Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of bacillus sphaericus formulations against the vector of bancroftian filariasis. | three different formulations of bacillus sphaericus viz, spherimos, vectobac and spherifix, were evaluated for their efficacy and residual activity against culex quinquefasciatus breeding in polluted disused wells. spherimos, a flowable concentrate formulation, exerted 96-100% control when treated at the dosage of 10 l/ha for 17 days, whereas the effective residual activity lasted up to 67 days at 15 l/ha. in the case of vectolex, a granular formulation, the residual activity lasted up to 56 day ... | 1991 | 1948272 |
| bancroftian microfilariasis in association with pulmonary tuberculosis. report of a case with diagnosis by fine needle aspiration. | a 25-year-old man presented with clinical and radiologic features suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. since the examination of ziehl-neelsen-stained sputum smears for acid-fast bacilli was repeatedly negative, a transthoracic fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed. papanicolaou-stained smears of the aspirate showed microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and a tuberculous exudate but no acid-fast bacilli or classic granulomas. subsequent sputum samples did show acid-fast bacilli, while a no ... | 1991 | 1950321 |
| [secondary amyloidosis in amebiasis with intrathoracic complications of amebic liver abscess combined with helminthiases and maduromycosis]. | one case of a secondary amyloidosis in amebiasis with intrathoracic complications of amebic liver abscesses in association with strongyloidiasis, enterobiasis, bancroftian filariasis and maduromycosis is described. it's suggested that the progression of secondary amyloidosis was due to the prolonged process of amebiasis in association with helminthiasis and mycosis. | 1991 | 1953364 |
| animal hosts in experimental lymphatic filariasis research. | 1991 | 1958103 | |
| the treatment of microfilaremia due to wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica: ivermectin versus diethylcarbamazine]. | in october 1989, a controlled, double-blind parallel group trial was implemented to compare both efficacy and tolerability of single doses of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine (dec). fifty eight apparently healthy wuchereria bancrofti carriers were hospitalized and randomly allocated to treatment with ivermectin 100 mcg/kg, dec 3 or 6 mg/kg. six months later, half of those initially treated with ivermectin 100 mcg/kg and dec 3 mg/kg were given a second similar dose while the rest were given a pl ... | 1991 | 1958108 |
| experimental infection of humans with filariae. | this report summarizes the findings of the 17 published studies involving humans who have been experimentally infected with filarial parasites. over the past 60 years, 45 individuals have been deliberately infected with wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi, brugia pahangi, loa loa, mansonella perstans, mansonella ozzardi, and/or onchocerca volvulus. the findings from these experimental infections of humans have helped define microfilarial survival and periodicity within human hosts, the prepatent ... | 1991 | 1962076 |
| monoclonal antibodies to secreted antigens of brugia malayi define a cross-reactive non-phosphocholine determinant on helminth parasites. | the excretory-secretory (es) antigens of the filarial parasite brugia malayi adult (bma) and microfilariae (mf) were analysed for differences in their protein composition by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. both bma and mf biosynthetically labelled with [3h]-leucine released a 200 kd molecule with pi (isoelectric point) ranging from 5.1 to 6.8. a monoclonal antibody (moab) to phosphocholine (pc) immunoprecipitated the 200 kd molecule with a pi of 5.1-5.3 from both bma and mf. immunization of ... | 1991 | 1717373 |
| maternal filarial infection as risk factor for infection in children. | familial clustering of filarial infection was investigated through random house-to-house surveys of 643 individuals in leogane, haiti, an area with endemic bancroftian filariasis. children of infected mothers were 2.4 to 2.9 times more likely to be infected than were those of amicrofilaraemic mothers. filarial-specific cellular responsiveness in amicrofilaraemic children born to infected mothers was lower than that in amicrofilaraemic children born to amicrofilaraemic mothers. no effect of pater ... | 1991 | 1673168 |
| humoral immune response to infective larval antigen in brugia malayi infected mastomys natalensis. | the sequential changes in the humoral immune response against infective larval antigens during the course of brugia malayi infection in mastomys natalensis have been studied using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. igm antibody against b. malayi infective larval excretory secretory (es) antigen was detected in the peripheral circulation within a week of infection, whereas igm antibody against b. malayi infective larval somatic antigen and igg antibody against both somatic and es antigens were de ... | 1991 | 1674404 |
| detection of amplified wuchereria bancrofti dna in mosquitoes with a nonradioactive probe. | a technique to identify wuchereria bancrofti larvae in mosquito vectors with an enzyme-labeled dna probe is described. to overcome the low sensitivity of nonradioactive detection methods, analyte dna was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify w. bancrofti-specific dna fragments of 380 and 650 bp, respectively. parasite dna in mosquito extracts was isolated free of inhibitors of the pcr by hybridization to a biotinylated dna fragment (iwb 67), w ... | 1991 | 1675761 |
| elephantiasis in early polynesia. | 1991 | 1680896 | |
| the filariasis situation in guangdong province, china. | this paper describes the general situation, historical perspectives, epidemiological surveys (including geographical distribution, microfilarial rate, microfilarial rate in different age groups, clinical features, animal filaria, periodicity of wuchereria bancrofti and vector species), experimental research and control of filariasis in guangdong province, china. | 1991 | 1687930 |
| [excretion-secretion antigens from adult dirofilaria immitis in the diagnosis of human filariasis by solid phase immunoenzyme assay]. | the solid phase enzymatic immuno-assay (elisa) was normalized for detecting antibodies against. filaria using excretion-secretion antigens (esa) from dirofilaria immitis adults in a group of asymptomatic and microfilaraemic patients infected by different species of filariae (loa loa, wuchereria bancrofti, onchocerca volvulus, mansonella ozzardi and mansonella perstans), and in another group of symptomatic and aminorofilaraemic patients, temporary residents in an area with endemic loiasis. the es ... | 1991 | 9768181 |
