Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| identification of a new rflp type of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in epidemiological tracing of bovine johne's disease. | 2003 | 15086097 | |
| targeting enteric bacteria in treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases: why, how, and when. | this review discusses the role of bacterial adjuvants and antigens in induction and reactivation of chronic intestinal inflammation in susceptible hosts; discusses the results of recent therapeutic trials of antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics; and suggests future treatment strategies. | 2003 | 15703577 |
| introduction. proceedings of the 15th symposium of the nordic committee for veterinary scientific cooperation (nkvet): paratuberculosis. | 2003 | 15074634 | |
| immunology of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection--immunodiagnostic methods. | 2003 | 15074636 | |
| the national paratuberculosis program in norway. | 2003 | 15074638 | |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis and milk. | the possibility that milk from cattle with johne's disease could be a potential vehicle of transmission of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) to humans has been the focus of a uk government-funded research programme at queen's university, belfast since 1993. the main findings of this research programme are reported and practical advice about the most appropriate methods for the isolation/detection of this organism in milk is given. the findings of several milk surv ... | 2003 | 15074643 |
| paratuberculosis and crohn's disease--possible linkage? | 2003 | 15074644 | |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis--a review of present research in norway. | 2003 | 15074645 | |
| ongoing research on paratuberculosis in sweden. | 2003 | 15074647 | |
| factors affecting the herd level of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis--a case-control study. | 2003 | 15074650 | |
| elevated antibody responses in patients with crohn's disease against mpp14, a 14 kda secreted protein purified from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | 2003 | 15074652 | |
| absence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis components from crohn's disease intestinal biopsy tissues. | crohn's disease is a chronic human intestinal inflammatory disorder for which an etiologic agent has not been identified. johne's disease is a similar chronic enteric granulomatous disease of ruminant species and has been used as a model of crohn's disease. johne's disease has been proven to be caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. avium ss paratuberculosis). it has been proposed that m. avium ss paratuberculosis may also cause crohn's disease. this is of particular conce ... | 2003 | 15931311 |
| growth, congo red agar colony morphotypes and antibiotic susceptibility testing of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies (subsp.) paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of johne's disease in ruminants and has been associated with crohn's disease in humans. we sought to test growth rates and susceptibilities of various strains of map in two available growth media. | 2004 | 15931343 |
| mycobacterial diseases of deer. | the most significant mycobacterial diseases of free-living, captive and farmed deer are bovine tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, johne's disease (paratuberculosis), caused by mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (basonym m. paratuberculosis), and avian tuberculosis, caused principally by m. avium subsp avium. the first case of m. bovis infection in farmed deer was identified in new zealand in 1978. in 1983, a voluntary scheme was introduced in new zealand to control tuberculosis ... | 2004 | 15726126 |
| sequential patterns of gene expression by bovine monocyte-derived macrophages associated with ingestion of mycobacterial organisms. | we investigated mechanisms involved in killing of mycobacterial organisms by comparing the response of bovine monocyte-derived macrophages to ingestion of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis or m. avium subsp. avium organisms. previous studies have shown that bovine macrophages have the capacity to kill m. avium subsp. avium organisms in vitro but cannot kill m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis organisms. we used bovine cdna microarray technology to investigate sequential gene expression by ... | 2004 | 15458782 |
| efficacy of immunologic assays for the detection of johne's disease in dairy cows fed additional energy during the periparturient period. | this study was designed to evaluate if the immunosuppression typically observed during the immediate periparturient period (3 weeks before and after calving) in dairy cows influences the effectiveness of diagnostic tests for the detection of johne's disease; and, if providing additional energy to the cows during this period would minimize any immunosuppressive effects. twelve dairy cows naturally infected with mycobacterium paratuberculosis were fitted with rumen cannulas in late gestation and a ... | 2004 | 15460323 |
| use of conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction for confirmation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in a broth-based culture system esp ii. | the esp ii culture system (esp ii), a broth-based culture system, has been modified and optimized for culturing mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) in animal feces since 2000. conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays based on the is900 sequence were performed as confirmatory tests for m. paratuberculosis in esp ii liquid culture medium. there were no differences between test results of conventional and real-time pcr assays. during the 5-week ... | 2004 | 15460331 |
| estimate of the sensitivity of an elisa used to detect johne's disease in victorian dairy cattle herds. | to estimate the sensitivity of the elisa used in dairy cattle herds participating in the victorian bovine johne's disease test and control program (tcp). | 2004 | 15478730 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in swiss dairy cattle by culture and serology. | faecal samples from 186 dairy cows representing ten commercial dairy herds with sporadic clinical paratuberculosis (group a), and from 100 dairy cows from herds without a history of paratuberculosis (group b) were cultured for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). two different decontamination methods, a naoh/oxalic acid method and treatment with 0.75% hexadecylpyridinium chloride (hpc) were performed prior to inoculation of loewenstein-jensen agar slants with and without mycoba ... | 2004 | 15481586 |
