Publications

[polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for microbiological diagnosis in refractory infectious keratitis: a clinical study in 16 patients].	the identification of the causative pathogen in infectious keratitis is possible in only 60% of the cases. the aim of this study was to show if this number increases by the use of pcr.	2000	10949815
natural history of infection with bartonella bacilliformis in a nonendemic population.	an investigation was performed after an outbreak of bartonellosis in a region of peru nonendemic for this disorder. symptoms of acute and chronic bartonellosis were recorded. serological analysis was performed on 55% of the affected population (554 individuals), 77.5% of whom demonstrated previous infection with bartonella bacilliformis. the attack rate of oroya fever was 13.8% (123 cases); the case-fatality rate was 0.7%. the attack rate of verruga peruana was 17.6%. a new specific immunostain ...	2000	10950782
[evaluation of serological response to bartonella henselae by enzyme immunoassay in cat scratch disease].	the igg and igm titers to bartonella henselae were determined by an enzyme immunoassay (eia). the eia test for detection of igg and igm antibodies to b. henselae concerning csd showed that 8 (40%) of 20 patients with csd had a serum igg antibody titer of 12 eia unit or more and that 5 (25%) patients had a serum igm titer of 12 eia unit or more. totally 12 (60%) of the 20 patients with csd were seropositive for b. henselae. the mean age of igg positive patients were higher than igm positive patie ...	2000	10965658
[cat-scratch disease caused by bartonella quintana in an infant: an unusual presentation].	this case study reports a typical clinical course of cat-scratch disease (csd) in an infant without epidemiological data and presenting bilateral submandibular lymphadenopathy. the authors describe clinical course, ultrasound images, diagnosis and prognosis. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detected and identified b. quintana in lymph node samples. b. henselae currently thought to be the causative agent of csd was not detected. the pcr assays for b. quintana and b. henselae should be available fo ...	2000	10967601
interaction of bartonella bacilliformis with human erythrocyte membrane proteins.	intracellular invasion is an important aspect of carrión's disease caused by bartonella bacilliformis. both the hematic and tissue phases of the disease involve the initial attachment of the organism to erythrocytes and endothelial cells, respectively. using two different approaches, preliminary evidence is provided that b. bacilliformis interacts with multiple surface-exposed proteins on human erythrocytes. utilizing western blot analysis, it was demonstrated that the organism binds several bio ...	2000	10968948
extracellular bartonella henselae and artifactual intraerythrocytic pseudoinclusions in experimentally infected cats.	blood, spleen and liver of specific pathogen-free (spf) cats and spf cats experimentally infected with bartonella henselae were examined. using immunohistochemical labeling, no intracellular b. henselae were observed in tissues of any cats, but extracellular b. henselae were detected in tissues of infected cats. pseudoinclusions were detected in erythrocytes of all cats using electron microscopy.	2000	10973702
[familial parinaud oculo-glandular syndrome in cat-scratch disease].	cat-scratch disease is manifested by subacute, regional lymphadenitis and occurs mainly in children. the causative agent is a pleomorphic, gram-negative bacillus, bartonella henselae carried by asymptomatic cats. parinaud oculoglandular syndrome is the most common ocular manifestation of this disease. it is characterized by unilateral conjunctivitis with polypoid granuloma, usually of the palpebral conjunctiva, and preauricular lymphadenopathy. the diagnosis is supported by a history of exposure ...	2000	10979428
transverse myelitis associated with probable cat-scratch disease in a previously healthy pediatric patient.	we evaluated a pediatric patient for transverse myelitis associated with bartonella henselae infection. there was no adenopathy in our patient, but the diagnosis was made serologically. it is necessary to keep cat-scratch disease in mind even in the absence of typical findings.	2000	10987731
infection of human endothelial cells with bartonella bacilliformis is dependent on rho and results in activation of rho.	bartonella bacilliformis was continuously internalized into human endothelial cells beginning shortly after addition of the bacteria and continuing for at least 24 h after infection in vitro, with a major increase in uptake occurring between 16 and 24 h. preincubation of endothelial cells with c3 exoenzyme, which inactivated intracellular rho-gtpase, blocked internalization of the bacteria. addition of c3 exoenzyme at any time after addition of the bacteria blocked further internalization of bac ...	2000	10992508
transcriptional activation of the htra (high-temperature requirement a) gene from bartonella henselae.	bacterial htra genes are typically activated as part of the periplasmic stress response and are dependent on the extracytoplasmic sigma factor rpoe. a putative promoter region, p1, of the sigma(e)-type heat-inducible promoters has previously been identified upstream of the htra gene of bartonella henselae. further analysis of the htra mrna by primer extension demonstrated that transcription initiates from p1 and a second region downstream of p1. this second promoter region, termed p2, had no seq ...	2000	10992509
[neonatal papular acrodermatitis (gianotti-crosti) and bartonella henselae infection].		2000	11003916
bartonella henselae associated uveitis and hla-b27.	to investigate the frequency of hla-b27 in patients with presumed bartonella henselae associated uveitis and to describe the clinical characteristics of hla-b27 positive patients with uveitis and presumed ocular bartonellosis (pob).	2000	11004097
[parotid involvement in cat scratch disease: a differential diagnosis with increased significance].	bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat-scratch disease (csd), an inflammatory infection of the lymph nodes. so far, only few cases of atypical manifestations in the head and neck, especially manifestations in the parotid gland have been reported.	2000	11006911