| chemotherapy of filariases. | the filarial parasites that affect humans most seriously include onchocerca volvulus, wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and loa loa. in general, these species cause disease that is debilitating long before it is fatal, producing clinical manifestations such as general malaise, pruritus and lichenification of the skin, lymphangitis, elephantiasis and blindness(1). as a result, infection with any one of these organisms is physically, as well as economically, devastating. currently, the pharmacol ... | 1991 | 15463492 |
| intensity and efficiency of transmission and the development of microfilaraemia and disease: their relationship in lymphatic filariasis. | currently available methods for measuring the intensity of transmission in the lymphatic filariases are all to some extent unsatisfactory. clinical methods for defining the presence of filarial disease are also less than perfect, and many infected persons remain free of symptoms and signs for very long periods. incidence rates of microfilaraemia calculated from prevalence rate data are combined with 'entomological inoculation rates' obtained by direct observations of vector landing rates, infect ... | 1992 | 1740813 |
| evaluation of fractionated circulating filarial antigen in diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | circulating filarial antigen (cfa) isolated from the plasma of microfilaraemic patients was fractionated on an ultrogel aca 34 column. the second protein peak (cfa2) showing filarial antigen was further fractionated by deae-cellulose column chromatography into two fractions (cfa2 de1 and de2). cfa2 de1 fraction, showing antigenic activity, was further evaluated in an elisa for its diagnostic use in bancroftian filariasis. studies with cfa2 de1 and anti-cfa2 de1 antibody showed that they were hig ... | 1992 | 1740819 |
| characterization of a myosin heavy chain gene from brugia malayi. | we have previously shown that an antigen recognized by antibodies in sera of several microfilaremic individuals from a wuchereria bancrofti endemic area bears strong homology to an invertebrate muscle protein. we have cloned and sequenced the entire gene containing this antigen encoding fragment and present data that confirms that the antigen is myosin heavy chain (mhc). this gene, which we have named bmmyo-1 extends over 11 kb and has the potential to encode a protein of 1957 amino acids. the c ... | 1992 | 1741013 |
| specific and sensitive igg4 immunodiagnosis of onchocerciasis with a recombinant 33 kd onchocerca volvulus protein (ov33). | the full length cdna of the immunodominant ov33 protein of onchocerca volvulus was expressed in e. coli using various vector constructs. expression was best with the vectors pgex2t and pcg808fx, yielding fusion protein ov33-gst and ov33-mbp, respectively. purified fusion protein ov33-gst and o. volvulus antigen extracts (ovag) were used to compare antibody responses (igm and igg-subclasses) of patients infected with o. volvulus, brugia malayi, wuchereria bancrofti, mansonella perstans/loa loa an ... | 1992 | 1281926 |
| rapid diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis by acridine orange staining of centrifuged parasites. | a rapid diagnostic test for detection of microfilaremia using a microhematocrit tube precoated with acridine orange (the quantitative buffy coat [qbc] tube) was compared with a conventional 50 microliters-thick blood film (tf) in 119 volunteers in an area of recife, brazil that was endemic for wuchereria bancrofti. both the qbc and the tf techniques were 100% specific, and thus positive predictive values were equal at 100% for each technique in all subjects studied. both techniques had equal neg ... | 1992 | 1281967 |
| characterization of a muscle-associated antigen from wuchereria bancrofti. | a recombinant clone, wbn1, isolated from a genomic expression library of wuchereria bancrofti and showing restricted specificity at the dna level (southern and pcr analyses) for wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi has been previously described. sequence analysis of wbn1 indicated that it had notable similarity to myosin. further characterization using in situ hybridization has localized the mrna in the muscle of the adult parasite and in the microfilariae. rabbit polyclonal antiserum, raised ... | 1992 | 1283597 |
| identification and characterization of a parasite antigen in the circulating immune complexes of onchocerca volvulus infected patients. | a peg-elisa was used to demonstrate parasite specific immune complexes in a significant proportion (25/26) of onchocerca volvulus infection sera from sierra leone. the parasite antigen was detected using a peroxidase-conjugated rabbit serum raised to the bovine parasite o. gibsoni. controls including european control serum, endemic control serum and rh+ sera gave consistently low readings. characterization of the parasite component in the immune complexes by western blotting demonstrated a heat ... | 1992 | 1284095 |
| observations on culex quinquefasciatus say in relation to transmission of filariasis due to subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti in samoa. | observations on culex quinquefasciatus say in samoa during a study of the epidemiology and control of subperiodic bancroftian filariasis are reported. the man-biting rate of c. quinquefasciatus was comparable with that of aedes (finlaya) samoanus gruenberg in one indicator village and lower in another. the house-frequenting behaviour of the two species was similar. culex quinquefasciatus was active throughout the night with peak biting during midnight hours, and its survivorship, estimated by tw ... | 1992 | 1288433 |
| adult filarial worm (wuchereria bancrofti) in a benign ovarian tumour. | a case of an adult filarial worm (wuchereria bancrofti) associated with a benign ovarian tumour and a cyst is presented. possible reasons for the findings of a well preserved part of the worm and a foreign body granuloma in the lymphatic subendothelium are discussed. | 1992 | 1291144 |
| a comparative study of acetylcholinesterase activity in bovine (s. cervi) and human (b. malayi, w. bancrofti) filaria. | setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite, contains a significant amount of acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity with microfilaria having five to ten times more ache activity than female and male adult worms, respectively. because ache shows substrate specificity and hydrolyzes acetylthiocholine but not butrylthiocholine, this parasitic enzyme is likely a true acetylcholinesterase. the latter also resembles an ache enzyme in the human filarial parasite b. malayi which hydrolyzes acetylthiocholin ... | 1992 | 1293431 |
