkey) were characterized with rapd markers. twenty-five decamer primers selected from 60 primers were used in this analysis. a total of 171 bands were obtained with the 25 primers, of which 112 were polymorph ...	2010	20927716
effects of grape pomace antioxidant extract on oxidative stress and inflammation in diet induced obese mice.	norton grape is one of the most important wine grapes in southern and midwestern states and generates massive pomace byproducts. the objective of this study is to characterize the antioxidant compounds and activity in norton grape pomace extract (gpe) and further assess the potential health promoting properties of norton gpe using an animal disease model. the total phenolic content and anthocyanins in norton gpe were 475.4 mg of gallic acid equiv/g and 156.9 mg of cyanidin 3-glucoside equiv/g, r ...	2010	20929236
variation in pathogenicity and aggressiveness of erysiphe necator from different vitis spp. and geographic origins in the eastern united states.	eastern north america is considered the center of diversity for many vitis spp. and for the grape powdery mildew pathogen, erysiphe necator. however, little is known about populations of e. necator from wild vitis spp. we determined the phenotypic variation in pathogenicity and aggressiveness of e. necator among isolates from wild and domesticated vitis spp. from diverse geographic regions in the eastern united states. to test pathogenicity, we inoculated 38 e. necator isolates on three wild vit ...	2010	20932167
pr-1 gene family of grapevine: a uniquely duplicated pr-1 gene from a vitis interspecific hybrid confers high level resistance to bacterial disease in transgenic tobacco.	a functional contribution of pathogenesis-related 1 (pr-1) proteins to host defense has been established. however, systematic investigation of the pr-1 gene family in grapevine (vitis spp.) has not been conducted previously. through mining genomic databases, we identified 21 pr-1 genes from the vitis vinifera genome. polypeptides encoded by putative pr-1 genes had a signal sequence of about 25 residues and a mature protein of 10.9-29 kda in size. pr-1 mature proteins contained a highly conserved ...	2010	20967449
preliminary results on the effects of grape (vitis vinifera) seed condensed tannins on in vitro intestinal digestibility of the lupin (lupinus angustifolius) seed protein fraction in small ruminants.	condensed tannins (ct) from grape seeds (vitis vinifera l.) were added to complex the protein fraction of lupinus angustifolius seeds. three ct/protein ratios were used: 96 mg/g (t(1) ), 180 mg/g (t(2) ) and 0 mg/g (t(0) ). the cp losses in the rumen were assessed by the nylon-bag technique and cp intestinal digestibility (cpid) was estimated using an in vitro assay applying a three-step procedure: samples were subject to rumen degradation (in situ, 16 h) and the remaining residues were subject ...	2010	21039934
amelioration of tamoxifen-induced liver injury in rats by grape seed extract, black seed extract and curcumin.	liver injury was induced in female rats using tamoxifen (tam). grape seeds (vitis vinifera) extract (gse), black seed (nigella sativa) extract (nse), curcumin (cur) or silymarin (syl) were orally administered to tam-intoxicated rats. liver histopathology of tam-intoxicated:rats showed pathological changes. tam-intoxication elicited declines in liver antioxidant enzymes levels (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase), reduced glutathione (gsh) and gsh/gss ...	2010	21046982
genomic tools development for aquilegia: construction of a bac-based physical map.	the genus aquilegia, consisting of approximately 70 taxa, is a member of the basal eudicot lineage, ranuculales, which is evolutionarily intermediate between monocots and core eudicots, and represents a relatively unstudied clade in the angiosperm phylogenetic tree that bridges the gap between these two major plant groups. aquilegia species are closely related and their distribution covers highly diverse habitats. these provide rich resources to better understand the genetic basis of adaptation ...	2010	21059242
a candidate gene association study on muscat flavor in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.).	the sweet, floral flavor typical of muscat varieties (muscats), due to high levels of monoterpenoids (geraniol, linalool and nerol), is highly distinct and has been greatly appreciated both in table grapes and in wine since ancient times. muscat flavor determination in grape (vitis vinifera l.) has up to now been studied by evaluating monoterpenoid levels through qtl analysis. these studies have revealed co-localization of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (vvdxs) with the major qtl positi ...	2010	21062440
mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance in the vitaceae family.	the cultivated grapevine, vitis vinifera, is a member of the vitaceae family, which comprises over 700 species in 14 genera. vitis vinifera is highly susceptible to the powdery mildew pathogen erysiphe necator. however, other species within the vitaceae family have been reported to show resistance to this fungal pathogen, but little is known about the mechanistic basis of this resistance. therefore, the frequency of successful e. necator penetration events, in addition to programmed cell death ( ...	2010	21355998
evolution and history of grapevine (vitis vinifera) under domestication: new morphometric perspectives to understand seed domestication syndrome and reveal origins of ancient european cultivars.	in spite of the abundance of archaeological, bio-archaeological, historical and genetic data, the origins, historical biogeography, identity of ancient grapevine cultivars and mechanisms of domestication are still largely unknown. here, analysis of variation in seed morphology aims to provide accurate criteria for the discrimination between wild grapes and modern cultivars and to understand changes in functional traits in relation to the domestication process. this approach is also used to quant ...	2010	20034966
aba-dependent amine oxidases-derived h2o2 affects stomata conductance.	recently we showed that aba is at least partly responsible for the induction of the polyamine exodus pathway in vitis vinifera plants. both sensitive and tolerant plants employ this pathway to orchestrate stress responses, differing between stress adaptation and programmed cell death. herein we show that aba is an upstream signal for the induction of the polyamine catabolic pathway in vitis vinifera. thus, amine oxidases are producing h2o2 which signals stomata closure. moreover, the previously ...	2010	21490422
modified magnetic nanoparticles in an electrochemical method for the ochratoxin a determination in vitis vinifera red grapes tissues.	this work described the development and characterization of an electrochemical method using square wave voltammetry (swv) combined with the use of modified magnetic nanoparticles (mnps), which had shown a rapid and sensitive determination of ochratoxin a (ota) in wine grapes (cabernet sauvignon, malbec and syrah) post-harvest tissues. the wine grapes were inoculated with aspergillus ochraceus to obtain ota in artificially infected samples. the ota was directly determined using square-wave voltam ...	2010	21111187
molecular characterization and expression analysis on two isogenes encoding 3-deoxy-d: -arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase in grapes.	3-deoxy-d: -arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (dahps) is an entry enzyme of the shikimate pathway that connects primary carbohydrate metabolism with the biosynthesis of most secondary metabolites in plants. in the present study, two dahps cdnas were cloned from grape berries (vitis vinifera) and designated as vvdahps-1 and vvdahps-2. these two cdna sequences share 75.7% of the identities. their dna corresponding to the two isogenes both contain four introns. the deduced proteins from tw ...	2010	21132375
biosynthesis of anthocyanins and their regulation in colored grapes.	anthocyanins, synthesized via the flavonoid pathway, are a class of crucial phenolic compounds which are fundamentally responsible for the red color of grapes and wines. as the most important natural colorants in grapes and their products, anthocyanins are also widely studied for their numerous beneficial effects on human health. in recent years, the biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins in grapes has been thoroughly investigated. their intracellular transportation and accumulation have also been ...	2010	21150825
five phylogenetic groups identified in the coat protein gene of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 obtained from portuguese grapevine varieties.	the genetic variability and population structure of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (glrav-3) variants were updated by examining the diversity within the viral coat protein (cp) gene among 174 isolates belonging to a collection of vitis vinifera representing most of the portuguese varieties. phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of five well-defined clusters. three of these correspond to previously defined groups, another corresponds to variants from chile for which only one sequenc ...	2010	21153745
analysis of polymorphism based on sscp markers in gamma-irradiated (co60) grape (vitis vinifera) varieties.	the effects of induced mutation produced by five different doses of gamma irradiation (20, 25, 30, 40, and 45 gy) were determined using molecular approaches in vitis vinifera cultivars, namely thompson seedless (sultani çekirdeksiz) (progenitor of seedless vinifera variety) and kalecik karasi (one of the best quality wine grape variety of turkey). mutant candidates were selected through morphological observations of mutation-induced phenotypic changes during the first, second and third vegetatio ...	2010	21157704
