Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| use of monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis and epidemiologic studies of legionellosis. | the routine use of monoclonal antibodies against l. pneumophila and other legionellaceae has not yet reached the clinical microbiology laboratory. most of these antibodies are still under evaluation and are not available commercially. however, it is obvious that some of them will be available in the next few years. because of the numerous subtypes and serogroups of l. pneumophila already identified, extreme caution must be used before they are adopted routinely by a given laboratory. testing aga ... | 1985 | 3899482 |
| serological studies on patients with suspected legionellosis in new zealand. | specimens from 490 patients with suspected legionellosis from many parts of new zealand were studied. most of these were sera, but 36 specimens including material from lungs, pleural fluid and sputa were also examined. the sera were tested for the presence of antibodies to legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 to 6 and legionella micdadei. serological evidence of legionellosis was found in 49 patients. antibodies to l. pneumophila serogroup 6 predominated, while those to l. micdadei and l. pneumop ... | 1985 | 3899943 |
| clinical utility of a monoclonal direct fluorescent reagent specific for legionella pneumophila: comparative study with other reagents. | twenty-four lower respiratory tract samples taken from patients with culture-confirmed legionella pneumophila infection were examined with three different direct immunofluorescent antisera to l. pneumophila, as were 29 samples from similar sources taken from patients without legionnaires disease. the reagents studied were genetic systems corp. (gs) monoclonal l. pneumophila conjugate, which reacts with all known serogroups of l. pneumophila, biodx polyvalent l. pneumophila serogroups 1 through 6 ... | 1985 | 3900129 |
| environmental legionella. | 1985 | 3904972 | |
| treatment of legionella lung abscess in a renal transplant recipient with erythromycin and fusidic acid. | 1985 | 3905401 | |
| [legionella pneumophila pneumonia masked by simultaneous demonstration of further non-specific pneumonia pathogens]. | we are presenting a case of legionella type i pneumonia, accidentally diagnosed by selective culture with simultaneous identification of pneumococci, meningococci and hemophilus influenzae in the general sputum culture. a 35-year-old patient had been hospitalized with the typical signs of legionnaires' disease (severe pneumonia with symptoms of cardiac, hepatic, renal, and cerebral involvement), following several days of prodromi. the routine sputum bacteriology according to dghm standards first ... | 1985 | 3905621 |
| legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 subgrouping by monoclonal antibodies--an epidemiological tool. | a panel of 10 monoclonal antibodies was used to subgroup 326 strains of legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. all but two strains could be classified into three major subgroups named after their representative strains pontiac 1, olda and bellingham 1. of the 50 isolates from patients, 44 representing 32 separate incidents were of the pontiac subgroup. this subgroup was also found in 16 of 18 buildings epidemiologically associated with legionnaires' disease. in contrast, strains of the olda subgrou ... | 1985 | 3905954 |
| nosocomial legionella pneumonia in a population of head and neck cancer patients. | a prospective study of nosocomial pneumonia following major head and neck surgery was conducted when it was recognized that legionella contaminated the hospital water supply. legionella pneumonia had not previously been diagnosed in our hospital. every head and neck patient with nosocomial pneumonia had specialized tests performed. during the 18-month study period, 29% of patients with nosocomial pneumonia (7 of 27) had evidence of legionellosis. the sero-group of the infecting legionella was th ... | 1985 | 3906325 |
| endotoxicity of newly recognized gram negative organism: a collective review. | a comprehensive picture of the in part personal investigations concerning an endotoxin-like activity associated with some recently recognized gram negative significant pathogens has been drawn. suspensions of heat-killed organisms (or endotoxic lipopolysaccharide when available) have been tested using as markers of endotoxicity the limulus assay and the skin shwartzman reaction in rabbit. some general considerations are finally set forth on the possible role of the surface structures in mediatin ... | 1985 | 3907664 |
