Publications

susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria.	with the significant increase in resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents in recent years, susceptibility testing of these organisms becomes very important. in addition to survey studies, hospitals should be determining their local patterns, and therapy of at least the more serious infections should be guided by susceptibility tests. of the various tests available, those most suitable for smaller hospitals for guidance of patient management are the broth disc elution procedure an ...	1983	6323094
polyclonal activation of human peripheral blood b lymphocytes by fusobacterium nucleatum.	the present study examined in vitro polyclonal human b-lymphocyte (b-cell) activation (pba) by fusobacterium nucleatum. pokeweed mitogen, a well-studied pba activator, was included in some experiments for comparison. pba was determined by the total immunoglobulin a, g, and m concentrations in the culture supernatants as measured by micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. f. nucleatum, at concentrations between 1 and 10 micrograms/ml, stimulated optimal pba in monocyte-depleted cultures, whereas ...	1983	6602093
nonspecific induction of immunoglobulin m antibodies to periodontal disease-associated microorganisms after polyclonal human b-lymphocyte activation by fusobacterium nucleatum.	the production of antibodies to oral bacteria was determined in lymphocyte cultures stimulated with sonicated fusobacterium nucleatum, a potent inducer of polyclonal b-cell activation. after 9 days the cultures were examined by a microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies to f. nucleatum, bacteroides gingivalis, actinomyces viscosus, and streptococcus sanguis. antibodies to these four bacteria were detected in cultures stimulated with polyclonal b-cell activatio ...	1983	6604024
microbial flora in women showing symptoms of nonspecific vaginosis: applicability of koh test for diagnosis.	the microbial flora of the vagina in 100 consecutive patients coming to a gynaecologist's office because of excessive and malodourous vaginal discharge was investigated. anaerobic bacteria were detected in 66% of cases, and gardnerella vaginalis in 59% of cases. lactobacilli were present in 52% of cases, candida in 19%, chlamydia trachomatis in 6% and trichomonas vaginalis in 5%. among the anaerobic bacteria, various strains of bacteroides or fusobacteria were the most common. the positive predi ...	1983	6607523
anaerobic gram-negative faecal flora in patients with crohn's disease and healthy subjects.	the anaerobic gram-negative faecal flora of five patients with crohn's disease (cd) was identified and compared with that of healthy subjects. for isolation and cultivation of the anaerobic gram-negative rods a non-selective medium was used. there were no significant differences in numbers of bacteroides and fusobacterium spp. between patients with cd and healthy subjects. however, the numbers of the "bacteroides fragilis" group were significantly higher in patients than in controls. the high nu ...	1983	6614898
comparative biological features of a rat liver abscess model induced with three fusobacterium necrophorum strains.	several biological features were compared in a rat liver abscess model, using intraportal inoculations with 3 bovine strains of fusobacterium necrophorum which varied in virulence. serum alanine aminotransferase activities were increased significantly (p less than 0.05) in rats inoculated with f necrophorum 2101 by postinoculation hours 6, 12, and 24. thereafter, alanine aminotransferase values returned to base line for the remainder of the experiment. also, rats inoculated with f necrophorum 21 ...	1983	6625335
bacteriology of dental abscesses of endodontic origin.	aspirates have been cultured from 10 dental abscesses of endodontic origin, all of which had penetrated beyond the bony alveolus to produce fluctuant swelling. sampling was by syringe aspiration. strict anaerobic techniques, including the use of an anaerobic chamber, were used for serial dilution and plating. randomly selected colonies (100) from each culture were purified, characterized, and identified. seventy percent of the bacterial isolates were either strict anaerobes or microaerophilic. o ...	1983	6630460
jaw disease in macropod marsupials: bacterial flora isolated from lesions and from the mouths of affected animals.	bacterial infections of the jaws are a common cause of death in macropods. lesions and oral cavities from 50 affected animals yielded wide ranges of aerobic and anaerobic organisms. the most frequent isolate from lesions (81%) was fusobacterium necrophorum, generally combined with other bacteria, but in 5 lesions, in pure culture. it was also isolated from 61% of mouths and this was the chief difference between the oral flora of affected and normal macropods. other groups of organisms isolated f ...	1983	6636509
the detection of obligate anaerobic bacteria in swine abscesses. a comparison between gas-liquid chromatography and bacteriological culturing methods.	from the 62 swine abscesses examined, 56 yielded positive cultures, of which 38 cases were mixtures of facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobic bacteria (oab). only 6 species appeared to be sterile. in all specimens, which yielded oab, vfa (c4-c6) could be detected by gas-liquid chromatography (glc). false negatives were not recorded, and only one false positive was found, which might have been due to faulty culture technique, or to the fact that the metabolic markers may persist longer than t ...	1983	6636510
the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria from pneumonic cattle lungs.	one hundred and forty-four lungs obtained postmortem from cattle with pneumonia were cultured for anaerobic bacteria. forty-five lungs yielded 73 anaerobic isolates belonging to 20 species. the number of isolations of anaerobes from acute fibrinous or suppurative bronchopneumonias (32.5%) was slightly lower than from similar chronic bronchopneumonias (36.5%). anaerobes were not recovered from 15 lungs showing macroscopic changes not of bacterial origin, nor from 13 healthy lungs. the predominant ...	1983	6640410