quantitation of grapevine leafroll associated virus-1 and -3, grapevine virus a, grapevine fanleaf virus and grapevine fleck virus in field-collected vitis vinifera l. 'nebbiolo' by real-time reverse transcription-pcr.	taqman one-step real-time qrt-pcr assays were developed for the quantitation of grapevine leafroll associated virus-1 and -3 (glrav-1 and -3), grapevine virus a (gva), grapevine fanleaf virus (gflv) and grapevine fleck virus (gfkv) in vitis vinifera l. virus load in the progenies of three 'nebbiolo' clones planted in two experimental vineyards in piemonte (northwestern italy), and carrying the viruses in different combinations, was evaluated. quantitation primers were designed on the rna-depende ...	2010	21167205
bacterial endosymbiont localization in hyalesthes obsoletus, the insect vector of bois noir in vitis vinifera.	one emerging disease of grapevine in europe is bois noir (bn), a phytoplasmosis caused by "candidatus phytoplasma solani" and spread in vineyards by the planthopper hyalesthes obsoletus (hemiptera: cixiidae). here we present the first full characterization of the bacterial community of this important disease vector collected from bn-contaminated areas in piedmont, italy. length heterogeneity pcr and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis targeting the 16s rrna gene revealed the presenc ...	2010	21183640
evaluation of hemostatic effects of ankaferd as an alternative medicine.	ankaferd blood stopper (abs), a unique traditional herbal mixture, has been used topically to stop bleeding for centuries in anatolia. abs is a standardized mixture of the plants thymus vulgaris, glycyrrhiza glabra, vitis vinifera, alpinia officinarum, and urtica dioica. through its effects on the endothelium, blood cells, angiogenesis, cellular proliferation, vascular dynamics, and cell mediators, abs is now becoming an official alternative hemostatic medicine for intractable bleedings that are ...	2010	21194248
response of the vitis vinifera l. cv. 'nebbiolo' proteome to flavescence dorée phytoplasma infection.	flavescence dorée is a serious phytoplasma disease affecting grapevine in several european countries. we studied the interaction of flavescence dorée phytoplasma with its natural plant host by monitoring the effects of infection on the protein expression profile. among the 576 analyzed spots, 33 proteins were differentially regulated in infected grapevines. grouping into mips functional categories showed proteins involved in metabolism (21%), energy processes (9%), protein synthesis (3%), protei ...	2010	21204249
[bioinformatic search for plant homologs of protein kinase bub1--the keypoint of mitotic spindle assembly].	fourteen plant homologs of animal, yeast and myxomycetes spindle assembly checkpoint protein kinases were identified bioinformatically. it was shown that the closest plant homologues of the bub1 protein kinases are unknown proteins xp_002274770.1 (cbi21878.1) from vitis vinifera, eec82122.1 from oryza sativa indica, eee67244.1 from o. sativa japonica, eef44403.1 from ricinus communis and cal57156.1 from ostreococcus tauri. the reconstruction and analysis of spatial structures of the eec82122.1, ...	2010	21254620
the effectiveness of stilbenes in resistant vitaceae: ultrastructural and biochemical events during plasmopara viticola infection process.	leaves of different vitis vinifera l. cultivars, susceptible or resistant to downy mildew, chasselas, solaris, irac 2091 (cvs. gamaret x bronner) and muscadinia rotundifolia were inoculated with plasmopara viticola. samples were then examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, by light microscopy and for their ability to synthesise stilbenes. these phytoalexins were strictly analysed at infection sites. in the susceptible chasselas, p. viticola colonises, at 72h post-infection (hp ...	2010	21256040
mechanical properties, phenolic composition and extractability indices of barbera grapes of different soluble solids contents from several growing areas.	phenolic compounds, extractable from grape skins and seeds, have a notable influence on the quality of red wines. many studies have clearly demonstrated the relationship between the phenolic composition of the grape at harvest time and its influence on the phenolic composition of the red wine produced. in many previous works the evolution of phenolic composition and relative extractability was normally studied on grapes sampled at different times during ripening, but at the same date the physiol ...	2010	20103161
polyploidy did not predate the evolution of nodulation in all legumes.	several lines of evidence indicate that polyploidy occurred by around 54 million years ago, early in the history of legume evolution, but it has not been known whether this event was confined to the papilionoid subfamily (papilionoideae; e.g. beans, medics, lupins) or occurred earlier. determining the timing of the polyploidy event is important for understanding whether polyploidy might have contributed to rapid diversification and radiation of the legumes near the origin of the family; and whet ...	2010	20661290