Publications

proceedings: studies on large dna plasmids of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	54090
loss of agglutinating specificity in stock cultures of rhizobium meliloti.	several strains of rhizobium meliloti which have been subcultured for 23-33 years have changed from being markedly specific in their somatic agglutination reactions to become widely cross-reactive. on the other hand a fresh collection of the same species obtained from naturally nodulated, field-grown plants revealed the high degree of agglutinating specificity which had previously characterised the old cultures. attempts to reselect a specific substrain from old cross-agglutinating cultures by s ...	1975	50826
influence of treflan, lindane, and ceresan on different parameters of symbiotic nitrogen fixation and yield in cicer arietinum.		1975	56828
[proceedings: plasmids in rhizobium japonicum].		1975	50812
properties of some bacteriocins produced by rhizobium trifolii.	bacteriocins produced by six strains of rhizobium trifolii were found to be of the relatively low molecular weight, non-phage type. the molecular weights ranged from approximately 1-8 x 105 to 2-0 x 105. all were of protein composition, as indicated by buoyant density (1-32 to 1-34 g/cm3) in csc1 and by sensitivity to proteolytic enzymes. they were resistant to rnaase but sensitive to dnaase. the six bacteriocins could further be separated into two subgroups on the basis of sensitivity to extrem ...	1975	1463
seed pelleting with systemic insecticide (aldicarb) for the control of pests of mungo (phaseolus aureus l.).		1975	869
fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase activity of rhizobium species.	fdp aldolase was found to be present in the cell-free extracts of rhizobium leguminosarum, rhizobium phaseoli, rhizobium trifolii, rhizobium meliloti, rhizobium lupini, rhizobium japonicum and rhizobium species from arachis hypogaea and sesbania cannabina. the enzyme in 3 representative species has optimal activity at ph 8.4 in 0.2m veronal buffer. the enzyme activity was completely lost by treatment at 60 degrees c for 15 min. the km values were in the range from 2.38 to 4.55 x 10(-6)m fdp. met ...	1975	283
carbohydrate catabolism of selected strains in the genus agrobacterium.	radiorespirometric and enzyme analyses were used to reveal the glucose-catabolizing mechanisms functioning in single strains of seven presumed agrobacterium species. the entner-doudoroff and pentose cycle pathways functioned in a. radiobacter, a. tumefaciens, a. rubi, and a. rhizogenes. whereas both catabolic pathways were utilized to an almost equal degree in the a. radiobacter and a. tumefaciens strains, use of the entner-doudoroff pathway predominated in the a. rubi and a. rhizogenes strains. ...	1975	128316
nitrogen fixing activity in rhizobium japonicum separated from plant cell cultures.	induced by soy bean tissue cultures in socalled "tissue chambers", rhizobium japonicum str. 61-a-96 developed nitrogenase activity separated from the plant cells. the activity proceded for 48 h with a rate of 1 x 10(-8) nmol c2h4h-1 cell-1, which is about 6% of the activity measured for bacteroids from rhizobium japonicum in nodules of glycine max.	1975	130001
[tumorous nature of hyperplasia obtained experimentally].	the determination of the tumorous nature of an overgrowth provides one of the most essential information for all research concerning animal and plant cancerisation. the experimental procedure which will be described here answers to this imperative: it allows to prove the tumorous characteristics of proliferations obtained by inoculation of agrobacterium tumefaciens rna fractions to datura stems.	1975	130191
the nitrogen-fixing complex of bacteria.		1975	164247
transfer of the tumor inducing factor in agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	164858
hexopyranoside: cytochrome c oxidoreductase from agrobacterium.		1975	165382
effect of adenine nucleotides on nad-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases in rhizobia and bacteroids of legume root nodules.	atp, adp, amp and cyclic amp inhibit nad-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (l-s-isocitrate : nad-+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.1.41) from rhizobia but have no effect on the enzyme from corresponding bacteroids. this was observed using three rhizobial strains two of which are effective, and one ineffective, with lotus pedunculatus. using partially purified enzyme from each of the three rhizobial strains it was found that the adenine nucleotides inhibit the enzyme by competing with nad-+, not with iso ...	1975	166683
cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase activity in crown-gall tumor formation.		1975	169845
a ferrodoxin from agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	179857
a comparison of dna from free living and endosymbiotic rhizobium leguminosarum (strain pre).	1. bacteroids of rhizobium leguminosarum (strain pre) purified from root nodules of pisum sativum (var. 'rondo') by the standard procedure of differential centrifugation contained considerable contamination of mitochondrial material. this could be removed by incubation of the bacteroid preparation with 1 m kcl/1% deoxycholate. 2. the dna content of bacteroid cells of r. leguminosarum was found to have increased about three fold in comparison with the dna content of free living r. leguminosarum b ...	1975	172157
ammonia assimilation by rhizobium cultures and bacteroids.	the enzymes involved in the assimilation of ammonia by free-living cultures of rhizobium spp. are glutamine synthetase (ec. 6.o.i.2), glutamate synthase (l-glutamine:2-oxoglutarate amino transferase) and glutamate dehydrogenase (ed i.4.i.4). under conditions of ammonia or nitrate limitation in a chemostat the assimilation of ammonia by cultures of r. leguminosarum, r. trifolii and r. japonicum proceeded via glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase. under glucose limitation and with an excess ...	1975	234505
induction of glutamate synthase during nodule development in lupin.		1975	237796
enzymes of ammonia assimilation in rhizobium leguminosarum bacteroids.	the activities of the following enzymes were studied in connection with dinitrogen fixation in pea bacteroids: glutamine synthetase(l-glutamate: ammonia ligase (adp-forming)(ec 6.3.1.2)(gs); glutamate dehydrogenase (nadp+)(l-glutamate: nadp+ oxidoreductase (deaminating)(ec 1.4.1.4)(gdh); glutamate synthase (l-glutamine: 2-exeglutarate aminotransferase (nadph-oxidizing))(ec 2.6.1.53)(gogat). gs activity was high throughout the growth of the plant and gogat activity was always low. it is unlikely ...	1975	238731
adsorption and selection of rhizobia with ion-exchange papers.	ion exchange papers were used to study the adsorption of 32p-labelled rhizobia on defined surfaces. two strains of rhizobium japonicum and one each of r. leguminosarum and r. lupini were compared with escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis. the ratio of adsorption to strong and to weak acid papers/strong and weak basic papers was consistantly higher for all rhizobial strains compared to the other bacteria. the process of desorption by increasing the ion-concentration causes about 35% desorption ...	1975	242293
[nucleic acids during tumorous transformation in plants].	crown-gall, one of the "plant cancer" is induced in the presence of a soil bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens which elaborates a tumor inducing principle (t.i.p.), the nature of which is unknown. several informations suggest that some dna sequences of bacterial origin are included in tumorous cells of tissue cultures. a ribonuclease inhibits induction. an rna extracted from agrobacterium induces some hyperplasia transplantable by graft.	1975	130189
[symbiotic efficiency in spontaneous mutants of rhizobium legumino-sarum resistant to streptomyocin, spectinomycin, or kanamycin].	symbiotic effectiveness of 45 mutant strains selected from four wild effective strains of rhizobium leguminosarum for resistance to streptomycin, spectinomycin or kanamycin was determined on vicia faba. loss of effectiveness occurred in twenty of these mutants; distribution of ineffective mutants was uniform among the three types of antibiotic resistant mutants but varied with the parent strain from which mutants have been derived.	1975	125155
purification and properties of cytochrome c-556 from agrobacterium tumefaciens b2a.	cytochrome c-556 from agrobacterium mefaciens b2a was isolated in a pure, homoneous state. the best purification procedure volved ammonium sulphate fractionation, delting on sephadex g-25, column chromatographic fractionation on deae- and cm-cellulose, and gel filtration on sephadex g-75 superfine. substitution of the cm-cellulose step by isoelectric focusing was successful. the purity of the final preparation is warranted by the purity index value, the electrophoretic patterns in the absence an ...	1975	170180
