Publications

use of the protective antigen of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and latex agglutination.	to establish a safe and convenient serodiagnostic method for swine erysipelas, a purified protective protein antigen of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, which included a large amount of protective protein (64 kda protein), was used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and the latex agglutination (la) test. in the elisa, the antisera to four different serovars (1a, 2, 5 and 20) of e. rhusiopathiae exhibit a positive reaction, while antisera to other species of bacteria (listeria monocytogen ...	1998	9780828
isolation of a unique benzothiophene-desulphurizing bacterium, gordona sp. strain 213e (ncimb 40816), and characterization of the desulphurization pathway.	gordona sp. strain 213e (ncimb 40816) grew in pure culture in a mineral salts medium containing fructose as a source of carbon and energy, and benzothiophene (bth) as the sole source of sulphur. during growth a phenolic compound accumulated, as indicated by the production of a blue colour on addition of gibb's reagent. therefore this pathway is analogous to the dibenzothiophene (dbt) desulphurization pathway of rhodococcus sp. strain igts8, in which 2-hydroxybiphenyl accumulates during growth wi ...	1998	9782503
taxonomy and biotransformation activities of some deep-sea actinomycetes.	deep-sea soft sediments from trench systems and depths in the northwestern pacific ocean ranging from less than 300 to 10,897 m in depth have been analyzed for three target genera of actinomycetes: micromonospora, rhodococcus, and streptomyces. only culturable strains, recovered at atmospheric pressure on selective isolation media, have been examined to date. maximum recoveries of culturable bacteria were greater that 10(7)/ml wet g sediment, but actinomycetes comprised a small proportion of thi ...	1998	9783174
[caged compounds].		1998	9788202
rhodococcus equi infections in goats.		1998	9789351
utilization of quinate and p-hydroxybenzoate by actinomycetes: key enzymes and taxonomic relevance.	474 strains of the actinomycete genera streptomyces (including species of the former genera chainia and streptoverticillium), pseudonocardia and micromonospora were examined for their ability to degrade quinate (q) and p-hydroxybenzoate (phb); selected strains were also tested for their capacity to catabolize benzoate (b). whereas in the case of q (5-10 g/l of a mineral salts agar medium) the growth response signalizes assimilation, phb has to be supplied in lower concentration (routinely 0.3 g/ ...	1998	9791947
3-ketosteroid-delta1-dehydrogenase of rhodococcus rhodochrous: sequencing of the genomic dna and hyperexpression, purification, and characterization of the recombinant enzyme.	the gene encoding 3-ketosteroid-delta1-dehydrogenase from rhodococcus rhodochrous was cloned and sequenced. the gene (ksdd) consists of 1,536 nucleotides and encodes an enzyme protein of 511 amino acid residues. the amino terminal methionine residue was deleted in the mature protein. the amino acids involved in the flavin binding site are conserved in the dehydrogenase sequence. the deduced amino acid sequence is highly homologous to that from arthrobacter simplex but less so to that from pseudo ...	1998	9792929
characterization of the basic replicon of rhodococcus plasmid psox and development of a rhodococcus-escherichia coli shuttle vector.	the replication region of a 100-kb desulfurization plasmid (psox) from rhodococcus sp. strain x309 was localized to a 4-kb kpni fragment, and its sequence was determined. the amino acid sequence of one of the predicted open reading frames (orfs) was related to the putative replication (rep) protein sequences of the mycobacterial plr7 family of plasmids. three of the five predicted orf products were identified by radiolabelling with the escherichia coli t7 polymerase/promoter system. in e. coli, ...	1998	9797291
approach to the diagnosis of pulmonary disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.	patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus are predisposed to develop a variety of common and uncommon infectious and neoplastic pulmonary diseases. clinical information that can stratify the risk of occurrence of these pulmonary conditions includes: 1) cd4 cell count-the most important determinant; 2) concurrent antimicrobial therapy; 3) prior travel history; 4) known latent infections that may reactivate: and 5) underlying respiratory disease. specific pulmonary diseases are discu ...	1998	9799133
maximization of cholesterol oxidase production by rhodococcus equi no. 23 by using response surface methodology.	medium optimization for the production of cholesterol oxidase (ec 1. 1.3.6) by rhodococcus equi no. 23 was investigated by using response surface methodology and a central composite design. results revealed that cholesterol and yeast extract had positive effects and the interaction between any two of three factors had no significant effect on cholesterol oxidase production. the optimized medium was the basal medium with the addition of 2.30 g/l cholesterol, 8.18 g/l yeast extract and 4.10 ml/l t ...	1998	9799721
uncommon manifestations of opportunistic infections in an hiv infected patient.	a case of an hiv infected patient complicated with penicillium marneffei and rhodococcus equi infection is reported. he presented with chronic ulcer as pyoderma gangrenosum-like on his right calf and submandibular lymphadenitis as scrofuloderma-like. penicillium marneffei and rhodococcus equi were isolated from the ulcer and lymph node respectively.	1998	9803094
[bronchial malacoplakia associated with rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].		1998	9803790
a transcriptional activating region with two contrasting modes of protein interaction.	a c-terminal segment of the yeast activator gal4 manifests two functions: when tethered to dna, it elicits gene activation, and it binds the inhibitor gal80. here we examine the effects on these two functions of cysteine and proline substitutions. we find that, although certain cysteine substitutions diminish interaction with gal80, those substitutions have little effect on the activating function in vivo and interaction with tata box-binding protein (tbp) in vitro. proline substitutions introdu ...	1998	9811836
the rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14 limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase gene encodes an enzyme belonging to a novel class of epoxide hydrolases.	recently, we reported the purification of the novel enzyme limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase involved in limonene degradation by rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme was used to design two degenerate primers at the beginning and the end of the 50 amino acids long stretch. subsequently, the complete limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase gene (lima) was isolated from a genomic library of r. erythropolis dcl14 using a combination of pcr and colony hybridiz ...	1998	9827564
