Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| immunization of saimiri sciureus monkeys with a recombinant hybrid protein derived from the plasmodium falciparum antigen glutamate-rich protein and merozoite surface protein 3 can induce partial protection with freund and montanide isa720 adjuvants. | the immunogenicity and efficacy of a hybrid recombinant protein derived from the n-terminal end of the glutamate-rich protein (glurp) and the c-terminal portion of the merozoite surface protein 3 (msp3) of plasmodium falciparum was evaluated in saimiri sciureus monkeys. the glurp/msp3 hybrid protein, expressed in lactococcus lactis, was administered in association with alum, montanide isa720, or complete or incomplete freund adjuvant (cfa/ifa) in groups of five animals each. the three formulatio ... | 2005 | 15699417 |
| urinary prolactin is correlated with mothering and allo-mothering in squirrel monkeys. | the hormone prolactin is implicated in infant care-giving by parents and allo-parents in a variety of species. adult female squirrel monkeys (saimiri spp.) engage in allo-mothering behavior, which includes carrying and nursing infants, but communal care of offspring has not been investigated from an endocrine standpoint in this taxon. we attempted to fill this gap by examining prolactin levels in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) as a function of parental responsiveness. subjects were housed a ... | 2005 | 15708781 |
| afferents of vocalization-controlling periaqueductal regions in the squirrel monkey. | in order to determine the input of vocalization-controlling regions of the midbrain periaqueductal gray (pag), wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase was injected in six squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) at pag sites yielding vocalization when injected with the glutamate agonist homocysteic acid. brains were scanned for retrogradely labeled areas common to all six animals. the results show that the vocalization-eliciting sites receive a widespread input, with the heaviest projections com ... | 2005 | 15713263 |
| flow cytometry identification and characterization of mononuclear cell subsets in the neotropical primate saimiri sciureus (squirrel monkey). | the neotropical primate squirrel monkey is used in many areas of biomedical research including neuroendocrinology, immunology and infectious diseases. however, research has been hampered by the lack of immunological tools for this primate. | 2005 | 15777931 |
| t-cell transformation and oncogenesis by gamma2-herpesviruses. | gamma2-herpesviruses, also termed rhadinoviruses, have long been known as animal pathogens causing lymphoproliferative diseases such as malignant catarrhal fever in cattle or t-cell lymphoma in certain neotropical primates. the rhadinovirus prototype is herpesvirus saimiri (hvs), a t-lymphotropic agent of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus); herpesvirus ateles (hva) is closely related to hvs. the first human rhadinovirus, human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8), was discovered a decade ago in kaposi's ... | 2005 | 15797445 |
| squirrel monkeys support replication of bk virus more efficiently than simian virus 40: an animal model for human bk virus infection. | we performed experiments to test the suitability of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) as an experimental model for bk virus (bkv) and simian virus 40 (sv40) infection. four squirrel monkeys received intravenous inoculation with bkv gardner strain, and six squirrel monkeys received intravenous inoculation with sv40 777 strain. eight of 10 monkeys received immunosuppression therapy, namely, cyclophosphamide subcutaneously either before or both before and after viral inoculation. the presence of ... | 2005 | 15613359 |
| are monkeys aesthetists? rensch (1957) revisited. | three experiments assessed whether capuchin monkeys (cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) prefer regular and symmetrical visual patterns. pictorial representations of faces were included in 1 stimulus set. when the monkeys could pick up and manipulate small cards bearing the stimuli, all preferences expressed by capuchins and most of those expressed by squirrel monkeys were for regular stimuli. symmetry of the patterns was influential but not essential. some preferences were als ... | 2005 | 15656728 |
| cranial growth in normal and low-protein-fed saimiri. an environmental heterochrony. | protein malnutrition has a significant and measurable effect on the rate and timing of growth. heterochrony is generally viewed as the study of evolutionary changes in the relative rates and timing of growth and development. although changes in growth commonly result from experimental manipulations of diet, nobody has previously attempted to explain such changes from a heterochronic perspective. we use a heterochronic perspective to compare a group of squirrel monkeys fed a low-protein diet to i ... | 2005 | 16051314 |
| quadrupedal locomotion in squirrel monkeys (cebidae: saimiri sciureus): a cineradiographic study of limb kinematics and related substrate reaction forces. | quadrupedal locomotion of squirrel monkeys on small-diameter support was analyzed kinematically and kinetically to specify the timing between limb movements and substrate reaction forces. limb kinematics was studied cineradiographically, and substrate reaction forces were synchronously recorded. squirrel monkeys resemble most other quadrupedal primates in that they utilize a diagonal sequence/diagonal couplets gait when walking on small branches. this gait pattern and the ratio between limb leng ... | 2005 | 15838834 |
| a role for the plasmodium falciparum resa protein in resistance against heat shock demonstrated using gene disruption. | during erythrocyte invasion, the plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa) establishes specific interactions with spectrin. based on analysis of strains with a large chromosome 1 deletion, resa has been assigned several functions, none of which is firmly established. analysis of parasites with a disrupted resa1 gene and isogenic parental or resa3-disrupted controls confirmed the critical role of resa in the surface reactivity of immune adult sera on glutaraldehyde-fi ... | 2005 | 15853885 |
| yersinia enterocolitica serovar o:8 infection in breeding monkeys in japan. | in the period from december 2002 to january 2003, 5 of 50 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) housed at a zoological garden in the kanto region of japan died following a few days' history of diarrhea. after this outbreak had ended in the squirrel monkeys, 1 of 2 dark-handed gibbons (hylobates agilis) died in april of 2003, showing similar clinical signs. we examined the organs of 3 of the dead squirrel monkeys and of the dark-handed gibbon, and yersinia enterocolitica serovar o:8, which is the m ... | 2005 | 15665447 |
| reduced cell turnover in lymphocytic monkeys infected by human t-lymphotropic virus type 1. | understanding cell dynamics in animal models have implications for therapeutic strategies elaborated against leukemia in human. quantification of the cell turnover in closely related primate systems is particularly important for rare and aggressive forms of human cancers, such as adult t-cell leukemia. for this purpose, we have measured the death and proliferation rates of the cd4+ t lymphocyte population in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) infected by human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv- ... | 2005 | 16091751 |
| attention to combined attention in new world monkeys (cebus apella, saimiri sciureus). | co-orientation by capuchin (cebus apella) and squirrel (saimiri sciureus) monkeys in response to familiar humans abruptly switching the direction of their visual attention was recorded. co-orientation occurred more frequently overall in capuchins than squirrel monkeys. capuchins showed a tendency to habituate within trials involving consecutive attention switches performed by 2 different people, whereas squirrel monkeys co-oriented more when the 2nd attention switch was by a 2nd actor. these res ... | 2005 | 16366781 |