lipopolysaccharide as receptor for rhizobium phage 1p.		1975	172600
conversion of spheroplast symbiotes in a leafhopper, helochara communis fitch (cicadellidae: homoptera).	in mycetomes of leafhoppers, helochara communis, ultrastructural and histochemical studies revealed that spheroplast symbiotes (t-symbiotes) were converted to 'a-symbiotes' (so-called), with apparent loss of dna--a phenomenon reminiscent of rhizobium-bacteroid conversion in certain legume nodules. additional t-symbiotes were incorporated into the substance of these 'a-symbiotes'.	1975	163130
[beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase of the bacteroid rhizobium lipid].		1975	235408
[regulation of nitrogenase biosynthesis in microorganisms].		1975	803994
[an current question in the molecular genetics of bacteria].	the author considers the possibilities and limits of extrapolation of the data by the genetics of one species of bacteria to the other. it is emphasized that even in the related bacterial species a similar localization on chromosomes was inherent only to some of the unitypical genes, by in this case as well not all the genes were grouped in the same way, and differed by their delicate structure. an idea on the significant role of genetic metabolism in the microbial evolution is being developed; ...	1975	813460
studies on phage 1p receptors in rhizobium trifolii and rhizobium leguminosarum.	the rate of phage 1p attachment to rhizobium cell walls was increased in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta). on the other hand the rate of adsorption of phage 1p to the triton -- insoluble cell walls was diminished. the subsequent treatment of cell walls with 2% triton x-100 and 5mm edta caused a more substantial decline of the phage inactivating capacity. lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from the sensitive strains, contrary to those from phage-resistant mutants, inactivate ...	1975	813494
antigenic differences between infective and noninfective strains of rhizobium trifolii.	immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis techniques have revealed the presence of soluble antigens in sonicated preparations of four infective strains of rhizobium trifolii which were absent in similar preparations of related noninfective mutants derived from the infective strains. the soluble antigens unique to the infective strains were cross-reactive with one another.	1975	809004
on the question of the integration of exogenous bacterial dna into plant dna.	extensive studies with pea, tomato, and barley failed to confirm the evidence presented by previous investigators for integration or replication of exogenously applied bacterial dna in these plants. labeled dna of buoyant density in cscl intermediate between that of high density donor bacterial dna and of plant dna was never observed with axenic plants. intermediate peaks, similar to those used as evidence for recombination by earlier investigators, were observed only when the plants were contam ...	1975	809769
immunological evidence for the capability of free-living rhizobium japonicum to synthesize a portion of a nitrogenase component.	immunodiffusion tests conducted under aerobic conditions demonstrated that cross-reactive material to antiserum prepared against the mo-fe protein component of nitrogenase from soybean nodule bacteroids was detectable in extracts of free-living rhizobium japonicum cells cultured in a standard medium under: aerobic conditions; aerobic conditions with nitrate; aerobic conditions with ammonia; anaerobic conditions with nitrate; and anaerobic conditions with nitrate and ammonia. the most intense pre ...	1975	803382
protozoa and the decline of rhizobium populations added to soil.	a fall in rhizobium abundance occurred in nonsterile soil inoculated with large numbers of the root-nodule bacteria, but many of the rhizobia still survived. no such decline was evident in sterile soil. protozoa feeding on these bacteria were isolated from soil and other environments. as the abundance of rhizobium meliloti and a cowpea rhizobium strain in soil decreased, the protozoan density increased. the inability of the predators to eliminate their prey from soil was not the result of the pr ...	1975	807307
[cytokinins in microorganisms].		1975	808806
