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chronic effects of misoprostol in combination with the nsaid, diclofenac, on gastrointestinal tract of pigs. relation to diarrheagenic activity, leukocyte infiltration, and mucosal leukotrienes.to determine the mode of protective effects of misoprostol against the chronic gastrointestinal ulceration from the nsaid, diclofenac, studies were undertaken in domestic pigs, a model of human gastrointestinal ulceration, to determine (1) the effects of repeated daily dosing for 10 days of diclofenac 5 mg/kg/day twice a day (as voltaren tablets) on the gastrointestinal morphology, 59fe-red blood loss, mucosal myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity (as an indicator of leukocyte infiltration), and mucosa ...19957628265
does hypoxia or hypercarbia independently affect resuscitation from cardiac arrest?in a previous cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) study in swine, ventilation was associated with improved rate of return of spontaneous circulation (rosc) compared with nonventilated animals, which had greater hypoxia and hypercarbic acidosis. we used the same model to determine the independent effect of hypoxia and hypercarbic acidosis on rosc after cardiac arrest.19957634893
allopurinol improves myocardial reperfusion injury in a xanthine oxidase-free model.the ability of allopurinol to protect against reperfusion injury in the heart has usually been attributed to its xanthine oxidase (xo)-inhibiting properties. human myocardium however, has exhibited low levels of xo activity. to investigate the effects of allopurinol in an xo-free model and determine whether pretreatment is necessary, 12 domestic pigs (15 kg to 20 kg) underwent occlusion of the left circumflex for 8 minutes followed by reperfusion for 4 hours. one group received allopurinol infus ...19957636893
functional characteristics of a new coronary perfusion balloon: comparison with the flowtrack 40 in closed chest swine.this study was designed to compare a new investigational coronary perfusion balloon (wave, scimed life systems inc.) with that of an approved, widely used, current generation device (flowtrack 40, advanced cardiovascular systems). domestic swine were anesthetized with pentobarbital and instrumented using standard percutaneous technique. left ventricular contractile function (dp/dt) was monitored using a micromanometer while intracoronary and surface ecgs were also recorded. eight target vessels ...19957656316
mechanical ventilation may not be essential for initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation.in a rodent model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation in which the inspired gas mixture was enriched with oxygen, resuscitability and survival were unaffected by positive pressure ventilation. in the present study, in a larger animal model, tidal volumes generated during precordial compression and with spontaneous gasping were quantitated.19957656640
the need for ventilatory support during bystander cpr.to compare cpr with chest compressions plus ventilatory support (cc+v) and chest compressions alone (cc).19957661426
dysregulation of the veno-arterial response in the superior mesenteric artery during endotoxic shock.to investigate whether the vascular dysfunction in endotoxic shock is associated with inhibition of the veno-arterial response of the superior mesenteric artery.19957664554
dopamine-1-receptor stimulation and mucosal tissue oxygenation in the porcine jejunum.to evaluate the effects of dopamine-1-receptor stimulation on intestinal mucosal tissue oxygenation.19957664559
dynamics of myocardial metabolism in the preconditioned porcine heart studied using continuous microdialysis.a microdialysis technique was used to measure myocardial catabolism of adenine nucleotides during preconditioning. following thoracotomy in domestic pigs, a probe was inserted into the ischaemic myocardium and two probes into normal myocardium. preconditioning was instituted by occluding a diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery four times over a 10 min period (interspersed with 20 min of reperfusion each time), followed by index ischaemia for 40 min and terminated by 20 ...19957671904
incompetence of domestic pigs as amplifying hosts of vesicular stomatitis virus for lutzomyia shannoni (diptera: psychodidae).seven domestic pigs, sus scrofa l., were infected by intradermal inoculation at 3 different sites with the new jersey serotype of vesicular stomatitis (vsnj) virus. laboratory-reared lutzomyia shannoni dyar sand flies, a suspected biological vector of vsnj virus, were allowed to feed on pigs at the lower abdomen or at sites of their own selection on days 1-7 and on day 10 postinfection. blood samples were taken from infected swine concomitant with most feeding trials and tested for the presence ...19957473632
renal perfusion: pharmacologic changes depicted with power doppler us in an animal model.to evaluate the ability of power doppler ultrasonography to depict changes in renal perfusion after pharmacologic manipulations.19957480728
sutured or fibrin-glued laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy.minimally invasive techniques for choledochojejunostomy offer theoretical advantages for palliating unresectable periampullary neoplasms. fibrin glue, a biologic adhesive containing concentrated fibrinogen, may obviate suturing and promote healing without stricture formation. we examined the technical ability to perform laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy (lcj) and the applicability of thrombin-activated fibrin glue in an animal model of biliary obstruction. domestic pigs underwent laparoscopic c ...19957482208
mr imaging of contrast-enhanced porcine myocardial infarction. assessment of reperfusion and tissue viability.to assess the usefulness of dy-dtpa-bma-induced signal reduction, as an indicator of myocardial viability, myocardial infarction was induced in 17 domestic pigs by ligating a diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery (lad). in 6 pigs, dy-dtpa-bma (1 mmol/kg b.w.) was administered 4 hours after induction of ischaemia. in 5 additional pigs, gd-dtpa-bma (0.3 mmol/kg b.w.) and dy-dtpa-bma (1 mmol/kg b.w.) were simultaneously injected after 4 hours of ischaemia to ascertain whet ...19957484207
number and distribution of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions and evolutionary relationships in domestic pigs.variation in the numbers of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (ag-nors) were examined in 36 breeds of domestic pig of different geographic origins and five subspecies of wild boar. the relationship between ag-nors and evolution of domestic pigs was investigated. in all pigs observed, ag-nors were localized on the secondary constriction of chromosomes 10 and 8. the mean ag-nor numbers varied from 2.0-4.0, and decreased gradually with the different geographical distribution from south to ...19957486245