| behavioral motor recovery in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus): changes in striatal dopamine and expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter proteins. | the neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) provides an excellent opportunity to study repair and response to injury in the basal ganglia. administration to mammals leads to the destruction of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and depletion of striatal dopamine. in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus), mptp-lesioning results in parkinsonian motor symptoms including bradykinesia, postural instability, and rigidity. over time animals display motor behavioral recovery. ... | 2006 | 16385585 |
| cellular and subcellular localization of neurokinin-1 and neurokinin-3 receptors in primate globus pallidus. | the primate globus pallidus receives massive innervations from gabaergic striatal neurons that co-release the neuropeptide substance p (sp). to expand our knowledge regarding sp interaction at pallidal level, we used single and double antigen retrieval methods to study the cellular and subcellular localization of sp and its high-affinity receptors neurokinin-1 (nk-1r) and neurokinin-3 (nk-3r) in the globus pallidus of the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). at the light microscopic level, a larg ... | 2006 | 16817879 |
| genetically unique microsporidian encephalitozoon cuniculi strain type iii isolated from squirrel monkeys. | microsporidian spores were isolated from two squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) that had been bred at an animal-breeding colony in japan. the spores were identified as encephalitozoon cuniculi on the basis of nucleotide sequence analysis of the small-subunit (ssu) rrna gene. the internal transcribed spacer (its) gene sequence revealed that these isolates were classified into genotype iii because it contained tetrarepeats of 5'-gttt-3'. however, the sequences of the polar tube protein (ptp) gene ... | 2006 | 16580248 |
| audio-vocal interaction in the pontine brainstem during self-initiated vocalization in the squirrel monkey. | the adjustment of the voice by auditory input happens at several brain levels. the caudal pontine brainstem, though rarely investigated, is one candidate area for such audio-vocal integration. we recorded neuronal activity in this area in awake, behaving squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) during vocal communication, using telemetric single-unit recording techniques. we found audio-vocal neurons at locations not described before, namely in the periolivary region of the superior olivary complex a ... | 2006 | 16820019 |
| modeling dichromatic and trichromatic sensitivity to the color properties of fruits eaten by squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | most platyrrhines have a visual polymorphism that is characterized by the presence of multiple alleles of the m/lws gene on the x chromosome. this polymorphism is probably maintained by selection. there are two possible mechanisms by which this can be explained: first, heterozygous females may have perceptual advantages over dichromats, such that trichromacy would be favored via the existence of different visual pigments. this is known as selection by heterosis. second, dichromacy may be advanta ... | 2006 | 17096422 |
| anticipation of future events in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and rats (rattus norvegicus): tests of the bischof-kohler hypothesis. | the bischof-kohler hypothesis holds that nonhuman animals cannot anticipate a future event and take appropriate action when that event involves satisfaction of a need not currently experienced. tests of the bischof-kohler hypothesis were performed with squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and rats (rattus norvegicus). in experimental trials with both species, a nonthirsty animal had its water bottle removed and then chose between a smaller and larger quantity of food. consumption of the food indu ... | 2006 | 17115855 |
| on the role of the pontine brainstem in vocal pattern generation: a telemetric single-unit recording study in the squirrel monkey. | in a recent study, we localized a discrete area in the ventrolateral pontine brainstem of squirrel monkeys, which seems to play a role in vocal pattern generation of frequency-modulated vocalizations. the present study compares the neuronal activity of this area with that of three motoneuron pools involved in phonation, namely the trigeminal motor nucleus, facial nucleus, and nucleus ambiguous. the experiments were performed in freely moving squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) during spontaneous ... | 2006 | 16807339 |
| calorie restriction attenuates alzheimer's disease type brain amyloidosis in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | recent studies from our laboratories and others suggest that calorie restriction (cr) may benefit alzheimer's disease (ad) by preventing amyloid-beta (abeta) neuropathology in the mouse models of ad. moreover, we found that promotion of the nad+-dependent sirt1 mediated deacetylase activity, a key regulator in cr extension of life span, may be a mechanism by which cr influences ad-type neuropathology. in this study we continued to explore the role of cr in ad-type brain amyloidosis in squirrel m ... | 2006 | 17183154 |
| telemetric recording of neuronal activity. | a telemetric system is described which allows the wireless registration of extracellular neuronal activity and vocalization-associated skull vibrations in freely moving, socially living squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). the system consists of a carrier platform with numerous guiding tubes implanted on the skull. custom-made microdrives are mounted on the platform, allowing the exploration of two electrode tracks at the same time. commercially available quartz-insulated platinum-tungsten micro ... | 2006 | 16497514 |
| the efficacy of combined therapy of arsenic trioxide and alpha interferon in human t-cell leukemia virus type-1-infected squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1)-associated adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atll) has a poor prognosis owing to its intrinsic resistance to chemotherapy. although zidovudine (azt) and alpha interferon (ifn-alpha) give rise to some response and improve the prognosis of atll, alternative therapies are needed. arsenic trioxide (as(2)o(3)) has been shown to synergize with ifn-alpha in arresting cell growth and inducing apoptosis of atll cells in vitro. in this study, we evaluated the ... | 2006 | 16540180 |
| projections of the ventrolateral pontine vocalization area in the squirrel monkey. | in four squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus), the tracer biotin dextranamine (bda) was injected into the ventrolateral pons at a site at which injection of the glutamate antagonist kynurenic acid blocked vocalization electrically elicited from the periaqueductal gray (pag). anterograde projections could be traced into all cranial motor and sensory nuclei involved in phonation, that is, the nucleus ambiguus, facial, hypoglossal and trigeminal motor nuclei, the motorneuron column in the ventral gra ... | 2006 | 16292643 |