| membrane proteins of legionellaceae. ii. serogroup- and species-specific antigens in the outer membrane of legionella pneumophila. | antigens of the outer membrane of legionella pneumophila were investigated by means of the immunoblotting-technique using rabbit antisera against three different formaldehyde-inactivated strains, and one heat-inactivated strain of l. pneumophila serogroup 1. nitrocellulose blots were prepared from membrane fractions extracted with sodium-n-lauryl-sarcosinate from 14 strains of l. pneumophila (eight strains of serogroup 1, and one strain each of serogroups 2-7) and 12 strains of gram-negative rod ... | 1985 | 3909698 |
| vaccines against mycobacteria and other intracellular multiplying bacteria. | as the prototype of a vaccine against mycobacterial infection, the bcg (bacille bilié calmette et guérin) has been used against tuberculosis for more than 60 years. it is the only live attenuated vaccine used on humans in more than 182 countries or territories in the world, and very few changes have been made in its fabrication and distribution, except for the production of lyophilized seed-lots. however, its history is marked with controversies concerning its innocuity and efficacy. while bcg s ... | 1985 | 3909929 |
| upper limit of normal titer for legionella pneumophila group 1 by indirect immunofluorescence and microagglutination tests in healthy population in italy. | the background prevalence of antibody to legionella pneumophila group 1 in two groups of healthy population of the areas of milano and roma, italy, was determined by testing single serum specimens from 530 blood donors by indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) test and by microagglutination (ma). the upper limit of normal (uln) titer was found to be 16 by ifa and 8 by ma. there was little difference in the prevalence of titers in the two geographic regions. of the 486 subjects from whom data were ava ... | 1985 | 3913451 |
| the persistence of legionella pneumophila in non-sterile, sterile and artificial hard waters and their growth pattern on tap washer fittings. | simultaneous experiments were performed with sterilized and non-sterile water and an artificial hard water. after seeding with an environmental isolate of legionella pneumophila numbers in the sterile and hard water decreased rapidly and colonization of various tap washer fittings failed to take place. adhesion and growth of an environmental isolate of l. pneumophila to washers in non-sterile tap water was followed over a 4-month period with fluorescein-labelled antibody and by scanning electron ... | 1985 | 3913660 |
| experience with 5 cases of legionnaires' disease at the department of transplantation surgery, huddinge hospital, stockholm, sweden. | 1985 | 3914064 | |
| [detection of urinary legionella antigen by radioimmunoassay. 1. method and basic studies]. | 1985 | 3923131 | |
| [detection of urinary legionella antigen by radioimmunoassay. 2. a clinical case]. | 1985 | 3923137 | |
| non-specific protection against pulmonary legionella pneumophila infection in guinea-pigs immunized and challenged with mycobacteria. | experiments were designed to test the ability of the non-specific efferent limb of cell mediated immunity (cmi) to protect guinea-pigs against a lethal l. pneumophila challenge. a secondary cmi response was generated in the lungs of guinea-pigs using an established protocol which consisted of intraperitoneal infection with mycobacterium bovis bcg followed by intravenous infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra. the animals were challenged with l. pneumophila (100 ld50) by the aerosol rout ... | 1985 | 3924087 |
| [studies on the pathogenicity of legionella pneumophila after aerosol exposure in animal models with special reference to production of an experimental pneumonia]. | 1985 | 3926908 | |
| [prevalence of antibodies to legionella pneumophila in healthy adults and hospitalized patients with respiratory diseases in okayama prefecture]. | 1985 | 3926910 | |
| [bacteriological and hygienic aspects of a drinking and bathing water study]. | 1985 | 3929376 | |
| a dialysis patient with headache and fever. | 1985 | 3932401 | |
| [isolation of legionella pneumophila from cooling tower in china]. | 1985 | 3937869 | |
| [oligodynamic action of 17 different metals on bacillus subtilis, enterobacteriaceae, legionellaceae, micrococcaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa]. | the oligodynamic action of the pure metals aluminium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, platinum, silver, tin, titanium, and zinc on bacillus subtilis (1 strain), enterobacteriaceae (26 strains), legionellaceae (13 strains), micrococcaceae (6 strains), and pseudomonas aeruginosa (4 strains) was investigated using an agar diffusion test. b. subtilis and legionellaceae exhibited the highest susceptibility. the apathogenic micrococci and staph ... | 1985 | 3939057 |
