Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a label-free proteomic analysis on competent larvae and juveniles of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | current understandings on the molecular mechanisms underlying bivalve metamorphosis are still fragmentary, and a comprehensive description is required. in this study, using a large-scale label-free proteomic approach, we described and compared the proteomes of competent larvae (cl) and juveniles (ju) of the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. a total of 788 proteins were identified: 392 in the cl proteome and 636 in the ju proteome. gene ontology analysis of the proteome from each sample revealed ... | 2015 | 26247880 |
| identification of single-locus pcr-based markers linked to shell background color in the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas). | a number of pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) with golden shell background color were obtained which show great potential to develop a niche market. to improve the selective breeding progress of true-breeding strains with complete golden oysters, research was conducted to identify genetic markers linked to the shell color locus. an f1-segregating population was obtained by crossing two oysters with golden shell and white shell. genomic dna from eight progenies with golden shell and eight progen ... | 2015 | 26239186 |
| autotetraploid pacific oysters (crassostrea gigas) obtained using normal diploid eggs: induction and impact on cytogenetic stability. | we describe two methods of producing viable and fertile autotetraploid pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas thunberg) based on the use of normal-sized oocytes produced by normal diploid females. our methods showed that the oocyte size is not a limiting factor for the success of the induction to autotetraploidy. these methods offer means of direct introgression of genetic progress from elite diploid lines to tetraploids used as broodstock, avoiding a triploid step with the risk of transferring undes ... | 2015 | 26230146 |
| how important are glutathione and thiol reductases to oyster hemocyte function? | bivalves are animals with worldwide distribution. although they play key roles in economic activities, human feeding and environmental studies, there is a considerable lack of knowledge about the relationship between their immune system and antioxidant defenses. here, we performed an in vitro experiment where crassostrea gigas hemocytes were exposed to the electrophilic compound 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (cdnb, 0.1-50 μm) for one hour. cdnb treatment clearly disturbed thiol homeostasis, causin ... | 2015 | 26210700 |
| key metabolic pathways involved in xenobiotic biotransformation and stress responses revealed by transcriptomics of the mangrove oyster crassostrea brasiliana. | the brazilian oyster crassostrea brasiliana was challenged to three common environmental contaminants: phenanthrene, diesel fuel water-accommodated fraction (waf) and domestic sewage. total rna was extracted from the gill and digestive gland, and cdna libraries were sequenced using the 454 flx platform. the assembled transcriptome resulted in ̃20,000 contigs, which were annotated to produce the first de novo transcriptome for c. brasiliana. sequences were screened to identify genes potentially i ... | 2015 | 26186662 |
| a gata2/3 gene potentially involved in larval shell formation of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | shells are one of the most notable features of the majority of mollusks. in addition, the shell is also considered a key characteristic during molluscan evolution and development. however, although the morphological changes during larval shell formation have been well described, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. in this study, we focused on the potential involvement of a gata gene in shell formation because gata genes are often downstream genes of bmp (bone morphogene ... | 2015 | 26159670 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel caspase-8-like gene in crassostrea gigas. | cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases, or caspases, play key roles in apoptosis and immune defense. in this study, we cloned the first caspase-8-like gene (cgcaspase8-2) identified in the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. the 2572-bp cdna encodes a putative protein of 714 amino acids that contains two tandem death effector domains (deds) at the n-terminal, and p20 and p10 domains at the c-terminal. the conserved pentapeptide motif qacqg was also identified in the deduced cgcaspase8-2 ... | 2015 | 26143079 |
| transcription factor cgmtf-1 regulates cgznt1 and cgmt expression in pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) under zinc stress. | oysters accumulate zinc at high tissue concentrations, and the metal response element (mre)-binding transcription factor (mtf) functions as the cellular zinc sensor that coordinates the expression of genes involved in zinc efflux and storage, as well as those that protect against metal toxicity. in this study, we cloned mtf-1 in oysters and examined its regulation mechanism for its classic target genes, including mts and znt1 under zinc exposure conditions. we cloned cgmtf-1 and determined the s ... | 2015 | 26074451 |
| early expansion and expression of the lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced tnf-α factor (litaf) gene family in the lps-exposed monogonont rotifer brachionus koreanus. | to date, a single lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-α factor (litaf) homologue, mediating the expression of inflammatory cytokines including tnf-α in terms of host defense was identified in vertebrates and most invertebrates such as insects, mollusks, and crustaceans. however, litaf gene family members have recently been characterized in only two mollusks, crassostrea gigas and mytilus galloprovincialis. although a large gene family expansion of litaf homologues was observed in the nematode caenorh ... | 2015 | 26056818 |
| warm temperature acclimation impacts metabolism of paralytic shellfish toxins from alexandrium minutum in commercial oysters. | species of alexandrium produce potent neurotoxins termed paralytic shellfish toxins and are expanding their ranges worldwide, concurrent with increases in sea surface temperature. the metabolism of molluscs is temperature dependent, and increases in ocean temperature may influence both the abundance and distribution of alexandrium and the dynamics of toxin uptake and depuration in shellfish. here, we conducted a large-scale study of the effect of temperature on the uptake and depuration of paral ... | 2015 | 26032975 |
| il-17 signaling components in bivalves: comparative sequence analysis and involvement in the immune responses. | the recent discovery of soluble immune-regulatory molecules in invertebrates takes advantage of the rapid growth of next generation sequencing datasets. following protein domain searches in the transcriptomes of 31 bivalve spp. and in few available mollusk genomes, we retrieved 59 domains uniquely identifying interleukin 17 (il-17) and 96 sefir domains typical of il-17 receptors and ciks/act1 proteins acting downstream in the il-17 signaling pathway. compared to the chordata il-17 family members ... | 2015 | 26026244 |
| alpha-adrenoceptor antagonism by crassostrea gigas oyster extract inhibits noradrenaline-induced vascular contraction in wistar rats. | crassostrea gigas oyster extract has been reported to have antioxidant, antihypertensive and lipid-lowering properties that may be useful for treating cardiovascular diseases. this study aimed to evaluate the effect of c. gigas oyster extract on cardiovascular function in tissues from healthy rats. | 2015 | 26006032 |