| cow-level prevalence of paratuberculosis in culled dairy cows in atlantic canada and maine. | the prevalence of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (mptb) in culled dairy cattle in eastern canada and maine was determined to be 16.1% (95% confidence interval 13.8 to 18.3%) based on a systematic random sample of abattoir cattle. mesenteric lymph nodes and ileum from 984 cows were examined by histologic and bacteriologic methods. histological testing was far less sensitive than bacteriologic methods for detecting infected cattle. a seasonal pattern of positive cows was also detected, ... | 2004 | 15483160 |
| johne's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | johne's disease is a chronic diarrhea affecting all ruminants. mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), a slowly growing mycobacteria, is the etiologic agent. there is also a concern that map might be a causative agent of some cases of inflammatory bowel disease in humans, especially crohn's disease. food products including pasteurized bovine milk have been suggested as potential sources of human infection. this review addresses microbial factors that may contribute to its pathogenicit ... | 2004 | 15487941 |
| certification of herds as free of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection: actual pooled faecal results versus certification model predictions. | dutch dairy herds closed for at least 3 years with no history of paratuberculosis were recruited for a study on herd-certification. one hundred dairy herds were tested for mycobacterium paratuberculosis at 6-month intervals by pooled faecal culture (five individual animal samples per pool) with solid media. ninety of the herds completed 9 herd tests and 10 herds dropped out of the study for reasons other than a paratuberculosis diagnosis. of the 90 herds completing the full study, 61% eventually ... | 2004 | 15488270 |
| distribution of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in organs of naturally infected bull-calves and breeding bulls. | paratuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, has particular importance in cattle due to the resulting chronic diarrhoea, weight loss, decreased production, infertility and eventual death. while faecal oral route of infection is generally recognised, reports about semen-derived infection are rare. the objective of this work was to assess whether m.a. paratuberculosis may disseminate from the gastrointestinal tract to reproductive organs, and compare this event between ... | 2004 | 15504592 |
| comparison of pcr prescreening to two cultivation procedures with pcr confirmation for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in u.s. department of agriculture fecal check test samples. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the etiologic agent in johne's disease in cattle and causes diarrhea, decreased milk production, emaciation, and frequently death. the ability to detect map rapidly and accurately is an integral part of herd management. however, detection of this bacterium is complicated due to its slow division time and its ability to enter dormancy. culture methods are considered the "gold standard," but they have their limitations. many enzyme-linked immuno ... | 2004 | 15508650 |
| binomial distribution and estimation of the true prevalence of infected animals when pooled samples are used. | 2004 | 15510679 | |
| use of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis for typing mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | the etiology of crohn's disease in humans is largely unknown. clinical signs of crohn's disease partly resemble the clinical picture of johne's disease in ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. because of the high prevalence of these bacteria in (products of) ruminants and their remarkable thermostability, concern has been raised about the possible role of these bacteria in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease. in an attempt to develop a molecular typing method to facili ... | 2004 | 15528690 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains isolated from crohn's disease patients and animal species exhibit similar polymorphic locus patterns. | analysis of short sequence repeats of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolated from crohn's disease patients identified two alleles, both of which clustered with strains derived from animals with johne's disease. identification of a limited number of genotypes among human strains implies the existence of human disease-associated genotypes and strain sharing with animals. | 2004 | 15528739 |
| seroprevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in patients with crohn's disease. | 2004 | 15528765 | |
| longitudinal study of interferon-gamma, serum antibody and milk antibody responses in cattle infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | during a 2-year study period, 252 animals from dairy herds infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and 119 animals from non-infected herds were subjected to repeated blood and faecal sampling. animals were retrospectively grouped by infection status as infected, exposed (culture negative animals from infected herds), or non-infected animals, and by age, 12-23 months (1+ year), 24-35 months (2+ years), or 36 months and older (3+ years). samples were collected for culture of fae ... | 2004 | 15530738 |
| new latex bead agglutination assay for differential diagnosis of cattle infected with mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | extensive studies have shown that the current assays used to identify cattle infected with mycobacterium bovis or mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis are not sufficiently sensitive and specific to detect all infected animals, especially animals recently infected with the pathogens. in the present report we show that these limitations might be overcome with a latex bead agglutination assay (lbaa). with the specific immunodominant epitope (esat6-p) of m. bovis, we developed an lbaa and enz ... | 2004 | 15539508 |
| long-term collection and characterization of afferent lymph from the ovine small intestine. | reliable methods for long-term collection of afferent lymph draining from the small intestine of sheep are described and validated. the procedure was used successfully in normal sheep, in animals infected experimentally with the parasitic intestinal nematode trichostrongylus colubriformis and in animals infected naturally with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of johne's disease. our approach enabled afferent lymph draining from the small intestine to be collected ... | 2004 | 15541285 |
| analysis of the immune response to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in experimentally infected calves. | johne's disease of cattle is widespread and causes significant economic loss to producers. control has been hindered by limited understanding of the immune response to the causative agent, mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and lack of an effective vaccine and sensitive specific diagnostic assays. the present study was conducted to gain insight into factors affecting the immune response to m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. a persistent proliferative response to m. avium subsp. paratube ... | 2004 | 15557608 |