| distribution and persistence of legionella in water systems. | the legionellaceae are common aquatic organisms able to colonize man-made water systems. inadequately maintained or seldom used systems provide ideal amplification sites, where the organisms grow and can be disseminated in aerosols. legionellaceae can utilize, for growth, compounds leached from construction materials and the products of other organisms. | 1985 | 3939994 |
| legionnaires' disease in the immunocompromised host: usefulness of gram's stain. | 1985 | 2408721 | |
| response of legionella pneumophila to beta-lactam antibiotics. | legionella pneumophila philadelphia strain 1 grown in vitro contained five penicillin-binding proteins that were accessible to the antibiotic in membrane preparations and in live cells as well. the bacterium had reasonably low mics of several beta-lactam antibiotics and was susceptible to both the bactericidal and the lytic activity of these drugs. an unusual feature of the response of this bacterium to penicillin treatment was that cell lysis as determined by decrease in culture turbidity and r ... | 1985 | 2409915 |
| kinetics and characterization of interferon production by murine spleen cells stimulated with legionella pneumophila antigens. | formalin-killed legionella pneumophila bacterial cells, as well as a purified cell wall preparation (designated f-1 antigen) containing lipopolysaccharide (lps), stimulated production of interferons (ifns) in mouse spleen cell cultures. l. pneumophila whole-cell vaccine induced an ifn that was ph 2 labile and neutralized by anti-ifn-gamma indicating that ifn-gamma was the dominant form present. f-1 antigen induced a mixture of ifns, depending upon the age of the culture and cell types present. i ... | 1985 | 2411662 |
| in vitro positive controls for histochemical stains of bacteria and fungi. | positive in vitro controls for histochemical stains of bacteria and fungi in tissue were developed from fibrin substrates of cultured microorganisms. these substrates show excellent and reproducible stain control characteristics. they are easily prepared, highly specific preparations which display greater uniformity and consistency as stain controls than do most infected tissues. these preparations may also be suitable control substrates for immunohistochemical procedures that identify microorga ... | 1985 | 2412433 |
| cross-reactive urinary antigens among patients infected with legionella pneumophila serogroups 1 and 4 and the leiden 1 strain. | a solid-phase radioimmunoassay was developed to detect antigens of legionella pneumophila serogroup 4. the assay detected antigen in urine from four of seven patients with pneumonia caused by l. pneumophila serogroup 4, two of two patients with l. pneumophila leiden 1 strain (proposed new serogroup), and 26 of 55 patients with l. pneumophila serogroup 1 (proven by culture or direct fluorescent-antibody assay). the antigen of two patients with serogroup 4, one with leiden 1 strain, and 49 with se ... | 1985 | 2413140 |
| membrane proteins of legionellaceae. i. membrane proteins of different strains and serogroups of legionella pneumophila. | the protein composition of the outer membranes of eight serogroups of legionella pneumophila has been determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). outer membranes were prepared by detergent extraction using sodium lauryl sarcosinate or by isopycnic sucrose gradient centrifugation. with both techniques one major outer membrane protein of about 29,000 daltons was found to be characteristic for the species l. pneumophila. it was the predominating feature in al ... | 1985 | 2413652 |
| purification of legionella pneumophila major outer membrane protein and demonstration that it is a porin. | we have purified the major outer membrane protein (momp) of legionella pneumophila, determined that it is associated with peptidoglycan, and characterized it as a porin. to purify the momp, we used a simple, rapid, three-step procedure that gave us the protein in high yield. the first step of the purification procedure involved selectively extracting the momp from whole bacterial cells with calcium and zwitterionic detergent. the second and third steps achieved purification by ion-exchange and m ... | 1985 | 2579942 |
| clinical chemical responses to experimental airborne legionellosis in the guinea-pig. | legionella pneumophila infection of guinea-pigs by the aerosol route with either of two strains, one (serogroup i) giving an acute the other (serogroup 3) giving a protracted illness, induced a pyrexia and similar pneumonic lesions. with both strains there was a bacteraemia with early decreases in serum iron and zinc and increases in serum copper concentrations. marked changes in other serum components were evident only in those animals which had protracted illness (serogroup 3-infected animals) ... | 1985 | 2580546 |
| efficacy of imipenem in experimental legionnaires' disease. | 1985 | 2857963 | |
| engraving and risk of legionellosis. | 1985 | 2860312 | |