death of an african elephant from probable toxemia attributed to chronic pulpitis.	a 31-year-old captive male african elephant (loxodonta africana) of 5,000-kg body weight died suddenly in ventral recumbency. lesions seen at necropsy were bilateral purulent pulpitis and periodontitis of both tusks, serous atrophy of coronary groove fat, grammocephalus cholangitis, myocardial and skeletal lipofuscinosis, and scattered segmental necrosis in the pectoral muscles. nonhemolytic streptococci, corynebacterium sp, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, fusobacterium nucleatum, and bacteroides ...	1983	6643242
effect of selective media on recovery of obligately anaerobic gram-negative rods from human faeces.	total numbers and gross composition of the anaerobic human faecal flora were compared using non-selective and selective media. combinations of selective agents to suppress the gram-negative part of the flora such as vancomycin and neomycin, vancomycin and kanamycin, or kanamycin and bile were found to reduce total numbers of recovered obligately anaerobic gram-negative rods by 50-75%. with reference to experiments with penicillin as selective agent, underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon are ...	1983	6651287
[effects of rectal administration of an ampicillin suppository (ks-r1) on cecal microflora and cecal weight in mice].	ks-r1 is a new rectal preparation of ampicillin (abpc) sodium. changes of cecal microflora, changes of cecal weight and abpc concentrations in the cecum after rectal administration of ks-r1 to mice were compared with those after oral and subcutaneous administration of abpc. when ks-r1 was administered to mice by 25.0 mg/kg 3 times a day for 10 days continuously, a little changes were observed in the number of enterobacteriaceae, staphylococcus and lactobacillus in the cecum. however, at the fift ...	1983	6655808
[anaerobic septicemia following oropharyngeal infections (lemierre's postanginal septicemia): a forgotten syndrome].	two cases are reported of lemierre's post-anginal septicemia. one was fatal due to extensive septic pneumonia, while the other presented as acute osteomyelitis. both cases were preceded by oropharyngeal infections.	1983	6665544
cysteine conjugate beta-lyase in the gastrointestinal bacterium fusobacterium necrophorum.	a cysteine conjugate beta-lyase from the anaerobic gastrointestinal bacterium fusobacterium necrophorum was purified 51-fold by heat treatment, ammonium sulphate fractionation, gel-filtration chromatography, and anion-exchange chromatography. this enzyme catalyses the cleavage of the thioether linkage in cysteine conjugates of the following s-alkyl- or s-aryl-linked compounds: cysteine conjugate of propachlor (2-s-cysteinyl-n-isopropylacetanilide); 1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-s-cysteinylnaphthalene ...	1983	6673379
in vitro activity of u-57930e against anaerobic bacteria and its comparison with clindamycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin and tetracycline.	the in vitro activity of u-57930e, a pipecolic acid amide of clindamycin, was compared with those of clindamycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin and tetracycline against 321 anaerobic clinical isolates. the mic (micrograms/ml) of u-57930e that inhibited 95% bacteroides fragilis, peptococcus prevotii, b. melaninogenicus and p. asaccharolyticus was 0.0625; 0.03125 for peptostreptococcus anaerobius, b. vulgatus, propionibacterium and peptococcus species. clindamycin, on the other hand, gave mic values o ...	1983	6678915
in vitro activity of azlocillin, metronidazole and its hydroxy metabolite against anaerobes. bacteriostatic synergism studies.	the in vitro inhibitory activity of azlocillin (securopen), metronidazole (cloni) and its hydroxy metabolite was determined against 27 gram-negative and 13 gram-positive species of anaerobes by means of agar dilution tests. the 63 anaerobic strains were also tested against the pairs azlocillin-metronidazole and azlocillin-hydroxy metabolite by means of agar dilution tests. gram-negative species (bacteroides spp., fusobacterium spp. etc.) were inhibited by 0.125-256 micrograms/ml azlocillin, 0.01 ...	1983	6683537
[determination of the enzymatic traits of anaerobic gram-negative nonsporulating bacteria].	the method requiring the use of a semi-liquid medium with the reduced content of protein hydrolysates and with bromo-thymol blue added as indicator and permitting the determination of sugar fermentation by bacteroids and fusobacteria is presented. the determination is made by a change in the color of the indicator and the intensity of microbial growth (opacity) after the incubation of the inoculated medium under free access of air. a study has been made for comparing the above method with the el ...	1983	6314710
continuous-flow cultures as in vitro models of the ecology of large intestinal flora.	an anaerobic continuous-flow (cf) culture method has been developed which reproduces a number of bacterial interactions that occur in the large intestine of mice. these were determined in the following ways. (i) bacterial counts in smears stained with 37 specific fluorescent antisera showed that the numeric balance between 37 strict anaerobes isolated from conventional mice was maintained in cf culture of conventional mouse flora in the same manner as in conventional mice. (ii) mixed populations ...	1983	6339387
mechanisms that control bacterial populations in continuous-flow culture models of mouse large intestinal flora.	a previous study had established that anaerobic continuous-flow (cf) cultures of conventional mouse cecal flora were able to maintain the in vivo ecological balance among the indigenous bacterial species tested. this paper describes experiments designed to determine the mechanisms which control the population sizes of these species in such cf cultures. one strain each of escherichia coli, fusobacterium sp., and eubacterium sp. were studied. growth of these strains in filtrates of cf cultures was ...	1983	6339388