| an evaluation of mycophage therapy, chemotherapy and vaccination for control of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection. | the control of ovine johne's disease (ojd) is important for domestic trade, the viability of farming units and possibly also for public health. current strategies in australia have included quarantine and pasture spelling to decrease prevalence and shedding rates and reduce numbers of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (mptb) ingested by susceptible sheep. however, alternative procedures are needed and vaccination with gudair has recently commenced. this review examines prospects for the control of ... | 2004 | 15564023 |
| a long-term study in merino sheep experimentally infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: clinical disease, faecal culture and immunological studies. | two longitudinal experiments involving merino sheep challenged with either bovine or ovine strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) have been conducted over a period of 54 and 35 months, respectively. blood samples for the interferon-gamma test, the absorbed elisa and faecal samples for bacteriological culture were taken pre-challenge and monthly post-challenge. infections were induced with either a bovine or ovine strain of map in separate experiments with infections being m ... | 2004 | 15564025 |
| immunological response to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in chickens. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and culture are 2 common diagnostic tests for detecting mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in johne's disease, but they are not as sensitive as polymerase chain reaction (pcr). however, inhibitors can coextract with the target dna and cause interference in pcr. development of an immune capture assay followed by pcr amplification can alleviate this problem. in this study, we were able to induce an immune response in chickens using heat or f ... | 2004 | 15581226 |
| construction strategy for an internal amplification control for real-time diagnostic assays using nucleic acid sequence-based amplification: development and clinical application. | an important analytical control in molecular amplification-based methods is an internal amplification control (iac), which should be included in each reaction mixture. an iac is a nontarget nucleic acid sequence which is coamplified simultaneously with the target sequence. with negative results for the target nucleic acid, the absence of an iac signal indicates that amplification has failed. a general strategy for the construction of an iac for inclusion in molecular beacon-based real-time nucle ... | 2004 | 15583319 |
| intracellular invasion and persistence: survival strategies of streptococcus suis and mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. | streptococcus (s.) suis and mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) differ substantially in their host specificity and tissue tropism. s. suis is a facultative pathogen in swine, which mainly colonises the upper respiratory tract and can cause meningitis, septicemia, arthritis and pneumonia. in contrast, map is an obligatory pathogen causing paratuberculosis in ruminants, and shows high tropism for the intestinal tract. both pathogens are able to invade and persist in host cells. in s. s ... | 2004 | 15584427 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine fecal samples: comparison of three polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic tests with a conventional culture method. | three commercially available assays, designed to specifically detect the presence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in fecal samples by is900-pcr, were compared with a conventional culture method. fecal samples from 100 dairy cows were tested. fifty-four (67.5%) of 80 culture-positive samples were positive for an assay that detects map dna by dot spot hybridization of polymerase chain reaction products (kit a), 48 (60%) were positive by an assay using ethidium bromide staining ... | 2004 | 15586564 |
| a multilaboratory evaluation of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for the detection of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle. | five laboratories participated in a study to evaluate sources of variation in results from an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. each laboratory repeatedly tested duplicates of a negative, positive (p), and high-positive (hp) serum sample, which were supplied by the united states department of agriculture: animal and plant health inspection service: veterinary services, national veterinary services laboratories, ames, ia, ... | 2004 | 15586565 |
| a retrospective study of mortality in pennsylvania captive white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus): 20000--2003. | the postmortem records of 160 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) submitted for necropsy examination from 59 separate pennsylvania captive deer farms over a 3.5-year period were reviewed to determine the primary cause of death of each animal. the most common causes of death were bronchopneumonia (39 cases), enterocolitis (30 cases), malnutrition (13 cases), and trauma (11 cases). other causes of mortality included severe gastrointestinal parasitism (6 cases), cellulitis with septicemia (5 ... | 2004 | 15586566 |
| crohn's disease and map. | 2004 | 15610800 | |
| crohn's disease and map. | 2004 | 15610801 | |
| efficacy of pasteurization conditions for the inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of a chronic enteritis in ruminants (johne's disease), has been linked to crohn's disease in humans. this microorganism is shed by infected animals primarily in the feces but is also shed in the milk at much lower levels. therefore, dairy products from infected animals may be one mode of transmission of this animal pathogen. this study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the holder and high-temperature short-time pasteuri ... | 2004 | 15633677 |
| heterologous expression of a gene encoding a 35 kda protein of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis in escherichia coli. | the full-length open reading frame coding for a potentially immunogenic 35 kda protein of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis was generated using polymerase chain reaction technology. the gene was inserted in-frame into escherichia coli expression plasmid pqe32. the resulting recombinant plasmid ppmp35 was transformed into e. coli m15. analysis of the e. coli induced with isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside revealed that the protein accumulated into the cytoplasm as insoluble inclusion bodie ... | 2004 | 15074767 |