| nosocomial legionellosis in surgical patients with head-and-neck cancer: implications for epidemiological reservoir and mode of transmission. | a prospective pneumonia study was conducted simultaneously on head-and-neck surgery wards at two hospitals over 2 years; one hospital had a water supply contaminated with legionella pneumophila but no record of having had a case of legionella pneumonia, and the other had just decontaminated its water supply because of known endemic nosocomial legionellosis. special laboratory tests for legionella were done on all cases of nosocomial pneumonia irrespective of clinical impression. over the first 1 ... | 1985 | 2862467 |
| legionella in power station cooling waters. | 1985 | 2862486 | |
| [the saprophytic phase in the ecology of the causative agents of infectious diseases]. | 1985 | 2863907 | |
| legionella in hotels and hospitals. | 1985 | 2864503 | |
| legionellas in water. | 1985 | 2865286 | |
| defective triggering of polymorphonuclear leukocyte oxidative metabolism by legionella pneumophila toxin. | preincubation of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnls) with legionella pneumophila toxin impaired activation of the superoxide-generating complex induced by latex particles and by the ca++ ionophore a23187. the toxin had no effect, however, on activation of the complex induced by phorbol myristate acetate (pma), concanavalin a, valinomycin, or bromolasalocid. the toxin prevented pmnl plasma membrane depolarization induced by a23187 but failed to influence the membrane depolarization induced ... | 1985 | 2981277 |
| broad-host-range plasmid prk340 delivers tn5 into the legionella pneumophila chromosome. | transposon tn5 was introduced into legionella pneumophila on plasmid prk340, which is temperature sensitive for plasmid maintenance. the presence of plasmid dna was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and by conjugal transfer of the plasmid to escherichia coli. tn5 insertions were obtained by culturing l. pneumophila at the nonpermissive temperature (43 degrees c) on buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar containing kanamycin. of the 260 kanamycin-resistant colonies picked, 220 failed to conj ... | 1985 | 2987191 |
| legionella pneumonia in children: radiological findings in a 3-year-old child. | 1985 | 2992042 | |
| [cultivation characteristics of legionella pneumophila in a liquid medium]. | the comparative analysis of liquid media for the cultivation of legionella pneumophila, sterilized by filtration and autoclaving, has shown that, in contrast to media prepared on the basis of yeast extract, the capacity of media based on proteose peptone for supporting the growth of legionella is not influenced by the method of their sterilization. the possibility of cultivating this organism in liquid media without ferric pyrophosphate has been demonstrated. | 1985 | 2994327 |
| properties of an acid phosphatase from legionella micdadei which blocks superoxide anion production by human neutrophils. | the high-speed supernatant (100,000 g, 1 h) obtained after centrifuging a suspension of legionella micdadei that had been freeze-thawed and sonicated contained (i) considerable acid phosphatase activity when assayed using 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate (mup) as the substrate, and a factor that blocked superoxide anion production by human neutrophils stimulated with f-met-leu-phe. chromatography of the extract on a hydroxylapatite column resolved two acids phosphatases (designated acp1 and acp2). ... | 1985 | 2998281 |
| legionella pneumophila pneumonia associated with reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection. | two patients with legionella pneumophila infection (serogroup 1) associated with a reactivated cytomegalovirus infection are described. predisposing underlying factors were not evident. | 1985 | 3000947 |
| [producibilities and properties of beta-lactamase and superoxide dismutase produced from legionella species]. | 1985 | 3001384 | |
| [legionella infections in the paris area. predominance of serogroup 1 legionella pneumophila infections]. | 1985 | 3158958 | |
| in-vitro sensitivity of legionellas, meningococci and mycoplasmas to ciprofloxacin and enoxacin. | 1985 | 3161857 | |
| the effect of antibiotics on the growth of legionella pneumophila in guinea-pig alveolar phagocytes infected in vivo by an aerosol. | the likely efficacy of four antibiotics of possible use in the treatment of legionnaires' disease was assessed in terms of their capacity to inhibit the replication of legionella pneumophila within guinea-pig alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) compared with their minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) in vitro. all the antibiotics used had similar mic values with regard to l. pneumophila (0.032-0.062 mg/l), but differences of up to 100 fold in the concentration required ... | 1985 | 3161953 |