pathogenicity of rhodococcus equi strains possessing virulence-associated 15- to 17-kda and 20-kda antigens: experimental and natural cases in pigs.	the pathogenic role of rhodococcus equi in pigs remains controversial. small numbers of pigs were inoculated intravenously (i.v.), or intramuscularly (i.m.) around the mouth, with a virulent, an intermediately virulent, or an avirulent strain of r. equi and killed 14 days later. none showed clinical signs other than transient fever and weight loss. the virulent and intermediately virulent strains were recovered in culture from various organs and lymph nodes of pigs inoculated i.v., but only from ...	1998	9839201
clostridium difficile associated with acute colitis in mares when their foals are treated with erythromycin and rifampicin for rhodococcus equi pneumonia.	in sweden, mares sometimes develop acute, often fatal, colitis when their foals are treated orally with erythromycin and rifampicin for rhodococcus (r.) equi infection. clostridium (c.) difficile, or its cytotoxin, was demonstrated in faecal samples from 5 of 11 (45%) mares with diarrhoea. by contrast c. difficile was not found in the faecal flora of 12 healthy mares with foals treated for r. equi infection or in 56 healthy mares with healthy untreated foals. no other enteric pathogen was isolat ...	1998	9844966
the catalytic mechanism of amidase also involves nitrile hydrolysis.	the amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, which hydrolyzes an amide to an acid and ammonium, was surprisingly found to catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of the c-n triple bond in a nitrile to form an acid and ammonium stoichiometrically. the amidase exhibited a km of 3.26 mm for benzonitrile in contrast to that of 0.15 mm for benzamide as the original substrate, but the vmax for benzonitrile was about 116000 of that for benzamide. a mutant amidase containing alanine instead of ser195, which is ...	1998	9845347
the modified beta-ketoadipate pathway in rhodococcus rhodochrous n75: enzymology of 3-methylmuconolactone metabolism.	rhodococcus rhodochrous n75 is able to metabolize 4-methylcatechol via a modified beta-ketoadipate pathway. this organism has been shown to activate 3-methylmuconolactone by the addition of coenzyme a (coa) prior to hydrolysis of the butenolide ring. a lactone-coa synthetase is induced by growth of r. rhodochrous n75 on p-toluate as a sole source of carbon. the enzyme has been purified 221-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic chromatography, gel filtration, and anion-exchange chro ...	1998	9852013
rhodococcus equi and nocardia brasiliensis infection of the brain and liver in a patient with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.	resolution of neutropenia is usually followed by resolution of fever in patients with febrile neutropenia. however, in some cases fever continues even when the patient is no longer neutropenic. described here is a case of acute myeloblastic leukemia complicated by brain abscess, pulmonary nodules, and hepatic lesions. the patient's fever had continued after the neutropenia resolved; brain and hepatic cultures grew rhodococcus equi and nocardia brasiliensis. although rhodococcus infections occur ...	1998	9865991
etherolytic cleavage of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid and 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butyric acid by species of rhodococcus and aureobacterium isolated from an alkaline environment.	bacterial strains were isolated from the concrete rubble of a demolished herbicide production plant. the predominant feature of these strains was the etherolytic cleavage of 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (dcpb)1) and 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butyric acid (mcpb) while liberating 2,4-dichlorophenol (dcp) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenol (mcp) respectively. some of the isolates were identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis and shown to belong to the genera aureobacterium sp. (strain k2-17) and ...	1998	9867509
small genes/gene-products in escherichia coli k-12.	forty-two protein spots of observed m(r) 6-15 kda were resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, stained by coomassie blue and subjected to edman microsequencing. all of the proteins could be related back to their encoding open reading frames, thereby vindicating the bioinformatic tools currently utilised in their identification. however, only 14/42 gene-products were expressed as annotated. translation was confirmed for 14 open reading frames with no attributed function (ecogene y-entrie ...	1998	9868784
wax d of mycobacterium tuberculosis induced osteomyelitis accompanied by reactive bone formation in buffalo rats.	a suspension of heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis in liquid paraffin has been reported to induce foot swelling accompanied by new bone formation in buffalo (buf) rats, which are low responders to the induction of adjuvant arthritis. in the present study, we found that wax d, a mycobacterial cell wall peptidoglycan fragment-arabinogalactan-mycolic acid complex, was an effective component of this bacterium for the induction of osteomyelitis accompanied by reactive bone formation in buf rats. ...	1998	9879920
cutaneous malakoplakia in pigs inoculated with rhodococcus equi.	cutaneous malakoplakia was observed in pigs inoculated intramuscularly with rhodococcus equi strains of intermediate virulence. macroscopically, the inoculation sites showed the indurated swelling of the skin. histopathologically, abscess formation with histiocytic granulomatous reaction was observed. many macrophages contained target or owl-eye shaped hematoxyphil intracytoplasmic inclusions or calcosherites (michaelis-gutmann bodies) of various sizes. the michaelis-gutmann bodies were also see ...	1998	9879924
screening of xenobiotic compounds degrading microorganisms using biosensor techniques.	a screening device based on microorganisms immobilised onto a clark-type oxygen electrode was used to monitor the potential of these microorganisms for the degradation and detection of xenobiotic compounds especially their chlorinated derivatives. the sensitivity and specificity of various species of pseudomonas, sphinomonas, ralstonia, rhodococcus were characterised in relation to xenobiotic compounds by using biosensor techniques. the following groups of xenobiotics were subjects of investigat ...	1998	9880928
[biochemistry and bioactivities of mycobacterial components].	the most characteristic pathological change in mycobacterial infection is caseous necrosis followed by tuberculous cavity formation due to the cellular immunity induced by antigenic proteins and adjuvant active cell wall components. mycobacterial cell well contains unique hydrophobic compounds possessing mycolic acids (a long branched-chain high molecular weight fatty acid) and shows distinctive properties such as acid-fastness and wax-like hydrophobicity. mycobacteria do not produce exotoxin an ...	1998	9883601
[rhodococcus equi--new human threat].		1998	9857656