dissociation between anti-infarct effect and anti-edema effect of ischemic preconditioning.this study tested the hypothesis that preconditioning, by reducing catabolite accumulation during ischemia, reduces osmotic swelling and myocardial necrosis during subsequent reperfusion. farm pigs were randomly allocated to one of three groups of treatment: a control group undergoing a 48-min coronary occlusion (co) of the middle left anterior descending artery, a preconditioned group (2 cycles of 5-min co and 5-min reperfusion before the 48-min co), or an intracoronary perfusion group receivin ...19957840267
laparoscopic partial splenic resection.twenty domestic pigs with an average weight of 30 kg were subjected to laparoscopic partial splenic resection with the aim of determining the feasibility, reliability, and safety of this procedure. unlike the human spleen, the pig spleen is perpendicular to the body's long axis, and it is long and slender. the parenchyma was severed through the middle third, where the organ is thickest. an 18-mm trocar with a 60-mm endopath linear cutter was used for the resection. the tissue was removed with a ...19957773460
polymerase chain reaction based genotyping for characterization of sla-dqb and sla-drb alleles in domestic pigs.molecular genotyping of swine major histocompatibility complex sla-dqb and sla-drb genes using polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based amplification is described. locus-specific oligonucleotide primers were designed for the analysis of expressed sla genes by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). rt-pcr products were sequenced, and the information gained was used to design primers for pcr genotyping of the exon 2 (beta 1) region from genomic dna templates. a single segregating a ...19957537478
sex differences in the distribution of estrogen receptors in the septal area and hypothalamus of the domestic pig (sus scrofa).recently in the pig hypothalamus a vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing nucleus was identified which, like the supraoptic nucleus, becomes sexually dimorphic after puberty. following the increase in circulating steroids at puberty, the vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing nucleus becomes twice as large in both males and females. in adulthood, the vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing nucleus of females is approximately twice as large as that in males. because these alterations are possibly due to ...19957708211
olfactory sensitivity to the pheromone, androstenone, is sexually dimorphic in the pig.sexually dimorphic pheromone pathways have been used successfully to study insect olfactory coding. as one of the few mammalian species with an identified sex pheromone, the domestic pig (sus scrofa) may be an ideal vertebrate species in which to examine sex differences in olfactory processing of a specific stimulus. in this experiment, androstenone and control odor detection thresholds were measured in adult male, female, and castrated male pigs. in an operant task, pigs were tested with descen ...19957716200
the pigmap consortium cytogenetic map of the domestic pig (sus scrofa domestica). 19957749224
combination of vitamins c and e alters the response to coronary balloon injury in the pig.restenosis is the major limitation of the long-term success of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. the process of restenosis involves repair of vascular injury and remodeling of vessel architecture. therapeutic interventions that improve vascular function may therefore be beneficial in the treatment of restenosis. antioxidants such as probucol and vitamins c and e have proved effective in improving endothelial function in hypercholesterolemia, inhibiting lipid accumulation in animal ...19957749812
the pattern of coronary arteriolar bifurcations and the uniform shear hypothesis.by minimizing the cost function, which is the sum of the friction power loss and the metabolic energy proportional to blood volume, murray derived an optimal condition for a vascular bifurcation. murray's law states that the cube of the radius of a parent vessel equals the sum of the cubes of the radii of the daughters. we tested murray's law against our data of pig's maximally vasodilated coronary arteriolar blood vessels at bifurcation points in control and hypertensive ventricles. data were o ...19957762878
myocardial technetium-99m-teboroxime activity in acute coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion: relation to myocardial blood flow and viability.the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that 99mtc-teboroxime retention within the heart depends at least in part on the presence of viable myocytes.19957769429
effect of testosterone treatment on vasoconstrictor response of left anterior descending coronary artery in male and female pigs.androgens may be risk factors in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease by promoting coronary vasoconstriction. we studied the effect of testosterone treatment on coronary vascular reactivity of male and female domestic pigs treated for 2 weeks with either placebo or testosterone 10 mg/kg subcutaneous (s.c.) pellets. vascular reactivity was studied in ring segments (4-5 mm) isolated from the left anterior descending coronary artery (lad). no significant sex difference was noted in the respo ...19957769819
5-ht3 receptor antagonism by anpirtoline, a mixed 5-ht1 receptor agonist/5-ht3 receptor antagonist.1. the aim of this study was to provide evidence that anpirtoline, which is an agonist at 5-ht1b and 5-ht1d receptors and also displays submicromolar affinity for 5-ht1a recognition sites, in addition, acts as an antagonist at 5-ht3 receptors. 2. in radioligand binding studies on rat brain cortical membranes, anpirtoline inhibited specific binding of [3h]-(s)-zacopride to 5-ht3 receptor recognition sites (pki: 7.53). 3. in n1e-115 neuroblastoma cells in which [14c]-guanidinium was used as a tool ...19957881726
a comparative study of open, laparoscopic intracorporeal, and laparoscopic assisted low anterior resection and anastomosis in pigs.this study was done to investigate whether laparoscopic intracorporeal (li) or laparoscopic assisted (la) colon resection results in improved anastomotic healing compared with open colon resection (or). thirty-six domestic swine were randomly assigned to undergo either li, la, or or of the rectosigmoid. for or cases, the sigmoid was resected through a midline incision, and a transanal end-to-end stapled anastomosis was constructed with an ils device. for la and li cases, the sigmoid was laparosc ...19957887528