| call type-specific differences in vocalization-related afferents to the periaqueductal gray of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | in a recent retrograde tracing study in the squirrel monkey, we found that regions in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (pag) producing different call types when pharmacologically stimulated, receive their input largely from the same structures. the aim of the present study was to find out, whether there are quantitative differences in this input. for this reason, we counted retrogradely labeled neurons in various brain regions after injections of wheatgerm agglutinin-conjugated horseradish perox ... | 2006 | 16297458 |
| tularemia as a cause of fever in a squirrel monkey. | a 3-year-old female squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus sciureus) was examined because of sudden onset of lethargy and fever. | 2006 | 16842053 |
| chimeric peptide vaccine composed of b- and t-cell epitopes of human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 induces humoral and cellular immune responses and reduces the proviral load in immunized squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | a squirrel monkey model of human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 (htlv-1) infection was used to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a chimeric peptide vaccine composed of a b-cell epitope from the envelope region (aa 175-218) and three hla-a*0201-restricted cytotoxic t-lymphocyte epitopes derived from tax protein (tri-tax). these selected tax peptides induced secretion of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from monkeys chronically infected ... | 2006 | 16603536 |
| chromosome territory positioning of conserved homologous chromosomes in different primate species. | interphase chromosomes form distinct spatial domains called chromosome territories (cts). the position of cts is known not to be at random and is related to chromosome size and gene density. to elucidate how cts are arranged in primate proliferating fibroblasts and whether the radial position of cts has been conserved during primate evolution, several specific cts corresponding to conserved chromosomes since the simiiformes (human 6, 12, 13, and 17 homologous cts) have been studied in 3d preserv ... | 2006 | 16607509 |
| sleep quantitation in common marmoset, cotton top tamarin and squirrel monkey by non-invasive actigraphy. | sleep quantitation data on the neotropical primate species, apart from the squirrel monkey, are still sparse. as such, we have quantitated sleep in the common marmosets (callithrix jacchus), cotton top tamarins (saguinus oedipus) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) reared in one primate facility simultaneously, by non-invasive actigraphy. the range in total sleep time/24h measured for male adult common marmosets, cotton top tamarins and squirrel monkeys were 713-793 min (n=4), 707-889 min (n ... | 2006 | 16626986 |
| age and seasonal effects on predator-sensitive foraging in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus): a field experiment. | a field experiment was conducted to examine the effect of perceived predation risk on the use of foraging areas by juvenile and adult primates under different conditions of local food abundance. wild squirrel monkeys, saimiri sciureus, were observed in an experiment conducted during the dry and the wet seasons at a site in eastern amazonia, brazil. animals were presented with feeding platforms that differed in food quantity and exposure to aerial predators through varying vegetative cover. in th ... | 2007 | 17154385 |
| primate errors in transitive 'inference': a two-tier learning model. | transitive performance (tp) is a learning-based behaviour exhibited by a wide range of species, where if a subject has been taught to prefer a when presented with the pair ab but to prefer b when presented with the pair bc, then the subject will also prefer a when presented with the novel pair ac. most explanations of tp assume that subjects recognize and learn an underlying sequence from observing the training pairs. however, data from squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and young children cont ... | 2007 | 16810495 |
| immunological changes and cytokine gene expression during primary infection with human t-cell leukaemia virus type 1 in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | we have developed an animal model of experimental htlv-1 infection in saimiri sciureus monkeys in order to study both the immunological and the virological aspects of the infection. as cytokines expressed by immune cells play an essential role during viral infection, we have studied the correlation between the expression of some th1/th2 cytokines, including il-2, il-5, il-6, il-10, and ifn-gamma, and immunological dynamics during primary and chronic htlv-1 infection in this model. we first demon ... | 2007 | 17223152 |
| clinical, neuropathological and immunohistochemical features of sporadic and variant forms of creutzfeldt-jakob disease in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) has been shown to be nearly as susceptible as the chimpanzee to experimentally induced creutzfeldt-jakob disease (cjd), and has been used extensively in diagnostic and pathogenetic studies. however, no information is available concerning the clinicopathological characteristics of different strains of human transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (tse) in this species, in particular, strains of sporadic and variant cjd (scjd and vcjd, respectively). brain ho ... | 2007 | 17251588 |
| herpesvirus saimiri episomal persistence is maintained via interaction between open reading frame 73 and the cellular chromosome-associated protein mecp2. | herpesvirus saimiri (hvs) is the prototype gamma-2 herpesvirus, which naturally infects the squirrel monkey saimiri sciureus, causing an asymptomatic but persistent infection. the latent phase of gamma-2 herpesviruses is characterized by their ability to persist in a dividing cell population while expressing a limited subset of latency-associated genes. in hvs only three genes, open reading frame 71 (orf71), orf72, and orf73, are expressed from a polycistronic mrna. orf73 has been shown to be th ... | 2007 | 17267510 |
| seasonality of reproduction in captive squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | seasonality of reproduction is believed to be influenced by environmental factors such as humidity, temperature, and photoperiod. in primates, there has been much speculation about which environmental factors have the greatest influence on reproductive seasonality. to determine whether environmental factors affect seasonality of reproduction of squirrel monkeys in captivity, i used path analysis to compare number of births and matings per month with monkeys kept in indoor enclosures (maintained ... | 2007 | 17387699 |
| noradrenergic mechanisms in cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug seeking in squirrel monkeys. | norepinephrine (ne) uptake and ne receptor mechanisms play important modulating roles in the discriminative stimulus and stimulant effects of cocaine. the present study investigated the role of ne mechanisms in cocaine priming-induced reinstatement of extinguished drug seeking. squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were trained to stability under a second-order fixed interval, fixed ratio schedule of drug self-administration in which operant responding was maintained jointly by i.v. cocaine inject ... | 2007 | 17505018 |
| responses of squirrel monkeys to seasonal changes in food availability in an eastern amazonian forest. | tropical forests are characterized by marked temporal and spatial variation in productivity, and many primates face foraging problems associated with seasonal shifts in fruit availability. in this study, i examined seasonal changes in diet and foraging behaviors of two groups of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus), studied for 12 months in eastern brazilian amazonia, an area characterized by seasonal rainfall. squirrel monkeys were primarily insectivorous (79% of feeding and foraging time), with ... | 2007 | 17154390 |