| mycobacterium avium sub. paratuberculosis in tissue samples of crohn's disease patients. | crohn's disease is a non-specific chronic transmural inflammatory disease. the disease was associated with a frameshit mutation in the nod2 gene. nevertheless, other researchers associated the presence of m. paratuberculosis within the intestinal tissues of patients with the disease. an adapted "in situ hybridization" technique was used to detect is900 m. paratuberculosis dna in paraffin embedded tissue from crohns tissue disease samples. we were able to identify m. paratuberculosis dna in aroun ... | 2004 | 14964409 |
| comparative evaluation of pcr assays for the robust molecular detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) can cause a very serious, often-fatal disease, namely paratuberculosis, in several animal species, especially ruminants. recently, it has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of infectious bowel disease of man. the aim of this study was to develop a molecular method for the routine detection and identification of map, from tissue samples of animal origin. the proposed assay would have to combine optimum performance and cost, with high reprodu ... | 2004 | 14967222 |
| a simple, rapid, and effective method for the extraction of mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna from fecal samples for polymerase chain reaction. | diagnosis of paratuberculosis (johne's disease) is stymied by the lack of 1 diagnostic tool that can be used to detect both subclinically and clinically infected animals. at present, fecal culture remains the single diagnostic test that can detect infection in both disease states provided the animals actively shed mycobacterium paratuberculosis in their feces. yet, fecal culture has a disadvantage associated with the protracted incubation period of 8-16 weeks before results are available. detect ... | 2004 | 14974843 |
| effects of prevalence and testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fecal culture on the risk of introduction of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected cows into dairy herds. | a stochastic simulation model was developed to assess the risk of introduction of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection into a dairy herd through purchase of female replacement cattle. the effects of infection prevalence in the source herd(s), number of females purchased, and testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) alone or elisa and fecal culture as risk mitigation strategies were evaluated. decisions about negative test results were made on a lot and individual bas ... | 2004 | 14974844 |
| a 38-kilobase pathogenicity island specific for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis encodes cell surface proteins expressed in the host. | we have used representational difference analysis to identify a novel mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific abc transporter operon (mpt), which comprises six open reading frames designated mpta to -f and is immediately preceded by two putative fur boxes. functional genomics revealed that the mpt operon is flanked on one end by a fep cluster encoding proteins involved in the uptake of fe(3+) and on the other end by a sid cluster encoding non-ribosome-dependent heterocyclic sideroph ... | 2004 | 14977927 |
| cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tissues of cattle infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: evidence for an inherent proinflammatory gene expression pattern. | in cattle and other ruminants, infection with the intracellular pathogen mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis results in a granulomatous enteritis (johne's disease) that is often fatal. the key features of host immunity to m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection include an appropriate early proinflammatory and cytotoxic response (th1-like) that eventually gives way to a predominant antibody-based response (th2-like). clinical disease symptoms often appear subsequent to waning of the th ... | 2004 | 14977946 |
| crohn's disease, mycobacteria, and nod2. | 2004 | 14998497 | |
| rapid and sensitive detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine milk and feces by a combination of immunomagnetic bead separation-conventional pcr and real-time pcr. | immunomagnetic bead separation coupled with bead beating and real-time pcr was found to be a very effective procedure for the isolation, separation, and detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from milk and/or fecal samples from cattle and american bison. samples were spiked with m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis organisms, which bound to immunomagnetic beads and were subsequently lysed by bead beating; then protein and cellular contaminants were removed by phenol-chloroform-isop ... | 2004 | 15004056 |
| population-based case control study of seroprevalence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis in patients with crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. | there is renewed enthusiasm for exploring the possibility that mycobacterium paratuberculosis may be causative in crohn's disease (cd). we aimed to determine whether cd subjects are more likely to be m. paratuberculosis seropositive than controls. using our population-based university of manitoba inflammatory bowel disease research registry, we recruited cd and ulcerative colitis (uc) subjects between 18 and 50 years of age for a study involving detailed questionnaires and venipuncture. we acces ... | 2004 | 15004064 |
| possible association of groes and antigen 85 proteins with heat resistance of mycobacterium paratuberculosis. | conflicting reports on the heat resistance of mycobacterium paratuberculosis prompted an examination of the effect of culture medium on this property of the organism. m. paratuberculosis was cultured in three types of media (fatty acid-containing medium 7h9-oadc (oleic acid-albumin-dextrose-catalase supplement) and glycerol-containing media wr-gd and 7h9-gd [glycerol-dextrose supplement]) at ph 6.0. m. paratuberculosis grown under these three culture conditions was then tested for heat resistanc ... | 2004 | 15006794 |
| a novel is element, ismpa1, in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | a novel insertion element belonging to the is110 family was identified in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the is element, ismpa1, is 1500 bp and has one orf encoding a putative transposase. three copies of ismpa1 were identified in the m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genome. the element had inserted into the 3' end of the highly conserved mycobacterial genes prrb and a homologue of m. tuberculosis rv1593c, and between a putative cytochrome p450 oxygenase and a putative hydrolase. t ... | 2004 | 15036538 |