mr imaging of gadolinium-dtpa-bma-enhanced reperfused and nonreperfused porcine myocardial infarction.to investigate whether gd-dtpa-bma-enhanced mr imaging permits differentiation between reperfused and nonreperfused myocardial infarction, myocardial infarction was induced in 12 domestic pigs. in 6 pigs, gd-dtpa-bma, 0.3 mmol/kg b.w. was administered i.v. 60 min after the occlusion. in 6 other pigs, the infarctions were reperfused 80 min after the occlusion, followed by injection of gd-dtpa-bma after 20 min of reperfusion. radiolabeled microspheres were used to confirm zero-flow during the occl ...19958519575
pathogenicity of artyfechinostomum oraoni in naturally infected pigs.in an attempt to establish the diarrhoeogenic potential of the newly identified artyfechinostomum oraoni, which was associated with human diarrhoea in a tribal community near calcutta, india, two naturally infected domestic pigs of the locality were followed in captivity. both pigs developed fatal diarrhoea after 5 months. the autopsy revealed a massive infection with the echinostome on a haemorrhagic and oedematous mucosa of the jejunum and duodenum extending up to pyloric end of the stomach. i ...19958525286
genetic differences in recombination frequency in the pig (sus scrofa).a comparison has been performed on 3 recently published linkage maps of the pig, hereafter designated as the american (a), european (e), and swedish (s) maps. the cumulated distances between common markers in these 3 maps were in the ratio 1.00 (a):0.88 (e):0.77 (s), in keeping with the ratio of the percentages of domestic genome in the reference families used to build the corresponding maps, i.e., 1.00 (a):0.81 (e):0.50 (s). from further recombination frequencies reported in wild boars (in the ...19958536996
renal venous architectonics in domestic swine.renal venous architectonics were investigated in 240 kidneys from 120 swines at an age of 1-8 months. the methods used were: preparation, corrosion and x-ray examination. it was established that, in 75% of the cases, v. renalis cranialis and v. renalis caudalis were present. in the rest of the cases (25%), v. renalis intermedia was present. it was also observed that right and left renal veins formed distentions, which enveloped the caudal medial part of each adrenal gland. v. adrenalis (supraren ...19958546320
morphological studies of the valves of the kidney vein in domestic swine.it was established macroscopically that 37.5% of the renal veins investigated possess valves. valves were observed on both sides, but predominantly on the left side of the kidneys (14.58%). some valves were also observed in the main branches of the renal veins. the structure of the valves was studied with the use of light and electron microscopy. the most important finding was the observation of mast cells in the valves. this is probably a common biological phenomenon, since mast cells have been ...19958546321
histomorphologic and histochemical characteristics of carpal glands (glandulae carpeae) in domestic swine (sus scrofa domesticus) and wild swine (sus scrofa ferus).investigations were carried out on samples from carpal glands of domestic and wild swine of different ages. the anatomic position of carpal glands is identical in domestic and wild swine. glandular acini in domestic swine are bigger and more scarce than in wild swine. ldh activity is more intense in wild swine, while the activity of the investigated diaphorases is almost even. the activity alkaline and acid phosphatase is stronger in domestic swine, while the activity of non-specific esterases i ...19958546329
effects of dexmedetomidine on coronary hemodynamics and myocardial oxygen balance.alpha 2-adrenergic agonists decrease central sympathetic outflow and maintain normal transmural myocardial blood flow distribution, but intravenous bolus doses of these agents can also induce excessive coronary vasoconstriction and myocardial ischemia. the hypothesis of the present study was that a rapid intravenous bolus of dexmedetomidine, a specific alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, will cause coronary vasoconstriction and accompanying myocardial ischemia in young pigs.19958547552
augmentation of coronary blood flow by ace inhibition: role of angiotensin and bradykinin.inhibition of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) is known to enhance coronary blood flow via partial suppression of angiotensin ii and potentiation of bradykinin. the purpose of these experiments was to evaluate the contribution of each of these mechanisms to the ace inhibition induced changes in blood flow in myocardial regions perfused by intact or stenotic coronary arteries. seven domestic swine were submitted to an 82% stenosis of the left anterior descending artery with the circumflex ...19958556004
a closed-chest porcine model of coronary dissection and thrombosis.coronary dissection and thrombosis are important as pathophysiological mechanisms in acute coronary syndromes and as consequences of various interventional procedures. the present study was designed to develop and characterize a simple percutaneous method to produce coronary dissection and thrombosis in the pig.19958574461
isolation of encephalomyocarditis virus from dormice (myoxus glis) in italy.two isolates of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus (zrc 276ra/90 and zrc 292ra/90) were isolated from two dormice (myoxus glis) in tuscany, italy. the two isolates were lethal for laboratory mice and caused a rapid cytopathic effect characterized by rounded and wrinkled cells in both baby hamster kidney cells (bhk21) and african green monkey kidney cells (vero). we found neutralizing antibodies against emc virus in 408 (77%) of 529 domestic pigs (sus scrofa scrofa) and in 165 (49%) of 338 wild boa ...19958583644
consequences of selection on muscle composition. a comparative study on gracilis muscle in wild and domestic pigs.european domestic pigs are derived from the european wild pig by genetic selection and differ in their muscular-growth ability. thus, it was the aim of this study to investigate the consequences of genetic selection on muscle composition and fibre size in the gracilis muscle. fibre typing based on the atpase reaction revealed that this muscle in wild pigs is composed mainly of type-i and -iia fibres, whereas, in domestic pigs, type-iib fibres were predominant. for all fibre types, domestic pigs ...19958588708