improvements of the membrane filter method for dna:rrna hybridization.	we describe and recommend the following improvements of dna:rrna membrane filter hybridization methods. one of our aims was to avoid dna release from filter discs during hybridization. 1. our hybridization conditions are 2 ssc in aq. dest., with 20% formamide, 50 c, overnight for 16 hr. 2. duplexing is over in 8-10 hr. 3. formamide has to be very pure (o.d. less than or equal to 0.2/cm light path at 270 nm). 4. rnaase treatment: 250 mug/5 ml 2 ssc/filter at 37 c for 1 hr. 5. our conditions for s ...	1975	1082296
crown gall tumors: are bacterial nucleic acids involved?		1975	1100042
attempts to induce tumours with nucleic acid preparations from agrobacterium tumefaciens.	nucleic acid preparations from agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith & townsend) conn. have been tested for tumorigenic activity on a number of bioassay systems including carrot root explants, sunflower and tobacco stem segments, callus cultures of sunflower, tobacco and carrot, and sunflower stems. the methods used to isolate and test the dna included those which have been reported to be successful for the induction of tumours. strict precautions were taken to ensure that the dna samples used in the ...	1975	1113080
polarographic determination of 3-keto sugars-1.		1975	1128262
[antagonism of pozol and agrobacterium azotophilum on various species of bacteria and fungi, some of them pathogenic to man].		1975	1059217
acquisition of tumour-inducing ability by non-oncogenic agrobacteria as a result of plasmid transfer.		1975	1134573
physical evidence of a plasmid in rhizobium japonicum.		1975	1140246
[nitrogen fixation in monospecific and mixed cultures of aerobacter aerogenes and agrobacterium azotophilum using different sources of carbon].		1975	1059219
production of cellulose microfibrils by rhizobium.	electron microscope examination of rhizobium spp. revealed microfibrils produced by flocculating strains but not by nonflocculating strains. the microfibrils from r. trifolii (na30) were isolated and identified as cellulose by enzymatic, x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectral analyses. both infective and noninfective strains of r. trifolii flocculated and produced microfibrils. more infection threads were observed in clover root hairs growing in the presence of flocs in comparison with root ha ...	1975	1096821
regulation and genetics of bacterial nitrogen fixation.		1975	1101806
methods for growing nitrogen-fixing bacteria separated from plant cells.		1975	1104122
a genetic model for pathogenicity in agrobacterium and for tumour induction in plants.		1975	1142794
[rapid method of determining the capacity for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in growing plants under sterile and under natural conditions].		1975	1107764
studies on agrobacterium tumefaciens. iv. nonreplication of the bacterial dna in mung beam (phaseolus aureus).		1975	1147920
[regulation of nitrogenase from lupin bacteroids].		1975	1149612
host-phage interaction on agrobacterium tumefaciens. iv. phage-directed protein synthesis.	gel electrophoretic and autoradiographic techniques were used to detect the temporal sequence of protein synthesis after infection of the sensitive strain agrobacterium tumefaciens with phage lv-1. three classes of protein were detected: early proteins, class i, which include a protein capable of shutting off host protein synthesis; class ii, proteins which are detected after 30 min; and late proteins, class iii, which include the phage-directed endolysin and five additional proteins that appear ...	1975	1113375
the occurrence of twitching motility among gram-negative bacteria.	almost 1000 strains representing well above 50 different species or groups of gram-negative bacteria were examined for twitching motility. this kind of motility was mainly found in strictly aerobic cocci and rods (viz. acinetobacter calcoaceticus, moraxella spp., neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, pseudomonas spp., phenon 3 of thornley that is closely related to acinetobacter, and marine, yellow-pigmented rods), but also in the facultative eikenella corrodens and in anaerobic strains presum ...	1975	1155115
electron microscopic characterization of rhizobium bacteriophage 16-6-12 and its isolated deoxyribonucleic acid.	bacteriophage 16-6-12 of rhizobium lupini has a long, non-contractile tail and a head which is hexagonal in outline. the tail is 140 nm in length, 11 nm in diameter, and carries a short term fiber. analysis of the tail structure by optical diffraction indicates that it is of the helical "stacked disc" type. after phenol-extraction from purified particles, the dna of phage 16-6-12 can circularize in vitro. no significant difference in contour length was observed between the linear (14.34 plus or ...	1975	1156101