| studies on ciprofloxacin therapy of experimental legionnaires' disease. | the concentration of ciprofloxacin in the serum and tissues of normal guinea-pigs was monitored after intramuscular and oral administration. significant concentrations were attained in the kidneys, but higher doses were required before serum and lung concentrations became measurable. ciprofloxacin, given parenterally, prevented pyrexia and death of guinea-pigs infected by aerosols of legionella pneumophila. although it markedly reduced the number of bacteria in the lungs, it did not prevent the ... | 1985 | 3161954 |
| legionella infections in cyclosporine-immunosuppressed cardiac transplants. | pulmonary infections from bacterial or viral agents, as well as rare infectious agents, such as toxoplasma gondii, aspergillus, and pneumocystis carinii, have been a bane to the clinician in charge of the care of transplant patients. one such opportunistic organism, legionella pneumophila, was responsible for four episodes of infection in three of our patients who survived due to better management of immunosuppression, together with aggressive therapy and early diagnosis of the infectious compli ... | 1985 | 15227024 |
| legionella pneumophila serogroup 8: first isolate from a human reported in canada. | 1985 | 20314559 | |
| cooling towers, legionella pneumophila and chlorine--an alternative systems treatment. | 1986 | 10276210 | |
| clean cooling systems minimize legionella exposure. | further discussion on legionella in cooling towers focuses on proper testing procedures, culturing techniques, safety precautions, and biocide application. | 1986 | 10278521 |
| legionella in cooling towers. | legionellosis (legionnaires' disease and pontiac fever) outbreaks have been associated with aerosols ejected from contaminated cooling towers--wet-type heat rejection units (wthrus) used to dissipate unwanted heat into the atmosphere. the vermont department of health undertook a program to inventory, inspect, and sample all wthrus in vermont from april 1981 to april 1982. all wthrus were sampled for legionella pneumophila and data were obtained for location, design, construction, and operating c ... | 1986 | 10281778 |
| pneumonia associated with infection with pneumocystis, respiratory syncytial virus, chlamydia, mycoplasma, and cytomegalovirus in children in papua new guinea. | paired serum samples were collected from 94 children with pneumonia admitted to goroka hospital, papua new guinea. all but three of the children were aged 1-24 months. only nine children were malnourished, with weight for age less than 70% of the harvard median (three had weight for age less than 60% of the harvard median). pneumocystis carinii antigen was detected in the serum of 23 children. twenty two children had serological evidence of recent infection with respiratory syncytial virus. five ... | 1986 | 3002538 |
| [etiology of atypical pneumonias. a serological study on 1494 patients]. | in a retrospective study the serological results from 1494 patients with community-acquired pneumonia were evaluated. an infectious etiology was found in about 40% of the cases. the majority of pneumonias was caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae and by influenza virus type a, whereas legionella pneumophila was the fifth most frequent pathogen. in the second part of the study, 13 hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia were investigated by the whole panel of routinely used microbial me ... | 1986 | 3003894 |
| applied molecular genetics: new tools for microbiologists and clinicians. | 1986 | 3005422 | |
| legionella brain stem encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy without preceding pneumonia. | 1986 | 3005514 | |
| induction of autoimmune diseases with adjuvants: separation of delayed hypersensitivity and antibody formation from diseases in experimental thyroiditis and aspermatogenesis with legionella adjuvant. | the induction of autoimmune diseases in animals was studied with legionella and mycobacteria as adjuvants, emulsified in oil with antigen extracts of thyroid, testis, spinal cord, and peripheral nerve. both adjuvants were equally effective in inducing delayed hypersensitivity and humoral antibody to the tissue antigens. the legionella adjuvant, however, induced little or no thyroiditis and aspermatogenesis, whereas the mycobacterial adjuvant induced thyroiditis and aspermatogenesis. both adjuvan ... | 1986 | 3007368 |
| role of keto acids and reduced-oxygen-scavenging enzymes in the growth of legionella species. | keto acids and reduced-oxygen-scavenging enzymes were examined for their roles in supporting the growth of legionella species and for their potential reactions between the chemical components of the media. when grown in an experimental aces (2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-amino] ethanesulfonic acid)-buffered chemically defined (abcd) broth, the presence of keto acids shortened the lag periods, increased the rates of growth, and gave maximum cell yields. in addition, keto acids affected the specific act ... | 1986 | 3009529 |