classical swine fever in wild boar (sus scrofa)--experimental infections and viral persistence.a pregnant wild boar and two wild boar weaners were inoculated intranasally with a field isolate of classical swine fever virus (csfv) recently derived from a diseased domestic pig. the clinical, pathological and haematological findings noted in the young wild boars were comparable to those in domestic weaner pigs inoculated with the same virus isolate. both wild boars showed the acute haemorrhagic form of csf, one animal died 18 days post inoculation (p. i.) and the second one had to be euthani ...19958591736
morphological investigations of the glandulae profundae plicae semilunares conjuctivae in the domestic swine (sus scrofa domesticus) and the wild hog (sus scrofa ferus).samples of glandulae profundae plicae semilunares (harderian glands) from five domestic swine and five wild hogs were used for this research. the gland samples were fixed in bouin solution and mounted in paraffin. the paraffin slices were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, according to the periodic-acid-schiff (pas) method, with alcian blue (ph 2.5), with toluidine blue (ph 4.0), and applying a combination of staining with alcian blue (ph 2.5) and the pas method. in domestic swine and wild hog ...19958592973
peculiarities of the connection between mesangial and glomerular endothelial cells in the domestic-swine kidney.the peculiarities of the connection between mesangial and endothelial cells are investigated in material from non-perfused swine kidneys. it is established that cytoplasm fragments of the endothelial cells, located between the mesangial angles, abruptly extend their size, and borders between them are difficult to discern. they possess single microvilli on their lumenal surface, some of which are highly corrugated, branched and fenestrated. in those parts, the mesangial-cell excrescences are tigh ...19958592974
microscopical and ultrastructural studies of the renal artery in domestic swine.both renal arteries from six, 8-month old, camborow hybrid pigs were examined in histological, semithin and ultrathin sections. it was established that the membrana elastica interna showed an expressed degree of wrinkliness. in certain sections, sometimes occupying 20% of the diameter of across-section, its curves were considerably higher and wider than those in the remaining part. the inner elastic membrane in these sections was cleaved in two layers. estates of lengthwise-situated smooth muscl ...19958592976
[an outbreak of brucellosis in pigs and conclusions derived on the epidemiology of this animal disease].the examination of an outbreak of brucellosis in domestic pigs showed unambiguously the existence of a natural focus of infection in the population of wild boars. contrary to former assumptions persistence of br. suis, biovar 2, to occur mainly in the population of hares, evidently a change of hosts has taken place. possible cause might be a contrary development of the density of these wild animal populations. health control of wild animals should not be neglected, as it is an important part of ...19958593137
serological study of pigs for antibody against african swine fever virus in two areas of southern malawi.a serological survey was conducted in july 1991 on domestic pigs in two areas of southern malawi which were severely affected by the african swine fever (asf) epizootic in 1989-1991. sixty-six of the 216 owners questioned reported having witnessed asf in their pigs. forty-seven owners had pigs with antibodies against asf virus, and the overall prevalence of pigs with anti-asf virus antibodies was found to be 12.4%, in 445 pigs sampled in 35 villages. spread of asf was thought to occur principall ...19958593400
spontaneous agonal respiration in a swine model of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.to describe ventilatory dynamics following the onset of ventricular fibrillation (vf) in an experimental swine model.19958597915
immunocytochemical studies on endocrine cells of alimentary tract of the pig in the embryonic and fetal period of life.the study aimed at immunocytochemical analysis of alimentary tract endocrine cells between 20th day of embryonal life and 105th day of fetal life of domestic pig. in the pancreas, presence of endocrine cells was detected already in 20th day and, at the time, the cells comprised around 3/4 all cells in primordia of the organ. starting at that time, numerous endocrine cells produced insulin and glucagon and individual cells synthesized somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. in the 20th day, stom ...19958606027
interferon, the oxytocin receptor and the maternal recognition of pregnancy in ruminants and non-ruminants: a comparative approach.ruminant and non-ruminant members of the artiodactyla appear to use different mechanisms for the maternal recognition of pregnancy. in ruminants, the trophoblast of the developing blastocyst produces a characteristic type i interferon of the interferon-tau family; this acts by blocking endometrial synthesis of the oxytocin receptor. a similar mechanism applies to domestic ruminants (sheep, cow, goat) and deer. in roe deer, which have embryonic diapause and are monoestrus, there is no requirement ...19958606939
[zoo-anthroponoses in vojvodina. iv. epidemiologic characteristics of trichinosis in vojvodina].epidemiological characteristics of trichinellosis in vojvodina have been analyzed on the basis of registered cases of the disease, registration of epidemics and also epidemiological investigation of exposed persons. in the period 1984-1993, 1802 diseased persons were registered, 958 male and 844 female. death was registered in one case. average morbidity was 8.9/10(5). trichinellosis affects all age groups. at younger age the disease affects both sexes, but in the group over 20 years of age the ...19958657070
[observational and experimental studies on relationship between domestic pigs and epidemic hemorrhagic fever investigation].observational and experimental studies on the relationship between domestic pigs and epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) were carried out during 1986 to 1994 with reverse passive hemagglutination (rpha), reverse passive hemagglutination inhibition (rphi), horse-radish peroxidase-staphylococcal protein a (hrp-spa), indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to understand the roles of domestic pigs played in the epidemic areas. results showed dom ...19958697938
differential response to transforming growth factors-beta(1) and beta(2): connective tissue deposition in animal models.the ability of transforming growth factor (tgf)-beta(1) and tgf-beta(2) to promote connective tissue deposition were compared in different animal models. a single subcutaneous injection of tgf-beta(2) in collagen/heparin gel carrier promoted markedly more extensive development of connective tissue than tgf-beta(1) at the site of injection in both neonatal and adult mice. both tgf-beta(1) and tgf-beta(2) promoted deposition of dense and well-vascularized connective tissue matrix infiltrated with ...199517147660