| effects of gamma interferon, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor beta on the survival of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in monocyte-derived macrophages from naturally infected cattle. | gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) plays a significant role in the control of mycobacterial infections, including mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. however, the contribution of other immunoregulatory cytokines, such as interleukin-10 (il-10) and transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta), in johne's disease has not been investigated as yet. in this study, we examined the effects of in vivo and in vitro infection with m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis on the production of ifn-gamma, il-10, an ... | 2004 | 15039317 |
| neutralization of interleukin-10 significantly enhances gamma interferon expression in peripheral blood by stimulation with johnin purified protein derivative and by infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in experimentally infected cattle with paratuberculosis. | monoclonal antibody neutralization of interleukin-10 (il-10) increased johnin purified protein derivative-induced whole-blood gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) secretion 23-fold and also increased ifn-gamma secretion ninefold following in vitro mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. these results demonstrate the suppressive effect of il-10 on immune responses to m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle. | 2004 | 15039374 |
| [detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from the testicles of a clinically infected breeding animal]. | during a post mortem of a six year old simmental bull with severe paratuberculosis infection the testicles were further examined by pathological, histological and microbiological methods. no gross or histological lesions could be observed. single acid fast organisms were detected in smears taken from sterile testicle tissue. tissue material was additionally cultured in mycostatin culture media and after 8 weeks of incubation acid fast colonies were demonstrated. polymerase chain reaction with dn ... | 2004 | 15046460 |
| [investigation of serological prevalence and risk factors of paratuberculosis in dairy farms in the state of mecklenburg-westpommerania, germany]. | a total of 2,997 serum samples were randomly taken at 59 pre-selected dairy farms covering all districts with an average of 334 animals kept per farm. samples were analysed for antibodies against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m.a.p.) using svanovir-elisa. risk factors on farm characteristics and animal health were recorded at all participating farms by use of a questionnaire. fifty out of 59 farms (84.7%) showed at least one reactor. the average within herd prevalence was 12.2 ... | 2004 | 15046461 |
| mycobacterial proteome extraction: comparison of disruption methods. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has long been recognized as the causative agent of johne's disease, a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease of sheep, cattle and other ruminants. mycobacterial cells are extremely hardy, and proteomic analyses require the use of harsh conditions to effect their disruption. we compared the effectiveness of bead beating and sonication as cell lysis methods for the extraction of the proteomes of mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and mycobacterium avium s ... | 2004 | 15048990 |
| development of a polymerase chain reaction test to confirm mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in culture. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for confirmation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was developed using the primer set derived from ismav2. the pcr product was 494 base pairs (bp) and could be digested with clai, which produced 311- and 183-bp fragments. no amplification of 494-bp dna fragment was detected from dna of other mycobacterium spp., including mycobacterium avium complex, other bacteria, including escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, actinobacillus pleuropneumo ... | 2004 | 15053361 |
| recovery of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from the natural host for the extraction and analysis in vivo-derived rna. | rna has been extracted and analysed from in vivo-derived mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis recovered from the natural host. the bacteria were selectively extracted from the intestinal tissue of two goats exhibiting clinical signs of johne's disease. small intestine was rapidly removed, luminal contents washed away and the mucosa and submucosa harvested. mycobacteria in this material were released from the macrophages by isotonic lysis and differential centrifugation. rna was extrac ... | 2004 | 15063064 |
| establishment of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in the intestine of ruminants. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. a. paratuberculosis) is the cause of paratuberculosis, which is a chronic enteritis of ruminants characterized by granulomatous inflammation. the transmission of the infection is mainly by faecal contaminated feed. the bacteria are transported from the intestinal lumen into the intestinal wall via m cells, which overlie the domes of peyer's patches. it is proposed that integrin receptors on the apical surface of m cells bind fibronectin-opsonized b ... | 2004 | 15063592 |
| multilocus short sequence repeat sequencing approach for differentiating among mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis strains. | we describe a multilocus short sequence repeat (mlssr) sequencing approach for the genotyping of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) strains. preliminary analysis identified 185 mono-, di-, and trinucleotide repeat sequences dispersed throughout the m. paratuberculosis genome, of which 78 were perfect repeats. comparative nucleotide sequencing of the 78 loci of six m. paratuberculosis isolates from different host species and geographic locations identified a subset ... | 2004 | 15071027 |
| molecular epidemiology of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates recovered from wild animal species. | mycobacterial isolates were obtained by radiometric culture from 33 different species of captive or free-ranging animals (n = 106) and environmental sources (n = 3) from six geographic zones within the united states. the identities of all 109 isolates were confirmed by using mycobactin j dependence and characterization of five well-defined molecular markers, including two integration loci of is900 (loci l1 and l9), one mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis)-specific se ... | 2004 | 15071028 |