growth dynamics of agrobacterium tumefaciens in chemostat cultures limited by carbon source and mineral nutrients.	agrobacterium tumefaciens was grown in a chemostat in a chemically-defined medium which hs alpha-methyl d-glucoside, magnesium, manganese, phosphate or urea as the growth-limiting nutrient. steady-state biomass concentrations were dependent on the specific growth rate of the organism when alpha-methyl d-glucoside, manganese or phosphate were growth-limiting nutrients. during magnesium-limited growth, large undamped oscillations in biomass concentration occurred. in all chemostat cultures a varia ...	1975	1156102
acetylene reduction by pure cultures of rhizobia.	acetylene reduction has been demonstrated in pure cultures of rhizobia. the requirements and conditions necessary for the activity in rhizobium sp. 32h1 are described. the most important factors are a low cell density and a very low oxygen concentration.	1975	1158849
variation in colony characteristics and symbiotic effectiveness of rhizobium.		1975	1116979
action of water in depressing acetylene reduction by detached nodules.	adverse effects of water on acetylene reduction by detached soybean root nodules could not be attributed to ethanol formation, but apparently were associated with nodule tissue damage caused by detachment. intact nodules were not affected by moisture.	1975	1167777
regulation of predation by prey density: the protozoan-rhizobium relationship.	tetramitus rostratus and strains of hartmanella, naegleria, and vahlkampfia consumed large numbers of rhizobium meliloti cells in a salt solution, but protozoan multiplication and the bacterial decline stopped when the prey density fell to about 10-6 to 10-7 cells/ml. at higher prey densities, the maximum numbers of hartmanella sp. and naegleria sp. were proportional to the quantity of r. meliloti initially provided to the amoebas. when supplemental rhizobia were supplied to hartmanella sp. or n ...	1975	1168441
influence of combined nitrogen on the symbiosis between single colony isolates of rhizobium cb756 and macrotyloma axillare.		1975	1116982
acetylene reduction by transfilter suspension cultures of rhizobium japonicum.		1975	1169944
nitrogen fixation by free-living rhizobium in a defined liquid medium.		1975	1170865
[microbiologic dehydrogenation of microcrystalline delta4-3-ketosteroids].		1975	1117085
characterization of different plaque-forming and defective temperate phages in agrobacterium.	four agrobacterium tumefaciens temperate phages (pb2a, pb6(omega), pv-1(lv-1) and ps8), were shown to have the same genome size. moreover hybridization experiments by the heteroduplex method and electron microscopy showed a 100% homology between these four phage genomes. indications for lysogeny were found by direct means for the agrobacterum timefaciens strain 396, agrobacterium radiobacter strain 8149 and agrobacterium species 0362 and by the electron microscope negative staining technique fo ...	1975	1123610
inhibition of protein synthesis by d-threo-chloramphenicol in the laboratory and nodule forms of rhizobium lupini.	protein synthesis by both laboratory-grown bacteria and isolated nodule bacteroids of rhizobium lupini (strain wu8) is inhibited by d-threo-chloramphenicol, the bacteroid form being the more sensitive to the antibiotic. a comparison between the two forms of the uptake of [14c]chloramphenicol showed that the bacteria always attained a lower intracellular chloramphenicol concentration. it is proposed that the sensitivity difference is due to a difference in membrane permeability between the two fo ...	1975	1176963
the genus agrobacterium and plant tumorigenesis.		1975	1180518
an enrichment technique for auxotrophs of agrobacterium tumefaciens using a combination of carbenicillin and lysozyme.	a procedure to enrich for auxotrophic and fermentation mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens is described. the method is based on the amplification of the killing power of carbenicillin by the addition of lysozyme. isolation frequencies of some types of mutants are presented, with and without the application of the proposed procedure. the yield of mutants is usually enhanced a hundredfold per enrichment treatment.	1975	1104767