in vitro development of embryos from sinclair miniature pigs: a preliminary report.the goal of this project was to identify conditions that result in development from the zygote or the 2-cell stage sinclair miniature pig embryos to the blastocyst stage. four media were selected, 2 that have been shown to result in in vitro development in domestic pigs (hepes buffered tyrode's medium and whitten's medium), 1 that is compatible with similar development in the cow (cr-1), and 1 that is compatible with development in the mouse (czb). one- and two-cell stage embryos from sinclair m ...199516727687
differential expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptors in porcine fibroblasts cultured from skin and granulation tissue.this study investigated the biological response of fibroblasts cultured from uninjured skin and granulation tissue from different stages of healing wounds to the three isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor. fibroblasts were derived by explant culture from the skin or the granulation tissue that formed within open mesh nylon schilling-hunt chambers (postoperative days 10, 20, 30, and 50) which had been implanted subcutaneously in the backs of domestic pigs. cells were cultured under identica ...199617177826
removal of necrotic tissue with an ananain-based enzyme-debriding preparation.an enzymatic debriding preparation was formulated with purified enzyme derived from a crude pineapple stem extract. the primary component of this preparation was the sulfhydryl protease ananain which represented >/=85% of the proteolytic activity. the remaining proteolytic activity in the preparation was contributed by a co-purifying homologous cysteine protease comosain. taken together these two proteases provided a protein purity of greater than 95% as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacry ...199617309694
evaluation of the effects of autotransfusion of unprocessed blood on hemodynamics and oxygen transport in anesthetized pigs.to examine the hemodynamic effects and the oxygen transport pattern of autotransfusion of unprocessed blood on hemodynamics and oxygen transportation.19968706465
endotoxic shock alters distribution of blood flow within the intestinal wall.to investigate whether a redistribution of blood flow from the mucosa to the muscular layer of the intestinal wall contributes to the observed increased arterial-mucosal pco2 gradient and the decreased mucosal tonometric ph during endotoxic shock.19968706490
effects of graded doses of vasopressin on median fibrillation frequency in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation: results of a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.to assess the effects of graded doses of vasopressin vs. saline on median fibrillation frequency and defibrillation success in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.19968706492
four alginate dressings in the treatment of partial thickness wounds: a comparative experimental study.alginate-based absorption materials for wound treatment are meeting with increasing clinical acceptance. the purpose of this study was to compare four different calcium alginate dressings (algosteril, comfeel alginate, kaltostat and sorbsan) with respect to wound fluid retaining ability, adherence, dressing residues, epithelialisation and inflammatory cell infiltration using a standardised partial-thickness wound model in domestic pigs. wound fluid spread laterally onto surrounding normal skin b ...19968733355
myocardial dysfunction after resuscitation from cardiac arrest: an example of global myocardial stunning.this study investigated the effect of prolonged cardiac arrest and subsequent cardiopulmonary resuscitation on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function.19968752819
an epidemiological study of influenza viruses among chinese farm families with household ducks and pigs.to examine the possibility of interspecies transmission and genetic reassortment of influenza viruses on farms in southern china, we surveyed 20 farm families living outside the city of nanchang who raised pigs and ducks in their homes. weekly interviews of family members and virus isolation studies of throat swabs and faecal samples, collected from september 1992 to september 1993, established the seasonal pattern of respiratory tract infections in these families and identified 11 influenza vir ...19968760967
age dependence of cerebrovascular response mechanisms in domestic pigs.hypercapnia-induced cerebral vasodilation in the newborn pig is a prostanoid-associated response. in some adult models, hypercapnic cerebral vasodilation is associated with the generation of nitric oxide (no). acetylcholine (ach) produces a no-dependent cerebral vasodilation in many adult models, but topical ach is a prostanoid-associated cerebral vasoconstrictor in the newborn pig. we hypothesized that mediators influencing cerebral response can be age dependent. juvenile domestic pigs were com ...19968770094
myocardial adaptation during and after sustained, demand-induced ischemia. observations in closed-chest, domestic swine.we tested the hypotheses that prolonged, demand-induced myocardial ischemia plateaus and that on relief of stress, myocardial function remains depressed, with proportionate reductions in blood flow and oxygen consumption indicative of hibernation.19968772699
a porcine model of chronic peripheral arterial occlusion.to create a simple and reproducible model of chromic thrombosis for the evaluation of thrombolytic agents and devices.19968773977
electromyographic and mechanomyographic characteristics of neuromuscular block by magnesium sulphate in the pig.in spite of its well known propensity to cause accidental paralysis by a specific mechanism of action, mg(2+)-induced neuromuscular block has not been examined systematically for its characteristics of muscle response to nerve stimulation. we examined in seven anaesthetized domestic pigs the mechanomyographic (mmg) and neurally evoked compound electromyographic (ncemg, emg) responses of the tibialis anterior muscle to stimulation of its motor nerve, at baseline and during three levels of neuromu ...19968777111
effects of hypercholesterolaemia on physiological recruitment of coronary vascular reserve in swine.1. the endothelium participates in the regulation of coronary vascular tone. as evidence exists from studies performed on epicardial vessels that hypercholesterolaemia impairs endothelial function, we tested the hypothesis that hypercholesterolaemia impairs coronary vascular reserve in an intact animal. 2. domestic swine, maintained on a regular (n = 9) or a 2% high-cholesterol (n = 9) diet for 3 months were instrumented with a catheter in the left atrium for microsphere injection, a catheter in ...19968777832
