Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| contraction of guinea-pig trachea and bronchus by honey bee venom. | 1979 | 524384 | |
| [specific aspects in rast: bee-venom, dog- and cat-hair allergies]. | 1979 | 570766 | |
| comparison of phospholipase activity with direct and indirect lytic effects of animal venoms upon human red cells. | 1. the venoms of 22 species of arthropods, saurians, elapids and crotalids were studied concerning the phospholipase activity and the presence of a direct and an indirect lytic effect upon human red cells. 2. the venoms from the spiders latrodectus and "tarantula", and the venoms from the scorpions of the genus centruroides are not haemolytic and do not have phospholipase activity. 3. only the venoms of apis mellifera and naja naja siamensis have shown direct lytic effect. 4. all other venoms st ... | 1979 | 318305 |
| quantitative study on anomeric forms of glucose produced by alpha-glucosidases. | anomeric forms of glucose produced from phenyl alpha-maltoside, maltose, or phenyl alpha-glucoside have been determined quantitatively by simultaneous measurements of optical rotation and reducing power, for eight kinds of glucose-producing 1,4-alpha-glucosyl hydrolases, including glucose-forming amylase from human urine, and alpha-glucosidases from pig serum, honey bee, buckwheat seed, rice seed, sugar beet seed, flint corn seed, and brewer's yeast. all the eight enzymes studied were found to p ... | 1979 | 376499 |
| interactions between initiating chemical carcinogens, tumor promoters, and adenovirus in cell transformation. | cell culture systems that respond to the combined action of initiating chemical carcinogens, tumor promoters, and transforming viruses represent useful model systems for studying the complex multifactor nature of the carcinogenic process. we have utilized both secondary rat embryo (2 degrees re) and a clonal population of established fischer rat embryo (cref) cells to study the effect of multiple agents on the process of adenovirus transformation. in the present review we summarize our investiga ... | 1980 | 6119815 |
| immunoglobulin e and a levels in atopic and anaphylactic children. | seventy-six children between 18 months and 12 years of age were included in this study. sixty-one were atopic and 15 had anaphylaxis due to bee stings or drugs. immunoglobulins: a, g. m and e were determined and evaluated with respect to age and diagnosis. iga levels were lower in atopic children between six and ten years than in normals. ige levels were high in both atopic and anaphylactic patients but higher in the atopic than in the anaphylactic group. the results are discussed, focusing on t ... | 1980 | 6243451 |
| the use of bee venom melittin to assess the topography of membrane vesicles derived from paracoccus denitrificans. | there exists considerable controversy regarding membrane topography in vesicles derived by osmotic lysis of spheroplasts of gram-negative bacteria. it has been reported by others that bee venom can be used to quantitate the portion of a heterogeneous vesicle population with an inside-out orientation by determining the degree of loss of crypticity of nadh dehydrogenase activity. we have demonstrated that a major component of bee venom, melittin, causes an increase in the activity of several diffe ... | 1980 | 6257350 |
| some studies on the composition and surface properties of oil bodies from the seed cotyledons of safflower (carthamus tinctorius) and linseed (linum ustatissimum). | 1. the average oil-body diameter in intact cells of developing linseed (linum usitatissimum) and safflower (carthamus tinctorius) cotyledons was similar (about 1.4 micrometer), and there was little change in size after oil bodies were isolated and repeatedly washed. 2. the glycerolipid composition of washed oil bodies from both developing and mature cotyledons of the two species was similar; oil bodies from ten different batches of cotyledons contained 4.3 +/- 0.16 mumol of 3-sn-phosphatidylchol ... | 1980 | 7008782 |
| an immunoenzyme assay for quantitation of human igg antibodies to honeybee venom phospholipase a2. | a new method to measure the concentrations of igg antibodies to phospholipase a2 in sera from patients treated with honeybee venom immunotherapy is described. this method utilizes a microcentrifugal analyzer to detect inhibition of pla2 enzymatic activity by antibodies in serum standards and unknowns. sera from beekeepers with known concentrations of specific antibodies, measured by radioimmunoprecipitation, were used to construct a logit-log standard curve for the immunoenzyme assay. the standa ... | 1980 | 6987314 |
| stepwise cleavage of the pro part of promelittin by dipeptidylpeptidase iv. evidence for a new type of precursor--product conversion. | melittin, the main constituent of honeybee venom, is derived from promelittin. in the amino acid sequence of the 'pro' region of this precursor, every second residue is either proline or alanine. the possibility has been investigated that activation of promellitin might proceed via sequential liberation of dipeptides catalyzed by a dipeptidylpeptidase iv. as substrates we used promelittin isolated from queen bees fed with radioactive proline, and enzymatic fragments of prepromelittin which conta ... | 1980 | 7002560 |
| purification and preliminary characterization of spiroplasma fibrils. | fibrils 3.5 nm in diameter were released from the honeybee spiroplasma (bc3) by treatment with detergents and then purified by isopycnic centrifugation. purified fibrils were flexuous, of indeterminate length, and had an axial repeat of 8.5 nm. the fibrils were associated in pairs, but in 1 m salt formed aggregates with a marked striated appearance. pronase completely degraded the fibrils, but trypsin had little effect. the fibrils were composed of a single protein of molecular weight 55,000 whi ... | 1980 | 7189752 |