[other infections (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella spp., campylobacter spp., nocardia asteroides, rhodococcus equi and bartonella spp.)].	people infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) are at increased risk for bacterial infections due to hiv-associated immunologic defects. bacterial infections were found to be, both a predictor of progression to aids and a substantial cause of mortality in pre-aids stages. most bacterial infections are caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, salmonella spp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa. rhodococcus equi, nocardia spp., campylobacter spp. and bartonella spp. are less com ...	1998	9859621
nitrilase catalyzes amide hydrolysis as well as nitrile hydrolysis.	while amides were reported to be completely inert as substrates for all nitrilases reported to date, the nitrilase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, which catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of the c-n triple bond in nitrile to form acid and ammonium, was surprisingly found to catalyze hydrolysis of amide to acid and ammonium stoichiometrically. this nitrilase exhibited a km of 2.94 mm for benzamide, similar to that for benzonitrile as the original substrate (2.10 mm), but the vmax for benzamide wa ...	1998	9918784
[pulmonary cavitation lesions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: an analysis of a series of 78 cases].	to assess the clinical, radiologic and microbiological features of lung cavitation and hiv infection. evaluation of the differences related to this disease in the last years.	1998	9922954
rhodococcal systematics: problems and developments.	various approaches that have been used in the development of a system of classification for the genus rhodococcus are discussed. the application of chemotaxonomic, molecular systematic and numerical phenetic methods have greatly contributed to improvements in the systematics of rhodococci and related mycolic-acid containing actinomycetes. the genus currently encompasses twelve validly described species but improved diagnostic methods are needed to distinguish between them. in addition, evidence ...	1998	10068784
diversity of isolates of rhodococcus equi from australian thoroughbred horse farms.	pulsed field gel electrophoresis of restriction endonuclease digested genomic dna from a collection of clinical isolates of rhodococcus equi was used to compare strain diversity on different thoroughbred horse farms over time. restricted diversity was found among the isolates tested, as the same strains were detected on multiple farms and in multiple years. marked variation occurred in strain prevalence with some strains being represented by single isolates, and the most prevalent by 26 isolates ...	1998	10068785
novel rhodococci and other mycolate actinomycetes from the deep sea.	a large number of mycolate actinomycetes have been recovered from deep-sea sediments in the nw pacific ocean using selective isolation methods. the isolates were putatively assigned to the genus rhodococcus on the basis of colony characteristics and mycolic acid profiles. the diversity among these isolates and their relationship to type strains of rhodococcus and other mycolate taxa were assessed by curie point pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms). three major (a, c, d) and two minor (b, e) groups ...	1998	10068786
in situ detection of rhodococci associated with activated sludge foams.	genus-specific 16s rrna targeted oligonucleotide probes, rco1 and rco2, were designed and used to detect rhodococci in activated sludge foam samples by confocal laser scanning microscopy. pure cultures were used to find the optimal hybridisation conditions which were determined by comparing the mean fluorescent intensities of target and non-target cells from images captured using a confocal laser scanning microscope (clsm). the combination of fluorescent in situ hybridisation with rrna-targeted ...	1998	10068787
cell envelope composition and organisation in the genus rhodococcus.	a knowledge of the organisation of the rhodococcal cell envelope is of fundamental importance if the environmental and biotechnological significance of these bacteria are to be understood and successfully exploited. the genus rhodococcus belongs to a distinctive suprageneric taxon, the mycolata, which includes among others the genera corynebacterium, mycobacterium and nocardia. members of this taxon exhibit an unusual complexity in their cell envelope composition and organisation compared to oth ...	1998	10068788
surface-active lipids in rhodococci.	like other hydrocarbon-oxidising bacteria, rhodococci respond to the presence of alkanes by producing biosurfactant molecules to improve their ability to utilise these hydrophobic compounds as growth substrates. in the rhodococci these surfactants are predominantly glycolipids, the majority of which remain cell-bound during unrestricted growth. most work has been done on the trehalose mycolates formed by rhodococcus erythropolis, but nitrogen-limited conditions lead to the production of anionic ...	1998	10068789
the putative regulator of catechol catabolism in rhodococcus opacus 1cp--an iclr-type, not a lysr-type transcriptional regulator.	the catechol catabolic genes catabc from rhodococcus opacus 1cp have previously been characterized by sequence analysis of the insert cloned on plasmid prer1. now, a 5.1-kb dna fragment which overlaps with the insert of prer1 was cloned, yielding prer2, and subjected to sequencing. besides three other open reading frames, a gene was detected ca 200 bp upstream of the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase gene cata, which is obviously transcribed divergently from catabc. the protein which can be deduced from ...	1998	10068790
a self-compartmentalizing protease in rhodococcus: the 20s proteasome.	the 26s proteasome represents a major, energy-dependent and self-compartmentalizing protease system in eukaryotes. the proteolytic core of this complex, the 20s proteasome, is also ubiquitous in archaea. although absent from most eubacteria, this multi-subunit protease was recently discovered in rhodococcus and appears to be confined to actinomycetes. the eubacterial 20s proteasome represents an attractive complementary system to study proteasome assembly, quaternary structure, and catalytic mec ...	1998	10068791
biotransformation of nitriles by rhodococci.	rhodococci have been shown to be capable of a very wide range of biotransformations. of these, the conversion of nitriles into amides or carboxylic acids has been studied in great detail because of the biotechnological potential of such activities. initial investigations used relatively simple aliphatic nitriles. these studies were quickly followed by the examination of the regio- and stereoselective properties of the enzymes involved, which has revealed the potential synthetic utility of rhodoc ...	1998	10068792
enantioselective biotransformations using rhodococci.	the use of enzymes and whole cells in enantioselective biotransformation reactions is briefly reviewed. a rhodococcus strain is shown to possess nitrile hydratase and amidase activity. the organism can be used for the enantioselective biotransformation of racemic alpha-amino amides to (s) alpha-amino acids with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of > 98%. enantioselectivity is effectively time independent allowing easy quantitative conversion of racemic mixtures into enantiomerically pure alpha-amino a ...	1998	10068793