specific and nonspecific enzymes involved in the catabolism of mononucleoside and dinucleoside polyphosphates.	this review concerns enzymes that can degrade nucleoside 5'-tetra- and pentaphosphates (p(4)n and p(5)n) and those that can degrade various dinucleoside polyphosphates (np(3-6)n'). most of these enzymes are hydrolases, and they occur in all types of organisms. certain fungi and protozoa also possess specific np(n)n' phosphorylases. specific p(4)n hydrolases have been demonstrated in mammals and in plants. in yeast, p(4)n and p(5)n are hydrolyzed by exopolyphosphatases. among other hydrolases tha ...	2000	11007995
bartonella henselae, b. quintana, and b. bacilliformis: historical pathogens of emerging significance.	bartonella species were virtually unrecognized as modern pathogens of humans until the last decade. however, identification of bartonella species as the agents of cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, urban trench fever, and possible novel presentations of carrion's disease has left little doubt of the emerging medical importance of this genus of organisms. the three primary human pathogenic bartonellae, bartonella bacilliformis (carrion's disease), b. henselae (cat-scratch disease), and ...	2000	11008109
regional lymphadenopathy in cat-scratch disease: ultrasonographic findings.	cat-scratch disease (csd) is considered to be an emerging disease worldwide and is caused by bartonella henselae, a gram-negative bacterium introduced by a scratch or bite of a cat. the most common clinical manifestation is regional lymphadenopathy, but clinical recognition may be difficult, as atypical manifestations may occur. the diagnosis is confirmed with serologic testing and histology is rarely needed. this paper is based on our experience with the use of ultrasonography in the diagnosis ...	2000	11009305
optic disk edema associated with peripapillary serous retinal detachment: an early sign of systemic bartonella henselae infection.	to describe optic disk edema associated with peripapillary serous retinal detachment as an early sign of systemic bartonella henselae infection.	2000	11020412
ocular bartonellosis.	to review recent advances in the basic and clinical biology of bartonella-related eye disease.	2000	11020414
experimental evidence of host specificity of bartonella infection in rodents.	a large number of bartonella species and genetic variants were compared for their ability to cause bacteremia in different rodent species: the cotton rat (sigmodon hispidus), white-footed mouse (peromyscus leucopus), balb/c mouse and wistar rat. experimental data supported field observations that host specificity can occur among certain bartonella species and rodent species. bacteremia could only be readily produced in cotton rats or white-footed mice if the strains used for inoculation were ori ...	2000	11038125
[the niches and pathways of animal pathogens].	infectious diseases are not a relict of the past but a topical phenomenon determined by complex evolution of the currently existing and constantly changing microbial agents and their hosts. with regard to abundance of species within the microbial kingdom and rate of its changes and development, it is difficult to predict the role of the microbial factor in mortality of humans and animals. the study and generalization of sequential similarities of microbial virulence factors after the completion ...	2000	11039207
pseudoinfectious mononucleosis: a presentation of bartonella henselae infection.	six children presented during one year with clinical features of infectious mononucleosis, but with laboratory findings of leucocytosis with neutrophilia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and hypergammaglobulinaemia. serology for epstein-barr virus, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, and toxoplasma gondii was negative, while anti-bartonella henselae igm with high igg titre (>/=1/1024) was present in all. all children had contact with kittens. no specific treatment was administered and all rec ...	2000	11040157
rickettsia prowazekii and bartonella henselae: differences in the intracellular life styles revisited.	within the alpha subdivision of proteobacteria, the arthropod-borne human pathogens rickettsia prowazekii and bartonella henselae provide examples of bacteria with obligate and facultative intracellular life styles, respectively. the complete genome sequence of r. prowazekii has been published, whereas the sequencing of the b. henselae genome is in its final stage. here, we provide a brief overview of a comparative analysis of both genomes based on the delineated metabolic properties. the relati ...	2000	11045918
[peripheral lymphadenopathy in childhood--recommendations for diagnostic evaluation].	enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes most commonly caused by a local inflammatory process is frequently seen in childhood. the aim of the present study was to analyze the most common causes of peripheral lymphadenopathy and to develop a simple algorithm for the primary diagnostic evaluation of peripheral lymph node enlargement in this age group.	2000	11048289
immune aspects of bartonella.	bartonella species have been recognized as important human pathogens only recently. until the early 1990s, this genus was represented by one species, bartonella bacilliformis. the recent identification of other bartonella species as the agents of cat-scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis has left little doubt of their emerging importance as opportunistic human pathogens. over the last decade, extensive research has been performed on bartonella species, resulting in an explosion in our knowl ...	2000	11052646
[when cats scratch].		2000	11059029
coyotes (canis latrans) as the reservoir for a human pathogenic bartonella sp.: molecular epidemiology of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii infection in coyotes from central coastal california.	bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii was originally isolated from a dog suffering infectious endocarditis and was recently identified as a zoonotic agent causing human endocarditis. following the coyote bite of a child who developed clinical signs compatible with bartonella infection in santa clara county, calif., this epidemiological study was conducted. among 109 coyotes (canis latrans) from central coastal california, 31 animals (28%) were found to be bacteremic with b. vinsonii subsp. berkh ...	2000	11060089