| serologic survey for antibodies against mycobacterium a vium subsp. paratuberculosis in free-ranging cervids from norway. | affinity between protein-g and immunoglobulins from red deer (cervus elaphus), moose (alces alces), roe deer (capreolus capreolus), and reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) was tested in a competition binding assay. sera from red deer, reindeer, and moose inhibited the assay less than sera from cattle (less affinity), whereas sera from roe deer showed a slightly higher affinity to protein-g than did sera from cattle. the conclusion was made that protein-g could be used instead of anti-species a ... | 2004 | 15137486 |
| disease survey of free-ranging grey brocket deer (mazama gouazoubira) in the gran chaco, bolivia. | samples from 17 free-ranging hunter-killed grey brocket deer (mazama gouazoubira) in the gran chaco, bolivia, were collected during june-august 1999. all 17 deer appeared to be in good condition at the time of death. gross necropsies were performed, serum was collected for serologic evaluation of selected infectious disease agents, and feces and ectoparasites were collected for evaluation of internal and external parasites. serologic tests were positive for antibodies against bovine respiratory ... | 2004 | 15137493 |
| factors affecting the herd level of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. | a case-control study was made of norwegian dairy herds with high and low herd levels of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. a high proportion of the herds had a considerable number of seropositive cows, and environmental and management factors were examined for possible associations with the high serological levels of antibodies. the most important appeared to be: geographical location, red deer (cervus elaphus) gaining access to the pastures for cattle, the obser ... | 2004 | 15143743 |
| newly developed primers for the detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | recent publications reported the existence of is900 like sequences in mycobacteria different from mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). the primers used for is900 detection of map have amplified these sequences causing false positive results. in this study, we have developed two new pcr assays for the detection of map. the first assay is based on the is900 sequence using primers different from the ones previously reported, the second assay on the f57 sequence. the specificity of ... | 2004 | 15145498 |
| infection rates in reactors to an absorbed elisa used in a test and cull program for bovine johne's disease. | to determine the proportion of cattle, whose sera gave positive reactions in a commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for bovine johne's disease, that were confirmed infected with mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis by histology and culture of tissues. | 2004 | 15149076 |
| absence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the microdissected granulomas of crohn's disease. | the etiology of crohn's disease remains unknown with inflammatory, infectious, and/or genetic causes suspected. granulomatous inflammation is a characteristic feature of the disorder, resembling the tissue response to mycobacterium. mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent in johne's disease, a chronic ulcerative intestinal condition in cattle, and has been implicated as a likely candidate. we carefully microdissected the granulomas from the paraffin-embedded rese ... | 2004 | 15154014 |
| simulation of alternatives for the dutch johne's disease certification-and-monitoring program. | to identify optimal method(s) for certification and subsequent monitoring of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map)-unsuspected herds, certification-and-monitoring schemes were studied using a stochastic simulation model ("johnessim"). johnessim simulated the within-herd transmission and economic aspects of map in closed dutch dairy herds. the model was validated with field observations on map-unsuspected herds. the current dutch certification-and-monitoring schemes were compared with ... | 2004 | 15154681 |
| model for immune responses to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in cattle. | 2004 | 15155609 | |
| relationship between antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk and shape of lactation curves. | to analyze how infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) affects the shape of lactation curves, a three-level hierarchical test-day model was set up with fat-corrected test-day milk yield (fctm) as response. milk samples from 6955 cows in 108 danish dairy herds were tested with elisa to detect antibodies against map. optical densities (ods) recorded on a continuous scale were standardized according to parity and stage of lactation. in addition to standardized ods (stod), s ... | 2004 | 15156998 |
| phagocytosis of m. paratuberculosis fails to activate expression of nadh dehydrogenase and nucleolin-related protein in bovine macrophages. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) is a facultative intracellular bacterium and causal agent of johne's disease in cattle. following phagocytosis, m. paratuberculosis resides and replicates in macrophage phagosomes that fail to mature. differential display reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (ddrt-pcr) was used as a high throughput initial screen to begin to test the hypothesis that macrophage gene expression patterns would be differentially affecte ... | 2004 | 15158609 |
| characterization of novel coding sequences specific to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: implications for diagnosis of johne's disease. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease, an economically important intestinal ailment of ruminants. due to the considerable genetic and serologic cross-reactivity with closely related and ubiquitous members of the m. avium complex, a species-specific method for the serological diagnosis of johne's disease is unavailable. computational and pcr-based analysis of the complete genome sequence of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis led to the identification ... | 2004 | 15184451 |
| blowflies calliphora vicina and lucilia sericata as passive vectors of mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, m. a. paratuberculosis and m. a. hominissuis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (actinomycetales: mycobacteriaceae) isolates of identical restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) type b-c1 were isolated from: intestinal mucosa of two cows showing clinical signs of paratuberculosis, a specimen of the blowfly calliphora vicina robineau-desvoidy (diptera: calliphoridae) captured while perched on these cattle intestines in a waste container at the site of the slaughter, and the blowflies c. vicina and lucilia caesar linnaeus ca ... | 2004 | 15189236 |