| olfactory sensitivity for putrefaction-associated thiols and indols in three species of non-human primate. | using a conditioning paradigm, the olfactory sensitivity of four spider monkeys, three squirrel monkeys and three pigtail macaques to four thiols and two indols, substances characteristic of putrefaction processes and faecal odours, was assessed. with all odorants, the animals significantly discriminated concentrations below 1 p.p.m. (part per million) from the odourless solvent, and in several cases individual animals even demonstrated thresholds below 1 p.p.t. (part per trillion). the detectio ... | 2007 | 18025016 |
| gaze alternation during "pointing" by squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus)? | gaze alternation (ga) is considered a hallmark of pointing in human infants, a sign of intentionality underlying the gesture. ga has occasionally been observed in great apes, and reported only anecdotally in a few monkeys. three squirrel monkeys that had previously learned to reach toward out-of-reach food in the presence of a human partner were videotaped while the latter visually attended to the food, a distractor object, or the ceiling. frame-by-frame video analysis revealed that, especially ... | 2007 | 17242934 |
| phylogenomics of species from four genera of new world monkeys by flow sorting and reciprocal chromosome painting. | the taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of new world monkeys (platyrrhini) are difficult to distinguish on the basis of morphology and because diagnostic fossils are rare. recently, molecular data have led to a radical revision of the traditional taxonomy and phylogeny of these primates. here we examine new hypotheses of platyrrhine evolutionary relationships by reciprocal chromosome painting after chromosome flow sorting of species belonging to four genera of platyrrhines included in the c ... | 2007 | 17767727 |
| multiple granulomas in three squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) caused by mycobacterium microti. | mycobacterium microti, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causes tuberculosis in small rodents and occasionally in other mammals including man. three adult male squirrel monkeys, two with a history of lethargy, weakness and stridor and one with paralysis of the hind legs, were presented for necropsy. one of the two lethargic animals showed multiple granulomas in the mesentery, mesenteric lymph nodes, lung, liver, kidneys and spleen, while the other showed granulomas only in the ... | 2007 | 17888448 |
| the effects of adenosine a2a receptor antagonists on haloperidol-induced movement disorders in primates. | adenosine and dopamine interact within the striatum to control striatopallidal output and globus pallidus gaba release. manipulating striatal adenosine transmission via blockade of the a2a receptor subtype can compensate for the reduced dopamine activity within the striatum that underlies movement disorders such as antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal syndrome (eps) and parkinson's disease (pd). preclinical studies in the rat have demonstrated that adenosine a2a receptor antagonists can attenuat ... | 2008 | 18594798 |
| sequence length polymorphisms within primate amelogenin and amelogenin-like genes: usefulness in sex determination. | sequence length polymorphisms between the amelogenin (amelx) and the amelogenin-like (amely) genes both within and between several mammalian species have been identified and utilized for sex determination, species identification, and to elucidate evolutionary relationships. sex determination via polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays of the amelx and amely genes has been successful in greater apes, prosimians, and two species of old world monkeys. to date, no sex determination pcr assay using am ... | 2008 | 18613027 |
| an in vivo and in vitro model of plasmodium falciparum rosetting and autoagglutination mediated by varo, a group a var gene encoding a frequent serotype. | in the saimiri sciureus monkey, erythrocytes infected with the varo antigenic variant of the plasmodium falciparum palo alto 89f5 clone bind uninfected red blood cells (rosetting), form autoagglutinates, and have a high multiplication rate, three phenotypic characteristics that are associated with severe malaria in human patients. we report here that varo parasites express a var gene having the characteristics of group a var genes, and we show that the varo duffy binding-like 1alpha(1) (dbl1alph ... | 2008 | 18809668 |
| a pcr-based marker to simply identify saimiri sciureus and s. boliviensis boliviensis. | squirrel monkeys, mainly saimiri sciureus and s. boliviensis, are common in zoos and widely used in biomedical research. however, an exact species identification based on morphological characteristics is difficult. hence, several molecular methods were proposed, but all of them are expensive and require extensive laboratory work. in contrast, we describe an alu integration, which is present in s. boliviensis boliviensis and absent in s. sciureus. among analyzed s. b. peruviensis specimens variou ... | 2008 | 18831057 |
| rosetting is associated with increased plasmodium falciparum in vivo multiplication rate in the saimiri sciureus monkey. | severe plasmodium falciparum malaria in african children is associated with high peripheral parasite densities and high rate of rosette-forming parasites. to explore the relationship between rosette formation and parasite density in vivo, we compared the multiplication rate of a rosette-forming variant (varo) of the palo alto line with a sibling non-rosetting variant (varr) in splenectomized saimiri monkeys. the multiplication rate of varo parasites was 1.5-fold higher than that of the varr vari ... | 2008 | 18400545 |
| prevalence and molecular phylogenetic characterization of trypanosoma (megatrypanum) minasense in the peripheral blood of small neotropical primates after a quarantine period. | neotropical primates of the cebidae and callitrichidae, in their natural habitats, are frequently infected with a variety of trypanosomes including trypanosoma cruzi, which causes a serious zoonosis, chagas' disease. the state of trypanosome infection after a 30-day quarantine period was assessed in 85 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and 15 red-handed tamarins (saguinus midas), that were wild-caught and exported to japan as companion animals or laboratory animals, for biomedical research, re ... | 2008 | 18576832 |
| social rank and social separation as determinants of alcohol drinking in squirrel monkeys. | alcohol may be self-administered for its anxiolytic effects to alleviate symptoms of stress, but different types of stressors have varying effects on alcohol intake. social stress is particularly relevant to alcohol drinking, and a primate model of stress-induced alcohol self-administration would be useful. | 2008 | 18641974 |
| ultrastructural analysis of the cristae ampullares in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | type i hair cells outnumber type ii hair cells (hcs) in squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) cristae by a nearly 3:1 ratio. associated with this type i hc preponderance, calyx fibers make up a much larger fraction of the afferent innervation than in rodents (fernández et al. [1995] j. neurophysiol. 73:1253-1269). to study how this affects synaptic architecture, we used disector methods to estimate various features associated with type i and type ii hcs in central (cz) and peripheral (pz) zones of ... | 2008 | 18729176 |
| effects of cocaine and related drugs in nonhuman primates. i. [3h]cocaine binding sites in caudate-putamen. | specific binding sites for [3h]cocaine were identified in caudate-putamen membranes prepared from nonhuman primate brains (macaca fascicularis and saimiri sciureus). saturation of the sites was determined in competition studies using a fixed concentration of [3h]cocaine (2.7 nm) and increasing concentrations of unlabeled cocaine (1 pm-100 microm). computer resolution of the shallow displacement curve (nh, 0.58) revealed that a two-component binding model [kd1, 19.2 nm, maximum binding1 (bmax1), ... | 2008 | 2529364 |