serodiagnosis of bartonella bacilliformis infection by indirect fluorescence antibody assay: test development and application to a population in an area of bartonellosis endemicity.	bartonella bacilliformis causes bartonellosis, a potentially life-threatening emerging infectious disease seen in the andes mountains of south america. there are no generally accepted serologic tests to confirm the disease. we developed an indirect fluorescence antibody (ifa) test for the detection of antibodies to b. bacilliformis and then tested its performance as an aid in the diagnosis of acute bartonellosis. the ifa is 82% sensitive in detecting b. bacilliformis antibodies in acute-phase bl ...	2000	11060108
pathogenic mechanisms of bartonella quintana.	bartonella quintana is an epi- and intracellular gram-negative rod responsible for both acute and chronic clinical manifestations. we review the literature about pathogenic mechanisms of b. quintana and discuss our data. our efforts to clarify bartonella quintana pathogenesis run on two parallel tracks. the first one concerns interactions between bartonella quintana and endothelial cells by evaluation and modulation of apoptosis, signal transduction pathways and inflammation. the second one conc ...	2000	11061635
bactericidal effect of antibiotics on bartonella and brucella spp.: clinical implications.	the species bartonella and brucella are phylogenetically closely related bacteria, both of which can produce chronic infections in humans that are difficult to cure with antibiotics. mics of antibiotics for both species correlate poorly with the in vivo efficacy of the antibiotics. in this study we have determined mbcs of several antibiotics for this group of pathogens. only the aminoglycosides were bactericidal, and this correlates well with the usefulness of these antibiotics for the therapy o ...	2000	11062204
failure to detect bartonella henselae infection in synovial fluid from sufferers of chronic arthritis.	bartonella henselae causes granulomatous and indolent infection in the immune competent human, and angioproliferation in the context of persistent infection and impaired immunity. this bacterium is found in up to 40% of household cats, from which humans acquire it by either a cat scratch or a bite (hence the name, cat-scratch disease). approximately 5% of australian and us blood donors have serological evidence of past infection, but most associated illnesses are mild or subclinical. a number of ...	2000	11063291
bartonella henselae infection in british columbia: evidence for an endemic disease among humans.	human bartonellosis in north america is mainly associated with bartonella henselae, and the availability of laboratory diagnostic tools has significantly heightened awareness of the spectrum of human disease that is caused by this bacterium. we detail herein examples of illness in a pediatric population which serve to confirm that b. henselae-associated disease exists in british columbia. seroprevalence studies among asymptomatic adults and among children with symptomatic respiratory illness of ...	2000	11068677
disciforme keratitis caused by bartonella henselae: an unusual ocular complication in cat scratch disease.	cat scratch disease (csd) is a common infectious disease, however, its association with disciforme keratitis is a previously unreported ocular complication. with the use of the 16s rdna-pcr technique with subsequent dann sequencing on corneal material obtained by corneal scrape we were able to identify bartonella henselae in an unusual form of disciforme keratitis.	2000	11071035
[bacillary angiomatosis of the liver, a suspected ultrasound diagnosis?].	infections with bartonella henselae or bartonella quintana present with vasoproliferative lesions in skin and parenchymatous organs in immunocompromised patients. a case report of a 38-year-old patient with hiv infection and hepatitis b surface antigen status is described. the dominant clinical symptoms in our patient were fever and icterus. ultrasonography of the abdomen showed a picture similar to that of liver cirrhosis. irregular (echorich) nodes with hyper-vascularization were suspected to ...	2000	11072674
bartonella henselae and inflammatory bowel disease.	sustained fever and increased thickness of the distal ileum on ultrasound suggested crohn's disease in an adolescent boy. bartonella henselae infection was diagnosed by specific serology and the patient recovered. ileitis could be related to b. henselae infection.	2000	11072951
images in clinical medicine. bartonella neuroretinitis.		2000	11078771
hemin-binding surface protein from bartonella quintana.	bartonella quintana, the agent of trench fever and a cause of endocarditis and bacillary angiomatosis in humans, has the highest reported in vitro hemin requirement for any bacterium. we determined that eight membrane-associated proteins from b. quintana bind hemin and that a approximately 25-kda protein (hbpa) was the dominant hemin-binding protein. like many outer membrane proteins, hbpa partitions to the detergent phase of a triton x-114 extract of the cell and is heat modifiable, displaying ...	2000	11083791
[neck abscess as primary manifestation of head and neck carcinoma: implications for diagnostic management].	neck abscesses and deep neck infections are common diseases in the field of otorhinolaryngology. however, malignant lymph node metastases presenting as abscesses are uncommon and have rarely been described up to now.	2000	11089210
recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of cat scratch disease.	the cause of cat scratch disease (csd), first described in france in 1950 and in the united states in 1951, was unknown until 1983 when the bacterium in lymph nodes was detected using a warthin-starry silver stain. afipia felis has been an infrequent cause of csd since1988, when this gram-negative bacterium was first isolated from 10 patients with csd. in 1992 bartonella organisms were isolated from immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. an indirect fluorescent antibody test to detect b ...	2000	11095849
detection of serum antibodies to bartonella henselae and coxiella burnetii from japanese children and pregnant women.	the participation of bartonella henselae and coxiella burnetii in the pathogenesis of fever of unknown origin (fuo) and lymphadenopathy has not been completely clarified. prevalence of these two agents in japanese children is also unknown. serum igg and igm antibodies to b. henselae and to c. burnetii were examined by the indirect fluorescence antibody assay. enzyme immunoassay kits were used to detect serum igg and iga antibodies against chlamydia trachomatis. out of 200 healthy normal pregnant ...	2000	11099929