| comparative antibody response of five recombinant antigens in related to bacterial shedding levels and development of serological diagnosis based on 35 kda antigen for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | eighty-five complex (85a, 85b and 85c), 35-kda and superoxide dismutase (sod) were cloned, expressed and purified as antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to compare the serological reactivity of cows with different shedding levels of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mpt). antibody responses to all recombinant antigens positively increased depending on shedding levels. in particular, antibody responses to the 35 kda were higher than those to the others in all shedd ... | 2004 | 15192337 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis fibronectin attachment protein facilitates m-cell targeting and invasion through a fibronectin bridge with host integrins. | efficient attachment and ingestion of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by cultured epithelial cells requires the expression of a fibronectin (fn) attachment protein homologue (fap-p) which mediates fn binding by m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. invasion of peyer's patches by m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis occurs through m cells, which, unlike other intestinal epithelial cells, express integrins on their luminal faces. we sought to determine if the interaction between fap-p of m. av ... | 2004 | 15213112 |
| effect of chemical decontamination and refrigerated storage on the isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from heat-treated milk. | to assess the impact of chemical decontamination and refrigerated storage before culture on the recovery of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from heat-treated milk. | 2004 | 15214726 |
| optimisation of the time of milk sample decontamination with 0.75% cethylpirydinium chloride upon identification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | isolation of map from biological material, including milk, is very difficult. no matter how the fresh milk is obtained, it contains a certain number of rapidly growing microorganisms. therefore, the decontamination process is applied in the methods of map isolation. investigations were therefore undertaken to determine the optimal time of milk sample decontamination with 0.75% cpc. the experiment was divided into two parts: determination of the survival time of m.smegmatis and e. coli in 0.75% c ... | 2004 | 15230542 |
| gene expression and antimicrobial activity of bovine macrophages in response to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | we evaluated gene expression and antimicrobial responses of bovine monocyte-derived macrophages incubated with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. a. ptb), the causative agent of johne's disease. gene expression was evaluated by the use of human noncompetitive high-density oligonucleotide microarrays. bovine messenger rna hybridized with 14.2-18.2% of the 12,600 oligonucleotide probe sets. when macrophages incubated with m. a. ptb were compared with nonactivated control macrophages, ... | 2004 | 15232132 |
| sequential development of histologic lesions and their relationship with bacterial isolation, fecal shedding, and immune responses during progressive stages of experimental infection of lambs with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | understanding pathogenesis during progressive stages of infection by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and finding suitable methods for its diagnosis are key to the control of johne's disease in animals. paratuberculosis was experimentally produced in 20 crossbred lambs by oral administration of map to study the sequential development of lesions between 10 and 330 days postinfection and to assess commonly used diagnostic methods such as bacterial culture, lymphocyte stimulation t ... | 2004 | 15232138 |
| [considerations concerning diagnostic certainties and cut-off values for a bulk milk elisa for mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis]. | serological tests for the examination of individual samples from single animals are evaluated based on their ability to detect true positives above a defined threshold value. if results are obtained not from an individual but from a bulk sample this concept usually is adopted such that the threshold is set to allow the detection of a single positive sample within the pool. in conjunction with the development of a diagnostic paratuberculosis elisa for the examination of bulk milk samples it is di ... | 2004 | 15233344 |
| uv-induced inactivation rates for airborne mycobacterium bovis bcg. | engineering ultraviolet irradiation systems as a control against infectious airborne diseases requires a knowledge of intrinsic ultraviolet (uv) inactivation rates of airborne bacteria. ultraviolet inactivation rates for airborne mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) were determined at 50% and 95% relative humidity (rh) in a 0.8 m3 bioaerosol reactor. ultraviolet inactivation response of waterborne m. bovis bcg pure cultures was also determined. at 50% rh the airborne uv inactivatio ... | 2004 | 15238312 |
| seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection among dairy cows in colorado and herd-level risk factors for seropositivity. | to estimate seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) infection among adult dairy cows in colorado and determine herd-level factors associated with the risk that individual cows would be seropositive. | 2004 | 15239481 |
| use of recombinant esat-6:cfp-10 fusion protein for differentiation of infections of cattle by mycobacterium bovis and by m. avium subsp. avium and m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | immunological diagnosis of mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle is often confounded by cross-reactive responses resulting from exposure to other mycobacterial species, especially mycobacterium avium. early secretory antigenic target 6 (esat-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (cfp-10) are dominant gamma interferon (ifn-gamma)-inducing antigens of tuberculous mycobacteria, and they are absent from many environmental nontuberculous mycobacteria. because m. avium exposure is the primary confoundi ... | 2004 | 15242948 |
| paratuberculosis in farmed and free-living wild ruminants in the czech republic (1999-2001). | due to the occurrence of the infection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis among domestic ruminants and the rapid development of farmed deer industry and the market of cloven-hoofed game we have carried surveys of paratuberculosis, beginning in 1997, in the most common four species of wild ruminants in the czech republic [pavlik et al., vet. microbiol. 77 (2000) 231-251]. from 1999 the prevalence of paratuberculosis has been slightly reduced in all three types of husbandry of wild ... | 2004 | 15261995 |