| winogradskyella crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from an oyster (crassostrea gigas). | a gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated tyo-19(t), was isolated from an oyster collected from the south sea in south korea, and was subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. strain tyo-19(t) grew optimally at 30 °c, at ph 7.0-8.0 and in the presence of 1.0-2.0% (w/v) nacl. phylogenetic trees based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that strain tyo-19(t) belonged to the genus winogradskyella, clustering coherently with the ... | 2015 | 25999595 |
| denman island disease in washington state, usa: distribution and prevalence in pacific and olympia oysters. | we sampled over 2400 wild, feral, and cultured pacific oysters crassostrea gigas and olympia oysters ostrea lurida in washington state, usa, from 2002 to 2006 to estimate the prevalence of infection with mikrocytos mackini, the causative agent of denman island disease. both histology and qualitative pcr methods were used. estimates of true prevalence of m. mackini infection in c. gigas, after accounting for imperfect test sensitivity, ranged from mean values of 0 to 10.0% by histology and 0 to 8 ... | 2015 | 25993889 |
| hemolymph microbiome of pacific oysters in response to temperature, temperature stress and infection. | microbiota provide their hosts with a range of beneficial services, including defense from external pathogens. however, host-associated microbial communities themselves can act as a source of opportunistic pathogens depending on the environment. marine poikilotherms and their microbiota are strongly influenced by temperature, but experimental studies exploring how temperature affects the interactions between both parties are rare. to assess the effects of temperature, temperature stress and infe ... | 2015 | 25180968 |
| proteomic and metabolomic responses of pacific oyster crassostrea gigas to elevated pco2 exposure. | the gradually increased atmospheric co2 partial pressure (pco2) has thrown the carbonate chemistry off balance and resulted in decreased seawater ph in marine ecosystem, termed ocean acidification (oa). anthropogenic oa is postulated to affect the physiology of many marine calcifying organisms. however, the susceptibility and metabolic pathways of change in most calcifying animals are still far from being well understood. in this work, the effects of exposure to elevated pco2 were characterized ... | 2015 | 25175059 |
| relationships between polychlorinated biphenyls in molluscs, hydrological characteristics and human pressures, within basque estuaries (northern spain). | interannual variability of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), measured in the soft tissues of mytilus galloprovincialis mussels and crassostrea gigas oysters, collected from estuarine waters within the basque country (bay of biscay), are investigated. samples were collected in the autumn, between 2002 and 2011. sites located within the ports of bilbao and pasaia showed the highest pcbs concentrations in molluscs; the lowest were observed in the mouth of the oka estuary, an area of low population ... | 2015 | 25150824 |
| lipophilic shellfish toxins in dinophysis caudata picked cells and in shellfish from the east china sea. | we reported previously that okadaic acid (oa) and dinophysistoxin-1 (dtx1) were responsible for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (dsp) incidents due to consuming cultivated mussels (mytilus galloprovincialis) in coastal cities near the east china sea in may 2011. pectenotoxin-2 (ptx2) and its seco acids were also present in these mussels. causative species of microalgae were not identified because detailed information on the location of the contaminated shellfish was not recorded. in order to expl ... | 2015 | 25233922 |
| temperature influences histone methylation and mrna expression of the jmj-c histone-demethylase orthologues during the early development of the oyster crassostrea gigas. | in many groups, epigenetic mechanisms influence developmental gene regulation under environmental inputs. the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas belongs to lophotrochozoans and its larval development is highly dependent on temperature, but the role of epigenetic mechanisms in this context is unknown despite high levels of the recently characterized jumonji histone demethylase (jhdm) orthologues (cg_jumonji) suggesting a physiological relevance of histone methylation in the oyster development. beca ... | 2015 | 25224965 |
| changes in protein expression of pacific oyster crassostrea gigas exposed in situ to urban sewage. | the composition and concentration of substances in urban effluents are complex and difficult to measure. these contaminants elicit biological responses in the exposed organisms. proteomic analysis is a powerful tool in environmental toxicology by evidencing alterations in protein expression due to exposure to contaminants and by providing a useful framework for the development of new potential biomarkers. the aim of this study was to determine changes in protein expression signatures (pes) in th ... | 2015 | 25398216 |
| persistent organic pollutants in a marine bivalve on the marennes-oléron bay and the gironde estuary (french atlantic coast) - part 1: bioaccumulation. | the aim of this study was to determine 1) the relevance of using the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas as a sentinel organism, at a juvenile stage, for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) and persistent organic pollutant (polychlorobiphenyl, pcb, polybromodimethylether, pbde, and organochlorine pesticide, ocp) contamination, 2) the potential levels of chemical organic contamination in the marennes-oléron bay, and their potential sources and 3) the potential influence of physiological or environ ... | 2015 | 25440063 |
| protein extracts of crassostrea gigas alleviate ccl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats by reducing the expression of ctgf, tgf-β1 and nf-κb in liver tissues. | hepatic fibrosis may contribute to liver carcinoma and the mortality of patients with hepatic fibrosis is gradually increasing. however, no definitive treatment has been established for hepatic fibrosis. the hepatic fibrotic process is reversible and can be controlled; therefore, the creation of novel and effective therapeutic methods to prevent or reverse the disease is required. the aim of the present study was to identify whether protein extracts from pacific oysters (pepo) could alleviate th ... | 2015 | 25434425 |
| discovery and validation of genic single nucleotide polymorphisms in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | the economic and ecological importance of the oyster necessitates further research on the molecular mechanisms, which both regulate the commercially important traits of the oyster and help it to survive in the variable marine environment. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) have been widely used to assess genetic variation and identify genes underlying target traits. in addition, high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis is a potentially powerful method for validating candidate snps. in this stu ... | 2015 | 24823694 |
| in vivo effects of metaldehyde on pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas: comparing hemocyte parameters in two oyster families. | pollutants via run-off into the ocean represent a potential threat to marine organisms, especially bivalves such as oysters living in coastal environments. these organisms filter large volumes of seawater and may accumulate contaminants within their tissues. pesticide contamination in water could have a direct or indirect toxic action on tissues or cells and could induce alteration of immune system. bivalve immunity is mainly supported by hemocytes and participates directly by phagocytosis to el ... | 2015 | 24938813 |
| proteomic basis of stress responses in the gills of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas is one of the dominant sessile inhabitants of the estuarine intertidal zone, which is a physically harsh environment due to the presence of a number of stressors. oysters have adapted to highly dynamic and stressful environments, but the molecular mechanisms underlying such stress adaptation are largely unknown. in the present study, we examined the proteomic responses in the gills of c. gigas exposed to three stressors (high temperature, low salinity, and ae ... | 2015 | 25389644 |