evidence of bartonella henselae infection in cats and dogs in the united kingdom.	sera from cats and dogs in the uk were tested by elisa for antibodies to bartonella henselae. seropositivity was confirmed in 28 of 69 pet cats (40.6 per cent), 33 of 79 feral cats (41.8 per cent) and three of 100 pet dogs. reactivity to specific b. henselae antigens was confirmed by western blotting and demonstrated that consistent antigenic bands were bound by sera from the cats and dogs.	2000	11132671
neuroretinitis: a clinical syndrome of cat-scratch disease.	cat-scratch disease is usually a benign self-limited illness, characterized by regional lymphadenopathy lasting between 3 and 6 weeks. the causative organism is bartonella henselae, a small gram-negative rod. between 1 and 2% of patients who contract the illness experience blurred vision, metamorphopsia and scotomas as a result of neuroretinitis, an associated clinical syndrome. the classical clinical findings in cat-scratch neuroretinitis include disc edema and a stellate pattern of exudates in ...	2000	11137430
diagnosis and treatment of bartonella henselae infections.		2000	11144381
bacillary angiomatosis in hiv-infected patients--an epidemiological and clinical study.	no data were available on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of bacillary angiomatosis (ba) in germany.	2000	11146343
[disciform keratatis caused by bartonella henselae infection: detection of a rare ocular complication of cat-scratch disease with pcr].	cat scratch disease (csd) is a common infectious disease, however its association with a disciforme keratitis is to our knowledge a previously unreported ocular complication.	2000	11146830
cat-scratch disease.	cat-scratch disease (csd) was first described by debré in 1950, yet the causative bacterial agent of csd remained obscure until 1992, when bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae was implicated in csd by serological and microbiologic studies. bartonella henselae had initially been linked to bacillary angiomatosis (ba), a vascular proliferative disease most commonly associated with long-standing human immunodeficiency virus infection or other significant immunosuppression. bartonella henselae ...	2000	11189710
determination of the rpob gene sequences of bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana for phylogenic analysis.	using the genome walker procedure, which allows pcr amplification of genomic dna using a single gene-specific primer and direct automated sequencing methodology, we obtained the nucleotide sequence of the rna polymerase beta subunit (rpob) from bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana. a phylogenetic tree constructed from these data and other rpob sequences available in genbank is, in part, consistent with those previously derived from 16s rrna gene sequences and confirms the position of bart ...	2000	11191808
three cases of cat scratch disease diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay and/or polymerase chain reaction of 16s rrna gene of bartonella henselae.	three suspected cases of cat scratch disease were diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay and/or polymerase chain reaction. patient 1 was a 10-year-old female who presented swelling of the right axillary [corrected] lymph nodes with pain and fever. she kept a kitten, and many scratches were observed on her both legs and dorsum manus. antibody titers against bartonella (b.) henselae were 1:32 for igm 3 weeks after the onset of the symptoms and 1:64 for igg 8 weeks after the onset. ...	2000	11193351
bartonella quintana endocarditis in a child.		2000	10866564
widening of the clinical spectrum of bartonella henselae infection as recognized through serodiagnostics.	the recently improved diagnostics have widened, in children, the spectrum of clinical manifestations recognisable as bartonella henselae infection. we report here the clinical features of 20 (14 males) consecutive children with serologically proved b. henselae infection observed within 12 months in the paediatric department of the university of pisa. the patients had a mean age of 7 years 4 months (range 1.1-14.1 years). all children but one had a history of contact with kittens. clinical manife ...	2000	10867845
the gene encoding the 17-kda antigen of bartonella henselae is located within a cluster of genes homologous to the virb virulence operon.	a bartonella henselae genomic a library was screened with antiserum generated in mice against live b. henselae. one of the immunoreactive clones expressed a 17-kda antigen that was characterized previously as an immunodominant protein of b. henselae. sequence analysis of the recombinant clone, pbhim-2, revealed that the open reading frame (orf) encoding the 17-kda antigen was situated between homologs of virb4 and virb6, two genes that belong to the virb operon. the virb operon has been associat ...	2000	10882236
differentiation of bartonella species by a microimmunofluorescence assay, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and western immunoblotting.	bartonella species can be differentiated by microimmunofluorescence assay, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), and immunoblotting with murine polyclonal antisera to bartonella henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae, and b. bacilliformis. a pairwise comparison on the basis of sds-page protein profiles demonstrated similarity values for proteins of different bartonella species ranging from 28.6 to 86.4%. antigenic relationships revealed by immunoblotting with murin ...	2000	10882662
bacillary angiomatosis by bartonella quintana in an hiv-infected patient.	bacillary angiomatosis and bacillary peliosis are opportunistic infections caused by bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana, which occur in patients with late-stage infection. we report a case of bacillary angiomatosis in an hiv-infected patient with skin, bone, and probably liver involvement, the identification of the agent (b quintana ) was done by polymerase chain reaction in the skin specimen. the patient had complete regression of all lesions after a 6-month regimen of oral erythromyci ...	2000	10642694
sequence variation in the ftsz gene of bartonella henselae isolates and clinical samples.	in a search for methods for subtyping of bartonella henselae in clinical samples, we amplified and sequenced a 701-bp region in the 3' end of the ftsz gene in 15 b. henselae isolates derived from cats and humans in the united states and europe. the ftsz sequence variants that were discovered were designated variants bh ftsz 1, 2, and 3 and were compared with 16s rrna genotypes i and ii of the same isolates. there was no ftsz gene variation in the strains of 16s rrna type i, all of which were bh ...	2000	10655367