alternative methods of exposure minimize cardiopulmonary risk in experimental animals during minimally invasive surgery.alternative methods of exposure are needed for minimally invasive surgery to avoid hypercarbia and acidosis associated with carbon dioxide (co2) abdominal insufflation. the goals of this study were to determine the pulmonary and hemodynamic effects of both helium (he) abdominal insufflation and placement of a mechanical abdominal wall-lifting device (lifter) during laparoscopy.19968779063
sus scrofa domestica endoparasitic resistance in the amazonas.the domestic pig (sus scrofa domestica l.) has been wild breeding in the varzea amazonian estuary area. without dietary supplement or medical prevention, the pigs survive, bringing economic benefits to local peasants. endoparasitic diseases generate economic losses because of neonatal death and clinical disease. we assessed the nematoda (o. nematoda) and coccidia (o. eucoccidia) parasitic level and tolerance in 75 pigs (0-18 months) from 35 families using the following methods: (i) larvae cultur ...19968784532
immunocytochemical distribution of catecholamine-synthesizing neurons in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland of pigs: tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase.this study describes the distribution of catecholaminergic neurons in the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland of the domestic pig, sus scrofa, an animal that is widely used as an experimental model of human physiology in addition to its worldwide agricultural importance. hypothalamic catecholamine neurons were identified by immunocytochemical staining for the presence of the catecholamine synthesizing enzymes, tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreacti ...19968789282
effects of intracoronary carbon dioxide on left ventricular function in swine.carbon dioxide is currently used as an arterial and venous contrast agent; however, little is known of its effects on left ventricular function. this study was undertaken to investigate those effects.19968790949
increased concentrations of endothelin-1 messenger rna in tissues and endothelin-1 peptide in plasma in septic pigs: modulation by betamethasone.to study the expression of preproendothelin-1 messenger rna (mrna) in tissue after escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge and to evaluate the possible effects of betamethasone both regarding endothelin-1 production as well as hemodynamic and vascular effects during e. coli lipopolysaccharide infusion in pigs in vivo.19968797627
heritability estimate of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in pigs (sus scrofa domestica).the purpose of this study was to evaluate the heritability of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (hcm) in pigs and the relation between hcm and heart measurements, pathologic features, and growth to provide references for hcm line development. a total of 353 on-farm tested gilts (females) and boars (males) from 74 sire families were randomly selected from a single breeding farm where hcm was prevalent. hearts were collected after animals were slaughtered. heart length, width, and weight, heart-to-body ...19968799938
the immunogenic and pathogenic potential of short poly(c) tract mengo viruses.we have shown previously that genetically engineered mengo viruses with artificial deletions in their 5' noncoding polyribocytidylic acid (poly(c)) tracts are highly attenuated for the natural murine host and also for other animals such as baboons, macaques, and domestic pigs. the present report further characterizes select short poly(c) tract mengo viruses in the natural murine host. a positive correlation was found between the length of the poly(c) tract and murine virulence, as measured by vi ...19968806569
geographic population structure and sequence divergence in the mitochondrial dna control region of the japanese wild boar (sus scrofa leucomystax), with reference to those of domestic pigs.mitochondrial dna (mtdna) control regions from 40 japanese wild boars were examined by direct sequencing after amplification by pcr. from the dna sequences obtained, we found eight haplotypes, whose differences arose via transitions. the geographical distribution of these different haplotypes indicated that wild boar populations inhabited limited areas and that there was some restricted gene flow between local populations. eight mtdna haplotypes from eastern and western domestic pigs and the ryu ...19968813051
an outbreak of japanese encephalitis in the torres strait, australia, 1995.to determine the distribution of virus infection during an outbreak of japanese encephalitis (je) in the torres strait, and to describe the environmental factors facilitating the outbreak.19968816682
serum concentrations of melatonin in prepubertal gilts exposed to either constant or stepwise biweekly alteration in scotophase.melatonin (mel), a hormone known to mediate photoperiodic cues, is secreted from the pineal gland in a circadian fashion in numerous species. the transduction of photoperiodic information into the secretion of mel, however, remains controversial in the pig. to determine whether domestic pigs have a nocturnal increase in serum melatonin when exposed to equatorial photoperiods only, 24 prepubertal gilts (38.7 +/- 0.7 kg; 104.5 +/- 0.8 d) and 12 mature ewes, serving as positive controls, were rando ...19968839625
characterisation of bradykinin receptors from juvenile pig coronary artery.coronary artery rings from juvenile male farm pigs were incubated for 6 h and precontracted with u46619. the rings relaxed in response to des-arg9-bradykinin (pd2, 7.78 +/- 0.13; emax, 87.4 +/- 4.3%) and to bradykinin (pd2, 8.69 +/- 0.30; emax, 104.2 +/- 4.4%). these responses were abolished by endothelium removal and unaffected by indomethacin whilst ng-nitro-l-arginine reduced the relaxation due to des-arg9-bradykinin only. preincubation with cycloheximide or actinomycin had no effect against ...19968851166
protection of non-murine mammals against encephalomyocarditis virus using a genetically engineered mengo virus.genetically engineered mengo viruses with artificial deletions in the 5' noncoding poly(c) tracts are highly attenuated for pathogenicity when introduced as live vaccines into the natural murine host. inoculation produces lifelong protective immunity without disease or viral persistence. this report extends the vaccination studies to non-murine hosts, including baboons, macaques and domestic pigs, all of which are susceptible to severe cardiovirus epizootics. all animals of these species that we ...19968852413