fibrinogenolytic and fibrinolytic activity in oral microorganisms.	samples were taken from blood accumulated in dental alveoli after surgical removal of mandibular third molars, from subgingival plaque of teeth with advanced periodontal destructions, from teeth with infected necrotic pulps, and from subjects suffering from angular cheilitis. of the microorganisms subcultured from these samples, 116 strains were assayed for enzymes degrading fibrinogen and fibrin. enzymes degrading fibrinogen were assayed with the thin-layer enzyme assay cultivation technique. t ...	1983	6345573
the survival of anaerobic bacteria at 4 degrees c and 22 degrees c on swabs in three transport systems. statistical evaluation by application of a variance component model.	the survival of anaerobic bacteria on swabs in three transport systems at 4 degrees c and 22 degrees c was evaluated. the transport systems were a charcoal-impregnated cotton swab in modified stuart's transport medium (ms), a plain cotton swab in a dry aerobic tube (da) and a plain cotton swab in an aerobic agar tube (aa). the test strains were bacteroides fragilis, b. melaninogenicus ss. intermedius, fusobacterium necrophorum, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, eubacterium lentum and clostridium ra ...	1983	6346789
the recovery of anaerobic bacteria from swabs in three transport systems. statistical evaluation by application of a variance component model.	the recovery of six anaerobic species from swabs in three transport systems was quantitatively evaluated. the test strains were bacteroides fragilis, b. melaninogenicus ss. intermedius, fusobacterium necrophorum, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, eubacterium lentum, and clostridium ramosum. the transport systems were a charcoal-impregnated cotton swab in modified stuart's transport medium (ms), or a plain cotton swab in either a dry aerobic tube (da) or an aerobic agar tube (aa). swabs were charged ...	1983	6346790
[pathogenicity of fusobacterium. apropos of 2 cases].	two cases of severe septico-pyohaemia due to fusobacterium necrophorum are reported. clinical data from human cases and experimental results from infections of laboratory animal with fusobacterium necrophorum suggest: the important role of individual factors which enhance anaerobic growth (i.e. decrease of tissular redox potential); the involvement of thrombophlebitis with septic thrombi increasing the frequency of metastases; the early and long-lasting bacterial localisation in tissues, particu ...	1983	6348666
bovine rumenitis - liver abscess complex: a bacteriological review.	fusobacterium necrophorum is considered to be a member of the normal rumen flora and is the primary etiologic agent of bovine liver abscesses. of the three biotypes of f. necrophorum, a, b, and c, only biotypes a and b have been implicated in the disease. type b is the predominant biotype isolated from ruminal lesions and type a is the predominate biotype isolated from liver abscesses. type a is usually found in pure culture in the liver abscesses; whereas, type b is usually found in mixed cultu ...	1983	6349929
[association between specific serum antibodies to subgingival gram-negative bacteria and the degree of periodontal destruction].		1983	6355331
antimicrobial drugs used in the management of anaerobic infections in children.	optimum antimicrobial therapy effective against anaerobes is required to rapidly resolve infections due to these organisms and to prevent serious complications. selection of antimicrobial therapy should be based on clinical experience and presumptive evidence until culture and sensitivity tests are available. if an abscess should develop, surgical drainage (when possible) is of paramount importance. antimicrobial therapy for anaerobic infections should usually be given for prolonged periods beca ...	1983	6360636
evaluation of the anaerobe-tek system for the identification of bacteroides and fusobacterium species.	reference strains and clinical isolates of bacteroides and fusobacterium species were examined by the anaerobe-tek system (a/t-system). of 104 strain, only 57 (54.8%) were identified correctly to species level. 38 strains (36.5%) were incorrectly identified and for 9 strains (8.7%) there were no codes in the manufacturers' data base manual. the results indicate that, in our hands, the a/t-system in its present form, is not suitable for the identification of clinical isolates of bacteroides and f ...	1983	6362327
pathogenic synergism of fusobacterium necrophorum and other bacteria in formation of liver abscess in balb/c mice.		1983	6368925
a comparison of four methods for detecting beta-lactamase in anaerobic bacteria.	four methods for detecting beta-lactamase activity in anaerobic bacteria were evaluated and compared to a nitrocefin saturated filter paper test. the methods studied were cefinase, padac, beta lactam, and the slide iodometric technique. fifty anaerobes were tested including species of bacteroides, fusobacterium, and clostridium. the percentages of agreement with the nitrocefin test are: cefinase 100%, padac 96%, slide iodometric 78%, and beta lactam 72%. positive nitrocefin tests have been shown ...	1983	6370561
fusobacterium necrophorum isolated from a hepatic abscess and from mastitic udder secretions in a heifer.	strains of fusobacterium necrophorum were isolated from secretions of an udder affected with mastitis (4 strains), an adjacent unaffected udder (3 strains), a superficial inguinal lymph node (2 strains) and a liver abscess (4 strains). these 13 strains were examined bacteriologically together with three known strains: f. necrophorum vpi-2891 and vpi-6161, and sphaerophorus necrophorus (f. necrophorum) n-167. all strains produced butyric acid from glucose and propionic acid from lactic acid, were ...	1983	6372575