bartonella birtlesii sp. nov., isolated from small mammals (apodemus spp.).	three strains isolated from apodemus spp. were similar to bartonella species on the basis of phenotypic characteristics. futhermore, genotypic analysis based on sequence analysis of the 16s rrna and glta genes and on dna-dna hybridization showed that the three isolates represented a distinct and new species of bartonella. the name bartonella birtlesii is proposed for the new species. the type strain of b. birtlesii sp. nov. is ibs 325t (= cip 106294t = ccug 44360t).	2000	11155970
osteomyelitis of the hip joint associated with systemic cat-scratch disease in an adult.	reported here is the case of a 29-year-old male with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever and weight loss, followed by acute painful osteomyelitis of the left hip joint due to cat-scratch disease. the diagnosis was established by detection of igg antibodies to bartonella henselae in serum and histologic examination of a lymph node including a positive polymerase chain reaction test. treatment consisted of clarithromycin and cefotiam for 2 weeks. four weeks after discharge, all of the patient's sympto ...	2000	11117643
cervical lymphadenitis and cat scratch disease (csd): an overlooked disease?	cat scratch disease (csd) is a benign disease characterized by regional lymphadenopathy affecting most frequently the head and neck region in children and young adults. in the present paper, the authors describe four cases of csd focusing on clinical history, diagnostic management and therapy. the main germ responsible for this lymph node disease is bartonella henselae. diagnosis is based on history, serology and histological findings. clinical evolution is generally favorable despite the fact t ...	2000	11205454
detection of bartonella henselae and afipia felis dna by polymerase chain reaction in specimens from patients with cat scratch disease.	polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification and colorimetric identification of amplicons were performed to detect bartonella henselae and afipia felis dna in specimens from patients who were clinically and histologically suspected of having cat scratch disease. pcr products were revealed using 2% ethidium bromide agarose-gel electrophoresis and identified with specific probes in a commercial colorimetric hybridization assay (deia) (gen-eti-k; diasorin, italy). six paraffin-embedded lymph node ...	2000	11205638
interaction of bartonella henselae with endothelial cells results in rapid bacterial rrna synthesis and replication.	bartonella henselae is a slow-growing microorganism and the causative pathogen of bacillary angiomatosis in man. here, we analysed how interaction of b. henselae with endothelial cells might affect bacterial growth. for this purpose, bacterial rrna production and ribosome content was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) using rrna-targeted fluorescence-labelled oligonucleotide probes. b. henselae grown on agar plates showed no detectable rrna content by means of fish, whereas ...	2000	11207598
an update on human bartonelloses.	the data available on bartonella species has increased rapidly in the last decade with 12 new species and subspecies being described and bartonellas being found to be associated with an increasing spectrum of clinical syndromes in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. in addition b. weissii is found in cats. this rapid expansion of knowledge has come about with the development of new culture and molecular biology techniques to isolate and identify the organisms. much of the information ...	2000	11317589
quantitative analysis of valvular lesions during bartonella endocarditis.	cardiac valve pathology was evaluated in 15 patients with confirmed diagnosis of bartonella endocarditis. ten were infected by bartonella quintana and 5 by bartonella henselae. histologic features of these cases, including fibrosis, calcification, vegetation, pattern of inflammation, and vascularization, were compared with those of valves from 25 cases of non-bartonella endocarditis as controls using a computerized quantitative image analysis. pathologic and immunohistologic testing for localiza ...	2000	11338477
bartonella spp antibodies and dna in aqueous humour of cats.	bartonella spp antibodies were measured in the serum and aqueous humour of cats with and without uveitis and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for bartonella spp dna was performed on aqueous humour from most of the cats. serum and aqueous humour were assayed from 49 client-owned cats with uveitis, 49 healthy shelter cats, and nine cats experimentally inoculated with either b henselae or b clarridgeiae, 454 days after inoculation. an aqueous antibody coefficient (c value) was calculated for cats po ...	2000	11716593
[cat-scratch disease].	we report a case of fourteen years old boy with cat scratch disease. he was treated at pediatric clinic in january and february 2000. cat scratch disease is benign infectious chronic disease which appears in all ages. it begins after contact with cat and its scratch. yearly incidence of this disease for whole population is 0.77-0.86/100.000. the cause is bacillus bartonella which is also called genus rochalimaea. it is gram negative, mobile, aerobe bacillus with ten flagellas on one pole. our pa ...	2000	11219917
molecular characterization of first human bartonella strain isolated in italy.	the aim of this study was to characterize a bartonella strain (ba-1) isolated from a blood culture of an italian, human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with bacillary angiomatosis. we analyzed the isolate using molecular biology methods such as whole-cell fatty acid analysis, pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, type-specific 16s rrna pcrs, sequence analysis of the 16s rrna, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and arbitrarily primed pcr. the ba-1 isolate turned out to be ...	2001	11724882
immunopathology of bartonella vinsonii (berkhoffii) in experimentally infected dogs.	following natural infection with bartonella, dogs and humans develop comparable disease manifestations including endocarditis, peliosis hepatis, and granulomatous disease. as the immunologic response to infection in these hosts has not been clearly established, data presented here was derived from the experimental infection of six specific pathogen free (spf) beagles with a known pathogenic strain of bartonella. six dogs were inoculated intravenously with 10(9)cfu of b. vinsonii ssp. berkhoffii ...	2001	11730925