| results of a safety trial on single-dose treatments with 400 mcg/kg of ivermectin in bancroftian filariasis. | two groups of polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers, 17 females aged 21 to 84 years and 20 males aged 26 to 57 years, in whom microfilaraemia ranged from 1 to 10,121 mf/ml and from 1 to 6,484 mf/ml, respectively, were given a supervised singledose treatment with 400 mcg/kg of ivermectin. carriers were examined and questioned regarding their experience of adverse reactions, which were graded 0 to 3 according to severity, at 6, 12 and 24 hours and at 4 days after treatment. biological examinati ... | 1992 | 1293733 |
| [efficacy of ivermectin for control of microfilaremia recurring after treatment with diethylcarbamazine. i. clinical and parasitological observations]. | we compared the efficacy of a single dose of ivermectin with that of a standard course of deithylcarbamazine (dec) for the control of microfilaremia in 60 patients with banrroftian filariasis who had developed recurrent microfilaremia after each of three or more prior treatments with dec. the study was done as a randomized, double-blind trial. complete, but transient clearance of microfilaremia was observed in both treatment groups. one year later, recurrent microfilaremia was present in 7 patie ... | 1992 | 1307270 |
| efficacy of bi-annual administration of dec in the control of bancroftian filariasis. | the efficacy of bi-annual administration of dec at the dose of 6 mg/kg body weight was evaluated on the microfilaraemia prevalence, density and vector filarial infection rates. administration of four doses (4 x 6 mg/kg) of dec significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the microfilaria rate of the community from 6.02 per cent to 2.31 per cent, microfilaria density from 0.66 to 0.17 and infectivity rate of the vector population from 0.8 per cent to 0.39 per cent. | 1992 | 1344177 |
| status of lymphatic filariasis in some select slum clusters of delhi. | filaria surveys conducted in some select slum clusters namely hari nagar, yamuna pusht near vijaya ghat along the ring road and timarpur in delhi during 1989, 1991 and 1992 respectively, covering a population of approximately 5000 slum dwellers revealed the presence of bancroftian microfilaria (mf) carriers and disease cases. the mf and disease rates (per cent) in these three slum areas were in the order of 6.3, 2.2, 3.7 and 1.4, 0.5 and 0.1 respectively. the mf density varied from 3.1 to 12.3 p ... | 1992 | 1344178 |
| the significance of low density microfilaraemia in the transmission of lymphatic filarial parasites. | low density microfilaraemia (mf) is a density of circulating mf which is often undetected by standard survey techniques; it occurs naturally, after anti-filarial drug administration and after vector control. its occurrence in human populations is closely related to the observed mf frequency distributions in them, and it is an important cause of underestimation of mf prevalence rates in epidemiological surveys. in the present paper it is defined quantitatively as a count of less than 4 mf 20 micr ... | 1992 | 1348543 |
| on the uptake of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in vector mosquitoes of different susceptibility to filarial infections. | the quantitative uptake of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae by mosquito species of different susceptibility to filarial infection was studied. there was no relationship between the degree of susceptibility and the number of ingested microfilariae. however, in all tested mosquito strains the females ingested as a mean 1.2-1.9 times more microfilariae of w. bancrofti than expected. | 1992 | 1351706 |
| seasonality of adult culex quinquefasciatus and transmission of bancroftian filariasis in pondicherry, south india. | seasonal variations in biting culex quinquefasciatus and transmission of bancroftian filariasis were investigated in pondicherry, south india. the biting density of c. quinquefasciatus, the principal vector species, was lowest in the summer months and higher during the monsoon and winter months. the survival of the vectors as indicated by the proportion of parous mosquitoes was found to be less in the summer season. biting mosquitoes with infective stage larvae were not encountered during the ho ... | 1992 | 1356298 |
| antigenic mimicry between piperazine derivatives and wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae. | 1992 | 1356307 | |
| non-involvement of nulliparous females in the transmission of bancroftian filariasis. | the possible involvement of nulliparous females of culex quinquefasciatus in the transmission of bancroftian filariasis under field conditions was examined in pondicherry, south india. biting nulliparous females that had previously ingested partial blood meals were found infected with microfilariae/l1 stage larvae. none of them harboured infective-stage larvae. these findings suggest that nulliparous females are not involved in the transmission of filariasis. therefore, their inclusion for estim ... | 1992 | 1363179 |
| tissue tonometry: a useful tool for assessing filarial lymphedema. | a tissue tonometer was used to assess peripheral lymphedema in patients with filariasis in a bancroftian endemic community. matched populations of 34 patients with grade ii and 29 patients with grade iii unilateral lower limb edema and 26 healthy subjects were assessed for leg tissue compressibility and circumference. tonometry was performed at three fixed points on the leg using three weight levels (70, 140, and 210 gms). the mean value of compressibility for each weight level and points measur ... | 1992 | 1405748 |
| long-term suppression of microfilaraemia following ivermectin treatment. | lymphatic filariasis has been difficult to control until recently because of the lack of a suitable drug for treatment. ivermectin has proven safe and effective at reducing levels of circulating microfilariae. however, the apparent need to administer the drug every 6 to 9 months to keep microfilaraemia levels sufficiently suppressed to reduce transmission has been a major drawback to using ivermectin in community-based intervention programmes. in a study conducted in haiti, we have found that hi ... | 1992 | 1412655 |
| filariasis in gongola state nigeria. i: clinical and parasitological studies in mutum-biyu district. | a total of 2,552 persons living in 9 villages along the benue river valley, mutum biyu district of gongola state, nigeria were examined between october and december 1989 for filariasis. it is the first time a filariasis survey will be carried out in this state. 276 (10.8%) had wuchereria bancrofti, 50 (2.0%) had loa loa, 281 (11.0%) were positive for mansonella perstans while 12 (0.5%) were positive for onchocerca volvulus. villages located near the benue river had higher prevalence rates than t ... | 1992 | 1416217 |