application of whole cell rhodococcal biocatalysts in acrylic polymer manufacture.	rhodococci are ubiquitous in nature and their ability to metabolise a wide range of chemicals, many of which are toxic, has given rise to an increasing number of studies into their diverse use as biocatalysts. indeed rhodococci have been shown to be especially good at degrading aromatic and aliphatic nitriles and amides and thus they are very useful for waste clean up where these toxic chemicals are present. the use of biocatalysts in the chemical industry has in the main been for the manufactur ...	1998	10068794
desulphurisation of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene by actinomycete organisms belonging to the genus rhodococcus, and related taxa.	desulphurising enzymes remove the sulphur moiety from an organosulphur molecule leaving the carbon skeleton intact. two kinds of desulphurisation reaction are recognised. the dibenzothiophene (dbt)-specific pathway desulphurises dbt to inorganic sulphite and 2-hydroxybiphenyl (hbp), and the benzothiophene (bth)-specific pathway desulphurises bth to 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)ethan 1-al (hpeal) and probably inorganic sulphite. the dbt-desulphurisation pathway was originally identified in rhodococcus ery ...	1998	10068795
applied aspects of rhodococcus genetics.	eubacteria of the genus rhodococcus are a diverse group of microorganisms commonly found in many environmental niches from soils to seawaters and as plant and animal pathogens. they exhibit a remarkable ability to degrade many organic compounds and their economic importance is becoming increasingly apparent. although their genetic organisation is still far from understood, there have been many advances in recent years. reviewed here is the current knowledge of rhodococci relating to gene transfe ...	1998	10068796
cloning of genes that have environmental and clinical importance from rhodococci and related bacteria.	generalised and specialised transduction systems were developed for rhodococcus by means of bacteriophage q4. the latter was used in conjunction with dna from an unstable genetic element of r. rhodochrous to construct resistance plasmids which replicate in strains of r. equi, r. erythropolis and r. rhodochrous. one of the plasmids, pda21, was joined with erythropolis coli suicide vector pecor251 to obtain shuttle plasmids maintained in both rhodococci and e. coli. conjugation between these rhodo ...	1998	10068797
structural alteration of linear plasmids encoding the genes for polychlorinated biphenyl degradation in rhodococcus strain rha1.	polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) tolerant derivatives of a strong pcb degrader, rhodococcus strain rha1, were selected after growth in the presence of 100 micrograms/ml pcbs. some of the derivatives did not grow on biphenyl but accumulated a yellow coloured metabolite suggesting a defect in the meta-ring-cleavage compound hydrolase step encoded by the bphd gene. other derivatives failed to grow on biphenyl and exhibited little pcb transformation activity suggesting a defect in the initial ring-hyd ...	1998	10068798
molecular characterisation of a rhodococcus ohp operon.	the ohp operon of rhodococcus strain v49 consists of five genes, ohpr, ohpa, ohpb, ohpc and ohpd which encode putative regulator and transport proteins and confirmed monooxygenase, hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase enzymes, respectively. these enzymes catalyse the conversion of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid to the corresponding linear product via a meta-cleavage pathway. confirmation that the ohp gene cluster formed an operon was provided by gene disruption d ...	1998	10068799
phospholipase d-neutralization in serodiagnosis of arcanobacterium haemolyticum and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infections.	phospholipase d (pld) neutralization was used to examine sera of humans (n = 40) with a spontaneous infection by arcanobacterium haemolyticum, sheep and goats (n = 76 and 79 respectively) with a spontaneous infection by corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, mice (n = 26) experimentally immunized with pld from a. haemolyticum (pld-a) and mice (n = 28) experimentally immunized with pld from c. pseudotuberculosis (pld-c). pld-a and pld-c were also used as neutralizing antigens. a positive result of n ...	1998	9987184
development of recombinant bacteria for the degradation of dibenzothiophene.		1998	9928115
late events in the assembly of 20s proteasomes.	electron microscopy and stem mass measurements have been used to characterize late intermediates in the assembly pathway of wildtype and mutant rhodococcus proteasomes. a proteolytically inactive and processing-incompetent mutant, betak33a, allowed a short-lived late intermediate of the pathway to be captured, the preholoproteasome. in this fully assembled 20s complex the 14 propeptides with an aggregate mass of 100 kda fill the whole central cavity and most of the two antechambers. it is furthe ...	1998	10049805
granuloma formation and in vitro macrophage activation in mice by mycoloyl glycolipids from nocardia asteroides and related taxa.	cord factor (trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate: tdm) is a well-known toxic glycolipid in mycobacterium tuberculosis. we isolated various mycoloyl glycolipids from nocardia asteroides 23,167 and related species which are closely related taxonomically to mycobacterium. since nocardia is also an opportunistic pathogen co-infected with hiv, we examined in vivo granuloma formation and the in vitro macrophage activation in mice. we found that cord factor (tdm) and glucose monomycolate (gm) from nocardia aster ...	1998	10097600
rhodococcus equi infection in transplant recipients: case report and review of the literature.	rhodococcus equi is an opportunistic pathogen that usually causes infection in immunocompromised hosts, mainly human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients, yet solid organ transplant recipients may be affected as well. infections in this group of patients have not been sufficiently analyzed.	1998	9484772
bacterial degradation of homo- and heterocyclic aromatic compounds in the presence of soluble/colloidal humic acid.	aqueous association of several organic compounds to aldrich humic acid (aha) was determined by equilibrium dialysis or solubility enhancement. the effect of varying concentrations of aha on chemical degradation was also determined in batch experiments. atrazine and glucose mineralization was greater in the presence of aha and the enhancement was attributed to enhanced cellular uptake. no aha inhibition on naphthalene or quinoline biodegradation was observed.	1998	9491567