cat scratch disease due to bartonella henselae infection mimicking parotid malignancy.	an unusual bartonella henselae infection presenting clinically as a putative parotid cancer was diagnosed based on serological tests, histomorphology and amplification of a 16s-rdna sequence of bartonella henselae. the patient improved greatly upon antibiotic treatment and did not require surgery. although uncommon, infection with bartonella spp., particularly bartonella henselae, should be included in the differential diagnosis of parotid tumors.	2001	11757975
histological evidence of disease in wild stoats (mustela erminea) in england.	forty-four free-living stoats were collected from five game estates in england and examined for evidence of disease. all the macroscopic lesions were attributable to the trauma associated with being trapped or shot. there were no significant microscopic lesions in 27 (61 per cent) of the stoats. there was evidence of nematode parasitism in the intestines of six stoats (14 per cent), and in the lungs of five stoats (11 per cent), and of pulmonary granulomatous inflammation or microgranulomas in f ...	2001	11765324
[pseudotumoral presentation of cat scratch disease].	a frequent cause of chronic benign lymphadenopathy, cat-scratch disease (csd) occurs mainly in children and young adults. bartonella henselae is the agent responsible for csd. the most common symptoms of the disease are regional lymphadenopathy and fever. atypical forms occur in about 10% of patients; among them, csd may initially present as a tumor.	2001	11339132
invasion and persistent intracellular colonization of erythrocytes. a unique parasitic strategy of the emerging pathogen bartonella.	the expanding genus bartonella includes zoonotic and human-specific pathogens that can cause a wide range of clinical manifestations. a productive infection allowing bacterial transmission by blood-sucking arthropods is marked by an intraerythrocytic bacteremia that occurs exclusively in specific human or animal reservoir hosts. incidental human infection by animal-adapted bartonellae can cause disease without evidence for erythrocyte parasitism. a better understanding of the intraerythrocytic l ...	2001	11342592
longitudinal monitoring of the dynamics of infections due to bartonella species in uk woodland rodents.	blood samples were repeatedly collected from 12 sympatric woodland rodents over a 12-month period and dna extracts from each were incorporated into a bartonella-specific pcr targeting a fragment of the 16s/23s rrna intergenic spacer region (isr). the composition of each amplicon was analysed using restriction enzyme analysis (rea) and base sequence comparison. bartonella dna was detected in 70 of 109 samples. eleven samples contained dna derived from more than one strain. sequence analysis of 62 ...	2001	11349984
asymptomatic persistent pulmonary infiltrates in an immunocompetent boy with cat-scratch disease.	we describe here an immunocompetent boy with fever, regional adenopathy, multifocal hepatosplenic granulomas, and high and increasing serum antibody titers for bartonella henselae in whom diffuse bilateral reticulonodular pulmonary infiltrates developed in the absence of respiratory symptoms.	2001	11317652
assessing the association between the geographic distribution of deer ticks and seropositivity rates to various tick-transmitted disease organisms in dogs.	to determine whether the geographic distribution of deer ticks (ixodes scapularis) was associated with the distribution of dogs seropositive for various tick-transmitted disease organisms (ie, borrelia burgdorferi, rickettsia rickettsii, the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis [hge] agent, ehrlichia canis, and bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii).	2001	11318358
trem-1 amplifies inflammation and is a crucial mediator of septic shock.	host innate responses to bacterial infections are primarily mediated by neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. these cells express pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that bind conserved molecular structures shared by groups of microorganisms. stimulation of prr signalling pathways initiates secretion of proinflammatory mediators, which promote the elimination of infectious agents and the induction of tissue repair. excessive inflammation owing to bacterial infections can lead to tissue damage ...	2001	11323674
detection and culture of bartonella quintana, serratia marcescens, and acinetobacter spp. from decontaminated human body lice.	as part of a survey for trench fever among homeless people in marseilles, france, we attempted isolation of bartonella quintana from body lice. a decontamination protocol of immersion in 70% ethanol with 0.2% iodine was devised and was tested with a laboratory colony of body lice. lice which had been experimentally contaminated with either escherichia coli, staphylococcus epidermidis, or acinetobacter spp. were successfully decontaminated, and this process did not prevent the culture of b. quint ...	2001	11325978
[endocarditis by bartonella in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection].		2001	11333726
phylogenetic position of bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis based on 16s rdna and glta gene sequences.	the nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding 16s rrna and citrate synthase (glta) from a recently described member of the genus bartonella, bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis, isolated from mice and from the blood of a patient suffering from bacteraemia, were determined and compared with sequences of the 16s rdna and glta genes of other members of the genus bartonella in order to determine its relative phylogenetic position. b. vinsonii subsp. arupensis appeared to be closely related to b. v ...	2001	11211257
infection of fetal feline brain cells in culture with bartonella henselae.	bartonella henselae is known to cause central nervous system (cns) disease in humans, and neurological signs have been observed in experimentally infected cats. however, the pathogenesis of cns disease remains unclear. this study was undertaken to determine whether b. henselae infects feline fetal brain cells in vitro. microglial-cell- and astrocyte-enriched cultures were inoculated with b. henselae. giménez staining identified bacterial organisms within microglial cells by day 7 postinoculation ...	2001	11119554