| intrinsic differences in the perturbing ability of alkanols in bilayer: action of phospholipase a2 on the alkanol-modified phospholipid bilayer. | the kinetic parameters for the steady-state rate of hydrolysis of egg phosphatidylcholine in multilamellar vesicles by bee venom phospholipase a2 are measured in the presence of 27 alkanols and several organic solvents. in general, small nonpolar solutes like enflurane, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, chloroform and diethylether do not promote the hydrolysis of multilamellar vesicles. the rate of hydrolysis shows a biphasic dependence upon the alkanol concentration for all higher (c5-c9) alcohols exam ... | 1980 | 7191009 |
| apamin, a nonspecific antagonist of smooth muscle relaxants. | apamin, a peptide of bee venom, was shown to inhibit the relaxant responses of guinea-pig taenia caeci to atp, noradrenaline, adenosine and, less effectively, to stimulation of noradrenergic inhibitory nerves. thus apamin acts nonspecifically and, contrary to the suggestion of vladimirova and shuba (1978), the fact that inhibitory responses due to nerve stimulation and atp are blocked by the toxin does not allow conclusions as to the possible transmitter role of atp in these nerves. | 1980 | 7366739 |
| albumin mediates lysis of erythrocytes by bee venom phospholipase a2 activated with oleoyl imidazolide. | 1980 | 7380019 | |
| [basic peptides from bee venom, iv. synthesis of the mast cell-degranulating peptide by liquid-phase fragment condensation (author's transl)]. | the synthesis of the mast cell-degranulating peptide by liquid-phase fragment condensation is described. after the carboxyterminal of the peptide is condensated with polyethylene-glycol (mr 10000) the following fragments are coupled stepwise on the polymer, a soluble carrier in dichloromethane by the dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/hydroxybenzotriazole-method. pos. 17-21 boc-lys(z)-ile-cys(sipr)-gly-lys(z) (i) pos. 12-16 boc-pro-his(trt)-ile-cys(trt)-arg(tos) (ii) pos. 8-11 boc-his(trt)-val-ile-lys(z) ... | 1980 | 7380391 |
| [basic peptides in bee venom, vi. structure-activity studies on the anti-inflammatory effects of derivatives and fragments of the mcd-peptide (author's transl)]. | mastcell-degranulating peptide from bee venom exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenine-inflammation model on mice and rats. its dose/response relationship corresponds to that of dexamethasone. in the 125i-rat serum albumin-test the substance shows an inhibitory effect of 87% on the developing carrageenine edema at a dose of 1 mg/kg; in contrast the bee venom peptides apamin and melittin exhibit small edema supressing effects. the anti-inflammatory characteristics of mcd-peptide ha ... | 1980 | 7380393 |
| multi-image camera for spot radiography at fluoroscopic examinations. | the image quality of photofluorographic spot films (70, 100 or 105mm) has bee gradually improving as high resolution image intensification has evolved. with newly available 1023-line fluoroscopic monitors providing 2.8 line pairs/mm resolution, it is now possible to photograph diagnostic images directly off the monitor. such images provide detail similar to that currently available on 100mm spot films. a multi-image camera has been modified to record spot films from the video disc image resultin ... | 1980 | 7384502 |
| in vitro peripheral airway constriction to honey bee venom in cat. | isolated lung parenchymal strips (peripheral airways) of cats responded to histamine, carbachol, 5-ht, bradykinin and honey bee-venom with concentration-dependent contractions. atropine, mepyramine and methysergide inhibited or reversed contractions to carbachol, histamine and 5-ht respectively. atropine, methysergide and indomethacin did not influence contractions to honey bee venom. high doses of mepyramine (h1-antagonist) inhibited or reversed the bee venom-induced contractions. these observ ... | 1980 | 7404985 |
| action of phospholipase a2 on unmodified phosphatidylcholine bilayers: organizational defects are preferred sites of action. | the hydrolytic action of the bee venom phospholipase a2 on phosphatidylcholine bilayers is studied under a variety of conditions that introduce alterations in the packing, such as those induced by sonication, gel to liquid crystalline phase transition, and osmotic shock. two phases of hydrolysis could be resolved under a wide range of experimental conditions. with the various forms of the bilayers one observes only a partial hydrolysis of the total available substrate during the first phase. how ... | 1980 | 7411590 |
| the effect of apamin on nonadrenergic, noncholinergic nervous vasodilatations in the cat small intestine. | the intestinal vasodilation evoked by mechanical mucosal stimulation or by transmural electrical field stimulation was abolished by close i.a. injection of apamin, a polypeptide originally isolated from bee venom. apamin also blocked the vasodilatation induced by close i.a. infusion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip). it is suggested that apamin is a vip receptor antagonist. | 1980 | 7418803 |
| polymerized insoluble bee venom. | using a polymerization process previously used for ragweed allergens, honeybee venom was polymerized. instead of soluble polymers, an insoluble precipitate, polymerized insoluble bee venom (pibv), is the result. a major allergen of honeybee venom, 125i phospholipase a (pl-a) incorporated into pibv, was shown to have decreased dissemination from subcutaneous injection sites. after thorough mixing, samples of pibv can be withdrawn from a vial with a syringe with no more than 10% error. approximate ... | 1980 | 7430506 |