characterization of a protocatechuate catabolic gene cluster from rhodococcus opacus 1cp: evidence for a merged enzyme with 4-carboxymuconolactone-decarboxylating and 3-oxoadipate enol-lactone-hydrolyzing activity.	the catechol and protocatechuate branches of the 3-oxoadipate pathway, which are important for the bacterial degradation of aromatic compounds, converge at the common intermediate 3-oxoadipate enol-lactone. a 3-oxoadipate enol-lactone-hydrolyzing enzyme, purified from benzoate-grown cells of rhodococcus opacus (erythropolis) 1cp, was found to have a larger molecular mass under denaturing conditions than the corresponding enzymes previously purified from gamma-proteobacteria. sequencing of the n ...	1998	9495744
evolutionary relationship between chlorocatechol catabolic enzymes from rhodococcus opacus 1cp and their counterparts in proteobacteria: sequence divergence and functional convergence.	biochemical investigations of the muconate and chloromuconate cycloisomerases from the chlorophenol-utilizing strain rhodococcus opacus (erythropolis) 1cp had previously indicated that the chlorocatechol catabolic pathway of this strain may have developed independently from the corresponding pathways of proteobacteria. to test this hypothesis, we cloned the chlorocatechol catabolic gene cluster of strain 1cp by using pcr with primers derived from sequences of n termini and peptides of purified c ...	1998	9495745
thyroid abscess due to rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.	a case of thyroid abscess due to rhodococcus equi in an hiv-positive patient with previous pulmonary abscess is reported. rhodococcus equi is a gram-positive rod that can cause infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, though it occurs more frequently in patients with dysfunctional cellular immune systems. several cases of rhodococcus equi infection in persons infected with hiv have been reported. in these patients rhodococcus equi usually invades the lungs, producing pn ...	1998	9512186
characterization of arc, a divergent member of the aaa atpase family from rhodococcus erythropolis.	a gene encoding a aaa atpase was discovered in the 5' region of the second operon of 20 s proteasome subunits in the nocardioform actinomycete rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21. the gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the protein, arc (aaa atpase forming ring-shaped complexes), is a divergent member of the aaa family. the deduced product of the arc gene is 591 residues long (66 kda). the purified protein possesses a low, n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive atpase activity and forms rings of ...	1998	9514743
disseminated rhodococcus equi and nocardia farcinica infection in a patient with sarcoidosis.		1998	9515692
vertebral osteomyelitis due to rhodococcus equi in a liver transplant recipient.	rhodococcus equi is a rare but well-documented cause of cavitary pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. in this report the first case of r. equi infection manifesting as vertebral osteomyelitis is described. a 39-year-old liver transplant recipient presented with recurrent pneumonia and a pleura-based lung abscess and subsequently developed osteomyelitis of the lower thoracic spine. surgical debridement and prolonged treatment with rifabutin and clarithromycin resulted in clinical cure. in the ...	1998	9524854
improved electroporation of rhodococcus equi.	the condition of an electroporation method was re-evaluated for the introduction of foreign plasmid dna into rhodococcus equi. the method is based on an electroporation of the bacteria made competent by culturing in a broth containing glycine and by heat shock at 50 degrees c. transformation of r. equi could be achieved with a chloramphenicol-resistant shuttle vector originating from rhodococcus fascians at an efficiency of about 10(4) transformants/microgram dna. the bacteria were also shown to ...	1998	9524960
hydrogen evolution by direct electron transfer from photosystem i to hydrogenases.	h2 evolution by direct electron transfer from the dithionite-reduced photosystem i (psi) complex to both hydrogenase i and hydrogenase ii from clostridium pasteurianum was observed. evidence indicates that the electron carriers on psi that transfer electrons to hydrogenase in this system are the fa/fb iron-sulfur clusters on the psac polypeptide, the terminal bound electron acceptors in psi. light-dependent h2 evolution was also observed, using high potential electron donors to psi, from a combi ...	1998	9538256
physical and serologic examinations of foals at 30 and 45 days of age for early diagnosis of rhodococcus equi infection on endemically infected farms.	to evaluate results of physical and serologic examinations of foals at 30 and 45 days of age on 3 types of farms with various prevalences of clinical disease (endemic, sporadic, none) caused by rhodococcus equi and to determine whether evaluations were helpful in early diagnosis and control of the disease.	1998	9540867
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of the genome of rhodococcus fascians: genome size and linear and circular replicon composition in virulent and avirulent strains.	total dna of virulent and avirulent strains of rhodococcus fascians was resolved by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) into a discrete number of fragments by digestion with the endonucleases asei and drai. restriction endonucleases paci, pmei, and swai yielded no fragments upon digestion of r. fascians genome, and all the other tested endonucleases recognizing 6 bp released too many fragments. the genome size was 5.6 megabases for the type strain r. fascians dsm 20669, and 5.8 megabases for ...	1998	9541568
characterization of the rrnb operon of the plant pathogen rhodococcus fascians and targeted integrations of exogenous genes at rrn loci.	a 6.0-kb sali dna fragment containing an entire rrna operon (rrnb) was cloned from a cosmid gene bank of the phytopathogenic strain rhodococcus fascians d188. the nucleotide sequence of the 6-kb fragment was determined and had the organization 16s rrna-spacer-23s rrna-spacer-5s rrna without trna-encoding genes in the spacer regions. the 5' and 3' ends of the mature 16s, 23s, and 5s rrnas were determined by alignment with the rrn operons of bacillus subtilis and other gram-positive bacteria. four ...	1998	9546162
[a pulmonary mass with a raging fever].		1998	9551161
degradation of geosmin-like compounds by selected species of gram-positive bacteria.	biodegradation of geosmin produced by streptomyces halstedii (a-1 strain) was investigated using seven gram-positive bacteria. bacterial action on the a-1 extract was followed at 15, 45 and 120 min. bacillus cereus ssp. thuringiensis hd-1, b. cereus 3711 and b. cereus ssp. mycoides 4379 showed no effect. however, arthrobacter atrocyaneus, arth. globiformis, chlorophenolicus n-1053 and rhodococcus maris caused a colour change from blue to yellow (positive reaction). these data suggest that geosmi ...	1998	9569688
19f nmr study on the biodegradation of fluorophenols by various rhodococcus species.	of all nmr observable isotopes 19f is the one perhaps most convenient for studies on biodegradation of environmental pollutants. the reasons underlying this potential of 19f nmr are discussed and illustrated on the basis of a study on the biodegradation of fluorophenols by four rhodococcus strains. the results indicate marked differences between the biodegradation pathways of fluorophenols among the various rhodococcus species. this holds not only for the level and nature of the fluorinated biod ...	1998	10335585