| polymorphism of metallothionein genes in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas as a biomarker of response to metal exposure. | quantification of metallothioneins (mts) is classically associated with a cellular response to heavy metal contamination and is used in the monitoring of disturbed ecosystems. despite the characterization of several mt genes in marine bivalves, only a few genetic studies have used mt genes as potential biomarkers of pollution. the aim of this study was to assess whether mt gene polymorphism could be used to monitor exposure of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas to heavy metals and to develop s ... | 2015 | 12581480 |
| genetic responses to metal contamination in two clams: ruditapes decussatus and ruditapes philippinarum. | coastal ecosystems are subjected to a wide variety of disturbances, including those due to xenobiotics of agricultural and industrial origin. these pollutants as heavy metals can modify the genetic diversity of populations by favouring or counter-selecting certain alleles or genotypes by differential mortality. in the present study, two genetic markers (phosphoglucomutase and glucosephosphate isomerase) and a protein marker (metallothionein) were monitored in order to determine the impact of hea ... | 2015 | 12408612 |
| expression and activity of a multixenobiotic resistance system in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | the multidrug resistance (mdr) mechanism corresponds to a defence system relying on the expression of high molecular membrane proteins that can actively lower the intracellular concentration of a wide variety of toxins, thus maintaining them below their toxic level. using rt-pcr, expression levels of a gene belonging to the class i of mammalian mdr genes, has been assessed in different developmental stages of the oyster crassostrea gigas. while no expression was found in the oocyte or the trocop ... | 2015 | 12408601 |
| use of metallothionein in gills from oysters (crassostrea gigas) as a biomarker: seasonal and intersite fluctuations. | the use of oyster gills for the analytical determination of metallothionein (mt) concentration as a biomarker of metal exposure was investigated. temporal variations in mt and metal concentrations (which can interfere with inter-site differences) were examined over a 7 month period (from spring to autumn) in japanese oysters from a clean site (bay of bourgneuf, france) and a metal-rich site (gironde estuary, france) as well as in individuals translocated from the clean to the contaminated area. ... | 2015 | 12101632 |
| emerging and endemic types of ostreid herpesvirus 1 were detected in bivalves in china. | viral infection caused by ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1) is one of the proximate causes of mass mortalities of cultivated bivalves around the world. the emergence and spread of different variants of oshv-1 accompanied by different epidemiological characteristics have been reported frequently in different countries around the world. in this paper, we present a study of the detection of oshv-1 dna and their variations from 1599 samples over 18 species collected in 27 aquaculture sites and two food ... | 2015 | 25483846 |
| development of an in situ hybridization assay for the detection of ostreid herpesvirus type 1 mrnas in the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. | an in situ hybridization protocol for detecting mrnas of ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (oshv-1) which infects pacific oysters, crassostrea gigas, was developed. three rna probes were synthesized by cloning three partial oshv-1 genes into plasmids using three specific primer pairs, and performing a transcription in the presence of digoxigenin dutp. the rna probes were able to detect the virus mrnas in paraffin sections of experimentally infected oysters 26 h post-injection. the in situ hybridization ... | 2015 | 25455903 |
| dual analysis of host and pathogen transcriptomes in ostreid herpesvirus 1-positive crassostrea gigas. | ostreid herpesvirus type 1 (oshv-1) has become a problematic infective agent for the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. in particular, the oshv-1 μvar subtype has been associated with severe mortality episodes in oyster spat and juvenile oysters in france and other regions of the world. factors enhancing the infectivity of the virus and its interactions with susceptible and resistant bivalve hosts are still to be understood, and only few studies have explored the expression of oyster or viral gen ... | 2015 | 25384719 |
| can selection for resistance to oshv-1 infection modify susceptibility to vibrio aestuarianus infection in crassostrea gigas? first insights from experimental challenges using primary and successive exposures. | since 2008, the emergent virus oshv-1µvar has provoked massive mortality events in crassostrea gigas spat and juveniles in france. since 2012, mortality driven by the pathogenic bacteria vibrio aestuarianus has stricken market-sized adults. a hypothesis to explain the sudden increase in mortality observed in france since 2012 is that selective pressure due to recurrent viral infections could have led to a higher susceptibility of adults to vibrio infection. in our study, two oshv-1-resistant lin ... | 2015 | 26646058 |
| a novel phagocytic receptor (cgnimc) from pacific oyster crassostrea gigas with lipopolysaccharide and gram-negative bacteria binding activity. | phagocytosis is an evolutionarily conserved process to ingest the invading microbes and apoptotic or necrotic corpses, playing vital roles in defensing invaders and maintenance of normal physiological conditions. in the present study, a new nimrod family phagocytic receptor with three egf-like domains was identified in pacific oyster crassostrea gigas (designated cgnimc). cgnimc shared homology with other identified multiple egf-like domain containing proteins. the mrna transcripts of cgnimc wer ... | 2015 | 25541078 |
| detection of undescribed ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1) specimens from pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. | the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1) and variants were implicated in mass mortality affecting the young pacific cupped oysters, crassostrea gigas, in european countries and those around the world. from 2008 onwards, oyster mortality had greatly increased on the french coast and was associated with the detection of a new oshv-1 variant, entitled oshv-1 μvar. the oshv-1 μvar is predominant in oysters; however, other oshv-1 variants have been detected in samples collected during mortality periods or ... | 2015 | 26527255 |
| crassostrea gigas mortality in france: the usual suspect, a herpes virus, may not be the killer in this polymicrobial opportunistic disease. | successive disease outbreaks in oyster (crassostrea gigas) beds in france have resulted in dramatic losses in production, and subsequent decline in the oyster-farming industry. deaths of juvenile oysters have been associated with the presence of a herpes virus (oshv-1 μvar) and bacterial populations of the genus vibrio. although the pathogenicity of oshv-1 μvar, as well as several strains of vibrio has been demonstrated by experimental infections, our understanding of the complexity of infection ... | 2015 | 26217318 |
| pesticides and ostreid herpesvirus 1 infection in the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. | since 2008, mass mortality outbreaks have been reported in all french regions producing pacific oysters, and in several member states of the european union. these mass mortality events of pacific oysters are related to oshv-1 infection. they occur during spring and summer periods leaving suspect the quality of the marine environment and the role of seasonal use of pesticides associated with the arrival of freshwater in oyster rearing areas. pesticides have been also detected in french coastal wa ... | 2015 | 26107171 |