| interference in ragweed pollen and honeybee venom radioallergosorbent tests. | we studied sera from patients sensitive to short ragweed (srw) and honeybee venom (hbv) to investigate serum factors able to interfere with the measurement of ige antibody levels by the radioallergosorbent test (rast). we heated sera to destroy ige antibodies and tested them for interference in the rast. heating sera for 4 hr at 56 degrees c destroyed up to 98% of the ige antibody activity. after immunotherapy sera from patients sensitive to srw and hbv produced striking interference in the rast ... | 1980 | 7440856 |
| effect of tumor promoters on induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in human lymphocytes. | the induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylases in lymphocytes is dependent on their activation. the tumor-promoting phorbol esters which induce blast formation and dna synthesis in lymphocytes enable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to induce aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylases. melittin, the major constituent of bee venom, acts synergistically with these phorbol esters in enhancing both lymphocyte activation and hydroxylase synthesis. since aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylases convert procarcinogens to carc ... | 1980 | 7449754 |
| the action of apamin on guinea-pig taenia caeci. | apamin (10(-7) m), a substance extracted from bee venom (apis mellifica) causes stimulation of the taenia caeci as seen from an increase in spike activity. the inhibitory effect of atp or adrenaline (adr) was reflected by hyperpolarization of the muscle cell, cessation of spike activity and relaxation of the muscle. the 42k efflux and the membrane conductance were enhanced in the presence of these substances. apamin converted the hyperpolarization caused by atp or adr into a transient depolariza ... | 1980 | 7461033 |
| two species of full-length cdna are synthesized in high yield by melittin-treated avian retrovirus particles. | a method of activating endogenous cdna synthesis in avian retroviruses that results in the formation of two species of full-length cdna in high yield is described. tests of biological activity show infectivity of at least the same order of magnitude as for full-length cdna made by other procedures. melittin, the major component of bee venom, is used as an alternative to nonionic detergents to make the viral envelope permeable and thus activate the endogenous rna-dependent dna polymerase. this co ... | 1980 | 6153806 |
| differential reactivity of isolated mast cells from the rat and guinea pig. | the effects of various chemical histamine liberators on isolated rat peritoneal, rat mesenteric and guinea-pig mesenteric mast cells were examined. all three cell types responded, but to different degrees, to calcium ionophores and surface active agents. the rat mesenteric cells also reponded, but less effectively than the peritoneal cells, to compound 48/80, peptide 401 from bee venom and atp. rat mesenteric cells were essentially refractory to the action of dextran and guinea-pig cells were al ... | 1980 | 6158454 |
| [effects of melittin and its tetraacetyl derivative on rat liver mitochondria]. | the uncoupling effect of melittin, the principal peptide of bee venom was studied. it was found that the activation of mitochondrial respiration by melittin and its derivative is due to the formation of channels equally penetrable for lithium, sodium, potassium and rubidium ions. the penetrability of the inner mitochondrial membrane appears at melittin or tetraacetyl melittin concentrations about 0.90 or 0.15 nmol/mg of protein, respectively. the appreciable increase of the uncoupling activity o ... | 1980 | 6165401 |
| piracetam activity may differ according to the age of the recipient mouse. | piracetam has bee administered to young and old mice to investigate whether the age may differently modulate the activity of this centrally acting drug. after piracetam administration, old mice showed a notably greater increase of their brain tryptophan than young animals. furthermore, piracetam significantly improves the learning capacity of young mice, but the drug is remarkably more active in improving the performance by old mice. these facts may then suggest that this compound is especially ... | 1980 | 6165698 |
| [a mathematical simulation model to estimate the population development in a bee (apis mellifera l.) colony following infestation with the mite varroa jacobsoni oud]. | 1980 | 7223185 | |
| the effects of honey bee (apis mellifera l.) venom and two of its constituents, melittin and phospholipase a2, on the cardiovascular system of the rat. | 1980 | 7210027 | |
| dna homology among diverse spiroplasma strains representing several serological groups. | deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) homology among 10 strains of spiroplasma associated with plants and insects was assessed by analysis of dna-dna hybrids with single strand specific s1 nuclease. based on dna homology, the spiroplasmas could be divided into three genetically distinct groups (designated i, ii, and iii), corresponding to three separate serogroups described previously. dna sequence homology between the three groups was less than or equal to 5%. based on dna homology, group i could be divi ... | 1980 | 7214225 |
| the honey-bee "dance language" and the foundations of biology and behavior. | 1980 | 7242102 | |
| studies on a peptide with red pigment-concentrating and hyperglycemic activity from the cephalic endocrine system of the honeybee, apis mellifera. | 1980 | 7461444 | |
| adrenaline for bee-stings. | 1980 | 6107788 | |