activity in vitro of cefotetan against non-sporing anaerobes: a comparative study.		1983	6573312
relationships among the oral fusobacteria assessed by dna-dna hybridization.	dna was purified from 16 strains of fusobacterium nucleatum and from five strains representing other fusobacterium species. the relationships among fusobacteria were examined by dna-dna hybridization and by determining the guanine plus cytosine content of the dna. f. nucleatum was found to comprise a heterogenous group of organisms related to fusobacterium periodonticum and fusobacterium simiae, but unrelated to any of the other species of fusobacterium tested.	1983	6574153
fusobacterium periodonticum, a new species from the human oral cavity.	isolates of fusobacterium that differ from type strains of various fusobacterial species with respect to dna sequence, cellular fatty acid composition, and biochemical activity, were obtained from periodontitis lesions in a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. these isolates have the following distinguishing characteristics: 28% guanine + cytosine content; 40% or less dna homology with type strains of representative fusobacterial species; cell size, 0.5 - 1 x 4 -100 microns; absence ...	1983	6575999
effect of factors other than pathologic status on responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic periodontitis.	studies were designed to assess factors other than pathologic status of the cell donor which affect the blastogenic responsiveness in vitro of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbms) from normal donors and patients with periodontitis. cultures were established and activated using phytohemagglutinin-p (pha) or homogenates of actinomyces viscosus (avis), a gram-positive plaque microorganism, and fusobacterium nucleatum (fuso), a gram-negative plaque microorganism. activation was assessed by meas ...	1983	6577178
anaerobic pulmonary infections.	the main cause of anaerobic pulmonary infections is aspiration of saliva, upper airway secretions of gastric content. predisposing conditions include prominent dental disease, chronic upper respiratory tract infections and reduced consciousness. fusobacterium nucleatum, bacteroides melaninogenicus and anaerobic gram-positive cocci are the most frequently encountered organisms. the clinical presentations are lung abscess, lung gangrene and empyema, which all tend to take a slow and indolent cours ...	1983	6578589
haemolysis of human erythrocytes by the fusobacterium nucleatum associated with periodontal disease.	fusobacterium nucleatum and bacteroides gingivalis are associated with oral disease. they both attach to haemagglutinate and human erythrocytes. experiments were performed to determine whether haemolysis would occur following attachment of strains of f. nucleatum and bacteroides species including b. gingivalis. the f. nucleatum strains consistently displayed both haemagglutination and haemolytic activity. the b. gingivalis strains and other bacteroides species displayed haemagglutination but no ...	1983	6579906
[proportion and frequency of 3 kinds of anaerobic bacteria in relation to the gingival index].	the proportion and frequency of three groups of particular bacteria (bacteroides, fusobacterium and spirochetes) were studied in relation to the gingival index on the sites from which they were sampled. seventy eight samples collected from 40 individuals were studied together with measurements of the gingival index and the pocket or sulcus depth. the samples were dispersed by ultrasonic treatment, diluted and cultured on a non-selective medium. the identification of the species was done by bioch ...	1983	6581165
cellular fatty acid and soluble protein profiles of oral fusobacteria.	we compared the cellular fatty acid and protein content of 43 strains of oral fusobacteria isolated from patients with chronic gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, and juvenile and adult periodontitis, as well as from the stump-tailed macaque, to that of eight reference strains of oral and non-oral fusobacterium species. a gas-liquid chromatographic examination of trimethylsilyl derivatives of the fatty acid methyl esters revealed n14:0, 3-oh-14:0, n16:0, 16:1, 3-oh-16:0, n18:0, ...	1983	6581193
immunologic studies of endodontic disease: measurement by the elisa technique of antibody reactive with fusobacterium nucleatum in the serum of endodontic patients.		1983	6584421
corncob formation between fusobacterium nucleatum and streptococcus sanguis.	corncob formation in dental plaque was believed to be limited to strains of bacterionema matruchotii and streptococcus sanguis. we observed recently that strains of fusobacterium nucleatum also interacted with s. sanguis to form corncobs. since the fusobacteria are among the first anaerobic filaments to colonize subgingival plaque, these interactions could serve as a connecting link between the transformation of supra- to subgingival plaque. to further characterize these interactions, quantitati ...	1983	6131871
host response to mixed anaerobic infection with bacteroides melaninogenicus and fusobacterium necrophorum.		1983	6132881
reaction of clinical isolates and typed strains of the family bacteroidaceae with rabbit anti-bacteroides sera examined by radial immunodiffusion.	antisera were produced which were reactive with bacteroides fragilis, b. gingivalis, or b. melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus. anti-b. gingivalis serum exhibited strong reactions with strains of homologous species and reacted with only one other species, b. thetaiotaomicron. antigens shared by organisms of the b. fragilis group and b. melaninogenicus subspecies of the bacteroidaceae must be considered when serological methods are used for their identification.	1983	6136526
[non-clostridial anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections].		1983	6139326
[anaerobic sepsis].		1983	6141318