| new insight for the genetic evaluation of resistance to ostreid herpesvirus infection, a worldwide disease, in crassostrea gigas. | the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas, is the most important commercial oyster species cultivated in the world. meanwhile, the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1) is one of the major pathogens affecting the pacific oyster, and numerous mortality outbreaks related to this pathogen are now reported worldwide. to assess the genetic basis of resistance to oshv-1 infection in spat c. gigas and to facilitate breeding programs for such a trait, if any exist, we compared the mortality of half- and full-sib f ... | 2015 | 26039375 |
| transcriptome analysis reveals strong and complex antiviral response in a mollusc. | viruses are highly abundant in the oceans, and how filter-feeding molluscs without adaptive immunity defend themselves against viruses is not well understood. we studied the response of a mollusc crassostrea gigas to ostreid herpesvirus 1 µvar (oshv-1μvar) infections using transcriptome sequencing. oshv-1μvar can replicate extremely rapidly after challenge of c. gigas as evidenced by explosive viral transcription and dna synthesis, which peaked at 24 and 48 h post-inoculation, respectively, acco ... | 2015 | 26004318 |
| experimental infections of pacific oyster crassostrea gigas using the australian ostreid herpesvirus-1 (oshv-1) µvar strain. | in australia, the spread of the ostreid herpesvirus-1 microvariant (oshv-1 µvar) threatens the pacific oyster industry. there is an urgent need to develop an experimental infection model in order to study the pathogenesis of the virus under controlled laboratory conditions. the present study constitutes the first attempt to use archived frozen oysters as a source of inoculum, based on the australian oshv-1 µvar strain. experiments were conducted to test (1) virus infectivity, (2) the dose-respon ... | 2015 | 25751856 |
| resistance of black-lip learl oyster, pinctada margaritifera, to infection by ostreid herpes virus 1μvar under experimental challenge may be mediated by humoral antiviral activity. | ostreid herpesvirus 1 (oshv-1) has induced mass mortalities of the larvae and spat of pacific oysters, crassostrea gigas, in europe and, more recently, in oceania. the production of pearls from the black-lip pearl oyster, pinctada margaritifera, represents the second largest source of income to the economies of french polynesia and many pacific island nations that could be severely compromised in the event of a disease outbreak. coincidentally with the occurrence of oshv-1 in the southern hemisp ... | 2015 | 25712854 |
| expression and function analysis of two naturally truncated myd88 variants in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | myeloid differentiation factor 88 (myd88) is the classic signaling adaptor that mediates toll/interleukin-1 receptor (tir/il-1r) dependent activation of nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-κb). in this study, two naturally truncated myd88 members were identified from the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas), namely cgmyd88-t1 and cgmyd88-t2. the full-length cdna of cgmyd88-t1, cgmyd88-t2 are 976 bp and 1038 bp in length, containing an orf of 552 bp and 555 bp, respectively. the two orf encode a putative pr ... | 2015 | 25963623 |
| genetic improvement for disease resistance in oysters: a review. | oyster species suffer from numerous disease outbreaks, often causing high mortality. because the environment cannot be controlled, genetic improvement for disease resistance to pathogens is an attractive option to reduce their impact on oyster production. we review the literature on selective breeding programs for disease resistance in oyster species, and the impact of triploidy on such resistance. significant response to selection to improve disease resistance was observed in all studies after ... | 2015 | 26037230 |
| cgil17-5, an ancient inflammatory cytokine in crassostrea gigas exhibiting the heterogeneity functions compared with vertebrate interleukin17 molecules. | interleukin 17 (il17) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in immune response. recently, five novel il17 homologs have been identified by screening and analyzing the genome of pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. in the present study, the functions of cgil17-5 were investigated by examining the distribution of its mrna and protein, ligands binding and modulation in immune response. the mrna expression levels of cgil17-5 in hemocytes of oysters post twice challenges of vibrio s ... | 2015 | 26257382 |
| a c1q domain containing protein from crassostrea gigas serves as pattern recognition receptor and opsonin with high binding affinity to lps. | c1q proteins serve as pattern recognition receptors and involve in the pathogen recognition and complement pathway activation. in the present study, a novel c1q domain containing protein from crassostrea gigas (designated cgc1qdc-1) was isolated by liposaccharide-sepharose 6b affinity chromatography. the coding sequence of cgc1qdc-1 gene was determined by performing a homologous search of eight tryptic peptides identified by maldi-tof/tof-ms against the genome of c. gigas. the coding sequence of ... | 2015 | 26002640 |
| functional analysis of pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) β-thymosin: focus on antimicrobial activity. | an antimicrobial peptide, ∼5 kda in size, was isolated and purified in its active form from the mantle of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas by c18 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight analysis revealed 4656.4 da of the purified and unreduced peptide. a comparison of the n-terminal amino acid sequence of oyster antimicrobial peptide with deduced amino acid sequences in our local expressed sequence tag (est) database o ... | 2015 | 25842181 |
| a european epidemiological survey of vibrio splendidus clade shows unexplored diversity and massive exchange of virulence factors. | the vibrio splendidus clade has previously been associated with epidemic outbreaks of various aquatic animals, as in the case of the cupped oyster, crassostrea gigas. to investigate whether involved strains could present a clonal origin and to identify possible alternative background carriage animals or zooplankton, a large epidemiological survey was conducted on isolates of the splendidus clade. for this purpose, vibrio strains were isolated from various samples including oysters, mussels, sedi ... | 2015 | 25586509 |
| factors other than metalloprotease are required for full virulence of french vibrio tubiashii isolates in oyster larvae. | vibrio tubiashii is a marine pathogen isolated from larval and juvenile bivalve molluscs that causes bacillary necrosis. recent studies demonstrated the isolation of this species in a french experimental hatchery/nursery affecting crassostrea gigas spat in 2007. here, using larvae of c. gigas as an interaction model, we showed that the french v. tubiashii is virulent to larvae and can cause bacillary necrosis symptoms with an ld50 of about 2.3 × 10(3) c.f.u. ml(-1) after 24 h. moreover, complete ... | 2015 | 25701736 |
| the insect chemoreceptor superfamily is ancient in animals. | the insect chemoreceptor superfamily consists of 2 gene families, the highly diverse gustatory receptors (grs) found in all arthropods with sequenced genomes and the odorant receptors that evolved from a gr lineage and have been found only in insects to date. here, i describe relatives of the insect chemoreceptor superfamily, specifically the basal gr family, in diverse other animals, showing that the superfamily dates back at least to early animal evolution. gr-like (grl) genes are present in t ... | 2015 | 26354932 |
| the comprehensive immunomodulation of neurimmirs in haemocytes of oyster crassostrea gigas after acetylcholine and norepinephrine stimulation. | neural-endocrine-immune (nei) system is a major modulation network among the nervous, endocrine and immune system and weights greatly in maintaining homeostasis of organisms during stress and infection. some micrornas are found interacting with nei system (designated neurimmirs), addressing swift modulations on immune system. the oyster crassostrea gigas, as an intertidal bivalve, has evolved a primary nei system. however, the knowledge about neurimmirs in oysters remains largely unknown. | 2015 | 26576764 |