| rapid diagnosis and quantification of francisella tularensis in organs of naturally infected common squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | francisella tularensis, a small gram-negative facultative intracellular bacterium, is the causative agent of tularaemia, a severe zoonotic disease transmitted to humans mostly by vectors such as ticks, flies and mosquitoes. the disease is endemic in many parts of the northern hemisphere. among animals, the most affected species belong to rodents and lagomorphs, in particular hares. however, in the recent years, many cases of tularaemia among small monkeys in zoos were reported. we have developed ... | 2008 | 17875369 |
| staphylococcal meningoencephalitis, nematodiasis, and typhlocolitis in a squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | seizures were observed in a 16-year old male guyanese squirrel monkey with a history of inappetence and weakness. | 2009 | 19737242 |
| behavior patterns of southern bearded sakis (chiropotes satanas) in the fragmented landscape of eastern brazilian amazonia. | the endangered but poorly studied southern bearded saki, chiropotes satanas, faces extremes of habitat fragmentation throughout its geographic range in eastern amazonia. this article focuses on the behavior of the members of two groups--a large one (30-34 members) in continuous forest (home range=69 ha) and a much smaller one (7 members) on a 17-ha man-made island--at the tucuruí reservoir on the tocantins river. quantitative behavioral data were collected through scan and all-events sampling. b ... | 2009 | 18850586 |
| an outbreak of toxoplasmosis amongst squirrel monkeys in an israeli monkey colony. | an outbreak of toxoplasmosis in a colony of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) in israel is described. serological, pathological, and molecular findings of monkeys, as well as rodents and pigeons from the vicinity are summarized. seventy-nine percent (19/24) of monkeys were t. gondii seropositive at titer 1:16 whilst 4% (1/24) were also seropositive at titer 1:64 using the modified agglutination test (mat). eighty four percent (21/25) of rats were positive at titer 1:16 and 8% (2/25) of rats we ... | 2009 | 19019554 |
| colour versus quantity as cues in reverse-reward-competent squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | to assess the relative salience of colour and quantity cues, squirrel monkeys previously trained to reach for the smaller of two quantities of food in a reverse-reward contingency task received colour discrimination training. after initial failure to discriminate between two colours of dots under a differential reinforcement regime, they learned the task when the s- colour was associated with zero reward. the monkeys then showed good retention on the original reverse-reward task of 1 versus 4 wi ... | 2009 | 18720276 |
| outbreaks of toxoplasmosis in a captive breeding colony of squirrel monkeys. | toxoplasma gondii is highly virulent in new world monkeys, but despite numerous outbreaks observed in captive populations there are few reports of molecular characterization of strains. in this article, we describe two outbreaks of toxoplasmosis that occurred in 2001 and 2006 in an outdoor captive breeding colony of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) kept by the institut pasteur in french guiana. a microsatellite dna analysis of the biological samples collected in the 2001 and 2006 outbreaks sh ... | 2009 | 19423226 |
| primate community of the tropical rain forests of saracá-taqüera national forest, pará, brazil. | brazil is the richest country in the world in terms of primate species and the amazonian rain forest is one of the richest biomes containing 15 (ca. 90%) of the neotropical primate genera. although considered key elements in conservation strategies, there is only anecdotal information on primates for several protected areas within the region. here we present new data on the community composition of the primates in the saracá-taqüera national forest (429,600 ha), an actively mined, bauxite rich a ... | 2009 | 19967179 |
| sexual dimorphism in the squirrel monkey, saimiri sciureus (linnaeus, 1758) and saimiri ustus (i. geoffroy, 1844) (primates, cebidae). | causes and implications of sexual dimorphism have been studied in several different primates using a variety of morphological characters such as body weight, canine length, coat color and ornamentation. here we describe a peculiar coat color characteristic in the squirrel monkey that is present only in adult females over five years old and which increases with age. neither males nor young animals manifest this phenomenon, which is characterized by a spot of black hairs located anteriorly to the ... | 2009 | 19347161 |
| successive radiations, not stasis, in the south american primate fauna. | the earliest neotropical primate fossils complete enough for taxonomic assessment, dolichocebus, tremacebus, and chilecebus, date to approximately 20 ma. these have been interpreted as either closely related to extant forms or as extinct stem lineages. the former hypothesis of morphological stasis requires most living platyrrhine genera to have diverged before 20 ma. to test this hypothesis, we collected new complete mitochondrial genomes from aotus lemurinus, saimiri sciureus, saguinus oedipus, ... | 2009 | 19321426 |
| gustatory responsiveness to six bitter tastants in three species of nonhuman primates. | gustatory responsiveness of six adult squirrel monkeys, four spider monkeys, and five pigtail macaques to six bitter tastants was assessed in two-bottle preference tests of brief duration (2 min). animals were given the choice between a 30-mm sucrose solution and defined concentrations of a bitter tastant dissolved in a 30-mm sucrose solution. with this procedure, saimiri sciureus, ateles geoffroyi, and macaca nemestrina were found to significantly discriminate concentrations as low as 0.2, 0.05 ... | 2009 | 19399556 |
| ovarian aging in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | in female squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus), the reproductive period normally extends from approximately 2.5 years to the mid-teens. in the present study, we examined the age-associated cytological changes in the ovaries of 24 squirrel monkeys ranging in age from newborn to approximately 20 years. we found a significant, age-related decline in the number of primordial follicles, with the most pronounced loss occurring between birth and 5 years. after approximately 8 years of age, relatively fe ... | 2009 | 19656956 |
| discriminative stimulus effects of l-838,417 (7-tert-butyl-3-(2,5-difluoro-phenyl)-6-(2-methyl-2h-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethoxy)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine): role of gaba(a) receptor subtypes. | previous reports suggest that gamma-aminobutyric acid type a (gaba(a)) receptors containing alpha1 subunits may play a pivotal role in mediating the discriminative stimulus effects of benzodiazepines (bzs). l-838,417 (7-tert-butyl-3-(2,5-difluoro-phenyl)-6-(2-methyl-2h-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylmethoxy)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine) is a gaba(a) receptor modulator with intrinsic efficacy in vitro at alpha2, alpha3, and alpha5 subunit-containing gaba(a) receptors, and little demonstrable intrinsic e ... | 2010 | 19853619 |