| a molecular beacon-based real-time nasba assay for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in water and milk. | a molecular beacon-based real-time nasba assay for detection and identification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has been developed. it targets and amplifies sequences from the dnaa gene which are specific for this bacterium. the assay includes an internal amplification control, to allow identification of inhibited reactions. the assay was tested against 18 isolates of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, 17 other mycobacterial strains and 25 non-mycobacterial strains, and was fully s ... | 2004 | 15268946 |
| unexpected detection of dna by nucleic acid sequence-based amplification technique. | nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) is a technique that has been previously shown to selectively mediate the detection of rna in microbial cells. in a series of tests, nucleic acids were extracted from salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and subjected to four enzymatic treatments prior to nasba. these enzymatic treatments were dnase, rnase, s1 nuclease, and rnase/s1 nuclease. the results obtained were different for the two bacte ... | 2004 | 15271385 |
| gamma interferon production by bovine gamma delta t cells following stimulation with mycobacterial mycolylarabinogalactan peptidoglycan. | a large percentage of lymphocytes in the blood of cattle express the gamma delta t-cell receptor, but specific functions for these cells have not yet been clearly defined. there is evidence, however, that human, murine, and bovine gamma delta t cells have a role in the immune response to mycobacteria. this study investigated the ability of bovine gamma delta t cells to expand and produce gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in response to stimulation with mycobacterial products. bovine gamma delta t cel ... | 2004 | 15271921 |
| emerging pathogens: is mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis zoonotic? | 2004 | 15288721 | |
| rapid real-time pcr assay for detection and quantitation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis dna in artificially contaminated milk. | using fluorescence resonance energy transfer technology and lightcycler analysis, we developed a real-time pcr assay with primers and probes designed by using is900 which allowed rapid detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis dna in artificially contaminated milk. initially, the pcr parameters (including primer and probe levels, assay volume, mg(2+) concentration, and annealing temperature) were optimized. subsequently, the quantitative ability of the assay was tested and was fou ... | 2004 | 15294786 |
| persistence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis during manufacture and ripening of cheddar cheese. | model cheddar cheeses were prepared from pasteurized milk artificially contaminated with high 10(4) to 10(5) cfu/ml) and low (10(1) to 10(2) cfu/ml) inocula of three different mycobacterium paratuberculosis strains. a reference strain, nctc 8578, and two strains (806pss and 796pss) previously isolated from pasteurized milk for retail sale were investigated in this study. the manufactured cheddar cheeses were similar in ph, salt, moisture, and fat composition to commercial cheddar. the survival o ... | 2004 | 15294829 |
| amplified fragment length polymorphism reveals genomic variability among mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates. | ninety-six primer sets were used for amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) to characterize the genomes of 20 mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis field isolates, 1 american type culture collection (atcc) m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolate (atcc 19698), and 2 m. avium subsp. avium isolates (atcc 35716 and mac 104). aflp analysis revealed a high degree of genomic polymorphism among m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates that may be used to establish diagnostic patterns usef ... | 2004 | 15297504 |
| bacterial dna within granulomas of patients with crohn's disease--detection by laser capture microdissection and pcr. | we previously reported the use of laser capture microdissection (lcm) and pcr to detect the presence of mycobacterium paratuberculosis dna in granulomas of patients with crohn's disease. while this does not imply a cause-effect relationship, it may influence the disease process because bacterial dna has immunomodulatory effects. the aim of this study was to determine whether dna from nonmycobacterial commensals, such as escherichia coli, is also increased in the granulomas of crohn's disease. | 2004 | 15307874 |
| beetles as possible vectors of infections caused by mycobacterium avium species. | mycobacteria were not isolated from any of 229 beetle imagoes of 29 species originating from 14 distinct localities in the czech and slovak republics: 186 imagoes (34 samples) and 43 imagoes (12 samples) from the wild and herds with paratuberculosis infected ruminants, respectively. from 75 environmental samples taken from barns with infected ruminants, mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was isolated from five scrapings of the floors in barns and a feed processing room. from bran and pe ... | 2004 | 15327799 |
| genetic variation and heritability of the antibody response to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in danish holstein cows. | the purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic variation and the heritability of the ability to establish an immune response by producing antibodies to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. antibody levels were determined using an elisa and measuring optical density (od) values from milk samples of 11,535 cows from 99 herds. the pedigree of the 11,535 cows and information about days in milk, parity, milk yield, and others were obtained from the danish cattle database. the statistic ... | 2004 | 15328223 |
| destruction of mycobacterium paratuberculosis, salmonella spp., and mycoplasma spp. in raw milk by a commercial on-farm high-temperature, short-time pasteurizer. | the 2002 nahm's dairy survey indicated that 87.2% of dairy farms in the united states feed waste milk to their neonatal calves. although cost-effective, this practice can lead to increased calf morbidity and mortality due to ingestion of pathogenic agents. in an effort to reduce the risk of infection, dairy producers are implementing on-farm pasteurization of the waste milk as a control procedure before feeding the milk to calves. in the present study, the efficacy of a commercial high-temperatu ... | 2004 | 15328232 |
| evaluation of microbial culture of pooled fecal samples for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in large dairy herds. | to evaluate sensitivity of microbial culture of pooled fecal samples for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) in large dairy herds and assess the use of the method for estimation of map prevalence. | 2004 | 15334839 |