| p63 gene structure in the phylum mollusca. | roles of p53 family ancestor (p63) in the organisms' response to stressful environmental conditions (mainly pollution) have been studied among molluscs, especially in the genus mytilus, within the last 15 years. nevertheless, information about gene structure of this regulatory gene in molluscs is scarce. here we report the first complete genomic structure of the p53 family orthologue in the mollusc mediterranean mussel mytilus galloprovincialis and confirm its similarity to vertebrate p63 gene. ... | 2015 | 25936268 |
| multi-residue method for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and some of their metabolites in bivalves. | a fast, simple and robust method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of 23 pharmaceuticals (including some major metabolites) in bivalve mollusks. the analytes belong to eight different therapeutic groups: antibiotics, psychiatric drugs, analgesics/anti-inflammatories, tranquilizer, calcium channel blockers, diuretic, and prostatic hyperplasia. the method is based on pressurized liquid extraction (ple) followed by solid phase extraction clean-up (spe), and ultra performance liq ... | 2015 | 25703000 |
| mass mortality in bivalves and the intricate case of the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. | massive mortality outbreaks in cultured bivalves have been reported worldwide and they have been associated with infection by a range of viral and bacterial pathogens. due to their economic and social impact, these episodes constitute a particularly sensitive issue in pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) production. since 2008, mortality outbreaks affecting c. gigas have increased in terms of intensity and geographic distribution. epidemiologic surveys have lead to the incrimination of pathogens, ... | 2015 | 26210497 |
| novel quantitative taqman® mgb real-time pcr for sensitive detection of vibrio aestuarianus in crassostrea gigas. | validation of a novel quantitative real-time pcr using taqman® minor groove binder (mgb) chemistry is described for sensitive and rapid detection of vibrio aestuarianus, an increasingly important pathogen of pacific cupped oyster crassostrea gigas aquaculture. primers and taqman® mgb hydrolysis probe were designed to specifically amplify a 58bp dna fragment of the v. aestuarianus dnaj gene. real-time pcr selectivity was empirically tested using dna extracted from isolates of v. aestuarianus and ... | 2015 | 26036831 |
| susceptibility of vibrio aestuarianus 01/032 to the antibacterial activity of mytilus haemolymph: identification of a serum opsonin involved in mannose-sensitive interactions. | the interactions of vibrio aestuarianus 01/032 with haemolymph of the bivalves mytilus galloprovincialis and crassostrea gigas were investigated to understand if haemolymph components (haemocytes and soluble factors) could be involved in the higher resistance to microbial infection shown by mussels in comparison with oysters. although 01/032 bacteria adhered to haemocytes of both bivalves, they were sensitive to the bactericidal activity of whole haemolymph from mussel, but not from oyster; in a ... | 2015 | 25655520 |
| mortalities of eastern and pacific oyster larvae caused by the pathogens vibrio coralliilyticus and vibrio tubiashii. | vibrio tubiashii is reported to be a bacterial pathogen of larval eastern oysters (crassostrea virginica) and pacific oysters (crassostrea gigas) and has been associated with major hatchery crashes, causing shortages in seed oysters for commercial shellfish producers. another bacterium, vibrio coralliilyticus, a well-known coral pathogen, has recently been shown to elicit mortality in fish and shellfish. several strains of v. coralliilyticus, such as atcc 19105 and pacific isolates re22 and re98 ... | 2015 | 25344234 |
| long-term study of vibrio parahaemolyticus prevalence and distribution in new zealand shellfish. | the food-borne pathogen vibrio parahaemolyticus has been reported as being present in new zealand (nz) seawaters, but there have been no reported outbreaks of food-borne infection from commercially grown nz seafood. our study determined the current incidence of v. parahaemolyticus in nz oysters and greenshell mussels and the prevalence of v. parahaemolyticus tdh and trh strains. pacific (235) and dredge (21) oyster samples and mussel samples (55) were obtained from commercial shellfish-growing a ... | 2015 | 25616790 |
| a novel molluscan fos gene with immune defense function identified in the hong kong oyster, crassostrea hongkongensis. | the transcription factor fos is a member of one of the best-studied ap-1 sub-families and has been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes, including the regulation of apoptosis, immune responses and cytokine production. in this report, a novel mollusk fos (referred to as chfos) gene was cloned and characterized from the hong kong oyster, crassostrea hongkongensis. the deduced chfos protein sequence comprised 333 amino acids and shared significant homology with invertebrate homologs ... | 2015 | 25841657 |
| characterization of an inhibitor of apoptosis protein in crassostrea gigas clarifies its role in apoptosis and immune defense. | the inhibitor of apoptosis (iap) proteins maintain a balance between cell proliferation and cell death by inhibiting caspase activity and facilitating immune responses. in this study, phylogenetic analysis revealed lineage-specific expansion and tandem duplication of iaps in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. we then investigated a representative oyster-specific xiap-like gene (cgiap2) to understand how it regulates initiator caspase. cloning of full-length cgiap2 from oyster cdna uncovered a ... | 2015 | 25720977 |
| pacific oyster polyamine oxidase: a protein missing link in invertebrate evolution. | polyamine oxidases catalyse the oxidation of polyamines and acetylpolyamines and are responsible for the polyamine interconversion metabolism in animal cells. polyamine oxidases from yeast can oxidize spermine, n(1)-acetylspermine, and n(1)-acetylspermidine, while in vertebrates two different enzymes, namely spermine oxidase and acetylpolyamine oxidase, specifically catalyse the oxidation of spermine, and n(1)-acetylspermine/n(1)-acetylspermidine, respectively. in this work we proved that the sp ... | 2015 | 25655384 |
| prostaglandin e receptor 4 (ptger4) involved in host protection against immune challenge in oyster, crassostrea hongkongensis. | prostaglandin e receptor 4 (ptger4) is an essential receptor that can detect various physiological and pathological stimuli and has been implicated in a wide variety of biological processes, including the regulation of immune responses, cytokine production, and apoptosis. in this report, the first mollusk ptger4, referred to as chptger4, was cloned and characterized from the hong kong oyster crassostrea hongkongensis. its full-length cdna is 1734 bp in length, including 5'- and 3'-untranslated r ... | 2015 | 25463295 |
| an integrin from oyster crassostrea gigas mediates the phagocytosis toward vibrio splendidus through lps binding activity. | integrins are a family of cell adhesion molecules which play important roles in the regulation of cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis and phagocytosis. in the present study, the immune function of an integrin from the oyster crassostrea gigas (designated cgintegrin) was characterized to understand the regulatory mechanism of hemocyte phagocytosis toward different microbes. the full-length cdna of cgintegrin was 2571 bp with an open reading frame (orf) of 2397 bp, encoding a polype ... | 2015 | 26190497 |