| trabecular bone structure in the mandibular condyles of gouging and nongouging platyrrhine primates. | the relationship between mandibular form and biomechanical function is a topic of significant interest to morphologists and paleontologists alike. several previous studies have examined the morphology of the mandible in gouging and nongouging primates as a means of understanding the anatomical correlates of this feeding behavior. the goal of the current study was to quantify the trabecular bone structure of the mandibular condyle of gouging and nongouging primates to assess the functional morpho ... | 2010 | 19918988 |
| distribution of neprilysin and deposit patterns of abeta subtypes in the brains of aged squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | beta-amyloid (abeta) is deposited in the parenchyma and blood vessel walls of the senescent brain, and forms lesions termed senile plaques (sps) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (caa). since in alzheimer's disease (ad) excessive abeta is linked to cognitive deterioration, the mechanisms of degradation and clearance of abeta are now being researched for use in ad therapy. we conducted an immunohistochemical study of the patterns of deposition of two abeta subtypes (abeta40 and abeta42) and the dis ... | 2010 | 20462366 |
| flexibility in the use of requesting gestures in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | three squirrel monkeys, trained to make a requesting gesture, were tested in the presence of a human assistant whose visual attention varied across trials. when food was available in one dish and an empty dish was nearby, the monkeys pointed overwhelmingly toward the former, regardless of where the assistant was looking. looking at the assistant while pointing ("monitoring") peaked when she looked at them and when she attempted to engage them in joint attention. when only one dish was present, t ... | 2010 | 20568077 |
| cleft lip and palate associated with other malformations in a neotropical primate (saimiri ustus). | cleft lip (with or without cleft palate) has been documented in several species of nonhuman primates, which in general are susceptible at similar doses and stages of gestation to the same teratogens as humans. cleft lip can be unilateral or bilateral, isolated, syndromic, familial, or genetic. here we report the first case of syndromic cleft lip and palate in a male bare-eared squirrel monkey (saimiri ustus). associated with the orofacial clefts, the monkey manifested absence of bones, malformat ... | 2010 | 20587169 |
| ultrastructural aspects of lingual papillae in squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | saimiri sciureus is one of the smallest cebidae native of amazon region and also found at the biological reserve of northeast atlantic forest. it is an omnivore animal, with diversified diet that directly influences the lingual mucosa, which includes certain types of papillae with different organization levels. the present study attempted to describe the morphological and ultrastructure aspects of the dorsal surface of the s. sciureus. five tongues of de s. sciureus were analyzed from three male ... | 2010 | 20936674 |
| dna sequencing of 13 cytokine gene fragments of aotus infulatus and saimiri sciureus, two non-human primate models for malaria. | aotus and saimiri are non-human primate models recommended by the world health organization for experimental studies in malaria, especially for vaccine pre-clinical trials. however, research using these primates is hindered by the lack of specific reagents to evaluate immune responses to infection or vaccination. as a step toward developing molecular tools for cytokine expression studies in these species, primer pairs for 18 cytokine gene fragments were designed based on human dna sequences and ... | 2010 | 20943414 |
| comparison of rectal and tympanic core body temperature measurement in adult guyanese squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus sciureus). | measuring core body temperature in a manner that is safe for animals and veterinary personnel is an important part of a physical examination. for nonhuman primates, this can involve increased restraint, additional stress, as well as the use of anesthetics and their deleterious effects on body temperature measurements. the purpose of this study was to compare two non-invasive methods of infrared tympanic thermometry to standard rectal thermometry in adult squirrel monkeys. | 2010 | 20946145 |
| subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma in a common squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | leiomyosarcoma in soft tissue has only been reported in humans or animals. we performed pathological examination of a 3-years-old male squirrel monkey which had a large mass in the right axilla. the mass in the right axilla was surgically resected but it soon reoccurred. this tumor was diagnosed as a leiomyosarcoma based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry using the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and desmin. leiomyosarcoma in squirrel monkey has been reported in one case, there w ... | 2010 | 20057175 |
| identification of human specific gene duplications relative to other primates by array cgh and quantitative pcr. | in order to identify human lineage specific (hls) copy number differences (cnds) compared to other primates, we performed pair wise comparisons (human vs. chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan) by using cdna array comparative genomic hybridization (cgh). a set of 23 genes with hls duplications were identified, as well as other lineage differences in gene copy number specific of chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan. each species has gained more copies of specific genes rather than losing gene copies. el ... | 2010 | 20153417 |
| irregular xenoantibodies against human red blood cells in papio anubis, p ursinus, p hamadryas, p papio, saimiri sciureus, and macaca mulatta: possible effect on xenotransplantation results. | to assess the presence of irregular xenoantibodies against human red blood cells (rbcs) in 6 primate species used in xenotransplantation and other experimental procedures. | 2010 | 20172355 |
| experimental infection of squirrel monkeys with nipah virus. | we infected squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) with nipah virus to determine the monkeys' suitability for use as primate models in preclinical testing of preventive and therapeutic treatments. infection of squirrel monkeys through intravenous injection was followed by high death rates associated with acute neurologic and respiratory illness and viral rna and antigen production. | 2010 | 20202432 |
| pathological changes in captive monkeys with spontaneous yersiniosis due to infection by yersinia enterocolitica serovar o8. | an outbreak of fatal yersiniosis due to infection with yersinia enterocolitica serovar o8 is documented in two species of captive monkey. five of 50 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and one of two agile gibbons (hylobates agilis) died following several days of diarrhoea. necropsy examination revealed necrotizing enterocolitis and multifocal necrosis or abscesses in various organs. microscopically, these lesions comprised multifocal necrosis with bacterial colonies, neutrophils and accumulatio ... | 2010 | 20207365 |
| distribution and ultrastructural features of the serotonin innervation in rat and squirrel monkey subthalamic nucleus. | the main purpose of this light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical study was to characterize and compare the serotonin (5-ht) innervation of the subthalamic nucleus (stn) in rats and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) following labeling with an antibody against the 5-ht transporter (sert). unbiased counts of sert+ axon varicosities revealed an average density of 5-ht innervation higher in monkeys (1.52 x 10(6) varicosities/mm3) than rats (1.17 x 10(6)), particularly in the anterior half ... | 2010 | 20345924 |