| immunological studies on bee-keepers: specific igg and subclass typing igg against bee venom and bee venom components. | specific ige antibodies against bee venom and its components were studied in 23 bee-keepers. the highest igg serum levels were observed for whole bee venom followed by phospholipase a. the serum levels of specific igg antibodies against melittin and mcd-peptide were lower, the lowest serum levels being observed for apamin. after a 5 month absence from bee-keeping a fall in the serum levels of igg antibodies was observed in all the bee-keepers studied. the investigation of the igg subclass antibo ... | 1980 | 7464005 |
| injectable adrenaline for bee stings. | 1980 | 6107705 | |
| on the significance of severe local reactions to hymenoptera stings. | of 317 patients with hypersensitivity to hymenoptera stings forty had severe local reactions (slr) only, fifty-nine reported severe local reactions before their first and seven after their last systemic reaction (sr). the probability to develop a life threatening systemic reaction when restung after a severe local reaction was calculated to be about 5%. in 80% of the patients with severe local reactions only, hypersensitivity to either bee or yellow jacket venom could be demonstrated by skin tes ... | 1980 | 7460262 |
| a critical evaluation of rast to venoms of hymenoptera. | rast to venoms were done on 108 sera. positive rast to one or more venoms of hymenoptera found in 51% (41/80) patients with a generalized reaction to the sting of hymenoptera and in 7% (2/28) of normal controls were critically evaluated. rast determinations for each sera were done in duplicate and results averaged. the laboratories were not told which sera belonged to patients with allergy to hymenoptera and which belonged to controls. in ten patients, one half of the original sera were saved an ... | 1980 | 7460261 |
| anaphylactic reactions to hymenoptera stings in asthmatic patients. | we evaluated 587 cases with generalized reactions to stings of hymenoptera. eighty of these patients and twenty-eight normal controls had radioallergosorbent tests (rast) to venoms of honey bee, yellow jacket, hornet, wasp and to phospholipase a. those patients with systemic reactions had a significantly greater frequency of positive rast than normal controls (51.3% vs. 7.1%, p < 0.001). the frequency of atopy (asthma/rhinitis) in case these 587 cases was only 22% and resembled the expected freq ... | 1980 | 7460260 |
| bee venom immunotherapy. | 1980 | 7207358 | |
| allergy to bee stings: a review. | 1980 | 7017118 | |
| next year's bee and wasp stings. | 1980 | 6107595 | |
| purification and chemical characterization of melittin and acetylated derivatives. | melittin, the main basic and hydrophobic peptide of bee venom, displays marked detergent-like properties. at high peptide concentration, and depending on salt and ph, it forms a tetramer. this is prevented by using urea. a purification procedure in presence of 4.0 m urea was developed to prepare melittin in its monomeric form, free of other venom constituents such as n alpha-formyl melittin, degradation products of peptides and phospholipase a2. nh2-residues on the melittin molecule were modifie ... | 1980 | 7437462 |
| [a case of bee sting nephrosis (author's transl)]. | 1980 | 7462764 | |
| bee venom immunotherapy. | 1980 | 7411818 | |
| structural studies of bee melittin. | 1980 | 19431375 | |
| the evolution of multiple mating behavior by honey bee queens (apis mellifera l.). | a model is presented showing that natural selection operating at the individual level can adequately explain the evolution of multiple mating behavior by honey bee queens. group selection need not be invoked. the fitness of a given female genotype is a function of the number of sex alleles in the population, the number of matings by an individual female and the specific parameters that determine the relationship of brood viability to individual fitness. even though the exact relationship is not ... | 1980 | 7203010 |
| diagnosis and treatment of anaphylactic reactions to hymenoptera stings in children. | forty-four children (mean age 9.6 years) with a history of an allergic reaction(s) to an insect sting and with positive insect venom skin tests were studied. ige antibodies (rast) to honeybee phospholipase a and to yellow jacket venom were found in the sera of 78% and 77%, respectively, of these patients. the patients were immunized with the appropriate venoms over a 15-week course and most were then subjected to an in-hospital sting; there was a 3% reaction rate (1/37). clinical protection as a ... | 1980 | 7400882 |
| pollen carryover, nectar rewards, and pollinator behavior with special reference to diervilla lonicera. | pollen carryover was measured in three species of bumble bee pollinated plants by counting the numbers of foreign grains applied to the stigmas of a series of flowers by bumble bees. deposition declined with the number of flowers visited in a roughly exponential fashion; most grains were deposited on the first few flowers, but some grains went much farther, the maximum carryover being 54 flowers. variation in deposition was very high. in diervilla lonicera, bees desposited significantly more gra ... | 1980 | 28310628 |
| ige and igg antibodies to bee venom as measured by a modification of the rast method. | the radioallergosorbent test (rast) has been widely used in studying allergy to hymenoptera stings, but with variable results. we report here a modification of the rast method which in a total of 157 bee keepers and family members, gave a close correlation between a positive rast, and a history of generalized (100%) or localized (95%) allergic reactions. there was no positive rast among forty-nine non-atopic control subjects but a striking finding was that 58% of non-allergic bee keepers had sig ... | 1980 | 7449075 |