cat scratch disease (bartonellosis) mimicking an sle flare.	only recently bartonella species have been recognized as important human pathogens. cat scratch disease (csd), caused by infection with bartonella henselae, shows a steady increase in the number of cases throughout the world. we report a case of an 18-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) who presented with ongoing fever, arthralgias and loss of weight which did not respond to increasing doses of corticosteroids. after exclusion of common infections a photograph of her cat in co ...	2001	11787880
prevalence of bartonella species and 16s rrna gene types of bartonella henselae from domestic cats in thailand.	prevalence of bartonella infection among 275 cats in 9 sites from 4 geographical regions (northern area: chiang mai; central area: kanchanaburi, ratchaburi, and bangkok; northeastern area: khon kaen, roi et, ubon ratcharthani, and nakhonratchasima; southern area: songkhla) of thailand was investigated. overall, bartonella species were isolated from 27.6% (76 of 275) of the cats. the isolation rate varied from 12.8% (5 of 39) in songkhla (southern area) to 50.0% (26 of 52) in khon kaen (northeast ...	2001	11791975
evidence of rodent-associated bartonella and rickettsia infections among intravenous drug users from central and east harlem, new york city.	we tested serum samples collected in 1997 and 1998 from a cohort of 204 injection drug users (idus) recruited from central and east harlem, new york city, new york, for antibodies reactive with seven rickettsial or bartonella spp. antigens. rodent-associated bartonella elizabethae and rickettsia akari were the primary etiologic agents of interest. the testing panel also included bartonella henselae, bartonella quintana, rickettsia prowazekii, rickettsia rickettsii, and rickettsia typhi. the high ...	2001	11791987
arthropod-transmitted infectious diseases of cats.		2001	11795958
granuloma annulare: another manifestation of bartonella infection?	granuloma annulare (ga) is a common cutaneous eruption whose pathogenesis remains unknown. recent literature has suggested a relation between borrelia infection and ga, a relation that has not been widely accepted. earlier works attempted unsuccessfully to implicate various other infectious agents. some reports have demonstrated the increased frequency of ga in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, again raising the possibility of an infectious etiology. using polymerase chain re ...	2001	11801791
aortic valve endocarditis caused by bartonella henselae: a rare surgical entity.	we report a case of aortic valve endocarditis caused by bartonella henselae. the patient initially presented to a regional hospital with generalized symptoms including lethargy, malaise and decreased appetite. transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a large vegetation on the aortic valve and he was treated empirically with broad spectrum intravenous antibiotics. several blood cultures were obtained which all returned negative results and the white blood cell count was normal. he was transferred to ...	2001	11803150
autoimmune haemolytic anaemia triggered by bartonella henselae infection: a case report.	bartonella henselae is a hitherto unidentified cause of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. here we report a case of coombs-negative autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. the episode was preceded by exposure to a cat and a non-specific infectious syndrome. concomitant serum titres of b. henselae antibodies were indicative of a recent infection. the case report suggests that b. henselae infection can trigger secondary autoimmune haemolytic anaemia.	2001	11843827
rapid allelic discrimination from real-time dna amplification.	a rapid method based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer and real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is used to identify the factor v genotype or to identify the bacterial species bartonella qunitana or bartonella henselae. allelic discrimination was performed on the post-pcr product. thermal cyclers other than the 7700 sequence detection system can be used for pcr, after which the products can be transferred to the 7700 sequence detection system for measurement of fluorescence. the delt ...	2001	11846614
the interactions of bartonella with endothelial cells and erythrocytes.		2001	11825706
deformin, a substance found in bartonella bacilliformis culture supernatants, is a small, hydrophobic molecule with an affinity for albumin.	culture supernatants of bartonella bacilliformis were previously shown to contain a factor, called deforming factor or deformin, which causes deformation and invagination of red cell membranes and formation of intracellular vacuoles. this factor is here shown to be a small water-soluble molecule, approximately 1400 da as estimated by gel-filtration chromatography. deforming factor binds tightly to albumin, especially albumin dimers and multimers, present in the growth medium. it can be released ...	2001	11831868
[new and emerging rickettsial and bartonella infections].	there have been recently reports on over 10 new and resurgent rickettsioses and bartonelloses in different countries, which reflects both socioeconomic processes in society and a higher methodological level of indication and identification of causative agents. in 1991, the author' laboratory, n. f. gamaleya research institute of experimental medicine, russian academy of medical sciences, established the etiology of the new rickettsiosis astrakhan spotted fever. it separated and studied 2 strains ...	2001	11837209
pyogenic granuloma: pyogenic again? association between pyogenic granuloma and bartonella.	pyogenic granulomas (pg) are benign vascular lesions which were thought to have an infectious etiology, yet none has been found. bacillary angiomatosis (ba), which presents as disseminated vascular lesions in immunosuppressed patients, and verruga peruana (vp), which presents as crops of vascular nodules in immunocompetent persons, are caused by infection with bartonella. thus, the question was raised whether bartonella could be associated with the development of pg, also a vasoproliferative les ...	2001	11907853
bartonella henselae infection mimicking a splenic lymphoma.	we report a bartonella henselae infection in a 40-y-old patient who presented with fever, weight loss, night sweats, elevated lactate dehydrogenase and multinodular splenomegaly with multiple abdominal lymphadenopathies. splenic cat-scratch disease is an exceptional diagnosis in adults and can easily be mistaken for a splenic lymphoma, thereby leading to an unnecessary splenectomy.	2001	11868771