| experimental wuchereria bancrofti infection of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti. | laboratory-derived females of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti were experimentally infected with wuchereria bancrofti by allowing the insects to feed on infected volunteers of known microfilariae density between 24.00 and 2.00 hours. of the 240 mosquitoes used for the experiments only 67 (55.8%) of c. quinquefasciatus and 83 (69.2%) of the ae.aegypti actually fed on the volunteers' blood. after 16 days post-infection period, 50 (74.62%) of the engorged c. quinquefasciatus harboured infec ... | 1992 | 1416219 |
| [ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine in spaced dosages in bancroft's filariasis: which protocol?]. | 58 apparently healthy polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers were randomly allocated to 5 treatment groups: 1) two annual doses of ivermectin 100 mcg/kg, 2) three semi-annual doses of ivermectin 100 mcg/kg, 3) two annual doses of diethylcarbamazine (dec) 3 mg/kg, 4) semi-annual doses of dec 3 mg/kg, 5) two annual doses of dec 6 mg/kg. results observed during the 12-month period which followed last treatment have confirmed that efficacy of ivermectin is higher than that of dec in terms of immed ... | 1992 | 1417159 |
| community participation in the control of filariasis. | a programme was launched in 1986 for the control of brugian filariasis in an area of high endemicity in southern india. sustained community involvement was achieved by integrating economic measures to improve the lot of the people with the creation of widespread awareness about the cause of the disease and about the possibilities of combating it. | 1992 | 1418331 |
| pen-elisa for immunodiagnosis and immunomonitoring of bancroftian filariasis. | 1992 | 1428992 | |
| antigenicity of a protective recombinant filarial protein in human bancroftian filariasis. | a 92-kda fusion protein that encodes amino acids 1-479 of a 62-kda brugia malayi antigen induces resistance to microfilariae in mice. the antigenicity of this recombinant protein was explored in asymptomatic residents of wuchereria bancrofti-endemic areas of papua new guinea and egypt. unlike sera from individuals in nonendemic areas, sera from residents of endemic areas contained igg3 antibodies (up to dilution 1:1280) reactive with the fusion protein. there was little or no recombinant antigen ... | 1992 | 1431265 |
| study of human and parasitic factors in relation to bancroftian filariasis in egypt. | the human leucocytic antigen (hla) and the histochemical reaction of microfilaria were studied by using cytotoxicity test and microfilarial acid phosphatase activity respectively to evaluate the role of the genetic factors and the parasitic factor in the pathogenesis of filariasis. statistical significant association was found between hla-b7 and the susceptibility for retaining microfilariae in blood and the development of clinical manifestations of filariasis. histochemical study reported more ... | 1992 | 1431291 |
| natural infections of dirofilaria immitis in aedes (stegomyia) polynesiensis and aedes (finlaya) samoanus and their implication in human health in samoa. | dirofilaria immitis infections were observed in aedes polynesiensis and ae. samoanus in samoa, together with wuchereria bancrofti infections, in a study on sub-periodic bancroftian filariasis during 1978-1980. in the 4 indicator villages, the infection rate in ae. polynesiensis was 0.46% and the infective rate 0.09% (15,223 mosquitoes were dissected). the infection rate in ae. samoanus was 0.20% and the infective rate 0.08% (10,089 dissected). in 45 selected villages throughout the country, ae. ... | 1992 | 1440786 |
| wuchereria bancrofti infection in human and mosquito populations of a polynesian village ten years after interruption of mass chemoprophylaxis with diethylcarbamazine. | in 1991, a study on wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae (mf) and infection rates was carried out in the human and mosquito populations of a polynesian village where, 10 years before, the mf prevalence rate was 6.4% and twice-yearly mass treatment with 3 mg/kg of diethylcarbamazine (dec) was interrupted. venous blood samples were collected from 575 (97%) individuals aged 15 years or more, of whom 122 (21.4%) were mf positive. the mf carrier prevalence rate was 27.4% in males, significantly higher ... | 1992 | 1440820 |
| [alfred th. leber (1881-1954): a pioneer in tropical ophthalmology. missing in the south seas--rediscovered in india]. | in spite of the brief duration of german colonial rule during that period tropical medicine enjoyed a remarkable growth and development. this is the first account of the career of the pioneer of tropical ophthalmology, alfred theodor leber (1881-1954); medical history had previously reported him missing in java after the 1st world war. his career was greatly influenced by his uncle, theodor leber (1840-1917), the founder of experimental ophthalmology. alfred leber was the one who combined teachi ... | 1992 | 1453664 |
| on the developmental velocity of wucheria bancrofti larvae in vector mosquitoes of different susceptibility to filarial infections. | the developmental velocity of wucheria bancrofti larvae was investigated in mosquito strains with different susceptibility to this filarial species. high susceptibility of the vector strains favoured fast filarial development, e.g. between 17.1 and 25.9% of all discovered larvae on day 13 p.i. had already migrated to the head and mouth parts of the more and partly even highly susceptible anopheles gambiae, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti, respectively, whereas between 0 and 3.4% ... | 1992 | 1456467 |
| diethylcarbamazine treatment of bancroftian and malayan filariasis with emphasis on side effects. | a total of 1015 filarial carriers were hospitalized and treated with dec either in a long course with light doses (6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 mg kg-1 b.w. divided into three doses daily for seven days) or in a short course with heavy doses (15 mg kg-1 b.w. once daily for one, two or three days). the efficacy of the long course (85%) was much higher than that of the short course (59%); but the reaction rate following the heavy dose (87%) was higher than that following the light dose (72%). for brugia malay ... | 1992 | 1463361 |