[immobilization of rhizobium lupini bacteroids in polyacrylamide gel].		1975	1093828
on the question of integration of agrobacterium tumefaciens deoxyribonucleic acid by tomato plants.	treatment of tomato plants with agrobacterium tumefaciens causes subsequently administered [3h]thymidine to be preferentially incorporated into a satellite deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) whose buoyant density is between that of bacterial dna (rho = 1.718 g/cm3) and plant main band dna (rho = 1.692 g/cm3). satellite dna upon shearing or sonic treatment releases fragments of higher and lower buoyant density, as reported by earlier investigators. the satellite has no significant base sequence homology ...	1975	1194235
attempts to detect agrobacterium tumefaciens and bacteriophage ps8 dna in crown gall tumors by dna-dna-filter hybridization.	a systematic study of the dna-dna-filter reaction is presented which measures its ability to detect small amounts of simple dna (bacterial or bacteriophage) in model mixtures of dna immobilized on filters. saturation curves show qualitatively that significant binding occurs when there is 10% agrobacterium tumefaciens dna on the filter but not 1%. ps8 bacteriophage dna is detectable at a level of 0.1%. true saturation is not attained in the bacterial dna reaction : radioactivity bound represents ...	1975	1125316
ultrastructure of rhizobium-induced infection threads in clover root hairs.	ultrastructural studies of rhizobium-induced infection threads in clover root hairs show that the infection thread is initiated by an invagination process. root hair wall growth is redirected at a localized point, resulting in the formation of an open pore. there is no direct penetration through the wall, and the bacteria remain extracellular within the root hair.	1975	1211931
some unusual fatty acids of rhizobium.	a number of unusual fatty acids were identified after isolation from rhizobium. they include 11-methyl-octadec-11-enoic, 12-methoxy-11-methyl- and 11-methoxy-12-methyloctadecanoic, and 11-methoxy- and 13-methoxynonadecanoic acids.	1975	1128167
[synthesis of thiamine and riboflavin by nodule bacteria of clover and lupine].		1975	1214651
[activity of dehydrogenases in lupine nodule bacteria].		1975	1214668
[synthesis of pyridoxine and cobalamin by nodule bacteria clover and lupine].		1975	1214669
[group b vitamins in nodules of lupine inoculated with active and less active strains of nodule bacteria].		1975	1219321
protein turnover measured by 18-o exchange with h2-18o in non-growing cells of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	1133576
[growth of nodule bacteria in soil].	as was found with the aid of capillary microscopy, the nodule bacteria of pea and lupine in soil are encountered as rods, bacteroids, and cocci. the rod-like cells form bacteroids not only in the nodules but also outside, in soil. the bacteroids are viable and later reproduce the coccoid cells (arthrospores). the rods and bacteroids prevail in soil during flowering of the legumes, and the cocci are predominant at the end of vegetation.	1975	1226146
studies on certain factors influencing legume-rhizobia interrelationship. iii. antagonistic soil streptomycetes in the rhizosphere region.		1975	1233355
plasmid required for virulence of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the irreversible loss of crown gall-inducing ability of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c-58 during growth at 37 c is shown to be due to loss of a large plasmid (1.2 x 10-8 daltons). the gene responsible for this high rate of plasmid loss at elevated temperatures seems to be located on the plasmid. in addition, another spontaneous avirulent variant, a. tumefaciens strain iibnv6 is shown to lack the virulence plasmid which its virulent sibling strain, iibv7, possesses. deoxyribonucleic acid reas ...	1975	1141196
metabolism of p-hydroxybenzoic acid by certain strains of rhizobia.		1975	1242251
effect of seed fumigation on the symbiosis of rhizobium sp. with arachis hypogaea linn.		1975	1242253
identification and grouping of bacteria by numerical analysis of their electrophoretic protein patterns.	improved methods for the identification and grouping of bacteria by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of soluble proteins are described. electrophoretic protein patterns were obtained in rigorously standardized comditions. the results were much more reproducible than any described previously. some of the factors affecting reproducibility were; growth conditions, time and speed of centrifugation of extracts, and conditions of gel electrophoresis. protein patterns were compared by computing corre ...	1975	1141858