infections in the homeless.	homeless people in developed countries have specific problems predisposing them to infectious diseases. respiratory infections and outbreaks of tuberculosis and other aerosol transmitted infections have been reported. homeless intravenous drug users are at an increased risk of contracting hiv, and hepatitis b and c infections. skin problems are the main reason the homeless seek medical attention, and these commonly include scabies, pediculosis, tinea infections, and impetigo. many foot disorders ...	2001	11871479
skin microflora and bacterial infections of the skin.	the skin is a milieu for controlled bacterial growth. skin supports the growth of commensal bacteria, which protect the host from pathogenic bacteria. environmental and local factors, host immunity, and organism adherence and virulence are intricately related to cutaneous infection. resident gram-positive bacteria include staphylococcus, micrococcus, and corynebacterium sp. staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes are notoriously pathogenic in the skin. in order for bacteria to be pathog ...	2001	11924823
[bartonella infection].	bartonella species have been recently recognized as an important human pathogen associated with a wide spectrum of diseases. four members of the genus are known to cause human infection: bartonella baciliformis, b. henselae, b. quintana and b. elizabethae. b. baciliformis, the first identified bartonella species, is the agent of two disease entities, oroya fever and verruga peruana., b. henselae and b. quintana are two species involved in producing bacteremic syndromes (relapsing fever, trench f ...	2001	12092178
[treatment of bite wounds and cat-scratch disease].	although rabies is the most serious consequence of animal bite injuries, in urban rabies-free countries the risk of rabies is far lower than the risk of bacterial infections of the wound. the most frequent etiologic cause of the wound infections after dog bites is pasteurella multocida, as well as in the case of bites by cats, after which cat-scratch disease may also develop, its main cause being bartonella henselae. all bite injuries must be carefully cleaned and disinfected; it is necessary to ...	2001	12078126
urban zoonoses caused by bartonella, coxiella, ehrlichia, and rickettsia species.	the last half of the 20th century witnessed an increase in the occurrence and recognition of urban zoonoses caused by members of the genera bartonella, coxiella, ehrlichia, and rickettsia, all traditionally considered to be members of the family rickettsiaceae. in recent years, new human pathogens (bartonella elizabethae, bartonella henselae, and rickettsia felis) have been recognized in urban environments. other newly recognized pathogens (ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia phagocytophila in t ...	2001	12653141
use of rpob gene analysis for detection and identification of bartonella species.	identification of bartonella species is of increasing importance as the number of infections in which these bacteria are involved increases. to date, these gram-negative bacilli have been identified by various serological, biochemical, and genotypic methods. however, the development of alternative tools is required, principally to circumvent a major risk of contamination during sample manipulation. the aim of our study was to investigate the possible identification of various bartonella species ...	2001	11158086
genetic variability and prevalence of bartonella henselae in cats in berlin, germany, and analysis of its genetic relatedness to a strain from berlin that is pathogenic for humans.	nineteen bartonella henselae strains and one bartonella clarridgeiae strain were isolated from blood samples of 97 pet cats and 96 stray cats from berlin, germany, indicating prevalence rates of 1 and 18.7%, respectively, for b. henselae and 0 and 1%, respectively, for b. clarridgeiae. eighteen of 19 b. henselae isolates corresponded to 16s rrna type ii. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analysis revealed seven different pfge types among the feline b. henselae strains. interestingly, all f ...	2001	11158141
high seroprevalence to bartonella quintana in homeless patients with cutaneous parasitic infestations in downtown paris.	bartonella quintana infections have recently been reported in homeless patients. we prospectively studied the prevalence of and the factors associated with a positive serology to b quintana in the homeless population of downtown paris. the following data were recorded: ongoing cutaneous parasitic infestation, years of homelessness, living status, previous episodes of body pediculosis and scabies, alcoholism, intravenous drug use, known immunodepression (including undernutrition and known hiv inf ...	2001	11174378
treatment of cat-scratch disease.	cat-scratch disease is an infection caused by bartonella henselae, a fastidious gram-negative bacillus acquired from exposure to an infected kitten or cat. the most common manifestation of human disease is lymphadenitis. atypical forms of infection include parinaud oculoglandular syndrome, stellate neuroretinitis, persistent fever without localizing signs, hepatosplenic infection, encephalopathy, osteomyelitis, and endocarditis. immunocompromised individuals with b. hensalae infection may develo ...	2001	11176245
experimental model of human body louse infection using green fluorescent protein-expressing bartonella quintana.	a laboratory colony of human body lice was experimentally infected by feeding on rabbits made artificially bacteremic with a green fluorescent protein-expressing bartonella quintana. b. quintana was detected in the gut and feces until death but not in the eggs. the life span of the lice was not modified. the rabbit model should provide valuable clues to the role of lice in the transmission of b. quintana.	2001	11179366
passive antibody to bartonella henselae protects against clinical disease following homologous challenge but does not prevent bacteremia in cats.	we challenged cats transfused with anti-bartonella serum and kittens born to antibody-positive queens with bartonella henselae to determine the contribution of antibodies to the control of b. henselae in cats. in both experiments, antibody-positive cats were protected from clinical disease but passive antibody to the homologous strain of b. henselae did not prevent bacteremia.	2001	11179367