| a comparative study of detection methods for evaluation of microfilaremia in lymphatic filariasis control programmes. | the evaluation of microfilaremia (mf) was performed in 96% of the population aged 15 years or more in a village of moorea, one of the society islands in french polynesia. finger-prick and venous blood samples were collected simultaneously from 782 individuals in order to compare the results obtained by the standard blood film method and the membrane filtration technique. of the 782 blood-sampled inhabitants 69 (8.8%) were found mf positive. 39 (5%) were mf positive by both methods and 30 were mf ... | 1992 | 1470830 |
| factors affecting transmission of wuchereria bancrofti by anopheline mosquitoes. 4. facilitation, limitation, proportionality and their epidemiological significance. | quantitative understanding of the transmission dynamics of lymphatic filarial parasites is essential for the rational planning of control strategies. one of the most important determinants of transmission dynamics is the relationship between parasite yield, the success rate of ingested microfilariae (mf) becoming infective larvae in a mosquito vector, and mf density in the source of the human blood meal. three types of relationship have been recognized in human filaria/mosquito couples--limitati ... | 1992 | 1475823 |
| diethylcarbamazine in the control of splenomegaly associated with bancroftian filariasis in the ok tedi area of papua new guinea. | bancroftian filariasis is highly endemic in the ok tedi region of papua new guinea, with a reported mean rate of 39% before the implementation of a single-dose diethylcarbamazine (dec) treatment programme in 1986. this was followed by a 72% decline in the rate of detectable microfilaraemia and a 40% reduction in pre- and post-treatment splenomegaly. no significant difference was observed when spleen enlargement was compared to the presence of patent malaria. a significant difference in splenomeg ... | 1992 | 1475824 |
| mass chemoprophylaxis of lymphatic filariasis with a single dose of ivermectin in a polynesian community with a high wuchereria bancrofti infection rate. | in april 1991 supervised mass prophylaxis of lymphatic filariasis with a single dose of ivermectin, 100 micrograms/kg, was carried out in a polynesian village with a high infection rate of wuchereria bancrofti in humans and active transmission by the vector mosquito, aedes polynesiensis. of 876 inhabitants aged 3 years or more (pregnant women excluded), 864 (98.6%) were treated. simultaneously, venous blood samples were collected from 577 (97.5%) of the 595 inhabitants aged 15 years or more, of ... | 1992 | 1475825 |
| an eosinophilic granuloma containing an adult female wuchereria bancrofti in a patient with tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. | 1992 | 1475828 | |
| elephantiasis. | 1992 | 1478760 | |
| [comparative efficacy of annual and semi-annual doses of ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine for the prevention of lymphatic filariasis]. | a double blind randomized trial was performed on 58 healthy polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers, they were randomly allocated to treatments with repeated annual or semi-annual doses of ivermectin 100 mcg/kg or diethylcarbamazine (dec) 3 mg/kg, or with repeated annual doses of dec 6 mg/kg. after the 12-month treatment, the clearance of microfilaremia was complete in 7 of the 23 carriers treated with ivermectin and in 3 of the 35 treated with dec. nine months after that treatment, the lowest ... | 1992 | 1480807 |
| immunoglobulin e and g4 antibodies to infective larvae in a wuchereria bancrofti endemic population. | ige and igg4 antibodies to infective larval antigen of w. bancrofti were measured by elisa in filarial sera. ige level was quite high in both infected and non-infected people living in filariae-endemic regions compared to people from non-endemic yet tropical regions. it was also demonstrated that ige levels in amicrofilaraemic, normal children were lower compared to those of adults. similarly igg4 response in children was found to be reduced. the distribution of skin test (immediate hypersensiti ... | 1992 | 1483058 |
| w. bancrofti as a causal agent of polymyositis. | a case of polymyositis associated with bancroftian filariasis in an adult male who presented with generalised painful swelling and weakness of muscles is presented. he had elevated muscle enzymes, a myopathic emg pattern, focal vasculitis on gastrocnemius muscle biopsy and w. bancrofti in the peripheral blood. there was clinical, biochemical and histopathological evidence of resolution of the disorder and total clearance of microfilaremia with diethyl carbamazine (dec) therapy. | 1992 | 1484032 |
| a cloned antigen for serological diagnosis of wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia with daytime blood samples. | by differentially screening an adult brugia malayi cdna library with sera from microfilaremic and amicrofilaremic donors infected with wuchereria bancrofti, we have identified a novel parasite antigen denoted sxp-1. recombinant sxp-1 filarial antigen is preferentially recognized by sera from microfilaremic persons with bancroftian filariasis and from skin snip-positive patients with onchocerciasis. antibodies to sxp-1 are restricted to the igg4 subclass and gradually decline after treatment with ... | 1992 | 1484551 |
| long-term efficacy of single-dose mass treatment with diethylcarbamazine citrate against diurnally subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti: eight years' experience in samoa. | a single-dose of diethylcarbamazine citrate (dec, 6 mg per kg body weight) was administered in three mass treatment campaigns to > 80% of the estimated total samoan population (160,000) in 1982, 1983, and 1986. the effect of the drug was evaluated before and after each campaign by conducting four blood surveys covering 9600 to 13,700 people from 26-34 villages on each occasion. the drug reduced the prevalence of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae from 5.6% to 2.5% (a 55% reduction), while the tr ... | 1992 | 1486674 |
| detection of filarial antigen using antibodies raised against wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial sds soluble antigen. | polyclonal antibodies raised in mouse ascitic fluid against wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial antigens (wb mf sds s ag) were studied for their diagnostic use in bancroftian filariasis using a dip stick, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. in sandwich elisa, 100% of microfilaremic sera (30 out of 30) 53% of acute filarial sera (7/13), 40% of subacute filarial sera (6 out of 15), 13% of chronic filarial sera (2/15) and 20% of endemic area normal sera (3/15) showed the presence of filarial antigen. ... | 1992 | 1488700 |