| paradoxes of the honey-bee "dance language" hypothesis. | 1980 | 7431952 | |
| changes in morphology of dendritic spines on honeybee calycal interneurons associated with cumulative nursing and foraging experiences. | using the rapid golgi method, the morphology of dendritic spines was quantified in the calyxes of groups of newly emerged, nurse, and forager honeybees. these groups were studied because they represented distinct stages of behavioral development and cumulative experience which, according to recent vertebrate findings, may be associated with enlargement of the spine head and stem shortening. measurements were made of spine density, overall spine length, stem length, maximum head width, and profil ... | 1980 | 7378790 |
| modified basophil degranulation test in diagnosis of bee and wasp sting allergies. | a modified basophil degranulation test proved reliable and easily reproducible in the investigation of 50 patients with allergies to bee and/or wasp stings. its diagnostic value is comparable to that of the rast and it is, in addition, simpler, quicker and cheaper. its disadvantage is that it has to be performed within 24-36 hours after withdrawal of blood. | 1980 | 6160780 |
| honey bee immunotherapy. | 1980 | 7412690 | |
| alcoholic bouin fixation of insect nervous systems for bodian silver staining. ii. modified solutions. | a previously devised synthetic equivalent of 'aged alcoholic bouin (duboscq-brasil) fixative was modified in various ways to discover which of the chemical changes brought about by aging were important in improving fixation and staining. effects were tested with ventral nerve cord ganglia of the cockroach periplaneta americana, locust schistocerca gregaria, and honey bee apis mellifera. formation of reaction products, chiefly ethyl acetate and diethoxymethane, seemed to play only a subsidiary ro ... | 1980 | 6161444 |
| [studies on potassium transport through glial cell membranes (author's transl)]. | the retina of the honeybee drone is used as a model for the study of ion movements across the membranes of the glial cells caused by changes in the extracellular potassium concentration. the values found for changes in extracellular potential suggest that at least some of the potassium that enters glial cells in an active region of tissue is associated with an efflux of potassium from parts of the glial syncytium not affected by an increase in extracellular potassium concentration. in addition, ... | 1980 | 7421023 |
| [the effect of light on glycogen turnover in the retina of the honeybee drone (author's transl)]. | the retina of the compound eye of the drone (apis mellifera) comprises two distinct classes of cells: the photoreceptors and the glial cells. the photoreceptors contain mitochondriae and the photopigment (rhodopsin). the glial cells do not contain mitochondriae, but large amounts of glycogen granules. light stimulation causes intraglial glycogen metabolism to accelerate. since glial cells are not directly excitable by light, it is deduced that the absorption of light by rhodopsin must somehow ca ... | 1980 | 7421022 |
| [basic peptides in been venom, v. synthesis of four fragments from the sequence of apamin (author's transl)]. | the synthesis of the following four fragments by conventional methods is described: pos. 15-17 boc-cys(sipr)-gln(mbh)-gln(mbh) (i) pos. 10-14 boc-leu-cys(trt)-ala-arg(tos)-arg(tos) (ii) pos. 5-9 boc-ala-pro-glu(gammabzl)-thr-ala (iii) pos. 1-4 boc-cys(sipr)-asn-cys(sipr)-lys(z) (iv) these peptides are fragments of apamin, a basic, neurotoxic peptide from bee venom. the purity of the products was examined by thin-layer chromatography, amino acid and elemental analysis. it is possible to synthesiz ... | 1980 | 7380392 |
| fine structural aspects of the developing compound eye of the honey bee, apis mellifera l. | 1980 | 7373705 | |
| melittin forms crystals which are suitable for high resolution x-ray structural analysis and which reveal a molecular 2-fold axis of symmetry. | melittin is the principal protein component of bee venom and is believed to function as a lytic agent. in aqueous salt solution, it is a tetramer of identical peptides, each with 26 amino acid residues. although its amino acid composition is unusually nonpolar, and although it is believed to integrate into membranes while lysing cells, melittin is water-soluble at neutral ph. two crystal forms have been grown from solutions containing ammonium sulfate and sodium formate, and their x-ray diffract ... | 1980 | 7358689 |
| anthophora bees: unusual glycerides from maternal dufour's glands serve as larval food and cell lining. | the dufour's gland of anthophora abrupta, a solitary bee, secretes a complex mixture of liquid triglycerides containing one long-chain and two shortchain fatty acids. this is applied inside the earthen brood cells and added to the provision, where it is converted, perhaps by enzymes from the bee's saliva or gut, to solid diglycerides that are later eaten by the bee larvae. this use of dufour's gland secretion as food and its nutritive function are reminiscent of the royal jelly secreted by honey ... | 1980 | 17759841 |
| spore load of ascosphaera species on emerging adults of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, megachile rotundata. | the spore load of ascosphaera species spores on larval chalkbrood cadavers and newly emergent adults of the alfalfa leafcutting bee, megachile rotundata, was determined. the spore content of chalkbrood cadavers ranged from 3 x 10 to 5 x 10. adults emerging through zero to nine cadavers carried spores on all body parts examined by scanning electron microscopy. estimates of the total number of spores obtained from a series of adult washes ranged from 9 x 10 to 8 x 10. some adult males which emerge ... | 1980 | 16345532 |