identification of the rhizobium strains in pea root nodules using genetic markers.	pea plants were inoculated jointly with pairs of genetically marked strains of rhizobium leguminosarum. out of 297 modules examined 56 contained both inoculant strains. the ratios of the strains in the inoculum did not affect the frequencies of mixed nodules. generally one of the strains consistently occupied the majority of the nodules and ithe mixed nodules comprised the majority of bacteria. transfer of the p-group r factor, rp4, between certain strains of rhizobium within mixed nodules was d ...	1975	1141859
plant genotype times rhizobium strain interactions in white clover.		1975	1147320
effect on microorganisms of volatile compounds released from germinating seeds.	volatile compounds evolved from germinating seeds of slash pine, bean, cabbage, corn, cucumber, and pea were evaluated for their ability to support growth of microorganisms in liquid mineral salts media lacking a carbon source. growth of eight bacteria was measured turbidimetrically and of six fungi as dry weight of mycelium. volatiles caused increased growth of pseudomonas fluorescens, bacillus cereus, erwinia carotovora, agrobacterium tumefaciens, a. radiobacter, rhizobium japonicum, mucor muc ...	1975	1201509
exopolysaccharide depolymerases induced by rhizobium bacteriophages.	enzymes induced by two rhizobium trifolii bacteriophages caused depolymerization of exopolysaccharides from most r. trifolii and r. leguminosarum strains tested, but did not, in general, attack the exopolysaccharides of r. meliloti, the slow-growing rhizobia, or agrobacterium. ca2+ and (or) mg2+ were required for enzyme activity. in all strains tested, depolymerization of exopolysaccharide occurred when there was successful phage infection, but depolymerization also occurred with exopolysacchari ...	1975	1201510
the orientation of certain root-nodule bacteria at interfaces, including legume root-hair surfaces.		1975	1202159
[synthesis and breakdown of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid in rhizobium lupini].	the effect of various substrates on synthesis and decomposition of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (phba) was studied in cell suspensions of the effective strain of rhizobium lupini and in suspensions of the bacteroids of this strain which were isolated from lupine nodules at different growth stages of the plants. glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate were found to be the best substrates for synthesis of phba in all variants. the content of phba in the presence of these substrates increased in suspensi ...	1975	1207500
[effect of ultraviolet rays on the activity of clover nodule bacteria].	the effect of uv on the survival, morphological variability, and effectiveness was studied with nodule bacteria of clover, strain 374a. the survival of the strain directly depended on the dose of uv rays, being 43.3% at 130 erg/mm2 and 0.000022% at 22,900 erg/mm2. uv irradiation yielded two morphological types of colonies; they differed by the production of slime which was less at higher doses of uv (15,970 to 22,900 erg/mm2). variants with either positive or negative effectiveness were obtained ...	1975	1207509
[possibility of the effect of symbiosis on the dna of nodule bacteria].		1975	1207523
leghaemoglobin and the supply of o2 to nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteroids: presence of two oxidase systems and atp production at low free o2 concentration.	studies of rates of consumption of dissolved o2 by suspensions of bacteroids (rhizobium japonicum, strain cb1809) from soybean root nodules showed the presence of two different terminal oxidase systems. a high-affinity system, sensitive to inhibition by n-phenylimidazole and by carbon monoxide, was most active when the dissolved o2 was between 0-01 and 0-1 mum. at 1 mum-o2 or higher, this oxidase system had little activity and o2 was consumed largely by a low-affinity system insensitive to these ...	1975	1239489
efficiency of rhizobium leguminosarum as affected by certain herbicides and nematocides.		1975	1243844