| the effect of oxygen-dependent antimicrobial systems on strains of legionella pneumophila of different virulence. | four strains of legionella pneumophila of different virulence as identified by ability to produce pneumonia and death in guinea-pigs infected by a fine-particle aerosol were examined for factors which may intracellularly influence virulence. possible bactericidal mechanisms possessed by alveolar phagocytes were examined. a relationship could be established between resistance to h2o2, catalase activity and virulence amongst the strains. virulent strains resisted the bactericidal activity generate ... | 1986 | 3016084 |
| restriction endonuclease activities in the legionellae. | fifteen legionellae isolates were studied for the presence of restriction endonucleases. at least three different specificities were found in nine of these isolates. one particular activity was present in two groups of isolates isolated from widely separated geographic areas. | 1986 | 3017522 |
| serospecific antigens of legionella pneumophila. | serospecific antigens isolated by edta extraction from four serogroups of legionella pneumophila were analyzed for their chemical composition, molecular heterogeneity by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and immunological properties. the antigens were shown to be lipopolysaccharides and to differ from the lipopolysaccharides of other gram-negative bacteria. the serospecific antigens contained rhamnose, mannose, glucosamine, and two unidentified sugars together with 2-ket ... | 1986 | 3017918 |
| factors affecting growth of legionella pneumophila in liquid media. | the growth in liquid media of legionella pneumophila serogroups 1-6 was monitored turbidimetrically and factors affecting growth rate were studied. the presence of inhibitors, use of detoxifying agents and the method of broth preparation each had significant effects on cultivation. cysteine was essential for growth; the optimal concentration was 100 micrograms/ml, but supplemental iron had no demonstrable effect. | 1986 | 3018252 |
| plasmid profiles of legionella pneumophila strains isolated in spain. | an assay for plasmid dna content was carried out in 100 strains of legionella pneumophila of distinct serogroups and isolated from various sources (clinical, environment). the strains were isolated from different geographic regions in our country. the presence of plasmids was proved in one of the 11 clinical isolates and in 68 of the 89 isolated of environmental origin studied. in the strains belonging to serogroup 1 and isolated in our region (cantabria), three plasmid profiles were observed, w ... | 1986 | 3021521 |
| [legionnaires' disease caused by legionella pneumophila serogroup 6. contamination at home by a tracheostomy cannula]. | 1986 | 2935852 | |
| [isolation of legionella pneumophila from sputum and autopsy material]. | 1986 | 2937547 | |
| [isolation of legionellae in the water supply system of a hospital in the south moravia region]. | 1986 | 2941163 | |
| [presence of legionellae in water of air conditioning and water installation systems in north rhine area]. | 1986 | 2944044 | |
| in vitro and in vivo evaluation of a-56268 (te-031), a new macrolide. | the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of a-56268 (te-031), the 6-o-methyl derivative of erythromycin, was compared with those of erythromycin and other reference drugs. a-56268 had the same spectrum of antibacterial activity as erythromycin. a-56268 was generally 1 log2 dilution more potent or equal to erythromycin against all organisms except haemophilus influenzae and propionibacterium acnes, for which a-56268 was 1 log2 dilution and 3 log2 dilutions, respectively, less potent. the m ... | 1986 | 2949695 |
| interferon-gamma induction by lipopolysaccharide: dependence on interleukin 2 and macrophages. | bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) induced fresh murine splenocytes to produce interferon (ifn)-alpha/beta presumably by stimulation of the b lymphocytes and macrophages. however, when the splenocytes were "aged" for 24 to 72 hr in culture before addition of the lps, the ifn response was significantly increased and was determined to be predominantly ifn-gamma. because low levels of interleukin 2 (il 2) were found to be spontaneously produced by the unstimulated splenocytes during the "aging" pro ... | 1986 | 2867114 |
| legionnaires' disease in stafford: management of an epidemic. | 1986 | 2868215 | |
| treatment of experimental legionnaires' disease by aerosol administration of rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin. | 1986 | 2869238 | |