| correlations between glucose-inhibition and control parameters of alpha-glucosidase kinetics in apis mellifica haemolymph (hymenoptera: insecta). | kinetics studies of haemolymph alpha-glucosidase inhibition by d. glucose led to general correlations between inhibition and control parameters, all over the honeybee development. maximum velocities are not affected by the inhibition, while affinity constants are always significantly increased, and hill coefficients tend to decrease, especially in for-aging adults and in prenymphs. in this later case, the 'n-type' effect tends to break the manifestation of the 'k-type' mechanism. | 1980 | 6989618 |
| sun compensation by bees. | in both their navigation and dance communication, bees are able to compensate for the sun's movement. when foragers are prevented from seeing the sun for 2 hours, they compensate by extrapolation, using the sun's rate of movement when last observed. these and other data suggest a time-averaging processing strategy in honey bee orientation. | 1980 | 17795641 |
| flight patterns of foraging bees relative to density of artificial flowers and distribution of nectar. | flight patterns of honeybees (apis mellifera ligustica) were quantified as the bees foraged among artificial 'flowers' for sugar solution ('nectar'). bees exhibited considerable directionality on successive flights which minimized repeat visits to flowers and they usually made short flights to nearby flowers, thus minimizing flight time. the change in direction on successive flights between flowers were independent of the number of immediately preceding consecutive rewarding visits but decreased ... | 1980 | 28310557 |
| structural properties of signal peptides and their membrane insertion. | structural properties of the amino acid sequences from 22 signal peptides have been analyzed and compared with peptides known to interact with biological membranes and liposomes, melittin, a lytic peptide of bee venom, and the non-polar c-terminal segment of cytochrome b5. all these peptides evidence a double amphipatic structure with an hydrophobic core of 9 to 24 amino acid residues and two charged polar ends. they all exhibit a high potential for making alpha-helix and, to a lesser degree, ex ... | 1980 | 17941179 |
| observations on the mitochondrial complex and head differentiation during spermiogenesis of the stingless bee melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides lep. | this study describes the transformations which occur in the mitochondria and nucleus of the melipona spermatid during the maturation process. | 1980 | 7428438 |
| a stereological analysis of developing egg chambers in the honeybee queen, apis mellifera. | a polytrophic ovariole of the queen honeybee, apis mellifera, is composed of a linear series of increasingly mature egg chambers, each consisting of an oocyte, an interconnected cluster of nurse cells, and a covering layer of follicle cells. this study describes changes in the volume of each of these components, as a function of the position of the egg chamber in the ovariole. an oocyte increases in volume from approximately 8.9 x 10(3) micrometers3 to approximately 9.6 x 10(6) micrometers3 over ... | 1980 | 7388928 |
| pesticides and honey bees: nectar and pollen contamination in alfalfa treated with dimethoate. | medicago sativa l. (leguminosae) sprayed with o,o-dimethyl s-(n-methylcarbamoylmethyl) phosphorodithioate (dimethoate) had only 0.5 ppm of dimethoate in pollen one day later, but 3 ppm in nectar one week later, and 1 ppm in nectar two weeks later. as little as 1 ppm added to syrup fed to caged workers of apis mellifera l. (apidae) inhibited cholinesterase and reduced survival. bees given a choice between treated and untreated syrups showed no preference; this suggests that the levels of dimethoa ... | 1980 | 7387183 |
| isolation and characterization of a water-soluble photopigment from honeybee compound eye. | 1980 | 7192027 | |
| [bee venom allergy (a model of an ige-mediated immediate-type allergy)]. | 1980 | 7013279 | |
| [specific immunotherapy of allergic diseases: application, effect and side-effects (author's transl)]. | based on the results of 500 patients suffering from bee-venom allergy, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis and food allergy the necessary diagnostic procedures leading to specific immunotherapy are discussed. the immunstimulating potential of the vaccines varies from patient to patient and is decreased after some viral infections. good results are seen in young patients and when a low number of allergens is incorporated in the vaccine. side effects of minor importance are seen ... | 1980 | 6936976 |
| [inter-racial modifications of glycemia in the honeybee (apis mellifica l.)]. | the haemolymph levels of trehalose, glucose and fructose in foraging worker bees, have been compared in 4 different colonies of each of the following races: mellifica (m), ligustica (l), caucasica (c) and their hybrids. significant differences were found between races, with increasing values in the order: l leads to m leads to c leads to (l x c) x m; in the extreme cases, the amplitude of those differences reached a 1 to 4 range for glucose and 1 to 5 for fructose. the trehalose levels showed lo ... | 1980 | 6451277 |
| [dose/response relations of insulin and glucagon on honeybee glycemia]. | two hours after insulin-injection to emerging bees, hypoglucosemia occurs significantly with doses from 10(-2) to 10(2) ng per bee, with a maximum (-53 p. cent) from 0.1 to 1 ng, that is equivalent to 0.02 to 0.2 i.u./kg. hyperglucosemic effects of glucagon, 1 hour 30 mn after injection, are significant with doses from 10 to 500 ng per bee, with a maximum (+ 146 p. cent) for 100 ng, that is: 844 micrograms/kg. the trehalosemia shows lower variations in the same time. | 1980 | 6446353 |