| a single-crd c-type lectin from oyster crassostrea gigas mediates immune recognition and pathogen elimination with a potential role in the activation of complement system. | c-type lectins (ctls), serving as pattern recognition receptors (prrs), are a superfamily of ca(2+)-dependent carbohydrate-recognition proteins that participate in nonself-recognition and pathogen elimination. in the present study, a single carbohydrate-recognition domain (crd) ctl was identified from oyster crassostrea gigas (designated as cgclec-2). there was only one crd within the deduced amino acid sequence of cgclec-2 consisting of 129 amino acid residues. a conserved epn (glu246-pro247-as ... | 2015 | 25800112 |
| developing tools for the study of molluscan immunity: the sequencing of the genome of the eastern oyster, crassostrea virginica. | the eastern oyster, crassostrea virginica, provides important ecological and economical services, making it the target of restoration projects and supporting a significant fishery/aquaculture industry with landings valued at more than $100 million in 2012 in the united states of america. due to the impact of infectious diseases on wild, restored, and cultured populations, the eastern oyster has been the focus of studies on host-pathogen interactions and immunity, as well as the target of selecti ... | 2015 | 25982405 |
| identification and expression analysis of the msp130-related-2 gene from hyriopsis cumingii. | msp130-related-2 is thought to play a role in bio-mineralization as revealed in crassostrea gigas and sea urchins. in this study, an msp130-related-2 gene was isolated from hyriopsis cumingii (hcmsp130-related-2) and characterized for the first time. the hcmsp130-related-2 cdna was 2307 bp in length and consisted of a 572-bp 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr), a 1239-bp open reading frame encoding 430-amino acid residues, and a 439-bp 3'-utr. the molecular weight of the peptide was predicted to be ... | 2015 | 25966265 |
| evolution of a novel nuclear receptor subfamily with emphasis on the member from the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | nuclear receptors (nrs) belong to the transcription factor superfamily that regulates development, homeostasis, differentiation, and reproduction in metazoans via control of gene expression. recently, rapid advances in genome projects on various metazoans have provided new opportunities for studying the evolution and function of nrs. typically structured nrs are divided into six subfamilies. here, the gene for a typically structured nr (cgnr8a1) was cloned from the pacific oyster crassostrea gig ... | 2015 | 25956376 |
| candidate gene polymorphisms and their association with glycogen content in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas is an important cultivated shellfish that is rich in nutrients. it contains high levels of glycogen, which is of high nutritional value. to investigate the genetic basis of this high glycogen content and its variation, we conducted a candidate gene association analysis using a wild population, and confirmed our results using an independent population, via targeted gene resequencing and mrna expression analysis. | 2015 | 25951187 |
| regulation of hox orthologues in the oyster crassostrea gigas evidences a functional role for promoter dna methylation in an invertebrate. | dna methylation within promoter regions (prdm) controls vertebrate early gene transcription and thereby development, but is neglected outside this group. however, epigenetic features in the oyster crassostrea gigas suggest functional significance of pdrm in invertebrates. to investigate this, reporter constructs containing in vitro methylated oyster hox gene promoters were transfected into oyster embryos. the influence of in vivo methylation was studied using bisulfite sequencing and dna methylt ... | 2015 | 25943713 |
| molecular detection of mikrocytos mackini in pacific oysters using quantitative pcr. | mikrocytos mackini is an internationally regulated pathogen and causative agent of denman island disease in pacific oysters crassostrea gigas. recent phylogenetic breakthroughs have placed this parasite within a highly divergent and globally distributed eukaryotic lineage that has been designated a new taxonomic order, mikrocytida. the discovery of this new radiation of parasites is accompanied by a heightened awareness of the many knowledge gaps that exist with respect to the general biology, e ... | 2015 | 25936954 |
| repertoire and evolution of tnf superfamily in crassostrea gigas: implications for expansion and diversification of this superfamily in mollusca. | tumor necrosis factor superfamily (tnfsf) members represent a group of cytokines participating in diverse immunological, pathological and developmental pathways. however, compared with deuterostomia and cnidaia, the composition and evolution of tnf homologous in protostomia are still not well understood. in the present study, a total of 81 tnf superfamily (tnfsf) genes from 15 mollusk species, including 23 tnfsf genes from crassostrea gigas, were surveyed by genome-wide bioinformatics analysis. ... | 2015 | 25910814 |
| the enkephalinergic nervous system and its immunomodulation on the developing immune system during the ontogenesis of oyster crassostrea gigas. | enkephalinergic neuroendocrine-immune regulatory system is one of the most important neuroendocrine-immune systems in both vertebrates and invertebrates for its significant role in the immune regulation. in the present study, the early onset of enkephalinergic nervous system and its immunomodulation on the developing immune system during the ontogenesis of oyster crassostrea gigas were investigated to illustrate the function of neural regulation on the innate immune system in oyster larvae. [met ... | 2015 | 25907641 |
| disruption of amylase genes by rna interference affects reproduction in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | feeding strategies and digestive capacities can have important implications for variation in energetic pathways associated with ecological and economically important traits, such as growth or reproduction in bivalve species. here, we investigated the role of amylase in the digestive processes of crassostrea gigas, using in vivo rna interference. this approach also allowed us to investigate the relationship between energy intake by feeding and gametogenesis in oysters. double-stranded (ds)rna des ... | 2015 | 25883379 |
| effect of linear alkylbenzene mixtures and sanitary sewage in biochemical and molecular responses in pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | urban effluents are rich in nutrients, organic matter, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (ppcps), pesticides, hydrocarbons, surfactants, and others. previous studies have shown that oysters crassostrea gigas accumulate significant levels of linear alkylbenzenes (labs) in sanitary sewage contaminated sites, but there is little information about its toxicological effects in marine bivalves. the aim of this study was to analyze the transcription of genes in two tissues of c. gigas exposed ... | 2015 | 25869438 |
| hepatoprotective effect of a polysaccharide from crassostrea gigas on acute and chronic models of liver injury. | a water-soluble polysaccharide was isolated from crassostrea gigas (cgps-1) by hot-water extraction, isoelectric precipitation, hydrolysis and ultrafiltration without using ethanol. based on the calibration with dextran, cgps-1 had a molecular weight of approximately 6.5×10(6) da. cgps-1 was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and (1)h and (13)c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. based on the data, cgps-1 was found to be a uniform ... | 2015 | 25869310 |
| assessment of growth, genotoxic responses and expression of stress related genes in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas following chronic exposure to ionizing radiation. | marine organisms are exposed to low doses of anthropogenic contaminants during their entire life. authorized amounts of radionuclides are discharged in the channel by nuclear facilities. the pacific oyster was used to investigate the potential impact of chronic exposure to ionizing radiation. though we exposed larvae and spat for two weeks to much higher concentrations than those encountered near nuclear facilities, oyster growth and expression of 9 selected stress genes were not significantly c ... | 2015 | 25843441 |