influence of selected physical parameters on the biodegradation of acrylamide by immobilized cells of rhodococcus sp.	the influences of concentration of acrylamide, ph, temperature, duration of storage of encapsulated cells and presence of different metals and chelators on the ability of immobilized cells of a rhodococcus sp. to degrade acrylamide were evaluated. immobilized cells (3 g) rapidly degraded 64 and 128 mm acrylamide in 3 and 5 h, respectively, whereas free cells took more than 24 h to degrade 64 mm acrylamide. an acrylamide concentration of 128 mm inhibited the growth of the free cells. immobilized ...	1998	10192898
relationships between demethylase activity, formaldehyde and oxygen during incubation of rhodococcus erythropolis with veratrate.	relationships between demethylase activity, formaldehyde and oxygen were investigated. demethylase activity was measured against the following substrates: veratric, vanillic, and isovanillic acids, as well as in the presence of guaiacol. the influence of atp and gtp on demethylase activity was also checked. demethylase activity was found to be dependent on the capability of the cells for endogenous oxygen uptake. in some cases atp produced the opposite effect: instead of being taken up, oxygen w ...	1998	10526986
changing epidemiology of infections in patients with neutropenia and cancer: emphasis on gram-positive and resistant bacteria.	over the past 3 decades, considerable changes have occurred in the types of bacteria causing infection in febrile patients with neutropenia and cancer. twenty years ago, gram-negative bacteria caused approximately 70% of bloodstream infections. as a probable consequence of long-dwelling intravascular devices, fluoroquinolone prophylaxis, and high-dose chemotherapy-induced mucositis, there has been a shift toward gram-positive coccal bacteremia. in most centers today, approximately 70% of bactere ...	1999	10530434
reciprocal-space solvent flattening.	solvent flattening is a powerful tool for improving crystallographic phases for macromolecular structures obtained at moderate resolution, but uncertainties in the optimal weighting of experimental phases and modified phases make it difficult to extract all the phase information possible. solvent flattening is essentially an iterative method for maximizing a likelihood function which consists of (i) experimental phase information and (ii) information on the likelihood of various arrangements of ...	1999	10531484
evaluation of macromolecular electron-density map quality using the correlation of local r.m.s. density.	it has recently been shown that the standard deviation of local r.m. s. electron density is a good indicator of the presence of distinct regions of solvent and protein in macromolecular electron-density maps [terwilliger & berendzen (1999). acta cryst. d55, 501-505]. here, it is demonstrated that a complementary measure, the correlation of local r.m.s. density in adjacent regions on the unit cell, is also a good measure of the presence of distinct solvent and protein regions. the correlation of ...	1999	10531485
microbial desulfurization of alkylated dibenzothiophenes from a hydrodesulfurized middle distillate by rhodococcus erythropolis i-19.	rhodococcus erythropolis i-19, containing multiple copies of key dsz genes, was used to desulfurize alkylated dibenzothiophenes (cx-dbts) found in a hydrodesulfurized middle-distillate petroleum (md 1850). initial desulfurization rates of dibenzothiophene (dbt) and md 1850 by i-19 were 5.0 and 2.5 micromol g dry cell weight(-1) min(-1), more than 25-fold higher than that for wild-type bacteria. according to sulfur k-edge x-ray absorption near-edge structure (xanes) analysis, thiophenic compounds ...	1999	10543810
otomastoiditis caused by rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids.	rhodococcus equi is a well-recognized pathogen in veterinary medicine and a rare but well-documented cause of cavitary pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. most cases of rhodococcus equi infections in these patients involve the lungs. otomastoiditis due to rhodococcus equi is rare, and disseminated rhodococcus equi with otomastoiditis has never been reported. we report a case of otomastoiditis with systemic dissemination due to rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids.	1999	10547875
preferential oxidative dehalogenation upon conversion of 2-halophenols by rhodococcus opacus 1g.	the regiospecificity of hydroxylation of c2-halogenated phenols by rhodococcus opacus 1g was investigated. oxidative defluorination at the c2 position ortho with respect to the hydroxyl moiety was preferred over hydroxylation at the non-fluorinated c6 position for all 2-fluorophenol compounds studied. initial hydroxylation of 2,3, 5-trichlorophenol resulted in the exclusive formation of 3, 5-dichlorocatechol. these results indicate that, in contrast to all other phenol ortho-hydroxylases studied ...	1999	10564791
sequence analysis of the oxidase/reductase genes upstream of the rhodococcus erythropolis aldehyde dehydrogenase gene thca reveals a gene organisation different from mycobacterium tuberculosis.	the sequence of the dna region upstream of the thiocarbamate-inducible aldehyde dehydrogenase gene thca of rhodococcus erythropolis ni86/21 was determined. most of the predicted orfs are related to various oxidases/reductases, including short-chain oxidases/reductases, gmc oxidoreductases, alpha-hydroxy acid oxidases (subfamily 1 flavin oxidases/dehydrogenases), and subfamily 2 flavin oxidases/dehydrogenases. one orf is related to enzymes involved in biosynthesis of pqq or molybdopterin cofactor ...	1999	10565547
alpha5 subunit in trypanosoma brucei proteasome can self-assemble to form a cylinder of four stacked heptamer rings.	the proteasomes have a central role in catalysing protein degradation among both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. the 20 s proteasome constitutes their catalytic core. in studying the structure of trypanosoma brucei 20 s proteasomes, we isolated by two-dimensional (2d) gel electrophoresis a 27 kda subunit protein with an estimated pi of 4.7 and subjected it to mass spectrometric analysis. a tryptic peptide sequence from the protein was found identical with that of the rat alpha5 subunit. with the use ...	1999	10567215
establishment of a gene transfer system for rhodococcus opacus pd630 based on electroporation and its application for recombinant biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acids).	a gene transfer system for rhodococcus opacus pd630 based on electroporation was established and optimized employing the escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle vectors pnc9501 and pnc9503 as well as the e. coli-corynebacterium glutamicum shuttle vector pjc1 as suitable cloning vectors for r. opacus pd630, resulting in transformation efficiencies up to 1.5 x 10(5) cfus/microgram plasmid dna. applying the optimized electroporation protocol to the pnc9501-derivatives pak68 and pak71 harboring the ent ...	1999	10570798