| effect of rubbers and their constituents on proliferation of legionella pneumophila in naturally contaminated hot water. | the proliferation of legionella pneumophila serogroups 1, 9, and 10 in naturally contaminated hot potable water was measured after the addition of various rubbers and their constituents. when compared with controls 9/14 rubbers and 15/30 constituents shortened lag time for growth of l pneumophila at 37 degrees c and, produced a 10-100 000 fold increase in the number of l pneumophila organisms. in most experiments this increase was due mainly to the growth of l pneumophila serogroup 10, which pre ... | 1986 | 2873437 |
| rapid microagglutination test for legionella. | 1986 | 2873466 | |
| outbreak of legionellosis in a community. report of an ad-hoc committee. | of 33 patients infected in an outbreak of legionellosis in glasgow in 1984, 26 lived in the dennistoun district and the remainder either worked in or visited there. there were three main clusters of cases, the onset of illness being in early and mid june in two clusters and early september in the third. most patients were not severely ill, but 1 patient died. the likely source of infection was a cooling tower from which legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was isolated. strains indistinguishable f ... | 1986 | 2874378 |
| latex agglutination test for legionella antibody. | 1986 | 2874454 | |
| rubbers, water, and legionella. | 1986 | 2875315 | |
| control of legionella in hospitals. | legionellas are present in water distribution systems and cooling towers of many hospitals. no firm data are available regarding the need for prophylactic disinfection of these contaminated systems. disinfection of water systems and cooling towers is an accepted and effective means of ending nosocomial legionnaires' disease, but it should be performed in conjunction with good epidemiological and microbiological studies to pinpoint environmental reservoirs and disseminators. chlorination, pasteur ... | 1986 | 2876026 |
| legionella micdadei pneumonia in normal hosts. | 1986 | 2877142 | |
| cholestasis and fatal agranulocytosis complicating sulfasalazine therapy: case report and review of the literature. | a 55-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis in overlap with polymyositis received sulfasalazine for control of synovitis. cholestatic jaundice, fever, urticaria and agranulocytosis developed after 20 days of treatment and culminated in fatal adult respiratory distress syndrome secondary to legionella pneumophila. the increasing use of sulfasalazine in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis mandates that the clinician be aware of this idiosyncratic drug reaction. | 1986 | 2880997 |
| antibacterial activity of ofloxacin and its mode of action. | the antibacterial activity of ofloxacin against enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and neisseria gonorrhoeae was comparable to norfloxacin and enoxacin, and far exceeded the activity of pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid. the activity of ofloxacin was two to eight times less than that of ciprofloxacin. ofloxacin was more active against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, acinetobacter spp., legionel ... | 1986 | 3028966 |
| a note on symbiosis of legionella pneumophila and tatlockia micdadei with human respiratory flora. | sixteen micro-organisms, representing clinically important respiratory microflora, were tested for their ability to stimulate the growth of legionella pneumophila and tatlockia micdadei in nutritionally-deficient agar media. nutritional symbiosis, indicated by the appearance of satellite colonies of l. pneumophila or t. micdadei, was observed for h. influenzae and n. meningitidis. this interaction between normal flora and pathogens of the respiratory tract may have clinical relevance in the path ... | 1986 | 3087929 |
| [characterization of beta-lactamases in legionella pneumophila]. | 1986 | 3088173 | |
| [case of fulminant pneumonia caused by legionella bozemanii]. | 1986 | 3088180 | |
| [biological diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory infections]. | mycoplasma pneumoniae is a frequent causal agent of respiratory infections. a recent french survey was carried out on adults in hospital for an acute pneumonia which was acquired outside hospital. this study showed mycoplasma pneumoniae in third position, behind the pneumococcus and legionella pneumophila, accounting for 17% of those cases with an established aetiology. nevertheless its exact importance is difficult to establish on account of the high frequency of very benign forms in which a cl ... | 1986 | 3088689 |
| pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis. | 1986 | 3090153 | |