on the relationship among weight of nodules, their leghaemoglobin and bacteroid content, dry weight, and nitrogen content of soybean.		1975	1243845
[effect of inoculation on nitrogen fixation by chick pea, on its crop and protein content].	active strains of rh. cicer were found to increase the crop of chick pea by 25--36%, the content of protein by 2--6%, and the content of total nitrogen in the roots by 1.7--2%. symbiotic fixation of nitrogen determined by a technique of "inoculation" varies within 40--60% depending on the activity of the strain. no correlation has been established between the effectiveness of the strains of nodule bacteria and the activity of their enzymes--dehydrogenases.	1975	1214612
isolation and characterization of a rod-shaped bacteriocin from a strain of rhizobium.	a bactericidal agent ('bacteriocin 16-2') produced by rhizobial strain 16-2 had been characterized as a sheathless rod-shaped particle with a length of 200 nm and a diam. of 8 nm. one end of the rod is pointed and carries short fibre-like appendages, while the other end appears square. the particles specifically adsorb with their pointed end to bacteriocin-sensitive, but not to bacteriocin-resistant, cells. the possible mode of action of this bacteriocin in discussed.	1975	1141864
agrocin 84 sensitivity: a plasmid determined property in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	it was shown for some oncogenic agrobacterium tumefaciens strains that agrocin 84 sensitivity is determined by the presence of a large closed circular dna plasmid, called the ti-plasmid. whereas wild-type strain c58 is agrocin 84 sensitive, all ti-plasmid cured derivatives were found to be fully resistant. moreover all independently isolated agrocin 84 resistant colonies were stably non-oncogenic and plasmid negative. in a growth experiment carried out at 37 degrees c it was shown that the ki ...	1975	1152843
interactions between azotobacter and "phosphobacteria" and their establishment in the rhizosphere as affected by soil fertility.	the effects on plant growth of "bacterial fertilizers" prepared from azotobacter spp. and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ("phosphobacteria") have been the subject of much controversy. cases where no plant-growth stimulation occurred may often be accounted for by the failure to establish the bacterial inocula in the rhizosphere. three factors that may influence inocula establishment, i.e. soil fertility, manuring, and interactions between azotobacter and "phosphobacteria," were examined in pot e ...	1975	1164695
structural similarity of the membrane envelopes of rhizobial bacteroids and the host plasma membrane as revealed by freeze-fracturing.	the freeze-fracture technique was used to study the host plasma membrane and the membrane envelope of bacteroids in rhizobial root nodules of three host-rhizobium combinations. in all three combinations studied, the membrane envelopes of bacteroids are structurally similar to their host plasma membrane. however, the membrane appears to be reversed, because the number and arrangement of particles in the outer fractured face (face a, concave) and in the inner fractured face (face b, convex) of the ...	1975	1168633
involvement of oxyleghaemoglobin and cytochrome p-450 in an efficient oxidative phosphorylation pathway which supports nitrogen fixation in rhizobium.	cellular atp level, atp/adp ratio and nitrogenase activity rise when oxyleghaemoglobin is added to respiring suspensions of rhizobium japonicum bacteroids from soybean root nodules. increased gaseous o2 tension is much less efficient than oxyleghaemoglobin in stimulation of bacteroid atp production. studies with the inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone show this atp to be generated as a consequence of oxidative phosphorylation. n-phenylimidazole, a specific cytochrome p-450 inhibit ...	1975	1169973
nitrate reductase from bacteroides of rhizobium japonicum: enzyme characteristics and possible interaction with nitrogen fixation.	the soluble nitrate reductase of rhizobium japonicum bacteroids has been purified and its properties compared to those of aerobically grown cells. the enzymes from both sources are similar with molecular weights of about 70 000 suggesting no close relationship with the molybdo-protein component of nitrogenase. nitrite, the product of nitrate reductase, strongly inhibited the nitrogenase activity from bacteroids, at concentrations less than 100 mum. thus, an interference in the rate of nitrogen f ...	1975	1170894