characterization of activity and expression of isocitrate lyase in mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium tuberculosis.	analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that mycobacterium avium expresses several proteins unique to an intracellular infection. one abundant protein with an apparent molecular mass of 50 kda was isolated, and the n-terminal sequence was determined. it matches a sequence in the m. tuberculosis database (sanger) with similarity to the enzyme isocitrate lyase of both corynebacterium glutamicum and rhodococcus fascians. only marginal similarity was observed between this open readi ...	1999	10572116
the structure of the specific capsular polysaccharide of rhodococcus equi serotype 4.	the specific capsular polysaccharide produced by rhodococcus equi serotype 4 was found to be a high-molecular-weight acidic polymer composed of d-glucose, d-mannose, pyruvic acid and a previously unidentified 5-amino-3,5-dideoxynonulosonic (rhodaminic) acid in the proportions 2:1:1:1. structural analysis, employing a combination of microanalytical methods, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometric techniques, established that the polysaccharide consisted of linear repeating ...	1999	10573859
in vitro activity of moxifloxacin, a new 8-methoxyquinolone, against gram-positive bacteria.	the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin, formerly bay 12-8039, against gram-positive bacteria was tested by the agar dilution method. a total of 189 isolates that included staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, streptococci, rhodococci, leuconostocs, pediococci, lactobacilli, and diphtheroids were tested. moxifloxacin showed greater potency than ciprofloxacin against s. aureus, streptococci, and enterococci, having minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) lower than th ...	1999	10579093
rhodopeptins (mer-n1033), novel cyclic tetrapeptides with antifungal activity from rhodococcus sp. i. taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities.	five novel cyclic tetrapeptides, named rhodopeptin c1, c2, c3, c4 and b5, were isolated from a strain named rhodococcus sp. mer-n1033. they are a novel type of cyclic tetrapeptide composed of a beta-amino acid and three usual alpha-amino acids. rhodopeptins show high in vitro antifungal activity against candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans, whereas they show no activity against bacteria.	1999	10580382
rhodopeptins, novel cyclic tetrapeptides with antifungal activities from rhodococcus sp. ii. structure elucidation.	the structures of rhodopeptins, novel antifungal peptides, were determined on the basis of physico-chemical analyses of the intact molecules and their acid hydrolysates. the structures of rhodopeptins c1, c2, c3, c4 and b5 were determined to be cyclo (-gly-l-orn-l-val-3-amino-10-methyldodecanoyl-), cyclo (-gly-l-orn-l-ile-3-amino-10-methyldodecanoyl-), cyclo (-gly-l-orn-l-val-3-amino-12-methyltridecanoyl-), cyclo (-gly-l-orn-l-val-3-amino- 12-methyltetradecanoyl-) and cyclo (-gly-l-lys-l-val-3-a ...	1999	10580383
rhodopeptins, novel cyclic tetrapeptides with antifungal activities from rhodococcus sp. iii. synthetic study of rhodopeptins.	total syntheses of cyclo (-gly-l-lys-l-val-(r)-3-aminododecanoyl-); lv9na and its diastereomer cyclo (-gly-l-lys-l-val-(s)-3-aminododecanoyl-); lv9nb, congeners of rhodopeptin b5 on beta-amino acid moiety, were achieved. the beta-amino acid moiety was prepared as a racemate by the thermal michael addition of an amine to alpha,beta-unsaturated ester. the racemic beta-amino acids were converted to their l-valylamide derivatives and the obtained diastereomers were separated. coupling of both diaste ...	1999	10580384
bacterial degradation of hydrocarbons as evidenced by respirometric analysis.	the microbial biodegradability of mineral oil and other hydrocarbons, namely hexane, decane and tetradecane was determined using the warburg constant volume respirometer. results of oxygen uptake indicated that hexane and tetradecane were more degradable than mineral oil and decane. rhodococcus erythropolis and erwinia cancerogena showed the highest (0.866) and lowest (0.115) oxygen quotient (qo2) values, respectively, when exposed to mineral oil. staphylococcus warneri and enterobacter cloacae ...	1999	10582377
identification and environmental detection of rhodococcus species by 16s rdna-targeted pcr.	bacteria of the genus rhodococcus can degrade a wide range of organic pollutants and catalyse many useful biotransformations. there is a need for improved tests to identify rhodococcus species. pcr-based methods for species identification offer advantages in terms of speed and accuracy over traditional methods and can allow direct detection of microbes in environmental samples., pcr tests, using primers targeted at species-specific sequences in the 16s rrna gene, were successfully developed for ...	1999	10583674
regiospecific internal desaturation of aliphatic compounds by a mutant rhodococcus strain.	a mutant rhodococcus strain lacking the ability to utilize 1-chlorohexadecane was found to cis-desaturate aliphatic compounds, such as 1-chlorohexadecane, n-hexadecane, and heptadecanonitrile, yielding corresponding products with a double bond mainly at the ninth carbon from the terminal methyl groups. a new oxidative pathway involving the cis-desaturation step was suggested for alkane utilization by rhodococcus spp.	1999	10584034
analysis of the reaction mechanism and substrate specificity of haloalkane dehalogenases by sequential and structural comparisons.	haloalkane dehalogenases catalyse environmentally important dehalogenation reactions. these microbial enzymes represent objects of interest for protein engineering studies, attempting to improve their catalytic efficiency or broaden their substrate specificity towards environmental pollutants. this paper presents the results of a comparative study of haloalkane dehalogenases originating from different organisms. protein sequences and the models of tertiary structures of haloalkane dehalogenases ...	1999	10585505
nad(+)-dependent (s)-specific secondary alcohol dehydrogenase involved in stereoinversion of 3-pentyn-2-ol catalyzed by nocardia fusca aku 2123.	an nad(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase was purified to homogeneity from nocardia fusca aku 2123. the enzyme catalyzed (s)-specific oxidation of 3-pentyn-2-ol (pyoh), i.e., part of the stereoinversion reaction for the production of (r)-pyoh, which is a valuable chiral building block for pharmaceuticals, from the racemate. the enzyme used a broad variety of secondary alcohols including alkyl alcohols, alkenyl alcohols, acetylenic alcohols, and aromatic alcohols as substrates. the oxidation was ...	1999	10586501
haloalkane dehalogenases: structure of a rhodococcus enzyme.	the hydrolytic haloalkane dehalogenases are promising bioremediation and biocatalytic agents. two general classes of dehalogenases have been reported from xanthobacter and rhodococcus. while these enzymes share 30% amino acid sequence identity, they have significantly different substrate specificities and halide-binding properties. we report the 1.5 a resolution crystal structure of the rhodococcus dehalogenase at ph 5.5, ph 7.0, and ph 5.5 in the presence of nai. the rhodococcus and xanthobacte ...	1999	10587433