| identification and functional analysis of a novel ifn-like protein (cgifnlp) in crassostrea gigas. | interferons (ifns) belong to class ii helical cytokines family with pleiotropic biological activities, which have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in innate and adaptive immunity in vertebrates. in the present study, a novel ifn-like protein (designed cgifnlp) was identified from oyster crassostrea gigas, which contained an interferon domain from 14 to 97 amino acids showing low sequence similarities with vertebrates ifns, but shared a similar three-dimensional structure with class ii hel ... | 2015 | 25812419 |
| cloning and characterization of three suppressors of cytokine signaling (socs) genes from the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas. | members of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) family are crucial for the control of a variety of signal transduction pathways that are involved in the immunity, growth and development of organisms. however, in mollusks, the identity and function of socs proteins remain largely unclear. in the present study, three socs genes, cgsocs2, cgsocs5 and cgsocs7, have been identified by searching and analyzing the pacific oyster genome. structural analysis indicated that the cgsocs share conserv ... | 2015 | 25804492 |
| essential fatty acid assimilation and synthesis in larvae of the bivalve crassostrea gigas. | essential fatty acids (efa) are important for bivalve larval survival and growth. the purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess for the first time through a mass-balance approach dietary efa incorporation and synthesis within crassostrea gigas larvae. a first experiment was carried out using two microalgae, tisochrysis lutea (t) and chaetoceros neogracile (cg), as mono- and bi-specific diets. a second experiment using a similar design was performed to confirm and extend the results obta ... | 2015 | 25771891 |
| the new insights into the oyster antimicrobial defense: cellular, molecular and genetic view. | oysters are sessile filter feeders that live in close association with abundant and diverse communities of microorganisms that form the oyster microbiota. in such an association, cellular and molecular mechanisms have evolved to maintain oyster homeostasis upon stressful conditions including infection and changing environments. we give here cellular and molecular insights into the crassostrea gigas antimicrobial defense system with focus on antimicrobial peptides and proteins (amps). this review ... | 2015 | 25753917 |
| preliminary investigations of toxicity in the georges bay catchment, tasmania, australia. | north-eastern tasmania, australia has been an area of major production for pacific oysters (crassostrea gigas) for over 25 years. since the mid-1990s, increased oyster mortality has been observed. the purpose of the present study was to identify the agent causing aquatic toxicity and to investigate whether there is a chemical and/or toxicological link between river foam and monoculture timber plantation forests of exotic eucalypts (eucalyptus nitens) present in the catchment area. foam samples f ... | 2015 | 25745193 |
| correction: comparative transcriptome analysis of two oysters, crassostrea gigas and crassostrea hongkongensis provides insights into adaptation to hypo-osmotic conditions. | 2015 | 25742602 | |
| massive expansion and functional divergence of innate immune genes in a protostome. | the molecules that mediate innate immunity are encoded by relatively few genes and exhibit broad specificity. detailed annotation of the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) genome, a protostome invertebrate, reveals large-scale duplication and divergence of multigene families encoding molecules that effect innate immunity. transcriptome analyses indicate dynamic and orchestrated specific expression of numerous innate immune genes in response to experimental challenge with pathogens, including bac ... | 2015 | 25732911 |
| genetically determined variation in developmental physiology of bivalve larvae (crassostrea gigas). | understanding the complex interactions that regulate growth and form is a central question in developmental physiology. we used experimental crosses of pedigreed lines of the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas, to investigate genetically determined variations in larval growth and nutrient transport. we show that (i) transport rates at 10 and 100 μm glycine scale differentially with size; (ii) size-specific maximum transport capacity (jmax) is genetically determined; and (iii) jmax serves as an ea ... | 2015 | 25730268 |
| adaptation to enemy shifts: rapid resistance evolution to local vibrio spp. in invasive pacific oysters. | one hypothesis for the success of invasive species is reduced pathogen burden, resulting from a release from infections or high immunological fitness of invaders. despite strong selection exerted on the host, the evolutionary response of invaders to newly acquired pathogens has rarely been considered. the two independent and genetically distinct invasions of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas into the north sea represent an ideal model system to study fast evolutionary responses of invasive po ... | 2015 | 25716784 |
| development of a comet-fish assay for the detection of dna damage in hemocytes of crassostrea gigas. | in this work, the dna-damaging effect of hydrogen peroxide on the structural integrity of nucleolar organizer regions (nors) was studied for the first time by comet-fish in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. global dna damage was assessed in hemocytes using an alkaline version of the comet assay. next, nor sensitivity was analyzed by mapping major rdna repeat unit by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) on the same comet slides. exposure of hemocytes to 100 μm of hydrogen peroxide induce ... | 2015 | 25710447 |
| persistent organic pollutants in a marine bivalve on the marennes-oléron bay and the gironde estuary (french atlantic coast) - part 2: potential biological effects. | contaminant effects on defence responses of ecologically and economically important organisms, such as the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas, are likely to influence their ability to resist infectious diseases, particularly at the young stages. the aim of this study was to explore the potential relationships between organic contaminants accumulated in the soft tissues of juvenile oysters, defence responses and physiological condition. oysters were transplanted during summer and winter periods in ... | 2015 | 25666833 |
| highly diverse fibrinogen-related proteins in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | fibrinogen-related proteins (freps) are a family of proteins with high sequence diversity, and they play crucial roles in invertebrate immune response. however, few studies have characterized this diversity at the whole-genome level. in the present study, approximately 190 predicted freps with more than 200 fibrinogen-like (fbg) domains were identified in the genome of the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas), suggesting a historical expansion of this protein family. a sequence analysis showed hig ... | 2015 | 25655328 |
| reinforcing the egg-timer: recruitment of novel lophotrochozoa homeobox genes to early and late development in the pacific oyster. | the metazoan superclade lophotrochozoa includes mollusks, annelids, and several other animal phyla. it is reasonable to assume that this organismal diversity may be traced, in part, to changes in developmentally important genes, such as the homeobox genes. although most comparative studies have focussed on ancient homeobox gene families conserved across bilaterians, there are also "novel" homeobox genes that have arisen more recently in evolution, presumably by duplication followed by radical di ... | 2015 | 25631164 |