| wuchereria bancrofti induced pancreatitis. | a case of pancreatitis of filarial origin is reported for the first time. the patient presented with chronic pancreatic pain. laparotomy revealed an inflammed pancreas and fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed pancreatitis. imprint of a peripancreatic lymphnode revealed a microfilaria. he was successfully treated with diethyl carbamazine. | 1992 | 1488798 |
| retinal involvement in wucheria bancrofti filariasis. | we report the first case of inflammation of the retinal pigment epithelium and retinal vasculities presumably caused by microfilaria of wucheria bancrofti and discuss its possible pathogenesis. therapy with diethyl carbamazine citrate resulted in rapid resolution of the inflammation. | 1992 | 1488896 |
| critical analysis of an epidemetrons model for the assessment of bancroftian filariasis endemicity in some areas in egypt. | this study attempted a trial fit of observed epidemiological data in egypt using the sasa-who-southgate epidemetrons model to quantify the endemicity and risk of transmission of filariasis. the geometric and arithmetic means (gm, am) were tried in addition to the recommended four epidemetrons of the model, prevalence rate (pr); median microfilaria density (mfd50); and linear regression coefficients (a and b). data were based on microfilaria counts in 20 mm3 finger-prick night blood samples from ... | 1992 | 1495122 |
| melanization response of two mosquito species against wuchereria bancrofti. | the melanization response of two mosquito against wuchereria bancrofti was studied under different conditions of temperatures, adult age and feeding regimes. the two mosquito species were culex pipiens, a susceptible species for w. bancrofti transmission and aedes caspius, a refractory one. | 1992 | 1500787 |
| iga immunoassay for the diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. | in some parasitic infection such as toxoplasmosis, specific iga is a highly reliable marker of active infection. in bancroftian filariasis, only 10 of 20 (50%) and 3 of 20 (15%) of the microfilaremic patients were positive for iga anti-brugia malayi using respectively indirect elisa and immunocapture elisa tests. as regard to these low sensitivities, the detection of specific iga is unlikely to be a useful test for the diagnosis of active wuchereria bancrofti infection. | 1992 | 1519028 |
| compared efficacy of repeated annual and semi-annual doses of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine for prevention of wuchereria bancrofti filariasis in french polynesia. final evaluation. | in october 1989, 58 apparently healthy polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers, in whom microfilarial (mf) density was greater than or equal to 100 mf/ml, were randomly allocated to treatment groups receiving single doses of either ivermectin at 100 mcg/kg or diethylcarbamazine (dec) at 3 and 6 mg/kg. six months later, half of the carriers initially treated with ivermectin 100 mcg/kg or dec 3 mg/kg were given a second similar dose while the rest were given a placebo. six months later again, all ... | 1992 | 1519031 |
| in vitro and in vivo effect of diethylcarbamazine on the activity of acetylcholinesterase from wuchereria bancrofti infected human serum. | the acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity was measured in human serum from persons infected with the filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti. the asymptomatic microfilaremic serum showed five times increase in ache-activity as compared with normal serum, whereas only little difference was observed in serum from patients with elephantiasis. similar results were obtained when the enzyme activity was measured in the immune complexes precipitated with polyethyleneglycol. further, the effect of the ant ... | 1992 | 1519032 |
| bancroftian lymphangitis in northeastern brazil: a histopathological study of 17 cases. | the histological features in 17 patients (3 males and 14 females) with bancroftian lymphangitis, apparently not associated with lymphadenitis, are described. degenerative alteration in the worms and a severe inflammatory process were observed in the great majority of the cases. the patterns of tissue reaction varied, including exudative, infiltrative and granulomatous lesions. eosinophils were present, usually in great numbers. thirteen out of 14 female subjects showed involvement of the breast ... | 1992 | 1560478 |
| mass treatment of filariasis using dec-medicated salt. | diethylcarbamazine (dec)-medicated salt was used to control bancroftian filariasis in 20 endemic counties and cities of fujian province in china. the population was 5,189,126 and the microfilaria (mf) rates were between 1.56 and 11.81%. the total dose of dec was 6-10.5 g per person over a period of 2-4 months. six to 9 months after treatment the mf rate was reduced to 0-0.57% with a mean of 0.07% (621/823,796). in 184 villages sampled one year post treatment the mf rate was 0.22% (371/171,067) a ... | 1992 | 1560482 |
| control of allergic reactivity in human filariasis. predominant localization of blocking antibody to the igg4 subclass. | patients with chronic helminth infections, despite having abundant basophils and mast cells specifically sensitized with antiparasite ige and often exposed repeatedly to parasite ag, rarely manifest allergic symptoms. this control of clinical allergic reactivity likely results from ag-specific igg "blocking antibodies" shown previously to be abundant in the sera of such patients. in the present study we used two approaches to determine in which of the four igg subclasses this blocking activity w ... | 1992 | 1573266 |
| evaluation of two different antigens in immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis using elisa and ihat. | crude w. bancrofti microfilarial and l. carinii adult antigens were tried in elisa and ihat for immunodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis. both tests gave a higher positive reactions with microfilaraemic, clinical filariasis and endemic normal sera respectively. elisa using w. bancrofti microfilarial antigen appears to be more sensitive. | 1992 | 1578155 |
| detection of microfilariae in cervical cytology. | 1992 | 1580134 | |
| tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. | tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is one of the many pie syndromes [pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia (of the peripheral blood)]. it is caused by immunologic hyperresponsiveness to the filarial parasites wuchereria bancrofti or brugia malayi. its clinical presentation includes nocturnal cough, dyspnea, wheezing, fever, weight loss, fatigue, interstitial mottling on chest radiograph, predominantly restrictive but also obstructive lung function abnormalities, and peripheral blood eosinophilia ... | 1992 | 1580599 |