| uterine leiomyoma in a guyanese squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus sciureus). | an adult female squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) presented with a 3.0 x 2.5 cm firm mass palpable within the caudal abdomen. differentiation of the organs or structures involved with the mass could not be achieved with radiography or ultrasonography. exploratory laparotomy revealed a mass within the lumen of the uterus; the mass was removed by partial hysterectomy. on gross examination, the mass was a focally extensive, unencapsulated, firm, solitary tumor. histologic examination revealed that ... | 2010 | 20353700 |
| comparative analysis of muscle architecture in primate arm and forearm. | a comparative study of myological morphology, i.e. muscle mass (mm), muscle fascicle length and muscle physiological cross-sectional area (an indicator of the force capacity of muscles), was conducted in nine primate species: human (homo sapiens), chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), gibbon (hylobates spp.), papio (papio hamadryas), lutong (trachypithecus francoisi), green monkey (chlorocebus aethiops), macaque monkey (macaca spp.), capuchin monkey (cebus albifrons) and squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureu ... | 2010 | 19958344 |
| living together: behavior and welfare in single and mixed species groups of capuchin (cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | there are potential advantages of housing primates in mixed species exhibits for both the visiting public and the primates themselves. if the primates naturally associate in the wild, it may be more educational and enjoyable for the public to view. increases in social complexity and stimulation may be enriching for the primates. however, mixed species exhibits might also create welfare problems such as stress from interspecific aggression. we present data on the behavior of single and mixed spec ... | 2010 | 19790191 |
| delay of gratification in capuchin monkeys (cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | in two separate series of experiments four capuchin monkeys (cebus apella) and four squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were given demonstration trials in which a human transferred six pieces of food, one by one, from out of each monkey's reach to within reach. on test trials the monkey could reach for the transferred food at any time, an action that ended the trial. therefore, it was in the monkey's interest to allow food items to accumulate before reaching for food. no capuchin monkey showed d ... | 2010 | 20476820 |
| pharmacokinetics of cefovecin in squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus), rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta), and cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis). | cefovecin sodium is a third-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic licensed for the treatment of skin infections in cats and dogs. the objective of our study was to assess whether its pharmacokinetic profile in squirrel monkey, rhesus macaques, and cynomolgus macaques was similar to that of dogs. plasma levels were determined by using protein precipitation followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. after subcutaneous dosing at 8 mg/kg, the plasma terminal half-life o ... | 2010 | 21205444 |
| adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex for forward-eyed foveate vision. | to maintain visual fixation on a distant target during head rotation, the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (avor) should rotate the eyes at the same speed as the head and in exactly the opposite direction. however, in primates for which the 3-dimensional (3d) avor has been extensively characterised (humans and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus)), the avor response to roll head rotation about the naso-occipital axis is lower than that elicited by yaw and pitch, causing errors in avor magnitude an ... | 2010 | 20724359 |
| social organization of a stable natal group of captive guyanese squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus sciureus). | socioecological models suggest competition for food, foraging efficiency, predation, infanticide risk, and the costs of dispersal regulate primate social structure and organization. wild populations of squirrel monkeys (saimiri spp.) appear to conform to the predictions of the predation/competition socioecological model (sterck et al. in behav ecol sociobiol 41:291-309, 1997) and the dispersal/foraging efficiency model (isbell in kinship and behavior in primates. oxford university, new york, pp ... | 2011 | 21826586 |
| squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) infected with the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy develop tau pathology. | squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) were infected experimentally with the agent of classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse). two to four years later, six of the monkeys developed alterations in interactive behaviour and cognition and other neurological signs typical of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (tse). at necropsy examination, the brains from all of the monkeys showed pathological changes similar to those described in variant creutzfeldt-jakob disease (vcjd) of man, except t ... | 2011 | 22018806 |
| caring about medullary anesthesia in saimiri sciureus: the conus medullaris topography. | saimiri sciureus is a new world non-human primate (nhp) that inhabits brazilian rain forests. surgical interventions in wild nhps can be considered common both for experimental studies procedures and corrective procedures for endangered species. among various anesthetic procedures, the epidural anesthesia or blockades, depending on the surgical procedure, might be considered elective for wild monkeys, mostly based on its safeness, efficiency and non-time consuming characteristics. however its sa ... | 2011 | 22146961 |
| selective attention to visual compound stimuli in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | five squirrel monkeys served under a simultaneous discrimination paradigm with visual compound stimuli that allowed measurement of excitatory and inhibitory control exerted by individual stimulus components (form and luminance/"color"), which could not be presented in isolation (i.e., form could not be presented without color). after performance exceeded a criterion of 75% correct during training, unreinforced test trials with stimuli comprising recombined training stimulus components were inter ... | 2011 | 21215303 |
| polyspecific associations between squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and other primates in eastern amazonia. | one of the most common types of polyspecific association observed in neotropical primate communities is that between squirrel monkeys (saimiri) and capuchins (cebus). the present study focused on association patterns in two saimiri sciureus groups in eastern brazilian amazonia, between march and october, 2009. the associations were analyzed in terms of the species involved, the degree of association, and niche breadth and overlap. the study involved two s. sciureus groups (b4 and gi) on the righ ... | 2011 | 21809365 |
| enrichment and individual differences affect welfare indicators in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | enrichment aims to improve captive animals' welfare by enhancing their environments. two of the struggles associated with measuring welfare are identifying when animals' needs are being met or surpassed and identifying how individual differences play a role in these outcomes. using a group of related guyanese squirrel monkeys, we studied changes in five welfare indicators under different environmental conditions. manipulating food presentation, walkways, and toys, we created five enrichment leve ... | 2011 | 21767008 |