a comparison of the pathophysiologic effects of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and helium pneumoperitoneum on intracranial pressure.previous studies have suggested that diagnostic laparoscopy may be contraindicated in multiple trauma patients with closed head injuries because of the detrimental effects of carbon dioxide (co2) pneumoperitoneum on intracranial pressure (icp). in this study we compared the effects of two alternative inflation gases, helium (he) and nitrous oxide (n2o), against the standard agent used in most hospitals, co2. icp was monitored in experimental animals both with and without a space occupying intrac ...19968862077
the soft tissue cover of the mandibular condyle: age-related changes in high buoyant density proteoglycans, free tissue water and remodelling activity.age-related changes in the relative proportion of high buoyant density proteoglycans of the soft tissue cover of the mandibular condyle of domestic pigs and the chemical composition of these proteoglycans were investigated by biochemical methods. the relative proportion of high buoyant density proteoglycans has been shown to decrease with age, with their chemical composition varying as follows: with age, the relative proportions of protein increased, galactosamine decreased, glucosamine was simi ...19968874176
starling resistor effects on pulmonary artery occlusion pressure in endotoxin shock provide inaccuracies in left ventricular compliance assessments.assessment of left ventricular preload and left ventricular compliance changes in septic shock using pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (paop) presumes that this pressure accurately reflects left heart filling pressure. we tested the hypothesis that starling resistor forces render paop inaccurate as an index of left heart filling pressure, resulting in misleading assessments of left ventricular compliance changes.19968874296
the prepubertal ontogeny of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone-like immunoreactivity in the diencephalon and telencephalon of the male meishan pig brain.luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh) is a decapeptide that regulates reproductive function and behaviors in mammalian species. because of the importance of proper reproductive function and efficiency in agricultural species, we have investigated the prepubertal ontogeny of lhrh-like immunoreactivity (ir) in the male meishan pig. the meishan is a chinese breed known for reproductive traits including increased litter size and precocious puberty, but slow growth and obesity. brains of anima ...19968874890
transorbital approach to the porcine pituitary.a transorbital approach to the pituitary gland is described in domestic swine weighing between 40 and 70 kg. a transpalpebral eye exenteration is performed and the optic canal is enlarged caudally, using a bone drill. an operating microscope is used to improve visualization of the surgical site as the pituitary stalk and anterior pituitary are exposed to the level of the optic chiasm. this approach exposes the pituitary sufficiently to perform either a hypophyseal stalk transection or a hypophys ...19968887068
effectiveness of fibrin glue in the reduction of postoperative intrapericardial adhesions.the hemostatic properties of fibrin sealant have been well described. previously published reports have attempted to clarify the possible role of fibrin glue in the inhibition of the formation of intrapericardial adhesions following cardiac surgery. earlier work hypothesized that fibrin glue may reduce the severity of postoperative adhesions and that the use of autologous fibrin glue may have similar effects, without the risks that accompany homologous blood products. six juvenile farm pigs were ...19968887071
isolated coronary artery transplantation in pigs: a new model to study transplantation arteriosclerosis and humoral rejection.graft atherosclerosis is a major cause of death after heart transplantation; its causes are multifactorial and poorly understood. to determine whether specific sensitization to coronary artery antigens is a contributing factor, we developed an isolated coronary artery allotransplantation model in pigs.19968889988
location of external anal sphincter motoneurons in the sacral cord of the female domestic pig.the location of the striated external anal sphincter motoneurons in the spinal cord was investigated in 12, between 3 and 4 months old, female domestic pigs using the retrograde tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp). their motoneuronal cell bodies were found in the spinal segments s1-s3, and were not located in the ventral horn, but dorsolateral to the central canal. this location within the spinal gray matter strongly differs from the location of the external and sphincter motoneurons in rat, cat ...19968897493
repair of a mid-diaphyseal femoral fracture in a boar.a simple, oblique fracture of the middle portion of the diaphysis of the right femur was successfully repaired in a 10-month-old 150-kg berkshire boar, using a 4.5-mm 9-hole broad dynamic compression plate applied to the lateral surface of the bone. a lateral surgical approach provided excellent access to the fragment ends. intravenous administration of atracurium besylate facilitated traction along the long axis of the bone and fracture reduction. the plate was luted with 5% gentamicin sulfate- ...19968899028
neonatal hemodynamic responses to extreme ranges of controlled graded hypoxia.to determine the hemodynamic responses to a wide range of specific, controlled, graded levels of hypoxic hypoxia over 120 mins in a neonatal porcine model and to identify the pao2 threshold for altered hemodynamic homeostasis.19968917041
husbandry and diseases of captive wild swine and peccaries.wild swine and peccaries are popular exhibit animals throughout the world, but the anatomy and behaviour of these species make it difficult to construct housing and enclosures which are suitable from an aesthetic and sanitation standpoint. african wild suids may serve as reservoir hosts for african swine fever. likewise, african suids are susceptible to most of the viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases of domestic swine. wild swine and peccaries are not an important source of zoonotic diseases ...19968924700
a karyotypic analysis of the lesser malay chevrotain, tragulus javanicus (artiodactyla: tragulidae).chevrotains are small forest-dwelling ruminants of the family tragulidae. the chromosome number of the lesser malay chevrotain was determined to be 2n = 32, nf = 64, g- and q-banding allowed the identification of homologous chromosomes, and c-banding demonstrated the presence of pericentromeric, telomeric and interstitial constitutive heterochromatin. q-band comparisons with domestic cattle revealed relatively few monobrachial chromosome band homologies. however, the smallest biarmed autosome of ...19968939367