| ionic and possible metabolic interactions between sensory neurones and glial cells in the retina of the honeybee drone. | this is a review paper that includes original calculations and figures. the drone retina is composed of two essentially uniform populations of cells, the photoreceptors and the glial cells. the photoreceptors contain many mitochondria but no glycogen has been detected; the glial cells contain much glycogen and very few mitochondria. the oxygen consumption of the photoreceptors in the dark is 20 microliters min-1 per g of retinal tissue and in response to a single flash of light there is an extra ... | 1981 | 7334321 |
| bee venom immunotherapy: clinical and immunologic observations. | in the present study the authors evaluated the usefulness of pure venom (pv) in the diagnosis and prevention of bee allergy in a group of 25 patients. in addition, they followed changes in specific ige and igg serum levels during the course of immunotherapy. they found excellent correlation between the clinical history and skin test reactivity to pv. the rast values correlated well with skin test but were somewhat less specific. they used a rather moderate schedule of desensitization by which a ... | 1981 | 7325420 |
| non-competitive inhibition of honeybee haemolymph pnp-alpha-d-glucosidase by chloramphenicol.--a study in vitro. | the haemolymph pnp-alpha-d-glucosidase activity of emerging worker bees shows a tendency towards negative cooperativity (n = 0.92). the relation between initial velocity and enzyme concentration is not exactly linear (bilogarithmic exponent = 0.91). between 25 degrees and 31 degrees c, the activation energy, ea = 38.2 kj/mol. chloramphenicol administered in vitro decreases the maximum velocity and re-establishes pure michaelian kinetics (n congruent 1.0). the hill coefficient for the binding of ... | 1981 | 6176196 |
| honey bee orientation: a backup system for cloudy days. | on cloudy days, honey bees are known to navigate to familiar food sources and orient their dances accurately. this capacity could be based on a magnetic compass sense, an ability to perceive the sun or patterns of polarized light through the clouds, or on the bees' memory of the diurnal course of the sun with respect to local landmarks. experiments pitting these alternatives against one another demonstrate that the navigational backup system of bees is based on memory. | 1981 | 17808669 |
| [antibody response pattern (specific ige and igg) of insect sting allergic patients in immunotherapy with venom preparations]. | the concentrations of venom specific ige (phadebas-rast) and igg (phadebas igg-rast) were monitored in sera of 22 patients with histories of systemic anaphylactic reactions following insect stings who underwent immunotherapy with venom extracts (bee venom and/or yellow jacket venom). analysis of the immunological parameters during immunotherapy revealed great individual variation in the degree of response concerning both specific ige and igg antibodies. nevertheless, four typical patterns of imm ... | 1981 | 7313646 |
| [a case of death from a bee sting]. | a case of severe shock due to bee poison with outcome in death is reported. the blood clotting picture was compromised owing to the presence in the circulation of heparin-like substances. a pharmacological study is proposed with a view to making a further contribution to the underlying cause of the disease. | 1981 | 7335181 |
| insect venom allergy: a prospective case study showing lack of correlation between immunologic reactivity and clinical sensitivity. | this case report demonstrates the lack of correlation between clinical sensitivity to insect venoms and immunologic reactivity as indicated by the presence of venom-specific igg. a 20-yr-old venom collector was monitored over a 3-yr period with measurements of venom-specific ige (skin test and rast) and venom-specific igg. in the first year of venom collection, multiple stings were tolerated with no reaction. in the second season, she had an anaphylactic reaction after a yellow jacket sting. sub ... | 1981 | 7299004 |
| bee sting of the esophagus. | 1981 | 7278918 | |
| [allergic reactions to honey bee and wasp venoms (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 7301766 | |
| properties of a filamentous virus of the honey bee (apis mellifera). | an ellipsoidal particle, measuring 450 x 150 nm, from honey bees comprises a nucleocapsid measuring 3000 x 40 nm, containing double-stranded dna with a molecular weight of approximately 12 x 10(6), which is coiled within a membrane. the buoyant densities in cscl of the whole particle, nucleocapsid, dna and dna with ethidium bromide are 1.28, 1.36, 1.71 and 1.61 g/ml, respectively. the particle contains about 12 proteins, with molecular weights ranging from 13,000 to 70,000, which are distributed ... | 1981 | 18635091 |
| lower eocene and paleocene gentianaceae: floral and palynological evidence. | lower eocene flowers with pistillipollenites macgregorii pollen represent the earliest megafossil evidence of the gentianaceae. the paleocene occurrence of p. macgregorii, the fossil's modern floral structure, and suggested trends in the evolution of pollen in the gentianaceae indicate a considerably earlier origin for the family. floral morphology typical of bee-pollinated flowers provides the earliest, albeit indirect, fossil evidence of bees. | 1981 | 17802576 |