interaction of ia antigen-bearing polymorphonuclear leukocytes and murine splenocytes.	polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) were induced in the peritoneum of a balb/c mouse by ip injection of fusobacterium nucleatum (fn) (greater than 95% pmn). a subpopulation of pmn harvested bore ia surface antigens and stimulated a mixed lymphocyte reaction (mlr) when cultured with c57b1/6j splenocytes. the reaction was blocked by a short prior incubation of pmn with anti-ia antibody or pmn cell depletion by the same antibody plus complement. the ia antigen-bearing pmn were capable of antigenic m ...	1983	6220969
characterization of anaerobic fusiform-shaped bacteria isolated from a mouse cecum with api zym.		1983	6230824
o-antigenic corss-reactivity in fusobacterium nucleatum: chemotype v lipopolysaccharides.	nucleatum lipopolysaccharides (lps) of chemotype v were examined for cross-reactivity by indirect haemagglutination in non-absorbed and absorbed antisera. at least three o-antigenic specificities were detected in lps of five strains. there was a slight cross-reactivity between the lps of chemotype v and those of chemotype ii.	1983	6191518
neuraminidase activity of some oral anaerobic bacteria.		1983	6144743
efficacy of ethylenediamine dihydriodide as an agent to prevent experimentally induced bovine foot rot.	ethylenediamine dihydriodide (eddi) was administered by capsule and as a feed premix to cattle in 2 studies. in study i (32 steers), eddi was given at 0, 12.5, 50, and 200 mg/animal each day and in study ii (36 steers) at 0, 30, and 200 mg/animal each day. serum iodine levels were monitored during the studies. the cattle were inoculated intradermally in the interdigital space with a mixture of fusobacterium necrophorum and bacteroides melaninogenicus to induce acute foot rot at day 15 (study i) ...	1984	6146277
efficacy of ethylenediamine dihydriodide in the prevention of naturally occurring foot rot in cattle.	the efficacy of an ethylenediamine dihydriodide containing salt mixture was evaluated with regard to the prevention of naturally occurring foot rot in pastured cattle. ninety-six cattle were assigned to the treatment group and 96 were assigned to the control group. the groups were allowed consumption of salt-mineral mixtures, ad libitum, that were identical, except with respect to iodine concentration. the control group's mixture contained 0.0025% iodine and the treatment group's mixture contain ...	1984	6151816
antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in sweden in 1983.	this review is concerned with anaerobic bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility. data on the susceptibility to different antimicrobials of anaerobic isolates in sweden during 1983 is presented. among the different bacterial groups, clostridium perfringens, propionibacteria, anaerobic cocci and curved rods were found to be susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics, clindamycin and chloramphenicol. c. difficile was susceptible to benzylpenicillin and imipenem, but resistant to cefoxitin. most c. di ...	1984	6100139
thiol-dependent collagenolytic activity in culture media of bacteroides gingivalis.		1984	6235351
local and systemic production of immunoglobulins to periodontopathogens in periodontal disease.		1984	6241235
[bacterial flora of the urogenital tract in men with non-gonorrheal urethritis].		1984	6144143
pleomorphism of fusobacteria isolated from the cockroach hindgut.	fusobacteria are commonly isolated from the hindgut of the cockroach eublaberus posticus . eleven strains isolated from e. posticus by us were keyed to four species, fusobacterium necrophorum, f. varium , f. gonidiaformans , and f. prausnitzii , using current taxonomic criteria. with the exception of f. gonidiaformis , all species showed rods with swollen centers and large bodies. the pleomorphism of f. varium was examined by phase microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. th ...	1984	6144663
[susceptibility of potential periodontopathic bacteria to metronidazole, spiramycin and their combination].	a total of 65 bacterial strains originating mostly from subgingival plaque were tested for their susceptibilities to metronidazole, spiramycin, and their combination, ornidazole, erythromycin and tetracycline by means of an agar dilution technique. all agents were active against all anaerobic gram-negative rods. bacteroides gingivalis and fusobacterium nucleatum showed marked susceptibility to metronidazole (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) whereas 4-64 micrograms/ml were required to ...	1984	6584423
antibacterial properties of human lysozyme toward fusobacterium nucleatum fev1.	human lysozyme in physiologic concentrations (17-50 micrograms/ml) had apparently no effects on growth rate and viability of exponentially growing fusobacterium nucleatum fev1 cells, but cells in the stationary phase were affected. when grown in the presence of active lysozyme about 70% of the cells in late exponential phase (24-h culture) were able to form colonies, compared to about 100% in the control culture. about 24 h later the colony forming abilities were about 5% and 20%, respectively. ...	1984	6585918
immunologic profile of juvenile periodontitis. i. lymphocyte blastogenesis and the autologous mixed lymphocyte response.	studies of blastogenesis of lymphocytes in culture from juvenile periodontitis (jp) patients have been inconclusive. experiments demonstrating differences in lymphocyte blastogenesis to preparations of putative periodontopathogens in jp and phytohaemagglutinin (pha) were performed. variables in the blastogenesis assay system recently reported were controlled which included using a range of cell and activator concentrations, incubation times of 3, 5 and 7 days, conical-bottomed microtest wells an ...	1984	6592318
human neutrophil migration under agarose to bacteria associated with the development of gingivitis.	in clinically healthy gingiva and increasingly with the development of inflammation, neutrophils are found in the gingival tissues and sulcus. this study evaluated the relative ability of bacteria associated with gingival health and developing inflammation to stimulate this increase in neutrophil accumulation. dialyzed bacterial sonic extracts (be) in buffer and pooled human serum (phs) from pure cultures of streptococcus sanguis. actinomyces viscosus, a naeslundii, bacteroides intermedius, fuso ...	1984	6592328