| a novel form of oxytocin in new world monkeys. | oxytocin is widely believed to be present and structurally identical in all placental mammals. here, we report that multiple species of new world monkeys possess a novel form of oxytocin, [p8] oxytocin. this mutation arises from a substitution of a leucine to a proline in amino acid position 8. further analysis of this mutation in saimiri sciureus (squirrel monkey) indicates that [p8] oxytocin is transcribed and translated properly. this mutation is specific to oxytocin, as the peptide sequence ... | 2011 | 21411453 |
| pleistocene diversification of living squirrel monkeys (saimiri spp.) inferred from complete mitochondrial genome sequences. | in order to enhance our understanding of the evolutionary history of squirrel monkeys (saimiri spp.), we newly sequenced and analyzed data from seven complete mitochondrial genomes representing six squirrel monkey taxa. while previous studies have lent insights into the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus, phylogenetic relationships and divergence date estimates among major squirrel monkey clades remain unclear. using maximum likelihood and bayesian procedures, we inferred a highly resolved phyl ... | 2011 | 21443955 |
| reverse-reward learning in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus): retesting after 5 years, and assessment on qualitative transfer. | seven squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) previously trained on reverse-reward tasks were presented with the original "1-versus-4" task after a 5-year interval without reverse-reward experience (experiment 1). none of them reliably selected the smaller food array; however, at around chance level, their performance was superior to when they were first exposed to the task almost 6 years previously, suggesting some long-term memory retention. one naive monkey consistently selected the larger array, ... | 2011 | 21244136 |
| the impact of moving to a novel environment on social networks, activity and wellbeing in two new world primates. | among the stressors that can affect animal welfare in zoos, the immediate effect of relocation to a novel environment is one that has received little attention in the literature. here, we compare the social network, daily activity and the expression of stress-related behavior in capuchins (cebus apella) and squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) before and just after they were relocated to a new enriched enclosure. results showed similar immediate responses to the move in the two species. both show ... | 2011 | 21381071 |
| acute toxoplasmosis in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) in mexico. | toxoplasma gondii causes fatal multisystemic disease in new world primates, with respiratory failure and multifocal necrotic lesions. although cases and outbreaks of toxoplasmosis have been described, there are few genotyping studies and none has included parasite load quantification. in this article, we describe two cases of lethal acute toxoplasmosis in squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) of mexico city. the main pathological findings included pulmonary edema, interstitial pneumonia, hepatitis ... | 2011 | 21466920 |
| serotonin innervation of basal ganglia in monkeys and humans. | this review paper summarizes our previous contributions to the study of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-ht) innervation of basal ganglia in human and nonhuman primates under normal conditions. we have visualized the 5-ht neuronal system in squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus) and human postmortem materials with antibodies directed against either 5-ht, 5-ht transporter (sert) or 5-ht synthesizing enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase (tph). confocal microscopy was used to compare the distribution of 5-ht ... | 2011 | 21664455 |
| fatal cowpox virus infection in two squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus). | 2011 | 21743083 | |
| demography of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) in captive environments and its effect on population growth. | understanding which life-history variables have the greatest influence on population growth rate has great ecological and conservation importance. applying models of population regulation and demographic mechanisms can aid management and conservation of both wild and captive populations. by comparisons of sensitivity, elasticity, and life-table response analyses, we identified demographic processes that were most likely to produce changes in population size (via prospective analyses) and the tra ... | 2011 | 21678461 |
| Retrobulbar primitive neuroectodermal tumor in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). | Background A 2.8-year-old female captive-bred common squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) showed exophthalmos of the right eye, and the eye was surgically enucleated. A tumor mass was found in the eye. Methods Formalin-fixed tumor samples were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically for diagnosis. Results The retrobulbar tumor mass adhered to the sclera and infiltrated the choroid. Histopathologically, tumor cells were pleomorphic, arranged in a sheet pattern, and mimicked primit ... | 2011 | 22070126 |
| CEREBRAL Aß(42) DEPOSITS AND MICROVASCULAR PATHOLOGY IN AGEING BABOONS. | Background: Previous studies have extensively reported the deposition of amyloid ß (Aß) peptide with carboxyl- and amino-terminal heterogeneity in cortical and cerebrovascular deposits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in non-human primates except baboons. Methods: We examined the immunocytochemical distribution of Aß peptides and Aß oligomers in brain tissue from three subspecies of 18-28 year old baboons (Papio) and in other monkeys including the squirrel (Saimiri sciureus) and rhesus (Macaca mu ... | 2011 | 22126319 |
| the primate community of cachoeira (brazilian amazonia): a model to decipher ecological partitioning among extinct species. | dental microwear analysis is conducted on a community of platyrrhine primates from south america. this analysis focuses on the primate community of cachoeira porteira (para, brazil), in which seven sympatric species occur: alouatta seniculus, ateles paniscus, cebus apella, chiropotes satanas, pithecia pithecia, saguinus midas, and saimiri sciureus. shearing quotients are also calculated for each taxon of this primate community. dental microwear results indicate significant differences between ta ... | 2011 | 22076156 |
| perseveration on a reversal-learning task correlates with rates of self-directed behavior in nonhuman primates. | in humans and several nonhuman animals, repetitive behavior is associated with deficits on executive function tasks involving response inhibition. we tested for this relationship in nonhuman primates by correlating rates of normative behavior to performance on a reversal-learning task in which animals were required to inhibit a previously learned rule. we focused on rates of self-directed behavior (scratch, autogroom, self touch and manipulation) because these responses are known indicators of a ... | 2011 | 21419808 |
| measles vaccine expressing the secreted form of west nile virus envelope glycoprotein induces protective immunity in squirrel monkeys, a new model of west nile virus infection. | west nile virus (wnv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that emerged in north america and caused numerous cases of human encephalitis, thus urging the development of a vaccine. we previously demonstrated the efficacy of a recombinant measles vaccine (mv) expressing the secreted form of the envelope glycoprotein from wnv to prevent wnv encephalitis in mice. in the present study, we investigated the capacity of this vaccine candidate to control wnv infection in a primate model. we first established e ... | 2012 | 22551814 |