| temporal and microclimatic partitioning of the floral resources of justicia aurea amongst a concourse of pollen vectors and nectar robbers. | the flowers of justicia aurea, morphologically characteristic of ornithophily, attracted a diverse array of foragers where they occurred as a dense stand in the tropical forests at la selva, costa rica, and so provided an arena for this study of competition and coexistence. two hummingbird species (phaethornis superciliosus and campylopterus hemileucurus) visited the flowers legally early in the morning, and defended the nectar resource; a third smaller bird (p. longuemareus) foraged for nectar ... | 1981 | 28310312 |
| the sting. melittin forms channels in lipid bilayers. | melittin, a toxin of bee venom, is a cationic polypeptide composed of 26 amino acids. the six residues of the c-terminal end are polar and 19 of the 20 residues of the n-terminal end are hydrophobic. exposure of the lecithin bilayer to melittin results in the formation of channels that are more permeable to anions that to cations. unilateral addition of melittin produces a voltage-dependent increase in membrane conductance when the side where the polypeptide is present in made positive but not w ... | 1981 | 6269667 |
| [immunologic studies in allergic children]. | igg-mediated allergic reaction can be provoked by inhalants (pollens, moulds, dust, animal danders), by food allergens, drugs and by hymenoptera venoms. the level of total-ige is higher in allergic patients than in normal children. the degree of clinical sensitivity can be evaluated by the estimation of allergen specific ige together with the patient's history and the results of the skin test. the allergy against bee venom is a suitable model for the immediate hypersensitivity. the assessment of ... | 1981 | 7286882 |
| ultrasonography in the staging of endometrial adenocarcinoma. | adenocarcinoma of the endometrium commonly presents at an early stage and is readily diagnosed by dilatation and curettage. ultrasound has not bee accurate in differentiating this malignant neoplasm from benign causes of uterine enlargement such as leiomyoma. in this study, the sonographic findings in 21 patients with adenocarcinoma of the endometrium were compared with the clinical and pathological findings. although no ultrasound criteria were diagnostic of carcinoma, there were statistically ... | 1981 | 7280250 |
| anaphylactic reaction after ingestion of local bee pollen. | a patient is presented who experienced an anaphylactic reaction after ingesting locally produced bee pollen to treat his spring hay fever. evaluation revealed the patient to be extremely sensitive to mesquite pollen, a major component of the bee pollen he ingested. passive transfer skin testing and neutralization techniques suggested that the mesquite pollen was the allergen which caused his anaphylactic reaction. four other allergic patients were known to have systemic reactions after taking be ... | 1981 | 7270986 |
| venom skin testing and alteration of rast levels. | since the availability of insect venoms for skin testing, recommendations suggest skin testing any person who has had a systemic reaction to a stinging insect with all venoms available for diagnostic purposes. considering the possibility for actual sensitization with such a procedure, 30 children had rast testing obtained before, immediately following and several weeks after skin testing with venoms for honey bee, wasp, yellow jacket and hornets. we found 53% of our patients had elevations in ei ... | 1981 | 7258743 |
| enzyme-like immunosorbent assay (elisa) for immunoglobulin g antibodies against insect venoms. | igg "blocking" antibodies were measured in patients receiving insect venom immunotherapy. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) described herein was found to be sensitive and reproducible. results with elisa correlated well with values obtained with a radioimmunoassay and with inhibition of the release of histamine from sensitive basophils. also, specific antibody titers against phospholipase a and whole bee venom were correlated. serial determinations of venom-specific igg antibodies we ... | 1981 | 6166648 |
| [hyposensitization in bee and wasp allergy]. | 1981 | 7303217 | |
| [allergy to bee and wasp venoms. reaction forms, diagnosis and treatment]. | 1981 | 7303216 | |
| "bumble bee" cp, a juno replacement for alpha-, beta- and gamma-detection. | 1981 | 7275597 | |
| allergens in hymenoptera venom. vii. species specific reactivity to yellow jacket venoms. | venom from three species of yellow jacket, vespula maculifrons, v. squamosa and vespa crabro, was tested in direct and inhibition of rast with a panel of 39 sera from three regions of the u.s. v. squamosa venom was found to be missing at least one allergen present in v. maculifrons. patterns of reactivity were highly correlated with geography; reactivity with v. squamosa correlated with distribution of the species. sera fron california recognized vespa crabro; however, the insect is not found we ... | 1981 | 7258737 |
| [use of the products of bee-keeping in dermatology]. | 1981 | 7027677 | |
| [clinical manifestations of juvenile chronic arthritis (author's transl)]. | the most outstanding clinical, laboratory and evolutive features of 119 patients with juvenile chronic arthritis were studied. according to the onset of the disease, these patients have bee divided into three subtypes, following the criteria set-up by the eular for the diagnosis and classification of patients with juvenile chronic arthritis. among the 119 patients studied, 29.4% had a systemic onset, 37.8% a polyarticular onset and 32.7% a pauciarticular onset. the relationship between female an ... | 1981 | 6976142 |
| desensitisation for bee sting reactions. | 1981 | 6942319 | |
| immunisation against bee and wasp stings. | 1981 | 7238298 |