| kinetics of circulating human igg4 after diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin treatment of bancroftian filariasis. | patent filarial infections are associated with elevated levels of parasite-specific igg4. this study investigated the shifts of filarial-specific human igg and igg4 antibodies after diethylcarbamazine and ivermectin treatment of bancroftian filariasis. thirty adult haitians were treated first with a 1-mg clearing dose of ivermectin and then with either one or two 200-micrograms/kg doses of ivermectin or with 12 daily 6-mg/kg doses of diethylcarbamazine. posttreatment levels of antifilarial igg4 ... | 1992 | 1583340 |
| on the infectivity of early third-stage brugia larvae isolated from the abdomen of aedes aegypti. | third-stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and b. pahangi are known to be recovered not only from the head and thorax but also from the abdomen of dissected vector mosquitoes. for epidemiological reasons, was of interest to determine whether l3 larvae from the abdomen of the vector would be infectious for the final host. early abdominal l3 larvae of b. pahangi isolated as early as on day 7 post-infection (p.i.) from aedes aegypti were injected s.c. into five male meriones ung ... | 1992 | 1584752 |
| the wellcome trust lecture. infection and disease in lymphatic filariasis: an immunological perspective. | the basic tenet of the immunological perspective of filarial disease is that differential immune responsiveness among individuals exposed to infection results in the different clinical manifestations that develop. the mechanisms involved in this differential responsiveness appear to reflect different t-cell cytokine response patterns. asymptomatic patients with the clinically silent presentation of 'asymptomatic microfilaraemia', who have been previously described as being 'immunosuppressed' wit ... | 1992 | 1589302 |
| infection and disease in lymphatic filariasis: an epidemiological approach. | 1992 | 1589303 | |
| wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial density of autochthonous cases and natural culex infectivity rates in northeast brazil. | autochthonous wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemic cases from three neighbouring cities of northeast brazil (recife, jaboatao and olinda) were selected from thick smear or filtration positive individuals and classified by their microfilarial (mf) densities through polycarbonate membrane blood filtration. individuals were subdivided into two groups: autochthonous cases without any previous specific drug administrations (group a) and those with one or more previous dec treatments (group b). in rec ... | 1992 | 1597880 |
| release of prostaglandin e2 by microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. | to elucidate the local release of immunomodulatory prostaglandins by intravascular filarial parasites, the formation of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) was examined in individual microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. following incubation of living microfilariae immobilized in an agar matrix, prostaglandins released by the parasites were fixed by carbodiimide and localized by indirect immunofluorescence. prostaglandin e2 was specifically detected around the entire surface of microfilar ... | 1992 | 1599045 |
| bancroftian filariasis in pondicherry, south india--epidemiological impact of recovery of the vector population. | an integrated vector management (ivm) strategy was implemented from 1981 to 1985 in one part of pondicherry, south india, for the control of the bancroftian filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus (the ivm area). the rest of the town (the comparison area) received the conventional larvicidal input. after 1985 both the areas were managed conventionally. the switch to conventional strategy resulted in an increase of vector density in both areas. the microfilaraemia prevalence in humans showed a g ... | 1992 | 1601082 |
| renal abnormalities in microfilaremic patients with bancroftian filariasis. | to determine the frequency of renal abnormalities occurring with bancroftian filarial infections and to assess the effects of treatment on such abnormalities, we initiated a prospective, hospital-based study of 20 microfilaremic and five amicrofilaremic patients with wuchereria bancrofti infections. thorough clinical evaluations and detailed renal assessments were made prior to treatment and at multiple time points for 60 days following a standard twelve-day course of treatment with diethylcarba ... | 1992 | 1621900 |
| cloning and characterization of the wuchereria bancrofti s15 ribosomal protein. | 1992 | 1625701 | |
| induced polypeptides associated with filarial worm refractoriness in aedes aegypti. | brugia malayi and wuchereria bancrofti are mosquito-borne parasitic nematodes responsible for lymphatic filariasis in approximately 90 million people. the genetic control of the susceptibility of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to b. malayi was well defined 30 years ago, but no data have since been provided regarding the gene products responsible for susceptibility or refractoriness or both. we addressed this problem by assessing polypeptide synthesis in thoracic tissue, the developmental site of this ... | 1992 | 1631149 |
| filarial infection of the breast. report of a case with diagnosis by fine needle aspiration cytology. | the breast is not a frequent site of filarial infection. we report a case of fine needle aspiration cytologic diagnosis of filariasis of the breast, not previously reported. | 1992 | 1636341 |
| breast filariasis diagnosed by needle aspiration cytology. | a case of nodular lesion of the breast in a 37 year old female caused by filariasis is described. the case is instructive since the diagnosis was made by fine-needle aspiration cytology. | 1992 | 1638940 |
| isozymic pattern of lactate dehydrogenase in cases of bancroftian filariasis. | isozymic patterns of lactate dehydrogenase (e.c. 1.1.1.27) by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) were observed in various categories of filariasis and controls, i.e. asymptomatic microfilaraemia and symptomatic amicrofilaraemia, endemic normal and non-endemic normal. lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) activity was also observed amongst the above categories of patients. an increase in enzyme activity and change in the isozymic pattern was observed in the above categories of filaria infected serum ... | 1992 | 1640089 |
| clinical manifestations of filariasis in fujian, china. | 1992 | 1641878 | |