mediastinitis due to gordona sputi after cabg.	genus gordona is included in mycolic acid containing bacteria. this genus infection is very rare and occurs classically in immuno-compromised patients. we report a patient who developed mediastinitis due to gordona sputi after coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg) using left internal mammary artery. immunocompromised factors were not noticed in this case but postoperative bleeding, the most important risk factor of mediastinitis, was found in his course. the treatment was antibiotic therapy, su ...	1999	10597001
diversity of bacterial strains degrading hexadecane in relation to the mode of substrate uptake.	the relative distribution of the modes of hydrocarbon uptake, used by bacteria of the environment for the degradation of long-chain alkanes, has been evaluated. the first mode of uptake, direct interfacial accession, involves contact of cells with hydrocarbon droplets. in the second mode, biosurfactant-mediated transfer, cell contact takes place with hydrocarbons emulsified or solubilized by biosurfactants. sixty-one strains growing on hexadecane were isolated from polluted and non-polluted soil ...	1999	10196747
selective transport of divalent cations by transition metal permeases: the alcaligenes eutrophus hoxn and the rhodococcus rhodochrous nhlf.	nhlf and hoxn, the genes encoding a cobalt transporter of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 and a nickel permease of alcaligenes eutrophus h16, respectively, were expressed in escherichia coli. 57co2+ and 63ni2+ transport of the recombinants was examined by means of a previously described physiological assay. although the transporters are highly similar, different preferences for divalent transition metal cations were observed. hoxn was unable to transport 57co2+, but mediated 63ni2+ uptake. the latter ...	1999	10201093
comparison of microbiologic and high-performance liquid chromatography assays to determine plasma concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of erythromycin base in plasma of foals after intravenous or intragastric administration.	to determine pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of erythromycin base after intragastric administration and erythromycin lactobionate after iv administration to healthy foals and to compare a microbiologic assay with a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method to determine plasma concentrations of erythromycin a.	1999	10211682
dust-borne bacteria in animal sheds, schools and children's day care centres.	a total of 316 bacterial strains, including psychrophiles, mesophiles and thermophiles, were isolated and identified from indoor dusts in schools, children's day care centres and animal sheds. several species which had not previously been reported from indoor environments were found: sphingomonas, brevibacterium, nocardiopsis, deinococcus and rhodococcus/gordona. a new psychrophilic actinomycete genus was also found in animal sheds, representing a new undescribed peptidoglycan type and an unusua ...	1999	10212408
characterization of is2112, a new insertion sequence from rhodococcus, and its relationship with mobile elements belonging to the is110 family.	a new insertion sequence (is2112) was identified in the genome of the 1-haloalkane-utilizing bacterium rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb 13064. the insertion element is 1415 bp long, does not contain terminal inverted repeats, and is not flanked by directly repeated sequences. is2112 belongs to the is110 family of transposable elements, and forms a separate subfamily, along with is116. two copies of is2112 were found in r. rhodochrous ncimb 13064 and one, two or three copies of a similar sequence we ...	1999	10217489
evidence for an inducible nucleotide-dependent acetone carboxylase in rhodococcus rhodochrous b276.	the metabolism of acetone was investigated in the actinomycete rhodococcus rhodochrous (formerly nocardia corallina) b276. suspensions of acetone- and isopropanol-grown r. rhodochrous readily metabolized acetone. in contrast, r. rhodochrous cells cultured with glucose as the carbon source lacked the ability to metabolize acetone at the onset of the assay but gained the ability to do so in a time-dependent fashion. chloramphenicol and rifampin prevented the time-dependent increase in this activit ...	1999	10217764
[cavitated pulmonary lesions in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection].		1999	10217851
detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation genes in different soil bacteria by polymerase chain reaction and dna hybridization.	twenty different strains of pseudomonas, mycobacterium, gordona, sphingomonas, rhodococcus and xanthomonas which degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) were characterized in respect to genes encoding degradation enzymes for pah. genomic dna from these strains was hybridized with a fragment of ndob, coding for the large iron sulfur protein (isp alpha) of the naphthalene dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida paw736 (ncib 9816). a group of seven naphthalene-degrading pseudomonas strains showe ...	1999	10220903
rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14 contains a novel degradation pathway for limonene.	strain dcl14, which is able to grow on limonene as a sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from a freshwater sediment sample. this organism was identified as a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis by chemotaxonomic and genetic studies. r. erythropolis dcl14 also assimilated the terpenes limonene-1,2-epoxide, limonene-1,2-diol, carveol, carvone, and (-)-menthol, while perillyl alcohol was not utilized as a carbon and energy source. induction tests with cells grown on limonene revealed that ...	1999	10224006
haloalkane dehalogenases: steady-state kinetics and halide inhibition.	the substrate specificities and product inhibition patterns of haloalkane dehalogenases from xanthobacter autotrophicus gj10 (xadhl) and rhodococcus rhodochrous (rrdhl) have been compared using a ph-indicator dye assay. in contrast to xadhl, rrdhl is efficient toward secondary alkyl halides. using steady-state kinetics, we have shown that halides are uncompetitive inhibitors of xadhl with 1, 2-dichloroethane as the varied substrate at ph 8.2 (cl-, kii = 19 +/- 0.91; br-, kii = 2.5 +/- 0.19 mm; i ...	1999	10231528
isolation and primary characterization of an amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous.	amidase (ec 3.5.1.4) was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 using isopropanol fractionation and exchange chromatography on mono q. the isolated amidase consists of four identical subunits with molecular weight 42+/-2 kd. the activity of the enzyme is maximal at 55-60 degrees c and within the ph range 5-8. the amidase from r. rhodochrous m8 is highly sensitive to such sulfhydryl reagents as hg2+ and cu2+. chelators (edta and o-phenanthroline) and serine proteinase inhibitors ...	1999	10231590