[bacterial flora of the pathological gingival pocket with the exacerbation of profound inflammatory periodontopathies].		1984	6592840
the effect of storage in liquid nitrogen on the recovery of human dental plaque bacteria.	centrifuged deposits of various individual bacteria from type-culture collections and dental plaque samples were immersed in liquid nitrogen for periods of up to 2 years. all the organisms were recovered after storage in liquid nitrogen but fusobacterium nucleatum (atcc 10953) and campylobacter fetus (nctc 10354) consistently showed a reduction in the number of colony-forming units after freezing. the main effect on bacterial proportions in plaque samples was a reduction in aerobic gram-negative ...	1984	6596040
[activity of serum antibody to periodontopathic bacteria following periodontal treatment].		1984	6597230
[bacterial examinations in several cases of periodontal diseases].		1984	6597613
aetiological agents of necrobacillosis in captive wallabies.	in a series of 27 wallabies (macropus rufogriseus) with necrobacillosis, 14 animals were affected in the face, nine in the leg and six in the internal organs, two being affected in more than one site. fusobacterium necrophorum was the predominating organism, occurring in 69 per cent of lesions, usually in heavy and occasionally in pure culture. bacteroides species (six in all), often in considerable numbers, were found in 48 per cent of lesions, and f nucleatum in 14 per cent. aerobes or faculta ...	1984	6463385
production of menaquinones by intestinal anaerobes.	ninety intestinal organisms (71 isolates from fecal samples of neutropenic patients with cancer or from various sites in patients with intraabdominal infections and 19 control strains) were examined by reverse-phase thin-layer chromatography for their ability to produce menaquinones in vitro. menaquinones were found in all of 24 organisms of the bacteroides fragilis group. two other bacteroides species, bacteroides disiens and bacteroides bivius, also produced menaquinones. a single isolate of b ...	1984	6470528
bacteriology of experimental gingivitis in children.	children are more resistant to gingivitis than are adults. to determine possible differences in their periodontal floras, an experimental gingivitis study, identical in design to one reported earlier with young adults, was conducted with four 4- to 6-year-old children. the incidence of sites that developed gingival index scores of 2 in children was less than one-third of the incidence observed in adults. the composition of the flora of each child was statistically significantly different from th ...	1984	6480100
hepatic abscess formation in cattle inoculated with fusobacterium necrophorum.		1984	6482128
comparative efficacy of four antibiotics in anaerobic pulmonary infection. an experimental model in rabbits.	the efficacy of cefoxitin, mezlocillin, latamoxef and metronidazole in anaerobic lung infection was studied using a rabbit model. a mixture of bacteroides fragilis, peptococcus morbillorum, eubacterium lentum and fusobacterium nucleatum was inoculated transtracheally to produce infection within the lung. mezlocillin was most effective, achieving bacteriologic cure in 5 out of 8 animals. with cefoxitin therapy, 4 out of 8 became bacteriologically sterile. severe diarrhea with elevated titers of c ...	1984	6488936
anaerobic ureolytic bacteria from caecal content and soft faeces of rabbit.	forty strains of ureolytic bacteria were isolated from the caecal content and soft faeces of seven rabbits by the anaerobic roll tube method and were characterized. the isolates were identified with clostridium coccoides, cl. innocuum, peptostreptococcus productus, p. micros, peptococcus magnus, fusobacterium russii and fusobacterium sp. urease activity of representative strains of the various species was also determined. the study indicated that strongly-ureolytic anaerobic bacteria are present ...	1984	6490567
microorganisms isolated from infected aural fistulas.	aural fistula is a congenital deformity of the external ear relatively common in orientals and rare in caucasians. suppuration tends to occur, and chemotherapy rather than surgical drainage should be attempted. however, the lack of information concerning infected aural fistulas has made appropriate chemotherapy difficult. microorganisms isolated from 13 cases of infected aural fistulas were studied from january 1981 to december 1982. six species and 22 strains were isolated; nonsporeforming facu ...	1984	6492970
[non-clostridial anaerobic infection in patients with lung abscesses].		1984	6500353
characterization of predominant bacteria from the colons of normal and dysenteric pigs.	bacterial populations adherent to the mucosa of the proximal colons of weaned, healthy pigs were compared with populations from pigs with dysentery induced by inoculation with a culture of treponema hyodysenteriae. isolates (136) representative of the predominant flora adherent to colonic epithelia of normal pigs and isolates (162) from pigs with dysentery were cultured anaerobically on a rumen fluid-based medium and characterized. most (71%) of the isolates from colonic epithelia of normal pigs ...	1984	6508310
[anaerobic non-sporogenic infection in patients with lung abscesses].		1984	6510759
antitumor activity of sediment fractions from fusobacterium nucleatum culture supernatant.	the present study was carried out to examine antitumor activity of extracts from fusobacterium nucleatum culture supernatant. the extracts were prepared as sediment fractions by ethanol precipitation, isoelectric point precipitation and proteolytic enzyme-treatment. an ethanol fraction obtained by addition of 60% ethanol to the culture supernatant showed effective antitumor activity to ascites and solid type tumor of ehrlich carcinoma and also to solid type tumor of sarcoma 180 in icr mice. a se ...	1984	6513099