the continent sigmoid urinary reservoir--an experimental study in pigs.to evaluate the function of a continence mechanism in combination with a colonic urinary reservoir in a pig model.19968944507
increased cardiac fatty acid uptake with dobutamine infusion in swine is accompanied by a decrease in malonyl coa levels.malonyl coa is an important regulator of fatty acid oxidation in the heart secondary to its ability to inhibit carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (cpt 1). malonyl coa is produced from acetyl coa in a reaction catalyzed by acetyl coa carboxylase (acc). in this study we determined if alterations in malonyl coa regulation of fatty acid metabolism are involved in the increase in energy transduction seen following an increase in cardiac work.19968944819
histopathologic appearance of arterial occlusions with hydrogel and polyvinyl alcohol embolic material in domestic swine.this study observes the histologic changes resulting from a hydrogel embolic agent (polyacrylonitrile [pan]) compared with polyvinyl alcohol particles (pva) of similar size.19968951758
impaired bronchial healing after lung donation from non-heart-beating donors.bronchial viability after lung transplantation remains a concern. modern preservation methods, surgical technique, and limited cold ischemic periods have decreased the frequency of bronchial complications. however, lungs procured from non-heart-beating donors are subjected to a mandatory period of warm ischemia. we investigated bronchial healing in a porcine survival model of left lung transplantation using organ procurement from non-heart-beating donors after a 60-minute period of warm ischemia ...19968956117
effects of left heart assist on geometry and function of the interventricular septum.right ventricular (rv) dysfunction is a common but poorly understood problem associated with mechanical left heart assist (lha). left ventricular unloading may affect rv function even in normal hearts by altering geometry or function of the interventricular septum, although such changes have not been well defined. accordingly, the purposes of this study were to quantify the effects of lha on septal geometry and function in normal swine and to assess the resultant effects on rv function.19968957382
cardiovascular function during the postresuscitation phase after cardiac arrest in pigs: a comparison of epinephrine versus vasopressin.the administration of vasopressin during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) provides significantly more vital organ blood flow when compared with epinephrine during cardiac arrest in pigs. the effects of this potent vasoconstrictor on postresuscitation cardiovascular function remain unknown. the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of vasopressin and epinephrine on cardiovascular function in the postresuscitation phase after cpr.19968968270
an ikappab homolog encoded by african swine fever virus provides a novel mechanism for downregulation of proinflammatory cytokine responses in host macrophages.cytokines stimulate inflammatory defenses against viral infections. in order to evade host defenses, viruses have developed strategies to counteract antiviral cytokines. african swine fever virus (asfv) is a large, double-stranded dna virus that infects macrophages. this study demonstrates that asfv effectively inhibited phorbol myristic acid-induced synthesis of antiviral, proinflammatory cytokines alpha interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-8 in infected macrophages as asses ...19968970976
nadph-diaphorase expression of endothelial cells during four weeks' healing of a stretch-eptfe graft: an experimental porcine study.endothelial nitric oxide synthase (enos) mediates the conversion of l-argine to no and citrulline, which requires nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadph) as an essential cofactor. evidence has been given that nos accounts for the nadph-diaphorase activity. the aim of the present study was to identify the histochemical and immunocytochemical appearance of nadph-diaphorase and von willebrand factor (factor viii) respectively, in endothelial cells (ecs) during healing of stretch-expande ...19968971580
comparative ureteral microanatomy.several animals have been used as models for experimental upper urinary tract surgery. although minipigs have recently gained favor because their upper urinary tract is grossly similar to that of humans, the ureteral microanatomic features of the two species have not been compared. we evaluated the histologic features of human and animal ureters in order to provide addition information regarding experimental models for upper urinary tract surgery. cross-sections of upper, middle, and lower urete ...19968972786
ectopic locations of taenia saginata asiatica cysticerci in the abdominal cavity of domestic pig and monkey.eleven small-ear-miniature pigs, 1 landrace small-ear-miniature pig, and 1 monkey (macaca cyclopis) were infected experimentally with eggs of taenia saginata asiatica. they were found to harbor cysticerci on the liver surface, each with a thin, whitish fiber connecting to another location in the same lobe, or to other lobes of the liver; some were also connected individually to the diaphragm, abdominal muscles, and gall bladder with a short, thin fiber. moreover, they also harbored extrahepatic ...19968973419
comparison of self-expanding polyethylene terephthalate and metallic stents implanted in porcine iliac arteries.comparison of the biocompatibility of self-expanding polyethylene terephthalate (pet) stents with self-expanding metallic stents (wallstents).19968661640
controlled trial of laparoscopic-assisted vs open colon resection in a porcine model.several series of laparoscopic colon resection have been reported in the literature with varied results; however, no controlled series of laparoscopic vs open colon resection has been reported. the purpose of this study was to determine the relative safety and adequacy of laparoscopic colon resection in a controlled trial using a porcine model.19968662429
radiolabeled iododeoxyuridine: safety evaluation.the emphasis of radiolabeled iododeoxyuridine (*iudr) research at our institution to date has been to assess its safety as a potential therapeutic agent. toward this goal, we have performed preclinical and clinical studies, using various routes of administration, to detect adverse changes in normal tissues in both humans and animals. as iudr is rapidly dehalogenated by the liver, the intravenous route is unlikely to be successful in therapeutic efforts. we have therefore focused our attention on ...19968676196
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