| anti-apoptotic effects of novel phenolic antioxidant isolated from the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) on cultured human hepatocytes under oxidative stress. | the antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties of 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (dhmba), a natural phenolic antioxidant isolated from the pacific oyster, were defined using cultured human hepatocyte-derived cells (c3a). dhmba showed no cytotoxicity at 62.5-500μm, as well as chlorogenic acid (cga), vitamin c, and vitamin e. however, butylated hydroxytoluene, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and catechin reduced cell viability. in the presence of the prooxidant 2,2'-azobis(2-a ... | 2015 | 25624228 |
| differential gene transcription, biochemical responses, and cytotoxicity assessment in pacific oyster crassostrea gigas exposed to ibuprofen. | pharmaceuticals, such as anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs, are frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems. studies about the effects of these substances in nontarget organisms, such as bivalves, are relevant. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on antioxidant status caused by ibuprofen (ibu) in oysters crassostrea gigas exposed for 1, 4, and 7 days at concentrations 1 and 100 μg l(-1). levels of ibu in tissues of oysters, as well as cell viability of hemocytes, were measured. th ... | 2015 | 25595931 |
| influence of crassostrea gigas on the permeability and microstructure of the surface layer of concrete exposed to the tidal zone of the yellow sea. | concrete exposed to the tidal zone of the yellow sea and bearing crassostrea gigas (cg) with differing areal coverages was investigated for evidence of biologically induced corrosion prevention. the experimental results indicated that both the chloride ion profile and the neutralization depth of the concrete decreased with increasing cg coverage. moreover, the water absorption rate and the chloride ion permeability of concrete with the original surface intact also declined with increasing degree ... | 2015 | 25584410 |
| influences of developmental stages, protective additives and concentrations of cryoprotective agents on the cryopreservation of pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) larvae. | the selection of the optimal developmental stage, appropriate cryoprotectants (cpas) and their concentrations is important for successful cryopreservation. | 2015 | 25583009 |
| expression and immunohistochemical localization of the cytochrome p450 isoform 356a1 (cyp356a1) in oyster crassostrea gigas. | cytochrome p450 family (cyp) is a group of proteins virtually found in all living organisms. the main role of most cyps is to metabolize endo and xenobiotics. most of the studies on cyp have been carried out in mammals and other vertebrates, however recently a growing interest has been devoted to the identification of cyp isoforms in invertebrates. a gene belonging to the cyp sub-family, cyp356a1, was identified in sanitary sewage-exposed pacific oysters, crassostrea gigas. through heterologous ... | 2015 | 25569847 |
| combined metabolome and proteome analysis of the mantle tissue from pacific oyster crassostrea gigas exposed to elevated pco2. | ocean acidification (oa) has been found to affect an array of normal physiological processes in mollusks, especially posing a significant threat to the fabrication process of mollusk shell. in the current study, the impact of exposure to elevated pco2 condition was investigated in mantle tissue of crassostrea gigas by an integrated metabolomic and proteomic approach. analysis of metabolome and proteome revealed that elevated pco2 could affect energy metabolism in oyster c. gigas, marked by diffe ... | 2015 | 25559488 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of a pearl oyster (pinctada martensii) heat shock protein 90 (hsp90). | heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) is an important molecular chaperone required for proper folding of cellular proteins, and thus, it plays an essential role in protecting cells from damage during stress. in this study, an hsp90 cdna designated pmhsp90 was cloned from the mantle tissue of the pearl oyster pinctada martensii using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) coupled with the rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approach. pmhsp90 cdna was 2584 bp in length, including an ... | 2015 | 26782528 |
| identification of thyroid hormones and functional characterization of thyroid hormone receptor in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas provide insight into evolution of the thyroid hormone system. | thyroid hormones (ths) play important roles in development, metamorphosis, and metabolism in vertebrates. during the past century, th functions were regarded as a synapomorphy of vertebrates. more recently, accumulating evidence has gradually convinced us that th functions also occur in invertebrate chordates. to date, however, th-related studies in non-chordate invertebrates have been limited. in this study, ths were qualitatively detected by two reliable methods (hplc and lc/ms) in a well-stud ... | 2015 | 26710071 |
| preventive effect of 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (dhmba) and zinc, components of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas, on glutamatergic neuron activity in the hippocampus. | the effects of 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (dhmba), and zinc--both components of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas--were examined by glutamatergic neuron activity in rats in an in vivo microdialysis experiment and an in vitro brain slice experiment. the basal concentration of extracellular glutamate in the hippocampus was decreased under hippocampal perfusion with dhmba (1 mmol l(-1)) or zncl2 (μmol l(-1)), indicating that dhmba and zn(2+) suppress glutamatergic neuron activity unde ... | 2015 | 26695827 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas characterized by shell colors: identification of genetic bases potentially involved in pigmentation. | shell color polymorphisms of mollusca have contributed to development of evolutionary biology and population genetics, while the genetic bases and molecular mechanisms underlying shell pigmentation are poorly understood. the pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) is one of the most important farmed oysters worldwide. through successive family selection, four shell color variants (white, golden, black and partially pigmented) of c. gigas have been developed. to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of she ... | 2015 | 26693729 |
| gigaton: an extensive publicly searchable database providing a new reference transcriptome in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas. | the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas, is one of the most important aquaculture shellfish resources worldwide. important efforts have been undertaken towards a better knowledge of its genome and transcriptome, which makes now c. gigas becoming a model organism among lophotrochozoans, the under-described sister clade of ecdysozoans within protostomes. these massive sequencing efforts offer the opportunity to assemble gene expression data and make such resource accessible and exploitable for the s ... | 2015 | 26627443 |
| assessing the protective activity of a recently discovered phenolic compound against oxidative stress using computational chemistry. | the protection exerted by 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (dhmba), a phenolic compound recently isolated from the pacific oyster, against oxidative stress (os) is investigated using the density functional theory. our results indicate that dhmba is an outstanding peroxyl radical scavenger, being about 15 times and 4 orders of magnitude better than trolox for that purpose in lipid and aqueous media, respectively. it was also found to react faster with hoo(•) than other known antioxidants suc ... | 2015 | 26624520 |