aspects of bacteriology and endocrinology of cows with pyometra and retained fetal membranes.	in an effort to clarify the pathogenesis of pyometra, 20 cows with retained fetal membranes and 20 without, but with contemporary calving dates were studied. they were palpated and their uteri were subjected to sample collections for bacteriologic cultural examinations twice weekly for 4 weeks. blood samples were obtained each day and evaluated for serum progesterone concentration. three cows without and 3 with retained fetal membranes developed pyometra during the study, resulting in 3 groups d ...	1984	6524717
isolation of fusobacterium necrophorum from a case of bovine mastitis.		1984	6525120
suppurative peritonitis in cats associated with anaerobic bacteria.		1984	6529399
biochemical and functional properties of a leucocidin produced by several strains of fusobacterium necrophorum.	a soluble exotoxin (a leucocidin) which was lethal to peripheral blood leucocytes from cattle, sheep, rabbits and man (in order of decreasing sensitivity) was elaborated by a variety of isolates of fusobacterium necrophorum when the majority of organisms were present as filaments in liquid culture. maximum production of the leucocidin was achieved by concentrations of bacteria equivalent to between 4 x 10(7) and 4 x 10(8) short cells per ml of culture above which no further increase in titre was ...	1984	6534355
an experimental model for pyogenic liver abscess.	we have developed a reproducible small-animal model for pyogenic liver abscess, suitable for investigating diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. male new zealand white rabbits weighing 2-3 kg were anaesthetized and the liver exposed. gentle pressure was applied with forceps to the right hepatic lobe. a suspension of 10(5) colony forming units (cfu) escherichia coli plus fusobacterium necrophorum (10(6) cfu) plus bacteroides fragilis (10(6) cfu) was immediately injected into a mesenteric vein. t ...	1984	6373947
sepsis and meningitis associated with anal dilation in a newborn infant.		1984	6380875
successful antimicrobial therapy of hepatic, intra-abdominal and intrapelvic abscesses.	antimicrobial therapy without surgical drainage or therapeutic aspiration was effective in the management of four patients with deep abscesses ranging in diameter from 1.3 to 10.0 cm. two of the patients had multiple hepatic abscesses, one had hepatic, intra-abdominal and intrapelvic abscesses, and one had an intrapelvic abscess alone. anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the blood or abscesses in all four patients, and an aerobic-anaerobic infection was present in one patient. the patients wer ...	1984	6383589
clinical, microbiological and immunological features associated with the treatment of active periodontosis lesions.	clinical, microbiological and immunological factors were examined using data from a subject with periodontosis. the subject was monitored at bimonthly intervals for 26 months at 6 sites per tooth for redness, plaque, suppuration, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and attachment level. using attachment level measurements and the tolerance method of analysis, sites with active disease and control (inactive) sites of equal pocket depth were selected. subgingival plaque samples were taken from thes ...	1984	6386896
isolation of obligate anaerobic bacteria from bovine abscesses in sites other than the liver.	a survey in japan showed that of 2036 slaughtered cattle 58(3%) had abscesses in sites other than the liver. in 21 of the affected animals the lesions were pulmonary and in 32 abdominal (excluding hepatic); in five animals the lesions were found elsewhere (muscle 2, skin 2, bone 1). nineteen (33%) of the 58 cattle also had abscesses in the liver. obligate anaerobes alone were isolated from 17(29%) of the affected animals (fusobacterium necrophorum 14, bacteroides spp. 2, peptostreptococcus anaer ...	1984	6389873
[methods of determining the sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria to antibacterial drugs].		1984	6395798
[the effect of initial preparation on the composition of the subgingival microbial flora in adult periodontitis].		1984	6396348
isolation of a major cell envelope protein from fusobacterium nucleatum.	a major, heat-modifiable cell envelope protein was identified in fusobacterium nucleatum fdc 364 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. this protein, designated hm-1, had apparent molecular weights of 38,500 and 50,000 when heated in sodium dodecyl sulfate at 50 and 100 degrees c, respectively. whole cells were labeled with 125i, and the results suggested that the hm-1 protein may be exposed on the bacterial surface. the hm-1 protein was isolated in association with the pe ...	1984	6370865
anaerobic oral and dental infection.	anaerobes make up a significant part of the oral and dental indigenous and pathogenic flora. their role in periodontal disease, root canal infections, infections of the hard and soft oral tissue, as well as their importance as foci for disseminated infectious disease is well established. despite the ubiquitous involvement of bacteria, significant progress in our understanding of specific microbial etiologies has occurred only in the past decade. estimates of the number of species recovered from ...	1984	6372018
anaerobic bacteria in bone and joint infections.	the etiologic importance of anaerobic microorganisms in bone and joint infections in certain settings has recently been emphasized. these settings include recovery of actinomyces species, hematogenously acquired infection, the presence of anaerobes in pure culture, and prosthetic-joint infection. frequently, mixed aerobic-anaerobic bone or joint infection develops as a consequence of infection in adjacent areas. the incidence with which anaerobes are present in these settings is undoubtedly unde ...	1984	6372025