| interferon-gamma-activated human monocytes inhibit the intracellular multiplication of legionella pneumophila. | we have examined the interaction between interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma)-activated human monocytes and legionella pneumophila, the agent of legionnaires' disease. human monocytes activated with human recombinant ifn-gamma inhibit the intracellular multiplication of l. pneumophila. the degree of inhibition is proportional to the concentration of ifn-gamma, and maximal inhibition consistently occurs with greater than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml. monoclonal anti-ifn-gamma antibody completely neutraliz ... | 1986 | 3093580 |
| [enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of antibodies to legionella pneumophila]. | 1986 | 3093600 | |
| community-acquired pneumonia caused by mixed aerobic bacteria. | mixed bacterial pneumonia caused by organisms other than anaerobes has been infrequently reported. we describe six cases and review the literature. two patients had co-infection with s pneumoniae and l pneumophila. two were infected with s pneumoniae and k pneumoniae and the others simultaneously harbored m tuberculosis and n asteroides. the first two sets of patients had bacteria isolated from usually sterile sites (blood and lung), while the latter harbored repeatedly isolated organisms not us ... | 1986 | 3096644 |
| serological cross-reactions between rickettsia typhi, proteus vulgaris ox19, and legionella bozemanii in a series of febrile patients. | the sera of 19 patients with a febrile disease of undetermined etiology were positive in the indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) to legionella bozemanii serogroup 1 (lb) and rickettsia typhi (rt). to both antigens, high titers of igg-class and igm-class antibodies were demonstrated. several of the patients also had positive ifa and weil-felix reactions to proteus vulgaris ox19 (px 19). a sharp reduction of the serotiters to all three antigens was achieved by absorption of the sera with any o ... | 1986 | 3098699 |
| infection of legionella pneumophila. report of 5 cases. | 1986 | 3100173 | |
| a strain of legionella pneumophila isolated from a pneumonic patient. | 1986 | 3100206 | |
| effects of legionella pneumophila sonicate on human neutrophil granulocyte and monocyte chemotaxis. | the interaction of l. pneumophila serogroup 1 sonic extract with human polymorphonuclear neutrophils and monocytes was studied in an in vitro chemotaxis assay. the sonicate showed heat-stable chemotactic activity towards neutrophils and monocytes. it also exhibited cytotoxicity for neutrophils but not for monocytes. incubation and pretreatment with the sonicate at apparently non-toxic concentration resulted in inhibition of the chemotactic response of neutrophils to various chemoattractants whil ... | 1986 | 3100304 |
| bacterial colonization and occurrence of legionella pneumophila in warm and cold water, in faucet aerators, and in drains of hospitals. | warm and cold water as well as water from wash basin drains and faucet aerators was examined to determine the number of viable and dead bacteria by culture and by staining and to establish the spectrum of species with special consideration of legionella pneumophila. the relation between the number of legionella pneumophila, the temperature, and the iron content of the water was determined in three separate warm water systems. high colony counts (up to 8.9 x 10(5) colony-forming units), were dete ... | 1986 | 3107260 |
| [demonstration of legionella pneumophila in dental units]. | 42 dental units in 35 dentist practices were bacteriologically examined. legionella of the species legionella pneumophila--sg1 could be isolated from 4 dental units. infection can occur during inhalation of finest aerosols, which are formed during the use of dental turbines and sprays. | 1986 | 3107261 |
| [hygiene problems in dental practice with special attention to dental units]. | within a scope of an investigation concerning hygiene-problems in dental practice a longitudinal study was carried out in 20 dental offices with 53 units. in order to guarantee equal experimental conditions and to eliminate variations caused by changing water flow during the day, we took the samples before office hours alternating mondays, tuesdays and wednesdays. those samples gathered from all handpieces (n = 530) and the drinking water faucets (n = 200) were examined according to the "trinkwa ... | 1986 | 3107265 |
| pulmonary infections due to legionella in immunocompromised patients. | at present, 11 different species of legionella have been implicated in human disease. it has become apparent that disease caused by legionella is acquired from a variety of environmental sources and that water is the factor that links many of them. patients who are immunosuppressed, such as individuals receiving cancer chemotherapy or therapy designed to prevent organ rejection, are particularly susceptible to such environmental sources. it appears that intact cell-mediated immunity is more impo ... | 1986 | 3317608 |
| survival of legionella pneumophila. | 1986 | 3309528 |