| mebendazole with levamisole in tropical pulmonary eosinophilia: an alternative in diethylcarbamazine allergy. | 1992 | 1641900 | |
| [studies on the susceptibility of anopheles anthropophagus to experimental infection with wuchereria bancrofti]. | this paper reports the susceptibility of anopheles anthropophagus (xu et feng, 1975) to experimental infection with wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold, 1877), comparing with that of an. sinensis wiedemann, 1828, culex pipiens quinque fasciatus say, 1823, and aedes togoi (theobald, 1907). of 188 an. anthropophagus, 202 an. sinensis, 280 cx. pipiens quinque fasciatus and 129 ae. togoi infected by the blood of a bancroftian microfilaremia with mff density of 190 mff/20cmm, the infective rates were 35.64 ... | 1993 | 8174212 |
| arthritis in children: an occult manifestation of bancroftian filariasis. | a form of unexplained arthritis, not attributable to known causes, seen in children (0-14 yrs) in this endemic zone of bancroftian filariasis was investigated for its association with filariasis. nineteen cases of undiagnosed arthritis were screened for filarial igg antibodies to wuchereria by stick enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). all had large joint involvement, the commonest joint affected being the knee joint. involvement was monoarticular in 10 and binarticular in 9. joint pain wa ... | 1993 | 8200705 |
| current status of filariasis in malaysia. | the filariasis control program was established more than 30 years ago in the country and the disease is still a public health problem in some states. since 1983, a total of 17 filariasis control teams were formed throughout the country to carry out filariasis control work. the teams conduct house and population censuses, nocturnal mass blood surveys and treatment of microscopically confirmed cases. individual case follow-up is being carried out after 3-5 months while the locality is resurveyed a ... | 1993 | 7973937 |
| lymphatic filariasis in a recently described endemic area in marinduque, philippines. | marinduque has never been considered endemic for filariasis. the disease was suspected when a high incidence of scrotal enlargement was noted in three villages. on april 25-26, 1991, a field survey was conducted in these villages. the objectives were: 1) to confirm the existence of filariasis, 2) to determine its age and sex distribution, 3) to gain insights on its prevalence and on the periodicity of the parasite. daytime and nocturnal blood films were collected from both sexes aged 5 years and ... | 1993 | 7973939 |
| current status of filariasis in indonesia. | filariasis in indonesia is widely distributed. three species consisting of 5 ecologically different types have been identified infecting man. compared to older data, infection rates are much lower, partly due to environmental change and partly as a result of control programs. various dosage treatments have given good results. the higher dosage treatment gave severe reactions especially in brugian filariasis. pockets of high endemicity can still be found in remote rural areas. therefore a weekly ... | 1993 | 7973940 |
| the use of monoclonal antibodies in the detection of circulating antigens in malayan filariasis. | wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and brugia timori are the causative agents of lymphatic filariasis in indonesia but in some endemic areas, b malayi is more commonly found. diagnosis of filariasis is normally based on clinical, parasitological and immunological examinations but those methods have limitations. the discovery of monoclonal antibodies is expected to provide a new dimension to the efforts in the development of specific and sensitive immunological tests for the various stages of fi ... | 1993 | 7973941 |
| detection of circulating antigens and parasite specific antibodies in filariasis. | in peninsular malaysia, only wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi are reported to cause human filariasis. brugia pahangi infects many of the same animal hosts as the zoonotically transmitted subperiodic b. malayi. there is a well-recognized need for improved diagnostic techniques for lymphatic filariasis. parasite antigen detection is a promising new approach, and it will probably prove to be more sensitive and specific than clinical, microscopic and antibody-based serological methods. we rece ... | 1993 | 7973943 |
| genetic aspects of lymphatic filariasis. | the genetics of human susceptibility to lymphatic filariasis, the genetic basis of filarial susceptibility in vector mosquitos, and the genetic constitution of human filarial parasites and their mosquito vectors are reviewed. it is evident that our present knowledge on the genetics of lymphatic filariasis is still very meagre. the need to study various genetic aspects of the disease is highlighted. | 1993 | 7973944 |
| recent advances in epidemiological field techniques in filariasis. | there have been very few advances in epidemiological field techniques for filariasis in recent years. advances in other areas of study of filariasis have been published and a summary of some of those which have some application to field technology will be given. studies on vectors involving host influences on the development of filariae and the use of dna probes for vector speciation were reported as well as the development of techniques that yielded species-specific identification of larvae in ... | 1993 | 7973945 |
| current status of filariasis in thailand. | 1993 | 7973947 | |
| recent advances in the application of molecular biology in filariasis. | monitoring of filarial parasites in the host and vector has traditionally depended on morphological identification. recently, species-specific dna probes have been developed for brugia malayi, brugia pahangi and wuchereria bancrofti. repeated dna sequences are useful in developing dna probes because they evolve more rapidly then coding sequences and their high copy number increases the sensitivity of detection. the hhal repeated dna family represents 12% of the total b. malayi dna. this dna fami ... | 1993 | 7973949 |
| advances in immunology and immunopathology of lymphatic filariasis. | the lymphatic filarial parasites which affect about 90 million people worldwide have similar host-parasite relationships in man. they are all able to survive, reproduce and cause chronic infections if they can successfully evade the protective responses of the host. studies to investigate the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations of the infection even among those living in similar endemic areas and with presumed equal exposure to infective larvae, have been hampered by the lack of animal mode ... | 1993 | 7973952 |
| current status of filariasis in the philippines. | 1993 | 7973953 |