role of anaerobic bacteria in bite-wound infections.	the etiologic agents usually involved in wound infections due to human or animal bites are the aerobic skin flora of the victim, e.g., staphylococcus aureus, and/or the aerobic oral flora of the biter, e.g., pasteurella multocida. while anaerobic bacteria are predominant in the normal oral flora of humans and animals, their importance in the pathogenesis of bite-wound infections has not been stressed. most investigators in this field have either not cultured these wounds for anaerobic bacteria o ...	1984	6372026
anaerobic infections in childhood.	anaerobic bacteria are part of the normal flora of mucous membranes and outnumber aerobic bacteria in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. anaerobes can be isolated from pediatric patients with various infections when appropriate techniques for transportation and cultivation of samples are employed. frequently anaerobes are isolated in combination with other facultative or aerobic bacteria. the genera or groups of anaerobes most frequently isolated from pyogenic infections in children are ...	1984	6372028
interactions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with anaerobic bacteria.	the interactions of anaerobic bacteria with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) are reviewed. anaerobes, including species of propionibacterium, fusobacterium, and bacteroides, produce serum-independent chemotactic factors capable of attracting pmns. in addition, these bacteria produce chemoattractants by complement activation and possibly by interaction with host lipids. bacteroides species are optimally phagocytosed by pmns when opsonized by both immunoglobulin and complement although the latt ...	1984	6372036
specimen collection and transport, anaerobic culture techniques, and identification of anaerobes.	excellent progress has been made in recent years in the development and refinement of technical materials used for transporting specimens and growing and identifying anaerobes. several good systems for maintaining swabs and vials for transporting liquid specimens are commercially available. anaerobic bags are useful for transporting unusual specimens, such as tissue or bone, and are also a convenient way to incubate small numbers of plates. several different types of anaerobic chambers, with or ...	1984	6372037
recovery of anaerobic bacteria from vented blood-culture bottles.	from january 1979, to july 1981, blood from each patient suspected of having bacteremia was collected in two bottles of commercially prepared tryptic soy broth; one bottle was vented for 24 hr to the atmosphere. bottles were incubated at 37 degrees c for a maximum of seven days and were examined daily for signs of growth. blind subcultures onto chocolate-agar plates were performed 18-24 hr after collection and again at 48 hr. for 63,106 bottles inoculated, a total of 4,788 strains were isolated, ...	1984	6372038
anaerobes as normal oral flora.	the human mouth provides a suitable habitat for numerous bacterial genera. anaerobic genera or genera that include anaerobic members found in the oral cavity are actinomyces, arachnia, bacteroides, bifidobacterium, eubacterium, fusobacterium, lactobacillus, leptotrichia, peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, propionibacterium, selenomonas, treponema, and veillonella. the incidence of anaerobes varies with age of the individual and with specific sites sampled. in edentulous infants, the incidence of a ...	1984	6372039
therapeutic effect of cefotetan in an experimental local infection with facultative and obligate anaerobes in granuloma pouches in rats.	the therapeutic activities of cefotetan against experimentally induced infections with escherichia coli. serratia marcescens, bacteroides fragilis or fusobacterium mortiferum in the granuloma pouches of rats were compared with those of cefmetazole and cefazolin. of these antibiotics, cefotetan showed the greatest therapeutic effect against the four bacterial infections after a single intramuscular administration. cefotetan was found to give much higher pouch exudate concentrations than cefmetazo ...	1984	6368517
adherence of oral bacteria to chemically modified hydroxyapatite.		1984	6317176
necrotizing pneumonia after pharyngitis due to fusobacterium necrophorum.	a case of necrotizing pneumonia secondary to fusobacterium necrophorum is reported. this anaerobic infection commonly originates in the upper respiratory tract and is often accompanied by multiple system disease due to hematogenous seeding. when the lungs are involved, diffuse necrotizing pneumonia with pleural effusions and cavitation results. the course is prolonged, and the diagnosis is frequently delayed. with appropriate antibiotics, the prognosis is good.	1984	6694861
purification and characterization of c-s lyase from fusobacterium varium. a c-s cleavage enzyme of cysteine conjugates and some s-containing amino acids.	an enzyme responsible for the carbon-sulfur bond cleavage of various s-aryl, s-aralkyl, and s-alkyl cysteines has been purified about 270-fold from fusobacterium varium. incubation of a cysteine conjugate of p-bromobenzene with the enzyme yielded equimolar amounts of p-bromobenzenethiol, pyruvic acid, and ammonia, indicating that the carbon-sulfur bond cleavage proceeds via an alpha, beta-elimination reaction. the enzyme activity was inhibited either by hydroxylamine or kcn and stabilized by pyr ...	1984	6698982
the pathogenic properties of fusobacterium and bacteroides species from wallabies and other sources.	intracerebral inoculation was more effective than intraperitoneal, intravenous or subcutaneous inoculation as a means of producing lethal infections with fusobacterium necrophorum in mice. strains varied in virulence but, of five examined, two had ld50 values as low as ca. 8000 and 14000 viable organisms. profuse bacterial multiplication in the brain was demonstrated. intravenous vaccination with a single large dose of heat-killed whole culture or washed bacterial cells failed to protect against ...	1984	6707469